Document Document Title
US07821459B2 Multi-band antenna
A multi-band antenna includes a radiating element having at least two frequency bands and comprising a gap on one side edge thereof, a grounding element coupling and being perpendicular to said radiating element, and a reactance assembled to said radiating element and received in said gap.
US07821457B2 Method and device for automatically determining the position of transceivers of navigation signals
A method and system for automatically determining the position of transceivers of navigation signals using a utilization system for the navigation signals are provided. First, coarse calibration of the coordinates of the transceivers is performed. Next, a trajectory of the utilization system is estimated. Finally, fine calibration of the coordinates of the transceivers and the trajectory of the utilization system is performed.
US07821455B2 Hybrid GPS receiving method and associated apparatus
A hybrid Global Positioning System (GPS) receiving method, and associated GPS receiving apparatus is provided. The GPS receiving apparatus includes an RF front-end circuit, a correlation circuit, an acquisition engine and a bidirectional interface control unit. The RF front-end receiving circuit receives a satellite signal and converts the same into a baseband signal. The acquisition engine, coupled to the correlation circuit, determines reception power of the GPS satellite signal. The interface control unit, coupled to the acquisition engine, provides a low-speed interface for transmitting GPS intermediate data that includes a code bin, a frequency bin, navigation data, a local system time and a GPS time. The interface control unit includes a memory interface unit for coupling to a memory.
US07821453B2 Distributed iterative multimodal sensor fusion method for improved collaborative localization and navigation
A computer implemented method for fusing position and range measurements to determine the position of at least one node of a plurality of distributed nodes is disclosed. The method includes (a) measuring the position of at least one node; (b) computing an estimate of the position of the at least one node based on the measured position using a filter that takes account of past estimates of position; (c) receiving an estimate of position of at least a second node; (d) measuring inter-node range to the at least a second node; (e) combining the measured inter-node range with the estimate of position of at least a second node using a second filter that takes account of past estimates of position to generate a refined estimate of the position of the at least one node; and (f) when a change in the position of the at least one node is above a predetermined threshold value, setting the refined estimate of the position of the at least one node to the estimate of the position of the at least one node and repeating (c), (e), and (f).
US07821451B2 Positioning apparatus and positioning method
A positioning apparatus includes: a position computing part configured to receive signals from a plurality of radio transmitters to compute a position of the positioning apparatus; a reception status determining part configured to determine a reception state of the signals from the plurality of the radio transmitters; and an intermittent drive setting part configured to set a time interval for receiving signals by the position computing part according to the reception state determined by the reception status determining part.
US07821449B2 Base station almanac assisted positioning
A database provides base station almanac information pertaining to more than one network mode of communication. A wireless device accesses this database through a centralized server or network, or via the base station, base station controller or the like, with which it is currently communicating.
US07821446B2 Unswitched, ultra low power, long range radar system
An ultra low power, long range, robust radar system, for applications such as ionospheric sounding. The HF transmit signal and the received (reflected) signal are both unswitched and high frequency and share a path to a common loop antenna. The transmit signal originates at a local oscillator (LO), and is sufficiently low power to not saturate the receive signal path. A balun divides the local oscillator signal between the transmit path forward to the antenna and a mixer path, and also divides the received signal between the mixer path and the LO path. A mixer converts the mixed LO and received signal to baseband.
US07821445B2 Radar level gauge
A radar level gauge for measuring a level of a surface of a product in a container has an antenna for transmitting microwaves to the surface and receiving microwaves reflected by the surface, a measurement circuitry for generating said microwaves to be transmitted and for evaluating said received microwaves, a hollow waveguide between the antenna and the measurement circuitry, said waveguide being separated by a gap into a first waveguide member coupled to the antenna and a second waveguide member coupled to the measurement circuitry, and a dielectric barrier arranged in said gap. A dielectric barrier which is simpler in construction and less critical with respect to the wavelength of the microwaves is obtained in that the dielectric barrier comprises a shaft member inserted into the hollow waveguide and extending through at least a portion of the first waveguide member, through the gap and through at least a portion of the second waveguide member.
US07821442B2 System and method of analyzing radar information
The present invention provides a method and system of analyzing radar information of a radar system. According to certain embodiments of the invention, the method comprises: providing radar information including at least a portion modified in response to an EWE (electronic-warfare) action; obtaining position data corresponding to at least a position of a target associated with the EW action with respect to the radar system; and analyzing the radar information for comparing it with the position data, thereby allowing to determine at least one effect of the EW action on the radar information.
US07821437B1 Line noise analysis and detection and measurement error reduction
A method includes sensing a process parameter to generate a sensor signal that includes a process signal and line noise components, digitizing the sensor signal at a sample rate, detecting line noise zero crossings in the sensor signal, determining a line noise frequency as a function of the detected line noise zero crossings, and adjusting the sample rate as a function of the line noise frequency to reduce an impact of line noise on the digitized sensor signal.
US07821436B2 System and method for reducing power dissipation in an analog to digital converter
A system and method for reducing the power dissipated in an Analog to Digital Converter (ADC). The method includes the steps of: receiving a residue output from a previous phase of a plurality of clock phases where the plurality of clock phases includes a sample-and-hold phase and an amplifying phase for sampling and amplifying an analog input signal respectively, eliminating an effect of load on a residue amplifier when amplifying the residue output to generate an amplified residue output in the amplifying phase, and eliminating an effect of small feedback factor when sampling the amplified residue output in the sample-and-hold phase. Power advantage is achieved by sharing the load on the residue amplifier across the sample-and-hold phase and the amplifying phase rather than being fully present in any one of the clock phases. The present invention also provides a method for reducing the number of comparators used in ADCs.
US07821434B2 Apparatus and method for efficient analog-to-digital conversion
For digitizing analog measurement signals, an analog-to-digital converter is used, wherein the offset to be subtracted from an analog measurement value is taken to account within a locked loop by means of which an analog-to-digital converter operating according to the modulation principle is fed back.
US07821429B2 Parallel to serial conversion circuit
A parallel to serial conversion circuit includes a plurality of switching units and a voltage output unit providing an operating voltage for the switching units. Each of the plurality of switching units is operable to receive a first clock signal and a second clock signal which have the same frequency, a phase shift exists between the first clock signal and the second clock signal for each of the switching units, and a phase difference exists between the first clock signals received by adjacent two switching units of the plurality of switching units. The plurality of switching units receive data bits of parallel data in sequence according to the phase difference, particularly, each of the plurality of switching units receives one data bit within a time window corresponding to the phase shift. In comparison with the prior art, the inventive solution implement the parallel to serial conversion using a single system clock frequency, so that the complexity and power consumption of the system is reduced.
US07821427B2 Data processing system and method
A method of processing an encoded data stream comprises determining one or more data strings of interest; wherein the data string comprises a predetermined sequence of characters; encoding (3) the or each data string using the same encoding that was used to encode to the data stream; and searching (4) for the encoded data string in the encoded data stream.
US07821422B2 Traffic light signal system using radar-based target detection and tracking
A novel system and method of integrating an RF emissions device, such as a radar system (103A), within a traffic control indicator (101) system. The system and method determines, using LFM-CW radar signals (201) and a multi-stage spectral processing algorithm (600), if one or more object/vehicle targets will enter an intersection and comprises receiving a radar echo response (203) indicating the object/vehicle target (104) is approaching the intersection, receiving range and velocity of the object/vehicle targets (104), and based on the receiving, determining if the object/vehicle target (104) will enter the intersection. The system and method can programmatically be configured to activate red-light-hold, green-light-extension, or left-turn-warning.
US07821420B2 Signal transmission system for a measurement device
A transmission system for a measurement device on a coordinate positioning apparatus comprises a station (18) mounted on the measuring device (10) and a station (20) mounted on the coordinate positioning apparatus (22), wherein the stations communicate with each other using a spread spectrum radio link, for example frequency hopping. The station on the probe sends a regular signal and on receiving the signal the station on the coordinate positioning apparatus synchronises its clock and sends an acknowledgement signal. Measurement data is either sent in the regular signal or in a measurement event driven signal.
US07821419B2 Media return system
A remote control stores a sequence of key strokes in memory for as long as a predetermined key of a plurality of keys of the remote control is held down. The stored sequence of key strokes may then be repeated, for example, upon release of the predetermined key or upon further activation and release of the predetermined key.
US07821418B2 Safety system
This invention relates to a safety system comprising an elongate signal carrying device having a first end and a second end. At least a part of the elongate signal carrying device is selectively manipulable at a manipulation point to generate a measurable non-electric signal that can be carried by the signal carrying device. The safety system further comprises an output device for causing an audible or visible alarm signal or an electric signal to be outputted in response to the non-electric signal.
US07821412B2 Smoke detector
A smoke detector replaces the americium source of alpha particles with a field emission device using carbon nanotubes as the field emitters, or some other field emitter, in order to provide an ionization of the air potentially caring smoke particles through the smoke detector.
US07821411B1 Safety device for monitoring a conduit
A noninvasive security device for detection of blocked fluid flow within a conduit includes clamping body that may be affixed to the conduit and a safety overflow circuit mounted to the clamping body. The safety overflow circuit includes first and second sensor pads that act as the metal plates of a capacitor. The sensor pads are connected to the clamping body and positioned proximate the conduit to measure the capacitance within the conduit. The capacitance will be low when water is freely flowing through the conduit, since the dielectric constant will be similar to that of air. However, when the water level increases in the conduit, the dielectric constant will increase as will the capacitance, such that a pulse signal is generated to notify the user of the occlusion and to further disable the source of the water to the conduit.
US07821409B2 Drowsiness alarm apparatus and program
A drowsiness alarm apparatus and a program for decreasing the possibility of incorrectly issuing an alarm due to an expressed emotion is provided. A wakefulness degree calculation apparatus performs a wakeful face feature collection process to collect a wakefulness degree criterion and an average representative feature distance. A doze alarm process collects a characteristic opening degree value and a characteristic feature distance. The wakefulness degree criterion is compared with the characteristic opening degree value to estimate a wakefulness degree. The average representative feature distance is compared with the characteristic feature distance to determine whether the face of the driver expresses a specific emotion. If the face expresses the emotion, alarm output is inhibited. When the face does not express the emotion, an alarm is output in accordance with the degree of decreased wakefulness so as to provide an increased alarm degree for the driver if necessary.
US07821403B2 Magnetically releasable grooved tack clutch for reusable and non-reusable applications
A system, apparatus (100) and method are described for an electronic article surveillance security tag (102) having a magnetically releasable tack retaining system, and a magnetic detaching device for use with the electronic article surveillance tag. Other embodiments are described and claimed.
US07821400B2 System and method for verifying number of wireless tagged items in a transaction
A system and method for reading multiple items bearing electronic tags, such as radio frequency identification (RFID) tags, disposed in a read zone wherein a correlation scheme/system, separate (e.g. non-RF) from the electronic reader, is provided for verifying that all the items in the read zone have been successfully read. Typically, the user/operator is then notified whether or not all the items detected by the verification system have been successfully read by the electronic reader.
US07821392B2 Modular programmable safety device
A modular programmable safety device and system coupled with multiple sensors. The device has a memory unit to store the data modules, which can be synthesized into speech and a microprocessor-based speech module, which is connected to the memory and to a transceiver. A remote server computer is connected to the programmable device through a wireless communication system and is provided with a database to store digital data modules and scripts that are either input by a user or downloaded from a third party content provider. Software is operated on the remote server computer to provide the third party contents and the scripts. The device has an external sensor port which is coupled with multiple sensors. The safety device senses a variety of safety parameters programmable with rule sets to communicate with a parent or service provider automatically.
US07821387B2 Display unit and method for displaying image
A display unit includes: a display panel for displaying an information image; a memory for storing a compressed image data element corresponding to the information image; an image memory for storing the compressed image data element transferred from the memory; and a controller for decompressing the compressed image data element stored in the image memory and for controlling the display panel to display the information image based on a decompressed image data element.
US07821383B2 Apparatus for medium-range vehicle communications and control
Medium-range remote communication and control for a vehicle is achieved with a wireless vehicle telematics unit, a medium-range wireless portable fob, and an unmodified wireless personal communication device. The portable fob includes a medium-range RF transceiver for bi-directional communication with the telematics unit and a short-range wireless transceiver for bi-directional communication with the personal communication device. The fob communicates with the vehicle telematics unit in a conventional manner, and also relays information between the telematics unit and the personal communication device. Communication can be initiated by the telematics unit or by the operator via the fob or personal communication device. Once communication is initiated, the fob relays: (1) menu options and status information from the telematics unit to the personal communication device; and (2) menu selections from the personal communication device to the telematics unit. No cellular network service or special programming is required for the personal communications device.
US07821382B2 Vehicular user hospitality system
A vehicular user hospitality system recognizes a situation concerning vehicle use according to a combination of a disturbance stimulation type and hospitality intention category. With an intention estimation table, the system determines a reference intention parameter value for providing an intensity reference of a hospitality intention for each of safety, convenience, and comfort categories. The system settles an intention intensity reference using a reference intention parameter value specific to each situation. The system supplements the reference intention parameter value with the current disturbance stimulation value to determine an intention intensity parameter value to be appropriately used as a function selection reference value while considering a disturbance stimulation magnitude. Using a function specification table, function specification information for specifying a function of a hospitality operating portion is extracted according to a combination of the disturbance stimulation type and the hospitality intention category to thereby determine a control content.
US07821373B2 Surface mount magnetic device and placement method thereof
The surface mount magnetic device includes a magnetic element and as planar cover. The magnetic element includes a winding structure and a magnetic core. The planar cover is attached on the magnetic element. When a nozzle at a tip of placement head of a placement machine is placed on a top surface of the planar cover, the nozzle is tightly attached on the top surface of the planar cover. The surface mount magnetic device is vacuum picked up by the placement head due to pneumatic suction of a driving device, so that the surface mount magnetic device is transported from a first position to a second position.
US07821357B2 Filter assembly comprising two bulk wave resonators
An arrangement includes a substrate, a filter, a first bulk acoustic wave resonator, a second bulk acoustic wave resonator, and a large surface covering. The first bulk acoustic wave resonator includes a first electrode and a second electrode and is arranged flatly on the substrate. The second bulk acoustic wave resonator includes a first electrode and a second electrode and is arranged flatly on the substrate. The large-surface covering includes a metal layer over the substrate. The metal layer is connected to a ground terminal.
US07821353B2 Directional coupler
A directional coupler includes two parallel coupled lines and two sector metal plates. The two sector metal plates are connected to a middle portion of each of the two coupled lines. Central angles of the two sector metal plate are less than 90 degrees.
US07821351B2 Irreversible circuit element
An irreversible circuit element is configured by including a magnetic substance, a plurality of central conductors L1 to L3, one ends of which are connected to different input/output ports, arranged on the magnetic substance so as to intersect each other while being insulated from each other, a first conductor P1 connected to the other ends of all the central conductors L1 to L3, a second conductor, a plurality of matching capacitors (each configured by C1 to C3) connecting the one end of the central conductors L1 to L3 and the second conductor and a variable matching mechanism V1, one end of which is connected or integrated with the second conductor, capable of changing reactance between the one end and the other end thereof.
US07821350B2 Methods and apparatus for dynamic frequency scaling of phase locked loops for microprocessors
A phase-locked loop employing a plurality of oscillator complexes is disclosed. The phase-locked loop includes a clock output and a plurality of oscillator complexes operable to generate output signals. The phase-locked loop further includes control logic which is configured to selectively couple an output signal of one of the plurality of oscillator complexes to the clock output.
US07821348B2 Crystal oscillator for surface mounting
A crystal oscillator includes an oscillator circuit, a main body, a first switching circuit, a second switching circuit, and a voltage detecting circuit. The oscillator circuit includes an IC chip including an output circuit and a function circuit. The crystal element includes a first excitation electrode and a second excitation electrode. The main body houses the oscillator circuit and the crystal element and includes a power supply terminal, a ground terminal, an output terminal, and a function terminal. The output terminal is electrically connected to the output circuit and the first excitation electrode via the first switching circuit. The function terminal is electrically connected to the function circuit and the second excitation electrode via the second switching circuit. The first switching circuit and the second switching circuit are operated on the basis of a switching signal from the voltage detecting circuit connected to the power supply terminal.
US07821347B2 Surface-mount crystal oscillator
In a surface-mount crystal oscillator, an IC chip having an IC terminal at each of at least four corner portions is housed in a substantially rectangular recess. Circuit terminals to which the IC terminals are fixed via bumps are provided on an inner bottom surface of the recess, and external terminals electrically connected to the circuit terminals are provided at the four corner portions of an opening end surface surrounding the recess. In each of at least three vertices or corners on the inner bottom surface of the recess, an external terminal corresponding to the vertex is formed into an L-shape to be in contact with a longer side and a shorter side of an outer perimeter of the recess, and an exposed part in which the inner bottom surface is exposed is formed between the circuit terminal which is the closest to the vertex and its external terminal.
US07821346B2 Ovenized oscillator
An ovenized oscillator package including at least a heater and a crystal package mounted on opposite sides of a circuit board. Vias extend through the body of the circuit board to transfer heat from the heater to the crystal package. Layers of thermally conductive material extend through the body of the circuit board and are in thermally coupled relationship with the vias for spreading heat throughout the circuit board and other elements mounted thereon.
US07821344B2 VCO driving circuit and frequency synthesizer
A VCO driving circuit and a frequency synthesizer wherein the impedance viewed from a VCO control terminal is reduced to prevent the VCO phase noise characteristic from degrading. A VCO driving circuit and a frequency synthesizer having the VCO driving circuit, which comprises a coarse adjustment DAC that receives a digital data, which has a coarse adjustment frequency, to output an analog signal; a fine adjustment DAC that receives a digital data, which has a fine adjustment frequency, to output an analog signal; a low response speed LPF5 that removes noise from the output signal from the coarse adjustment DAC and then provides the resultant signal as an input to a VCO control terminal; a high response speed LPF7 that converts the output signal from the fine adjustment DAC to a voltage, thereby smoothing the signal; a resistor that connects an input stage of the LPF5 to that of the LPF7; and a capacitor used for providing a capacitive coupling such that the output of the LPF7 is added to that of the LPF5.
US07821343B1 Transmitter with multiple phase locked loops
A transmitter that includes a first phase locked loop (PLL) and a second PLL coupled to the first PLL is described. In one implementation, the first PLL is an inductance-capacitance (LC) type PLL and the second PLL is a ring type PLL. Also, in one embodiment, the transmitter further includes a PLL selection multiplexer coupled to the first and second PLLs, where the PLL selection multiplexer receives an output of the first PLL and an output of the second PLL and outputs either the output of the first PLL or the output of the second PLL. In one implementation, a control signal for controlling selection by the PLL selection multiplexer is programmable at runtime. In one implementation, the transmitter of the present invention further includes a clock generation block coupled to the PLL selection multiplexer, a serializer block coupled to the clock generation block and a transmit driver block coupled to the serializer block. In one embodiment, the transmit driver block includes only one post-tap pre-driver and only one main-tap pre-driver. The transmitter of the present invention is capable of operating in a wide range mode or a low jitter mode by selecting the appropriate PLL. In wide range mode, a wider frequency range is desirable. On the other hand, in low jitter mode, a low jitter is desirable.
US07821342B2 Device comprising a feedback-less gain controlled amplifier
Devices (1,2) comprising feedback-less amplifiers (16,19,26,29) that are gain controlled introduce linear relationships between output signals and input signals of the feedback-less amplifiers (16,19,26,29) by providing the feedback-less amplifiers (16,19,26,29) sub-circuits in the form of first transistors (33) operated in their triode regions for receiving input signals and second sub-circuits in the form of second transistors (34) for receiving control signals and third sub-circuits in the form of resistors (35) for generating output signals, whereby the respective first and second and third sub-circuits form a serial path. Second circuits (4) receive gain signals and convert the gain signals into the control signals. The control signals are copies of the gain signals. The second circuits (4) comprise current sources (6) and third and fourth transistors (41,42). The current sources (6) comprise fifth and sixth transistors (61,62). The second circuits (4) further comprise voltage sources (9) further current sources. Third circuits (8) compensate common mode currents.
US07821341B2 Gain control device and amplifier using the same
Provided are a gain control device and an amplifier using the gain control device. The gain control device includes a first input resistance unit having a first variable resistor whose resistance is linearly variable and a first fixed resistor respectively receiving a first input signal and a second input signal having a sign different from the first input signal and outputting current through a first output terminal, and a second input resistance unit having a second fixed resistor and a second variable resistor whose resistance is linearly variable respectively receiving the first input signal and the second input signal and outputting current through a second output terminal.Since the gain control device can separately perform dB-linear gain control, it is easily combined with a circuit, such as a continuous-time sigma-delta modulator (SDM), a continuous-time filter, and a continuous-time analog-to-digital converter (ADC), and enables miniaturization and low power consumption.
US07821339B1 Composite differential RF power amplifier layout
A composite differential Radio Frequency (RF) power amplifier includes a plurality of differential RF cascode power amplifiers coupled in parallel. Each differential RF cascode power amplifier includes a positive transconductance stage and a positive cascode stage coupled in series with the positive transconductance stage between a voltage node and ground. Each also includes a negative transconductance stage and a negative cascode stage coupled in series with the negative transconductance stage between the voltage node and ground. The plurality of parallel differential RF cascode power amplifiers resides adjacent one another in a single semiconductor substrate such that the positive transconductance stage of a first differential RF cascode power amplifier resides adjacent a negative transconductance stage of a second differential RF cascode power amplifier and the positive cascode stage of the first differential RF cascode power amplifier resides adjacent a negative cascode stage of a second differential RF cascode power amplifier.
US07821338B2 Amplifier current drive reversal
A drive current direction between first and second amplifiers can be selected using a received indication of an output current in an at least partially reactive load, and an amplified output signal can be produced using the selected drive current direction and the first and second amplifiers. Further, the first and second amplifiers can be configured to alternate between a pull-up mode and a pull-down mode, each amplifying half of a full wave output signal.
US07821336B2 Amplifier device
An amplifier device has an amplifier circuit, an energy supply device, a switching matrix and a control device. A radio-frequency, low-energy signal pulse can be amplified into a high-energy power pulse by the amplifier circuit. The amplifier circuit is supplied with electrical energy by the energy supply device. The energy supply device has a number of electrical energy sources that are separated in terms of potential relative to one another in a state in which they are not connected to the amplifier circuit. The electrical energy sources can be selectively connected to the amplifier circuit by the switching matrix. The switching state of the switching matrix can be dynamically set for this purpose by the control device.
US07821335B2 Semiconductor integrated circuit with variable gain amplifier
The variable gain amplifier includes a bias circuit (BC) 1, a matching circuit (MC) 2, a variable gain resistive feedback amplifier (FA) 3 and an output follower (EA) 4. The resistance values of the load resistance Rc and feedback resistance Rf are changed in cooperation. In a case of making the load resistance Rc a high resistance to set the low noise amplifier to a high gain, the feedback resistance Rf is also made a high resistance, the feedback time constant τfb(c1)≈2π·RfCbe/(1+gmRc) of the closed loop of the resistive negative feedback amplifier 3 becomes substantially constant, and then the amplifier has a gain small in frequency dependency over a wide bandwidth. In a case of making the load resistance Rc a low resistance to set the low noise amplifier to a low gain, the feedback resistance Rf is also made a low resistance. The feedback resistance Rf with the low resistance increases the negative feedback quantity, and thus the amplifier is set to a low gain. Also, the load resistance Rc is made a low resistance, and the feedback time constant τfb(c1) becomes substantially constant. The gain is not lowered further in a high frequency region.
US07821333B2 High-voltage differential amplifier and method using low voltage amplifier and dynamic voltage selection
A differential amplifier (1D) includes circuitry (5,R1,R2,52) coupling a common mode component of an input voltage (Vin+−Vin−) to a maximum voltage selector circuit (53) that produces an internal voltage (VRAIL-TOP) equal to the larger of a first supply voltage (VREG) and the common mode component. An input amplifier circuit (46) of the differential amplifier is powered by the internal voltage. The input voltage (Vin+−Vin−) is coupled to inputs (41A,B) of the input amplifier circuit (46). Outputs (64A,B) of the input amplifier circuit (46) are amplified by an output amplifier (50).
US07821330B2 Method and apparatus for extending the lifetime of a semiconductor chip
A circuit and a method for extending the lifetime of a semiconductor chip. The circuit including a voltage reference generator, a voltage switch, a threshold voltage regulator device and a threshold voltage monitor device tunes an automatic internal power supply. The voltage reference generator provides one or more reference voltage levels that are transmitted to the voltage switch. The threshold voltage monitor device monitors the threshold voltage of the device, triggering the voltage switch to select a reference level for use as a voltage reference for the regulator when the threshold voltage of the monitored device exceeds a predetermined value. The regulator then converts the external power supply to an internal supply and holds it at the predetermined reference level.
US07821327B2 High voltage input receiver using low voltage transistors
A high voltage input receiver using low voltage transistors is disclosed. In one embodiment, an input receiver circuit includes a comparator circuit and an inverter circuit. The comparator circuit includes a differential input module for generating a control signal by comparing an external voltage and a reference voltage, and a decision module for generating an inverter input signal based on the control signal. In addition, the reference voltage is used to set dc trip point of the input receiver. Moreover, the input receiver includes one or more stress protection modules to protect key components of the input receiver from exceeding their reliability limits.
US07821325B2 Charge pump converter and method therefor
In one embodiment, a charge pump converter is formed to use various values of an output voltage to selectively control a value of a charging current during a charging cycle of the charge pump converter.
US07821324B2 Reference current generating circuit using on-chip constant resistor
Provided is a reference current generating circuit capable of maintaining a constant output level regardless of a temperature variation by the use of a reference resistor having a constant resistance regardless of the temperature variation. The reference current generating circuit includes a reference voltage circuit supplying a reference voltage having a constant level regardless of a temperature variation, and a reference resistor circuit comprising a resistor having a positive temperature coefficient and a resistor having a negative temperature coefficient that are connected in series, the reference resistor circuit having a constant total resistance regardless of the temperature variation. Herein, a reference current having a constant level regardless of the temperature variation is generated by the reference voltage and the resistance of the reference resistor circuit.
US07821321B2 Semiconductor temperature sensor using bandgap generator circuit
A combined bandgap generator and temperature sensor for an integrated circuit is disclosed. Embodiments of the invention recognize that bandgap generators typically contain at least one temperature-sensitive element for the purpose of cancelling temperature sensitivity out of the reference voltage the bandgap generator produces. Accordingly, this same temperature-sensitive element is used in accordance with the invention as the means for indicating the temperature of the integrated circuit, without the need to fabricate a temperature sensor separate and apart from the bandgap generator. Specifically, in one embodiment, a voltage across a temperature-sensitive junction from a bandgap generator is assessed in a temperature conversion stage portion of the combined bandgap generator and temperature sensor circuit. Assessment of this voltage can be used to produce a voltage- or current-based output indicative of the temperature of the integrated circuit, which output can be binary or analog in nature.
US07821320B2 Temperature detection circuit
A temperature detection circuit includes a bandgap reference voltage generation circuit, a detection output circuit, and an output conversion circuit. The bandgap reference voltage generation circuit generates a first reference voltage and causes a bias current to flow through a current path to produce a thermal voltage. The current path has a first resistor. The detection output circuit has a second resistor and causes a mirror current of the bias current to flow through the second resistor. The output conversion circuit uses a second reference voltage to convert a voltage drop across the second resistor to a predetermined output form to detect a temperature. The first and second resistors are substantially identical in temperature dependence. The second reference voltage is generated from the first reference voltage.
US07821319B2 Switching apparatus and method for detecting an operating state
A switching apparatus and method for detecting an operating state is disclosed. One embodiment has a MOS transistor, a replica of the MOS transistor and an evaluation arrangement and detects the start of switching of the MOS transistor by comparing the gate-source voltages of the transistors.
US07821307B2 Bandgap referenced power on reset (POR) circuit with improved area and power performance
In an apparatus for monitoring a supply voltage, a current mirror coupled to the supply voltage provides a pair of matching currents. A resistor divider that includes a first resistor coupled in series with a second resistor to from a first node is disposed between the supply voltage and a voltage reference. A pair of transistors that have their bases coupled to the first node are coupled to receive a corresponding one of the pair of matching currents. A collector of a first transistor of the pair of transistors provides an output voltage in response to the supply voltage. A third resistor is disposed between an emitter of a second transistor of the pair of transistors and the voltage reference. A base and a collector of a third transistor are coupled to the first node and an emitter is coupled to the voltage reference.
US07821304B2 Semiconductor device having input circuit minimizing influence of variations in input signals
A semiconductor device stabilizes an operation of an input buffer. A semiconductor device includes an input potential detection unit, an input buffer, and a current sink unit. The input potential detection unit outputs a detection signal in response to a level of an input signal. The input buffer buffers the input signal by differentially amplifying the input signal through a first current sink unit. The current sink unit receives the detection signal, and in response to the detection signal, performs an auxiliary differential amplifying operation with respect to the input signal buffered by the input buffer.
US07821298B2 Multiplexing using product-of-sums and sum-of-products
A method for and the results of implementing a tree of multiplexing are disclosed. At each level of the tree, a sum-of-products or a product-of-sums representation is chosen to maximize inter-level optimizations.
US07821296B2 Stacked buffers
Two or more buffers may configured and arranged such that a quiescent current that flows through and biases a first buffer also flows through and biases a second buffer. The first and second buffers may, for example, be source followers used as reference buffers that drive inputs of a switched-capacitor circuit.
US07821295B1 Methods and systems for improving a maximum operating frequency of a PLD having a shift register within an embedded memory block
A method for improving a maximum operating frequency of an integrated circuit including a first shift register within a first random access memory (RAM) block is described. The method includes improving the maximum operating frequency by finding the first shift register implemented within the first RAM block.
US07821293B2 Asynchronous interconnection system for 3D interchip communication
An embodiment of the present invention relates to a asynchronous interconnection system comprising a transmitter circuit and a receiver circuit inserted between inserted between respective first and second voltage references and having respective transmitter and receiver nodes coupled in a capacitive manner. The receiver circuit comprises: a recovery stage inserted between the first and second voltage references of the receiver circuit and connected to the receiver node; and a state control stage, in turn inserted between the first and second voltage references of the receiver circuit connected to the recovery stage correspondence with a first feedback node providing a first control signal and having a second feedback node connected in a feedback manner to the recovery stage. The recovery stage comprises a first feedback loop connected to the first feedback node and acting in such a way to recover a received voltage signal and a feedback loop connected to the second feedback node of the state control stage and acting in such a way to deactivate the recovery feedback on the receiver node and guarantee that the receiver node is let in a high impedance state.
US07821291B2 Digital calibration circuits, devices and systems including same, and methods of operation
A calibration circuit for matching the output impedance of a driver by calibrating adjustments to the driver is described. The calibration circuit includes a driver circuit with a plurality of calibration transistors configured to receive a plurality of adjustment signals. The calibration circuit also includes a comparator circuit, and a binary searcher. The driver provides a signal corresponding to an output impedance to the comparator circuit. The output impedance signal is compared to a target impedance, and the comparator circuit then provides logic signals to the binary searcher representing whether the output impedance is greater than the target impedance. The binary searcher then selects a type of step size and count direction, in response to the logic signals, to count the number of steps for adjusting the calibration transistors of the driver.
US07821290B2 Differential voltage mode driver and digital impedance caliberation of same
A differential voltage mode driver and digital impedance calibration of same is provided. In one embodiment, the invention relates to a method of calibrating a differential driver circuit having a plurality of parallel driver stages, the differential driver circuit for driving a differential signal over a transmission line having an impedance, the method including determining an indication of an impedance of a plurality of parallel replica stages, wherein the plurality of parallel replica stages are replicas of the plurality of parallel driver stages, determining a number of the plurality of parallel replica stages to approximately match the measured impedance with the transmission line impedance, and activating a number of the plurality of parallel driver stages equal to the number of the plurality of parallel replica stages. In another embodiment, the invention relates to a differential voltage mode driver using at least one H-bridge driver stage.
US07821288B1 Circuit protecting apparatus and associated method, and circuit protecting layer
A circuit protecting apparatus is provided. The circuit protecting apparatus comprises a selecting module, a routing module, a processing module, and a controlling module. The selecting module selects for each of a plurality of a minimum-sized routing region a routing pattern from a plurality of predetermined routing patterns, and generates an input signal. The routing module then generates the routing comprising the selected routing patterns on a to-be-protected region to form a circuit protecting layer. The routing receives the input signal and outputs an output signal. The processing module decodes the output signal into a restored signal a compares the restored signal with the input signal to generate a comparison result, according to which the controlling module selectively fails a chip.
US07821286B2 Testing device for performing a test on a liquid crystal display and a method of driving the testing device
A testing device for performing a high-voltage test on a liquid crystal display is provided. The testing device includes a voltage converting unit, an input connector, and a power supplier. The voltage converting unit includes a plurality of resistors between an output terminal and a ground terminal. The input connector includes a terminal connected to one node of the plurality of resistors. The power supplier includes a switching unit to output a ground voltage to the terminal when power is applied from an external power source.
US07821285B2 Liquid crystal display apparatus and testing method for liquid crystal display apparatus
Disclosed herein is a liquid crystal display apparatus, including, a pixel array section, a first data line, a second data line, a writing unit, a voltage supply control unit, a data line short-circuiting unit, a reading out unit, and a testing unit.
US07821284B2 Semiconductor test head apparatus using field programmable gate array
A semiconductor test head apparatus using a field programmable gate array (FPGA) is disclosed. A semiconductor test head apparatus using a field programmable gate array, includes a pattern generator for generating a predetermined memory test pattern, a driver/comparator unit comprising a first transceiver which performs a driver function capable of recording a memory test pattern generated from the pattern generator in a device under test and a comparator function capable of comparing a level of a signal read by the device under test with a predetermined high-level reference value, and a second transceiver which performs the driver function and a comparator function capable of comparing a level of a signal read by the device under test with a predetermined low-level reference value, and a connection unit for electrically connecting the first transceiver in parallel to the second transceiver, and connecting the first transceiver and the second transceiver to the device under test.
