| Document | Document Title |
|---|---|
| US07802308B2 |
Media processing system supporting different media formats via server-based transcoding
Methods and systems for processing media content are disclosed and may include a server operatively coupled to a network, a first communications device operatively coupled to the network, and a second communications device operatively coupled to the network. The second communications device may receive, from the first communications device, a device profile relating to the first communications device. The second communications device may send the device profile, received from the first communications device, and media content to the server. The server may reformat the media content based on the device profile received from the first communications device. The server may send the reformatted media content to the first communications device. The server may transcode the media content from a first type of format to a second type of format. The second type of format may be compatible with the first communications device. |
| US07802306B1 |
Multiple watermarks for digital rights management (DRM) and content tracking
A system and method for providing Digital Rights Management (DRM) using multiple watermarks are disclosed. In one embodiment, upon purchase of a digital asset, a copy of the digital asset that is watermarked with a content specific watermark and a user, or purchaser, specific watermark and a digital certificate including content specific watermark information and user specific watermark information corresponding to the watermarks in the copy of the digital asset are generated. The copy of the digital asset and the digital certificate are provided to the user. Thereafter, access to the copy of the digital asset is controlled based on a comparison of the watermarks in the copy of the digital asset and the watermark information in the digital certificate. |
| US07802297B2 |
Keyboard with built in display for user authentication
A method and apparatus are provided for creating a personal area network with a wireless keyboard, comprising generating a text message on a keyboard integrated display to prompt a user to enter a password, determining all available personal area network devices and displaying a subset of the available personal area network devices based upon access permissions associated with the password. Generally, the wireless keyboard includes logic for generating prompts to a user to create a master password and user passwords with defined access privileges. Moreover, a user, by utilizing the display, may select alternate or additional devices with which to couple. In one embodiment, the wireless keyboard is further operable to send and receive text messages with a cell phone which are further propagated through a cellular network using legacy text message protocols. |
| US07802288B2 |
Video aspect ratio manipulation
According to the invention, a video distribution system is disclosed. The video distribution system distributes a video program in a first aspect ratio and includes information to convert the first aspect ratio to a second aspect ratio. Included in the video distribution system are a distribution point and a video converter that is located remotely from the distribution point. The video converter receives the information and the video program from the distribution point. The video converter uses the information to guide conversion between the first aspect ratio and the second aspect ratio. |
| US07802287B2 |
Method and system for generating geographic visual displays of broadband network data
A hybrid fiber coax (HFC) network management method and system for use in a broadband network having a hybrid fiber coax (HFC) network provided with network elements operable for communicating telephony, data, and video signals with customer-premises equipment of a subscriber includes an HFC network manager for monitoring status and configuration of the network elements and the customer-premises equipment. A service, design, and inventory (SDI) database is operable with the HFC network manager for storing data indicative of the configuration of the network elements and the customer-premises equipment. A fault manager having an alarm visualization tool is operable with the HFC network manager and the SDI database for generating visual displays of the status and configuration of the network elements and the customer-premises equipment. |
| US07802284B2 |
Method for transmitting and receiving audio in Mosaic EPG service
Disclosed is a method for transmitting and receiving audio in a Mosaic electronic program guide (EPG) service. A digital broadcast transmitting side mixes stereo audio signals corresponding to each sub-picture within a Mosaic EPG picture and encodes mono audio signals corresponding to odd and even-numbered sub-pictures into one stereo audio signal. The digital broadcast transmitting side transmits the stereo audio signal based on a result of the encoding through the Mosaic EPG service. Therefore, the method can efficiently transmit audio of a sub-picture within the Mosaic EPG picture, and can minimize bandwidth necessary for transmitting audio of sub-pictures within the Mosaic EPG picture. A user can confirm and select a desired broadcast program while listening to audio corresponding to a sub-picture within the Mosaic EPG picture, thereby conveniently using the desired broadcast program. |
| US07802281B1 |
Information providing apparatus and method, information receiving apparatus and method, lots-drawing system and method and medium
The invention makes it possible to draw lots for a present in real time in association with a broadcast program. A broadcasting station broadcasts information relating to lot for a present that is associated with a broadcast program by superimposing it on a video signal in vertical blanking intervals. The lot information is decoded by a decoder and viewed by a viewer on a TV receiver. When the viewer commands the decoder to enter the lot for the present, the decoder accesses a present call center and an automatic lots-drawing system draws lots. A drawing result is transmitted to the broadcasting station and announced during the broadcast of the program. A sponsor sends the present product to winner viewers based on winner data. |
| US07802279B1 |
Methods and apparatuses for processing broadcast flagged media content
Methods and Apparatuses for content protection of broadcast flagged programs for digital television devices that use CableCARDs. In one embodiment, a filter is used to prevent program content in a clear format from being exposed on the CableCARD connector. In one embodiment, broadcast flagged programs in a clear format are filtered for a CableCARD so that no high definition version of the broadcast flagged programs can be easily recorded via the circuitry of the CableCARD. The filter may degrade the broadcast flagged programs, or zero the broadcast flagged programs, or delete the broadcast flagged programs from the transport stream. |
| US07802278B2 |
Method and apparatus for permitting a potential viewer to view a desired program
A method and system prevents a potential viewer, such as a child, from viewing programming under certain conditions. For example, a programming receiver may be set up to prevent a child from viewing programming having a rating outside of an authorized rating limit, and/or from viewing programming during certain time periods, and/or from viewing any and all programming. When the child wishes to view a desired program, and the programming receiver determines that viewing is not permitted, the child is asked if they wish to seek permission from their parent or guardian to view the desired program. If so, an electronic request is made to a communication device, associated with the parent or guardian, such as a computer, personal digital assistant, cellular phone, or another television. The Request provides the parent with information regarding the desired program, and perhaps the identity of the requester. Hence, the parent can grant or deny permission to view the desired programming, from a remote location. |
| US07802276B2 |
Systems, methods and products for assessing subscriber content access
Methods, systems, and products are disclosed for reporting a subscriber's content access selections to marketers. One such method stores when content is provided to a subscriber and when that content is displayed by the subscriber. The method then reports when the content is provided and when the content is viewed, thus describing the subscriber's content selections. |
| US07802274B2 |
Optical data storage article having a physical surface modification as an anti-theft feature and a system and method for inhibiting theft of same
An optical data storage article is configured to transform from a pre-activated state of functionality to an activated state of functionality. The optical data storage article includes a physical surface modification configured to alter an optical integrity of the optical data storage article upon interaction with an external stimulus. |
| US07802271B2 |
Disk clamping device
A disk clamping device includes clamp pawls 3, which project from or retract into through holes 22 formed in a turntable 2 to be rotated and driven by a disk rotating-and-driving motor 1; a rotating-and-elevating member 3, disposed rotatably and in an ascendable and descendable manner in synchronism with the turntable 2, when going up, causing the clamping pawls 3 to project from the through holes 22, and when going down, causing the clamping pawls 3 to retract into the through holes 22; and clamp releasing levers 6, 7 pushing down the rotating-and-elevating member 3 against a pushing-up and urging force, wherein the turntable 2 has pawl-receiving part protrusions 24 forming clamp pawl receiving parts, which are protruded on the underside of the turntable and communicate with the through holes 22; and the rotating-and-elevating member 4 has protrusion receiving holes 42 formed thereon into which the pawl-receiving part protrusions 24 are fitted at the time of upward movement of the rotating-and-elevating member 4. |
| US07802268B2 |
Calling of late bound functions from an external program environment
The present invention is directed toward automatically integrating a late bound program language into an external environment. The external environment may be an early bound environment, a late bound environment or some combination thereof. Associated with the late bound program environment is a modular execution engine and an interface mechanism, wherein the interface mechanism is capable of expressing late bound semantics in a format compatible with the external environment. |
| US07802266B2 |
Application program interfaces and structures in a resource limited operating system
A number of program modules may be stored on the hard disk, magnetic disk 29, optical disk 31, ROM 24, or RAM 25, including an operating system 35, one or more application programs 36, other program modules 37, and program data 38. The hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disk, ROM, RAM, and the like can be termed computer readable-storage media. A user may enter commands and information into the personal computer 20 through input devices such as a keyboard 40 and pointing device 42. Other input devices (not shown) may include a microphone, joystick, game pad, satellite dish, scanner, touch sensitive pad, or the like. These and other input devices are often connected to the processing unit 21 through a serial port interface 46 that is coupled to the system bus, but may be connected by other interfaces, such as a parallel port, game port, or a universal serial bus (USB). In addition, input to the system may be provided by a microphone to receive audio input. |
| US07802264B2 |
Method and system for implementing a databus in a global ecosystem of interrelated services
In accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a DataBus data management architecture is presented for the NewWave service platform. It presents an architecture for creating a consistent, enterprise-wide data persistence layer which allows clients to access shared enterprise data. The DataBus achieves this enterprise-wide look by decoupling shared enterprise data from specific applications (breaking down the stovepipes) and opening up the data layer to across-the-enterprise access (given proper authorization). The DataBus architecture is designed from the ground up for global scalability and accommodation of evolving business data models in a highly-distributed physical deployment. Scaling is realized predominantly through the partitioning, while individual partitions are mapped to logical data domains that are defined along more relevant dimensions than entity-type dimensions (e.g., geography, line of business, etc.) and cut across traditional entity boundaries. Central to the DataBus data model is the notion that a data layer represents a shared asset of the corporation that is decoupled from the separate production applications requiring access to this data. The DataBus data architecture combines several main features or facets, such as partitioning, multi-hop finder strategies, externalized associations, object layer mediating access to underlying data storage, support for logical domains and transaction management. |
| US07802263B2 |
System, method and computer program product for sharing information in a distributed framework
A system, method and computer program product are provided for sharing information in a distributed system. After information is received, it is stored on a bulletin board. In use, the information is shared, in real-time, among a plurality of heterogeneous processes. |
| US07802260B1 |
Receiver-processor-dispatcher mechanism for inbound connectors
System and method for receiving inbound messages from external systems and delivering the messages to applications within application servers are described. Embodiments may provide implementations of a Receiver-Processor-Dispatcher (RPD) architecture for inbound connectors that segments the work of delivering inbound messages from an Enterprise Information System (EIS) to an application into the discrete stages of receiving messages from the EIS, processing the messages to determine which components in the application should receive the messages, and dispatching the messages to the components. The delivery of messages from an EIS to an application is performed by receiver, processor, and dispatcher components of an RPD connector. RPD connectors implemented according to the RPD architecture may provide a common framework for delivering messages from an EIS to an application. Developers may implement RPD connectors according to the common framework, while customizing the RPD connectors according to the particular requirements of the EIS and/or application. |
| US07802258B2 |
Interface between computer software modules
An interface module between a communication module and a number of instances of business logic modules of a software engine comprises first and second functional elements. The first functional element receives incoming data from the communications module and selects which of the instances of business logic modules to forward the incoming data based upon a rule set held within a data structure at the first functional element. The incoming data passes to the selected logic module instance via the second functional element. The second functional element determines either a single shot or a multiple shot mode of operation. If a multiple shot mode of operation is selected incoming data passes to the selected logic module instance sequentially. Alternatively, if a single shot mode of operation is selected a summary data record corresponding summary of incoming data received at the first function element passes to the selected logic module instance. |
| US07802257B1 |
Mechanism for bridging a thread-oriented computing paradigm and a job-oriented computing paradigm
A mechanism is provided for fostering the adoption of grid computing by bridging the thread-oriented paradigm (used in single and multi-processor computers) and the job-oriented paradigm (used in grid computing). This mechanism allows an application developer to write an application in the same manner as if he were writing a thread-oriented program (in terms of creating and joining threads). However, when the application is executed on a client computer and the mechanism is invoked, the mechanism interacts with a resource management interface to cause a distributed resource manager to create, distribute, and manage the execution of jobs on the resource computers of a grid. Thus, rather than actually spawning threads on the client computer, the mechanism causes jobs to be spawned and executed on the grid. By doing this, the mechanism allows the application to take advantage of grid computing without requiring the application to be grid-aware. |
| US07802252B2 |
Method and apparatus for selecting the architecture level to which a processor appears to conform
A method and system for selecting the architecture level to which a processor appears to conform within a computing environment when executing specific logical partitions or programs and performing migration among different levels of processor architecture. The method utilizes a “processor compatibility register” (PCR) that controls the level of the architecture that the processor appears to support. In one embodiment, the PCR is accessible only to super-privileged software. The super-privileged software sets bits in the PCR that specify the architecture level that the processor is to appear to support so that when the program runs on the processor, the processor behaves in accordance with the architecture level for which the program was designed. |
| US07802250B2 |
Support for transitioning to a virtual machine monitor based upon the privilege level of guest software
A system and method for allowing a virtual machine monitor to assume control of a system when the current privilege level of guest software meets a privilege level exiting criteria. The processor detects that the current privilege level meets the criteria and then transfers control from the guest software to the virtual machine monitor. The virtual machine monitor may decline to assume control for certain privilege level changes or values. |
| US07802246B1 |
Systems and methods that facilitate software installation customization
The present invention facilitates customizing software installation such as software updates for a user interface (UI) of a mobile communication device. The systems and methods of the present invention utilize a component that receives software updates (e.g., releases, releases, patches, upgrades, etc.) and presents various installation options to an installer through an interface. The installer can interact with the interface to select one or more components (e.g., controls, menus, menu items, etc) to install and define how such components are installed. For example, the installer can determine a control's location with respect to other controls within a user interface. This can be achieved by moving graphical components within the user interface and/or by providing parameters, setting flags, and/or including suitable arguments. In addition, the installer can add components to an installation. For example, the installer can add proprietary and/or third party applications, features, brands, logos and aesthetics to the installation. |
| US07802245B2 |
Methods and apparatus for performing in-service upgrade of software in network processor
Improved techniques are disclosed for performing an in-service upgrade of software associated with a network or packet processor. By way of example, a method of performing an in-service upgrade of code, storable in a memory associated with a packet processor and executable on the packet processor, from a first code version to a second code version, includes the following steps. A first step includes preparing for the upgrade by generating one or more write operations to effectuate the code upgrade from the first code version to the second code version. A second step includes updating the code from the first code version to the second code version by propagating the one or more write operations to the packet processor. A third step includes cleaning up after the updating step by reclaiming one or more memory locations available after the update step. As such, the storage of only a single version of the code in the memory associated with the packet processor is required. |
| US07802242B2 |
Image processing apparatus used in network environment
At the power-on timing, a device search request is sent in broadcast transmission or multicast transmission from a server side device. Device search response data is transmitted from a client side device to the server side device. At the server side device receiving the device search response data, any client side device present on the network is detected. The server side device determines a client side device whose software can be updated based on the device search response data, and transmits the required software to the client side device to request update. The client side device receives the software from the server side device to update its own software. |
| US07802241B2 |
Method for estimating processor energy usage
A method for estimating energy usage of a program code executed by a very long instruction word (VLIW) processor. The program code includes multiple instructions, which are organized as groups referred to as execution sets. The instructions of an execution set are executed simultaneously. A no operation (NOP) energy and incremental instruction energy for each execution set of the program code are determined to compute a base energy of each execution set. An inter-execution set energy of each execution set is then computed. The estimated energy usage of each execution set is determined by adding the corresponding inter-execution set energies to the base energies. A stall energy consumed on account of executing the program code is then computed. Finally, the estimated energy usage of the program code is determined by adding the stall energy to the determined energies of all the execution sets. |
| US07802240B2 |
Mechanism for compiling programs
A mechanism is disclosed for compiling a program which is written in a first language having a first syntax. An indication is detected, in a set of code within the program, that the set of code contains a non-compliant identifier that is not intended to be compliant with the first syntax associated with the first language. In response to detecting the indication, the non-compliant identifier is transformed into a transformed identifier that is compliant with a second syntax associated with a second language. Compiled code that uses and operates with the transformed identifier is emitted. For example, the first program may be written in language that is substantially similar to the Java programming language. The first syntax may be a syntax that is substantially compliant with syntax of the Java programming language. The second language may be XML, wherein the second syntax is substantially compliant with XML. |
| US07802239B2 |
Supporting method references in the JAVA language
According to one embodiment of the invention, the JAVA compiler is modified so that when the JAVA compiler determines, while compiling source code, that an invocation of a first method, which expects to receive a reference to an object, passes, to the first method, a reference to a second method instead of a reference to an object, the JAVA compiler does not issue a compile-time error as the JAVA compiler normally would. Instead, the JAVA compiler generates compiled code (e.g., byte code) that the JAVA compiler would have generated if the source code had (a) defined a “bridge” class that implemented a method that invoked the second method and (b) contained, in the invocation of the first method, a reference to an object that was an instance of the “bridge” class in the place of the reference to the second method. |
| US07802233B2 |
Automated display of trace historical data
The intuitive display of trace historical data in a manner that processing control transfer between processing entities is represented in the context of trace data from multiple processing entities. For each processing entity, a set of one or more trace entries are identified for that processing entity and displayed in a manner that the trace entries for the processing entity are shown associated with the processing entity. The transfer of control between processing entities is also shown in a manner that illustrates a transfer of processing control. |
| US07802231B2 |
Generating programmatic interfaces from natural language expressions of authorizations for provision of information
An embodiment of the present invention is a technique for translating a business rule. An operation for a rule to authorize a provision of information is created. A current container is established. A propositional expression in the rule describing the provision of the information is processed. If the current container is null, a context for the propositional expression is recorded as null, else an object type in the current container is recorded as a resulting context from the propositional expression. |