US07821283B2 Circuit board apparatus for wafer inspection, probe card, and wafer inspection apparatus
Disclosed herein are a circuit board device for wafer inspection having high connection reliability, and a probe card and a wafer inspection apparatus, which are equipped with this circuit board device for wafer inspection. The circuit board device for wafer inspection has a board body and a connector device provided on the board body and obtained by stacking a plurality of connector units on each other, wherein each of the connector units has a first anisotropically conductive elastomer sheet, a composite conductive sheet, a second anisotropically conductive elastomer sheet and a pitch converting board, the composite conductive sheet has an insulating sheet, in which a plurality of through-holes have been formed, and rigid conductors respectively arranged into the through-holes in this insulating sheet so as to protrude from both surfaces of the insulating sheet, and in each of the rigid conductors, terminal portions having a diameter greater than the diameter of the through-hole are formed on both ends of a body portion inserted into the through-hole in the insulating sheet in order for the conductor to be provided movably in the thickness-wise direction of the insulating sheet.
US07821279B2 Element substrate, inspecting method, and manufacturing method of semiconductor device
A substrate including a semiconductor layer, where characteristics of an element can be evaluated with high reliability, and an evaluating method thereof are provided. A substrate including a semiconductor layer of the invention has a closed-loop circuit in which an antenna coil and a semiconductor element are connected in series, and a surface of an area over which the circuit is formed is covered with an insulating film. By using such a circuit, a contactless inspection can be carried out. Further, a ring oscillator can be substituted for the closed-loop circuit.
US07821277B2 Parallel test fixture for mixed signal integrated circuits
The present invention provides a parallel test fixture for mixed signal integrated circuits (ICs). The fixture includes a multi-layer printed circuit board (PCB). The fixture includes: a test area, which is disposed on a central area of the multi-layer PCB and includes several test regions for a plurality of mixed signal ICs; an analog signal ground layer, which is operationally connected with the analog signals of the mixed signal ICs in the test area; and a digital signal ground layer, which is operationally connected with the digital signals of the mixed signal ICs in the test area. Thereby, when a plurality of mixed signal ICs are parallel tested, not only the problem due to cross-talk could be solved but also the numbers of the layers of the multi-layer PCB could be reduced effectively.
US07821276B2 Method and article of manufacture to generate IC test vector for synchronized physical probing
Systems, methods, and computer readable media storing instructions for such methods relate to generating test vectors that can be used for exercising a particular area of interest in an integrated circuit. The test vectors generally include a non-overlapping repeating and/or predictable sequence of care bits (a care bit pattern) that can be used by a tester to cause the exercise of the area and collect emissions caused by exercising the area. Such emissions can be used for analysis and debugging of the circuit and/or a portion of it. Aspects can include providing a synchronization signal that can be used by a tester to allow sensor activation at appropriate times.
US07821274B2 Capacitive position sensor
A sensor includes a substrate with a sensitive area defined by a pattern of electrodes. The pattern of electrodes includes a first group of drive elements interconnected to form a plurality of row electrodes extending along a first direction, a second group of drive elements interconnected to form a plurality of column electrodes extending along a second direction, and a group of sense elements interconnected to form a sense electrode extending along both the first and second directions. The sensor may be coupled to a controller that includes a drive unit for applying drive signals to the row and column electrodes, and a sense unit for measuring sense signals representing a degree of coupling of the drive signals applied to the row and column electrodes to the sense electrode.
US07821272B2 Method for calibrating an electrostatic discharge tester
The present disclosure relates to a method for calibrating transient behaviour of an electrostatic discharge (ESD) test system. The system includes an ESD pulse generator and probe needles for applying a predetermined pulse on a device under test. The probe needles are connected to the ESD pulse generator via conductors. The test system includes measurement equipment for detecting transient behaviour of the device under test by simultaneously capturing voltage and current waveforms the device as a result of the pulse. The method includes the steps of: (a) applying the ESD test system on a first known system with a first known impedance, (b) applying the ESD test system on a second known system with a known second impedance, and (c) determining calibration data for the transient behaviour the ESD test system on the basis of captured voltage and current waveforms, taking into account said known first and second impedances. In preferred embodiments the waveforms are transferred to the frequency domain for correlation.
US07821271B2 Method for testing a communication connection
The invention relates to a method for testing a communication connection in a communication network in an aircraft with at least a first controller, a second controller and a third controller. The method includes the steps: generation of a first predefined signal, output of the first signal at a predefined output of the first controller and sending of the first signal to the third controller by the first controller; detection of a first incoming signal at a predefined input of the second controller which is connected via the communication connection to the predefined output of the first controller, and sending of the incoming signal to the third controller by the second controller; comparison of the first predefined signal with the first incoming signal by the third controller and generation of a first identicalness signal if the first predefined signal and the first incoming signal are the same; repetition of the steps with a second predefined signal and generation of a second identicalness signal by the third controller if the second predefined signal and a second incoming signal are the same; output of an enabling signal if the first and the second identicalness signal have been generated.
US07821269B2 Method for determining the dielectric constant of particles
A method of measuring the dielectric constant of a powder, including selecting a powder having an unknown first dielectric constant, selecting a liquid having a known second dielectric constant, and introducing a predetermined amount of powder into a predetermined volume of liquid to define a slurry characterized by a known volume fraction of powder. Next, the impedance spectra of the slurry is plotted over a predetermined frequency range, the measured dielectric constant data is read and the appropriate equivalent circuit for the slurry is determined. Appropriate equivalent circuit equations are applied to the measured dielectric constant data and the first dielectric constant is calculated from the appropriate equivalent circuit equations, known volume fraction of powder and measured dielectric constant data.
US07821267B2 Magnetic resonance imaging method and apparatus
In an imaging according to the step moving method, a slice imaging condition with respect to each station is optimized, thereby enabling an efficient imaging. A controller of an MRI apparatus displays positioning frames 601 to 606, and operation handles 607 and 608 thereof, in order to set a slice imaging condition at every various positions (stations) of a table on which a test object is mounted. By manipulating the positioning frames and the operation handles via I/O unit, the slice imaging condition is set. According to this slice imaging condition, imaging at each station position of the table is executed.
US07821265B2 Method and apparatus for acquiring MRI data for pulse sequences with multiple phase encode directions and periodic signal modulation
A method for acquiring magnetic resonance (MR) data for a pulse sequence with periodic signal modulation and a set of views having at least two phase encode directions includes selecting a direction of modulation. Each view in the set of views is assigned a readout number based on a position of each view along the direction of modulation resulting in a plurality of readout number groups, each readout number group having a plurality of views. Each view within each readout number group is assigned a train number based on a position of each view along a second direction in k-space. MR data for the set of views is acquired based on the assigned readout number and train number for each view.
US07821260B2 NMR echo train compression using only NMR signal matrix multiplication to provide a lower transmission bit parametric representation from which estimate values of earth formation properties are obtained
NMR spin echo signals are acquired downhole. An independent component analysis is used to determine parameters of a parametric model of the T2 distribution whose output matches the measurements. The model parameters are telemetered to the surface where the properties of the formation are reconstructed. It is emphasized that this abstract is provided to comply with the rules requiring an abstract which will allow a searcher or other reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the technical disclosure. It is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims. 37 CFR 1.72(b).
US07821258B2 Method and system for generating and receiving torsional guided waves in a structure
A method is shown for magnetostrictive testing of structures using magnetostrictive techniques. A torsional guided wave is generated in the structure either directly, or through a magnetostrictive strip dry coupled or bonded to the structure. A permanent magnetic field is created by either permanent magnets or DC current for a permanent bias in a bias direction in the magnetostrictive strip and/or structure. By pulsing the magnetic field with an AC current pulse, a torsional guided wave will flow through the structure in the same direction as the permanent bias. By saturating the permanent magnetic field, a maximum torsional guided wave is reflected from defects in the structure to given an improved signal to noise ratio.
US07821257B2 Method and device for forecasting/detecting polishing end point and method and device for monitoring real-time film thickness
A method and device for forecasting/detecting a polishing end point and for monitoring a real-time film thickness to suppress Joule heat loss due to the eddy current to the minimum, to precisely forecast/detect a polishing end point, to precisely calculate the remaining film thickness to be removed, and polishing rate. An inductor 36 in a sensor is arranged adjacent to a predetermined conductive film 28, and a magnetic flux change induced in the conductive film 28 by a magnetic flux formed by the inductor 36 is monitored, and by use of a magnetic flux change when a film thickness becomes corresponding to skin depth in which a film thickness in polishing is determined by the material of the predetermined conductive film 28 as a factor, a magnetic flux change part to forecast a polishing end point in the magnetic flux change process is detected, and a polishing end point is forecasted from the magnetic flux change part, and a polishing rate and a remaining film thickness amount to be removed are calculated on the spot.
US07821256B2 Linear and rotational inductive position sensor
An apparatus for providing a signal related to a position of a part comprises an exciter coil, and a receiver coil disposed proximate to the exciter coil. The exciter coil generates magnetic flux when the exciter coil is energized by a source of electrical energy, such as an alternating current source. The receiver coil generates a receiver signal when the exciter coil is energized, due to an inductive coupling between the receiver coil and the exciter coil. The receiver coil has a plurality of sections, the inductive coupling tending to induce opposed voltages in at least two of the sections. Embodiments of the present invention include linear sensors, rotational sensors, and novel configurations for improved ratiometric sensing.
US07821255B2 Test system with wireless communications
A test system for testing electronic devices can include a plurality of testers and a test station. The test station can include probes to contact the devices and the tester can control testing. Test data can be received by the test station from the testers using wireless communications links.
US07821254B2 Method and apparatus for improving load time for automated test equipment
An SOC tester having test cards with memory cards is presented. The SOC tester may be running a test on a device under test using test programs stored on one set of memory cards. Test programs may be down loaded to a second set of memory cards during testing using test programs from the first set of memory cards or during off times.
US07821252B2 Three-phase current sensor
A three-phase current sensor for measuring currents (IPH1, IPH2, IPH3) running in three conductors of a three-phase conductor system comprises a first magnetic measuring device (D1) and a second magnetic measuring device (D3). Each magnetic measuring device comprises a magnetic circuit provided with at least two interleaf gaps and a magnetic field sensor arranged in each interleaf gap. The magnetic measuring devices (D1, D3) are positioned on both sides of a central conductor or cavity, thereby enabling a central conductor to be inserted in such a way that one of three phases of the conductor system is formed.
US07821247B2 System and method for measuring electric current in a pipeline
A system for measuring a voltage differential in a current-carrying pipe using a propulsion vehicle for conveying the system inside the pipe, the system including a first contact for maintaining electrical contact with the pipe as the vehicle moves through the pipe; a second contact positioned in a spaced apart relationship from the first contact for maintaining electrical contact with the pipe as the vehicle moves through the pipe; and an AC voltage reading device connected to the first contact and the second contact for measuring the AC voltage between the first contact and the second contact as the vehicle moves through the pipe.
US07821244B1 Apparatus and method for charge storage and recovery for variable output voltage regulators
A circuit for voltage regulation is provided. The circuit includes a variable output voltage regulator and an output capacitor circuit. The output capacitor circuit includes at least two output capacitors and at least one switch. The variable output voltage regulator is capable of providing a regulated DC output voltage at two or more different voltage levels. When the output voltage is changed to a lower output voltage level, one of the output capacitors in the output capacitor circuit is switched out of the circuit to conserve the charge stored on it. When the output voltage returns to the higher output voltage level, the output capacitor that was switched out is switched back in.
US07821243B2 DC/DC converter
In a non-isolated DC/DC converter, a reference potential for a low-side pre-driver which drives a gate of a low-side MOSFET is applied from a portion except for a main circuit passing through a high-side MOSFET and the low-side MOSFET so that a parasitic inductance between a source of the low-side MOSFET and the pre-driver is increased without increasing the sum of parasitic inductances in the main circuit and negative potential driving of the gate of the low-side MOSFET can be performed and a self turn-on phenomenon can be prevented without adding any member and changing drive system.
US07821241B2 Integrated switch with internally adjusted conduction time
An apparatus and method of providing a pulse width modulated signal that is responsive to a current are disclosed. An integrated circuit according to aspects of the present invention regulates an output of a power supply and includes a switch coupled to receive an external current. The integrated circuit also includes a controller coupled to the switch to control a switching of the external current by the switch in response to an external control signal and an internal current sense signal. The internal current sense signal is proportional to a current in the switch. The output of the power supply is also regulated in the absence of the internal current sense signal.
US07821238B1 Feedback loop compensation for buck/boost switching converter
A system and a method are disclosed for providing an optimized feedback loop compensation for a buck/boost switching converter circuit. The buck/boost switching converter circuit may be operating in either a continuous conduction mode boost mode, or a continuous conduction mode buck mode, or a discontinuous conduction mode. A compensation circuit is provided that includes an error amplifier circuit that includes at least one compensation capacitor that provides an additional capacitance that adjusts a location of at least one dominant pole and at least one compensation zero of the buck/boost switching converter circuit to provide optimized feedback loop compensation.
US07821237B2 Power factor correction (PFC) controller and method using a finite state machine to adjust the duty cycle of a PWM control signal
A power factor correction (PFC) controller and method uses a finite state machine to adjust the duty cycle of a pulse width modulation (PWM) switching control signal. The PFC controller has a target current generator that receives the link output voltage and generates a target current proportionate to the rectified line input voltage. The PFC controller further includes a comparator which outputs a two-level current comparison result signal. The finite state machine responsive to the two-level current comparison result signal, generates a switch control signal that has a duty cycle which is adjusted for controlling the switch so that the sensed current is approximately proportionate to the rectified line input voltage, such that power factor correction is performed.
US07821234B2 Abnormality determination device of power supply and abnormality determination method thereof
A power supply having a battery (2) that supplies electric power to an electric load (6), a current sensor (4) that detects the current of the battery (2), and a voltage sensor (5) that detects the voltage of the battery (2) includes abnormality determination means for determining that an open failure has occurred in the battery (2) when the voltage detected by the voltage sensor (5) is larger than a first predetermined change amount and the current detected by the current sensor (4) is smaller than a second predetermined change amount, and determining, if an open failure is not found in the battery (2), that an intermediate fixed failure has occurred in the current sensor (4) when the internal resistance of the battery (2) is greater than or equal to a predetermined value.
US07821232B2 Method of calculating remaining capacity of rechargeable battery
The invention discloses a method for precisely estimating the remaining capacity of a rechargeable battery in a practical system. To evaluate the remaining capacity of a battery through a calibrated current which is calculated from a predictable capacity close to the end of discharge or to the end of full charge, so that the remaining capacity of battery will approach end points smoothly. A system can thus detect battery status and take necessary actions safely. Battery aging problem is considered while calculating the remaining capacity and the full charge capacity (FCC) of battery is also updated according to the total cumulated charges during a charge or discharge stage.
US07821231B1 Rechargeable battery assembly and power system using same
A rechargeable battery, battery set or battery pack having a circuit or a plurality of circuits for providing self-discharging thereof electrically connected in parallel are used to form rechargeable battery assemblies and electric power supply systems for use in electric and hybrid vehicles and the like.
US07821224B2 Voltage estimation feedback of overmodulated signal for an electrical vehicle
A voltage estimation system for motor control feedback is described. The system may include one or more control modules which may generate voltage commands. An overmodulation or “clipping” module receiving a voltage command can generate a clipped voltage. Rather than measuring directly, a voltage estimator may estimate the clipped voltage based on the duty cycle command to the inverter. This estimated voltage may then be used by a flux estimator to estimate a flux value. Other embodiments are described and claimed.
US07821222B2 Submersible motor
A submersible motor is provided for a submersible pump, the motor being configured as a single-phase asynchronous motor, which includes a main winding (6), an auxiliary winding (8), and a starting device (10, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22) for controlling the starting procedure of the submersible motor. The starting device (10, 14, 16, 20, 22) for the control of the current feed of the auxiliary winding (8) includes at least one electronic switch (20) in the circuit of the auxiliary winding (8).
US07821216B2 Motor control method and control device
When motor drive is initiated, firstly a PWM value at time of driving initiation is set to an initial setting value start_pwm1, and gradually increased by a specified amount in specified period. When an encoder edge is detected, the PWM value is reset to the initial setting value, and increased again in the same manner. From second edge detection, next PWM initial value is set corresponding to a PWM value at the time of edge detection. If the PWM value at the time of edge detection is larger than det_pwm_max owing to load on the motor becoming large and thereby driving velocity becoming slower, a PWM value which is larger than previous PWM initial value is set as a new PWM initial value. The driving target can be driven stably irrelevant to fluctuation of the load on the motor.
US07821214B2 Load driving apparatus, vehicle incorporating the same, and control method for load driving apparatus
An ECU estimates an output allowable power of a power storage device based on the temperature and SOC of the power storage device. The ECU also calculates a threshold power based on the power required to start an engine. When the ECU determines that the output allowable power is lower than the threshold power, the up-converter is controlled such that the boosting rate of the up-converter is restricted to be below a prescribed value.
US07821211B2 Drive circuit, light emitting diode head, and image forming apparatus
A drive circuit is provided for selectively driving a driven element. The drive circuit includes a discharge section for discharging charges, which are accumulated in the driven element when the drive element is turned on, when the drive element is turned off. The drive circuit may include a drive element for driving the driven element. The drive element includes a first ground route disposed separately from a second ground route of the driven element. The first ground route is connected to the second ground route through a connection cable. A diode may be disposed between the connection cable and at least one of the first ground route and the second ground route.
US07821210B2 Control system for a plurality of lamp-operating devices that are arranged in a distributed manner and method for initializing such a control system
Disclosed is a control system for several distributed lamp-operating devices, comprising at least one control station (1), a control line (2) that connects the control station (1) to each lamp-operating device, and a receiver which is allocated to each lamp-operating device and is used for communicating with the control station (1). Each lamp-operating device in said control system is part of a first or a second type while lamp-operating devices of the first and the second type can be combined into functional couples. The lamp-operating devices of the first type (20-1, 20-2) are configured and connected to the respectively allocated lamp-operating device of the second type (10-1 to 10-4) so as to be able to selectively activate or deactivate the lamp-operating devices of the second type (10-1 to 10-4) in accordance with a request by the control station (1).
US07821208B2 Inductively-powered gas discharge lamp circuit
An inductively powered gas discharge lamp assembly having a secondary circuit with starter circuitry that provides pre-heating when power is supplied to the secondary circuit at a pre-heat frequency and that provides normal operation when power is supplied to the secondary circuit at an operating frequency. In one embodiment, the starter circuitry includes a pre-heat capacitor connected between the lamp electrodes and an operating capacitor located between the secondary coil and the lamp. The pre-heat capacitor is selected so that the electrical flow path through the pre-heat capacitor has a lesser impedance than the electrical flow path through the gas of the lamp when power is applied to the secondary circuit at the pre-heat frequency, and so that the electrical flow path through the pre-heat capacitor has a greater impedance than the electrical flow path through the gas when power is applied the operating frequency. The primary circuit may include a tank circuit for which the resonant frequency can be adjusted to match the pre-heat frequency and the operating frequency.
US07821206B2 Plasma display panel and manufacturing method thereof
The present invention relates to plasma display panel and manufacturing method thereof to simplify the manufacturing steps and reduce cost of production. In the present invention, a black layer formed between a transparent electrode and a bus electrode is formed together with a black matrix at the same time. In this case, the black layer is formed together with the black matrix in one. Cheap nonconductive oxide is used as a black powder of a black layer. Specifically, in case the black layer and the black matrix are formed in one, the bus electrode is shifted to a non-discharge area to improve the brightness of the plasma display panel.
US07821205B2 Flat display panel having exhaust holes within display area
A flat display panel comprising exhaust holes in a display region is provided. In the flat display panel, a front substrate comprising X and Y electrodes a rear substrate comprising an address electrode are sealed at a predetermined interval in parallel. Vacuum exhaust and gas discharge are performed on a space between the sealed substrates through the exhaust holes in the display area, thereby reducing a non-radiation area of the panel to less than 1 mm. As a result, the flat display panel is effective in formation of an indefinite extension multi-PDP because a seam between the panels is removed when a multi-PDP comprising a plurality of panels is formed.
US07821202B2 Self-emitting element, display panel, display apparatus, and method of manufacturing self-emitting element
A display panel includes a light-emitting layer, a protective layer, a reflective layer, and a reflective surface. The protective layer is deposited on an emitting side of the light-emitting layer and forms an interface with an external medium. The protective layer has a thickness that allows the light emitted from the light-emitting layer to undergo total reflection at least once at the interface in an area of the light-emitting layer. The reflective layer is deposited on an opposite side of the protective layer with respect to the light-emitting layer. The reflective surface is at a periphery of the light-emitting layer and changes the direction of the light propagating inside the protective layer emitted from the light-emitting layer.
US07821199B2 Organic electroluminescent device and manufacturing method thereof
A highly fine organic electroluminescent device is provided. A method for manufacturing the organic electroluminescent device is provided for patterning a very fine light emitting layer, and a deposition mask is provided to be used in the patterning. For deposition of the light emitting layer, a mask member is provided with apertures (effective apertures) for forming the light emitting layer to be used for light emitting pixel and apertures (dummy apertures) not to be used for forming the light emitting pixel around an area (effective aperture area) separated by the outer edge of a group of the apertures. The light emitting layer is deposited by using the deposition mask.
US07821195B2 High color expression display device
A high color expression display device and a method for manufacturing the same are provided. The display device includes a backlight module and a display panel for receiving light from the backlight module. The display panel has a color filter layer which consists of a plurality of color resists above the backlight module. Lights from the backlight module pass through the color resists and out of the display panel to form an output light. A NTSC saturation of the output light may be greater or smaller than 60%, and a CIE standard illuminant C test result of the color resists may correspondingly fall into different predetermined scopes to prevent color shift and maintain brightness of the display device.
US07821192B2 Field emission light source
A field emission light source includes a substrate, a cathode conductive layer, a plurality of electron emitters, a transparent substrate, an anode layer and a fluorescent layer. The cathode conductive layer is formed on the substrate. The electron emitters are disposed on the cathode conductive layer. The transparent substrate is spaced from the cathode conductive layer. The anode layer is formed on the transparent substrate facing the electron emitters and includes a carbon nanotube film structure having carbon nanotubes arranged in a preferred orientation. The fluorescent layer is formed on the anode layer facing the electron emitters.
US07821191B2 Field emission display
A display apparatus includes an electron source; a substrate; a light emitting body arranged on the substrate and emitting light by being irradiated by an electron emitted from the electron source; an anode disposed on the substrate and supplied with a voltage for accelerating the electron; and an electrode for supplying the voltage to the anode, the electrode being disposed along a side of the substrate, and the electrode has a plurality of electrode films, the electrode films including two electrode films adjacent to each other, and a resistor film connecting between the electrode films, and a length of the portion opposing the other electrode film in one electrode film from among the two electrode films is longer than a length of the one electrode film in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the electrode.
US07821184B2 Contacting multilayer piezo actuators or sensors
A device, especially a piezo stack (2) has a plurality of stacked actuator or sensor layers with electrodes (5) or piezo stack (2) contacts. A flexible lead frame (1) is electrically connected to the electrodes (5).
US07821183B2 Electrical generators for low-frequency and time-varying rocking and rotary motion
A method for generating electrical energy from a first motion having a low and/or variable frequency is provided. The method including: transferring the first motion to a first device; and intermittently transferring the first motion from the first device to a second device operating at a frequency which is higher and/or more constant that the first motion.
US07821181B2 Piezoelectric vibrator, manufacturing method thereof and linear actuator having the same
The piezoelectric vibrator includes the piezoelectric bar having a plurality of piezoelectric plates alternately stacked and a plurality of vibration sectors divided vertically and horizontally with respect to the direction in which the piezoelectric plates are stacked. Electrode terminals are formed on each of surface regions of the piezoelectric plate, divided in a longitudinal direction thereof, and jump terminals corresponding to electrode terminals are formed on a surface of an adjacent one of the piezoelectric plates. On side surfaces of the piezoelectric plates, a plurality of side electrodes are formed, connecting the electrode terminals and the corresponding jump terminals to power the vibration sectors, by which a pair of the vibration sectors diagonally disposed from each other are simultaneously powered. The piezoelectric vibrator is small and easily manufactured and mass-produced with a simple structure.
US07821180B2 Curved two-dimensional array transducer
A curved two-dimensional array transducer includes a layer of piezoelectric material overlaying a layer of ASICs which is attached to a backing wing. The piezoelectric material is diced in orthogonal azimuth and elevation directions to form a two-dimensional array of transducer elements, with the dicing cuts in the elevation direction extending through the ASIC layer so that the piezoelectric layer and the ASIC layer can be bent in the azimuth direction. The backing wing provides a flexible substrate which can be bent while supporting the ASIC layer and piezoelectric elements. In a second example the piezoelectric layer and ASIC layer are attached to opposite sides of flex circuit which provides the flexible substrate after the piezoelectric layer and ASIC layer are diced.
US07821174B2 Armature of rotating electric machine and method of manufacturing the same
A rotating electric machine includes a shaft and an armature with a core that includes a shaft hole. The core includes a plurality of core materials that are laminated. When pressing in and fixing the shaft to the shaft hole, the shaft hole is applied with an ironing process in advance in order to rectify a cylindrical hole shape of the shaft hole.
US07821173B2 Bell-armature coil
In at least one embodiment of the present invention a bell-armature coil for an electric motor is provided. The bell-armature coil comprises a hollow-cylindrical coil winding which forms a coil opening at one end and is wound from a winding wire. The bell-armature coil further comprises a coil former plate. The coil former plate includes a printed circuit board. Into the coil opening the coil former plate is inserted. The coil winding has conductor ends which are connected to the printed circuit board.
US07821170B2 Electric motor
A DC motor, has a stator housing accommodating a permanent magnet stator; a rotor, rotatably mounted confronting the stator, the rotor having a shaft, a rotor core fitted to the shaft and having laminations forming salient poles, a commutator fitted to the shaft adjacent one end of the rotor core, windings wound about poles of the rotor core and terminated on the commutator, the windings each being wound around a single pole of the rotor; and brush gear comprising brushes in sliding contact with the commutator for transferring electrical power to the windings.
US07821168B2 Axial gap dynamo electric machine with magnetic bearing
An axial gap electric dynamo machine has a horizontally disposed rotor disk that is stabilized at its periphery by a plurality of permanent magnets connected to a ferromagnetic bearing plate that provides an opposing or repulsive force against the rotor magnets. In some preferred embodiments, the bearing plate magnets are configured in a dual band to further enhance the magnetic field that supports the periphery of the spinning rotor.
US07821165B2 Motor and method of manufacturing stator used therefor
A motor includes: a rotor in which 10 poles are magnetized at regular intervals; a stator having 12 core pieces and facing the rotor, all core pieces having a concentrated winding wound in the same direction and being annularly arranged; and a wiring board for making 3-phase connection of the windings. A wire connection is made through the wiring board in such a manner that electric currents of adjacent same phase windings flow in opposite directions and of electric currents of adjacent different phase windings flow in same directions.
US07821153B2 System and method for generating electricity
A system for generating electricity including a vertical oriented tower comprising an intake opening for receiving fluid flow, a scoop that is moveably mounted to a base for directing the fluid flow to the intake opening, a fluid-activated mechanism that is automatically oriented in response to direction of the fluid flow, the fluid-activated mechanism being operatively connected to the scoop so that orientation of the fluid-activated mechanism in response to the fluid flow angles the scoop in the direction of the fluid flow, and a turbine that receives the fluid flow directed by the scoop to generate electricity.
US07821149B2 Airborne stabilized wind turbines system
Airborne system for producing electricity from wind includes at least one shaft, one or more wind turbines rotatably mounted to each shaft, and generators that convert rotation of the turbine(s) into electricity. A lifting section is connected to the shaft(s) and generates a lifting force that causes the system to be airborne. A center of gravity of the system is lower than its center of lift. When the turbines are exposed to wind and rotate (at least one in one direction and another in an opposite direction), torques induced on the shaft(s) of the system balance each other and remaining deferential torque is balanced by returning torque that is generated by the angular deviation of the center of gravity from its lowest position. A magnitude of this returning torque increases as the angular deviation increases until the system reach angular stability. Electricity is generated and conducted for storage or usage.
US07821144B2 Generator utilizing fluid-induced oscillations
An electrical generator including a magnetic field generator and at least one energy converter for converting energy present in fluid flows into vibrations or oscillations. The converter includes a flexible membrane having at least two fixed ends. The membrane vibrates when subject to a fluid flow. One of the electrical conductor and the magnetic field generator is attached to the membrane and configured to move with the membrane. The vibration of the membrane caused by the fluid flow causes a relative movement between the electrical conductor and the applied magnetic field. The relative movement causes a change in the strength of the magnetic field applied to the electrical conductor, and the change in the strength of the magnetic field applied to the electrical conductor induces a current flowing in the conductor.
US07821143B2 System for controlling ultrasonic clamping and cutting instruments
A control system for use with an ultrasonic surgical instrument includes a generator supplying electrical energy to an ultrasonic surgical instrument, the electrical energy supplied by the generator being controlled such that power applied by the instrument is maintained constant once a predetermined pressure threshold is met. The control system operates by assigning a nominal power at which the ultrasonic instrument is to operate and adjusting the current and voltage applied to the ultrasonic surgical instrument so as to maintain the power applied by the ultrasonic surgical instrument at approximately the nominal power.
US07821140B2 Semiconductor device and wire bonding method
A semiconductor device has a first layer pressing portion that is formed by crushing a ball neck formed by bonding an initial ball onto a first layer pad of a first layer semiconductor die and pressing the side of a wire folded onto the crushed ball neck, a first wire extended in the direction of a lead from the first layer pressing portion, and a second wire that is looped from a second layer pad of a second layer semiconductor die toward the first layer pressing portion and joined onto the second layer pad side of the first layer pressing portion. Thereby, the connection of wires is performed at a small number of times of bonding, while reducing damages caused on the semiconductor dies.
US07821139B2 Flip-chip assembly and method of manufacturing the same
A flip-chip assembly comprises a semiconductor chip, a substrate, a first buffer layer, a second buffer layer and a conductive bump. The semiconductor chip includes a first region and a second region adjacent to the first region. The substrate is disposed under the semiconductor chip. The first buffer layer is disposed between the first region of the semiconductor chip and the substrate. The second buffer layer is disposed between the second region of the semiconductor chip and the substrate. The conductive bump is formed through the second buffer layer and electrically connects the semiconductor chip to the substrate.
US07821133B2 Contact pad structure for flip chip semiconductor die
A flip chip Schottky die is provided, which includes three contact bumps extending from a top surface of the die for electrically connecting with a board, a first and second bump being cathode contacts, and a third bump being an anode contact and having a larger surface than each of the first and second bumps for a 0.5 ampere device. Each bump is substantially rectangular at its base, but may have a curved or arched top surface on a square die. Also, provided is a contact bump useful in a flip chip device, such as a MOSFET or diode for a current of 1.0 amperes that includes a solder body of PbSn or a solder body free of lead comprising SnAgCu. Such a contact bump is substantially rectangular, and a height of approximately 120 μm.
US07821132B2 Contact pad and method of forming a contact pad for an integrated circuit
A contact pad in an integrated circuit is disclosed. The contact pad comprises a flat portion comprising a base of the contact pad; a plurality of projections extending from and substantially perpendicular to the flat portion; and a solder ball attached to the projections and the flat portion. A method of forming a contact pad is also disclosed.
US07821130B2 Module including a rough solder joint
A module includes a metallized substrate including a metal layer, a base plate, and a joint joining the metal layer to the base plate. The joint includes solder contacting the base plate and an inter-metallic zone contacting the metal layer and the solder. The inter-metallic zone has spikes up to 100 μm and a roughness (Rz) of at least 20 μm.
US07821128B2 Power semiconductor device having lines within a housing
A power semiconductor device has a semiconductor chip stack and lines within a housing. The lines electrically connect large-area contact regions of power semiconductor device components within the housing to one another. In this case, at least one of the lines has a large-area planar conductive layer. This planar conductive area electrically connects the large-area contact regions to one another.
US07821126B2 Heat sink with preattached thermal interface material and method of making same
A process of making an integrated heat spreader is disclosed. The integrated heat spreader is stamped with a thermal interface material under conditions to form a diffusion bonding zone between the integrated heat spreader and the thermal interface material. The thermal interface material can have one of several cross-sectional profiles to facilitate reflow thereof against a die during a method of assembling a packaged microelectronic device. The thermal interface material can also have one of several footprints to further facilitate reflow thereof against the die.
US07821125B2 Semiconductor device
The invention provides a heat radiating structure which reduces a mechanical stress applied to an electronic part mounted on a printed circuit board including a semiconductor package. The heat radiating structure is constructed by a semiconductor package mounted on a printed circuit board, a thermal conduction sheet arranged on an upper surface of the semiconductor package, and a metal case provided with a heat radiating fin for receiving a heat transmitted form the thermal conduction sheet so as to discharge to an atmospheric air, and the metal case is provided with a concavo-convex structure in a contact portion with the thermal conduction sheet.
US07821124B2 Thin, thermally enhanced flip chip in a leaded molded package
Semiconductor die packages and methods of making them are disclosed. An exemplary package comprises a leadframe having a source lead and a gate lead, and a semiconductor die coupled to the source and gate leads at a first surface of the leadframe. The source lead has a protruding region at a second surface of the leadframe. A molding material is disposed around the semiconductor die, the gate lead, and the source lead such that a surface of the die and a surface of the protruding region are left exposed by the molding material. An exemplary method comprises obtaining the semiconductor die and leadframe, and forming a molding material around at least a portion of the leadframe and die such that a surface of the protruding region is exposed through the molding material.
US07821123B2 LED array cooling system
A LED array cooling system including a LED array and a substrate attached to the LED array wherein the LED array includes a plurality of walls that at least in part define a plurality of passages through the LED array.
US07821122B2 Method and system for increasing circuitry interconnection and component capacity in a multi-component package
A method and system for fabricating a interconnect substrate for a multi-component package is disclosed. The multi-component package includes at least one die and a package substrate. The method and system include providing an insulating base and providing at least one conductive layer. The at least one conductive layer provides interconnects for at least one discrete component. The interconnect substrate is configured to be mounted on the at least one die and to have the at least one discrete component mounted on the interconnect substrate.
US07821119B2 Semiconductor device
A semiconductor device is disclosed which includes a tab (5) for use in supporting a semiconductor chip (8), a seal section (12) as formed by sealing the semiconductor chip (8) with a resin material, more than one tab suspension lead (4) for support of the tab (5), a plurality of electrical leads (2) which have a to-be-connected portion as exposed to outer periphery on the back surface of the seal section (12) and a thickness reduced portion as formed to be thinner than said to-be-connected portion and which are provided with an inner groove (2e) and outer groove (2f) in a wire bonding surface (2d) as disposed within the seal section (12) of said to-be-connected portion, and wires (10) for electrical connection between the leads (2) and pads (7) of the semiconductor chip (8), wherein said thickness reduced portion of the leads (2) is covered by or coated with a sealing resin material while causing the wires (10) to be contacted with said to-be-connected portion at specified part lying midway between the outer groove (2f) and inner groove (2e) to thereby permit said thickness reduced portion of leads (2) and the outer groove (2f) plus the inner groove (2e) to prevent occurrence of any accidental lead drop-down detachment.
US07821117B2 Semiconductor package with mechanical stress isolation of semiconductor die subassembly
A semiconductor package (20) includes an organic substrate (24) and a semiconductor die subassembly (22). A method (50) for making the semiconductor package (20) entails providing (52) the organic substrate (24) having an opening (26) and electrical contacts (36). The subassembly (22) is formed by producing (64) a semiconductor die (28) and bonding it to a platform layer (30). An elastomeric adhesive (38) is utilized (92) to secure the subassembly (22) in the opening (26). Electrical interconnects (32) are provided (106) between the semiconductor die (28) and the electrical contacts (36) of the organic substrate (24). The organic substrate (24), semiconductor die (28), elastomeric adhesive (38), and electrical interconnects (32) are encapsulated (114) in a packaging material (46). The elastomeric adhesive (38) provides mechanical anchoring of the subassembly (22) to the substrate (24) and provides mechanical stress isolation of the semiconductor die (28) within the semiconductor package (20).
US07821116B2 Semiconductor die package including leadframe with die attach pad with folded edge
A semiconductor die package is disclosed. The semiconductor die package comprises a leadframe structure with a die attach pad including a die attach surface, a folded edge structure and an opposite surface opposite to the die attach surface. A plurality of leads extending laterally away from the die attach pad. A semiconductor die comprising a first surface and a second surface is attached to the semiconductor die, and a molding material is around at least a portion of the leadframe structure and at least a portion of the semiconductor die. The opposite surface is exposed through the molding material and terminal ends of the leads do not extend past lateral edges of the molding material.
US07821115B2 Tape carrier package including a heat dissipation element
A semiconductor device on a tape carrier package with improved heat dissipation, as provided. The number of outputs of the semiconductor device has been increased for implementing a multi-channel configuration, and narrower pitches are employed. Included are a tape carrier 20 having lead patterns 21 to 24 formed on a tape base 28 thereof, and a semiconductor device 10 mounted on the tape carrier 20 and having electrode patterns 11 to 14 disposed thereon. The semiconductor device 10 includes heat dissipating electrode patterns 15 to 17 at positions where the heat dissipating electrode patterns 15 to 17 do not interfere with the electrode patterns 11 to 14. The lead patterns 21 to 24 are electrically connected to the corresponding electrode patterns 11 to 14, respectively. On the tape carrier 20, heat dissipation patterns 25 to 27 are formed. The heat dissipation patterns have a surface area broader than that of the lead patterns and have the heat dissipating electrode patterns disposed thereon.
US07821114B2 Multiphase synchronous buck converter
Disclosed in this specification is a multiphase buck converter package and process for forming such package. The package includes at least four dice and several parallel leads. The dice are electrically connected through a plurality of die attach pads, thus eliminating the need for wirebonding.
US07821107B2 Die stacking with an annular via having a recessed socket
A die stack including a die having an annular via with a recessed conductive socket and methods of forming the die stack provide a structure for use in a variety of electronic systems. In an embodiment, a die stack includes a conductive pillar on the top of a die inserted into the recessed conductive socket of another die.
US07821104B2 Package device having crack arrest feature and method of forming
A package device has a package substrate, a semiconductor die on the package substrate, and a molding compound on the package substrate and over the semiconductor die. The semiconductor die has a last passivation layer, an active circuit region in an internal portion of the die, an edge seal region along a periphery of the die, and a structure over the edge seal region extending above the last passivation layer, covered by the molding compound, and comprising a polymer material. The structure may extend at least five microns above the last passivation layer. The structure stops cracks in the molding compound from reaching the active circuit region. The cracks, if not stopped, can reach wire bonds in the active region and cause them to fail.
US07821099B2 Structure for low capacitance ESD robust diodes
A diode having a capacitance below 0.1 pF and a breakdown voltage of at least 500V. The diode has an anode of a first conductivity type and a cathode of a second conductivity type disposed below the anode. At least one of the cathode and anode have multiple, vertically abutting diffusion regions. The cathode and anode are disposed between and bounded by adjacent isolation regions.
US07821097B2 Lateral passive device having dual annular electrodes
A lateral passive device is disclosed including a dual annular electrode. The annular electrodes form an anode and a cathode. The annular electrodes allow anode and cathode series resistances to be optimized to the lowest values at a fixed device area. In addition, the parasitic capacitance to a bottom plate (substrate) is greatly reduced. In one embodiment, a device includes a first annular electrode surrounding a second annular electrode formed on a substrate, and the second annular electrode surrounds an insulator region. A related method is also disclosed.
US07821095B2 Method of forming a Schottky diode and structure therefor
In one embodiment, a Schottky diode is formed on a doped region having a thickness less than about eighteen microns.
US07821090B2 Solid-state image capturing apparatus, method for manufacturing the same, and electronic information device
An image capturing apparatus has a plurality of solid-state image capturing devices each having light receiving sections laminated in a depth direction of a semiconductor substrate. The devices are sequentially arranged in a direction along a substrate surface. Incident light waves having wavelength bands corresponding to depths of respective light receiving sections are detected there and generate signal charges. Bands are associated with light receiving sections by the wavelength dependence of the optical absorption. Trench sections each reach from a light incident surface or an opposite substrate surface to respective light receiving sections that do not overlap each other in a plane view. Electric charge transfer sections transfer electric charges independently from the light receiving sections via side wall portions of their respective trenches to the light incident surface side or the opposite substrate surface side at the time of driving readout gate electrodes at each trench section.
US07821086B2 Semiconductor memory device
A semiconductor memory device includes a first write line which is provided in a first direction, a first memory element which is connected to the first write line, a second memory element which is provided to neighbor the first memory element in the first direction, and is connected to the first write line, a first insulation film which is provided on surfaces of the first and second memory elements, and a second insulation film which is provided between the neighboring first and second memory elements and has a lower heat conductivity than the first insulation film.
US07821083B2 Semiconductor device and method for manufacturing the same
A semiconductor device includes a structure of a gate electrode/a high-k dielectric insulating film containing aluminum and having a dielectric constant greater than that of a silicon oxide film/the silicon oxide film/a silicon substrate, and is provided with a diffusion layer formed by diffusing an aluminum atom or an aluminum ion to the silicon oxide film or an interface between the silicon oxide film and the silicon substrate by a heat treatment. A laminated film or a mixed film of hafnium oxide and aluminum oxide having a ratio of hafnium and aluminum ranging from about 2:8 to 8:2 is used as the high-k dielectric film. The heat treatment is performed at any temperature from about 500 to 1000° C. for any period of time from about 1 to 100 seconds.
US07821080B2 N-ary three-dimensional mask-programmable read-only memory
N-ary three-dimensional mask-programmable read-only memory (N-3DMPROM) stores multi-bit-per-cell. Its memory cells can have N states (N>2) and data are stored as N-ary codes. N-3DMPROM has a larger storage density than the prior-art binary 3D-MPROM. One advantage of N-3DROM over other N-ary memory (e.g. multi-level-cell flash) is that its array efficiency can be kept high. N-3DMPROM could be geometry-defined, junction-defined, or a combination thereof.
US07821077B2 Semiconductor device
The active region of an NMOS transistor and the active region of a PMOS transistor are divided by an STI element isolation structure. The STI element isolation structure is made up of a first element isolation structure formed so as to include the interval between both active regions, and a second element isolation structure formed in the region other than the first element isolation structure.
US07821075B2 CMOS device with zero soft error rate
A CMOS device and method of manufacture is provided for producing an integrated circuit that is not susceptible to various soft errors such as single-event upsets, multi-bit upsets or single-event latchup. The CMOS device and method utilizes a new and novel well architecture in conjunction with metal source/drain electrodes to eliminate soft errors. In one embodiment, the CMOS device uses a first metal source/drain material for the NMOS device and a second metal source/drain material for the PMOS device. The CMOS device further uses a multi-layered well-structure with a shallow N-well and a buried P-well for the PMOS device and a shallow P-well and a buried N-well for the NMOS device.
US07821072B2 Semiconductor device comprising a stress applying insulating film
In a semiconductor device, a transistor in an N-type logic region NL is covered with a tensile stress applying film and a transistor in a P-type logic region PL is covered with a compressive stress applying film. Transistors in a P-type SRAM region PS and an N-type SRAM region NS are covered with a layered film including a tensile stress applying film and a compressive stress applying film.
US07821070B2 Trig modulation electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection devices
Trig modulation electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection devices are presented. An ESD protection device includes a semiconductor substrate. A high voltage N-well (HVNW) region is formed in the semiconductor substrate. An NDD region, a first P-body region and a second P-body region are formed in the HVNW region, wherein the first P-body region is separated from the second P-body region with a predetermined distance, and wherein the NDD region is isolated from the first P-body region with an isolation region. An N+ doped source region is disposed in the NDD region. An N+ doped region is disposed in the first P-body region. A P+ doped region is disposed in the second P-body region. A first gate is disposed between the N+ doped region and the isolation region, and a second gate is disposed between the N+ doped region and the P+ doped region.
US07821066B2 Multilayered BOX in FDSOI MOSFETS
A fully depleted MOSFET has a semiconductor-on-insulator substrate that includes a substrate material, a BOX positioned on the substrate material, and an active layer positioned on the BOX. The BOX includes a first layer of material with a first dielectric constant and a first thickness and a second layer of material having a second dielectric constant different than the first dielectric constant and a second thickness different than the first thickness. The first layer of material is positioned adjacent the substrate material and the second layer of material is positioned adjacent the active layer. Drain and source regions are formed in the active layer so as to be fully depleted. The drain and source regions are separated by a channel region in the active layer. A gate insulating layer overlies the channel region and a gate stack is positioned on the gate insulating region. It is anticipated that the structure is most useful for channel regions less than 90 nm long.
US07821064B2 Lateral MISFET and method for fabricating it
A lateral MISFET having a semiconductor body has a doped semiconductor substrate of a first conduction type and an epitaxial layer of a second conduction type, which is complementary to the first conduction type, the epitaxial layer being provided on the semiconductor substrate. This MISFET has, on the top side of the semiconductor body, a drain, a source, and a gate electrode with gate insulator. A semiconductor zone of the first conduction type is embedded in the epitaxial layer in a manner adjoining the gate insulator, a drift zone of the second conduction type being arranged between the semiconductor zone and the drain electrode in the epitaxial layer. The drift zone has pillar-type regions which are arranged in rows and columns and whose boundary layers have a metal layer which in each case forms a Schottky contact with the material of the drift zone.
US07821063B2 Semiconductor device having enhanced performance and method
In one embodiment, a semiconductor device is formed in a body of semiconductor material. The semiconductor device includes a localized region of doping near a portion of a channel region where current exits during operation.
US07821059B2 Semiconductor device and method for manufacturing a semiconductor device
In a semiconductor device, the side walls are made of SiO2, SiN or SiON, and the top insulating film or gate insulating film is made of an oxide including Al, Si, and metal element M so that the number ratio Si/M is set to no less than a number ratio Si/M at a solid solubility limit of SiO2 composition in a composite oxide including metal element M and Al and set to no more than a number ratio Si/M at the condition that the dielectric constant is equal to the dielectric constant of Al2O3 and so that the number ratio Al/M is set to no less than a number ratio Al/M where the crystallization of an oxide of said metal element M is suppressed due to the Al element and set to no more than a number ratio Al/M where the crystallization of the Al2O3 is suppressed due to the metal element M.
US07821057B2 Nonvolatile semiconductor memory device and manufacturing method thereof
A nonvolatile semiconductor memory device includes a semiconductor substrate of a first conductivity type, a pair of source and drain diffusion regions of a second conductivity type oppositely formed on a surface of the semiconductor substrate, and a stacked structure having a gate insulating film, a charge accumulation film, an interlayer insulating film and a control gate which are formed in order on a channel region of the surface of the semiconductor substrate interposed between the source and drain diffusion regions. An edge of the stacked structure in the vicinity of the source region is formed away from a junction position between the source diffusion region and the channel region.
US07821056B2 Nonvolatile semiconductor memory device and method of manufacturing the same
A nonvolatile semiconductor memory device includes an array of nonvolatile memory cell transistors, each of which is configured such that a tunnel insulation film, a floating gate electrode, a floating gate insulation film and a control gate electrode are stacked on a surface of a semiconductor substrate. A mean roughness of an interface between a polysilicon, of which the floating gate electrode is formed, and the floating gate insulation film is 1.5 nm or less.
US07821055B2 Stressed semiconductor device and method for making
A method of making a semiconductor device on a semiconductor layer includes forming a gate dielectric and a first layer of gate material over the gate dielectric. The first layer is etched to remove a portion of the first layer of gate material over a first portion of the semiconductor layer and to leave a select gate portion. A storage layer is formed over the select gate portion and over the first portion of the semiconductor layer. A second layer of gate material is formed over the storage layer. The second layer of gate material is etched to remove a first portion of the second layer of gate material over a first portion of the select gate portion. A portion of the first portion of the select gate is etched out to leave an L-shaped select structure. The result is a memory cell with an L-shaped select gate.
US07821054B2 Semiconductor device and semiconductor system
A semiconductor device includes a semiconductor substrate, a first and second semiconductor regions formed on the semiconductor substrate insulated and separated from each other, a gate dielectric film formed on the substrate to overlap the first and second semiconductor regions, a floating gate electrode formed on the gate dielectric film and in which a coupling capacitance of the first semiconductor region is larger than that of the second semiconductor region, first source and drain layers formed on the first semiconductor region to interpose the floating gate electrode therebetween, a first and second wiring lines connected to the first source and drain layers, respectively, second source and drain layers formed on the second semiconductor region to interpose the floating gate electrode therebetween, and a third wiring line connected to the second source and drain layers in common.
US07821053B2 Tunable capacitor
Disclosed are embodiments of a transistor that operates as a capacitor and an associated method of tuning capacitance within such a capacitor. The embodiments of the capacitor comprise a field effect transistor with front and back gates above and below a semiconductor layer, respectively. The capacitance value exhibited by the capacitor can be selectively varied between two different values by changing the voltage condition in a source/drain region of the transistor, e.g., using a switch or resistor between the source/drain region and a voltage supply. Alternatively, the capacitance value exhibited by the capacitor can be selectively varied between multiple different values by changing voltage conditions in one or more of multiple channel regions that are flanked by multiple source/drain regions within the transistor. The capacitor will exhibit different capacitance values depending upon the conductivity in each of the channel regions.
US07821052B2 Method for forming a buried digit line with self aligning spacing layer and contact plugs during the formation of a semiconductor device, semiconductor devices, and systems including same
A method for use during fabrication of a semiconductor device comprises the formation of buried digit lines and contacts. During formation, a buried bit line layer may be used as a mask to etch one or more openings in a dielectric layer. A conductive layer is then formed in the one or more openings in the dielectric layer, and is then planarized to form one or more individual contact plugs. Next, the buried bit line layer is etched to recess the buried bit line layer, and a capacitor plate is formed to contact the contact plug.
US07821051B2 MIM capacitor and method of fabricating same
A damascene MIM capacitor and a method of fabricating the MIM capacitor. The MIN capacitor includes a dielectric layer having top and bottom surfaces; a trench in the dielectric layer, the trench extending from the top surface to the bottom surface of the dielectric layer; a first plate of a MIM capacitor comprising a conformal conductive liner formed on all sidewalls and extending along a bottom of the trench, the bottom of the trench coplanar with the bottom surface of the dielectric layer; an insulating layer formed over a top surface of the conformal conductive liner; and a second plate of the MIM capacitor comprising a core conductor in direct physical contact with the insulating layer, the core conductor filling spaces in the trench not filled by the conformal conductive liner and the insulating layer. The method includes forming portions of the MIM capacitor simultaneously with damascene interconnection wires.
US07821049B2 Semiconductor memory device and method for fabricating semiconductor memory device
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a semiconductor memory device comprising, a first transistor and a second transistor formed on a semiconductor substrate, a memory capacitor formed above the first transistor, the memory capacitor being connected to the first transistor, a dummy memory capacitor formed above the second transistor, a wiring layer formed above the memory capacitor and the dummy memory capacitor, the wiring layer being connected to the first transistor and the memory capacitor, a first plug connecting between the second transistor and the dummy memory capacitor, and a second plug connecting between the dummy memory capacitor and the wiring layer.
US07821045B2 Apparatus, system, and method for multiple-segment floating gate
Various embodiments include a substrate and a memory cell coupled to the substrate. The memory cell may include an L-shaped floating gate, a control gate, an insulation layer coupled between the control gate and the first L-shaped floating gate, and a conductive layer coupled between the substrate and the first L-shape floating gate. Other embodiments including additional apparatus, systems, and methods are disclosed.
US07821035B2 ED inverter circuit and integrate circuit element including the same
A second semiconductor layer of a second nitride-based compound semiconductor with a wider bandgap formed on a first semiconductor layer of a first nitride-based compound semiconductor with a smaller bandgap includes an opening, on which a gate insulating layer is formed at a portion exposed through the opening. A first source electrode and a first drain electrode formed across a first gate electrode make an ohmic contact to the second semiconductor layer. A second source electrode and a second drain electrode formed across a second gate electrode that makes a Schottky contact to the second semiconductor layer make an ohmic contact to the second semiconductor layer.
US07821034B2 Integrated III-nitride devices
A III-nitride heterojunction semiconductor device that includes a power electrode that is electrically connected to a conductive substrate through a trench in the heterojunction thereof.
US07821029B2 Electrostatic protection element
An electrostatic protection element relating to the present invention comprises a P-type semiconductor and an N-type first impurity layer provided in the semiconductor substrate. The first impurity layer comprises a P-type second impurity layer functioning as a gate. The second impurity layer comprises an N-type third impurity layer functioning as a cathode. Further, the first impurity layer comprises an N-type fourth impurity layer spaced apart from the second impurity layer at a distance. The fourth impurity layer comprises a P-type fifth impurity layer functioning as an anode and an N-type sixth impurity layer. Then, in the electrostatic protection element, an impurity concentration of the fourth impurity layer is higher than that of the first impurity layer, and a bottom of the fourth impurity layer is deeper than that of the second impurity layer.
US07821026B2 Light emitting diode device and manufacturing method therof
A light-emitting diode (LED) device and manufacturing methods thereof are provided, wherein the LED device comprises a substrate, a first type conductivity semiconductor layer, an active layer, a second type conductivity semiconductor layer, a transparent conductive oxide stack structure, a first electrode, and a second electrode. The first semiconductor layer on the substrate has a first portion and a second portion. The active layer and the second semiconductor layer are subsequently set on the first portion. The transparent conductive oxide stack structure on the second semiconductor layer has at least two resistant interfaces. The first electrode is above the second portion, and the second electrode is above the transparent conductive oxide stack structure.
US07821022B2 Lighting emitting device employing nanowire phosphors
Disclosed is a light emitting device employing nanowire phosphors. The light emitting device comprises a light emitting diode for emitting light having a first wavelength with a main peak in an ultraviolet, blue or green wavelength range; and nanowire phosphors for converting at least a portion of light having the first wavelength emitted from the light emitting diode into light with a second wavelength longer than the first wavelength. Accordingly, since the nanowire phosphors are employed, it is possible to reduce manufacturing costs of the light emitting device and to reduce light loss due to non-radiative recombination.
US07821020B2 Package for light emitting device with metal base to conduct heat
A light emitting device includes a metal base, an electrical circuit layer provided at an upper side of the metal base for providing a conductive path, a light emitting device mounted in a second region having a smaller thickness than a first region on the metal base, an insulating layer sandwiched between the metal base and the electrical circuit layer, an electrode layer provided at an upper side of the electrical circuit layer, and a wire for electrically connecting the electrode layer and the light emitting device. The light emitting device package has improved light emission efficiency since the light emitting device is placed on a small thickness portion of the metal base.
US07821015B2 Silicon carbide and related wide-bandgap transistors on semi insulating epitaxy
A method of making a semi-insulating epitaxial layer includes implanting a substrate or a first epitaxial layer formed on the substrate with boron ions to form a boron implanted region on a surface of the substrate or on a surface of the first epitaxial layer, and growing a second epitaxial layer on the boron implanted region of the substrate or on the boron implanted region of the first epitaxial layer to form a semi-insulating epitaxial layer.
US07821014B2 Semiconductor device and manufacturing method thereof with a recessed backside substrate for breakdown voltage blocking
A semiconductor device and a manufacturing method thereof uses a semiconductor substrate of silicon carbide. On one principal surface side of the substrate, at its central section, a layer of silicon carbide or gallium nitride as a semiconductor layer having the thickness at least necessary for breakdown voltage blocking is epitaxially grown or formed from part of the substrate. A recess is formed in the other principal surface side of substrate at a position facing the central section. A supporting section surrounds the bottom of the recess and provides the side face of the recess. The recess is formed by processing such as dry etching. The semiconductor device, even though the semiconductor substrate is made thinner for the realization of small on-resistance, can maintain the strength of the semiconductor substrate capable of reducing occurrence of a wafer cracking during the manufacturing process.
US07821013B2 Silicon carbide semiconductor device
A silicon carbide semiconductor device includes: a semiconductor substrate including first and second gate layers, a channel layer, a source layer, and a trench; a gate wiring having a first portion and a plurality of second portions; and a source wiring having a third portion and a plurality of fourth portions. The trench extends in a predetermined extending direction. The first portion connects to the first gate layer in the trench, and extends to the extending direction. The second portions protrude perpendicularly to be a comb shape. The third portion extends to the extending direction. The fourth portions protrude perpendicularly to be a comb shape, and electrically connect to the source layer. Each of the second portions connects to the second gate layer through a contact hole.
US07821010B2 Low temperature fabrication of conductive micro structures
A method of fabricating a micro structure includes depositing amorphous silicon over a substrate having an electric circuit at a temperature below 550° C. to form a first structure portion, wherein at least part of the first structure portion is configured to receive an electrical signal from the electric circuit.
US07821009B2 Signal line, a thin film transistor array panel comprising the signal line, and method for manufacturing the same
A thin film transistor array panel includes an insulating substrate, a gate line formed on the insulating substrate, a gate insulating layer formed on the gate line, a drain electrode and a data line having a source electrode formed on the gate insulating layer wherein the drain electrode faces the source electrode with a gap therebetween, and a pixel electrode connected to the drain electrode. At least one of the gate line, the data line, and the drain electrode includes a first conductive layer made of a conductive oxide and a second conductive layer of Ag that is deposited adjacent to the first conductive layer.
US07821008B2 Semiconductor device and manufacturing method thereof
A catalytic element is added to an amorphous semiconductor film and heat treatment is conducted therefor to produce a crystalline semiconductor film with good quality, a TFT (semiconductor device) with a satisfactory characteristic is realized using the crystalline semiconductor film. A semiconductor layer includes a region containing an impurity element which has a concentration of 1×1019/cm3 to 1×1021/cm3 and belongs to group 15 of the periodic table and an impurity element which has a concentration of 1.5×1019/cm3 to 3×1021/cm3 and belongs to group 13 of the periodic table, and the region is a region to which a catalytic element left in the semiconductor film (particularly, the channel forming region) moves.
US07821006B2 Liquid crystal display comprising light sensing TFT having opening in gate electrode
There are provided a TFT, a TFT substrate using the TFT, a method of fabricating the TFT substrate, and an LCD. The TFT includes a source region, a drain region, and a gate electrode having an opening. The opening of the gate electrode is to enhance the light sensing ability of the TFT when it is used as a light sensor, since light is incident into a region where the opening is formed. The TFT including the gate having the opening can be used in a substrate of a flat display or an LCD using such a substrate. The above TFT can sense light incident from outside the display to adjust the brightness of the screen according to the external illumination.
US07821004B2 Semiconductor device and method of manufacturing the same
The present invention improves the aperture ratio of a pixel of a reflection-type display device or a reflection type display device without increasing the number of masks and without using a blackmask. A pixel electrode (167) is arranged so as to partially overlap a source wiring (137) for shielding the gap between pixels from light, and a thin film transistor is arranged so as to partially overlap a gate wiring (166) for shielding a channel region of the thin film transistor from light, thereby realizing a high pixel aperture ratio.
US07821001B2 Organic electronic device
An organic electronic device. The device includes a first electrode to inject or extract hole, the first electrode including a conductive layer and an n-type organic compound layer disposed on the conductive layer, a second electrode to inject or extract electron, a p-type organic compound layer disposed between the n-type organic compound layer and the second electrode. The p-type organic compound layer forms an NP junction between the n-type organic compound layer and the p-type organic compound layer. The energy difference between a lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy of the n-type organic compound layer and a Fermi energy of the conductive layer is about 2 eV or less, and the energy difference between the LUMO energy of the n-type organic compound layer and a highest unoccupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy of the p-type organic compound layer is about 1 eV or less.
US07820997B2 Resistor random access memory cell with reduced active area and reduced contact areas
A memory device has a sidewall insulating member with a sidewall insulating member length according to a first spacer layer thickness. A first electrode formed from a second spacer layer having a first electrode length according to a thickness of a second spacer layer and a second electrode formed from the second spacer layer having a second electrode length according to the thickness of the second spacer layer are formed on sidewalls of the sidewall insulating member. A bridge of memory material having a bridge width extends from a top surface of the first electrode to a top surface of the second electrode across a top surface of the sidewall insulating member, wherein the bridge comprises memory material.
US07820996B2 Nonvolatile memory device made of resistance material and method of fabricating the same
A nonvolatile memory device using a resistance material and a method of fabricating the same are provided. The nonvolatile memory device includes a switching element, and a data storage part electrically connected to the switching element. In the data storage part, a lower electrode is connected to the switching element, and an insulating layer is formed on the lower electrode to a predetermined thickness. The insulating layer has a contact hole exposing the lower electrode. A data storage layer is filled in the contact hole and the data storage layer is formed of transition metal oxide. An upper electrode is formed on the insulating layer and the data storage layer.
US07820992B2 Neutron chopper
A neutron chopper according to the present invention includes a housing which internally forms a sealed space, the housing having window portions through which neutrons pass, a fixed shaft which is fixed inside the housing, a rotor which is rotatably supported by the fixed shaft, the rotor provided with a blocking portion which can block neutrons passing through the housing, and a motor which is provided inside the housing for rotating the rotor of the neutron chopper, where a stator of the motor is fixed to the fixed shaft, and a rotor of the motor receives a rotating force from the stator around the fixed shaft, and is fixed to the rotor of the neutron chopper. The neutron chopper is formed with small size, and neutron guides are easily disposed closely, consequently vacuum leak is hardly occurred in the neutron chopper.
US07820991B2 Radiation source and device
Radiation source for electromagnetic radiation the major effective component of which is in the near-infrared region, in particular in the wavelength region between 0.8 μm and 1.5 μm, to form an elongated irradiation zone, with an elongated halogen lamp comprising a glass body that has a tubular shape with bases at the ends and contains at least one spiral filament, and with an elongated reflector, such that the bases of the halogen lamp are disposed in the region of the reflector surface or behind it with reference to the position of the halogen lamp, wherein the ends of the halogen lamp are bent around toward the reflector and the spiral filaments or at least one of them is made thicker or is more densely wound in the bent region of the glass body, in such a way that the radiation flux density of the radiation source is substantially constant in the long direction of the source, between the outermost points of the bases.
US07820986B2 Techniques for controlling a charged particle beam
Techniques for controlling a charged particle beam are disclosed. In one particular exemplary embodiment, the techniques may be realized as a charged particle acceleration/deceleration system. The charged particle acceleration/deceleration system may comprise an acceleration column. The acceleration column may comprise a plurality of electrodes having apertures through which a charged particle beam may pass. The charged particle acceleration/deceleration system may also comprise a plurality of resistors electrically coupled to the plurality of electrodes. The charged particle acceleration/deceleration system may further comprise a plurality of switches electrically coupled to the plurality of electrodes and the plurality of resistors, each of the plurality of switches may be configured to be selectively switched respectively in a plurality of operation modes.
US07820977B2 Methods and apparatus for improved gamma spectra generation
A method of improving energy determination of a Gamma event which interacts with a segmented scintillation detector, the method comprising: identifying radiation events detected by a detector that are likely not to have deposited their full energy in the detector, based only on characteristics of said detected events; and treating the identified radiation events differently from other radiation events that are likely to have deposited their full energy in the detector.
US07820976B2 Radiation image detector
A radiation image detector with a moisture-proof structure which is formed easily. The radiation image detector includes: a substrate, a rectangular radiation detection unit provided on the substrate, with signal lines drawn out from each of a pair of opposing sides of the radiation detection unit; electrically insulative rib members provided on the substrate and signal lines along only at most three sides of the circumference of the radiation detection unit; and a moisture-proof film applied along the upper faces of the rib members.
US07820974B2 Scintillation detector and method of making
A method of assembling a detector includes conditioning a rare-earth halide scintillator crystal in a sealed container, wherein the conditioning process includes heating the scintillator crystal, reducing the pressure within the sealed container for an evacuation period while heating, and flowing a purging gas through the sealed container for a flowing duration while heating. The method further includes assembling a detector comprising the scintillator crystal in an assembly environment comprising an inert gas.
US07820970B1 Fabrication of thermal microphotonic sensors and sensor arrays
A thermal microphotonic sensor is fabricated on a silicon substrate by etching an opening and a trench into the substrate, and then filling in the opening and trench with silicon oxide which can be deposited or formed by thermally oxidizing a portion of the silicon substrate surrounding the opening and trench. The silicon oxide forms a support post for an optical resonator which is subsequently formed from a layer of silicon nitride, and also forms a base for an optical waveguide formed from the silicon nitride layer. Part of the silicon substrate can be selectively etched away to elevate the waveguide and resonator. The thermal microphotonic sensor, which is useful to detect infrared radiation via a change in the evanescent coupling of light between the waveguide and resonator, can be formed as a single device or as an array.
US07820969B2 Target with thermal imaging system
A target with a thermal imaging system comprising a layer of corrugated plastic, a layer of bifurcated metallic foil, a layer of clear plastic, a wire grid, two strips of carbon tape, a front cover sheet, and a power lead. The layer of bifurcated metallic foil is situated on top of the layer of corrugated plastic. The layer of clear plastic is situated on top of the layer of bifurcated metallic foil. The wire grid is situated on top of the layer of clear plastic. One strip of carbon tape is adhered to the right side of the wire grid, and the other strip of carbon tape is adhered to the left side of the wire grid. The power lead is connected to the carbon tape. The front cover sheet is adhered to the target so that it covers the wire grid and carbon tape.
US07820968B2 Image acquisition apparatus, conversion apparatus and image acquisition method
An image acquisition apparatus acquires an image indicating an intensity distribution of infrared light. The image acquisition apparatus includes a conductive thin film, a dielectric layer placed on the thin film, a base to support the thin film and the dielectric layer in this order on a principal surface, a light source to emit light to an interface between the thin film and the base, and an image pickup device to receive light reflected on the interface between the thin film and the base.
US07820966B2 Mass spectrometer
A mass spectrometer is disclosed comprising a High Pressure Liquid Chromatography system (10) which is interfaced to a combustion chamber (16) and isotope ratio mass analyser (19) by means of an Electrospray Ionisation ion source (11) and a Field Asymmetric Ion Mobility Spectrometry device (13). Analyte and solvent molecules are ionised by the ion source (11). Desired analyte ions are substantially onwardly transmitted by the Field Asymmetric Ion Mobility Spectrometry device (13) to the combustion chamber (16) whereas undesired solvent ions are substantially attenuated by the Field Asymmetric Ion Mobility Spectrometry device (13).
US07820964B2 Method for generation and use of stable isotope patterns in mass spectral data
A composition adapted for mass spectral analysis is disclosed as are methods of its use in mass spectral analyses. A contemplated composition contains a mass spectrally-determinable amount of each of (i) at least one analyte to be assayed and (ii) a standard compound. Each of the molecules of the standard compound contains one or the other of a pair of two stable isotopes of the same element that differ in molecular weight by at least two atomic mass units. Those two isotopes are present in the molecules of the standard compound in a predetermined ratio that is other than the naturally occurring ratio of those isotopes.
US07820954B2 Device for generating a view of a three-dimensional object
A device for reproducing three-dimensional data has a plurality of image points(7) that include a plurality of laser light sources(2), in front of which is arranged a lens(4). Since the laser light sources(2) of an image point(7) radiate in different directions, different images can be projected in different radiation directions(12, 13). Since eyes (10, 11) of an observer perceive different images depending on the viewing direction, a spatial visual impression is produced.