| US07802227B1 |
Customized control building
A system and method is disclosed for creating a reusable control from various applications or portions of applications. Using a pre-existing application or one specifically developed for the control, a developer programmatically declares which functionalities of the original application are to be included in the new control. This control building logic becomes a part of the application code. On execution of the application with the added control building logic, the native code that will re-create the control functionality is automatically generated. The control developer may now extend the generated code using simple Object Oriented Programming (OOP) inheritance to add properties and parameters that will control its behavior. The resulting control may then be referenced by other developers when creating a new software application. |
| US07802222B2 |
Generalized constraint collection management method
Techniques are provided to allow users of Electronic Design Automation (EDA) tools to define constraint template types for efficiently associating constraints with design objects to specify design intent. Processes for creating and validating the constraints are provided by user-defined plug-ins, thereby allowing users to annotate circuit designs with constraints for proprietary layout and fabrication processes without exposing the constraints to tool vendors or competitors. The constraints are re-created from the template types whenever the circuit design is loaded into the EDA tool, so that the constraints are based upon the latest version of the template type. The constraints are also re-created when validation fails. Constraint groups are reusable in different designs, technology nodes, and processes because they automatically expand to provide the specific constraints to achieve a goal. The specific constraints in a template type can be modified as technology changes, and the modification will automatically be applied to the design objects. |
| US07802221B1 |
Design tool with graphical interconnect matrix
Techniques and mechanisms provide numerous representations and/or control of component interconnections in a digital design. For example, aspects of the invention provide a connection panel where connections can be presented in different modes. The different modes can run concurrently with each other or separately from each other. The different modes can also be manually or automatically selected to switch from one mode to another mode. For instance, the modes can be manually selected using an on-screen button or automatically selected by examining the location of the mouse pointer on the connection panel. Based on the different modes, component interconnections can be easily and efficiently handled and presented. Further, components can be automatically organized to minimize the number of crossing interconnects between them and/or maximize the amount of interconnection information presented. |
| US07802214B2 |
Methods and apparatuses for timing analysis of electronics circuits
Methods and apparatuses for performing timing analyses of an electronic circuit are provided. Waveforms of signals in the circuit are determined, and timing checks are performed based on these waveforms. |
| US07802209B2 |
Method for reducing timing libraries for intra-die model in statistical static timing analysis
A method for performing statistical static timing analysis on an integrated circuit (IC) is disclosed, which comprises identifying a plurality of turned-on devices in the IC during a predetermined operation of the IC, choosing only the libraries of the plurality of turned-on devices, and calculating a time delay of the IC using only the chosen libraries, wherein the number of libraries used for the time delay calculation is reduced. |
| US07802207B2 |
System, method, and article of manufacture for generating a customizable network user interface
A method for generating a user-sharable network user interface is provided. A management interface is displayed. The management interface allows a user to select and manage information displayed on an information screen. The user is allowed to select information available in content sources. The selected information of the content source is marked and stored. The marked information is retrieved and displayed on the information screen. A second user is allowed to see the window of the information screen of the first user if the second user is authorized. The user is allowed to interact with customization tools via a wireless device for customizing the management interface. A pattern can be replayed for retrieving data for display. An application can be invoked for providing data for display. The information can also be translated. |
| US07802203B2 |
Method for providing selectable alternate menu views
In a method for providing a menu display, in response to a menu item selection, the method may determine whether a menu map selection event or a cascading menu selection has occurred, may display a plurality of menus including those that are of a hierarchical level below and not immediately following the hierarchical level of the menu item upon a condition that the menu map selection event occurred, and may display a plurality of menus including a submenu of the menu item that is of an hierarchical level immediately below and not further below that of the menu item if the cascading menu selection has occurred. |
| US07802196B2 |
Method and apparatus to accelerate scrolling for buffered windows
Methods and apparatuses to accelerate scrolling for buffered windows. In one aspect of the invention, a method to scroll a buffered window on a data processing system includes: determining a second region of a second pixel image of a window in a frame buffer, which corresponds to a first region of a first pixel image of the window buffered in a window buffer that is scrolled from a first position to a second position in the first pixel image of the window in the window buffer; and scrolling the second region in the frame buffer to synchronize the second pixel image in the frame buffer with the first pixel image in the window buffer. In one example according to this aspect, the second region in the frame buffer is scrolled using graphics hardware; the frame buffer is located inside a video memory under control of the graphics hardware. |
| US07802187B2 |
Method for displaying user interface in accordance with user's intention
A user interface is controlled to support a user using an image processing apparatus which can perform a task, for example, for storing image data obtained by a scanner in a memory or printing the image by a printer. In a display apparatus which can display a user interface including operation items, a user's intention is estimated, and an operation by the user for specifying a task is supported. For example, statuses of an image input unit and an image accept unit relating to execution of the task are monitored, and display forms of the operation items are varied in accordance with results of the monitoring. |
| US07802179B2 |
Synchronizing data between different editor views
The present invention extends to methods, systems, and computer program products for synchronizing data between different editor views. Embodiments of the present invention can be used to incrementally parse a portion of a document using a mark-up language (e.g., HTML) snippet. The parsed snippet is then merged back into the main document. Accordingly, code changes in a text view can be integrated into a design view's main document structure (e.g., parse tree) such that the preservation information for the parsed snippet is merged with the preservation information for the rest of the document. Fully reparsing the document is not required and incremental reparsing can be done in automated fashion. Thus, a document can be automatically re-outputted with full preservation of what the document would have looked like in code view without fully reparsing the document. |
| US07802175B2 |
Automated address formatting
The automated insertion of formatted address information includes the generation of one or more electronic documents based on a document template having specific guidelines for the format of the address information. From this template, address information is inserted therein. Prior to insertion, an address format command is received which indicates which type of formatting is to be utilized. If a mailing format is utilized, the insertion of the address fields is performed relative to postal jurisdiction protocols. Otherwise, if a style format is used, the address fields are inserted based on the defined style, which may be associated with the template or specific through a user selection or automated selection. Furthermore, the user may define the applicable style for the address information in the electronic documents. Thereupon, these documents may be readily transmitted to the intended recipient with the user-selected address formatting. |
| US07802169B2 |
Error correction devices and correction methods
An error correction device is provided. When an error of a data group stored in a dynamic random access memory (DRAM) device is detected, a memory controller of the error correction device executes a burst read and write, burst write or burst read-modify-write (RMW) operations to the DRAM instead of the conventional single read-modify-write (RMW) operation, thereby reducing the occupied bandwidth of the DRAM. |
| US07802168B1 |
Adapting encoded data to overcome loss of data
Methods and systems for overcoming the apparent loss of a data packet are described. Encoded second data can be accessed, where the second data is predictively encoded with reference to encoded first data. A data packet that includes at least a portion of the first encoded data can be sent to a downstream device. If the data packet was not properly received by the downstream device, the encoded second data can be adapted to make it decodable independent of the encoded first data. |
| US07802166B2 |
Memory controller, memory circuit and memory system with a memory controller and a memory circuit
Methods and apparatus for adjusting a phase difference between clock signals. A first clock signal at a memory controller is adjusted relative to a clock second signal at a memory device. In one embodiment, data is transferred to the memory device according to the first clock signal, which has a predetermined phase relationship with second clock signal. Data received at the memory device is sampled at the memory device according to the second clock signal. Analysis is done of the data on the memory controller and of the received data on the memory circuit. On the basis of the analysis, an adjustment may be made to the phase relationship. |
| US07802159B1 |
Enhanced logic built-in self-test module and method of online system testing employing the same
A logic built-in self-test (LBIST) module and a method of online system testing. In one embodiment, the LBIST module includes: (1) first and second data sources selectable to provide alternative respective first and second data to at least one scan chain and (2) a scan clock modifier associated with the first and second data sources and configured to drive the at least one scan chain with a selectively aperiodic modified scan clock signal. |
| US07802153B1 |
Trainable link
A method is provided to align clock and data signals over a source-synchronous link. The method includes sending header data and a default clock signal over the link. The header indicates a start of a training packet and the default clock signal ensures that the header is received without error. The method further includes providing a long clock pulse, phase shifting the clock signal during the long clock pulse, and thereafter sending training data and the clock signal over the link. The above steps are repeated until the training data are received with error. At that point, the phase shift of the clock signal is saved as a boundary of an optimal alignment. The above steps are then repeated with the clock signal shifted in a different direction. Once another boundary is located, the boundary midpoint is saved as the phase shift that provides the optimal alignment. |
| US07802146B2 |
Loading test data into execution units in a graphics card to test execution
Provided are a method and system for loading test data into execution units in a graphics card to test the execution units. Test instructions are loaded into a cache in a graphics module comprising multiple execution units coupled to the cache on a bus during a design test mode. The cache instructions are concurrently transferred to an instruction queue of each execution unit to concurrently load the cache instructions into the instruction queues of the execution units. The execution units concurrently execute the cache instructions to fetch test instructions from the cache to load into memories of the execution units and execute during the design test mode. |
| US07802145B1 |
Approach for facilitating analysis of computer software errors
An approach for facilitating the analysis of computer software errors generally involves logging status data in a volatile memory, such as a random access memory (RAM). The status data may indicate one or more attributes of a computing system or any of its components. The status data may be supplemented with additional status data to indicate attributes of the computing system and its components over time. In response to detecting a specified condition, the status data is written from the volatile memory to a non-volatile memory, for example, onto one or more disks. The status data stored on the non-volatile memory may then be used to analyze the behavior of the computer software over time leading up to the computer software error. |
| US07802143B2 |
Testing system and testing method thereof
A present testing system (100) for testing electronic products is provided. The testing system includes a processor (10), a preliminary testing apparatus (20), and a final testing apparatus (30). The processor includes an encoding module (15) for generating product codes corresponding to the respective electronic products. The preliminary testing apparatus includes a data acquisition device (22) and a marking device (26). The data acquisition device tests the electronic products, acquires preliminary test data of the electronic products, and transmits the preliminary test data to the processor. The marking device marks the product codes onto the corresponding electronic products. The final testing apparatus includes a read device (32) for reading the product codes marked onto the electronic products and transmitting the product codes to the processor. The processor locates the corresponding preliminary testing data of the electronic products according to the product codes transmitted by the read device. |
| US07802136B2 |
Compiler technique for efficient register checkpointing to support transaction roll-back
A method and apparatus for efficient register checkpointing is herein described. A transaction is detected in program code. A recovery block is inserted in the program code to perform recovery operations in response to an abort of the first transaction. A roll-back edge is potentially inserted from an abort point to the recovery block. A control flow edge is inserted from the recovery block to a entry point of the transaction. Checkpoint code is inserted before the entry point to backup live-in registers in backup storage elements and recovery code is inserted in the recovery block to restore the live-in registers from the backup storage elements in response to an abort of the transaction. |
| US07802129B2 |
Mobile handset employing efficient backup and recovery of blocks during update
A fault tolerant method of updating software and firmware in non-volatile memory in electronic devices such as, for example, cellular phones, personal digital assistants, pagers and the like, which supports efficient recovery of corrupted memory contents when interruption of updating activities occurs, and that minimizes writes to the non-volatile memory. |
| US07802127B2 |
Method and computer system for failover
In a computer system wherein plural servers are connected with an external disk device via a network, each server incorporates therein a logic partition module for configuring at least one logic partition in the server, and the operating system stored in the logic partition is booted by the boot disk of an external disk device, the failover operation is performed only for the logic partition affected by a failure when the task being executed by a working server is taken over by another server at the time of the failure occurring in the working server. |
| US07802122B2 |
Computer and control method thereof
A computer includes a CPU and a system unit, and further includes a power source, a system driving power generator which converts source power input from the power source to be outputted to the system unit, a CPU driving power generator which outputs driving power to drive the CPU, and a controller which selectively supplies either the source power from the power source or the system power converted from the system driving power generator to an input terminal of the CPU driving power generator according to an operation mode of the CPU. Thus, a computer adjusts a level of power supplied to a CPU driving power generator according to a CPU mode and improves power efficiency, and includes a control method thereof. |
| US07802120B2 |
Methods and apparatuses for dynamic power control
Exemplary embodiments of methods and apparatuses to dynamically redistribute power in a system that includes a plurality of subsystems are described. A load profile of the system is identified. The power is redistributed between the subsystems while tracking the load profile. The load profile may be an asymmetric, or a balanced load profile. The load profile is identified based on a utilization factor for each of the subsystems. In one embodiment, the power used by each of the subsystems is sensed by one or more sensors or predicted or estimated. A utilization factor, which may be a ratio of the actual power used by the subsystem to the power allocated to the subsystem, is calculated. The load profile is determined using the utilization factor of each of the subsystems. A power weighting arrangement between the subsystems, for example, a power distribution table, is selected based on the load profile. |
| US07802119B2 |
Method and system for saving power of central processing unit
For saving power of a central processing unit at a C3 power level upon processing a bus master request from a peripheral device, an arbitrator is disabled from transmitting any request to the central processing unit at the C3 power level. Afterwards, in response to a bus master request, the central processing unit is switched from the C3power level to a transitional C0 power level while keeping the arbitrator disabled, and then switched from the transitional C0 power level to a C2 power level while enabling the arbitrator to process the bus master request. |
| US07802117B2 |
Automated power management for electronic devices
The present invention discloses a power management apparatus and method for devices comprising an interface module that includes receivers for receiving input signals from a device, an auto power management unit coupled with receivers for determining a state of the input signals, and outputting a power management signal based on the determined state of the input signal. Further provided is an electronic unit coupled with the auto power management unit for driving driver units, with the power management signal toggling ON/OFF a status of the electronic unit based on the determined state of the input signal to thereby reduce power utilization. |
| US07802115B2 |
Apparatus and method for energizing a computer in a vehicle
A vehicle includes a power supply and an ignition. A computer includes a mother board with a converting circuit for converting electricity. A switching circuit controls the transfer of electricity to the converting circuit from the power supply. A detecting circuit detects the state of the ignition, sends an ON signal and instructs the switching circuit to conduct the transfer if the ignition is turned on, and sends an OFF signal and instructs the switching circuit to interrupt the transfer if the ignition is turned off. A central processing unit receives electricity from the converting circuit and turns on or off the computer. A south bridge controller receives electricity from the converting circuit and instructs the central process to turn on the computer on receiving the ON signal or turn off the computer on receiving the OFF signal. |
| US07802114B2 |
State change sensing
Application of too much voltage to a memory cell will cause damage to the cell or even destroy the cell. Tracking current that arises from an application of voltage upon a memory cell allows for minimization of damage upon the memory cell. If there is a change in current, then the voltage application can be accordingly changed. |
| US07802113B2 |
MCU with on-chip boost converter controller
An integrated system on a chip includes processing circuitry that performs predefined digital processing functions on the chip. The processing circuitry operates responsive to a regulated voltage. An on-chip boost converter generates the regulated voltage responsive to an off-chip voltage provided by an off chip voltage source. The regulated voltage source has a voltage level greater than the off-chip voltage. |
| US07802106B2 |
Method and system for guaranteeing the integrity of at least one software program which is transmitted to an encryption/decryption module and recording media for implementing same
A method of guaranteeing the integrity of at least one computer software program transmitted by a transmitter to a decoder which is equipped with an encryption/decryption module via a long-distance information transmission network. The inventive method includes inserting (at 52) a supplementary piece of information into a message containing the information necessary for the decoder to decrypt the information signals transmitted by the transmitter, the supplementary information enabling the encryption/decryption module to verify that it has effectively received each computer software program transmitted. |
| US07802105B2 |
Method and apparatus for generating cryptographic key using biometric data
A method of securely storing and authenticating biometric data against attacks of a third party includes encoding input biometric data, and applying a one-way function to the encoded biometric data. A first exclusive OR operation is performed to the result of the one-way function and a selected secret key. The result of the first exclusive OR operation is encoded, and a second exclusive OR operation is performed to the encoded result of the first exclusive OR operation and the encoded biometric data. The result of the second exclusive OR operation is stored. In the same manner, the biometric data is authenticated. Accordingly, the biometric data can be securely stored against the attacks of a third party by processing and storing the biometric data according to a predetermined procedure. |
| US07802101B2 |
System and method of retrieving a watermark within a signal
A system and method of retrieving a watermark in a watermarked signal are disclosed. The watermarked signal comprises odd and even overlapped blocks where the watermark is contained in the even blocks. The method comprises, for each k-th even block, subtracting the two adjacent odd numbered blocks from the k-th even block of the watermarked signal to retrieve s *k(n), transforming s *k(n) into the frequency domain to generate S k(f), calculating a phase of S k(f) as φ (f) and a phase of Sk(f) as φ(f), calculating the difference Ψ (f) between φ (f) and φ(f), unwrapping Ψ (f) to obtain the phase modulation {tilde over (Φ)} k(f), and using a Viterbi search to retrieve the watermark embedded in {tilde over (Φ)} k(f). |
| US07802098B2 |
Cryptography method and smart cards microcircuit
Method of cryptography in a smart card comprising a central processing unit, said method implementing precomputation operations, characterized in that said precomputation operations are performed by the smart card and in that the precomputation operations are carried out at a session during the waiting periods of the inputs/outputs of the central processing unit. |
| US07802097B2 |
Secure method of termination of service notification
A method for notifying a client device of termination of at least one service provided to the client device by a server system within an enterprise network is disclosed. The method includes the step of establishing authentication data and notification data, where the authentication data is related to the notification data, and sending the authentication data to the client device for storage during a provisioning operation. When the server system identifies a termination of service, it sends the notification data to the client device, which may then authenticate the received notification data using the authentication data. |