US07820953B2 Microwave oven and radiating structure of microwave in microwave oven
There is provided a microwave oven. In the microwave oven, a screw covering part is protruded toward an inside of a waveguide for an installation of a motor, a convergence preventing part is formed at a portion of a cavity with a shape corresponding to that of the screw covering part and at a location corresponding to that of the screw covering part, and an elevated portion formed by modifying a portion of the cavity in order to uniformly distribute microwave scattered by a stirrer fan. Therefore, the microwave can be distributed more uniformly about the cavity and thereby food can be cooked more evenly and speedily.
US07820952B2 Supportive device for microwave heating and cooking of food
A food supportive device (20) for use in microwave heating or cooking of food (10) including a plurality of food contact areas (21) elevated from and substantially integral to a foundation (28) that enables the support of food directly placed on the contact areas, wherein spaces are formed between the elevated food contact areas (21) and the foundation (28) enable the venting or escape of moisture from the food to prevent the food from going soggy.
US07820950B2 Intrinsically heatable pressure-sensitive adhesive planar structures
The invention relates to a pressure-sensitive supporting material, which can be (intrinsically) heated by an inner heat source, and to the use thereof. The heatable supporting material is characterized in that the supporting material comprises a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer inside of which heat is generated. The pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is a pressure-sensitive adhesive compound, which can be heated by electric current, induction, a chemical reaction or by a physical phase transition. The heatable supporting material has a high heating capacity and is suited for producing pressure-sensitive tapes for adhering heatable mirrors.
US07820945B2 Heating fabric and manufacturing method thereof
Disclosed is a heating fabric comprising a heating fabric element made by weaving woof fibers and warp fibers, a pair of conductive parts being a plain fabric made by a weaving method to extend from one side edge of the heating fabric element, for supplying electric power to the heating fabric element, wherein electrode fibers are woven in rows as warp threads in the conductive parts and a heating fiber is intermittently woven as woof threads at predetermined intervals so as to be conductive with the conductive parts, and wherein the heating fiber is woven in a zigzag pattern on the other side of the plain fabric of the conductive parts, in which one end of the heating fiber is woven into the conductive part, and a portion of the other end of the heating fiber is not woven into the conductive part, thereby forming a jumping portion having a length longer than a width of the conductive part, the jumping portion jumping over the conductive part so as not to be conductive with the conductive part. Due to the one-side arrangement of the conductive parts and the zigzag pattern of the carbon fibers, electromagnetic waves are reduced and offset. Accordingly, the heating fabric is advantageous for a user's health.
US07820943B2 Stick arc welder with low voltage start
A system and method for forming an arc between an electrode and a workpiece is disclosed. The present invention includes a method of initiating an arc that includes comparing voltage across output terminals of a stick welder to a voltage threshold, and if the voltage across the output terminals is less than the voltage threshold, increasing the voltage across the output terminals to an arc formation OCV. The output voltage of the stick welder will be driven to a lower OCV if an arc is not formed between an electrode and a workpiece within a given period of time.
US07820942B1 Automatic leveling fixture
An automatic leveling fixture includes a base, at least one jaw slidably connected to the base, a base plate slidable relative to the base. The at least one jaw has a base plate camming surface engaging the base plate and causing the at least one jaw to move a preselected distance relative to a distance moved by the base plate.
US07820940B2 Laser engraving mechanism and engraving method of using the same
A laser engraving mechanism (100) for engraving a workpiece (16) includes an image receiver (12), an image processor (13), an engraving controller (14), and a laser emitting member (15). The image receiver screens the workpiece to form an image of the workpiece and transforms the image of the workpiece into electronic image signals. The image processor is connected to the image receiver. The image processor saves a group of datum coordinates, forms a group of engraving coordinates according to the electronic image signals, and compares the engraving coordinates with the datum coordinates. The engraving controller is connected to the image processor. The laser emitting member is connected to the engraving controller, and the engraving controller instructs the laser emitting member to engrave the workpiece based on a comparison of results between the engraving coordinates and the datum coordinates.
US07820936B2 Method and apparatus for controlling and adjusting the intensity profile of a laser beam employed in a laser welder for welding polymeric and metallic components
A method and apparatus is provided for forming a fusion bond between two materials such as two components of a catheter. The method begins by forming a bond site by positioning a portion of a first body with respect to a portion of a second body so that a fusion bond site is formed. A laser beam is generated that has an intensity profile across its width. The laser beam is directed onto at least a portion of the first and second bodies within the bond site so that a fusion zone having an increased temperature is formed. After the laser beam is generated, the intensity profile of the laser beam that is directed onto the bond site is controllably adjusted by an optical element such as a dynamically-adjustable beam shaping element.
US07820931B2 Trigger arrangement with feedback response
A device includes a trigger arrangement activating a function of the device. The trigger arrangement includes a trigger mechanism movable between a first position and a second position. The device also includes a feedback mechanism exerting a force biasing the trigger mechanism to the first position. The feedback mechanism produces a tactile feedback response when the trigger mechanism is moved from the first position.
US07820929B2 Electrical interface shield and method
Disclosed herein is an electrical interface shield. The shield includes, a transparent support member having a first end and a second end, a transparent housing hingedly attached at the first end of the transparent support member and latchably engagable with the second end, and at least one brace. The at least one brace has at least one mounting hole therethrough and is removably attached to the transparent support member and the at least one mounting hole is configured to receive a fastener therein for mounting the transparent support member to an electrical interface frame.
US07820928B2 Remote switch actuator
A remote switch actuator assembly includes a handle bar, a first actuator lever mounted to the handle bar, a mounting bracket configured to secure a drill to the handle bar such that a chuck end of the drill faces the handle bar, a second actuator lever secured to the mounting bracket so as to be in proximity with an actuation switch of the drill when the drill is secured by the mounting bracket, and a cable extending between and coupled with the first actuator lever and the second actuator lever. The first actuator lever is movable with respect to the handle bar to effect movement of the cable and corresponding movement of the second actuator lever toward the mounting bracket and the actuation switch of the drill when the drill is secured by the mounting bracket, and movement of the second actuator lever facilitates actuation of the drill secured by the mounting bracket by engaging with the actuation switch of the drill in response to movement of the first actuator lever.
US07820922B2 Electrical offset nipple connector with frustro-conical retaining rings
This disclosure is directed to electrical connectors, and more specifically to various types of electrical connectors, including an offset nipple connector assembly having an integrally formed connector body having opposed end openings provided with an outer surface that slopes downwardly toward the outlet opening and having a complementary sloping or frustro-conical, snap fit, outer, retaining ring with locking tangs for snap locking the end portion of the connector body to an associated electric box or panel, and grounding tangs engaging the inner periphery of a knock out hole of an electric box or panel for effecting a positive electrical ground therebetween.
US07820921B2 Housing for accommodating an electronic component and electronic component arrangement
A housing can accommodate an electronic component. An outer wall of the housing forms a flat contact wall in which contact areas for connecting the housing to an interconnect device are arranged.
US07820920B2 Casing and mounting device
The present application discloses a casing and a corresponding mounting device, for protecting pins of an element from melting during a process flow in which the element is soldered on a circuit board, while saving an area required for soldering the element on the circuit board. The casing comprises a hollow body provided with at least one opening.
US07820917B2 Circuit board
A circuit board includes a plurality of through holes into which a plurality of leads of one electronic devices are inserted and soldered with lead free solder. Among these through holes, the volume of through hole into which the outermost end lead of leads of the electronic device is inserted, is set greater than the volume of through hole, into which the lead at the position nearest to the center of the electronic device is inserted.
US07820915B2 Tinsel wire
A tinsel wire is provided, which has a high mechanical strength as an electric power supplying conductor wire, hardly breaks with respect to a vibration of the diaphragm, has small dynamic resistance even in a vibrating atmosphere, has excellent flexing characteristics, thereby improving quality and reliability as a product, enables a thin designing of a product, and increases the freedom of the designing. The tinsel wire includes an assembled wire which includes a plurality of element wires each including core threads and a metal foil wound up around the core threads, the plurality of the element wires twisted, bundled or woven together constituting the assembled wire, wherein a cross section of the tinsel wire has a shape of a polygon selected from the group consisting of a quadrilateral, pentagon, hexagon and octagon.
US07820912B1 Zero profile while in-use electrical outlet cover
An electrical outlet cover assembly includes an electrical outlet mounting box having a front edge that does not extend beyond a front surface of a wall. An extendable base is coupled with the electrical outlet mounting box and is slideable between collapsed and extended positions. When collapsed, a leading edge of the extendable base does not extend beyond the front surface of the wall. One or more guides resist decoupling of the extendable base and the electrical outlet mounting box. A lid is pivotably coupled with the extendable base, and one of the lid and the extendable base has a cord port along their respective edges. The lid has a front surface and is positionable between open and closed positions. The lid's front surface is substantially flush with the front surface of the wall when the base is collapsed and the lid is closed with respect to the extendable cover.
US07820911B1 Reversible protective cable chute assembly for routing low voltage cables through walls
A reversible protective cable chute assembly for routing low voltage cables through walls. The protective cable chute includes a cover plate with an integral cable shield and a removable panel. The cover plate and panel each include an aperture therein for securing the cable chute assembly to an electrical box or low voltage frame. An alignment device is provided on the removable panel to enable rapid alignment of the panel with either side of the cable chute. An opening and passageway is provided in the cable shield portion of the cover plate for receiving low voltage cables for the purpose of routing them through the wall and into an adjacent room. The removable panel provides a convenient means for adding or removing cables after the initial installation.
US07820910B1 Adapter for electrical outlet cover
An electrical device cover with a lid coupled to a base assembly including an adapter that couples to the base through sliding lateral to the opening in the base. Particular implementations of an adapter include adapters with “L-” or other-shaped engagement tabs and adapters including straight, flat or pin-shaped engagement tabs. In particular implementations using an engagement tab, the adapter may be moved toward the base either before or after sliding parallel to the base surface, and thus engages with the base. In other implementations, the adapter is simply slid parallel to the base surface to engage with the base.
US07820906B2 Photovoltaic receiver
A solar receiver can have a base plate having a first surface and a second surface, a plurality of solar cells positioned over and supported by the first surface of the base plate, each solar cell having a cell face suitable for receiving solar radiation that faces away from the base plate, the plurality of solar cells being arranged in at least one string having a string axis, and a plurality of fins attached directly to the second surface of the base plate, wherein the fins extend outwardly from the second surface of the base plate in a direction that is generally perpendicular to both the string axis and the solar cell faces.
US07820892B1 Maize variety PHF0D
A novel maize variety designated PHF0D and seed, plants and plant parts thereof. Methods for producing a maize plant that comprise crossing maize variety PHF0D with another maize plant. Methods for producing a maize plant containing in its genetic material one or more traits introgressed into PHF0D through backcross conversion and/or transformation, and to the maize seed, plant and plant part produced thereby. Hybrid maize seed, plant or plant part produced by crossing the variety PHF0D or a trait conversion of PHF0D with another maize variety. Inbred maize varieties derived from maize variety PHF0D, methods for producing other inbred maize varieties derived from maize variety PHF0D and the inbred maize varieties and their parts derived by the use of those methods.
US07820888B2 Cotton variety MCS0701B2RF
The invention relates to the novel cotton variety designated MCS0701B2RF. Provided by the invention are the seeds, plants, plant parts and derivatives of the cotton variety MCS0701B2RF. Also provided by the invention are tissue cultures of the cotton variety MCS0701B2RF and the plants regenerated therefrom. Still further provided by the invention are methods for producing cotton plants by crossing the cotton variety MCS0701B2RF with itself or another cotton variety and plants produced by such methods.
US07820885B1 Soybean variety XB25U08
According to the invention, there is provided a novel soybean variety designated XB25U08. This invention thus relates to the seeds of soybean variety XB25U08, to the plants of soybean XB25U08 to plant parts of soybean variety XB25U08 and to methods for producing a soybean plant produced by crossing plants of the soybean variety XB25U08 with another soybean plant, using XB25U08 as either the male or the female parent.
US07820883B2 Resistance to auxinic herbicides
The invention provides methods of identifying herbicidal auxins. The invention further provides auxin-herbicide-resistant plants and genes conferring auxin-herbicide resistance. This invention also provides a method of identifying other proteins that bind picolinate auxins from additional plant species. The invention further provides a method to identify the molecular binding site for picolinate auxins. The invention also includes the use of the picolinate herbicidal auxin target site proteins, and methods of discovering new compounds with herbicidal or plant growth regulatory activity. The invention also includes methods for producing plants that are resistant to picolinate herbicidal auxins. Specific examples of novel proteins associated with herbicide binding include AFB5, AFB4, and SGT1b.
US07820882B2 NAC from wheat for increasing grain protein content
The present invention provides wheat NAC nucleic acids and proteins that modulate grain protein content and senescence in plants. Overexpression of a NAC coding sequence can accelerate senescence and increase grain protein content and inhibition of expression can delay senescence. The invention also provides methods of using the nucleic acids to produce transgenic plants with altered grain protein content or senescence.
US07820877B2 Transgenic mammals having human IG loci including plural Vh and Vk regions and antibodies produced therefrom
The present invention relates to transgenic non-human animals that are engineered to contain human immunoglobulin gene loci. In particular, animals in accordance with the invention possess human Ig loci that include plural variable (VH and Vκ) gene regions. Advantageously, the inclusion of plural variable region genes enhances the specificity and diversity of human antibodies produced by the animal. Further, the inclusion of such regions enhances and reconstitutes B-cell development to the animals, such that the animals possess abundant mature B-cells secreting extremely high affinity antibodies.
US07820875B2 Disposable absorbent articles being adaptable to wearer's anatomy
Absorbent articles having a liquid permeable topsheet, a liquid impermeable backsheet, and an absorbent core disposed between said topsheet and said backsheet are disclosed. The backsheet has a physical variation along at least one axis, wherein said physical variation defines a first backsheet zone and a second backsheet zone, and at least one elastomeric element having at least one primary direction of stretch, said elastomeric element at least partially overlapping and joined to first and/or second backsheet zone, wherein a relaxed pathlength of said elastomeric element in the primary direction of stretch is less than a total pathlength of said backsheet in the region of overlap. The physical variation is a measurable difference as measured by a physical property selected from the group consisting of basis weight, thickness and density.
US07820870B2 Apparatus, system and method for facilitating transfer of high level radioactive waste to and/or from a pool
A method, apparatus and system for the transferring a container for receiving high level radioactive waste into and/or out of a pool. The instant invention utilizes a specially designed container in order to make effective use of a stand placed within the pool. In one embodiment, the invention is a system for transferring high level radioactive waste comprising: a container for receiving high level radioactive waste, the container having a support structure; a stand comprising a cavity for receiving the container and an opening forming a passageway into the cavity; wherein the support structure is sized, shaped and/or arranged so that: (i) when the container is substantially vertically oriented in a first rotational position, the support structure can not pass through the opening due to contact between the support structure and the stand; and (ii) when the substantially vertically oriented container is rotated an angle about a vertical axis to a second rotational position, the support structure can pass through the opening in an unobstructed manner.
US07820863B2 Process for purifying Mesotrione
A process for reducing the levels of undesirable impurities in a mesotrione sample is disclosed, said process comprising the steps of: (i) forming a mesotrione enolate solution in an aqueous solvent, (ii) carrying out one or more purification processes, and (iii) crystallizing the purified mesotrione out of solution.
US07820862B2 Ligand, method for producing the same, and catalyst using the ligand
Disclosed is a novel asymmetric ligand which can be synthesized by a short process at low cost and is capable of exhibiting higher catalytic activity and enantioselectivity than the conventional ligands derived from sugars. Also disclosed are a method for producing such an asymmetric ligand, and a catalyst using such an asymmetric ligand. Specifically disclosed is a ligand represented by the general formula I below or the like. (In the formula, R1 and R2 independently represent 0-5 substituents; X represents P, As or N; m represents an integer of 0-7; n represents an integer of 0-3; A1-A4 independently represent hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, benzoyl or acetyl, or alternatively A2 and A3 combine together to form a ring.)
US07820855B2 Method and apparatus for carbonylating methanol with acetic acid enriched flash stream
A carbonylation process for producing acetic acid including: (a) carbonylating methanol or its reactive derivatives in the presence of a Group VIII metal catalyst and methyl iodide promoter to produce a liquid reaction mixture including acetic acid, water, methyl acetate and methyl iodide; (b) feeding the liquid reaction mixture at a feed temperature to a flash vessel which is maintained at a reduced pressure; (c) heating the flash vessel while concurrently flashing the reaction mixture to produce a crude product vapor stream, wherein the reaction mixture is selected and the flow rate of the reaction mixture fed to the flash vessel as well as the amount of heat supplied to the flash vessel is controlled such that the temperature of the crude product vapor stream is maintained at a temperature less than 90° F. cooler than the feed temperature of the liquid reaction mixture to the flasher and the concentration of acetic acid in the crude product vapor stream is greater than 70% by weight of the crude product vapor stream.
US07820850B2 Phosphorus-containing mixtures, a process for their preparation and their use
The invention relates to phosphorus-containing mixtures, containing compounds of formula RO—PO(A)-CH2—CH2—CO2H and  (I) HO—PO(A)-CH2—CH2—CO2R,  (II) wherein A means C1-C18-Alkyl, C6-C18-Alkylaryl, C6-C18-Aralkyl or Aryl, R (D,E)C═C(B, R5) or H and B, D, E each H or C1-C18-Alkyl R5 C1-C20-(—CO—O-Hydroxyalkylen) a process for making these mixtures and their use.
US07820840B2 Epoxidation catalyst and process
Disclosed herein is a catalytic method of converting alkenes to epoxides. This method generally includes reacting alkenes with oxygen in the presence of a specific silver catalyst under conditions suitable to produce a yield of the epoxides. The specific silver catalyst is a silver nanocrystal having a plurality of surface planes, a substantial portion of which is defined by Miller indices of (100). The reaction is performed by charging a suitable reactor with this silver catalyst and then feeding the reactants to the reactor under conditions to carry out the reaction. The reaction may be performed in batch, or as a continuous process that employs a recycle of any unreacted alkenes. The specific silver catalyst has unexpectedly high selectivity for epoxide products. Consequently, this general method (and its various embodiments) will result in extraordinarily high epoxide yields heretofore unattainable.
US07820839B2 Taxoid-fatty acid conjugates and pharmaceutical compositions thereof
The invention relates to a second-generation-fatty acid conjugate and pharmaceutical compositions thereof. The second-generation-fatty acid conjugate are useful in the treatment of cancer in a human in need thereof.
US07820835B2 Method for producing flavan derivatives
The present invention provides a method for producing flavan derivatives having various substituent groups with controlling the stereochemistry. The method of the present invention includes the steps of: hydratively condensing a phenol compound expressed by formula (I) and an alcohol compound expressed by formula (II) to from an epoxide compound of formula (III); opening the epoxy ring of the epoxide compound of formula (III) to form an iodine-containing compound of formula (IV); and cyclizing the iodine-containing compound to form the flavan derivative of formula (V).
US07820833B2 Dithio compounds
Disclosed herein are dithio compounds that include at least one fluorophore. The compounds additionally may include a different fluorophore or a non-fluorophore. The dithio compounds may be used as reagents for detecting thiol-containing compounds.
US07820832B2 Oxidized mixed cyclic phenol sulfides, and charge control agents and toners using the same
The present invention discloses an oxidized mixed cyclic phenol sulfide which is a mixture of the oxidized cyclic phenol sulfide wherein m is 8 and the oxidized cyclic phenol sulfide wherein m is an integer other than 8, the oxidized cyclic phenol sulfide being represented by the following formula (1): wherein R is a straight or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, m is an integer from 4 to 9, and n is 1 or 2; or an oxidized cyclic phenol sulfide of formula (1) wherein m is 8. The present invention also discloses a charge control agent which comprises the above sulfide(s) as the active ingredient; and a toner which comprises the charge control agent, a coloring agent and a binder resin. This charge control agent is particularly useful for color toners, and it speeds up charging risetime, and has a high charge amount and charging characteristics excellent in environmental stability. Further, the charge control agent is safe since it does not have any problem with the waste regulations.
US07820831B2 Compounds comprising a thiocarbonyl-sulfanyl group which can be used for the radical synthesis of α-perfluoroalkylamine compounds
The invention relates to compounds having the general formula (I), the method of preparation thereof and the use thereof in organic radical synthesis. The invention also relates to compounds having the formula (II), the method of preparation thereof and a method for preparing compounds having the formula (VIII).
US07820830B2 Process for the production of carboxanilides
The present invention relates to a novel process for the preparation of a compound of general formula (I): wherein R1 is H or C1-4 alkyl and R2 is difluoromethyl or trifluoromethyl, which comprises reacting a compound of general formula (II): wherein R1 has the meaning given above and X is chloro or bromo, with a compound of general formula (III): wherein R2 has the meaning given above, in the presence of a base, a palladium catalyst and a ferrocenyl biphoshine ligand of the Josiphos type, the reaction being carried out in an ether solvent at a reflux temperature of at least 100° C.
US07820826B2 Synthesis and regioselective substitution of 6-halo-and 6-alkoxy nicotine derivatives
The present invention provides active compounds for modulating nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and methods of making the same. The methods of preparing the active compounds utilize different intermediate compounds.
US07820824B2 Modified carbocyanine dyes and their conjugates
Chemically reactive carbocyanine dyes incorporating an indolium ring moiety that is substituted at the 3-position by a reactive group or by a conjugated substance, and their uses, are described. Conjugation through this position results in spectral properties that are uniformly superior to those of conjugates of spectrally similar dyes wherein attachment is at a different position. The invention includes derivative compounds having one or more benzo nitrogens.
US07820823B2 Dual action antibiotics
The present invention relates to compounds of the Formula (I) that are useful antimicrobial agents and effective against a variety of multi-drug resistant bacteria.
US07820822B2 Metal complexes
The present invention describes new types of metal complexes. Such compounds can be used as functional materials in a series of different types of applications which can be classified within the electronics industry in the widest sense.The inventive compounds are described by the formulae (1) and (4).
US07820820B2 Method of preparation of azaindole derivatives
A method of preparing azaindole compounds for antiviral use having the formula
US07820815B2 Process for the preparation of chiral 8-(-3-aminopiperidin-1-yl) xanthines
The invention relates to an improved process for preparing enantiomerically pure 8-(3-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-xanthines. The process involves reacting a compound of the formula (III) with 3-(phthalimido)piperidine or an enantiomer thereof where X is a leaving group selected from halogens and sulphonic ester acid residues, and R1 to R3 are as defined herein, to obtain a compound of the formula (II) and deprotecting the obtained compound of the formula (II) to obtain the product xanthines.
US07820814B2 Inhibitors of kinases
The present invention provides compounds of formula I, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. The formula I compounds inhibit the tyrosine kinase activity of growth factor receptors such as VEGFR-2 and FGFR-1, thereby making them useful as anti-cancer agents. The formula I compounds are also useful for the treatment of other diseases associated with signal transduction pathways operating through growth factor receptors.
US07820810B2 Process for the synthesis of 2′-O-substituted purine nulceosides
The present invention provides an improved process for the synthesis of 2′-O-substituted purine nucleosides. The process includes anhydro or thioanhydro ring opening of a selected 8,2′-cyclopurine nucleoside with a weak nucleophile in the presence of a Lewis acid ester, followed by reduction to afford the desired 2′-O-substituted purine nucleoside.
US07820805B2 Sulfotransferase 2B1 pharmacogenetics
Isolated sulfotransferase nucleic acid molecules that include a nucleotide sequence variant and nucleotides flanking the sequence variant are described, as are sulfotransferase allozymes. Methods for determining the sulfonator status of a subject also are described. In addition, methods for predicting the therapeutic efficacy of a compound in a subject are described, as are methods for estimating the dose of a compound to be administered to a subject.
US07820789B2 Mutant pneumolysin proteins
The invention relates to immunogenic compositions comprising mutant Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumolysin proteins. The invention further relates to such proteins and nucleic acids encoding these proteins. In particular embodiments, the invention is directed to an isolated mutant pneumolysin (PLY) protein, wherein the mutant PLY protein differs from the wild-type PLY protein of SEQ ID NO:1 presence of a mutation within the region of amino acids 144 to 161 of the wild type such that the toxicity of the mutant is reduced relative to that of the wild-type protein. In particular embodiments, the mutant PLY protein differs from the wild-type protein by the substitution or deletion of amino acids including the deletion of two adjacent amino acids within the region of amino acids 144 to 151 of the wild-type sequence.
US07820788B2 Compositions and methods of delivery of pharmacological agents
The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising a pharmaceutical agent and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, which carrier comprises a protein, for example, human serum albumin and/or deferoxamine. The human serum albumin is present in an amount effective to reduce one or more side effects associated with administration of the pharmaceutical composition. The invention also provides methods for reducing one or more side effects of administration of the pharmaceutical composition, methods for inhibiting microbial growth and oxidation in the pharmaceutical composition, and methods for enhancing transport and binding of a pharmaceutical agent to a cell.
US07820778B2 Light guide member and illumination unit
Disclosed is a light guide member which includes a polycarbonate copolymer having a repeating unit represented by the formula (I) and a repeating unit represented by the formula (II), which is thin, and which is free from thermal degradation (yellowing) or deterioration in properties caused by the generation of a gas, such as a light guide plate formed of a polycarbonate material. Also disclosed is an illumination unit using the light guide member.
US07820775B2 Tetrafluoroethylene polymer and aqueous dispersion thereof
The invention provides a TFE polymer capable of providing stretched materials excellent in membrane homogeneity. The present invention is related to a tetrafluoroethylene polymer having stretchability and non-melt-processability and having a standard specific gravity of 2.140 to 2.165, wherein, with regard to the heat-of-fusion curve obtained by subjecting the tetrafluoroethylene polymer in the form of an unbaked polymer to be measured having no history of being heated to a temperature of 300° C. or higher to differential scanning calorimetry at a programming rate of 2° C./minute, the ratio S2/S1 is not lower than 0.90.
US07820772B2 Hardener for epoxy resin and epoxy resin composition
An amine hardener for epoxy resins which comprises an amine adduct (A) and a low-molecular amine compound (B) as major components, wherein the molecular weight distribution of the amine adduct (A), which is defined by the ratio of the weight-average molecular weight to the number-average molecular weight, is 3 or lower and the low-molecular amine compound (B) is contained in an amount of 0.001 to 1 part by mass per 100 parts by mass of the amine adduct (A).
US07820769B2 Polymer for use in conduits, medical devices and biomedical surface modification
A copolymer comprising (a) one or more pendant group segments and (b) one or more polyol segments, each of said segments being linked to one or more further segments which may be the same or different,wherein said one or more pendant group segments are the same or different and are selected from: (i) siloxane segments; (ii) segments containing phosphoryl choline or a derivative or analogue thereof; (iii) segments containing a di- or trifluoromethyl group; (iv) heparin-like segments containing a group of formula (XII) D-N═N—Ar—SO3−  (XII) wherein D is an aliphatic or aromatic group and Ar—SO3− comprises one or more linked aryl and/or heteroaryl groups, at least one of the aryl and/or heteroaryl groups having an SO3− substituent; and (v) segments containing a group of formula (I) [P]n′-[Lys]n-Lys-[Spacer]-Lys-[Al]x  (I) wherein: [Al] is an inert amino acid; x is 0, 1, 2 or 3; [Spacer] is a fatty acid, amino acid, peptide or PEG; [P]n′-[Lys]n is a dendritic structure formed from n lysine groups and terminating in n′ groups P; n is an integer of from 1 to 15; n′ is zero or an integer of up to 16; and each P is the same or different and is an amino acid or a peptide having up to 25 amino acids, and wherein at least a part of each of said pendant group segment(s) is on a side chain of the copolymer. The copolymer is useful in the production of implantable devices such as vascular grafts.
US07820766B2 Branched acetylene-containing poly(alkylene oxides, oxyethylated polyols or olefinic alcohols)
The invention provides water-soluble compounds that include a polymer and at least one terminal azide or acetylene moiety. Also provided are highly efficient methods for the selective modification of proteins with PEG derivatives, which involves the selective incorporation of non-genetically encoded amino acids, e.g., those amino acids containing an azide or acetylene moiety, into proteins in response to a selector codon and the subsequent modification of those amino acids with a suitably reactive PEG derivative.
US07820763B2 Rubber composition and golf ball including the same as rubber base material
A rubber composition comprises a rubber component. The rubber component contains (A) 1-70 weight parts of polybutadiene rubber having a Mooney viscosity (ML) of 35-50 and composed of (a) 1-9 weight % of a boiled n-hexane insoluble fraction having a melting point of 180° C. or higher and (b) 99-91 weight % of a boiled n-hexane soluble fraction. The rubber component also contains (B) 99-30 weight parts of diene-based rubber other than (A). A crosslinking coagent (C) is mixed in the rubber component.
US07820761B2 Metallized nanostructured chemicals as cure promoters
Metallized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes and metallized polyhedral oligomeric silicates are used as cure promoters, catalysts, and alloying agents for the reinforcement of polymer microstructures, including polymer coils, domains, chains, and segments, at the molecular level. Because of their tailorable compatibility with polymers, polyhedral oligomeric metallosesquioxanes (POMS) can be readily and selectively incorporated into polymers by common mixing processes.
US07820759B2 Micellar preparation containing sparingly water-soluble anticancer agent and novel block copolymer
A novel micellar preparation in which the solubility of a sparingly water-soluble anticancer agent has been heightened and which after intravenous administration, enables a high blood concentration to be maintained. The preparation has high medicinal activity and/or is reduced in side effects. The micellar preparation is formed from a block copolymer represented by the following general formula (1): [wherein R1 represents hydrogen or C1-5 alkyl; R2 represents C1-5 alkylene; R3 represents methylene or ethylene; R4 represents hydrogen or C1-4 acyl; R5 represents hydroxyl, optionally substituted aryl C2-8 alkoxyl, substituted C1-4 alkylamino, or amino having a residue of either an amino acid or a peptide derivative; n is an integer of 5 to 1,000; m is an integer of 2 to 300; and x is an integer of 1 to 300; provided that the proportion of hydroxy in the R5's is 0 to 99% and x is not larger than m] and a sparingly water-soluble anticancer agent.
US07820756B2 Polymeric composition suitable for manufacturing heat sealable films or sheets
A polymeric composition suitable for manufacturing heat sealable films or sheets comprising, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) to the extent of about 80% to 95% by mass of the total composition; a polymer additive for lowering the melting point of the composition selected from Polyethylene Naphthalate (PEN), Polytrimethylene Naphthalate (PTN), in-situ formed Polyethylene Naphthalate (PEN) and in situ formed Polytrimethylene Naphthalate (PTN) to the extent of about 20% to 5% by mass of the total composition; a nucleating agent to the extent of about 200 to 1500 ppm by mass of the composition; a polycondensation catalyst to the extent of about 30 to 300 ppm by mass of the composition; a clear fast reheat (CFRH) additive to the extent of about 10 to 30 ppm by mass of the composition; a color toner to the extent of about 0.75 to 25 ppm by mass of the composition; and a heat stabilizer to the extent of about 20 to 55 ppm by mass of the composition.
US07820755B2 Resin based fluorescent paint
A resin based fluorescent paint with decreased drying time and improved fluorescent durability is formulated from a resin present in a concentration of about 55 percent to about 65 percent, by weight, an active solvent, for and compatible with the resin, present in a concentration of about 5 percent to about 10 percent, by weight, a gelative additive present in a concentration of about 1 percent to about 5 percent, by weight, a rheological additive present in a concentration of about 1 percent to about 5 percent, by weight, an anti-skinning additive present in a concentration of about 1 percent to about 5 percent, by weight, a fluorescent pigment present in a concentration of about 20 percent to about 30 percent, by weight, a synthetic drier in a concentration of less than 1 percent, by weight, and a wetting agent in a concentration of about less than 1 percent, by weight. The paint of the present invention is particularly suited for the purpose of detection of vibration loosening or tampering.
US07820752B2 Use of charged amphiphilic statistic polymers for thickening phase comprising giant micelles of surfactants and aqueous composition comprising same
The invention concerns the use as thickening agent of an aqueous composition comprising at least 5 wt. % of one or several phase-organized surfactant(s) comprising giant micelles whereof the average length represents at least four times the mean diameter, of at least a charged statistic amphiphilic polymer soluble in the aqueous composition, said amphiphilic polymer being used in a content such that the viscosity of the aqueous composition comprising the amphiphilic polymer is at least three times higher than that of the composition without amphiphilic polymer and than that of an aqueous composition comprising only the amphiphilic polymer. The invention also concerns aqueous compositions comprising said amphiphilic polymer, and are particularly designed for cosmetic uses.
US07820751B2 Rubber composition for pneumatic tire
A rubber composition for a pneumatic tire containing 100 parts by weight of a diene-based rubber and 5 to 120 parts by weight of carbon black having a particle size of 15 to 40 nm, a nitrogen absorption specific surface area N2SA of 60 to 200 m2/g, and a pH of 1 to 5 or 8.5 to 13, which can improve wet performance of a tire without causing problems in productivity and conductivity.
US07820743B2 Process for preparing bitumen/asphalt bale
A process for preparing bitumen bale for clean, safe, eco-friendly and cost-effective packing, storing and transporting of viscous bitumen products and the products thereof is delineated in the present disclosure. The bituminous products are introduced into a baling process line. The cooling efficiency is enhanced by utilizing the process. Viscous bitumen products are made in the form of spiral bitumen bale. “BituBale Film capsules” are produced by the process. Polymer additives are added to bitumen/asphalt, by the process, to enhance the durability and to get good gripping surfaces. The process enhances the homogenous nature of the products. The process for preparing bitumen bale for clean, safe, eco-friendly and cost-effective packing, storing and transporting of viscous bitumen products is a clean, safe, environmentally friendly and cost effective method.
US07820739B2 Modified asphalt binders and asphalt paving compositions
A method for forming a modified asphalt binder composition, the method comprising preparing a phosphorus pentasulfide-binder concentrate by introducing and mixing phosphorus pentasulfide and asphalt binder, where the phosphorus pentasulfide-binder concentrate includes greater than 0.5 parts by weight phosphorus pentasulfide per 100 parts by weight asphalt, preparing a polymer-binder concentrate by introducing and mixing polymer and asphalt binder, where the polymer-binder concentrate includes greater than 5 parts by weight polymer per 100 parts by weight asphalt, and introducing and mixing the phosphorus pentasulfide-binder concentrate with the polymer-binder concentrate to form a modified asphalt binder composition, where the phosphorus pentasulfide includes a blend of P4S10 and P4S9.
US07820738B2 Method for producing polymer powders that can be easily redispersed in water
A process for the preparation of a readily water-redispersible polymer powder by spray drying of an aqueous polymer dispersion in the presence of a novel spray drying assistant.
US07820737B2 Method of producing hybrid polymer-inorganic materials
The present invention describes a new approach to producing hybrid composite materials with multiscale morphologies. We doped polymer submicrometer spheres with semiconductor or metal (e.g. CdS or Ag, respectively) nanoparticles and used these doped microspheres as the functional building blocks in production of hybrid periodically structured materials. The preparation of hybrid polymer particles included the following stages: (i) synthesis of monodisperse polymer microspheres, (ii) in-situ synthesis of the inorganic nanoparticles either on the surface, or in the bulk of the polymer beads, and (iii) encapsulation of hybrid microspheres with a hydrophobic shell. We demonstrated that by changing the composition of the polymer beads good control could be achieved over the size of the nanoparticles.
US07820736B2 Intumescing, multi-component epoxide resin-coating composition for fire protection and its use
An intumescing, multi-component epoxide resin coating composition for fire protection with a component (A), which contains at least one epoxide resin and at least one vinyl ester, a curing agent component (B), which contains at least one curing agent for the epoxide resin, and an intumesing component (C), which contains at least one acid constituent, at least one source of carbon and at least one gas-forming agent, components (A) and (B) being kept separate from one another to prevent reaction and reacting with one another with polymerization only while being mixed, as well as the use of this coating composition for providing steel construction elements with a fire protection coating.
US07820733B2 Dental polymerizable core build-up material of separately packed type
The invention provides a divided type dental polymeric core build-up material including a first paste (A) and a second paste (B), in which each of the pastes is a paste obtained by mixing at least a (meth)acrylate monomer, a filler having a particle size distribution within a range of 0.1 through 40 μm and an average particle diameter of 0.7 through 10 μm, and a fine particle filler having an average particle diameter of primary particles of 0.001 through 0.050 μm, and having a viscosity at 25° C. of 280 through 470 P, and in which one of the pastes includes an oxidant and the other includes a reductant and at least one of the pastes includes a photopolymerization catalyst. The divided type dental polymeric core build-up material of this invention has high operability in core build-up and forms a polymerically cured substance with a good mechanical property.
US07820729B2 Process for preparing a functionalised polyHIPE polymer
A process for preparing functionalised microporous polymers (which are also known as micro-cellular polymers or polyHIPE polymers (PHPs)) using intensified internal heating (for example by microwave irradiation).
US07820728B2 Methods and systems for recycling carpet and carpets manufactured from recycled material
The present invention pertains to carpet and methods of making and recycling carpet. In one aspect, the carpet includes: a primary backing which has a face and a back surface; a plurality of fibers attached to the primary backing and extending from the face of the primary backing and exposed at the back surface of the primary backing; an adhesive composition backing; and an optional secondary backing adjacent to the adhesive backing. The method of making carpet includes extrusion coating the adhesive composition onto the back surface of a primary backing to form the adhesive composition backing. The method of recycling carpet can recover one or more polymeric carpet components.
US07820726B2 Removal of carbon dioxide from a gas stream
A process for the production of normally gaseous, normally liquid and optionally normally solid hydrocarbons from a light hydrocarbonaceous feed gas stream, which feed gas stream includes sulphur compounds and carbon dioxide, the process comprising the steps of: (i) removing at least most of the sulphur compounds from the feed gas stream by an aqueous amine process in one or more reactors, optionally followed by on or more further treatment processes; (ii) controlling where necessary the amount of carbon dioxide in the feed gas stream in step (i) so as to be in the range 0.25-2.0 v/v&, preferably 0.5-1.5 v/v %, of the processed feed stream; (iii) using the feed gas stream of step (ii) to provide synthesis gas; and (iv) catalytic converting the synthesis gas of step (iii) at an elevated temperature and pressure to obtain the normally gaseous, normally liquid and optionally normally solid hydrocarbons.
US07820725B2 Integrated microchannel synthesis and separation
A process for carrying out at least two unit operations in series, the process comprising the step of: (a) directing a feed stream into an integrated assembly which comprises a first microchannel unit operation upon at least one chemical of the feed stream to generate a distributed output stream that exits the first microchannel unit operation in a first set of discrete microchannels isolating flow through the discrete microchannels; and (b) directing the distributed output stream of the first microchannel unit operation into a second microchannel unit operation as a distributed input stream, to continue isolating flow between the first set of discrete microchannels, and conducting at least one operation upon at least one chemical of the input stream to generate a product stream that exits the second microchannel unit operation, where the first microchannel unit operation and the second unit operation share a housing.
US07820724B2 Colloidal titanium dioxide sols
Stable, translucent or transparent titanium dioxide sols comprising amorphous titanium dioxide and an organic peptizing agent are provided that are useful in particulate binding applications. Also provided are methods for preparing the inventive sols. The inventive sols are prepared from titanium dioxide precursors including organotitanium compounds and water-soluble titanium salts that are treated to precipitate amorphous titanium dioxide. The amorphous titanium dioxide is re-dispersed and peptized to form a translucent or transparent mixture. The inventive sols are stable for an extended period of time.
US07820722B2 Permeation enhancers
A pharmaceutical composition comprising a drug and a permeation enhancer that comprises a multi-carbon backbone having a functional group and also one or more side chains which have one or more carbon atoms and, optionally, one or more functional groups.
US07820717B2 CCR9 inhibitors and methods of use thereof
The invention relates to compounds represented by Structural Formula I, which can bind to CCR9 receptors and block the binding of a ligand (e.g., TECK) to the receptors. The invention also relates to a method of inhibiting a function of CCR9, and to the use compounds represented by Structural Formula I in research, therapeutic, prophylactic and diagnostic methods.
US07820716B2 Crystalline polymorphs of desvenlafaxine succinate and their preparations
The present invention is directed to two new polymorph Form V and Form F of desvenlafaxine succinate, to processes of their preparations, pharmaceutical composition comprising such materials and their use in therapy. Form V is prepared from recrystallizing desvenlafaxine succinate in a mixture of tetrahydrofuran and ethanol. Form F is obtained from recrystallization of desvenlafaxine succinate in a mixture of cyclohexane and polar solvents such as ethanol, THF, methanol or isopropyl alcohol.
US07820715B2 Crystal comprising (2R)-2-propyloctanoic acid and amine
Crystals comprising (2R)-2-propyloctoic acid and an amine which retain the pharmacological effect of (2R)-2-propyloctoic acid and can be safely used as a medicinal raw drug for peroral solid preparations. Of these crystals, the crystals especially with dibenzylamine are advantageous because not only the crystals themselves are useful as a medicinal raw drug but also use of the crystals as an intermediate can yield (2R)-2-propyloctoic acid having an optical purity exceeding 99.5% e.e., which has not been obtained hitherto.
US07820712B2 Uses of ion channel modulating compounds
Methods, formulations, dosing regimes, and routes of administration for the treatment or prevention of arrhythmias, including the treatment or prevention of atrial fibrillation. In these methods, the disease or condition is treated or prevented by administering one or more ion channel modulating compounds to a subject, where the ion channel modulating compound or compounds produce specific plasma levels in the subject. The ion channel modulating compounds may be cycloalkylamine ether compounds, particularly cyclohexylamine ether compounds.
US07820711B2 Uses of selective inhibitors of HDAC8 for treatment of T-cell proliferative disorders
Described herein are methods for treating a subject suffering from a T-cell lymphoma by administering to the subject a pharmaceutical composition containing a therapeutically effective amount of a selective inhibitor of histone deacetylase 8. Also described herein are methods for treating a subject suffering from a T-cell lymphoma by administering to the subject a population of autologous T-cells that have been exposed to a selective HDAC8 inhibitor composition ex vivo.
US07820703B2 Lysophosphatidic acid receptor selective antagonists
The present invention is directed to compositions comprising lysophosphatidic acid analogs and methods of using such analogs as agonist or antagonists of LPA receptor activity. In addition the invention is directed to LPA receptor agonists that vary in the degree of selectivity at individual LPA receptors (i.e. LPA1, LPA2 and LPA3). More particularly the present invention is directed to LPA analogs wherein the glycerol is replaced with ethanolamine and a variety of substitutions have been linked at the second carbon atom.
US07820696B2 Compounds and methods for controlling fungi, bacteria and insects
The present invention includes compounds of pyridinium salts and methods of their use for industrial uses. The present invention also relates to methods of controlling fungi and/or bacteria. The present invention may also be used to control insects.
US07820695B2 Selective serotonin receptor inverse agonists as therapeutics for disease
Disclosed herein are pharmaceutical compositions comprising an inverse serotonin receptor agonist or a serotonin receptor antagonist and an anti-psychotic agent. Disclosed herein are also methods of treating psychotic disorders using the disclosed pharmaceutical compositions.
US07820693B2 1-(2H)-isoquinolone derivative
The present invention provides a compound having high antitumor activity, which is useful for therapeutic and preventive agents effective for proliferative diseases such as cancer; a production method thereof; an intermediate compound useful for such production; and a pharmaceutical composition comprising such a compound. The present invention provides a compound represented by the formula (1): wherein X represents an aryl group or heteroaryl group which may be substituted, Cy represents a 4- to 7-membered monocyclic heterocyclic ring or a 8- to 10-membered condensed heterocyclic ring which may be substituted, and Z represents O, S, or NRa; or a prodrug thereof; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; and a pharmaceutical and a pharmaceutical composition which comprise the compound.
US07820691B2 Indoloquinoline compounds as calcium channel blockers
Various calcium channel blockers and pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds are disclosed. Calcium channel blockers are compounds capable of inhibiting calcium ion channels. Methods for preparing calcium channel blockers and their use as calcium channel antagonists are also disclosed.
US07820689B2 Methods and compositions for preventing or treating cardiovascular disease
The present invention relates to a method for preventing or treating a cardiovascular disease.
US07820688B2 Topical anesthetic/opioid formulations and uses thereof
Many chemical and pharmaceutical compositions are known to produce antinociceptive effects that are helpful in relieving pain and inflammation. Both opioids and local anesthetics serve an important function in providing peripheral pain relief. Topical administration of pain-relieving drugs to the periphery offers important advantages over systemic or local, non-topical administration. The present invention provides topical pharmaceutical compositions, formulated with at least one local anesthetic and at least one opioid analgesic in a topical excipient. The present invention also provides methods for relieving pain in a subject through topical administration of the pharmaceutical composition in an amount and a duration sufficient to synergistically potentiate an antinociceptive response. Synergistic potentiation of analgesia through topical administration of a local anesthetic/opioid pharmaceutical composition provides a new and improved approach to peripheral pain management.
US07820687B2 Pyrimidinyl sulfonamide compounds which inhibit leukocyte adhesion mediated by VLA-4
Disclosed are compounds, which bind VLA-4. Certain of these compounds also inhibit leukocyte adhesion and, in particular, leukocyte adhesion mediated by VLA-4. Such compounds are useful in the treatment of inflammatory diseases in a human or animal subject such as asthma, Alzheimer's disease, atherosclerosis, AIDS dementia, diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, tissue transplantation, tumor metastasis and myocardial ischemia. The compounds can also be administered for the treatment of inflammatory brain diseases such as multiple sclerosis.
US07820684B2 Pharmaceutical formulations comprising salts of a protein kinase inhibitor and methods of using same
The present invention relates to pharmaceutical formulations comprising the protein kinase inhibitor, MP470, and methods of using same in treating conditions involving undesirable cell proliferation, such as cancer.
US07820681B1 Methods for concomitant administration of colchicine and a second active agent
Methods for concomitant administration of colchicine together with one or more second active agents, e.g., ketoconazole and ritonavir, are disclosed. Such methods reduce the dangers commonly associated with such concomitant administration and provide additional benefits. Methods of notifying health care practitioners and patients regarding appropriate dosing for concomitant administration of colchicine together with second active agents are also provided.
US07820680B2 HIV integrase inhibitors
Bicyclic uracils and related compounds are inhibitors of HIV integrase and inhibitors of HIV replication. In one embodiment, the compounds are of Formula I: wherein a, b, Y, R1, R2, R3 and R4 are defined herein. The compounds are useful in the prevention and treatment of infection by HIV and in the prevention, delay in the onset, and treatment of AIDS. The compounds are employed against HIV infection and AIDS as compounds per se or in the form of pharmaceutically acceptable salts. The compounds and their salts can be employed as ingredients in pharmaceutical compositions, optionally in combination with other antivirals, immunomodulators, antibiotics or vaccines.
US07820679B2 N-(-3-methoxy-5-methylpyrazin-2-yl)-2-(4-′1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl-phenyl)pyridine-3 sulphonamide as an anticancer agent
The use of N-(3-methoxy-5-methylpyrazin-2-yl)-2-(4-[1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]phenyl)pyridine-3-sulphonamide, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in the treatment of cancer and/or pain in a warm blooded animal such as man is described.
US07820676B2 Diketopiperazine salts for drug delivery and related methods
Drug delivery systems have been developed based on the formation of diketopiperazine carboxylate salts and microparticles containing the same. The systems may further comprise a bioactive agent. Related methods for making and using the biologically active agent delivery compositions are also provided. In certain embodiments, the pharmaceutically acceptable salts described can be formed by removal of solvent by methods including distillation, evaporation, spray drying or lyophilization.
US07820675B2 Benzofuran compounds
The present invention relates to compounds of formula (I): wherein P, R3, W1, and W2 are as described herein, to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds, to processes for their preparation, as well as to the use of the compounds for the preparation of a medicament against 5-HT6 receptor-related disorders.
US07820673B2 Urea derivative, process for producing the same, and use
The present invention provides a urea derivative or a salt thereof, which is useful as a therapeutic agent for thrombosis. The derivative is represented by Formula (I): wherein Cy is an aromatic hydrocarbon group which may be substituted or an aromatic heterocyclic group which may be substituted; R1 is a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group which may be substituted; V is —C(O)—, —S(O)—, or —S(O)2—; W is —N(R2)—, —O—, or a bond (wherein R2 is a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group which may be substituted); X is alkylene which may be substituted; Y is —C(O)—, —S(O)—, or —S(O)2—; Z is a bond, a chain hydrocarbon group which may be substituted, or —N═; ring A is a non-aromatic nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring which may be substituted; ring B is a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring which may be substituted; and [Chemical formula 2] , are each independently a single bond or a double bond; provided that R1 may be bonded to R2 to form a non-aromatic nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring and that R2 may be bonded to a substituent of X to form a non-aromatic nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring which may be substituted.
US07820665B2 Imidazopyridazine inhibitors of PI3 kinase for cancer treatment
The present invention relates to imidazopyridazine compounds of Formula I, such as representative structure A, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, that inhibit phosphoinositide 3-kinase; methods of treating diseases or conditions, such as cancer, using the compounds; and pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds.
US07820662B2 6,6-bicyclic ring substituted heterobicyclic protein kinase inhibitors
Compounds of the formula and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein X1, X2, X3, X4, X5, X6, X7, R1, and Q1 are defined herein, inhibit the IGF-1R enzyme and are useful for the treatment and/or prevention of hyperproliferative diseases such as cancer, inflammation, psoriasis, allergy/asthma, disease and conditions of the immune system, disease and conditions of the central nervous system.
US07820661B2 Substituted gamma lactams as therapeutics agents
Therapeutic compounds, compositions, medicaments, and methods are disclosed herein.
US07820657B2 Imidazolothiazole compounds for the treatment of disease
Compounds, compositions and methods are provided for modulating the activity of receptor kinases and for the treatment, prevention, or amelioration of one or more symptoms of disease or disorder mediated by receptor kinases.
US07820653B2 Photosensing soluble organic semiconductor material
A photosensing soluble organic semiconductor material is disclosed, which includes a Diels-Alder adduct which is a polycyclic aromatic compound with a dienophile. The polycyclic aromatic compound is pentacene. And the dienophile is represented by the formula of O═S═N—R1, wherein R1 is SO2R2, SO3R2, SO2−, or SO3−; and wherein R2 is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkoxy, acyl, aryl, aralkyl, chloroalkyl, fluoroalkyl, and substituted aryl with 1-12 carbon atoms. The structural formula of the adduct is as follows:
US07820652B2 Regimen for the administration of rifamycin-class antibiotics
The invention features an ascending dose regimen for the administration of rifamycin-class antibiotics. The dosing regimen can be used to treat bacterial infections and diseases related to infection.
US07820651B2 Preparation of antimicrobial formulations using 7-oxa-2-thia-1,5-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane-2,2-dione
Use of 7-oxa-2-thia-1,5-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane-2,2-dione (“cyclotaurolidin”) for the preparation of antimicrobial formulations, in particular antimicrobial solutions for technical or medical purposes and of aqueous lock solutions for catheters and port systems for preventing infections and sepsis of patients.
US07820647B2 2-substituted pyrimidines and their use as pesticides
The invention relates to 2-substituted pyrimidines of the formula I in which the index n and the substituents L and R1 to R3 are as defined in the description and X is a group —CH—Ra, —N—Rb—, —O— or —S—; Ra may be hydrogen, halogen, C1-C6-alkyl, C1-C6-alkoxy, cyano or C1-C6-alkoxycarbonyl; Rb is hydrogen, C1-C6-alkyl or C3-C6-cycloalkyl; T is a group —CH—Ra—; p is an integer from 1 to 4; Y is a group —CH—Ra— or —N—Rb—, o is 0 or 1; Z is O, S or a group N(Rc) Rc is hydrogen, C1-C6-alkyl or C1-C6-alkoxy, and to processes for their preparation, to pesticidal compositions comprising them and to their use as pesticides.
US07820637B2 Use of 5′-methylthioadenosine (MTA) in the prevention and/or treatment of autoimmune diseases and/or transplant rejection
5′-methylthioadenosine (MTA), its pharmaceutically acceptable salts and/or prodrugs may be used in the prevention and/or treatment of autoimmune diseases, such as, for example, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), as well as in the prevention and/or treatment of transplant rejection.
US07820635B2 RNAi probes targeting cancer-related proteins
RNAi sequences that are useful as therapeutics in the treatment of cancers of various types, including prostate cancer, sarcomas such as osteosarcoma, renal cell carcinoma, breast cancer, bladder cancer, lung cancer, colon cancer, ovarian cancer, anaplastic large cell lymphoma and melanoma; and Alzheimer's disease. These sequences target clusterin, IGFBP-5, IGFBP-2, both IGFBP-2 and -5 simultaneously, Mitf, and B-raf. The invention further provides for the use of these RNAi sequences in the treatment of cancers of various types, including prostate cancer, sarcomas such as osteosarcoma, renal cell carcinoma, breast cancer, bladder cancer, lung cancer, colon cancer, ovarian cancer, anaplastic large cell lymphoma and melanoma; and Alzheimer's disease, and a method of treating such conditions through the administration of the RNA molecules with RNAi activity to an individual, including a human individual in need of such treatment.
US07820632B2 Methods for producing interfering RNA molecules in mammalian cells and therapeutic uses for such molecules
Methods for producing interfering RNA molecules in mammalian cells are provided. Therapeutic uses for the expressed molecules, including inhibiting expression of HIV, are also provided.
US07820627B2 Lipid A and other carbohydrate ligand analogs
The core structure of pentaerythritol has been used as a replacement for one or both sugars in lipid A, leading to the generation of a series of lipid A analogs. These lipid A analogs may further differ from lipid A with respect to, e.g., the number, nature and location of negatively charged groups, and the number, nature and location of the lipid chains. The lipid A analogs may be lipid A agonists useful as immunostimulatory agents, or lipid A antagonists useful in the treatment of septic shock. In a like manner, a residue of pentaerythritylamine may be used as a replacement for an amino sugar residue in a carbohydrate ligand having a biological activity of interest, generating a series of ligand analogs. These are useful, e.g., as haptens, inhibitors of bacterial-host cell adhesion, etc.
US07820618B2 Energy status of an individual by enhanced usage of an endogenous fuel source
The present invention relates to a method of improving the energy status of an individual by enhancing the usage of lactate. Improved lactate usage is accomplished through a composition comprising lactate precursors, adrenergic receptor agonists and insulinotropic agents.
US07820617B2 Methods of selecting immunoregulator peptides obtained from gonadotropins
The invention relates to the field of immunology. Specifically, the invention relates to the field of immune-mediated disorders such as allergies, auto-immune disease, transplantation-related disease or inflammatory disease. The invention provides for an immunoregulator (IR), use of an IR in preparing a pharmaceutical composition for treating an immune-mediated disorder and a method for treating an immune-mediated disorder.
US07820616B1 Cyclic acetal compounds and their use in perfume compositions
The present invention a method of improving, enhancing, or modifying a fragrance formulation through the addition of an olfactory acceptable amount of the following compound: wherein R represents a saturated C2-C4 alkyl straight chain or branched.
US07820614B2 Multiple use fabric softening composition with reduced linting
An article comprising a multiple use fabric conditioning composition that is operably connectable to the inside of a dryer is useful for softening fabric without staining the fabric and with reduced linting.
US07820613B2 Powder soap composition
A powder soap composition that contains a powder soap made of a fatty acid alkali metal salt. The fatty acid alkali metal salt of the composition contains an alkali metal salt of a saturated fatty acid having 12 to 16 carbon atoms as a main component. The mean particle size of the powder soap is 50 to 500 μm, and the water content of the composition is 3 wt % or less.
US07820608B2 Methods of cleansing dyed hair
Provided are methods of cleansing dyed hair comprising applying to dyed hair a composition comprising anionic surfactant and a hydrophobically-modified polymer capable of binding surfactant thereto.
US07820606B2 Lubricant for sewing machines
A lubricant for sewing machines to be supplied to lubricate a movable part of a sewing machine is formed by using, as main components, a plurality of kinds of synthetic esters combined to have consistency within a range of grade 2 to grade 000 (defined by the NLGI (National Lubricating Grease Institute)) under a temperature of 25° C., and a melting point within a range of 70° C. to 150° C.
US07820603B2 Low foaming conveyor lubricant composition and methods
The invention relates to lubricant compositions, and methods especially as lubricants for the transport of glass, aluminum, and PET containers. The lubricant compositions contain a phosphate ester, an amine salt, and a nonionic surfactant.
US07820602B2 Amine tungstates and lubricant compositions
This invention relates to lubricating oil additives, and to lubricating oil compositions, their method of preparation, and use. More specifically, this invention relates to several novel lubricating oil additives and compositions which contain a tungsten compound and an antioxidant, namely aminic antioxidants such as a secondary diarylamine or an alkylated phenothiazine. The use of the tungsten compound with the secondary diarylamine and/or the alkylated phenothiazine provides improved oxidation and deposit control to lubricating oil compositions. The lubricating oil compositions of this invention are particularly useful as crankcase and transmission lubricants, gear oils and other high performance lubricant applications.
US07820601B2 System and method for improving lubrication in a fluid dynamic bearing
A system and method for improving lubrication in a fluid dynamic bearing are disclosed. A fluid dynamic bearing comprising a rotor portion and a stator portion is formed. In addition, a lubricating fluid comprising a high pressure lubricant is provided between the rotor portion and the stator portion of the fluid dynamic bearing, wherein the high pressure lubricant provides extreme pressure protection of the rotor portion and the stator portion of the fluid dynamic bearing.
US07820599B2 Lubricating oil composition
A lubricating oil composition includes lubricating oil base oil, an organic molybdenum compound (A), zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate (B), at least one compound (C) selected from calcium sulfonate, calcium phenate, and magnesium sulfonate and having a base number of 230 mgKOH/g or more, and an ashless dispersant containing boron or a mixture of an ashless dispersant containing boron and an ashless dispersant containing no boron (D) in predetermined ratios, in which: a mass ratio (P/Mo) of the P content to the Mo content in the composition is 1.5 or more; a mass ratio (CaMg/Mo) of a total content of the Ca and Mg derived from the component (C) to the Mo content in the composition is 3 or more; and a mass ratio (B/N) between B and N derived from the component (D) in the composition is 0.5 or more. The lubricating oil composition of the present invention has a high static friction coefficient of wet clutch, has excellent frictional property in a power transmission mechanism, has excellent fuel saving property, and is suitably used for power transmission lubricating oil and engine lubricating oil.
US07820598B2 Solid lubricant sticks having a two part formulation
A solid lubricant and composition useful for lubricating the flanges of locomotive wheels, railcar wheels, rail track and in applications where it is desirable to reduce friction when metal contacts metal. The solid lubricant having from about twenty-five percent to about seventy percent by volume of a polymeric carrier, about five to seventy-five percent by volume of organic and inorganic extreme pressure additives, about zero to twenty percent by volume synthetic extreme pressure anti-wear liquid oil, and about zero to one percent by volume optical brightener.
US07820596B2 Thick film high temperature superconducting device supporting high critical currents and method for fabricating same
A thick film superconductor includes a substrate and a superconducting thick film formed on the substrate. The thick film is 1-20 microns thick with an average twin spacing to film thickness ratio of about 0.016, and is formed from an aqueous solution of YBC ions doped with a particulate rare earth oxide having a diameter of about 50-500 nm. The coated substrate is heat treated, preferably above 650 degrees C. and cooled at a rate less than 15 degrees C. per hour, resulting in a substantially fully oxygenated YBCO layer.
US07820591B2 Highly attrition resistant and dry regenerable sorbents for carbon dioxide capture
Disclosed herein is a dry regenerable sorbent for carbon dioxide capture from flue gas produced by fossil fuel-fired power plants including industrial boilers before being released to atmosphere or from fuel gas stream such as syngas produced by conversion of fossil fuel (e.g. gasification), by dry regenerable sorbent technology. The dry regenerable sorbent comprises: 70 wt % or less of an active component selected from solid compounds capable of being converted to metal carbonates; 70 wt % or less of a support selected from solid porous non-metallic materials capable of imparting a required specific surface area to the sorbent; and 70 wt % or less of an inorganic binder selected from cement-like, clay-like, and ceramic-like binders capable of imparting mechanical strength to the sorbent, the total weight of the solid raw materials being 100 wt %.
US07820590B2 Method for preparing vanadium/titania-based catalyst for removing nitrogen oxide at low temperature
Disclosed is a method of preparing a vanadium/titania-based catalyst containing non-stoichiometric vanadium and titanium having excellent ability to remove nitrogen oxides at a wide temperature window, particularly, at a relatively low temperature window of 300° C. or lower.
US07820587B2 Porous anodic aluminum oxide membranes for nanofabrication
A hydrogen detector with a porous layer of alumina. Pores with average pore diameters in the range of from about 10 to about 200 nanometers (nms) and average pore depths in the range of from about 10 to about 1000 nms have Pd nanoparticles in the pores forming a film. Electrodes on the Pd film measure changes in electrical resistance of the Pd film in the presence of hydrogen. Pd may be in the form of nanotubes. The alumina is anodized for various times to form the nanowalls or pores and vary the pore depths.
US07820584B2 Visible light-responsive photocatalyst, method for producing same, photocatalyst coating agent using same, and photocatalyst dispersion
Disclosed is a photocatalyst which is excited when irradiated with visible light and exhibits high photocatalytic activity stably. This photocatalyst has a white hue with little yellow tint. Specifically, titanium oxide particles and a halogenated platinum compound are heated and mixed in a liquid medium, so that the surfaces of the titanium oxide particles are loaded with the halogenated platinum compound; then the pH of the liquid medium is adjusted to 5 or less; and after that, the liquid medium is neutralized if necessary. By such a process, there can be produced a photocatalyst having a specific surface area of 10-100 m2/g, wherein the surfaces of the titanium oxide particles are loaded with the halogenated platinum compound and the b* value of the powder color according to the Hunter color system is not more than 6.
US07820583B2 Nanocomposite particle and process of preparing the same
A nanocomposite particle, its use as a catalyst, and a method of making it are disclosed. The nanocomposite particle comprises titanium dioxide nanoparticles, metal oxide nanoparticles, and a surface stabilizer. The metal oxide nanoparticles are formed hydrothermally in the presence of the titanium dioxide nanoparticles. The nanocomposite particle is an effective catalyst support, particularly for DeNOx catalyst applications.
US07820582B2 Catalyst composition
This invention relates to catalyst compounds, catalysts systems and methods to oligomerize or polymerize monomers where the catalyst compound and the catalyst system comprise compounds of formula: LMX2 or (LMX2)2 wherein: M is a Group 7, 8, 9, 10 or 11 transition metal; L is a tridentate or tetradentate neutrally charged ligand that is bonded to M by at least three nitrogen atoms; at least one of the nitrogen atoms is a central non-pyridinal nitrogen atom and is not bonded to its adjacent atoms by a multibond; at least two of the nitrogen atoms are terminal nitrogen atoms; at least one terminal nitrogen atom is part of a pyridinyl ring; at least one other terminal nitrogen atom is substituted with at least one C3-C50 hydrocarbyl or halobydrocarbyl; the central nitrogen atom is bonded to at least two different carbon atoms; and each X is an anionic monodentate ligand.
US07820581B2 Methods of preparation of an olefin oligomerization catalyst
A method of making a catalyst for use in oligomerizing an olefin comprising a chromium-containing compound, a pyrrole-containing compound, a metal alkyl, a halide-containing compound, and optionally a solvent, the method comprising contacting a composition comprising the chromium-containing compound and a composition comprising the metal alkyl, wherein the composition comprising the chromium-containing compound is added to the composition comprising the metal alkyl.
US07820579B2 Method of restoring catalytic activity to a spent hydrotreating catalyst, the resulting restored catalyst, and a method of hydroprocessing
A method of restoring catalytic activity to a spent hydroprocessing catalyst that has a first carbon concentration. The concentration of carbon on the spent hydroprocessing catalyst is reduced to provide a carbon-reduced catalyst having a second carbon concentration that is less than the first carbon concentration. The carbon-reduced catalyst is exposed to a solution, comprising a chelating agent and a solvent, for an aging time period sufficient to provide for a restored catalytic activity thereby resulting in an aged catalyst having incorporated therein the chelating agent and the solvent. The aged catalyst is exposed to conditions, including a drying temperature, so as to remove from the aged catalyst a portion of the solvent without removing a significant portion of the chelating agent from the aged catalyst thereby resulting in a dried aged catalyst. The dried aged catalyst is then sulfur treated to thereby provide a restored catalyst. The restored catalyst and those catalysts made by the treatment method can be used in a hydroprocessing process comprising contacting the restored catalyst with a hydrocarbon feedstock under hydroprocessing conditions.
US07820577B2 Biomedical member and method for producing the same
A biomedical member having high strength, high toughness and high hardness and an artificial joint that uses the same are provided. In addition, a biomedical member that exhibits high wear resistance even in in vivo environment and an artificial joint are provided.Such a composite ceramic is used that contains 65% by weight or more Al2O3, 4 to 34% by weight of ZrO2 and 0.1 to 4% by weight of SrO, while Sr forms a solid solution with part of the ZrO2 grains. The composite ceramics further contains TiO2, MgO and SiO2 as sintering additives, while controlling the amounts to 0.20% by weight or more SiO2, 0.22% by weight or more TiO2 and 0.12% by weight or more MgO, and the total amount of SiO2, TiO2 and MgO within a range from 0.6 to 4.5% by weight.
US07820576B2 Optical glass and optical element
An optical glass for press-molding contains as glass ingredients, by weight: 0.5-4% SiO2; 20-30% B2O3; 10-20% ZnO; 1-10% ZrO2; 30-45% La2O3; 5-12% Nb2O5; 1-15% WO3; 0.5-3.5% TiO2; 0.5-3% CaO; 0.1-0.5% Li2O; 0-0.4% Na2O (zero inclusive); and 0-0.4% K2O (zero inclusive), with the total content of Li2O+Na2O+K2O accounting for 0.1-0.5%.
US07820575B2 Near infrared absorbent green glass composition, and laminated glass using the same
The present invention provides a near-infrared absorbent green glass composition which contains basic glass components and 0.6 to 1.3% total iron oxide amount in terms of Fe2O3 (T-Fe2O3), 0 to 2.0% CeO2 and, 300 ppm or less MnO expressed in units of mass and wherein a mass ratio (FeO ratio) of FeO converted into Fe2O3 relative to the T-Fe2O3 is from 0.21 to 0.35. Further the glass composition satisfies at least one of the following a) and b):a) when the glass composition is formed to have a thickness in the range of 1.3 to 2.4 mm, a visible light transmittance is at least 80%, a total solar energy transmittance is 62% or less, a dominant wavelength is from 500 to 540 nm, and an integrated value obtained by integrating transmittance of every 1 nm in the wavelength from 1100 to 2200 nm is 62000 or less; b) when the glass composition is formed to have a thickness in the range of 3 to 5 mm, a visible light transmittance is at least 70%, a total solar energy transmittance is 45% or less, a dominant wavelength is from 495 to 540 nm, and an integrated value obtained as above is 62000 or less.
US07820573B2 Low porosity facings for acoustic applications
A fibrous blanket material is provided having a first fibrous layer selected from a group of fibers consisting of polyester, polypropylene, polyethylene, fiberglass, natural fibers, nylon, rayon and blends thereof and a layer of meltblown polypropylene fibers. In an alternative embodiment the blanket may also include a second fibrous layer made of the same material as the first layer where the layer of meltblown polypropylene fibers is sandwiched between the two fibrous layers.
US07820572B2 Garments comprising a flexible high thermal performance outer shell fabric of polybenzimidazole and polypyridobisimidazole fibers
This invention concerns a flame-resistant garment having an outer shell fabric comprising 5 to 50 parts by weight of a polypyridobisimidazole fiber having an inherent viscosity of greater than 20 dl/g and 50 to 95 parts by weight of polybenzimidazole fiber.