| US07802096B1 |
Fallback key retrieval
An apparatus, method, and computer-readable media capable of encrypting and decrypting secure documents with multiple passwords and/or fallback keys. Embodiments allow documents to decrypt themselves or be able to be decrypted with multiple passwords. Methods embodiments include the creation of self-encrypted documents that provide for multiple password decryption, and may include the automatic generation of at least one fallback key to facilitate decryption of documents. |
| US07802093B2 |
Methods and systems for proofing identities using a certificate authority
A digital certificate is provided to a customer having an electronic account linked to the customer's physical address. Using the digital certificate, the customer performs electronic transactions with a third party. A proofing workstation receives a request from a third party to validate the digital certificate. The proofing workstation communicates with a proofing server that maintains a list of valid certificates and a list of revoked certificates. The proofing server sends a response to the proofing workstation, where it is received by the third party. |
| US07802090B2 |
Determining composition of an initialization vector for encapsulating security payload processing
A method which includes receiving a request to perform encapsulating security payload (ESP) processing for data exchanged between a node and an other node over a secure network connection established via an Internet Protocol security (IPsec) security association. Information associated with the IPsec security association is obtained based on the request. The information indicates a prepend data unit size for an initialization vector, a generated data unit size for the initialization vector and an append data unit size for the initialization vector. A composition of each initialization vector included with encrypted data exchanged between the node and the other node based, at least in part, on the prepend, generated and append data unit size for the initialization vector is then determined. |
| US07802086B2 |
Method for recovering BIOS chip in a computer system
A method for recovering a content of a basic input output system (BIOS) of a computing system, includes the steps of: providing an externally electrical connection to said BIOS and said computing system; providing an operable recovery source for said BIOS and connectable with said computing system via said externally electrical connection; recording recovery information from said recovery source via said externally electrical connection; and switching said externally electrical connection of said recovery source to another electrical connection between said BIOS and said computing system so as to replace said content of said BIOS by said recovery information. |
| US07802085B2 |
Apparatus and method for distributing private keys to an entity with minimal secret, unique information
In some embodiments, a method and apparatus for distributing private keys to an entity with minimal secret, unique information are described. In one embodiment, the method includes the storage of a chip secret key within a manufactured chip. Once the chip secret key is stored or programmed within the chip, the chip is sent to a system original equipment manufacturer (OEM) in order to integrate the chip within a system or device. Subsequently, a private key is generated for the chip by a key distribution facility (KDF) according to a key request received from the system OEM. In one embodiment, the KDF is the chip manufacturer. Other embodiments are described and claims. |
| US07802082B2 |
Methods and systems to dynamically configure computing apparatuses
Methods and systems to dynamically configure computing apparatuses, such as desktop computers and portable computing devices, are disclosed. Embodiments generally comprise configuration systems that communicate with the computing apparatuses, retrieve hardware and/or software information from the apparatuses, and use the information to configure and/or load software onto the apparatuses. The computing apparatuses being configured may comprise desktop computers, computer workstations, or servers, as well as handheld and/or portable computing devices such as notebook or palm-held computers, cellular telephones, and portable media players. In many embodiments, the configuring systems compare information pertaining to installed hardware and software of the computing device, compare the information to software compatibility databases, select software and other configuration information based upon the comparison, and configure the computing apparatuses with the selected software and other configuration information. |
| US07802075B2 |
Synchronized high-assurance circuits
A high-assurance system for processing information is disclosed. The high-assurance system comprising first and second processors, a task matching circuit, and first and second outputs. The task matching circuit configured to determine a software routine is ready for execution on the first processor, and delay the first processor until the second processor is ready to execute the software routine. The first output of the first processor configured to produce a first result with the software routine. The second output of the second processor configured to produce a second result with the software routine, where the first result is identical to the second result. |
| US07802073B1 |
Virtual core management
The present disclosure provides methods and systems adapted for use with a processor having one or more physical cores. The methods and systems include a virtual core management component adapted to map one or more virtual cores to at least one of the physical cores to enable execution of one or more programs by the at least one physical core. The one or more virtual cores include one or more logical states associated with the execution of the one or more programs. The methods and systems may include a memory component adapted to store the one or more virtual cores. The virtual core management component may be adapted to transfer the one or more virtual cores from the memory component to the at least one physical core. |
| US07802070B2 |
Approach for de-fragmenting physical memory by grouping kernel pages together based on large pages
An approach for de-fragmenting physical memory generally involves grouping kernel pages together based on large pages. The de-fragmentation procedure is triggered, such as by a kernel page-freelist being empty. The first user page from a user page-freelist is selected, marked as a kernel page (e.g., by setting a P_KERNEL bit), added to the kernel page-freelist, and then the large page in which the selected page is identified. Starting with the first small page within the large page, the small pages are processed by the de-fragmentation procedure, resulting in as many small pages as possible being marked as kernel pages and then added to the kernel page-freelist. Later, when a large page is coalesced, the number of kernel pages that must be relocated within the large page being coalesced is reduced or eliminated as a result of the de-fragmentation of the physical memory. |
| US07802069B2 |
Method and apparatus for protecting flash memory
A method is provided for protecting flash memory residing on a computing device. The method includes: receiving a data file having a digital signature at a main processor; forwarding the data file from the main processor to a secondary processor for signature validation; validating the digital signature associated with the data file at the secondary processor; enabling a write capability of a flash memory upon successful validation of the digital signature; and writing the data file to the flash memory. |
| US07802064B2 |
Flash memory system control scheme
A Flash memory system architecture having serially connected Flash memory devices to achieve high speed programming of data. High speed programming of data is achieved by interleaving pages of the data to be programmed amongst the memory devices in the system, such that different pages of data are stored in different memory devices. A memory controller issues program commands for each memory device. As each memory device receives a program command, it either begins a programming operation or passes the command to the next memory device. Therefore, the memory devices in the Flash system sequentially program pages of data one after the other, thereby minimizing delay in programming each page of data into the Flash memory system. The memory controller can execute a wear leveling algorithm to maximize the endurance of each memory device, or to optimize programming performance and endurance for data of any size. |
| US07802061B2 |
Command-based control of NAND flash memory
Some embodiments of the invention use a command-based interface to control reads and writes with non-volatile memory devices. This may reduce the number of pins that are needed on each integrated circuit, and therefore reduce the cost and size of those integrated circuits. In some embodiments, an on-die cache buffer may be used to buffer data transfers between a high-speed memory bus and the slower speed non-volatile array. |
| US07802060B2 |
Hardware control for changing the operating mode of a memory
Circuit arrangement having a memory unit which can be operated either in a low-power operating mode or in a normal-power operating mode. A setting unit sets the operating mode of the memory unit, a detector unit detects an access operation to the memory unit, and a control unit controls the setting unit on the basis of the detection result from the detector unit, where the detector and control units are hardware components. |
| US07802059B2 |
Object based conflict detection in a software transactional memory
Object-based conflict detection is described in the context of software transactional memory. In one example, a pointer is received for a block of instructions, the block of instructions having allocated objects. The lower bits of the pointer are masked if the pointer is in a small object space to obtain a block header for the block, and a size of the allocated objects is determined using the block header. |
| US07802052B2 |
Methods for processing multi-source data
Methods for processing multi-source data. It is determined whether any data exists at a position pointed by a first pointer corresponding to a first data source in a queue. If so, an overlapped portion of data read from the first data source and the data pointed by the first pointer in the queue is processed with the data in the queue, and stored to the queue from the position pointed by the first pointer. The first pointer re-points to a position subsequent to the processed data in the queue. A non-overlapped portion of the data read from the first data source and the data pointed by the first pointer in the queue is stored to the queue from the position pointed by the first pointer. If the data in the queue is processed with data from each of the data sources, the processed data is output to a data processing system for further processing. |
| US07802050B2 |
Monitoring a target agent execution pattern on a VT-enabled system
Methods, apparatuses, articles, and systems for observing, by a virtual machine manager of a physical device, execution of a target process of a virtual machine of the physical device, including virtual addresses of the virtual machine referenced during the execution, are described herein. The virtual machine manager further determines whether the target process is executing in an expected manner based at least in part on the observed virtual address references and expected virtual address references. |
| US07802049B2 |
Links having flexible lane allocation
Machine-readable media, methods, and apparatus are described for flexibly establishing lanes of links. In some embodiments, any port of a device may be connected to another port of another device. Further, the device may determine interconnections of its ports to ports of other devices by issuing requests on its ports. |
| US07802047B2 |
Universal serial bus device and universal serial bus system including the same
A Universal Serial Bus (USB) device includes an internal circuit and an interface circuit. The interface circuit is configured to interface the internal circuit and an external device for wireless USB (WUSB) communication and USB communication. The interface circuit includes a WUSB module enabling the WUSB communication, an on-the-go (OTG) module enabling the USB communication, and an interface module configured to selectively control the WUSB module and the OTG module to interface the internal circuit and the external device for the WUSB communication and the USB communication. |
| US07802041B2 |
Information processing apparatus including transfer device for transferring requests
According to an aspect of an embodiment, an apparatus has a pair of first system boards, each of the first system boards including a processor and being adapted for sending duplicate requests, in parallel, respectively, a second system board including a processor and being adapted for sending requests, a first transfer device for transferring requests, having a first arbiter for selecting and outputting one of the duplicate requests sent from each of the first system boards, and a second arbiter for selecting and outputting one of the requests sent from the second system board and a second transfer device for transferring requests, having a third arbiter for selecting one of the duplicate requests sent from each of the first system boards and outputting the selected request in synchronization with the selected request outputted by the first arbiter, the second transfer device having a forth arbiter. |
| US07802040B2 |
Arbitration method reordering transactions to ensure quality of service specified by each transaction
A method, an interconnect and a system for processing data is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of: a) receiving a request to perform a data transaction between a master unit and a slave unit, b) receiving an indication of a quality of service requirement associated with said data transaction; c) determining an interconnect quality of service level achievable when transmitting said data transaction over the interconnect logic having regard to any other pending data transactions which are yet to be issued; d) determining a slave quality of service level achievable when responding to said data transaction once received by said slave unit from said interconnect logic; and e) determining whether the combined interconnect quality of service level and the slave quality of service level fails to achieve the quality of service requirement and, if so, reordering the pending data transactions to enable the quality of service requirement of each data transaction to be achieved. Hence, arbitration between data transactions occurs prior to those transactions being provided to the interconnect. It will be appreciated that this enables pending data transactions to be systematically reordered and the quality of service level for each of these reordered data transactions to be accurately calculated to ensure that the quality of service requirement for each of those data transactions is achieved. Accordingly, this enables all aspects of quality of service to be budgeted together and true end-to-end quality of service may be determined for each data transaction. |
| US07802039B2 |
Memory controller, bus system, integrated circuit, and control method of integrated circuit including controlling flow of data to and from memory
An integrated circuit including: a bus system including a bus master connected to a bus; and a memory controller connected to the bus system and controlling a connection between the bus master and a memory, in which the bus system includes a counter counting a waiting time from a time the bus master outputs a memory access request until a time a connection between the bus master and the memory controller is established, and the memory controller controls a memory access based on the waiting time counted by the counter. |
| US07802037B2 |
Control of an actuator-sensor-interface compatible device using a remote intelligence device
A communication network that includes a master device, an actuator-sensor-interface (AS-I) communication bus, a device configured to be monitored and controlled, and a slave device in communication with the master device via the AS-I communication bus. The device that is configured to be monitored and controlled, is operatively connectable to the slave device, and the slave device is configured to receive commands from the master device via the AS-I communication bus, and to execute the commands to control the device. |
| US07802034B2 |
Method for performing full transfer automation in a USB controller
A USB controller and method of implementing a full transfer automation mode is described. The USB controller may have a host interface module configured to generate hardware logic signals for communication to a backend module having buffer memory. The backend module may be configured to generate hardware logic signals for communication with the host interface module such that data transfer within the USB device may be implemented without the need for processor intervention to handle routing of data packets during a USB bulk data transfer. |
| US07802031B2 |
Method and system for high speed network application
A method and system for a PCI-Express device is provided. The PCI-Express device includes a buffer memory placed in a receive path for receiving an incoming data stream from a Fibre Channel network, wherein the buffer memory is written in a first clock domain and read in a second clock domain using at least two read pointers that are generated by a read pointer logic module, and read pointer values are adjusted based on whether a character is inserted or deleted to avoid buffer memory underflow and/or overflow conditions. |
| US07802028B2 |
Total dynamic sharing of a transaction queue
A network device for dynamically allocating memory locations to plurality of queues. The network device includes an assigning means for assigning a predefined amount of a temporary memory buffer and a shared memory buffer to each of a plurality of ports and for allocating a fixed allocation of the temporary memory buffer and the shared memory buffer to each of a plurality of queues associated with each port. After each queue has accumulated a predefined portion of data in the temporary memory buffer, the data is transmitted to the shared memory. The means for assigning reduces the shared memory access bandwidth by a predefined amount that is less than a processing bandwidth of a system clock. |
| US07802025B2 |
DMA engine for repeating communication patterns
A parallel computer system is constructed as a network of interconnected compute nodes to operate a global message-passing application for performing communications across the network. Each of the compute nodes includes one or more individual processors with memories which run local instances of the global message-passing application operating at each compute node to carry out local processing operations independent of processing operations carried out at other compute nodes. Each compute node also includes a DMA engine constructed to interact with the application via Injection FIFO Metadata describing multiple Injection FIFOs where each Injection FIFO may containing an arbitrary number of message descriptors in order to process messages with a fixed processing overhead irrespective of the number of message descriptors included in the Injection FIFO. |
| US07802022B2 |
Generic USB drivers
Techniques are disclosed to provide generic USB drivers. More particularly, a generic USB device driver architecture is described which enables development through a user-mode USB library that accesses a generic kernel-mode driver. In a described implementation, a method includes loading a kernel-mode generic device driver in response to a plug-in event of a device. A user software component accesses the device by utilizing routines provided by the generic user-mode library (e.g., a dynamic link library (DLL)) that communicates with the generic device driver. |
| US07802019B2 |
Hard disk drive condition reporting and error correction
A system that facilitates maintaining hard disk drive performance comprises a memory component that includes extensions to at least one protocol associated with a hard disk drive, the extensions enable communications to occur in real-time between an operating system and the hard disk drive. An interface component utilizes the extensions to receive a notification from the hard disk drive and relay the notification to the operating system, the notification relates to an operating parameter of the hard disk drive. |
| US07802015B2 |
Communications system of heterogeneous elements
A communications system for a network of stations, is provided where stations identify themselves upon being informed of the desires of an inquisitor station. Additionally, techniques for “plug and play”, self-healing and homogenizing the heterogeneous parts of a network, are provided. |
| US07802009B2 |
Automatic reverse engineering of message formats from network traces
A system for automatic inference of message formats from network packets is described. Each network message from a set of network messages is split into one or more tokens based on the types of bytes in the network messages. The set of network messages can then be classified into clusters based on token patterns. The network messages in each cluster can then be further sub-clustered recursively based on the message formats. Further, the messages with a similar message format across the sub-clusters can be merged into a cluster. The set of formatted clusters thus obtained correspond to a set of message formats that can be used further for protocol reverse engineering. |
| US07802008B2 |
Quality of service management in network gateways
An apparatus for ensuring quality-of-service in a network is provided. A first stream sender having a flow control parameter and transmitting a first stream. A network interconnection receiving the first stream and a second stream. First stream being a non-realtime stream and the second stream being a realtime stream. A bandwidth control being associated with the network interconnection. The bandwidth control adjusting the flow control parameter for supporting quality-of-service parameters associated with the second stream. |
| US07802005B2 |
Method and apparatus for configuring buffers for streaming data transfer
A specification of a configurable processor is generated by generating (1) specifications of first and second stream memory interfaces to be operable to access data in accordance with first and second stream descriptors, and (2) a specification of an interim data storage device (buffer) to be accessed by the first and second stream memory interfaces and to be operable to receive data from a first computational module via the first stream memory interface and to transfer data to a second computational module via the second stream memory interface. The specifications are output and may be used to configure a configurable processor. |
| US07802002B2 |
Media data streaming considering performance characteristics of the streaming path
A method and system thereof for streaming media data are described. Media data comprising blocks of data are streamed in an order that is selected according to the performance characteristics of the network path used for the streaming. |
| US07801999B2 |
Binding heterogeneous transports to a message contract
Example embodiments provide for a new set of binding extensions that allow individual messages within a contract of a Network Protocol Description Language data structure (e.g., a portType of a WSDL document or file) to flow over different transports and to different network transport addresses. Further, example embodiments provide for a concise expression of protocol choices through the use of a default element for specifying one of a plurality of binding mechanisms. Moreover, the present invention also provides for not only defining services within a document or data structure through standard URLs, but also for allowing the addressing of a service using an endpoint reference as defined by, e.g., WS-Addressing. This allows for a more robust way to address a service in a document by providing a lightweight, extensible, self-contained description of the service. |
| US07801995B2 |
Cognitive network
A reservation request is received for a data transport session. The reservation request contains a requested class of communication service through the asynchronous network. The state of the network along the route is then preferably determined and at least one end-to-end route through the network is obtained. The route is based on the requested class of communication service and the state of the network. The data transport session is then controlled, such that data is forced to travel along at least one route through the asynchronous network. This is preferably done by controlling multiple data controllers dispersed along the at least one route by mapping specific data protocols to specific routes, or mapping specific data protocols to specific ports in each data controller. If a state of the asynchronous network indicates that the route cannot transport data in conformity to the class of communication service, then the route is changed to a backup route through the network. |
| US07801994B2 |
Method and apparatus for locating candidate data centers for application migration
When an application running at a first data center needs to be migrated to a different data center, the first data center is able to automatically locate an appropriate target data center from among multiple other data centers for receiving the migration of the application. The first data center ensures that a specified level of performance of the application will be maintained following migration of the application by preparing a migration request document that specifies network requirements, server requirements and storage requirements for the application. A targeted data center that is a candidate for receiving migration of the application receives the specified requirements and uses a performance index and other analysis to determine whether its hardware, software and other configurations are capable of meeting the specified requirements. The results of the determination are sent back to the requesting data center, which then decides if migration will be carried out. |
| US07801992B2 |
Network bandwidth control
A system for controlling the bandwidth allocated to a network connection between two nodes. The system receives a bandwidth change request, and generates and sends control commands to network switches of the connection in order to satisfy the change request. A bandwidth control interface, available over the Internet, has code for generating a display of bandwidths available for selection; code for receiving a bandwidth selection chosen from the bandwidths; and code for sending the change request to the network to adjust the bandwidth on the basis of the selection. The interface provides a bandwidth dial representation of the bandwidths that can be selected. |
| US07801988B2 |
Proton beam therapy control system
A tiered communications architecture for managing network traffic in a distributed system. Communication between client or control computers and a plurality of hardware devices is administered by agent and monitor devices whose activities are coordinated to reduce the number of open channels or sockets. The communications architecture also improves the transparency and scalability of the distributed system by reducing network mapping dependence. The architecture is desirably implemented in a proton beam therapy system to provide flexible security policies which improve patent safety and facilitate system maintenance and development. |
| US07801986B2 |
Routing subscription information using session initiation protocols
There is disclosed a method of providing subscription services, the method comprising: establishing a subscription dialog to activate a subscription; terminating said subscription dialog upon establishment of said subscription; and establishing a notification to a subscriber by the steps of: determining the location of the subscriber; establishing a notification dialog to notify the located subscriber; and terminating said notification dialog upon completion of the notification. |
| US07801983B2 |
Hierarchical, multi-tiered mapping and monitoring architecture for smart items
A service repository is used to store at least one service in association with service metadata describing service requirements of the service. The service repository also may store one or more platform-specific service executables. A service mapper is used to determine device metadata associated with each of a plurality of devices, where the device metadata provides device characteristics of the devices. The service mapper may thus map the service to a selected device of the plurality of devices for deployment thereon, based on a matching of corresponding elements of the service requirements and the device characteristics. The service mapper also may re-map the service between devices to maintain a quality and reliability of the service. |
| US07801982B2 |
Cross session process action
Cross session process actions such as diagnostics in which a diagnostic process running in one process attaches and performs diagnostics on a process running in another session. Upon determining that diagnosis is to be performed on a process of another session, diagnostic process uses an intermediary session to launch diagnostic processes in the target session. Thus, actions such as diagnostics can be initiated across sessions. |
| US07801981B2 |
Remote monitoring system, remote monitoring method for electronic apparatus, low order monitoring apparatus, notification method of apparatus monitoring information, high order monitoring apparatus, communication method of maintenance data, program and recording medium
A technique is disclosed which makes it possible to remotely monitor electronic apparatus which do not exist on a wide area network. Electronic apparatus which are used in a non-connected state to a wide area network are remotely monitored using a plurality of low order monitoring apparatus and a high order monitoring apparatus. Each of the low order monitoring apparatus issues, when a particular one of the electronic apparatus which makes an object of monitoring is connected thereto or a recording medium removed from the particular electronic apparatus is connected thereto, a notification of apparatus management information acquired from the particular electronic apparatus to the high order monitoring apparatus. The high order monitoring apparatus unitarily monitors the apparatus management information acquired through the low order monitoring apparatus. |
| US07801980B1 |
Systems and methods for determining characteristics of a network
A packet transmitted on a network is read and decoded. A network device and its operating system are identified by analyzing the decoded packet. If more than one operating system is identified from the decoded packet, the operating system is selecting by comparing confidence values assigned to the operating systems identified. A service running on the network device is identified from the decoded packet or subsequent packets that are read, decoded and analyzed. The network topology of a network is determined by reading, decoding, and analyzing a plurality of packets. A flow between two network devices is determined by reading, decoding, and analyzing a plurality of packets. Vulnerabilities are assigned to operating systems and services identified by reading, decoding, and analyzing packets. Network configuration policy is enforced on operating systems and services identified by reading, decoding, and analyzing packets. |
| US07801977B2 |
Method and system for remote diagnostic, control and information collection based on various communication modes for sending messages to a resource manager
A method, system, and program product for communicating with machines connected to a network. Information sent to or from the machines is transmitted using electronic mail or a via a direct connection. The electronic mail may be transmitted over the Internet to a service center or from a service center to a resource administrator, but also may remain within a local or wide area network for transmission between a machine and a resource administrator. E-mail messages may be transmitted from a computer which is attached to a device which is being monitored or controlled and include information regarding the status, usage or capabilities of the attached device. The device may send status messages and usage information of the device to either a resource administrator or to a service center on the Internet through a firewall. The message may be sent directly to the resource administrator station if urgent service is needed by the device. For routine information, the service center may manage all the resources on an intranet and may send predetermined types of information to the resource administrator using e-mail. |
| US07801974B2 |
Configuration and management system and implementation method of multi-protocol label switching VPN
The invention relates to a configuration and management development system for MPLS VPN in the network management field of a data communication. The development system is a three-dimensional structure, which includes first dimension of view layer, second dimension of management layer and third dimension of TCP/IP layer, and each layer is divided into several sub-layers. MPLS VPN can be implemented in various different ways with the development system; software having better adaptability can be developed. With the development system, configuration and management software for MPLS VPN can be rapidly designed and implemented. The configuration and management software, developed with the development system, has a modularized structure with clear specification and a better expandability. |
| US07801970B2 |
Method and system for efficiently handling navigational state in a portal
The present invention provides a method and system for efficiently handling navigational state by separating the latest navigational state into a base navigational state part and a delta navigational state part. The base navigational state which describes that part of the latest navigational state that is identical across all URLs is encoded in the header of the page markup to be submitted to the client's browser. The delta navigational part that describes the semantics of that specific URL is encoded in its associated URL. Each user interaction using such URL causes the browser to submit the base part as well as the delta part. On the server side the base and delta part are being merged resulting in new navigation state serving as a base for the rendering of the new page. The navigational state is represented as a hierarchical tree-like structure that can be serialized efficiently and compressed by prior art compression techniques. The hierarchical tree-like structure is based on a well-defined state model that is optimized in terms of state serialization. The state model arranges the contained navigational state information in character based information. That saves processing time as it avoids type conversion of navigational information. In addition the present invention includes further strategies to reduce the amount of information that must be serialized. |
| US07801969B2 |
Apparatus and method for compression-transmitting and decoding picture information and storage medium stored its control programs
The present invention provides a real-time live picture information compression-transmission apparatus and method using a connection-less type protocol for a computer network. The compression-transmission apparatus is constituted to divide frame data output from a real-time encoder compressing live picture information into packets, and to transmit the live picture information in a real time manner according to the connection-less type protocol while suppressing burst transmission by conducting transmission control. The present invention also provides a compressed video data decoding apparatus capable of reducing compressed video decoding processing load without deteriorating picture quality and decreasing the number of played back picture planes when playing back a picture. |
| US07801968B2 |
Delegated presence for unified messaging/unified communication
The present invention relates to methods and systems for handling interactions between a user and a computer. In particular, the present invention relates to methods and systems for handling communication messages from different types of communication interfaces. |
| US07801960B2 |
Monitoring electronic mail message digests
A method for monitoring electronic mail messages, each mail message comprising header information and a main body, particularly for protection against virus attacks and unsolicited commercial email (UCE). The method comprises generating a summary digest of only the subject line and the message content of the main body, wherein the message content may comprise textual content and/or attached files. The generated summary digest is stored in a memory, and compared with existing summary digests stored in memory. If the number of matches exceeds a threshold value, an alert signal is raised and appropriate action initiated. A timestamp may be stored with each summary digest, together with sender/recipient details and the internet protocol (IP) address of origin, to aid detection of the originator of the message. |
| US07801958B1 |
Content converter portal
A system including a data network for providing Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) data to wireless terminals from a selection of content servers connected to the data network through a plurality of WAP gateways connected to the data network includes a content converter accessible as a centralized network resource. Characteristics of each wireless terminal and preferences of the user of each wireless terminal are uploaded to the central content converter and stored there. Content provided by a content server is routed through the data network to the central converter for adjustment according to the stored characteristics and preferences, and further routed through the data network to a particular wireless terminal. |
| US07801957B2 |
Apparatus and method for fair message exchanges in distributed multi-player games
The Fair-Order Service of the present invention delivers action messages to the server as soon as it is feasible. Because action messages from different players exhibit different reaction times with respect to an update message, the Fair-Ordering Service executed at the server dynamically enforces a sufficient waiting period on each action message to guarantee the fair processing of all action messages. In reality, the waiting period at the server is bounded because of the real-time nature of interactive games. The algorithms that offer Fair Ordering Service take into consideration delayed and out-of-order action messages. When action messages corresponding to multiple update messages are interleaved, the Fair-Ordering Service matches the action message to the appropriate update message. It accomplishes this by maintaining a window of update messages and using the reaction times for an action message for each of the update messages in the window. This enables state changes at the game server to be performed with fairness to all the players. The Fair-Order Service invention is based on a framework that uses a proxy architecture making it transparent to any specific game application. The service is well suited to client-server based, online multi-player games, where a fair order of player actions is critical to the game outcome. |
| US07801955B2 |
Distributed metrics collection
Distributed metrics collection systems and methods can be used to help bind together a large organization by implementing both formal and informal information flows. Hierarchical reporting and tasking are formal information flows. Gossip is an informal information flow. Users use a set of modules to configure distributed metrics collection. Management type users can configure data flows that appear similar to hierarchical reporting. All users can configure data flows that simply distribute items of interest. Over time, the data flows evolve in an organic manner as users appear, move, change interests, and leave. |
| US07801954B2 |
Method and system for providing expanded presence information when a user is offline
A method and system for providing expanded presence information of publishers to subscribers is provided. The presence system receives expanded presence information from a publisher. A client component of the presence system sends the expanded presence information to a presence server of the presence system. Upon receiving the expanded presence information, the presence server stores the expanded presence information in association with the publisher. When the presence server is to provide the presence information of a publisher to subscribers, the presence server identifies the current presence state of the publisher and retrieves the expanded presence information. The presence server then provides the current presence state and the expanded presence information to the subscribers. |
| US07801953B1 |
Push-to-talk wireless telecommunications system utilizing an voice-over-IP network
A method and system to provide push-to-talk from one user to another in a wireless packet data telecommunications network is described. The system may include: a wireless communication network including push-to-talk (PTT) functionality, with a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Proxy Server; a SIP Registrar and Location Server operable to store contact addresses of active mobile devices; a Realtime Transport Protocol (RTP) Media Gateway (PTT Server) operable to function as a call endpoint for each of a plurality of mobile devices wherein the plurality of mobile devices are segmented into membership groups, the PTT Server further operable to multicast a communication from one member of the group to the other members of the group; and an Internet Protocol (IP) network interconnecting the SIP Proxy server, the SIP Registrar and Location Server, and the PTT Server. |
| US07801950B2 |
System for analyzing and visualizing access statistics for a web site
A method for monitoring and visualizing user access made to a web site is disclosed. The method comprises: embedding in a web page to be monitored code to request a thumbnail image from a site when the page is loaded into a browser. The embedded code also includes a user-activateable link to a page within the system server. At the system server, the requested thumbnail image is returned to the web browser, and the IP address from which the thumbnail was requested is recorded. For each recorded IP address, the server determines a corresponding geographical location. The server creates and stores an image that is a geographical representation of the geographical distribution of the recorded IP addresses, and a thumbnail representation of that image. Upon activation of the user-activateable link, the linked page within the system server that includes the image previously created is retrieved by the browser. The thumbnail image requested by the embedded code is the thumbnail image created in this step. A number of threshold, updating, clustering, storage and archiving routines are deployed to ensure large scalability. |
| US07801949B2 |
Configurable interfaces
Embodiments of a method and system for utilizing a configurable interface are disclosed. An interface server may include a configurable interface. The configurable interface may provide a user interface to enable communication in a system with a client operating on a client machine. An interface data structure comprising may include a structure application program interface (API) and one or more functional components. The structure API may provide an interface for communication between the configurable interface and an application server. The one or more functional components may provide functionality to the configurable interface server-side for enabling communication through the structure API with an application hosted on the application server. |
| US07801948B2 |
Methods and systems for transferring client device data over a network
Systems and methods for the transfer of client device data on a network are described. One described method comprises causing non-time-sensitive client device data to be identified on a client device, causing the non-time-sensitive client device data to be prepared for output and stored by the client device, and causing the non-time-sensitive client device data to be output with a request signal upon satisfaction of a condition. |
| US07801946B2 |
Systems and methods for accessing web services via an instant messaging client
Systems and methods for facilitating the exchange of data between users and modular services using a real-time communication client such as an instant messaging client. The services may be web services providing various services over a communication network. User commands may be generated in an instant messaging client, sent to an automated attendant, which generates a corresponding web service command, and forwards the web service command to the appropriate web service. The automated attendant may then forward to one or more users any messages that are generated by the web service. |
| US07801945B1 |
Method and system for inserting web content through intermediation between a content server and a client station
A method and system for inserting web content through intermediation between a content server and a client station. An intermediation system within an HTTP communication path between a content server and a client station receives a markup language that is being transmitted via the HTTP communication path from the content server to the client station. The intermediation system then detects a markup-insertion instruction within the markup language and responsively inserts new markup language into the set of markup language, so as to establish a modified set of markup language. The intermediation system then sends the modified markup language along the HTTP communication path to the client station. |
| US07801943B2 |
Cataloging audio content
A method, apparatus, and signal-bearing medium that monitors users' audio choices within a network and presents a sorted list of the most recent or most frequent choices in a user interface, from which the user may select. The sorted list may include attributes of the audio, such as the title, the genre, the artist, the source, and the number of times the audio has been played. The list may be kept on a per-user basis, so that all users have their own list. Further, the users may access their list anywhere in the network, and the list may be independent of the location in the network where the audio was played. |
| US07801942B2 |
Rich media file format and delivery methods
A rich media file is a self-contained file, including both the information to be viewed by a user and the viewer that displays the information to the user. The information can be formatted however the client likes: for example, the information can be split across several pages, and can include text and still and animated images. There can also be web links to pages on a network, and e-mail forms to simplify sending an e-mail message to the client. The rich media file can include viewing limitations, so that only the proper password can unlock the file, or that the rich media file will automatically expire after a specified condition occurs. The rich media file also assists the user in obtaining the latest version of the rich media file, by offering to retrieve a newer version for the user. |
| US07801941B2 |
Apparatus and method for exchanging data between two devices
A handheld computer is provided that includes a transport component that receives a request to perform an action from a handheld computer. A router is coupled to the transport component and identifies an action contained in the received request. An executor is coupled to the router and executes the identified action. Additionally, the executor generates a response based on execution of the identified action. The transport component also communicates the response to the handheld computer. |
| US07801936B2 |
Method of generating complex waveforms and modulating signals
Methods for generating complex waveforms, including step functions, impulse functions, and gate pulses are provided, as well as methods for generating modulated waveforms employing a number of known and newly developed modulation formats. The methods of the present invention employ a continuous linear function, wherein all output points are defined. Discontinuities and singularities are eliminated, yet pulses having nearly instantaneous transitions may be achieved. Thus, gate pulses step functions, binary waveforms and the like may all be generated from a single function, where they entire output range of the function is defined over a continuous input domain. |
| US07801932B2 |
Undo hints to speed up segment extension and tuning of undo retention
Methods and systems for using undo hints to speed up segment extension are disclosed. While a process is searching other segments to find available space, the process collects undo hints that describe when space in a segment might become available. These undo hints are placed in a table of undo hints. When a process is not able to find available space, it may consult the table of undo hints to determine how much to decrease the undo retention. After the undo retention is decreased, the process may again consult the table of undo hints to find a segment that likely contains available space now that the undo retention time has been reduced. |