US07820570B2 Puncture and abrasion resistant, air and water impervious laminated fabric
A puncture and abrasion resistant, air and water impervious laminated fabric is provided. The laminated fabric includes a woven fabric base layer having warp and weft yarns, with at least 50 percent of the fibers in the warp yarns being formed of high performance material. A first thermoplastic film is bonded by heat and pressure to at least one of the sides of the fabric base layer. The first thermoplastic film is formed of ethylene vinyl acetate. A second thermoplastic film is bonded by heat and pressure to the first thermoplastic film on at least one of sides of the fabric. The second thermoplastic film is formed from either high density polyethylene or low density polyethylene.
US07820558B2 Semiconductor device and method of producing the semiconductor device
A film with small hysteresis and high voltage resistance is obtained by reducing the carbon content in a gate insulating film on a SiC substrate. Specifically, the carbon content in the gate insulating film is set to 1×1020 atoms/cm3 or less. For this, using a plasma processing apparatus, a silicon oxide film is formed on the SiC substrate and then the formed silicon oxide film is reformed by exposure to radicals containing nitrogen atoms. Thus, the gate insulating film excellent in electrical properties is obtained.
US07820552B2 Advanced high-k gate stack patterning and structure containing a patterned high-k gate stack
An advanced method of patterning a gate stack including a high-k gate dielectric that is capped with a high-k gate dielectric capping layer such as, for example, a rare earth metal (or rare earth like)-containing layer is provided. In particular, the present invention provides a method in which a combination of wet and dry etching is used in patterning such gate stacks which substantially reduces the amount of remnant high-k gate dielectric capping material remaining on the surface of a semiconductor substrate to a value that is less than 1010 atoms/cm2, preferably less than about 109 atoms/cm2.
US07820550B2 Negative tone double patterning method
A method of forming a pattern on a wafer is provided. The method includes applying a photoresist on the wafer and exposing the wafer to define a first pattern on the photoresist. The method also includes exposing the wafer to define a second pattern on the photoresist, wherein each of the first and second patterns comprises unexposed portions of the photoresist and developing the wafer to form the first and second patterns on the photoresist, wherein the first and second patterns are formed by removing the unexposed portions of the photoresist.
US07820547B2 Flash memory device with word lines of uniform width and method for manufacturing thereof
A method for manufacturing a semiconductor device, the method including: forming a bit line in a semiconductor substrate; forming a plurality of word lines which intersect with the bit line at predetermined intervals on the semiconductor substrate; eliminating a portion of the plurality of word lines; forming an interlayer insulating film on the semiconductor substrate; and forming a metal plug which penetrates through the interlayer insulating film and is coupled to the bit line in a region where the portion of the plurality of word lines was eliminated.
US07820541B2 Process for forming low defect density heterojunctions
A method for forming a low defect density heterojunction between a first and a second compound, the first and second compounds each includes a group III element combined with a group V element in the periodic table, the method includes the steps of introducing in the deposition chamber the flux of the group III element for the first compound at substantially the same time while introducing in the deposition chamber a flux of the group V element for the second compound, stopping the flux of the group III element for the first compound after a first predetermined time period, stopping the flux of the group V element for the first compound after a second predetermined time period, and introducing in the deposition chamber a flux of the group III element the group V element for the second compound.
US07820536B2 Method for removing a passivation layer prior to depositing a barrier layer in a copper metallization layer
By forming a thin passivation layer after the formation of openings connecting to a highly reactive metal region, any queue time effects may be significantly reduced. Prior to the deposition of a barrier/adhesion layer, the passivation layer may be efficiently removed on the basis of a heat treatment so as to initiate material removal by evaporation.
US07820534B2 Method of manufacturing silicon carbide semiconductor device
A method of manufacturing a silicon carbide semiconductor device includes ion-implanting an impurity in a surface of a silicon carbide wafer, and forming a carbon protection film of a predetermined thickness over all surfaces of the silicon carbide wafer, which has been ion-implanted with the impurity, by a chemical vapor deposition method that deposits a film by pyrolyzing a hydrocarbon gas. The method also includes annealing the silicon carbide wafer after the forming the carbon protection film.
US07820530B2 Efficient body contact field effect transistor with reduced body resistance
A method for forming a body contacted SOI transistor includes forming a semiconductor layer (103) having a body contact region (120), a body access region (121), and an active region (122). An SOI transistor is formed in the active region by etching a metal gate structure (107, 108) to have a first portion (130) formed over the active region, and a second portion (131) formed over at least part of the body access region. By implanting ions (203, 301) at a non-perpendicular angle into an implant region (204, 302) in the body access region so as to encroach toward the active region and/or under the second portion of the etched metal gate structure, silicide (306) may be subsequently formed over the body contact region and the implant region, thereby reducing formation of a depletion region (308) in the body access region.
US07820529B2 Method for manufacturing integrated circuit
A method for separating an integrated circuit formed by a thin film having a novel structure or a method for transferring the integrated circuit to another substrate, that is, so-called transposing method, has not been proposed. According to the present invention, in the case that an integrated circuit having a thin film having a novel structure formed over a substrate via a release layer is separated, the release layer is removed in the state that the thin film integrated circuit is fixated, the thin film integrated circuit is transposed to a supporting substrate having an adhesion surface, and the thin film integrated circuit is transposed to another substrate having an adhesion surface with higher strength of adhesion than that of the supporting substrate.
US07820527B2 Cleave initiation using varying ion implant dose
An approach for providing a cleave initiation using a varying ion implant dose is described. In one embodiment, there is a method of forming a substrate. In this embodiment, a semiconductor material is provided and implanted with a spatially varying dose of one or more ion species. A handler substrate is attached to the implanted semiconductor material. A cleave of the implanted semiconductor material is initiated from the handler substrate at a preferential location that is a function of a dose gradient that develops from the spatially varying dose of one or more ion species implanted into the semiconductor material.
US07820525B2 Method for manufacturing hybrid image sensors
A method for wafer-to-wafer bonding of a sensor readout circuitry separately fabricated with a silicon substrate to a photodiode device made of non-silicon materials grown from a separate substrate. In preferred embodiments the non-silicon materials are epitaxially grown on a silicon wafer. The bonding technique of preferred embodiments of the present invention utilizes lithographically pre-fabricated metallic interconnects to connect each of a number of pixel circuits on a readout circuit wafer to each of a corresponding number of pixel photodiodes on a photodiode wafer. The metallic interconnects are extremely small (with widths of about 2 to 4 microns) compared to prior art bump bonds with the solder balls of diameter typically larger than 20 microns. The present invention also provides alignment techniques to assure proper alignment of the interconnects during the bonding step.
US07820524B2 Manufacturing method of SOI substrate and manufacturing method of semiconductor device
A manufacturing method of an SOI substrate which possesses a base substrate having low heat resistance and a very thin semiconductor layer having high planarity is demonstrated. The method includes: implanting hydrogen ions into a semiconductor substrate to form an ion implantation layer; bonding the semiconductor substrate and a base substrate such as a glass substrate, placing a bonding layer therebetween; heating the substrates bonded to each other to separate the semiconductor substrate from the base substrate, leaving a thin semiconductor layer over the base substrate; irradiating the surface of the thin semiconductor layer with laser light to improve the planarity and recover the crystallinity of the thin semiconductor layer; and thinning the thin semiconductor layer. This method allows the formation of an SOI substrate which has a single-crystalline semiconductor layer with a thickness of 100 nm or less over a base substrate.
US07820519B2 Process of forming an electronic device including a conductive structure extending through a buried insulating layer
A process of forming an electronic device can include providing a semiconductor-on-insulator substrate including a substrate, a first semiconductor layer, and a buried insulating layer lying between the first semiconductor layer and the substrate. The process can also include forming a field isolation region within the semiconductor layer, and forming an opening extending through the semiconductor layer and the buried insulating layer to expose the substrate. The process can further include forming a conductive structure within the opening, wherein the conductive structure abuts the substrate.
US07820510B2 Method of fabricating a flash memory and an isolating structure applied to a flash memory
A method of fabricating a flash memory and an isolating structure applied to a flash memory is provided. The feature of the method lies in a T-shaped shallow trench isolation (STI). The T-shaped STI has a widened cap covering on a substrate and a tapered bottom embedded in the substrate. The widened cap of the T-shaped STI can provide a high process widow when fabricating the floating gate wings, and the product yield will thereby be increased.
US07820505B2 Integrated circuit arrangement with capacitor and fabrication method
An integrated circuit arrangement contains an insulating region, which is part of a planar insulating layer, and a capacitor which contains: near and far electrode regions near and remote from the insulating region and a dielectric region. The capacitor and an active component are on the same side of the insulating layer, and the near electrode region and an active region of the component are planar and parallel to the insulating layer. The near electrode region is monocrystalline and contains multiple webs. Alternately, a FET is present in which: a channel region is the active region, the FET contains a web with opposing control electrodes connected by a connecting region that is isolated from the channel region by a thick insulating region. The thick insulating region is thicker than control electrode insulation regions. The control electrodes contain the same material as the far electrode region.
US07820498B2 Backside illuminated imaging sensor with light reflecting transfer gate
A backside illuminated imaging sensor includes a semiconductor having an imaging pixel that can include a photodiode region, an insulation layer, and a reflective layer. The photodiode is typically formed in the frontside of the semiconductor substrate. A surface shield layer can be formed on the frontside of the photodiode region. A light reflecting layer can be formed using silicided polysilicon on the frontside of the sensor. The photodiode region receives light from the back surface of the semiconductor substrate. When a portion of the received light propagates through the photodiode region to the light reflecting layer, the light reflecting layer reflects the portion of light received from the photodiode region towards the photodiode region. The silicided polysilicon light reflecting layer also forms a gate of a transistor for establishing a conductive channel between the photodiode region and a floating drain.
US07820497B2 Electronic textiles with electronic devices on ribbons
Ribbons containing e.g. inorganic NMOS devices are assembled in electrical contact with ribbons containing e.g. PMOS devices (preferably organic) to enable flexible electronic textile circuits to be inexpensive and practical for a wide variety of functions. The use of ribbons provides flexibility, reduces costs, and allows testing during assembly and different processes to be efficiently used for different components. This is apparently the first time that ribbons (especially inorganic-device-containing ribbons) have been interconnected to form a flexible CMOS electronic textile.
US07820494B2 Forming of the periphery of a schottky diode with MOS trenches
A method for forming a component of TMBS type having its periphery formed of a trench with insulated walls filled with a conductor, including the steps of depositing on a semiconductor substrate a thick layer of a first insulating material and a thin layer of a second material; simultaneously digging a peripheral trench and the trenches of the component; isotropically etching the first material so that a cap overhanging a recess remains; forming a thin insulating layer; and filling the trenches and said recess with a conductive material.
US07820493B1 Methods of making and using fuse structures, and integrated circuits including the same
A fuse structure, an integrated circuit including the structure, and methods for making the structure and (re)configuring a circuit using the fuse. The fuse structure generally includes (a) a conductive structure with at least two circuit elements electrically coupled thereto, (b) a dielectric layer over the conductive structure, and (c) a first lens over both the first dielectric layer and the conductive structure configured to at least partially focus light onto the conductive structure. The method of making the structure generally includes the steps of (1) forming a conductive structure electrically coupled to first and second circuit elements, (2) forming a dielectric layer thereover, and (3) forming a lens on or over the dielectric layer and over the conductive structure, the lens being configured to at least partially focus light onto the conductive structure. The method of (re)configuring a circuit generally includes the steps of (i) irradiating at least one lens on or near a surface of the circuit sufficient to electrically disconnect a corresponding first fuse positioned under the lens and disable a first configuration of the circuit, and (ii) irradiating at least one other lens on or near the surface of the circuit sufficient to electrically disconnect a corresponding second fuse positioned under that lens and enable a second configuration of the circuit. The structure and methods advantageously provide fuse structures having improved reliability and smaller chip area, thereby increasing the yield of the manufacturing process and the numbers of die per wafer (both gross and good).
US07820488B2 Microelectronic devices and methods
A microelectronic device is made of a semiconductor substrate, a heat generating component in a layer thereof, and a body within the remaining semiconductor substrate. The body is made of materials which have a high thermal inertia and/or thermal conductivity. When high thermal conductivity materials are used, the body acts to transfer the heat away from the substrate to a heat sink.
US07820484B2 Wafer level packaging
Through vias in a substrate are formed by creating a trench in a top side of the substrate and at least one trench in the back side of the substrate. The sum of the depths of the trenches at least equals the height of the substrate. The trenches cross at intersections, which accordingly form the through vias from the top side to the back side. The through vias are filled with a conductor to form contacts on both sides and the edge of the substrate. Contacts on the backside are formed at each of the trench. The through vias from the edge contacts. Traces connect bond pads to the conductor in the through via. Some traces are parallel to the back side traces. Some traces are skew to the back side traces. The substrate is diced to form individual die.
US07820483B2 Injection molded soldering process and arrangement for three-dimensional structures
A method of implementing an injection molded soldering process for three-dimensional structures, particularly, such as directed to three-dimensional semiconductor chip stacking. Also provide is an arrangement for implementing the injection molded soldering (IMS) process. Pursuant to an embodiment of the invention, the joining of the semiconductor chip layers with a substrate is implemented, rather than by means of currently known wire bond stacking, through the intermediary of columns of solder material formed by the IMS process, thereby providing electrical advantages imparted by the flip chip interconnect structures. In this connection, various diversely dimensioned solder column interconnects allow for simple and dependable connections to a substrate by a plurality of superimposed layers or stacked arrays of semiconductor components, such as semiconductor chips. In accordance with a further aspect, it is possible to derive a unique design for an IMS mold structure, which contains cavities for forming the columnar fill of solder, and which also incorporates further cavities acting as cutouts for dies or the positioning of other electronic packages or modules.
US07820481B2 Rotary chip attach process
A rotary chip attach process and manufacturing approach takes chips (e.g., integrated circuits (ICs)) from a wafer in a rotary process. A chip wafer with a positioning unit is placed over the top of a sprocketed wheel that picks the ICs directly from the wafer and moves them in a semi-continuous in-step motion to a web that will accept the ICs. The sprocketed wheel includes chips that are preferably the same type as used in a typical pick-and-place robotic system, with vacuum heads adapted to pierce the wafer flat membrane (if needed), grab and IC and place and IC as desired. This positioning system keeps the IC's placement in an accurate position on the web, which can be made to move continuously with a plurality of sprocketed wheel placement units in place.
US07820480B2 Lead frame routed chip pads for semiconductor packages
A redistributed lead frame for use in a molded plastic semiconductor package (38) is formed from an electrically conductive substrate by a sequential metal removal process. The process includes: (a) patterning a first side of an electrically conductive substrate to form an array of lands separated by channels, (b) disposing a first molding compound (18) within these channels, (c) patterning a second side of the electrically conductive substrate to form an array of chip attach sites (24) and routing circuits (26) electrically interconnecting the array of lands and the array of chip attach sites (24), (d) directly electrically interconnecting input/output pads on the at least one semiconductor device (28) to chip attach site members (24) of the array of chip attach sites (24), and (e) encapsulating the at least one semiconductor device (28), the array of chip attach sites (24) and the routing circuits (26) with a second molding compound (36). This process is particularly suited for the manufacture of chip scale packages and very thin packages.
US07820476B2 Method for manufacturing a semiconductor device
A method for manufacturing a semiconductor device includes: forming a first region and a second region at a main surface of a semiconductor substrate; forming a gate insulating film containing Hf or Zr and oxygen on the first region and the second region; forming a first metallic film on the gate insulating film; forming a second metallic film on the first metallic film; removing a portion of the second metallic film; forming a third metallic film on the second metallic film and a portion of the first metallic film exposed by removing the portion of the second metallic film; and thermally treating so that constituent elements of the second metallic film is diffused into the gate insulating film via the first metallic film.
US07820471B2 Photoelectric conversion element and process for fabricating the same, electronic apparatus and process for fabricating the same, and semiconductor layer and process for forming the same
A paste in which semiconductor fine grain such as titanium oxide fine grain or the like and a binder made of a polymer compound are mixed is coated onto a transparent conductive substrate and sintered, thereby forming a semiconductor layer made of the semiconductor fine grain, after that, ultraviolet rays are irradiated to the semiconductor layer and, by using a photocatalyst effect of the semiconductor fine grain, an organic substance remaining in the semiconductor layer is removed.
US07820465B2 Manufacturing method for a circuit pattern, a thin film transistor and an electronic appliance
A circuit pattern is formed by following steps: forming a light-blocking mask over a major surface of a light-transmitting substrate, forming a first film in a first region over the substrate and the mask, forming a photocatalytic film in at least a part of the first region over the first film, changing wettability of the first film in a second region which is in the first region, being in contact with the photocatalytic film, and not overlapping the mask, by light irradiation from a back surface opposite to the major surface of the substrate, removing the photocatalytic film, and forming a composition including a pattern forming material in the second region.
US07820464B2 Light emitting device and manufacturing method thereof
The light emitting device according to the present invention is characterized in that a gate electrode comprising a plurality of conductive films is formed, and concentrations of impurity regions in an active layer are adjusted with making use of selectivity of the conductive films in etching and using them as masks. The present invention reduces the number of photolithography steps in relation to manufacturing the TFT for improving yield of the light emitting device and shortening manufacturing term thereof, by which a light emitting device and an electronic appliance are inexpensively provided.
US07820460B2 Patterned assembly for manufacturing a solar cell and a method thereof
Apparatuses and methods for manufacturing a solar cell are disclosed. In a particular embodiment, the solar cell may be manufactured by disposing a solar cell in a chamber having a particle source; disposing a patterned assembly comprising an aperture and an assembly segment between the particle source and the solar cell; and selectively implanting first type dopants traveling through the aperture into a first region of the solar cell while minimizing introduction of the first type dopants into a region outside of the first region.
US07820459B2 Methods relating to the reconstruction of semiconductor wafers for wafer level processing including forming of alignment protrusion and removal of alignment material
Methods relating to the reconstruction of semiconductor wafers for wafer-level processing are disclosed. Selected semiconductor dice having alignment cavities formed in a surface thereof are placed in contact with liquid, gel or other flowable alignment droplets in a similar pattern protruding from a substrate to position the dice through surface tension interaction. The alignment droplets are then solidified to maintain the positioning and an underfill is disposed between the dice and the fixture to strengthen and maintain the reconstructed wafer. A fixture plate may be used in combination with the underfill to add additional strength and simplify handling. The reconstructed wafer may be subjected to wafer-level processing, wafer-level testing and burn-in being particularly facilitated using the reconstructed wafer. Alignment droplets composed of sacrificial material may be removed from the reconstructed wafer and the resulting void filled to form interconnects or contacts on the resulting dice.
US07820454B2 Programmable electromagnetic array for molecule transport
An embodiment of the invention relates to a device comprising (1) an array of electromagnetic elements comprising coils, metal cores, and metal core heads, and (2) a controller that is adapted to control a current for one or more coils individually, to vary the current for said one or more coils individually, to reverse the current for one or more coils individually, and to generate a specific magnetic flux distribution and gradient across two or more coils; wherein the metal core head is at one end of the coil and the metal core head has a geometry to create a desired magnetic flux, intensity and gradient, in a region of interest between two adjacent coils; further wherein the device is functionally coupled to a fluidic device to concentrate and transport magnetic particles in a fluid without fluidic movement of the fluid.
US07820451B2 Analytical test element
An analytical test element for determining at least one analyte in a liquid is provided comprising a support, at least one detection element, and a channel capable of capillary liquid transport which is at least partially formed by a hydrophilic network, one side of which is at least partially in contact with the inner space of the channel and the opposite side of which is at least partially in contact with the detection element such that liquid can be transported from the channel across the network to the detection element. The invention also concerns the use of the analytical test element to determine an analyte in a liquid and a method for determining at least one analyte in the liquid with the aid of an analytical test element.
US07820449B2 Test strip for creatinine determination
The present invention provides a novel test piece for creatinine measurement. The test piece includes a compound expressed by the following formula (1), a metal that forms a colored complex with the compound, and a buffer agent in a porous material. The amount of creatinine is determined by optically measuring a colored complex of the compound and the metal and evaluating the degree of inhibition of the colored complex formation by creatinine. In the formula (1), R1 represents H, SO3X, or COOX. R4 and R6 represent OH, SO3X, or COOX and may be either the same or different. R2, R3, R5, and R7 represent H, OH, Cl, Br, I, NO2, NO, or CH3 and may be either the same or different. Xs in the R1, R4, and R6 represent H, Na, K, or NH4 and may be either the same or different.
US07820448B2 Waste materials sampling, assaying for desired components or metals, and refining
A bulk sample is fed with a liquid into a mixing tank (1) where it is stirred to form a dispersion. A proportion of the dispersion is recycled from the bottom of the tank through a line to the top of the tank so that at least the dispersion in the recycle loop (3) is substantially homogeneous, and a representative sample of the dispersion is taken from the recycle loop, e.g. using a slurry sampler (5).
US07820445B2 Fluidization and solids processing in microchannel devices
This invention describes gas-solid, liquid-solid and gas-solid-liquid processes in microchannels devices including such processes as heterogeneous catalysis, particle formation, particle attrition, particle separation and adsorption or desorption of selected species. Various processes can be enhanced by the unique properties of microchannels such as the predominance of laminar flow, high rates of shear, high rates of heat transfer and high rates of mass transfer. Also encompassed by this invention are methods for the introduction to and removal from microchannels of particle containing fluid streams.
US07820444B2 Method for sample identification in a mammal as well as a kit for performing this method
Method as well a kit for the performance of the method for the investigation of biological samples from a mammal for at least one component, wherein the method includes the following steps: (a) Administering at least one marker substance to a mammal; (b) Waiting for a length of time which is sufficient for the at least one marker substance to reach the location of sample removal; (c) Removing a biological sample from the mammal; (d) Investigating the biological sample for the presence and/or amount of at least one marker substance or a derivative thereof; and, if the at least one marker substance or the derivative thereof is detectable in the biological sample; (e) Investigating the biological sample for an analyte.
US07820442B2 Activation Induced Deaminase (AID)
The present invention identifies that the expression of Activation Induced Deaminase (AID) or its homologues in cells confers a mutator phenotype and thus provides a method for generating diversity in a gene or gene product as well as cell lines capable of generating diversity in defined gene products. The invention also provides methods of modulating a mutator phenotype by modulating AID expression or activity.
US07820438B2 Primary cultured adipocytes for gene therapy
The present invention relates to primary cultured adipocytes for gene therapy, where the adipocytes stably maintain a foreign gene encoding a protein that is secreted outside of cells. This invention provides cells suitable for gene therapy, which can replace bone marrow cells and liver cells used for conventional ex vivo gene therapy. The present invention established methods for transferring foreign genes into primary cultured adipocytes, which are suitable for ex vivo gene therapy; can be easily collected and implanted; and can be removed after implantation. Specifically, the present invention established these methods that use retroviral vectors. The present invention also established primary cultured adipocytes for gene therapy, where the adipocytes stably maintain a foreign gene encoding a protein that is secreted outside of cells.
US07820437B2 Constitutively open hERG (Kv11.1) mutant channels
We disclose a cell having double mutations of the hERG gene that lead to charge reversal amino acid substitutions at residues 466 and 534 of the wild type Kv11.1 channel protein. These double charge reversal mutations result in cells having constitutively open Kv11.1 channels. Such cells could be used in a method of testing development-stage drugs and other compounds for Kv11.1 channel block activity.
US07820434B2 Apparatus for reconstituting bone with biological fluids prior to surgical implantation
A novel apparatus and device is described for reconstituting a bone sample with a biological fluid, such as concentrated plasma or saline solutions, for example, prior to surgical implantation into a patient. In particular, the invention comprises, in certain aspects, a container in which a bone sample may be reconstituted with the desired fluid by applying a vacuum within the container, thereby driving the fluid into the bone for complete, or near complete, permeation of the fluid into the interstices of the bone sample prior to surgical implantation.
US07820431B2 Device for trapping extraneous gas
A device for trapping extraneous gas or bubbles is disclosed. The device is defined as having a gas collection area in a tapered neck portion such that when used as a cell culturing apparatus, extraneous gas or bubbles are trapped and isolated from the cell growth areas where cells or media reside.
US07820430B2 Micro device for cell culture
A micro device for cell culture is disclosed, which cooperates with a fluid and includes: a top plate having an inlet port; a orifice plate having a plurality of orifices; a culture plate having a plurality of culture wells and a plurality of injection ports; and a bottom plate having at least one collecting well and at least one collecting flow channel, wherein, the culture plate is placed between the orifice plate and the bottom plate. The collecting flow channel connects to all regulating orifices in the culture wells and guides the fluid from the culture wells, then receives the fluid in the collecting well. The fluid flows into the orifice plate from the inlet port of the top plate, and then diversifies into the culture plate, then arrives at each culture well by way of the injection ports, and finally collects in the collecting well of the bottom plate.
US07820425B2 Method of cryopreserving selected sperm cells
The present invention provides a method of cryopreserving sperm that have been selected for a specific characteristic. In a preferred embodiment, the method is employed to freeze sex-selected sperm. Although the cryopreservation method of the invention can be used to freeze sperm selected by any number of selection methods, selection using flow cytometry is preferred. The present invention also provides a frozen sperm sample that has been selected for a particular characteristic, such as sex-type. In preferred embodiments, the frozen sperm sample includes mammalian sperm, such as, for example, human, bovine, equine, porcine, ovine, elk, or bison sperm. The frozen selected sperm sample can be used in a variety of applications. In particular, the sample can be thawed and used for fertilization. Accordingly, the invention also includes a method of using the frozen selected sperm sample for artificial insemination or in vitro fertilization.
US07820424B2 Nicking endonuclease methods and compositions
A nicking endonuclease is described which has an amino acid sequence with at least 70% identity to SEQ ID NO:6 and comprising a mutation at least one of an arginine or glutamic acid corresponding to position 507 and position 546 respectively in SEQ ID NO:6.
US07820423B2 Method and a system for predicting protein functional site, a method for improving protein function, and a function-modified protein
The present application provides a method for predicting the functional site of a protein using data of the entire proteins of an organism of which genome data or cDNA data is known. More specifically, the present application provides a method for predicting a protein functional site, comprising the steps of calculating the frequency of occurrence of an oligopeptide in the entire proteins, calculating the value of each amino-acid residue contributing to the frequency of occurrence as the representative value of the function, and predicting the protein functional site by using the representative value of function as an indicator. The present also provides a system for predicting a functional site for automatically performing said methods. Additionally, the present application provides a method for preparing a function-modified protein comprising subjecting the amino-acid residues composing the functional site identified by the method described above to artificial mutation, and a novel thermophilic DNA polymerase prepared by the method.
US07820418B2 Corn fractionation method
An improved method for processing corn into ethanol and other valuable co-products. The invention generally involves a multi-step process which produces germ (or oil), protein, and feed yeast as its co-products while maintaining or enhancing the provision of fermentable sugar to ethanol fermentation. This is accomplished by fundamentally altering the way the corn is fractionated, disrupting the cell walls rather than the protein matrix as is done in conventional wet milling.
US07820417B2 Methods and systems for biomass conversion to carboxylic acids and alcohols
The disclosure includes a method, process and apparatus for the conversion of biomass to carboxylic acids and/or primary alcohols. The system may include a pretreatment/fermentation subsystem operable to produce a fermentation broth containing carboxylic acid salts from biomass, such as lignocellulosic biomass. The system may also include a dewatering subsystem operable to remove excess water from the fermentation broth to produce a concentrated product. The system may also includes an acid springing subsystem operable to produce a mixed carboxylic acid product. The system may also include a hydrogenation subsystem operable to produce an alcohol mixture, such as a mixture containing primary alcohols. Methods of operating this system or other systems to obtain a carboxylic acid or alcohol mixture are also provided.
US07820416B2 Process for producing amide compound and acrylamide polymer
In a method for producing an amide compound of the present invention including obtaining an amide compound from a nitrile compound using a microbial catalyst and transferring a solution containing the microbial catalyst and the amide compound, a positive-displacement pump is used for transferring the solution containing a microbial catalyst and an amide compound to obtain an amide compound having few impurities. A monomer including (meth)acrylamide obtained by the method for producing an amide compound is polymerized to prepare an acrylamide polymer having a high-molecular mass and high solubility and being colorless.
US07820411B2 Escherichia coli-derived vaccine and therapy against botulism
A method of producing botulinum toxin C-terminal receptor binding domain (HCR) is disclosed. The one embodiment, the method comprises the steps of (a) preparing E. coli transformed with an expression vector comprising DNA encoding HCR protein, (b) inducing expression of the HCR protein at a reduced temperature in a culture media, and (c) purifying the HCR protein via extraction, wherein the extraction comprises a clarification by centrifugation and a filtration, wherein the purified HCR protein is at least 10 mg/L of culture medium.
US07820410B2 Proteins with high immunoreactivity and method for their production
The invention relates to (glyco-) proteins, in particular monoclonal antibodies, which have an immunoreactivity of >81%, preferably >90%. The inventive monoclonal antibodies are produced using a fluidized bed reactor in conjunction with a conventional protein-chemical purification method or preferably with a purification method involving less column chromatography. The monoclonal antibodies thus produced are suitable, in gamma-irradiated form, e.g. Tc-99m labeled, for the in vivo diagnosis of inflammatory diseases and bone marrow metastases. In alpha- or beta-irradiated form, e.g. astatine or Re-188 or Y-90 labeled form, the inventive monoclonal antibodies can be used, for example, in the treatment of leukemia.
US07820409B2 Chimeric human growth hormone derived from the placenta and pituitary isoform and processes for obtaining said chimera
A way to increase the production of recombinant polypeptides by combining pieces of several different isoforms of a given gene to make a chimeric isoform of the gene (using a chimeric gene can increase the production of polypeptide over 25%), or by inserting several copies of the coding region in tandem into a transformation vector (e.g., plasmids carrying multiple copies of the chimera of SEQ ID NO: 3 increased production 107%).
US07820406B2 Expression of heterologous functional oxygen-sensitive proteins in filamentous cyanobacteria
Functional oxygen-sensitive proteins are expressed in a heterologous diazotrophic cyanobacteria cell in the presence of ambient extracellular oxygen.
US07820402B2 Immunoassay element
The immunoassay element for quantitatively analyzing an antigen by determining the change in enzymatic activity of an enzyme-labelled antigen or antibody caused by an immunological reaction. The immunoassay element comprises a substrate layer containing a non-diffusible substrate which forms a diffusible material in the presence of the labelling enzyme, and a reagent layer containing a fragmenting enzyme for further fragmenting the diffusible material into a lower molecular weight product. As the non-diffusible substrate, a substrate capable of reacting solely with the labelling enzyme and incapable of reacting the fragmenting enzyme is utilized. When an endo-active glucosidase is used as the labelling enzyme, and an exo-active glucosidase is used the fragmenting enzyme in the reagent layer, the non-diffusible substrate of the substrate layer is preferred to be an endo type selectively reactive substrate, which means a substrate having a reactivity specific to endo-active glucosidase. Highly sensitive assay is realized with high accuracy and high reproducibility and good storage stability.
US07820398B2 Immunosorbent blood tests for assessing paroxysmal cerebral discharges
Immunosorbents, kits and compositions for diagnosing a central nervous system disorder, particularly paroxysmal cerebral discharges and epilepsy, comprising measuring the concentration of GluR1 or fragment thereof and/or GluR1 antibodies in a biological sample from a human subject. The method is particularly useful for identifying individuals that are at risk for brain related seizures and epilepsy, for distinguishing epilepsy from pseudo-epilepsy and epilepsy-like disorders, for following up after anticonvulsive treatment, and for the adjustment of adequate therapy and doses.
US07820395B2 Orientia tsutsugamushi truncated recombinant outer membrane protein (R47) and (R56) vaccines diagnostics and therapeutics for scrub typhus
A scrub typhus diagnostic method and vaccine using a composition comprising truncated r47 protein and truncated r56 protein is disclosed. Vaccines composed of r56 protein variants are also disclosed. Methods of reducing HIV viral loads using r47 and r56 proteins and antibodies raised against r47 and r56 are also disclosed.
US07820394B2 Ultrasensitive bioanalytical assays based on the use of high-gain catalytic chemical amplification
The invention relates to ultrasensitive bioanalytical assays based on the use of high-gain catalytic chemical amplification methods. The ultrasensitive bioanalytical assays of the invention utilize high gain catalytic chemical amplification methods to detect the presence and to quantify the concentrations of target analytes labeled with specific binding reagents or biomarkers comprising a catalyst or a catalyst precursor.
US07820392B2 Cotton event PV-GHGT07(1445) and compositions and methods for detection thereof
The present invention provides DNA compositions and assays for detecting the presence of the DNA compositions in PV-GHGT07(1445) cotton event based on the DNA sequence of the recombinant construct inserted into the cotton genome and of the genomic sequences flanking the insertion site. Kits and conditions useful in conducting the assays are provided.
US07820387B2 Reactions on a solid surface
The present invention relates to compositions and methods for the detection and characterization of nucleic acid sequences and variations in nucleic acid sequences. The present invention relates to methods for forming a nucleic acid cleavage structure on a solid support and cleaving the nucleic acid cleavage structure in a site-specific manner. For example, in some embodiments, a 5′ nuclease activity from any of a variety of enzymes is used to cleave the target-dependent cleavage structure, thereby indicating the presence of specific nucleic acid sequences or specific variations thereof.
US07820386B2 Cancer screening method
A method for screening cancer comprises the following steps: (1) providing a test specimen; (2) detecting the methylation state of the CpG sequence in at least one target gene within the genomic DNA of the test specimen, wherein the target genes is consisted of SOX1, PAX1, LMX1A, NKX6-1, WT1 and ONECUT1; and (3) determining whether there is cancer or cancerous pathological change in the specimen based on the presence or absence of the methylation state in the target gene; wherein method for detecting methylation state is methylation-specific PCR (MSP), quantitative methylation-specific PCR (QMSP), bisulfite sequencing (BS), microarrays, mass spectrometer, denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC), and pyrosequencing.
US07820380B2 Genetic polymorphisms associated with liver fibrosis
The present invention is based on the discovery of genetic polymorphisms that are associated with liver fibrosis and related pathologies. In particular, the present invention relates to nucleic acid molecules containing the polymorphisms, variant proteins encoded by such nucleic acid molecules, reagents for detecting the polymorphic nucleic acid molecules and proteins, and methods of using the nucleic acid and proteins as well as methods of using reagents for their detection.
US07820373B2 Natriuretic peptides and placenta growth factor levels for risk stratification
The present invention relates to a method for determining a risk whether an individual will suffer from a cardiovascular adverse event as a consequence of cardiac stress testing, comprising the steps of (a) measuring, preferably in vitro, the level of placenta growth factor, wherein (b) if the level of the placenta growth factor is at least increased, then the individual is at least at risk of suffering from an adverse event as a consequence of cardiac stress testing. In a further embodiment, additionally another marker is measured, particularly a natriuretic peptide, most particularly NT-proBNP. The present invention allows to stratify patients according to the environment and conditions under which cardiac stress testing should be carried out.
US07820372B2 Dual-band micro-planar inverted F antenna used for biomolecular finger print and its identification method
The present invention relates to a dual-band micro-planar inverted F antenna (MPIFA), which is made based on a new type of printed circuit board (PCB), and its identification method to all different biomolecular concentration. This device works under 3 GHz and 7 GHz microwave frequency bands, and can predict the relationship for different absorbed biomolecular concentrations versus frequencies with the impedance value, dB(S(1,1)) parameter, and the variance of phase versus the frequency obtained from the measurement.
US07820370B2 Multicolor thermal imaging method and thermal imaging member for use therein
A multicolor direct thermal imaging method and an imaging member for use therein, wherein a multicolor image is formed in a thermal imaging member having at least two different image-forming compositions capable of forming two different colors. Heat is used to form an image in the first color at a first speed of travel of the thermal imaging member with respect to the source of heat, and heat is used to form an image in the second color at a second speed of travel of the thermal imaging member with respect to the source of heat, where the first speed of travel and the second speed of travel are different from each other.
US07820369B2 Method for patterning a low activation energy photoresist
Polymers containing an acetal or ketal linkage and their use in lithographic photoresist compositions, particularly in chemical amplification photoresists, are provided. The polymer is prepared from at least one first olefinic monomer containing an acetal or ketal linkage, the acid-catalyzed cleavage of which renders the polymer soluble in aqueous base; and at least one second olefinic monomer selected from (i) an olefinic monomer containing a pendant fluorinated hydroxyalkyl group RH, (ii) an olefinic monomer containing a pendant fluorinated alkylsulfonamide group RS, and (iii) combinations thereof. The acetal or ketal linkage may be contained within an acid-cleavable substituent RCL in the first olefinic monomer. A method for using the photoresist compositions containing these polymers in preparing a patterned substrate is also provided in which the polymer is rendered soluble in aqueous base at a temperature of less than about 100° C. by acid-catalyzed deprotection of pendent acetal- or ketal-protected carboxylic acid groups.
US07820360B2 Polymer compound, negative resist composition, and method of forming resist pattern
There are provided a polymer compound which can form a resist pattern with excellent resolution, and a negative resist composition containing the polymer compound and a resist pattern-forming method thereof.The present invention is a polymer compound containing a structural unit (a0) represented by a general formula (a0-1) shown below. (wherein, R represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group or a halogenated alkyl group; and R0 represents an alkyl group containing a hydroxyl group.) Also, the present invention is a negative resist composition, including: an alkali soluble resin component (A), an acid generator component (B) that generates acid upon exposure, and a cross-linking agent (C), wherein the alkali soluble resin component (A) contains a polymer compound (A1) having a structural unit (a0) represented by the general formula (a0-1) shown above.
US07820357B2 Polymerizable composition and planographic printing plate precursor using the same
There is provided a polymerizable composition comprising (A) a binder polymer, (B) a polymerizable compound having an unsaturated group, and (C) a diaryl iodonium salt having at least two electron-donating groups. The iodonium salt (C) preferably has three or more electron-donating groups. This polymerizable composition is useful as a recording layer of a negative type planographic printing plate precursor.
US07820356B2 Optical waveguides and methods thereof
Embodiments in accordance with the present invention provide waveguide structures and methods of forming such structures where core and laterally adjacent cladding regions are defined. Some embodiments of the present invention provide waveguide structures where core regions are collectively surrounded by laterally adjacent cladding regions and cladding layers and methods of forming such structures.
US07820354B2 Method for producing toner
The present invention relates to a process for producing a toner including the steps of melt-kneading raw materials containing two or more kinds of polyesters, heat-treating a melt-kneaded product, pulverizing a heat-treated product, and classifying a pulverized product, wherein the two or more kinds of polyesters contain at least one kind of an amorphous polyester, and the heat-treating step is carried out at a temperature t (° C.) and time h (hour) satisfying the following formulas (a) and (b), Tg1≦t≦Tm−10  (a) h≧100/(t−30), with proviso that t>30  (b) wherein Tg1 is a glass transition temperature (° C.) of the melt-kneaded product before the heat-treating step; and Tm is the lowest softening point (° C.) of softening points of the two or more kinds of polyesters, and the toner produced by the process. The toner obtained according to the present invention is suitably used, for example, for developing latent images formed in electrophotography, electrostatic recording method, electrostatic printing method, or the like.
US07820352B2 Image forming method
Image forming method comprising a step of fixing a toner image in a fixing device of a contact heating system, wherein the toner comprises a resin which comprises a polyester resin and a styrene-aryl resin and is formed by a process comprising allowing a polyvalent carboxylic acid and a polyvalent alcohol to condensation-polymerize in the presence of a styrene monomer and an acrylic acid ester monomer in an aqueous medium to form the polyester resin and allowing the styrene monomer and the acrylic acid ester monomer to radical-polymerize to form the styrene-acryl resin; the fixing device of a contact heating system comprises a heating roller and a belt-form pressure means.
US07820350B2 Toner, developer, toner container, process cartridge, image forming apparatus, and image forming method
A toner containing a colorant, and a binder resin, wherein the toner is prepared by dissolving or dispersing a colorant, a precursor of the binder resin having a site capable of reacting with an active hydrogen group-containing compound, the active hydrogen group-containing compound, in an organic solvent, to prepare a toner constituent mixture liquid, dispersing or emulsifying the toner constituent mixture liquid, in an aqueous medium while subjecting the precursor to a reaction with the active hydrogen group-containing compound, to prepare a toner dispersion, and removing the organic solvent from the toner dispersion; the binder resin contains a modified polyester having an isocyanate-derived binding site; the Sn content in the toner is 800 ppm or less; the content of a metal which is non Sn and derived from a polyesterified catalyst is 10 ppm to 200 ppm; and the content of a metal which is non Sn and derived from an isocyanated catalyst is 10 ppm to 200 ppm.
US07820344B2 Method for forming line pattern array, photomask having the same and semiconductor device fabricated thereby
A method of forming a line pattern array comprises the steps of setting a layout which includes first continuous line patterns arranged to have a first line width and a second continuous line pattern arranged to have a second line width larger than the first line width and positioned outside the first continuous line patterns; transferring the layout on a wafer; and inducing light scattering by changing an outermost pattern of the first continuous line patterns, which is most closely adjacent to the second continuous line patterns, into a plurality of dotted line patterns, wherein the plurality of the dotted patterns are arranged in a line form in order that a line pattern, which is different from the first continuous line patterns in line width, is formed based on a size of the dotted patterns.
US07820343B2 Method for producing a photomask, method for patterning a layer or layer stack and resist stack on a mask substrate
Methods for producing a photomask or layer or stack patterning include applying two resists to a layer, a layer stack, or a mask substrate (collectively “the layer”). Sensitivity of the first resist with respect to the exposure dose is greater than sensitivity of the second. Both resists are subjected to an exposure dose in defined regions of the layer surface, the dose varying locally between first and second doses. The first dose is chosen to expose the first resist but not the second. The second dose is chosen to expose the second resist. After a first development of the second and of the first resist the layer is etched at the uncovered locations for a first time. After complete removal of the second resist and a second development of the first resist, the layer is etched. As a result, it is possible to produce structures of different depths in the layer.
US07820342B2 Multiple mask and method for producing differently doped regions
In order to produce doping regions (DG) in a substrate (S) having different dopings with the aid of a single mask (DM) different mask regions are provided which have elongated mask openings (MO) having different orientations relative to the spatial direction of an oblique implantation. The substrate is rotated between the first and second oblique implantations, wherein during the first oblique implantation maximum and minimum shadings in the different mask regions are opposite one another and the conditions are precisely reversed during the second oblique implantation after the rotation of the substrate.
US07820340B2 Laser induced thermal imaging (LITI) mask and an organic electroluminescent device fabrication method using the mask
A Laser Induced Thermal Imaging (LITI) mask and an organic electroluminescent device fabrication method using the mask provides a LITI mask in which corner regions are reinforced to improve adhesive force between a receptor substrate and a transfer layer on corners of a pixel portion of the receptor substrate, and an organic electroluminescent device fabrication method using such a LITI mask.
US07820336B2 Fuel cell bipolar plate, and fuel cell
A fuel cell bipolar plate has a front surface and a rear surface opposite to each other, and flash and a receding portion. The flash is provided on the front surface at an outer peripheral portion of the bipolar plate and projects in a direction crossing the front surface. The receding portion is provided on the rear surface at an outer peripheral portion of the bipolar plate in a geometry capable of accommodating flash.
US07820332B2 Electrolyte sheet with regions of different compositions and fuel cell device including such
An electrolyte sheet comprising two major surfaces, the electrolyte sheet including regions of differing compositions, so that (i) at least one of these regions has at least 1.5 times higher ionic conductivity than at least one other region; (ii) wherein the at least one other region has 20% more tetragonal phase zirconia per volume than the least one region with higher ionic conductivity; and (iii) when viewed in cross-section taken through said major surfaces at least one of the regions exhibits a non-uniform thickness.
US07820323B1 Metal borate synthesis process
The carboxyl borate represents a novel liquid that upon reaction with lithium halide produces a lithium ion electrochemical device electrolyte upon dissolution in an aprotic solvent mixture.
US07820322B2 Battery module for medium or large size battery pack
Disclosed herein is a battery module for medium- or large-sized battery packs, including a plurality of unit cells, wherein the unit cells are generally plate-shaped unit cells, and the unit cells are electrically connected with each other while the unit cells are arranged in a module case so as to constitute at least two rows and at least two columns. According to the present invention, integration of the battery module is highly improved. Especially, the vertical-direction mechanical strength of the battery module is further increased, and the number of connecting members necessary for the electrical connection between the unit cells is reduced.
US07820318B2 Universal battery mount
A battery mount is disclosed. The battery mount includes a body having a lateral axis, a central groove extending along the lateral axis, and an arcuate cut-out extending from a top surface of the body on either side of the lateral axis.
US07820311B2 Ferroelectric recording medium and writing method for the same
A ferroelectric recording medium and a writing method for the same are provided. The ferroelectric recording medium includes a ferroelectric layer which reverses its polarization when receiving a predetermined coercive voltage. A nonvolatile anisotrophic conduction layer is formed on the ferroelectric layer. A resistance of the anisotrophic conduction layer decreases when receiving a first voltage lower than the coercive voltage, and the resistance of the anisotrophic conduction layer increases when receiving a second voltage higher than the coercive voltage. Multi-bit information is stored by a combination of polarization states of the ferroelectric layer and the resistance of the anisotrophic conduction layer. Accordingly, multiple bits can be expressed on one domain of the ferroelectric recording medium.
US07820308B2 Surface-coated hard material for cutting tools or wear-resistant tools
The present invention provides a thin film coated on a cutting tool surface made of cemented carbides, cermets or ceramics. According to the present invention, an α-Al2O3thin film is deposited on a TiAlvBwCxNyOz (v+w+x+y+z=1, v, w, x, y, z≧0) thin film in a thickness of 2-15 μm, so that the ratio of TC (104) (denoting the texture coefficient of the (104) crystal plane of the polycrystalline α-Al2O3 thin film) to TC (012) (denoting the texture coefficient of the (012) crystal) is more than 1.3. Cutting tools coated with such a thin film have improved wear resistance and adhesion.
US07820304B2 Corrosion/abrasion-resistant composite cookware
A composite metal sheet (20) comprising a core layer (24) of drawable aluminum alloy such as 3003 or 3004 aluminum alloy roll bonded to a thinner layer (26) of 5456 aluminum alloy, the composite metal sheet including a layer (22) of stainless steel roll bonded to the layer of drawable aluminum (24) on the opposite side from the 5456 aluminum alloy layer (26). The composite metal sheet is useful in forming drawn cookware (2) such as fry pans, stock pots, and the like wherein the stainless steel layer (22) forms the cooking surface and the 5456 aluminum alloy layer (26) forms the exterior surface of the cookware.
US07820299B2 Method to produce an element subject to wear, and element subject to wear thus obtained
Method to produce an element (10) subject to wear, such as a mechanical member, an abrasion or crushing tool or suchlike, comprising a metal matrix (14) and at least a core (12) of ceramic material. The method comprises a preliminary step wherein the core (12) is prepared by mixing at least a first component with a base of aluminum oxide in the form of a (a-Al2O3) with a second component comprising a eutectic compound with a base of a-Al2O3 and ZrO2, a second step wherein the core (12) is arranged in a mold, so as to define a free volume inside the mold, and a third step wherein a molten metal material is cast into the mold, to occupy the free volume so as to anchor to the core (12) and thus form a single body.
US07820296B2 Low-maintenance coating technology
The invention provides a substrate bearing a low-maintenance coating. In some embodiments, the coating includes a low-maintenance film that includes a thickness of film comprising titania, wherein only part of that thickness includes tungsten. The thickness includes an inner portion and an outer portion, the outer portion being the part that includes tungsten. The invention also provides methods and equipment for depositing such coatings.
US07820295B2 Fluorine-doped tin oxide transparent conductive film glass and method of fabricating the same
Disclosed herein are a fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) transparent conductive film glass used for defogging purposes comprising a glass layer, a dielectric barrier layer, a functional layer, a metal electrode layer, a plastic intermediate layer, and a glass layer, stacked in this sequential order, in which the functional layer comprises an FTO transparent conductive film having a molar ratio of F to Sn in the range of 0.5 to 2, mainly including a (301) crystal plane and being formed by a spray coating method, and a method of fabricating the same.
US07820294B2 Touch panel and method of manufacturing the same
A touch panel includes a light-transmittable upper substrate, a light-transmittable upper resistor layer on a lower surface of the upper substrate, a light-transmittable lower substrate, a light-transmittable lower resistor layer on an upper surface of the lower substrate, an adhesive layer on an upper surface of the upper substrate, and a light-transmittable plate on the adhesive layer. The upper substrate is made of material having oxygen and nitrogen removed therefrom. The lower resistor layer faces the upper resistor layer by a distance. The light-transmittable plate disables oxygen and nitrogen to pass through the plate substantively. Even being used in high temperatures, this touch panel does not produce an air bubble in the adhesive layer, hence allowing a user to clearly view a display device through the touch panel.
US07820292B2 Nanostructured coating for a carrying base
The invention pertains to high-molecular compound-based composite materials using carbon in nanostructured coatings including additional elements and bonds.Nanostructured coating of the carrying base comprises layers of amorphous carbon of sp-, sp2- and sp3-hybridized states of carbon atoms.New is that coating with a highly-developed surface of the polyester film base is directly bonded by the layer of sp3-hybridized state of carbon atoms and has on top an extra metal layer 25-250 nm thick; at the same time the film base surface has corrugations 10-30 nm deep and/or is furnished with pores 0.2-6 micron in size of a total volume of 10-60%, with ⅕-⅓ portion of pores made through.The proposed technical solution is a new film material with functional nanostructured coating intended to be used as an anode of the electrolytic capacitor due to an accumulated electric potential in current-carrying layers separated by the polyester base having a highly developed modified surface that provided their adhesion and improved the electrophysical characteristics of the material.
US07820289B2 Inorganic-organic melt-extruded hybrid yarns and fibrous composite medical devices thereof
Composite fibrous constructs are made of combinations of inorganic-organic hybrid monofilament or multifilament yarns containing at least 6 weight percent of inorganic micro-/nanoparticles and organic monofilament or multifilament yarn with typical examples of the hybrid yarn matrix made of absorbable or non-absorbable thermoplastic polymers and final constructs being in the form of knitted or woven meshes and braided ligatures intended to perform under specific mechanically, biologically, and/or radiologically related functions.
US07820277B2 Wiper and method for manufacturing the same
Disclosed is a wiper which is which is highly retentive of water, soft to the touch, and improved in sheet strength and a method for manufacturing the same. An interlining layer contains pulp fibers, first and second surfacing layers contain non-fusible fibers, and a reinforcing layer contains fusible fibers and rayon fibers. The fusible fibers are fusion-bonded but the non-fusible fibers remain unfused. Sheet surfaces are free from the fusible fibers.
US07820274B2 Prepreg and conductive layer-laminated substrate for printed wiring board
A prepreg having low dielectric constant, low dielectric loss, and high heat cycle resistance. The prepreg includes a sheet-like preform and a resin-impregnated, sheet-like, fiber-reinforced material thermal pressure adhered to the sheet-like preform. The sheet-like preform includes a graft copolymer (a) in which 15 to 40 parts by mass of an aromatic vinyl monomer are grafted to 60 to 85 parts by mass of a random or block copolymer comprising monomer units selected from nonpolar α-olefin monomers and nonpolar conjugated diene monomers. The resin-impregnated, sheet-like, fiber-reinforced material includes a sheet-like, fiber-reinforced material (b1) and a thermoplastic resin (b2) into which the sheet-like, fiber-reinforced material (b1) is impregnated. The thermoplastic resin (b2) is a random or block copolymer composed of 60 to 90 mass % of a monomer unit, which is selected from nonpolar α-olefin monomers and nonpolar conjugated diene monomers, and 10 to 40 mass % of an aromatic vinyl monomer unit.
US07820270B2 Methods for forming improved self-assembled patterns of block copolymers
A method for forming self-assembled patterns on a substrate surface is provided. First, a block copolymer layer, which comprises a block copolymer having two or more immiscible polymeric block components, is applied onto a substrate that comprises a substrate surface with a trench therein. The trench specifically includes at least one narrow region flanked by two wide regions, and wherein the trench has a width variation of more than 50%. Annealing is subsequently carried out to effectuate phase separation between the two or more immiscible polymeric block components in the block copolymer layer, thereby forming periodic patterns that are defined by repeating structural units. Specifically, the periodic patterns at the narrow region of the trench are aligned in a predetermined direction and are essentially free of defects. Block copolymer films formed by the above-described method as well as semiconductor structures comprising such block copolymer films are also described.
US07820269B2 Transfer film
Described is a transfer film, in particular a hot embossing film, which includes a carrier film (22) and a transfer layer portion having a structure layer (14), the transfer layer portion being arranged on the carrier film (22) and being detachable from the carrier film (22). It is provided that the carrier film (22) has a master relief structure (22m) on its side towards the structure layer (14), the structure layer (14) on its side towards the carrier film (22) has a first relief structure (14o) complementary to the master relief structure (22m) of the carrier film (22), the structure layer (14) on its side remote from the carrier film (22) has a second relief structure (14u) which differs from the first relief structure (14o), and the second relief structure (14u) is covered at least region-wise with a reflection layer (16). There are further provided a process for the production of the transfer film, a multi-layer body formed with the structure layer and a security document having the multi-layer body.
US07820268B2 Door skin, a method of etching a plate for forming a wood grain pattern in the door skin, and an etched plate formed therefrom
The present invention is directed to a door skin having an exterior surface with an woodgrain pattern formed therein, and an etched plate for use as an embossing plate or with a molded die set, for forming the woodgrain pattern in the door skin. The exterior surface has outer portions lying on a first plane, spaced grooves recessed from the plane of the outer portions, and halftone portions. The halftone portions have spaced protrusions defined by channels, wherein the channels are recessed from the plane of the outer portions.
US07820263B2 Volume hologram laminate
The present invention relates to a volume hologram laminate with low generation of spotty hologram flaws in the volume hologram layer even when kept under pressurized conditions during storage, and to a volume hologram laminate-fabricating label. The volume hologram laminate 1 of the invention has a first adhesive layer 3, a volume hologram layer 5, a second adhesive layer 4 and a surface protective film 6 formed in that order on a substrate 1, wherein the volume hologram layer is a hologram recording in a recording material comprising a matrix polymer and a photopolymerizable compound, having a glass transition point of 30° C.-70° C. and a dynamic storage elastic modulus of 5×105 Pa-5×107 Pa at 50° C. when measured at 6.28 rad/s, and the second adhesive layer has a dynamic storage elastic modulus of no greater than 5×104 Pa or at least 2.5×105 Pa at 50° C. when measured at 6.28 rad/s.
US07820262B2 Retail merchandising strip
A source roll having a first layer of liner paper and a second roll of two-sided adhesive is fed through a pair of rollers having six aligned rotary die cutters sized to cut through only the adhesive layer. The excess adhesive web is peeling off and removed from the process. The liner paper with spaced apart sets of six aligned adhesive dots is then laminated with a clear plastic having two sides, one uncoated and one coated, to allow the clear plastic to be easily rolled up and then unrolled, and the liner paper is peeled off and removed from the process. The material remaining having the adhesive circular dots is cut into six long strips each having six adhesive dots which can be used to display small discrete packages. As a part of marketing small discrete packages of snack foods or other goods, a plurality of the discrete packages are attached to a plurality of adhesive elements, respectively, and the plastic strips with the discrete packages attached thereto are shipped from a manufacturing location to a marketing location.
US07820260B2 Package, particularly for horticultural products and food products in general, manufacturable with automatic packaging machines
A package particularly for horticultural products and food products in general, which can be manufactured with automatic packaging machines, comprising a sheet-like element in reel form, which is constituted by a biaxially-stretched polyethylene net which has a first plurality of filaments arranged substantially parallel to the longitudinal unreeling direction of the reel and a second plurality of filaments which are substantially perpendicular to the first plurality of filaments, the sheet-like element being folded and welded to itself at least at portions of the edges of the manufactured package.
US07820258B2 Container and composition for enhanced gas barrier properties
A container comprising a polyester composition with enhanced carbon dioxide and oxygen barrier properties is provided. The polyester composition comprises a polyester and a purine derivative. In a particular embodiment, the purine derivative comprises a purine dione, such as caffeine.
US07820256B2 Stirring rod
The invention relates to a rod, particularly a stirring rod for liquids, said stirring rod comprising a hollow structure, which is made of transparent material and the interior of which is filled with liquid and/or gas, and in which is present at least one solid body, at least one other solid body forming a hollow space being provided in the hollow structure of the rod instead of or in addition to the solid bodies, and other solid bodies being located inside the hollow space of the body.
US07820252B2 Transflective film, transflective polarizer, and polarizing light source device and liquid crystal display device using the same
The present invention provides a transflective film comprising a polymer film having an in-plane phase retardation value of about 30 nm or less and a transflective layer made of an inorganic compound, wherein the transflective layer is coated on the polymer film and a reflectance of the transflective film is from about 10% to about 95%. When an absorption-type polarizer is laminated to the polymer film side of the transflective film, a transflective polarizer is provided. When a reflection-type polarizer is laminated to the transflective layer side of the transflective film, a transflective polarizer used in a system improving luminance is provided. Using these transflective polarizers, a polarizing light source device and a transflective liquid crystal display device are provided.
US07820250B2 Liquid crystal optical modulation element and optical head device
To provide a liquid crystal optical modulation element which is excellent in durability against blue laser and which can maintain the characteristics for a long period of time.A liquid crystal optical modulation element to modulate a laser beam having a wavelength of at most 500 nm, which comprises a layer of a polymer liquid crystal composition sandwiched between a pair of transparent substrates facing each other, characterized in that each of the pair of transparent substrates has an alignment film on the surface which faces the other transparent substrate, and the polymer liquid crystal composition is a polymer liquid crystal containing a hindered amine compound and a hindered phenol compound.
US07820247B2 Curtain-type coater
Curtain-type coater and process for coating a web with curtain-type coater. Curtain-type coater includes a curtain head having a slit structured and arranged to supply a coating liquid curtain onto a surface of a web and outside of the edges of the web. At least a portion of the slit forming the coating liquid curtain outside the edges of the web has a width greater than a portion of the slit forming the coating liquid curtain supplied onto the web.
US07820245B2 Method of synthesizing single-wall carbon nanotubes
A method for synthesizing single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) generally includes the steps of: providing a substrate having an upper portion comprised of indium tin oxide; forming an aluminum layer on the upper portion of the substrate; forming a catalyst layer on the aluminum layer to obtain a treated substrate; annealing the treated substrate so as to transform the catalyst layer into a plurality of oxidized catalyst particles on the substrate; and growing a plurality of single-wall carbon nanotubes on the treated substrate using a chemical vapor deposition process.
US07820235B2 Process for producing coated sheet, optically functional layer, optically compensating plate, optical device and image display
The method of cleaning a coated sheet according to the present invention is characterized in that dry wind is brown along the traveling direction of a film onto the surface of a coating layer wherein the solid content and the viscosity of the coating solution are within specified ranges. By this method, the thickness precision of the coating film can be improved in its large area, and the evenness of its in-plane optically functional property can be made even therein. The speed of the dry wind, the temperature of the wind, and the thickness of the dried coating film are preferably within specified ranges. In particular, the coated sheet is very useful as an optical material having good properties in an optically functional layer which is frequently used as a large-area coated sheet, an optical device having such an optically functional layer, an optically compensating layer, or an optically compensating plate. The coated sheet is particularly effective for an image display on which they are mounted.
US07820230B2 Plasma doping processing device and method thereof
An amount of leakage of a substrate-cooling gas into a vacuum container is measured by using a flow-rate measuring device so that the flow rate of a diluting gas that is the same as the substrate-cooling gas is controlled by a control device or a plasma doping time is prolonged, in accordance with the amount of leakage.
US07820227B2 Biolithographical deposition and materials and devices formed therefrom
A method for biolithographical deposition of molecules is provided. According to an embodiment of the method, a reactive layer (e.g., a polysaccharide mass) having a surface region coated with a biologically compatible resist is provided. A portion of the biologically compatible resist is selectively removed to expose an exposed portion of the reactive layer. Molecules, such as biomolecules and/or cellular species, are then conjugated to the exposed portion of the reactive layer. Also provided are materials and devices related to the method.
US07820224B2 Preparation of oyster flesh extracts
The invention relates to the preparation of oyster flesh extracts. Raw oyster flesh is placed in an extractor with a solution stored in it. The extractor is closed up tight and subjected to a reduced pressure to extract oyster flesh extracts from the raw oyster flesh, and they are fed into the solution in the extractor. An extraction solution with the oyster flesh extracts fed in it is concentrated. An alcohol solution is added to the concentrated solution to precipitate out the oyster flesh extracts. The precipitates are dried into dry oyster flesh extracts.
US07820222B2 Organic, ergogenic, isotonic soft drink composition
The present invention relates to an organic, ergogenic, isotonic soft drink, composition causing and energy enhancing internally soothing effect: comprising a brewed extract from leaves of Cymbopogon Citratus, and of Ginger, and of Peppermint, Sugar or other sweeteners and optionally, other flavors and purified water and a method of producing the soft drink composition; which drink imbibed produces in the imbiber an energy, internally soothing effect which includes stimulation of mitochondrial efficiency in the digestive organs, and enhancement of a more efficient intake of oxygen into the user's body.
US07820218B2 Methods and apparatus for forming shaped edible pieces
A method for forming thin edible pieces uses two continuous belts that cooperate to form a fill cavity. An edible mass, such as chocolate, is flowed into the fill cavity where it forms an edible blank which is transported on a belt path with the two belts moving in tandem. After the edible blank is released from the first or second continuous belt, a three-dimensional shape may be imparted to the edible blank at a forming station using one or more stamping dies or a forming drum. Using the techniques and apparatus described herein, novel edible products, and particularly novel chocolate products, can be made having shape characteristics that cannot be obtained using known molding or forming techniques.
US07820215B2 Apparatus and method for producing colored extruded food products
An apparatus and associated method for varying the color and/or flavor of an extruded food product during a single production run of a single extrusion device. The apparatus includes a multi-additive injection system, which is attached to a fluid supply line of an extrusion device. The injection system is comprised of a plurality of additive supply tanks, which are each in fluid communication with the fluid supply line via an injection manifold, and a metering mechanism which selectively controls the amount of additive injected into the supply line by each individual supply tank. The injection system may also include a central control mechanism for calibrating the amount of additive injected into the supply line and for maintaining a constant fluid volume added to the extrusion device. Each of the additive supply tanks may contain a different colorant and/or flavoring. Two variants of the injection manifold are provided as well as a novel injection sequence for use with the disclosed system.
US07820214B2 Food consumption appliance
A food consumption appliance having a first chamber and a second chamber, where the first chamber contains a liquid and the second chamber contains a dry comestible, where each chamber has an opening into a common mouthpiece so that when the appliance is tipped, the liquid and dry comestible exit into the mouthpiece.
US07820209B2 Methods and compositions for controlling pests
The present invention is directed to pest-controlling compositions comprising as active ingredients one or more β-diones, particularly β-diketones and β-triketones, and to the use of these compositions inter alia for preventing, eradicating, destroying, repelling or mitigating harmful, annoying or undesired pests including insects, arachnids, helminths, molluscs, protozoa and viruses. The present invention is further directed to processes of preparing β-diones by de novo synthesis or from natural sources such as volatile oil-bearing plants from families including Alliaceae, Apiaceae, Asteraceae, Cannabinaceae, Lamiaceae, Pteridaceae, Myrtaceae, Myoporaceae, Proteaceae, Rutaceae and Zingiberaceae.
US07820204B2 Drug delivery system targeting to estrogen receptor over-expressed cells
A vector for targeted delivery of drugs into estrogen receptors over-expressed cells is disclosed. The vector of the present invention is mainly about an active targeting delivery carrier which consists of a plurality of nanoparticles including: (i) a plurality of targeted moiety conjugated to the outer surface of the nanoparticles, the moiety being capable of binding with the estrogen receptor of a target cell, and (ii) bioactive agents encapsulated in the nanoparticles or forming complex with the nanoparticles. The targeted moiety of the present invention can also be conjugated to parent drugs for prodrug design.
US07820203B2 Modified release dosage forms of skeletal muscle relaxants
A unit dosage form, such as a capsule or the like, for delivering a skeletal muscle relaxant, such as cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride, into the body in an extended or sustained release fashion comprising one or more populations of drug-containing particles (beads, pellets, granules, etc.) is disclosed. At least one bead population exhibits a pre-designed sustained release profile. Such a drug delivery system is designed for once-daily oral administration to maintain an adequate plasma concentration—time profile, thereby providing relief of muscle spasm associated with painful musculoskeletal conditions over a 24 hour period.
US07820199B2 Stable extended release oral dosage composition
A film-coated extended release solid oral dosage composition containing a nasal decongestant, pseudoephedrine or salt thereof, e.g., pseudoephedrine sulfate in a core effective to provide a geometric maximum plasma concentration of pseudoephedrine of about 345 ng/mL to about 365 ng/mL at a time of about 7.60 hrs to about 8.40 hrs and having two or three film-coatings on the core, the second one containing an amount of the non-sedating antihistamine, desloratadine, effective to provide a geometric maximum plasma concentration of desloratadine of about 2.15 ng/mL to about 2.45 ng/mL at a time of about 4.0 hours to about 4.5 hours, and use of the composition for treating patients showing the signs and symptoms associated with allergic and/or inflammatory conditions of the skin and airway passages are disclosed.
US07820195B2 Micronized device for the delivery of biologically active molecules and methods of use thereof
The invention provides micronized encapsulated cell therapy devices that are capable of delivering a biologically active molecule to the eye. Also provided are methods of using the same to deliver biologically active molecules to the eye and to treat ophthalmic disorders in patients suffering there from.
US07820188B2 Air treatment device with controlled pore size substrate
Disclosed are substrates suited for dispensing air treatment chemicals upon being heated. Granular particles, preferably sand with a phenolic binder, are adhered together to form a substrate body having a network of pores. A volatile air treatment chemical is disposed in the pores. The particle size and pores are such that the smaller particles of the substrate are grouped at one end, preferably an end adjacent to a projecting nose. This structure tends to wick the volatile air treatment chemical towards the nose, and heating that area can lead to efficient, and rechargeable, dispensing. Methods for using such substrates, and methods for forming such substrates, are disclosed.
US07820182B2 Production of attenuated, human-bovine chimeric respiratory syncytial viruses for use in immunogenic compositions
Chimeric human-bovine respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) are infectious and attenuated in humans and other mammals and useful in immunogenic compositions for eliciting an anti-RSV immune response. Also provided are isolated polynucleotide molecules and vectors incorporating a chimeric RSV genome or antigenome which includes a partial or complete human or bovine RSV “background” genome or antigenome combined or integrated with one or more heterologous gene(s) or genome segment(s) of a different RSV strain. Chimeric human-bovine RSV of the invention include a partial or complete “background” RSV genome or antigenome derived from or patterned after a human or bovine RSV strain or subgroup virus combined with one or more heterologous gene(s) or genome segment(s) of a different RSV strain or subgroup virus to form the human-bovine chimeric RSV genome or antigenome. In preferred aspects of the invention, chimeric RSV incorporate a partial or complete bovine RSV background genome or antigenome combined with one or more heterologous gene(s) or genome segment(s) from a human RSV. Genes of interest include any of the NS1, NS2, N, P, M, SH, M2(ORF1), M2(ORF2), L, F or G genes or a genome segment including a protein or portion thereof. A variety of additional mutations and nucleotide modifications are provided within the human-bovine chimeric RSV of the invention to yield desired phenotypic and structural effects.