| US07801930B2 |
Recording medium, host device, and data processing method
A semiconductor recording medium holds an open flag showing presence or absence of consistency between content data stored in a data storage section and file system management information, in a system region not directly accessible from a host device. Upon receipt of a write request or erase request to the data storage section from the host device, the semiconductor recording medium automatically updates the open flag to “ON” (value showing possibility of inconsistency). When actual consistency is verified, the host device requests the recording medium to set the open flag to “OFF” (value showing presence of consistency). When mounting, the host device refers to the open flag with a special command to judge necessity for error check process. |
| US07801927B2 |
Video metadata correction apparatus and method
This invention is to provide a technique for properly correcting video metadata related to and synchronized with the video. This video metadata correction apparatus includes: a section identification unit that identifies a section including incorrect video metadata based on information concerning video metadata in a first video metadata storage for storing the information concerning the video metadata as sensor information synchronized with video and a first video feature value, which correlates with the information concerning the video metadata and is extracted from the video; and a corrector that corrects the video metadata in the identified section based on the first video feature value or a second video feature value, which correlates with the information concerning the video metadata and is extracted from the video. In this manner, only an incorrectly measured part can be corrected in an effective manner. |
| US07801926B2 |
Programmable logic and constraints for a dynamically typed storage system
Embodiments define a set of rules such that a type designer can express as part of a type's definition whether the type has extended the logic and/or constraints of its ancestral types in such a way that applications written against that ancestral type will continue to function correctly. Nonconformity can also be indicated and an embodiment can enforce limitations on a set of operations that can be performed on such instances when treated as their ancestral types. Applications can use standard interfaces to discover from embodiments whether such limitations can be in force for a particular instance and provide a user experience that accounts for those limitations. Embodiments can also provide mechanisms to enable type designers to limit a degree of extensibility for both types and/or Items. |
| US07801925B2 |
System and method for electronically processing address information
Systems and methods for electronically correcting uncoded addresses include collecting uncoded addresses in an uncoded address database, sorting uncoded addresses by postal code, automatically emailing delivery personnel to notify them they have records to resolve, limiting personnel's access to various postal codes, correcting and/or adjusting the address, determining whether the corrected address delivery point validates, and if no match can be made after correcting and/or adjusting the address, sending the address to a delivery unit with Delivery Force Knowledge™ to correct the address and return the correction for delivery point validation. |
| US07801924B2 |
Decision tree construction via frequent predictive itemsets and best attribute splits
A decision tree can be constructed via frequent predictive itemsets and best item splits. A hierarchical frequent predictive itemsets tree data structure can be used to construct the decision tree. A bottom-up traversal of the data structure can be used during determination of best item splits. The described technologies can construct decision trees with superior accuracy as compared to conventional greedy decision tree construction approaches. |
| US07801920B2 |
Methods and apparatus for indirectly identifying a retention period for data in a storage system
One embodiment is a method and apparatus for modifying retention periods in a storage system, in which previously defined retention periods for units of data may be reduced. In another embodiment, the retention period of a unit of data may be modified in response to the occurrence of an event by renewing previously defined retention periods until the occurrence of the event is detected. If the occurrence of the event is detected, a retention period associated with that event may be established for the unit of data. In yet another embodiment, retention classes are used to define retention periods for units of data so that the retention period of a unit of data may be modified without modifying the unit of data itself. In a further embodiment, a request to the storage system to reduce a retention period includes authentication information that the storage system may use to verify the request. |
| US07801918B2 |
File access control device, password setting device, process instruction device, and file access control method
A file access control device included in a file management system having a storage unit has an access control management unit that controls access to the storage unit or to a file for which an access is requested while checking a file access right referring to access right information which is set for the storage unit and for each file stored in the storage unit, an access right setting processor that sets, when a file is read from the storage unit and transmitted in response to a file acquisition request when access is permitted by the access control management unit, to a file to be transmitted, an access right based on an access right which is set for the storage unit and an access right which is set for the file and adds, to the file, access right information, and a transmission processor that transmits the file. |
| US07801917B2 |
Method and apparatus for constructing and maintaining a user knowledge profile
A method of constructing an entity profile having private and public portions commences with the assignment of a confidence level to content within an electronic document. The electronic document may be associated with a first entity. The content may be descriptive of the first entity. If the confidence level assigned to the content is less than a predetermined threshold, the content is automatically rejected for inclusion within the entity profile. If the confidence level assigned to the content exceeds the predetermined threshold, the content is included within the private portion of the entity profile. Thereafter, the content can be automatically presented to the first entity for authorization, by the first entity, for inclusion of the content within the public portion of the profile. The public portion of the entity profile may be freely accessible by other entities, whereas the private portion may have access restrictions. |
| US07801912B2 |
Method and apparatus for a searchable data service
Method and apparatus for a searchable data service are described. The searchable data service may be implemented as a Web service with a Web service interface that allows the storage of locators and other attributes associated with entities stored in a data store in a searchable index. The attributes may be expressed as {name, value} pairs. The interface may allow client applications to query the searchable index to retrieve locators for entities in the backend data store according to the attributes associated with each locator. Search speed may be automatically optimized using, for example, indexes, query planning, and parallelism. The searchable data service provides a searchable index and is not a data store per se. The searchable data service separates searching and indexing of data from the actual storage of the data. |
| US07801911B1 |
System and method for using activity identifications in a database system
A database system that is capable of using an activity ID for processing a query. The database system includes at least one master node that is operable to communicate a request to perform a remote action associated with a pre-compiled query. The request comprises an activity ID that identifies the remote action associated with the pre-compiled query. The system further includes at least one slave node that is coupled to the at least one master node. The at least one slave node is operable to receive the request to perform the remote action and to process the request to perform the remote action. In one particular embodiment, the activity ID operates to directs the at least one slave node to one or more executables for use in processing the request. |
| US07801906B2 |
System and method for storing and retrieving filenames and files in computer memory
The invention receives a request to store a file having a filename written in a first text encoding, converts the filename into a Unicode filename and stores the Unicode filename and the file into memory. The invention then sets a flag, associated with the memory, indicating that a first text encoding has been used. To retrieve a Unicode filename, the invention receives a request to locate a Unicode filename from memory. Next, the invention uses a predetermined text encoding to convert the filename into Unicode. The invention then searches for the Unicode filename in the memory. If the Unicode filename is not found, the invention uses a next text encoding from the set of text encodings which have been used, to repeat the conversion and searches the memory until the Unicode filename is identified. Lastly, the Unicode file is retrieved. |
| US07801904B2 |
Navigation system with distributed computing architecture
A system and method for providing geographic data to end users' computing platforms. A server maintains downloadable geographic data that are organized into pre-computed parcels that correspond to pre-determined sub-areas into which the entire geographic region serviced by the server is divided. The server responds to requests from the end users' computing platforms for navigation services and data by sending selected pre-computed parcels of geographic data to the end users' computing platforms. The end users' computing platforms store the pre-computed parcels received from the server in a cache memory. The end users' computing platforms use the data in the pre-computed parcels to provide navigation-related features locally. |
| US07801896B2 |
Database access system
An improved human user computer interface system, wherein a user characteristic or set of characteristics, such as demographic profile or societal “role”, is employed to define a scope or domain of operation. The operation itself may be a database search, to interactively define a taxonomic context for the operation, a business negotiation, or other activity. After retrieval of results, a scoring or ranking may be applied according to user define criteria, which are, for example, commensurate with the relevance to the context, but may be, for example, by date, source, or other secondary criteria. A user profile is preferably stored in a computer accessible form, and may be used to provide a history of use, persistent customization, collaborative filtering and demographic information for the user. Advantageously, user privacy and anonymity is maintained by physical and algorithmic controls over access to the personal profiles, and releasing only aggregate data without personally identifying information or of small groups. |
| US07801889B2 |
Search system for providing information of keyword input frequency by category and method thereof
The present invention relates to a search service system and a method thereof, and more particularly, relates to a search service system capable of providing an input order of a keyword which is input into the search service system, according to a category to which the keyword belongs, and a method thereof. |
| US07801885B1 |
Search engine system and method with user feedback on search results
In one embodiment the present invention includes a search engine that incorporates user feedback to refine search results. The feedback of users regarding previous search results is used to increase the relevancy of future searches. Feedback responses by a particular user may be tracked for user loyalty purposes, in order to increase the amount of user feedback. |
| US07801884B2 |
Data mapping document design system
A data mapping document design system provides a market differentiator that facilitates creating the technical specification for migrating legacy databases. The system addresses the significant technical problems associated with the immensely labor intensive, complex, and error prone endeavor of manually creating the technical specification. The system not only achieves cost and time savings in clearly measurable aspects of data migration such as migration project cost and completion timelines, but also achieves improvements in other harder to measure and track areas, such as data quality, and achieves reductions in subsequently discovered data errors. |
| US07801882B2 |
Optimized constraint and index maintenance for non updating updates
Database management systems allow modification of existing table rows through update statements or other data modification commands. For example, a user may specify, via a command statement, the table to update, the columns to modify and their respective new value(s), and qualify the rows to be updated. Optimized constraint and index maintenance for data modification statements and commands is provided where the new value being assigned to the columns is actually the same as the current value, e.g., update commands that actually leave the columns unchanged. |
| US07801877B1 |
Handle memory access managers and methods for integrated circuit search engine devices
Integrated circuit search engine devices include serially connected stages, a handle memory and a handle memory access manager. The stages store search keys in a multilevel tree of search keys. A first level stage is responsive to an input search key and a last level stage identifies a best match key for the input search key. The handle memory includes handle memory locations that store search result handles. The handle memory access manager searches the handle memory to retrieve a search result handle that corresponds to a best match key. The handle memory access manager refrains from modifying the handle memory in response to modify instructions during active periods of the handle memory when the handle memory is being searched. The handle memory access manager modifies the handle memory in response to the modify instructions during idle periods of the handle memory when the handle memory is not being searched. Related methods are also disclosed. |
| US07801875B2 |
Method of searching for supplementary data related to content data and apparatus therefor
Provided are a method of receiving metadata including keywords related to content data and searching for supplementary data by using the keywords after the content data is reproduced, and an apparatus therefore. The method comprises receiving content data to be reproduced; receiving metadata including at least one keyword related to the content data; and searching for supplementary data related to the content data by using the at least one keyword included in the metadata. According to the present invention, metadata may be accessed during reproduction of content data or after the content data is completely viewed by using a keyword table, and supplementary data may be easily found in a television (TV) browser, by displaying the keywords as recommended keyword buttons. |
| US07801874B2 |
Reporting tools
Reporting tools possess improved filtering, display and alerting methodologies offering enhanced versatility. According to one aspect of the invention, the method has an independent data filtering mechanism, an independent output function that populates an n-dimensional array, and an independent display function. According to a different embodiment, a set of parameterized query relationships organizes a series of data filters into a graphical representation of a parent/child hierarchy in order to execute a series of hierarchical queries where each simple query builds a final query that is complex. According to yet a further alternative embodiment, Boolean logic is used in a series of n-number hierarchical filters, and a combination of n-number outputs, to generate notification in the form of emails/messages/etc. based on data that is dynamically entered into the system. |
| US07801871B2 |
Data archiving system
An encrypted file storage solution consists of a cluster of processing nodes, external data storage, and a software agent (the “File System Watcher”), which is installed on the application servers. Cluster sizes of one node up to many hundreds of nodes are possible. There are also remote “Key Servers” which provide various services to one or more clusters. The preceding describes a preferred embodiment, though in some cases it may be desirable to “collapse” some of the functionality into a smaller number of hardware devices, typically trading off cost versus security and fault-tolerance. |
| US07801867B2 |
Optimizing backup and recovery utilizing change tracking
Application data associated with an application program located on a storage device is restored utilizing tracked changed blocks of the storage device. The changed blocks of the storage device are tracked as the application program modifies the application data. When a system failure has occurred, file change data is generated for each file of the application data as a function of tracked changed blocks of the storage device and file system metadata of the storage device. Additionally, a file difference record for each changed file is generated to indicate changes between the application data and the last backup. The file difference record is applied to the application data such that application data corresponds to the state of last backup. |
| US07801856B2 |
Using XML for flexible replication of complex types
Instances of complex types are logically replicated. In general, the logical replication of complex types involves converting a complex type instance from its storage format into a logical representation written in a markup language, like XML. The logical representation is then propagated to a destination (or destinations), which converts the logical representation to a storage format used at the destination for that complex type. |
| US07801854B2 |
Managing lists and other items in an electronic file system
An electronic file system organizational structure is provided that allows for items to be organized in a directed acyclic graph (DAG). While items may be organized hierarchically as in a tree structure, items may also have multiple direct parents. The electronic file system may further have access to multiple different stores. In addition, various techniques for managing items as they are manipulated and re-organized across different stores are discussed. For example, techniques are discussed for managing an item that has multiple direct parents all in the same first store, where the item is moved or copied to a second different store. Certain of these techniques may more closely match a user's intentions and/or have predictable results from users' points of view. In doing so, actions performed on one organization do not affect other organizations in unexpected or unintended ways. |
| US07801850B2 |
System of and method for transparent management of data objects in containers across distributed heterogenous resources
A system of and method for maintaining data objects in containers across a network of distributed heterogeneous resources in a manner which is transparent to a client. A client request pertaining to containers is resolved by querying meta data for the container, processing the request through one or more copies of the container maintained on the system, updating the meta data for the container to reflect any changes made to the container as a result processing the request, and, if a copy of the container has changed, changing the status of the copy to indicate dirty status or synchronizing the copy to one or more other copies that may be present on the system. |
| US07801847B2 |
Media file conversion using plug-ins
A media player for use with any file format is provided. The system receives a file and provides it to a plug-in to generate a corresponding file having a native file format if the file is not already in a native file format. The system stores both the original file and the converted file, or the original file if no converted file is generated. When synchronizing media content to a media device, the system provides the file having a file format corresponding to a file format preferred by the media device. |
| US07801846B2 |
Generating log sequence identifiers to apply a transaction to a storage system
A method for applying a transaction to a database, the method includes generating a global log sequence identifier (GLSI) value within a first node based on log sequence identifier (LSI) values from one or more additional nodes, generating a local log sequence identifier (LLSI) value within the first node based on the GLSI value generated within the first node, and applying the transaction to the database utilizing the generated LLSI value. |
| US07801833B2 |
Item identification control method
A system and method for identifying and controlling the movement of various items, e.g., suitcases, associated with respective ones of various individuals, e.g., those desiring to travel on a selected means of transportation such as an airline, railway or the like. The system includes a plurality of programmable fingerprint readers each associated with a respective one of the items, a fingerprint scanner for scanning fingerprints from each individual and associating it with one or more of the items, a CPU for receiving readings from each of the item fingerprint readers and information from the scanner, and a retrieving unit (e.g., such as one owned by the transporting party) which retrieves selected ones of the fingerprint readings stored by the CPU for comparing with also retrieved readings from the respective fingerprint readers when the traveling individual presents an item to the transporting party for travel. |
| US07801832B2 |
Systems and methods to identify and locate probate estates
Systems and method to identify and locate probate estates of client debtors. One embodiment includes receiving a client file, wherein the file includes a record of individual client debtors and determining if a date of death is available for each of the individual client debtors. Some such embodiments further include identifying one or more courts in which to search for a probate estate for each of the individual client debtors and searching for a probate estate in each identified court for each respective client debtor. In some embodiments, if a probate estate is not identified for a client debtor, the client debtor is placed in a queue, and the search is performed on a recurring or periodic basis until the probate estate is located or a certain period of time has passed. |
| US07801830B1 |
System and method for marketing, managing, and maintaining intellectual property
The present invention relates to systems and methods for intellectual property marketing, management, and maintenance. An intellectual property marketing system manages the marketing of an intellectual property asset, where the intellectual property asset is based at least in part on an innovation submission of an innovator. An innovation maintenance management system manages rewarding of the innovator based at least in part on the innovation submission. |
| US07801822B2 |
Method of controlling storage system
Provided is a computer system including: a plurality of storage systems interconnected via a network, each storage system including a logical volume that stores data; and a management computer that is connected to the storage systems via the network and includes a port connected to the network and a processor connected to the port, wherein: a logical volume of a transfer source in a storage system of the data transfer source and a logical volume of a transfer destination in a storage system of the data transfer destination are decided; it is determined whether it is necessary or not to migrate a license of a program used for the logical volume of the transfer source from one of the plurality of storage systems to the storage system of the transfer destination; and when it is determined necessary to migrate the license, license information regarding the license to the storage system of the transfer destination is migrated. Accordingly, costs of purchasing licenses necessary during data migration or the like are reduced. |
| US07801807B2 |
Computer implemented automated credit application analysis and decision routing system