US07820180B2 Listeria-based and LLO-based vaccines
This invention provides methods of treating and vaccinating against an antigen-expressing tumor and inducing an immune response against a sub-dominant epitope of antigen, comprising a fusion of an LLO fragment to the antigen or a recombinant Listeria strain expressing the antigen. The present invention also provides recombinant peptides comprising a listeriolysin (LLO) protein fragment fused to a Her-2 protein or fragment thereof, recombinant Listeria strains expressing a Her-2 protein, vaccines and immunogenic compositions comprising same, and methods of inducing an anti-Her-2 immune response and treating and vaccinating against a Her-2-expressing tumor, comprising same.
US07820177B2 Self-adhesive polymer matrix containing a seaweed extract
A self-adhesive polymer matrix which comprises a polymer that forms a gel in water, water, a sea algae extract, and a monohydric or polyhydric alcohol.
US07820176B2 Ulvans as activators of plant defense and resistance reactions against biotic or abiotic stresses
The present invention relates to the use of ulvans, in particular extracted from green algae of the genus Ulva or Enteromorpha, or of ulvan-derived oligosaccharides, as activators of plant defense and resistance reactions against biotic or abiotic stresses.It also relates to a plant-protection product containing ulvans and to the uses thereof in a plant treatment method.
US07820175B2 Herbal therapy for the treatment of food allergy
The present invention provides herbal formulas, and compositions thereof, that can treat or reduce the severity, intensity, or duration of food allergy and food allergy related symptoms. The compositions may optionally include one or more adjuvants, cytokines, encapsulating materials, or pharmaceutically acceptable carriers or excipients, and may be administered prior to, during, or after the development of food allergy-related symptoms in a patient in need thereof.
US07820172B1 Laminin-derived multi-domain peptides
Multi-domain peptides including a heparin-binding peptide sequence covalently linked to a linker sequence, which linker sequence is covalently linked to a trifunctional amino acid residue forming a branch with two arms, with substantially similar (homodimeric) cellular attachment peptide sequences covalently linked, directly or through an intermediate, to each branch arm, where the sequences are cell binding analogs of or derived from laminin or a portion of laminin. Further provided are preparations for medical devices, pharmaceutical compositions and methods of using the same.
US07820171B2 Use of avian anti-methanogen antibodies for reduction of methane production
Herein, it is shown that strong specific anti-methanogen avian antibodies can be produced when chickens are immunized with an optimal dose of methane producing bacterial antigen (methanogen) formulated with an appropriate adjuvant. The antibodies can in turn be used to reduce methane gas production from an animal by administering an effective amount of the anti-methanogen antibodies to the animal, thereby reducing methane gas evolved by the animal compared to an untreated or mock treated control animal of similar age and condition.
US07820169B2 Anti-TNF antibodies, compositions, methods and uses
The present invention relates to inhibiting TNF in patients having rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis or ankylosing spondilitis, by administering anti-TNF antibodies comprising the heavy chain variable region of SEQ ID NO: 7 and the light chain variable region of SEQ ID NO:8, specific for at least one human tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) protein or fragment thereof.
US07820166B2 Potent T cell modulating molecules
The present invention relates to a polypeptide construct comprising at least one CDR3 region, wherein at least one of the at least CDR3 regions comprises at least one substitution in the amino acid sequence YYDDHY (SEQ ID NO.1) and wherein the at least one substitution comprises: in the first position of SEQ ID NO.1 a substitution from Y to H; in the second position of SEQ ID NO. 1 a substitution from Y to S, from Y to N, from Y to F or from Y to H; in third position of SEQ ID NO. 1 a substitution from D to N or from D to E; in the forth position of SEQ ID NO. 1 a substitution from D to Q, from D to A, from D to V, from D to E or from D to G; in the fifth position of SEQ ID NO. 1 a substitution from H to Q, from H to P, from H to Y, from H to R or from H to N; or in the sixth position a substitution from Y to N.
US07820164B2 Chimeric, human and humanized anti-CSAP monoclonal antibodies
The present invention provides humanized, chimeric and human anti-CSAp antibodies and anti-CSAp antibody fusion proteins that are useful for the treatment and diagnosis of various cancers, including colon cancer.
US07820162B2 Methods for chemically synthesizing immunoglobulin chimeric proteins
The invention provides methods of chemically synthesizing chimeric proteins comprising at least a portion of an immunoglobulin constant region and a biologically active molecule.
US07820161B1 Treatment of autoimmune diseases
Methods are disclosed of treating rheumatoid arthritis in a human comprising administering to the human more than one intravenous dose of a therapeutically effective amount of rituximab and administering methotrexate to the human.
US07820147B2 Hair restorative compositions and methods for treating damaged hair and safely chemically treating hair
Hair restorative compositions useful in repairing damaged hair include at least one hair shaft bonding agent dispersed within an appropriate solvent or carrier, such as water. When applied to damaged hair, the hair shaft bonding agent adsorbs into and bonds to the damaged hair shaft, filling in discontinuities and adhering split ends or loosened cuticle layers back together within the main hair shaft. A wetting agent may be included to facilitate absorption and bonding of the hair shaft bonding agent to hair. A thickening agent may be included to yield a hair restorative composition that is much easier to apply compared to runny compositions having the consistency of water. A conditioner may be added to nourish and condition the hair. The inventive hair restorative compositions are able to permanently repair damaged hair, thereby resulting in hair that is stronger, healthier, and more resistant to further damage.
US07820143B2 Water soluble tetrapyrollic photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy
A tetrapyrollic photosensitizer compound having at least one pendant —CH2CH2CON(CH2CON(CH2COOH)2)2 or —N(CH2COOH)2 group or esters thereof said tetrapyrollic compound being a chlorin, bacteriochlorin, porphyrin, pyropheophorbide, purpurinimide, or bacteriopurpurinimide. Desirably the compound has the formula: or a pharmaceutically acceptable derivative thereof, wherein R1-R8 and R10 are various substituents and R9 is substituted or unsubstituted —CH2CH2CON(CH2CON(CH2COOH)2)2; or —N(CH2COOH)2. The invention also includes a method of treatment by photodynamic therapy by treatment with light after injecting the compound and a method of imaging by fluorescence after injection of the compound.
US07820138B2 Indium oxide powder and method for producing same
At least one basic precipitant selected from the group consisting of NaOH, KOH, NH4OH, NH3, NH4HCO3 and (NH4)2CO3 is added to an indium salt solution, which contains 0.1 to 3 M of indium, in an adding time of not longer than 24 hours, while the solution is maintained at a temperature of 5 to 95° C. until the equivalent of the basic precipitant reaches an equivalent of 0.5 to 3. Then, a precipitate obtained from the solution by a solid-liquid separation is dried and calcined at a temperature of 570 to 780° C. in an non-oxidizing atmosphere which contains ammonia gas and water vapor.
US07820137B2 Lithium titanate and method of forming the same
A lithium titanate is formed by mixing lithium carbonate powder or lithium hydroxide powder with titanium oxide followed by preparing a mixed slurry of titanium compound powder and a solution containing lithium, followed by depositing a lithium compound by spray-drying.
US07820135B2 Catalyst composition with nanometer crystallites for slurry hydrocracking
A process and apparatus is disclosed for converting heavy hydrocarbon feed into lighter hydrocarbon products. The heavy hydrocarbon feed is slurried with a catalyst comprising iron oxide and alumina to form a heavy hydrocarbon slurry and hydrocracked to produce lighter hydrocarbons. The iron sulfide crystallites have diameters in the nanometer range.
US07820132B2 Hot wire production of single-wall and multi-wall carbon nanotubes
Apparatus (210) for producing a multi-wall carbon nanotube (213) may comprise a process chamber (216), a furnace (217) operatively associated with the process chamber (216), and at least one filament (218) positioned within the process chamber (216). At least one power supply (220) operatively associated with the at least one filament (218) heats the at least one filament (218) to a process temperature. A gaseous carbon precursor material (214) operatively associated with the process chamber (216) provides carbon for forming the multi-wall carbon nanotube (213). A metal catalyst material (224) operatively associated with the process (216) catalyzes the formation of the multi-wall carbon nanotube (213).
US07820128B2 Production of Cu/Zn/A1 catalysts via the formate route
The invention relates to a process for preparing Cu/Zn/Al catalysts. In this process, the metals are used in the form of their formates and are precipitated in a suitable form. Suitable precipitants are, for example, alkali metal carbonates. The invention further relates to a catalyst as can be obtained by the process according to the invention and to its use.
US07820127B2 Method and apparatus for producing nitrogen trifluoride
A method for producing nitrogen trifluoride related to the present invention is characterized in that a fluorine gas and an ammonia gas are fed into a tubular reactor and are reacted with each other in the presence of a diluting gas in a gaseous phase under the condition of no catalyst to produce a gas product mainly composed of nitrogen trifluoride and a solid product mainly composed of ammonium fluoride and/or acidic ammonium fluoride, and then the solid product attached to an inner wall of the tubular reactor is removed by means of a device for removing the solid product, which device is mounted to the tubular reactor.
US07820126B2 Method and apparatus for improving the efficiency of purification and deposition of polycrystalline silicon
Methods and apparatus for the commercial-scale production of purified polycrystalline silicon granules with one or more tailored levels of n- and p-type impurities from an impure silicon source such as, for example, metallurgical-grade silicon. Purification systems and methods involve: (1) one or more series of temperature controlled reactors or vessels provided with dual fluidized beds wherein solids and gases are transported so that varying degrees of purification and deposition of solid silicon is accomplished by strict control of temperature and residence time; (2) separation and recovery of the compounds of high-melting-point impurities such as, for example, FeSi and FeI2; (3) purification, separation, and recycling of silicon tetraiodide; (4) separation and recovery of iodide compounds of lower-boiling-point liquid impurities such as for example, AlI3, in a continuous fractional distillation column, facilitated by an iodine reflux; (5) separation and recovery of very fine solid particles including impurity iodides and elemental silicon in a liquid mixture downstream of a fractional distillation column; (6) recovery of input iodine from the oxidation of both solid and liquid iodide impurity waste streams from the process.
US07820125B2 Phosphorus effusion cell arrangement and method for producing molecular phosphorus
The phosphorus effusion cell arrangement according to the present invention comprises a first vacuum container for red phosphorus, a second vacuum container for white phosphorus, said first and second vacuum containers being interconnected, means for providing vacuum, a thermal cracker in connection with said second vacuum container, as well as a control valve between said second vacuum container and said thermal cracker. The present invention is characterized in that it further comprises a separating valve between said first and second vacuum containers, provided that there is no direct connection between said first vacuum container and said thermal cracker. The invention also relates to a method for producing molecular phosphorus P2.
US07820120B2 Device for a reactor and method for distributing a multi-phase mixture in a reactor
An up-flow reactor includes a reaction chamber, and a distributor device disposed in the reaction chamber for distributing a multi-phase mixture therein. The distributor device includes a first pipe adapted for conducting a gas phase, and including first discharge ports, a second pipe adapted for conducting a slurry or a liquid phase, and including second discharge ports, and a plurality of nozzles. Each nozzle communicates a pair of the first and second discharge ports with a venturi outlet of the nozzle, such that pressurized gas phase from the first discharge port passing through the venturi outlet creates a negative pressure for drawing-in the slurry or the liquid phase to be mixed with the gas phase in the venturi outlet.
US07820116B2 Slurry phase polymerisation process
A process comprising polymerizing an olefin monomer optionally together with an olefin comonomer in the presence of a polymerization catalyst in a diluent in a loop reactor which comprises at least 2 horizontal sections and at least 2 vertical sections to produce a slurry comprising solid particulate olefin polymer and the diluent wherein the Froude number in at least 20% of the length of the vertical sections of the reactor loop is less than 85% of the Froude number in at least 20% of the length of the horizontal sections of the loop is disclosed.
US07820114B2 Reaction container for chemical analysis with the controlled surface property
A highly reliable reaction container capable of restraining an initial detection failure (bubble attachment), and a biochemical and/or immunological automatic analyzer loaded with the reaction container. In a reaction container made of a synthetic resin and used for receiving a biological sample and a reagent, developing a biochemical and/or immunological reaction between the biological sample and the reagent, and measuring proceedings of the reaction and/or the state at a predetermined point in time by optical means, an inner wall surface of the reaction container in contact with the biological sample, the reagent, and a reaction product of the biological sample and the reagent has a critical surface tension of not smaller than 25.0 mN/m, or a contact angle between the inner wall surface of the reaction container and a solvent of a reaction solution is not larger than 60 degrees.
US07820112B2 Method and apparatus for manufacturing beads array chip
A bead array chip manufacturing process for manufacturing a bead array chip having plural kinds of beads arrayed in a predetermined order in, in a container having a plurality of first channels disposed substantially in parallel with each other and a second channel crossing the plurality of first channels, each of the first channels. The process including lowering a capillary inserted in the second channel and sucking and retaining one bead in one end of the capillary, lifting the capillary to position the beads retained in the one end of the capillary in a desired channel of the plurality of first channels, terminating the suction of the capillary, and generating a uniflow of a fluid in the second channel.
US07820111B2 Blood specimen dispenser
A blood specimen dispenser is provided which dispenses a precise amount of collected blood from a blood specimen collector onto filter paper or the like for screening or evaluation.
US07820108B2 Marker detection method and apparatus to monitor drug compliance
The present invention includes a method and apparatus for monitoring drug compliance by detecting markers, such as odors, upon exhalation by a patient after medication is taken, wherein such markers result either directly from the medication itself or from an additive combined with the medication. In the case of olfactory markers, the invention preferably utilizes electronic sensor technology, such as the commercial devices referred to as “artificial noses” or “electronic noses,” to non-invasively monitor compliance. The invention further includes a reporting system capable of tracking compliance (remote or proximate) and providing the necessary alerts.
US07820107B2 Optical reagents format for small sample volumes
An optical waveguiding optical format enables consistent optical analysis of small sample volumes with minimal variation in light path length among optical formats. The optical format is comprised of an input guide, an output guide, and a sample cavity adapted to allow light to pass through a sample on its way from the input guide to the output guide. A lid removed from the light pathway within the format may be provided with a reagent for assisting fluid analysis.
US07820104B2 Test strip analysis apparatus
A test strip analysis apparatus comprising a housing, an insertion station for receiving a test strip to be inspected, an optical measuring unit for measuring the test strip, a transport device for transporting the test strip from said insertion station to the optical measuring unit within the reaction period required for the test strip, and an analyzing unit for evaluating the measurement of the strip, wherein the transport device comprises first and second transport sections which are interconnected through a connecting region and can be driven independently of one another, with the first transport section being capable of transporting the test strip at a higher first transport speed from the insertion station to the connecting region, and the second transport section being capable of transporting the test strip at a slower second transport speed from the connecting region to the optical measuring unit.
US07820100B2 System and method for photocatalytic oxidation air filtration using a substrate with photocatalyst particles powder coated thereon
The present invention relates to an air filtration system and a method for making a photocatalytic oxidation substrate by powder coating a photocatalyst onto a metal substrate.
US07820091B1 Embedded vinyl products and method of producing same
A method for providing embedded vinyl products comprises applying design material to a bottom or a top surface of a liquid vinyl substrate. When applying to the bottom surface liquid vinyl substrate, the design materials are applied to a conveyor and the vinyl substrate layer is applied over the design material. When applying to an exposed top layer of the vinyl substrate, the design material is applied so that at least a portion of it remains visible from the top surface of the exposed layers so that it creates a design therein.
US07820087B2 Furniture composite board
A furniture composite board comprises different materials. The surface of a proper-shaped matrix is covered by thermosetting resin and then fibers. The fibers then are soaked in thermosetting resin. During the process of thermosetting, the fibers would be solidified and become hard and firm on the surface of the matrix. The composite board has strong strength and its weight would change according to the matrix. It is easy for the composite to form various shapes; easy to be produced and needs no complicated equipment.
US07820085B2 Methods relating to molding optical lenses
A method that includes providing a cavity defined by at least a portion of a mold and a closure member attached to the portion of the mold, the portion of the mold being oriented vertically and having a top and a bottom, and a sealing material being positioned near the bottom and attached to the closure member; puncturing the sealing material and the closure member with an instrument near the bottom, the puncturing creating an opening in the sealing material; and introducing a polymerizable composition into the cavity through the instrument. A method useful in testing sealing materials. Other methods are also disclosed.
US07820084B2 Minute shape molding method and apparatus thereof
A method of molding a minute shape, in which at least one of a pair of dies is provided with an uneven section of a minute shape on a molding surface thereof, clamping of the pair of dies is stopped immediately before the dies are completely clamped, a resin is injected into a cavity, and thereafter the dies are completely clamped to thereby transcribe the shape of the uneven section onto the resin includes preparing a plurality of transcription dies each provided with the uneven section on a molding surface thereof, heating one of the transcription dies which is not used to mold a product by a heating unit, and exchanging the transcription dies with each other, at a point in time at which molding is completed, to thereby mold the product continuously.
US07820082B2 Method for adding a thermoset overmold layer to a lens within a mold
A method and coating used to prepare a photochromically-enabled bifocal ophthalmic lens. The method and equipment includes injection molding a single vision lens, for example, from polycarbonate. The clamp opens vertically and the top insert is exchanged for a bifocal mold having a base curve similar to the single vision lens. The thermoset coating includes compounds from several acrylate classes, and is applied to the single vision lens. The coating may include a photochromic dye. The coating is also formulated to receive a photochromic solution through an imbibition process.
US07820081B2 Method for post-injection lamination to add a functional film to an optical lens
A method for laminating a functional film on to a thermoplastic injection molded lens. A thermally curable glue is deposited on the lens while it is still in the mold. A functional film is introduced and the mold is closed again. The heat from the mold and the clamping pressure thermoform the film and cure the glue, in a lamination process. A functionally enhanced lens having a film intimately laminated on to one side.
US07820080B2 Method for producing polarizing film, polarizing film, and image display using the polarizing film
A method for producing a polarizing film, including: a dyeing step and a stretching step, a plurality of films being dipped into at least one processing liquid without contacting each other.
US07820075B2 Phosphor composition with self-adjusting chromaticity
Disclosed herein are “smart” phosphor compositions capable of regulating the chromaticity of their emission to substantially constant values even with variations in the excitation radiation they receive to induce photoluminescence. One phosphor of the smart composition demonstrates an increase in emission intensity increases as the wavelength of the excitation radiation is increased. The other phosphor shows a decrease in emission intensity with increasing excitation wavelength. Constant chromaticity in this context is defined as a change in CIE x or y coordinate of less than about five percent over a 10 nm range of excitation wavelengths.
US07820074B2 Phosphor, method for manufacturing same, and light emitting diode
A phosphor is formed with a glass coating layer on a surface of a phosphor grain to have improved moisture and/or thermal stability. A method for manufacturing the phosphor comprises preparing phosphor grains excitable by light, and forming a glass coating layer on a surface of each phosphor grain. The glass coating layer may be formed by mixing the phosphor grains with a glass composition; heat-treating a mixture of the phosphor grains and the glass composition to make the glass composition melt and surround the phosphor grains; and cooling and breaking the heat-treated mixture to provide phosphors, each comprising the phosphor grain having the glass coating layer formed on a surface of the phosphor grain.
US07820072B2 Liquid crystalline medium and method for manufacturing liquid crystal display panel
A liquid crystalline medium comprises a plurality of polymerizable monomers and a plurality of liquid crystal molecules. The liquid crystal molecules are selected from at least one of compounds 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. “G1”, “G3” and “G5” are independently alkyl having 1 to 8 carbons or alkyenyl having 2 to 8 carbons. “G2” and “G6” are independently alkyl having 1 to 8 carbons or alkoxy having 1 to 7 carbons. “G4” is alkyl of 1 to 8 carbons, alkyenyl of 2 to 8 carbons or alkoxy of 1 to 7 carbons. “Z1” is single bond, ethyl or methoxy. “Z2” is single bond, ethyl, methoxy, or caroboxyl. “Z3” is single bond, ethyl, difluoromethoxy, difluoropropoxy or ethyl carboxyl. “Z4” is single bond, ethyl, difluoromethoxy, or difluoropropoxy. are independently 1,4-cyclohexylene or 1,4-phenylene. One of “E1” and “E2” is fluorine, and the other is chlorine.
US07820068B2 Chemical assisted lapping and polishing of metals
Compositions for lapping gears and methods for preparing the same are described. These compositions contain a salt of polyaspartic acid and may contain additional components that are useful for lapping gears. Also provided are processes for using the compositions described herein.
US07820066B2 Fluid composition having enhanced heat transfer efficiency
A fluid composition includes a coolant and a plurality of nanoparticles dispersed within the coolant. The plurality of nanoparticles includes glass, silica, pumices, metal compounds adapted to react with chloride in the coolant, and/or mixtures thereof. The plurality of nanoparticles substantially increases heat capacity of the coolant and enhances heat transfer efficiency of the fluid composition.
US07820062B2 Tertiary filter
A filter cloth of long pile fiber bundles is used as a tertiary filter in a wastewater processing method. The filter may be backwashed by a rotating suction head which does not touch the filter cloth. A combination of countercurrent and horizontal flow dislodges entrained solids from the filter cloth. Mounting of the filter media as modular components permits increased capacity within a single tank while avoiding down time in changeover of filter media.
US07820060B2 Synergistic biocide and process for controlling growth of microorganisms
Synergistic mixtures of haloamines and their use to control the growth of microorganisms in aqueous systems are disclosed. The method of using the synergistic mixtures entails adding an effective amount of a monohaloamine and an effective amount of a dihaloamine to an aqueous system. The ratio of monohaloamine to dihaloamine is selected to result in a synergistic biocidal effect
US07820056B2 Method of flocculating sedimentation treatment
A coagulation sedimentation process for water to be treated in which an inorganic coagulant used in a purified water treatment system is limited, and remaining micro flocks and flocks are made greater in density and finer in particle size, thus obtaining clear water better in quality and reducing the amount of sludge production, including a micro flocculation step for micro-flocculating in advance fine suspended particles in water to be treated, a flocculation step for the micro flocks, and a sedimentation separation step for the flocks, in which as a final stage of the flocculation step, a flock-forming inclined plate whose pitch width is from 5 mm or more to 50 mm or less is provided, and an inorganic coagulant is limited so that the turbidity of the water to be treated after passage of the inclined plate at a ratio to that before passage is 4/5 or less.
US07820055B2 Process to maintain large clean recreational water bodies
The invention discloses a process to implement and maintain water bodies larger than 15,000 m3 for recreational use, such as lakes or artificial lagoons, with excellent color, transparency and cleanness properties at low cost, which comprises the following steps: a.—providing a structure able to contain a large water body larger than 15,000 m3; b.—feeding the structure of step (a) with inlet water having iron and manganese levels lower than 1.5 ppm and turbidity lower than 5 NTU; c.—measuring water pH, ideally it should be within a range lower than 7.8; d.—adding an oxidizing agent to the water contained in the structure of step (a), with which a 600 mV minimal ORP is controlled in water for a minimal period of 4 hours and in maximal cycles of 48 hours; e.—adding a flocculating agent in concentrations within 0.02 and 1 ppm with maximal frequencies of 6 days and cleaning the bottom of the structure of step (a) with a suction device to remove precipitated impurities from the bottom of said structure, together with the additional flocculants and; f.—generating a displacement of surface water containing impurities and surface oils by means of the injection of inlet water according to step (b), which generates said displacement in such a way to remove said surface water by means of a system for impurities and surface oils removal arranged in the structure of step (a), which together with step (e) replaces traditional filtering. The present invention also discloses a structure to contain large water bodies comprising a system for the removal of impurities and surface oils by means of skimmers and the suction device to clean said structure.
US07820053B2 Magnetic separation and seeding to improve ballasted clarification of water
A process for removing fine particles and particulates from water. The process includes mixing a magnetic ballast, flocculant and water to form magnetic floc, and agitating the magnetic floc in a flocculation zone. A portion of the magnetic floc is collected on a magnetic collector in the flocculation zone. Another portion of the magnetic floc is directed downstream to a setting zone where the magnetic floc is settled. The settled magnetic floc is returned upstream of the settling zone where the returned magnetic floc is recombined with other magnetic floc in the flocculation zone. Ultimately, all, or substantially all, of the magnetic floc is removed by one or more magnetic collectors disposed upstream of the settling zone.
US07820049B2 Method for manufacture of sanitized organic sludge
It is described a method for manufacture of sanitised organic sludge, said method comprising the following steps: mechanical mixing of a cellulose containing component, a super absorbent and dewatered organic sludge; leading the mixture to a sanitising container; continuously supplying air to the sludge mixture until the desired temperature has been reached. The super absorbent increases the moisture retention of the sludge mixture, such that odor and leakage is prevented during composting. The cellulose component, preferably shredded newspaper, admits increased air supply to the sludge mixture. The method may be used to treat sewage sludge, hydrocarbon polluted soil and waste from fish processing or abattoirs.
US07820044B2 Fluid filter and method of using same
A fluid filter includes a case in which an inflow path, an outflow path, and a drainage path are formed, a cap which is engaged with the case through axial rotation, a biasing device (a coil spring) which biases a filter element housed inside a casing constituted by the case and the cap toward the case side, a rotation restricting device (an abutting portion and a projecting portion) which restricts rotation of the filter element in a fastening direction when the cap is rotated relative to the case in the fastening direction, and a sealing member provided on an axial end surface side of the filter element, which seals the drainage path when the filter element is biased by the biasing device and rotation thereof is restricted by the rotation restricting device.
US07820043B2 Underdrain system
A filter system for filtering water and/or wastewater which includes an underdrain system having a plurality of laterals that are anchored to the floor of a filter by a hold-down assembly. Preferably, the hold-down assembly does not rely on grout or other substance that is applied in a viscous or semi-viscous state and subsequently hardened as the primary means for connecting the underdrain laterals to the floor of the filter. Preferably, the hold-down assembly includes hold-down clips that can move relative to an anchor assembly and corresponding underdrain blocks so that the hold-down clips can cooperate with any desired portion of the corresponding underdrain blocks.
US07820036B2 Highly stable heavy hydrocarbon hydrodesulfurization catalyst and methods of making and use thereof
Described is a catalyst useful in the hydroprocessing of a heavy hydrocarbon feedstock wherein the catalyst comprises a calcined mixture made by calcining a formed particle of a mixture comprising molybdenum trioxide, a nickel compound, and an inorganic oxide material. The catalyst may be made by mixing an inorganic oxide material, molybdenum trioxide, and a nickel compound to form a mixture that is formed into a particle and calcined to provide a calcined mixture. The process involves the hydrodesulfurization and hydroconversion of a heavy hydrocarbon feedstock which process may include the conversion of a portion of the pitch content of the heavy hydrocarbon feedstock and the yielding of a treated product having an enhanced stability as reflected by its P-value.
US07820035B2 Process for steam cracking heavy hydrocarbon feedstocks
A process for cracking heavy hydrocarbon comprising heating the heavy hydrocarbon feedstock, mixing the heavy hydrocarbon feedstock with a fluid and/or a primary dilution steam stream to form a mixture, flashing the mixture to form a vapor phase and a liquid phase, separating and cracking the vapor phase, and cooling the product effluent in a transfer line exchanger, wherein the amount of the fluid and/or the primary dilution steam stream mixed with the heavy hydrocarbon feedstock is varied in accordance with at least one selected operating parameter of the process, such as the temperature of the flash stream before entering the flash/separator vessel.
US07820031B2 Method and apparatus for converting and removing organosulfur and other oxidizable compounds from distillate fuels, and compositions obtained thereby
The present disclosure is directed to a multi-stage system and a process utilizing said system with the design of reducing the sulfur-content in a liquid comprising hydrocarbons and organosulfur compounds. The process comprising at least one of the following states: (1) an oxidation stage; (2) an extraction state; (3) a raffinate washing stage; (4) a raffinate polishing stage; (5) a solvent recovery stage; (6) a solvent purification stage; and (7) a hydrocarbon recovery stage. The process for removing sulfur-containing hydrocarbons from gas oil, which comprises oxidizing gas oil comprising hydrocarbons and organosulfur compounds to obtain a product gas oil.
US07820030B2 System and method for electrochemical detection of biological compounds
The present invention relates to an electrochemical method for detecting a target polynucleotide. An electrode comprising an electrode surface is provided. The electrode surface includes at least one probe molecule reversibly immobilized with respect to the electrode surface. A first electrochemical signal indicative of an amount of probe molecule immobilized with respect to the electrode surface is obtained. The electrode surface is contacted with a liquid comprising the target polynucleotide. Upon the contacting step, at least some of the probe molecule immobilized with respect to the electrode surface dissociates therefrom. A second electrochemical signal indicative of an amount of probe molecule immobilized with respect to the electrode surface is obtained. The presence of the target polynucleotide is determined at least partially on the basis of the first and second electrochemical signals.
US07820029B2 pH measurement system and method for reducing time-drift effects thereof
A system of measuring pH of a solution having a calibration device to counteract time-drift effect. The calibration device of the system adjusts a compensation voltage to zero a measuring voltage of a first sensor and only respond to time-drift voltage of the first sensor. The calibration device has a differential operation amplifier receiving measuring voltages from the first sensor and a second sensor of the system to eliminate the time-drift voltages of the first and second sensors, thereby achieving calibration of the time-drift effects.
US07820028B2 Oxides of nitrogen gas sensors and methods
Apparatus and methods for measuring NOx concentrations are disclosed. One method includes the steps of providing a gas stream having a NO concentration and a NO2 concentration, wherein a sum of the NO concentration and the NO2 concentration is a total NOx concentration; contacting the gas stream with a first zirconium oxide based oxygen sensor at a first temperature to achieve a first NO:NO2 equilibrium at the first temperature; contacting the gas stream with a second zirconium oxide based oxygen sensor at a second temperature to achieve a second NO:NO2 equilibrium at the second temperature; and determining the total NOx concentration by measuring a response of the first zirconium oxide based oxygen sensor to achieve the first NO:NO2 equilibrium and a response of the second zirconium oxide based oxygen sensor to achieve the second NO:NO2 equilibrium. The second temperature is different than the first temperature.
US07820027B2 Method for electrolytically producing aluminum using closed end slotted carbon anodes
An electrolysis cell (10) contains a number of carbon anodes (12) having top, bottom and side surfaces, operating in molten electrolyte (17) in an aluminum electrolysis cell (10), where gas bubbles (28) are generated at the anode surfaces and where alumina particles (20) are added to the top of the molten electrolyte, where the carbon anodes (12) have at least two inward slots (21) passing through the carbon anode (12) along the longitudinal axis 40 of the carbon anode and also passing through only one front surface (25) of the carbon anode, where the height (32) of the slots (21) is from about 45% to 80% of the anodes thickness and the slotted front surfaces (25) are disposed toward the center of the electrolysis cell so that generated gas bubbles (28) are directed to the alumina particles.
US07820020B2 Apparatus for plasma-enhanced physical vapor deposition of copper with RF source power applied through the workpiece with a lighter-than-copper carrier gas
A method of performing physical vapor deposition of copper onto an integrated circuit in a vacuum chamber of a plasma reactor includes providing a copper target near a ceiling of the chamber, placing an integrated circuit wafer on a wafer support pedestal facing the target near a floor of the chamber, introducing a carrier gas into the vacuum chamber having an atomic weight substantially less than the atomic weight of copper, maintaining a target-sputtering plasma at the target to produce a stream comprising at least one of copper atoms and copper ions flowing from the target toward the wafer support pedestal for vapor deposition, maintaining a wafer-sputtering plasma near the wafer support pedestal by capacitively coupling plasma RF source power to the wafer-sputtering plasma, and accelerating copper ions of the wafer sputtering plasma in a direction normal to a surface of the wafer support pedestal.
US07820017B2 Dielectric-layer-coated substrate and installation for production thereof
The invention relates to a substrate (1), especially a glass substrate, coated with at least one dielectric thin-film layer deposited by sputtering, especially magnetically enhanced sputtering and preferably reactive sputtering in the presence of oxygen and/or nitrogen, with exposure to at least one ion beam (3) coming from an ion source (4), characterized in that said dielectric layer exposed to the ion beam has a refractive index that can be adjusted according to the parameters of the ion source, said ion source being a linear source.
US07820012B2 Reverse bump test for closed-loop identification of CD controller alignment
A reverse bump test, for identifying the alignment of a sheetmaking system while the system remains in closed-loop control, includes the following steps: (a) leaving the control system in closed-loop, (b) artificially inserting a step signal on top of the measurement (or setpoint) profile from the scanner, (c) recording the data as the control system moves the actuators to remove the perceived disturbance (or setpoint change), and (d) refining or developing a model from the artificial measurement disturbance (or setpoint change) to the actuator profile. The technique supplies the probing/perturbation signal to the scanner measurement, which is equivalent to supplying the probing/perturbation signal to the setpoint target) rather than inserting bumps via the actuator set points as has been practiced traditionally.
US07820005B2 Multilayer chemical mechanical polishing pad manufacturing process
A method for making a multilayer chemical mechanical polishing pad comprising: providing a polishing layer, providing a subpad layer, optionally providing additional layers, providing an unset reactive hot melt adhesive, applying the unset reactive hot melt adhesive in a pattern on a surface of at least one of the layers, applying one of the other layers over the pattern of unset reactive hot melt adhesive, pressing the two layers together with the unset reactive hot melt adhesive interposed therebetween, allowing the unset reactive hot melt adhesive to set forming a reactive hot melt adhesive bond between the two layers.
US07820003B2 Method for producing diaper
A method for producing a diaper of the present invention includes the steps of: folding back a first strip-shaped portion 13 and a second strip-shaped portion 23; successively forming pairs of first and second belts 1 and 2 by cutting first and second separate webs W1 and W2; placing pairs of the first and second belts 1 and 2 at a predetermined interval P in a carrying direction Y of a continuous piece; temporarily attaching the first and second belts 1 and 2 to a portion of the continuous piece to be a back portion; fixing the belts 1 and 2 to the continuous piece; and severing the continuous piece with the belts 1 and 2 fixed thereon at a predetermined pitch into individual diapers.
US07820002B2 Method for making a reception assembly and an reception assembly
A methodology 10 which produces a reception assembly 101 which is biodegradable and which is adapted to selectively receive and support an item, such as a vehicular hood.