A credit application and routing system includes a central processor having and executing a program. The system includes data input capabilities for selectively receiving credit application data from respective applicants at remote locations, and routing capabilities for selectively forwarding the credit application data to remote funding sources and selectively forwarding funding decision data from the funding sources to the respective applicants. The computer program includes routines for receiving a credit application from at least one remote application input and display device, for selectively forwarding a received credit application to at least one finding source, for receiving a finding decision from the at least one finding source, and for forwarding a received funding decision to the at least one remote application input and display device. The system can also obtain credit report data from credit bureaus, and analyze and summarize the credit report data. A computer readable storage medium has a substrate physically configured to represent the computer program which causes a computer to provide the credit application and routing system. |
| US07801796B2 |
Message prioritization process and method
A message prioritization process includes an interface process for receiving a primary attributable security interest message and one or more secondary attributable security interest messages placed by the market participant on a securities trading system. The primary attributable security interest message relates to a defined quantity of an individual security traded on the securities trading system. Each secondary attributable security interest message increments the defined quantity of the primary attributable security interest message by an incremental quantity. A code assignment process assigns a superior prioritization code to the primary attributable security interest message and an inferior prioritization code to each secondary attributable security interest message. These prioritization codes control the order in which the attributable security interest messages are processed by a matching process, and the inferior prioritization code is subordinate to the superior prioritization code. |
| US07801793B2 |
User-specified time-based proxy firing in online auctions
Delay-paced online proxy bidding by providing a counter bid delay value parameter for automatic proxy bidding on behalf of a user in an online auction; automatically checking by an application server a current bid level of the online auction having a plurality of bids from other participants separated in time to form a bidding pace; determining by an application server that any a proxy condition has been met; and placing by an application server computer a counter bid the auction responsive to the proxy conditions being met and a time following or upon the elapse of a counter bid delay from a time of placement of the current bid; wherein the automatic checking, determining and placing counter bids produce a delay paced online proxy bidding according to the counter bid delay value and wherein escalation of the pace of bidding within the auction system is avoided. |
| US07801784B2 |
System and method for managing financial market information
A system and method are provided for managing financial market information. According to certain embodiments, the system includes a computer having a memory, processor, and display. The processor is capable of generating a graphical depiction of the financial market information on the display. The graphical depiction includes a multidimensional representation of a broad range of market information for at least two financial instruments. The graphical depiction resides in a single window on the display. |
| US07801783B2 |
System and method for automatic analysis of rate information
A multi-factor rate analysis system and method for analyzing service plan rates, service providers, and savings other information is provided. Rate information may be based on one or more of historical and other user specific usage information and preferences, current rate information for one or more services as well as other information. This information may be used to identify one or more rate plans that are advantageous to a user, enable the user to select from the identified plans, facilitate the ability of the user to switch from one rate plan to another and provide other benefits and advantages. |
| US07801782B2 |
Object oriented system for managing complex financial instruments
Object oriented design strategies and patterns are applied to financial data processing systems for processing and modeling of financial products (also referred to as financial instruments) with an emphasis being on derivative products. The system employs valuation independent, well-defined financial components (also referred to as financial events) that can be combined to build new financial structures. A general purpose software model is provided for representing the structure and characteristics of these products. A declarative specification language is provided to describe financial instruments in a consistent manner that lends itself to processing in such an object oriented system. A general traversal process is provided that can be applied to the macro structure of a financial instrument to implement various functions that produce results based on such information, such as the stream of financial events associated with the instrument, or the pricing or valuation of the instrument. Techniques including double dispatch and other mechanisms are further provided to provide flexible means of associating the appropriate processing methods with the diverse range of instrument characteristics that are encountered in a typical financial institution's course of business. |
| US07801781B2 |
Access point for mobile devices in a packet based network and a method and system for billing in such a network
An access point for mobile devices with wireless communication capability for usage in a packet based network, said network comprising at least one gateway having access to a remote service, the access point comprises communication means for establishing communication with at least one or more access point in order to form a network between at least said access points. Also, there are means for adding the identity of the mobile device; and registering means for registering the identity of data packets transferred through said access point. The invention also concerns a method and system for billing in such a network. |
| US07801779B2 |
Cash under and cash over adjustments to receipt totals for bank deposits
A method of correcting a computerized ledger for deposit discrepancies uses a display such as a window to record a deposit transaction. An amount of receipts and an amount of adjustment are provided to account for cash over and cash under adjustments to a bank deposit. The data is stored in a computerized ledger system. A real time output is provided from the computerized ledger system that represents the amount of receipts adjusted by the amount of adjustment. Real time, such as same day, accounting data relating to deposits is available for reporting and decision-making. |
| US07801777B2 |
System and method for managing the development and manufacturing of a beverage
A system and method for managing the development and manufacturing process of a beverage is disclosed. The method comprises capturing and recording the development and manufacturing history of the beverage in order to generate a product history. The product history is stored on a computer and is searchable in multiple data dimensions in order to easily retrieve information. The system automatically provides compliance management procedures in order to comply with regulatory standards for the beverage industry. |
| US07801774B2 |
System, computer-readable storage medium, device, and method for managing grocery shopping
A system that incorporates teachings of the present disclosure may include, for example, a system having a controller to receive a grocery list from a communication device of a user, identify a location in a store for each item in the grocery list, determine a selection order for the items in the grocery list based on the identified location of each item, adjust the grocery list according to the selection order and the location of each item, and transmit the adjusted grocery list to a device in the store for conducting grocery shopping according to the adjusted grocery list. Other embodiments are disclosed. |
| US07801765B2 |
Prescription verification system
An apparatus and method for permitting a pharmacist to verify a refill of a filled prescription stored on a host system. A prescription refill screen is provided by the host system to a pharmacy system associated with the pharmacist. The prescription refill screen is associated with the filled prescription. Refill request information is received from the pharmacy system. The refill request information identifying a requested refill of the filled prescription. The refill request information is transmitted through the host system to a health care provider system associated with a health care provider identified by the filled prescription stored on the host system. The host system receives an authorization from the health care provider system authorizing the requested refill of the filled prescription. The host system transmits the authorization to the pharmacy system whereby the pharmacist associated with the pharmacy system is authorized to provide the refill of the filled prescription to the patient. |
| US07801760B2 |
Method and system for capturing and calculating complex consumer ratings of goods and services
Method and system for capturing and calculating complex consumer ratings of goods and services, which in one embodiment comprises receiving from a user a request for a rating of goods or services; and presenting to the user a rating for the goods or services, the rating based on ratings provided by one or more reviewers having demographic features matching demographic features of the user. |
| US07801756B1 |
Hybrid machine/human computing arrangement
A hybrid machine/human computing arrangement which advantageously involves humans to assist a computer to solve particular tasks, allowing the computer to solve the tasks more efficiently. In one embodiment, a computer system decomposes a task, such as, for example, image or speech comparison, into subtasks for human performance, and requests the performances. The computer system programmatically conveys the request to a central coordinating server of the hybrid machine/human computing arrangement, which in turn dispatches the subtasks to personal computers operated by the humans. The humans perform the subtasks and provide the results back to the server, which receives the responses, and generates a result for the task based at least in part on the results of the human performances. |
| US07801755B2 |
Management hierarchy for enterprise applications and methods and systems for generating reports using same
A method of organizing, storing and representing a hierarchy of human resource information and organizational responsibilities of an enterprise provides a human resource user the ability to define and view an organizational chart for a plurality of organizations within a company or enterprise. The method may be used to define a top node and a plurality of other nodes that then can have responsibilities and managers assigned to each node in the hierarchy. Each other manager can have multiple responsibilities, multiple managers or multiple delegations. A graphical user interface may allow users to select and manipulate different combinations of managers and responsibilities to view a hierarchy in an employee centric manner, using menus and drill down charts. |
| US07801752B2 |
Method, apparatus, and program for pre-selling tickets to effect a booking of an event
An apparatus, method, and program for pre-selling tickets to determine whether to book an event or activity, and for facilitating the sale of those tickets. Consumers who pre-purchase a ticket are plainly notified if an event has not yet been booked. They are also shown the progress toward the likely booking of the event. A successful pre-sale of tickets triggers the booking of the event. An unsuccessful pre-sale results in the event not being booked. Consumers who help effect an event booking may be given privileges over those who purchase traditional tickets for the same event after it has already been booked. |
| US07801751B2 |
Method and apparatus for the sale of airline-specified flight tickets
An unspecified-time airline ticket representing a purchased seat on a flight to be selected later, by the airlines, for a traveler-specified itinerary (e.g., NY to LA on March 3rd) is disclosed. Various methods and systems for matching an unspecified-time ticket with a flight are also disclosed. An exemplary method includes: (1) making available an unspecified-time ticket; (2) examining a plurality of flights which would fulfill the terms of the unspecified-time ticket to determine which flight to select; and (3) providing notification of the selected flight prior to departure. The disclosed embodiments provide travelers with reduced airfare in return for flight-time flexibility and, in turn, permits airlines to fill seats that would have otherwise gone unbooked. Because of the flexibilities required of the unspecified-time traveler, unspecified-time tickets are likely to attract leisure travelers unwilling to purchase tickets at the available published fares and, at the same time, are likely to “fence out” business travelers unwilling to risk losing a full day at either end of their trip. Moreover, the flexibilities required of the unspecified-time traveler need not be limited to a departure time; the flexibilities may also include the airline, the departing airport, the destination airport, or any other restriction that increases the flexibility afforded the airline in placing the traveler aboard a flight. The disclosed embodiments thus permit airlines to fill otherwise empty seats in a manner that stimulates latent and unfulfilled leisure travel demand while leaving their underlying fare structures intact. |
| US07801750B1 |
Insurance incentive program for promoting the purchase or lease of an automobile
Included in the terms of a purchase or lease agreement, particularly pertaining to automobiles, a party having a business relationship with the seller or lessor, or the seller or lessor itself, agrees to provide a policy, including at least collision and/or comprehensive coverage, to a qualified buyer. The insurance coverage protects against losses related to the item being purchased or leased for a predetermined period of time. To be qualified, the purchaser or lessor must reside in a particular geographic region and purchase or lease, for example, a particular make and model of automobile. No further characteristics of the purchaser or lessor are considered in obtaining the insurance policy. The sale or lease of the item and provision of the insurance policy may be completed over a computer network, such as the Internet. |
| US07801746B2 |
Dialysis station
A dialysis station including several patient places each of which is provided with a dialyzer and a video terminal. In an internal data network, the video terminals are interlinked with each other and with a server including a data base. At a physician place, the treatment course can be followed for each patient place. If necessary, the physician may intervene and prescribe a new or changed medication appearing on the video terminal of the patient place. After having administered the medicine, the nurse acknowledges the administration of the medicine. The dialogue taking place between physician and nurse is documented in the scope of the treatment course. |
| US07801743B2 |
Use of location awareness of establish communications with a target clinician in a healthcare environment
A method of communicating in a healthcare establishment. The method comprises receiving data indicative of a desire to communicate with a target clinician; receiving data regarding a wirelessly detectable tag associated with the target clinician; determining a location of the target clinician within the healthcare establishment based at least in part on the data regarding the wirelessly detectable tag; applying an unavailability policy to obtain an outcome indicating whether the target clinician is available for communication, the unavailability policy being a function of the location of the target clinician; and responsive to the outcome indicating that the target clinician is available for communication, performing an action to cause communication with the target clinician. In this way, time and effort will not be spent attempting to communicate with clinicians that are not considered to be available, even though they may be registered for duty. |
| US07801742B2 |
Interactive pharmaceutical product packaging
A method of allowing a user to interact with a pharmaceutical product, the pharmaceutical product being associated with packaging having disposed thereon or therein coded data, at least some of the coded data being indicative of at least an identity. The method includes having a computer system receive indicating data from a sensing device, in response to sensing of the coded data, and determine, using the indicating data, at least one action. The computer system then performs the action associated with the pharmaceutical product, the action including at least one of providing information to a user; updating tracking information relating to the pharmaceutical product; performing a transaction relating to the pharmaceutical product; authenticating the pharmaceutical product; and, receiving feedback from the user. |
| US07801739B2 |
System, method and computer program product for facilitating a real estate exchange
A method is provided for facilitating a real estate exchange that includes a sale portion and a purchase portion. The method includes identifying properties of an exchangor for the sale portion of the exchange, and properties of one or more sellers for the purchase portion of the exchange. The properties of the exchangor and the sellers have associated property information stored in a property database. The method also includes engaging the properties for the sale and purchase portions of the exchange to thereby facilitate the exchange. More particularly, engaging the properties includes providing a buyer with at least a portion of the property information associated with one or more properties identified for the sale portion of the exchange, and providing the exchangor with at least a portion of the property information associated with one or more properties identified for the purchase portion of the exchange. |
| US07801728B2 |
Document session replay for multimodal applications
Methods, apparatus, and computer program products are described for document session replay for multimodal applications. including identifying, by a multimodal browser in dependence upon a log produced by a Form Interpretation Algorithm (‘FIA’) during a previous document session with a user, a speech prompt provided by a multimodal application in the previous document session; identifying, by a multimodal browser in replay mode in dependence upon the log, a response to the prompt provided by a user of the multimodal application in the previous document session; retrieving, by the multimodal browser in dependence upon the log, an X+V page of the multimodal application associated with the speech prompt and the response; rendering, by the multimodal browser, the visual elements of the retrieved X+V page; replaying, by the multimodal browser, the speech prompt; and replaying, by a multimodal browser, the response. |
| US07801727B2 |
System and methods for acoustic and language modeling for automatic speech recognition with large vocabularies
A method for generating a language component vocabulary VC for a speech recognition system having a language vocabulary V of a plurality of word forms is disclosed. The method includes: partitioning the language vocabulary V into subsets of word forms based on frequencies of occurrence of the respective word forms; and in at least one of the subsets, splitting word forms having frequencies less than a threshold to thereby generate word form components. Also disclosed is a method for use in speech recognition including: splitting an acoustic vocabulary comprising baseforms into baseform components and storing the baseform components; and, performing sound to spelling mapping on the baseform components so as to generate a baseform components to word parts table for use in subsequent decoding of speech. A method for decoding a speech utterance using language model components and acoustic components, includes the steps of: generating from the utterance a stack of baseform component paths; concatenating baseform components in a path to generate concatenated baseforms, when the concatenated baseform components correspond to a baseform found in an acoustic vocabulary; mapping the concatenated baseforms into words; computing language model (LM) scores associated with the words using a language model, and performing further decoding of the utterance based thereupon. |
| US07801724B2 |
System and method for computerized psychological content analysis of computer and media generated communications to produce communications management support, indications and warnings of dangerous behavior, assessment of media images, and personnel selection support
At least one computer-mediated communication produced by or received by an author is collected and parsed to identify categories of information within it. The categories of information are processed with at least one analysis to quantify at least one type of information in each category. A first output communication is generated regarding the at least one computer-mediated communication, describing the psychological state, attitudes or characteristics of the author of the communication. A second output communication is generated when a difference between the quantification of at least one type of information for at least one category and a reference for the at least one category is detected involving a psychological state, attitude or characteristic of the author to which a responsive action should be taken. The content of the second output communication and the at least one category are programmable to define a psychological state, attitude or characteristic in response to which an action should be taken and the action that is to be taken in response. |
| US07801714B2 |
Flight simulator adapted for a family of aircraft
A flight simulator adapted for a family of aircraft may include a computer having a hardware unit common to the family of aircraft and capable of carrying out a function by implementing a software program that is supported by a nonvolatile memory of a module. The module is electrically and mechanically connected in a removable manner to the hardware unit and has a plurality of independent memories. Each of the memories stores a specific software program for implementing the function related to a given type of aircraft. A controllable component of the module may select, when the module is connected to the hardware unit, one of the memories whose software program is then implemented by the hardware unit. |
| US07801713B1 |
Generating a model using global node optimization
A global node optimization (GNO) technique can generate a model for a planar multiple layer film stack structure, e.g. a binary grating structure. In this technique, after obtaining spectra and target thicknesses from one or more wafers, a continuous film approximation (CFA) and a grating factor (GF) set are identified. A model using the CFA and the GF set is optimized by simultaneously fitting a plurality of the spectra while minimizing error compared to the target thicknesses. After simultaneously fitting all of the spectra, a GNO stack is created. A GNO recipe is then created using the GNO stack. Notably, a tool implementing the GNO technique uses minimal modeling capabilities and computational resources. |
| US07801710B2 |
Simulation controls for model variability and randomness
A tool for simulating an industrial control system is provided. The tool includes a simulation component to emulate one or more simulation models according to a simulated execution environment. A switch component is associated with the simulation component to selectively enable or disable variability in the simulation models. |
| US07801708B2 |
Method and apparatus for the rigid and non-rigid registration of 3D shapes
A method for registering two three-dimensional shapes is disclosed whereby the two shapes are represented as zero level set of signed distance functions and the energy between these two functions is minimized. In a first embodiment, two undetailed ear impression models are rigidly registered with each other. In another embodiment, a detailed ear impression is initially aligned with an undetailed ear impression model and, then, the detailed ear impression model is rigidly registered with the undetailed ear impression model as a function of the signed distance functions. In accordance with another embodiment, an undetailed ear impression model is non-rigidly registered with a template ear impression model as a function of the signed distance functions. |
| US07801707B2 |
Statistical method for analyzing the performance of oilfield equipment
A statistical methodology is disclosed to provide time-to-event estimates for oilfield equipment. A method according to the present invention extracts unbiased information from equipment performance data and considers parameters interactions without recourse to data thinning. The analysis explicitly accounts for items of equipment that are still operational at the time of analysis. A method according to the present invention may also be utilized to apply survival analysis to any oilfield equipment components where time-to-event information has been recorded. The method of the present invention allows comparative reckoning between different components present in the system comprising several or many individual components and allows analysis of these components either individually or simultaneously, i.e., in the presence of other components. |
| US07801705B2 |
Mass on model
In various embodiment of the present invention, a method for determining a mass distribution solution for a mathematical model of a part to be structurally analyzed is provided. The method includes utilizing a finite element modeling (FEM) device to generate a nodal data of a part to be structurally analyzed. The nodal data is exported into a mass distribution solution (MDS) generating device where a three dimensional graphical illustration of the nodal data is rendered on a monitor of the MDS generating device. Mass properties data relating to the part to be analyzed is then imported into the MDS generating device from a weight accounting data source (WAD). The MDS generating device includes a processor that executes a MDS algorithm to thereby generate a MDS for the nodal data based on the imported mass properties data. A three dimensional graphical illustration of the weight distribution across selected nodes of the nodal data in accordance with of the mass distribution solution is rendered on the monitor. The MDS generating device then exports the MDS to the FEM device where structural analysis of the part is performed. |
| US07801702B2 |
Enhanced diagnostic fault detection and isolation
A system and method for enhanced diagnostic fault detection and isolation is provided, wherein COTS/MOTS subsystems of a system under test are evaluated in a hierarchical manner providing improved test coverage and a reduction in ambiguity group size. The enhanced diagnostic fault detection and isolation method may proceed from automatic built-in-test to initiated built-in-test and finally to manual tests. At each stage of the testing, results may be evaluated to determine which, if any, components need replacing. The diagnostic system may report the results of testing in a fault log and/or a look-up table structure. The systems and methods of the present invention are suited to testing systems that incorporate COTS or MOTS subsystem components, and for use with an interactive electronic technical manual (IETM). Further, the diagnostic system is adaptable to a variety of subsystem interface protocols. |
| US07801699B1 |
Regression test modules for detecting and reporting changes in process design kits
A method for detecting and reporting changes in functional features of a simulation model caused by a software revision is disclosed. In one aspect, the method is independent of simulation model architecture. One performs regression testing with a plurality of feature-specific modules. The feature-specific modules are configured to generate a first set of information with the simulation model and compare the first set of information to a second set of corresponding information from the simulation model. In the above-described testing, the first set of information postdates the software revision and the second set of information predates the software revision. |
| US07801697B2 |
Method and device for testing communication circuits
A novel method for testing a communications circuit is disclosed. The method includes the following steps: (a) connecting an internal balanced circuit to a well-balanced resistor network; (b) measuring a first plurality of real and imaginary components of the voltages with the internal balanced circuit connected to the well-balanced resistor network; (c) calculating an error for the internal balanced circuit based on the first plurality of voltages; (d) connecting the internal balanced circuit to the communications circuit; (e) measuring a second plurality of real and imaginary components of the voltages with the internal balanced circuit connected to the communications circuit; and (f) calculating a corrected balance for the communications circuit based on the second plurality of voltages and the error for the internal balanced resistor network. A novel device and software program that incorporates this novel method are also disclosed. |
| US07801693B2 |
Fluid pressure measurement
A method and apparatus for improving accuracy of measurement of fluid pressure at a fluid port, such as at a supply port or control port of a fluid control valve, involves a closed-loop precision pressure measurement method with barometric pressure and temperature compensation. |
| US07801691B2 |
Method for acquisition and processing of an intake pressure signal in an internal combustion engine without an intake manifold
Method of acquisition and processing of an intake pressure signal in an internal combustion engine without an intake manifold; the internal combustion engine having at least one cylinder that receives fresh air through an intake duct, which is controlled by a butterfly valve and is provided with a pressure sensor connected to an electronic control unit. The acquisition and processing method provides for the following steps: measuring, via the pressure sensor, the instantaneous induction pressure at a plurality of different crank angles distributed over an engine cycle; storing, during each engine cycle, the instantaneous induction pressures in a fast acquisition buffer of the electronic control unit; and determining, at the end of each engine cycle, the mean induction pressure in the engine cycle by calculating a mean of the instantaneous induction pressures previously stored in the fast acquisition buffer of the electronic control unit. |
| US07801684B2 |
Methods, systems, and computer program products for producing theoretical mass spectral fragmentation patterns of chemical structures
Methods, systems, and computer program products for generating theoretical mass spectral fragmentation patterns of a chemical structure is provided. The method includes obtaining a description of a chemical structure and generating, from the description, a list of chemical structure information. A binary tree data structure is used to organize the list of chemical structure information. The binary tree data structure may be fragmented by determining, based on a set of predetermined rules, a fragmentation point between two nodes in the binary tree data structure thereby dividing the binary tree data structure into a fragment and a complement. The molecular formula and molecular weight of each fragment is determined. The binary tree data structure is traversed and appropriate fragmentation rules are applied to produce a plurality of theoretical molecular fragments. |
| US07801679B2 |
Vehicular display system and method
A vehicular display system includes an in-vehicle navigation device and a vehicular meter device. The in-vehicle navigation device includes a display, a navigation data producing device for producing first data that is to be displayed on the display, and a transmitting device for transmitting intermediate data to the vehicular meter device. The vehicular meter device includes a receiving device for receiving the intermediate data from the in-vehicle navigation device and a navigation data display area for displaying second data. A display size changing device for changing the first data into the second data is included in at least one of the in-vehicle navigation device and the vehicular meter device. A display size of the first data is different from the display size of the second data. |
| US07801678B2 |
Route searching arrangements (e.g., method, process) in navigation system
In a navigation system mounted on a moving object, when the current position exists on a road with time-based regulation on map data, route search is retried ignoring the time-based regulation. It is further possible to conduct the route search ignoring only the time-based regulation on the road where the current position is located. |
| US07801677B2 |
Navigation control system
A real-time path-directed controller for navigating an object along a desired path is disclosed. The controller comprises: a position sensor which contributes to the production of a conditioned object position signal to a controller summer; a heading conditioning module which contributes to the production of a conditioned heading signal to the controller summer; a control apparatus sensor which contributes to the production of a conditioned control apparatus signal to the controller summer; and a control apparatus null position conditioning module which contributes to the production of a conditioned null position signal to the controller summer. The controller summer sums the signals to produce a controller summer signal to a controller summer conditioning module so as to produce a control apparatus control signal to a control apparatus controller so as to direct the control apparatus and thereby direct the object by feedback control along the desired path. |
| US07801676B2 |
Method and apparatus for displaying a map
A navigation apparatus for displaying a map that includes building symbols representing buildings. The navigation apparatus includes a map-drawing unit that draws the map of an area from map data on shapes and positions of the building symbols at a selected map scale and a displaying unit that displays the drawn map. In the navigation apparatus in a nighttime-map displaying mode, the map-drawing unit draws the entirety of each building symbol in a bright color to generate the map when the map scale exceeds a predetermined threshold and draws part of the building symbol in a bright color to generate the map when the map scale does not exceed the predetermined threshold. |
| US07801675B2 |
System and method of identifying portions of roads
A system and method splices into, or replaces routes identified based on road geometry with routes taken by the same user or other users to create alternate routes that may be selected by a user to display, for example, on a map or for which driving directions can be displayed. Communication of routes traveled by different devices may be received from a server or from another device. A naming convention for road segments and ordered paths of road segments is described. |
| US07801674B2 |
Terminal device, server, system and program for retrieving landmark name
With a registration function, a terminal device sends shooting-location information and a landmark name to a server. The shooting-location information is obtained from an image file, and the landmark name is inputted by a user. The server registers the received location information and the received landmark name in a database so as to relate them. With a retrieval function, the terminal device sends the shooting-location information to the server. On the basis of the received location information, the server retrieves one or more corresponding landmark names along a high-accuracy retrieval program. The retrieved landmark name is sent to the terminal device. |
| US07801673B2 |
Motorcycle navigation device
A navigation device for a motorcycle operable in a comfortable position during driving by solving a problem that it is hard to operate the navigation device during driving and easily mounted on a vehicle by solving the problem that it is hard to mount the navigation device on the vehicle. The navigation device includes a navigation display section for displaying navigation information such as a destination and the current vehicle position, a control unit for controlling the navigation display section, and an operating section for performing an input operation to the control unit. The operating section is separated from the navigation display section and the operating section is disposed on the side of a vehicle body. |
| US07801672B2 |
After-stop fuel pressure control device of direct injection engine
A pressure reducing valve is provided for reducing fuel pressure in a high-pressure fuel system, which supplies high-pressure fuel from a high-pressure pump to an injector, after an engine stops. An ECU detects or estimates an engine stop position when the engine stops and sets after-stop target fuel pressure in accordance with the detected or estimated engine stop position. The ECU controls a valve opening action of the pressure reducing valve to reduce the fuel pressure in the high-pressure fuel system to the after-stop target fuel pressure after the engine stops. In the control, the ECU sets the after-stop target fuel pressure to be lower as a piston position of a cylinder in a compression stroke at the engine stop position is closer to a top dead center. |
| US07801665B2 |
Controlling cylinder mixture and turbocharger operation
A method for controlling differences in exhaust gas residual amount for a two cylinder bank engine having at least one turbocharger is presented. In one example, the description includes a method for adjusting valve timing to reduce cylinder exhaust gas residual variation. |
| US07801664B2 |
Cylinder charge temperature control for an internal combustion engine
A method of operating an engine is provided. The engine includes at least one cylinder communicating with an intake manifold via an intake manifold valve and an exhaust manifold via an exhaust manifold valve, the cylinder including a piston arranged within the cylinder, wherein the piston is coupled to a crankshaft of the engine. The method comprises discontinuing combustion in the cylinder during a plurality of cycles of the engine; during the plurality of cycles, operating the exhaust manifold valve and the intake manifold valve to provide a net flow of gases from the exhaust manifold to the intake manifold via the cylinder and adjusting a torque signature provided to the crankshaft during each cycle by the piston responsive to an operating condition. |
| US07801661B2 |
Power boost system and method
A power boost system and method. An illustrative embodiment of the power boost system includes an operator interface having a system activation button; a vehicle system controller connected to the operator interface; and at least one of an engine system controller, a battery system controller and an accessory system controller connected to the vehicle system controller. |
| US07801660B2 |
Methods and systems for estimating compressor fouling impact to combined cycle power plants
A system and method for estimating the impact of compressor fouling in a combined cycle power block. The current performance of the combined cycle power block is determined and normalized to one or more reference conditions. A baseline performance of a gas turbine of the combined cycle power block is also determined. A predicted performance of the combined cycle power block is then determined by substituting the baseline performance of the gas turbine for the current performance of the gas turbine. A recoverable impact to the combined cycle power block due to compressor fouling is then determined by subtracting the normalized current performance from the predicted performance and a recoverable impact to the fuel consumption of the combined cycle power block is determined from the recoverable impact. |
| US07801659B2 |
Method and apparatus for lane recognition for a vehicle
A method and an apparatus for lane recognition for a vehicle that is equipped with an adaptive distance and speed control system are provided, the adaptive distance and speed controller having conveyed to it, using an object detection system, the relative speed of detected objects, a variable for determining the lateral offset of the detected objects with respect to the longitudinal vehicle axis, and the speed of the host vehicle. From the relative speed of the objects and the host-vehicle speed, a determination is made as to whether an object is oncoming, stationary, or moving in the same direction as the host vehicle. In combination with the calculated lateral offset of the detected object with respect to the longitudinal vehicle axis, the number of lanes present and the lane currently being traveled in by the host vehicle are determined. |
| US07801653B2 |
System and method for boosting torque output of a drive train
A method and system for boosting a torque output of a drive train comprises a torque sensor for detecting an engine torque of an engine having a baseline torque versus engine speed curve. A data processor determines if the detected engine torque is within a first torque range, if the detected engine torque is within the first range, the electric motor is activated to rotate substantially synchronously with a corresponding engine speed associated with the detected engine torque in accordance with a supplemental torque versus engine speed curve. The supplemental torque versus engine speed curve intercepts the baseline torque versus engine speed curve at a first lower speed point and a first higher speed point. |
| US07801651B2 |
Method for planning the journey of a submarine
A method and system for planning the journey of a submarine are provided using at least one electrical drive with a battery for energy supply and a charging device for the battery. For a selected future point in time, the remaining available energy reserve of the battery is predicted on the basis of the travel duration up to this point in time, of at least of one consumption profile selected for the travel duration, and of the type and duration of the charging cycles of the battery being effected up to this point in time. |
| US07801649B2 |
Predicted path selection system and method for hazard coding in selectively constrained aircraft control systems
A surveillance system detects potential hazards and alerts the pilot to them. The alerts can be modified to indicate proximity to the predicted path of the aircraft. An autopilot receives instructions from a flight management system (FMS) regarding a planned path and is subject to constraints preempting the planned path. The surveillance system selects which of the planned and a constrained path will be followed for alerting and hazard coding purposes. Means are disclosed to determine when the constrained path will be followed by comparing the current position of an aircraft, the planned path, and the constraint data. Current positions exceeding the tolerance cause the surveillance system to select the planned path as the future path to be followed. If initiation of a constraint has been detected and the current position is within the tolerance, the surveillance system selects the constrained path as the future path. |
| US07801643B2 |
Legged mobile robot and control program for the robot
A legged mobile robot and a control program for the robot cancel a spin force, which is generated by motions of a lower body (242), a leg (2) or the like, by a twisting motion of an upper body (241) relative to the lower body (242) and a swinging motion of an arm (80). |
| US07801639B2 |
Method and apparatus for operating controlled machines
In a method for operating controlled machines, a motion of at least one movable machine element of the machine is controlled using a motion profile specific to that motion, and this motion profile of the motion of the machine element is subdivided into a plurality of profile segments. Each of the profile segments is assigned at least one motion condition which influences this profile segment, and each motion condition includes at least one tripping event and at least one action event associated with this tripping event and tripped by the tripping event, and the action event influences the applicable profile segment. |
| US07801638B2 |
Systems and methods of identifying and manipulating objects
Systems and methods of identifying and manipulating objects are disclosed. One system disclosed comprises a light source adapted to emit a collimated light beam onto a contoured surface, a sensor adapted to view a profile of the contoured surface illuminated by the collimated light beam, a processor in communication with the sensor, and a controller in communication with the processor. The controller may be adapted to generate a signal based on an attribute of a predefined profile. |
| US07801633B2 |
Scheduling method and program for a substrate treating apparatus
A scheduling method for a substrate treating apparatus having a plurality of treating units for treating substrates, wherein, based on a procedure including a plurality of treating steps, a controller determines an order of treating a plurality of lots successively in the treating units. The method includes a step of preparing a plurality of schedules through execution of a basic allocating method, based on a systematic chart representing combinations of the treating steps for the respective lots, for allocating a first treating step of one of the lots, and thereafter, while following the systematic chart from the treating step, for searching and allocating as a next treating step a treating step selected from among succeeding treating steps in the lots, whose preceding treating step has an earliest expected completion time of all preceding treating steps; and a first allocating method for allocating treating steps based on the basic allocating method, and when a waiting time occurring with one of the treating steps exceeds an allowed time for enabling a standby at one of the treating units, for avoiding allocation of the one of the treating steps and restarting a search at one branching point before a branching point upstream of the one of said treating steps. The method further includes a step of selecting one schedule having been completed within a specified time, from the plurality of schedules prepared. |
| US07801628B2 |
Industrial operator interfaces interacting with higher-level business workflow
Systems and methods are provided that enable high-level and abstract business engines to affect and influence plant-floor or industrial operations via dynamic and flexible operator interfaces. In a similar manner, actions directed from the operator interfaces can be communicated to higher level decision components of an enterprise to facilitate automated control and dynamics of the enterprise. In one aspect, an industrial automation system is provided. The system includes one or more controllers to process transaction events in an industrial automation environment. One or more operator interface components are provided that automatically adapt interface control functionality based on the transaction events. |
| US07801624B1 |
Reduced perforation distal tip for an implantable cardiac electrotherapy lead
An implantable cardiac electrotherapy lead is disclosed herein. In one embodiment, the lead includes a tubular body having a distal end with a first soft resilient member. The member extends or is extendable from the distal end radially outward relative to a longitudinal axis of the tubular body. |
| US07801620B2 |
RF telemetry link quality assessment system and method
A system and method for assessing link quality for radio frequency (RF) transmissions between a programmer and an implantable medical device (IMD) is provided. An embodiment of the method includes measuring a plurality of available wireless communication channel potentially used to communicate between an implantable medical device (IMD) and a programmer to determine signal and noise levels for the channels. The method also includes storing the signal and noise levels. The method further includes processing the stored levels to determine the interference potential on the channels adjacent to the available channels. In this embodiment, the method also includes selecting a preferred communication channel based on a function of noise level for a target center channel and interference potential for corresponding adjacent channels to the target channel. Other aspects and embodiments are provided herein. |
| US07801619B2 |
Tree-based electrical stimulator programming for pain therapy
The disclosure describes an implantable stimulation system that guides programming with a therapeutic tree. All possible stimulation parameters are arranged on the therapeutic tree, with each level of the therapeutic tree containing a different stimulation parameter type. Each level includes nodes that are connected to nodes of adjacent levels. A program path is created by moving through nodes of lower levels. The stimulation parameter types are arranged so that coarse adjustments occur at higher levels of the tree and fine adjustments occur at lower levels of the tree. The nodes of the program path define the stimulation parameters of the delivered stimulation therapy. The user may provide information such as efficacy input and/or medication dosage information to the system for identifying the most efficacious program path in treating pain of the patient. Additionally or alternatively, efficacy feedback may be received from physiological parameter sensors. |
| US07801618B2 |
Auto adjusting system for brain tissue stimulator
An implantable neurostimulator for treating disorders such as epilepsy, pain, movement disorders and depression includes a detection subsystem capable of detecting a physiological condition and a therapy subsystem capable of providing a course of therapy in response to the condition. The therapy subsystem includes an auto-adjust module for automatically adjusting one or more parameters of the therapy so that the therapy subsystem can provide an adjusted parameter to the patient and solicit the patient's feedback concerning the adjustment without requiring the presence of, or immediate involvement with, a clinician or physician. The patient feedback can be analyzed by computer, clinician or a combination of both to determine an optimal range of parameters for subsequent courses of therapy. In this manner, information useful in tuning the neurostimulator therapy parameters to optimize them for individual patient can be acquired automatically outside of the traditional clinical setting, saving time and minimizing patient fatigue that otherwise would be experience in marathon, in-clinic tuning sessions. The auto-adjust module also can be configured to prompt the patient to provide feedback even when parameters are not being adjusted, so as to acquire information for a baseline or about any placebo effect when the patient is otherwise expecting changes to the therapy to be made. |
| US07801614B2 |
Stimulus regimens for cardiovascular reflex control
Baroreflex activation is achieved by providing suitable control signals to a baroreflex activation device. A method comprises establishing a therapy interval (possibly on the order of minutes to hours, or possibly of indefinite duration), within the therapy interval, establishing a plurality of dose intervals, and generating an electrical output signal. The electrical output signal has a time dependence such that the average electrical power applied to the baroreflex activation device differs between first and second portions of at least some dose intervals. Another method comprises establishing a series of therapy interval portions, during at least some therapy intervals, establishing a plurality of burst intervals (perhaps having durations commensurate with an interval between heartbeats), and generating an electrical output signal. The electrical output signal has a time dependence such that the average electrical power applied to the baroreflex activation device differs between first and second portions of the therapy intervals and also differs between first and second portions of at least some burst intervals. |
| US07801611B2 |
System and method for providing communications between a physically secure programmer and an external device using a cellular network
A system and method for providing communications between a physically secure programmer and an external device using a cellular network is described. A set of uniquely identifying credentials is securely maintained on a programmer configured to interface with an implantable medical device. A transient connection is automatically established between the programmer and a security server over a cellular network. The credentials are registered with the security server and an operational status is assigned to the programmer following examination of the credentials against a security roster maintained on the security server. The operational status of the programmer is confirmed and a data exchange session is conducted over the cellular network between the programmer and at least one external system subsequent to the confirmation. |
| US07801603B2 |
Method and apparatus for optimizing vagal nerve stimulation using laryngeal activity
A neural stimulation system delivers neural stimulation to the vagus nerve and senses a signal indicative of laryngeal activity resulting from the neural stimulation. The signal indicative of laryngeal activity is used, for example, to guide electrode placement, determine stimulation threshold, detect lead/electrode problems, detect neural injury, and monitor healing processing following the electrode placement inside the body of a patient. |
| US07801601B2 |
Controlling neuromodulation using stimulus modalities
A method, apparatus, and system for affecting neuromodulation based upon an evoking signal applied to a patient's body. An internal and/or external evoking and/or therapeutic signal is applied to a first target portion of a patient's body. Data relating to a physiological response resulting from the internal and/or external evoking and/or therapeutic signal is received. A neurotransmission characteristic of the patient's body is determined based upon the data relating to the physiological response. At least one parameter defining an electrical therapeutic signal provided by an implantable medical device is controlled based upon the determined neurotransmission characteristic to treat a disorder. |
| US07801600B1 |
Controlling charge flow in the electrical stimulation of tissue
Systems of techniques for controlling charge flow during the electrical stimulation of tissue. In one aspect, a method includes receiving a charge setting describing an amount of charge that is to flow during a stimulation pulse that electrically stimulates a tissue, and generating and delivering the stimulation pulse in a manner such that an amount of charge delivered to the tissue during the stimulation pulse accords with the charge setting. |
| US07801599B2 |
Transdermal electrotransport delivery device including an antimicrobial compatible reservoir composition
A transdermal electrotransport drug delivery device having an anode, a cathode and a source of electrical power electrically connected to the anode and the cathode. At least one of the anode and the cathode includes an electrode and a reservoir comprised of a housing composed of a polymeric material and an aqueous medium in contact with the housing. The aqueous medium includes (i) a drug or an electrolyte salt or a mixture thereof, (ii) propylene glycol, and (iii) an antimicrobial agent in an amount sufficient to inhibit microbial growth in the aqueous medium. The propylene glycol prevents the antimicrobial agent from being adsorbed by other materials used in the construction of the delivery device. A process for preparing a transdermal electrotransport drug delivery device is also provided. |
| US07801593B2 |
System, software, and method for detection of sleep-disordered breathing using an electrocardiogram
A system to form and store an electrocardiogram (ECG) signal derived from a cardiac electrical signal that includes an apparatus having a pair of the electrodes to connect to a patient to detect the cardiac electrical signal. A signal sampler samples the cardiac electrical signal to form the ECG signal. A data storage device stores the ECG signal. A computer communicates with the data storage device to retrieve the ECG signal for analysis by software stored in the memory of the computer. The software analyzes a morphology of the amplitude of a plurality of R-wave peaks contained within the ECG signal and/or analyzes a morphology of the area of a plurality of QRS complex pulses contained within the ECG signal. |
| US07801592B2 |
Heart rate variability as predictor of postoperative nausea and vomiting
The invention relates to methods and systems to predict postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). |
| US07801588B2 |
X-ray diagnostic imaging system and X-ray diagnostic imaging method
An X-ray diagnostic imaging method, comprises the steps of radiographing the predetermined area so that an image data of a first contrast image is acquired when a timing of an acquired start of the first contrast image comes, after an injection of the contrast medium into the affected part, and radiographing the predetermined area so that image data of a second contrast image is acquired when a timing of an acquired start of the second contrast image comes, after the image data of the first contrast image is acquired. |
| US07801587B2 |
Method and system for creating three-dimensional images using tomosynthetic computed tomography
A system for constructing image slices through a selected object, the system comprising an identifiable fiducial reference in a fixed position relative to the selected object, wherein the fiducial reference comprises at least two identifiable reference markers. A source of radiation is provided for irradiating the selected object and the fiducial reference to form a projected image of the selected object and the fiducial reference which is recorded by a recording medium. |
| US07801583B2 |
Extravasation detector
Ultrasound Doppler probe 2 is placed above the vein downstream of the infusion site. Processor 4 converts the output from the probe 2 into a form that may be displayed as an image on display unit 5. It also determines whether the velocity corresponds to a flow of contrast medium along the vein. If the cannula 13 is properly sited and the contrast medium flows as desired along the vein, this will lead to an increased flow velocity in the vein. This is detected by ultrasound probe 2 and, as described above, the processor unit 4 will therefore determine that no extravasation has occurred. However, where extravasation of contrast medium occurs this results in a low or zero velocity output from the probe 2 from which the processor unit 4 determines that extravasation has occurred. It therefore immediately sends a “stop” signal to pump controller 11 which stops pump 10. |
| US07801581B2 |
Optical spectroscopy pathlength measurement system
A physiological monitor utilizes rotation measurements to estimate mean photon pathlengths through tissue. These pathlength estimates, along with corresponding optical spectroscopy measurements allow the noninvasive monitoring of blood constituent concentrations. The technique is particularly applicable to noninvasive blood glucose measurements. The physiological monitor has a polarized light source for illuminating tissue and a magnetic field generator which creates a magnetic field within the tissue during illumination. The magnetic field imparts a rotation in the plane of polarization of the incident light beam as it propagates through the tissue and emerges as a transmitted light beam. A polarimeter is used to measure the rotation of the transmitted light. A signal processor then computes an estimate of the mean pathlength from the polarimeter output. The polarized light source has a multiple wavelength optical emitter and, in conjunction with the polarimeter detector, also functions as a spectrometer. The signal processor combines spectroscopic measurements at various wavelengths with corresponding mean pathlength estimates to compute blood constituent concentrations. |
| US07801577B2 |
Battery cover grounding device for portable terminal
A battery cover grounding device for a portable terminal including a metallic battery cover is provided. The grounding device includes a grounding member installed on the terminal to be connected to a grounding surface of the terminal and to be in contact with the battery cover. The grounding member has a cover protrusion formed on the battery cover and a grounding protrusion attached to the terminal to contact the cover protrusion. In this manner, the metallic battery cover is connected to the grounding surface of the terminal to minimize the possibility of current leakage, to improve the stability of the operation of the terminal, and to minimize potential malfunctions of the terminal due to static electricity. |
| US07801576B2 |
Wireless communications devices with self-cleaning displays
Radiotelephones, having self-cleaning display screens are provided. A radiotelephone includes a first housing portion having a display screen located thereon. A second housing portion is movably connected to the first housing portion, and the first and second housing portions are movable relative to one another between a closed position and an open position. An elongated cleaning member is movably secured to the first housing portion, and is configured to wipe the display screen in response to movement of the first and second housing portions between the open and closed positions. |
| US07801570B2 |
Directional speaker for portable electronic device
A directional speaker for an electronic device having audio output capabilities is disclosed. The directional speaker can thus be used with the electronic device to direct audio output in a directionally constrained manner. As a result, a certain degree of privacy with respect to the audio output is achieved for the user of the electronic device, yet the user need not wear a headset or ear phone, or have to hold a speaker against one's ear. The directional speaker can be integral with the electronic device. Alternatively, the directional speaker can be an attachment (or peripheral) to the electronic device. |
| US07801566B2 |
Mobile information terminal having operation keys and a display on opposite sides
A mobile information terminal has a front surface on which a display surface of a display device is arranged and a rear surface on which a plurality of operation keys are arranged. The mobile information terminal further has a half-depressing sensor for detecting that each of the operation keys is half-depressed and/or a touch sensor for detecting that each of the operation keys is touched. A control section executes a processing operation to cause the display device to display an image showing the arrangement of said operation keys and to change an icon which corresponds to a key of operation keys when a control section determines, according to an input signal from the half-depressing sensor or the touch sensor, that the finger of the operator is placed on this key of operation keys. |
| US07801565B2 |
Method and apparatus for synchronizing a smart antenna apparatus with a base station transceiver
A method of synchronizing a smart antenna apparatus with a base station transceiver includes receiving at the smart antenna apparatus control signals being communicated from a base station transceiver to one or more mobile stations via an antenna unit. The control signals are operable to be used to synchronize the mobile stations with the base station transceiver The method further includes executing one or more algorithms using the control signals received by the smart antenna apparatus as input to synchronize the smart antenna apparatus with the base station transceiver. |
| US07801564B2 |
Smart antenna communication system for signal calibration
A calibration apparatus and method for controlling the phase and amplitude of a signal in a smart antenna multicarrier communication system are provided. A calibration signal is allocated to remaining carriers after allocating carriers to a data signal, prior to transmission. Thus, the efficiency of frequency resources for data transmission is increased. |
| US07801562B2 |
System and method of wireless device activity messaging
A method and system of reachability indication between a wireless device and at least one push server, the method comprising the steps of: sending device status information from the wireless device to the at least one push server; and receiving the status information at the at least one push server; wherein the at least one push server is enabled to selectively start and stop serving the wireless device on the basis of the status information. The method further comprises sending status information to a packet data serving node that stores a list of push servers associated with a wireless device, and having the packet data serving node forward the status information to the push server. The system and method further includes selectively starting and stopping the serving of the wireless device by the push server during a voice call. |
| US07801561B2 |
Methods of configuring a generic bluetooth controller of a flash drive to be compatible with multiple bluetooth peripheral devices
A portable flash memory drive includes a Bluetooth controller with only a subset of the layers of a Bluetooth stack necessary for operation. This enables usage of a generic Bluetooth controller in the flash drive. Specific configuration for profiles and other aspects of Bluetooth communication are handled by upper layers of the Bluetooth stack that are stored in the flash memory of the drive and thereafter loaded into a host computer. The configuration and make up of the Bluetooth stack can therefore be easily updated and changed when desired. |
| US07801546B2 |
Distributing configuration parameters in a high density network
A set of new information elements are defined that are to be used between an access point and a client that allow an access point to advertise its capabilities, configuration, and/or parameters allowing the client to tune to the parameters prior to, during, or after associating with the access point. If the access point adjusts these parameters, the changes are advertised in subsequent beacons and response frames and the client responsive to receiving a beacon or response frame with changed parameters will change its parameters accordingly. If the station changes its operating parameters it will send a message to the access point informing the access point of the changes. |
| US07801545B2 |
Power control method of discontinuous transmission
According to the proposed method, the frequency of power control commands transmitted on a power control channel is changed according to the traffic. When the traffic becomes slower in at least one direction due to a DTX state, a slower transfer rate, asymmetric data transfer or for any other reason, the frequency of power control commands is lowered. Both the base station and the personal station may lower the frequency of the commands which they send. An alternative to changing the frequency of power control commands is to change the energy of power control bits. The duration of power control bits must hereby be extended, if a standard bit error ration is desired. If the system is frequency-divided and/or time-divided and uses frequency control command of several bits, the length of the command word may be shortened in addition to or as an alternative to the change in frequency. The power control algorithm may be changed several times during a traffic connection. |
| US07801543B2 |
Dynamic vocoder assignment in a communication system
An apparatus and method for dynamic vocoder assignment in a communication system that supports multiple vocoders includes a first step (30) of detecting changing a call environment in a group call. A next step (32) includes dynamically determining a list of vocoders in order of system preference in response to the change in call environment. A next step (34) includes communicating the ordered list of vocoders in an existing floor control message to the participants in the call. A next step (36) includes selecting, by at least the current transmitting participant, the first vocoder that it supports from the list of preferred vocoders, for use in that participant's next transmission in the group session. |
| US07801540B2 |
Architecture for delivering data to mobile telematics units
An improved mobile connectivity system and method allow for data transfers, such as related to service delivery, to and from mobile wireless units in an economical and secure manner. The system utilizes existing IP connectivity when available and otherwise determines an appropriate data exchange mechanism based on the length and security requirements of the intended exchange. Data exchange mechanisms include SMS, IP and other suitable protocols, and wireless carriers include cellular and non-cellular wireless carriers. In an example, each subscriber unit periodically, or when triggered, sends its location to a call center to allow the delivery of location-based services. |
| US07801530B2 |
Caching content at a cell site
Caching content includes receiving at a cell site a content request for content. The cell site is associated with a cell, and the content request is received from a mobile node present in the cell. The content is retrieved in response to the content request. The content is cached at the cell site and sent to the mobile node. One or more recipient cell sites are identified. The content is distributed to the one or more recipient cell sites while the mobile node is present in the cell. |
| US07801529B2 |
Method and apparatus for providing seamless call handoff between networks that use dissimilar transmission methods
Call handoff from an 802.1x network to a cellular network, and vice versa. A wireless device that has both cellular and 802.1x capability detects the strength of a cellular signal and of an 802.1x signal. If a call is taking place over the 802.1x network and the strength of the 802.1x signal drops below a particular level and the strength of the cellular signal is above a certain level, the call is handed off from the 802.1x network to the cellular network. If a call is taking place over the cellular network and the cellular signal strength drops below a certain level while the 802.1x signal strength is above a certain level, the call is handed off from the cellular network to the 802.1x network. In addition, the user of the wireless device can manually initiate the handoff by actuating a handoff selector of the wireless device. |
| US07801527B2 |
Cell update process with reconfiguration status
If there is a radio link failure condition (330) between a user equipment (380) and a network (390) during or after a reconfiguration process, a cell update process with reconfiguration status indicates whether a user equipment reconfiguration is complete. If the network (390) receives an indication that the user equipment reconfiguration is complete, either through a stand-alone reconfiguration complete message (320) or a status indicator of a cell update message (350) from the user equipment (380), the network (390) proceeds in accordance with the current configuration. |
| US07801525B2 |
Network support for paging channel and access channel optimization
A method for conserving paging and access channel bandwidth is provided in a wireless network (A) that includes: a plurality of cells (32) served by a mobile switching center (20); a paging channel for paging a mobile station (MS) (40) located within the cells (32); and, an access channel by which the MS (40) registers with the network (A). The method includes: defining a first set of location areas (LAs) including a plurality of paging LAs (50), each paging LA (50) including a plurality of cells (32); and, defining a second set of LAs including a plurality of registration LAs (60), each registration LA (60) including a plurality of paging LAs (50). As the MS travels, it registers with the network when entering one registration LA (60) from another, but it does not register when entering one paging LA (50) from another within the same registration LA (60). |
| US07801524B2 |
Communication apparatus and signaling system thereof
The invention provides a communication apparatus which includes a look-up table, a receiving/transmitting module, and a processing module. The processing module is electrically connected to the look-up table and the receiving/transmitting module respectively. The look-up table stores a plurality of controlling messages and first phone numbers. Each controlling message corresponds to one of the first phone numbers. The receiving/transmitting module receives an incoming call including a second phone number. The processing module determines if the second phone number matches one of the first phone numbers, and if yes, the processing module generates information on the basis of the controlling message corresponding to the matched first phone number, and according to the second phone number, transmits the information through the receiving/transmitting module. |
| US07801523B1 |
System, method, and computer program product for charging a roaming network for a chargeable event
A system, method, and computer program product are provided for charging a roaming network. In use, a home network identifies a chargeable event that is attributable to a roaming network. To this end, the roaming network may be charged for the chargeable event. |
| US07801512B1 |
Traffic speed enforcement based on wireless phone network
The present invention includes systems and methods for detecting a speed limit violation based on the movement of a cell phone in a moving vehicle. The system and method determine whether a speeding violation has occurred based periodic cell phone location data, the time between a cell phone's presence at one location and the next, and the speed limit of the section of a section of road that the cell phone could be located on. Embodiments of systems and methods of the invention detect whether a moving vehicle may be part of a public transit system, in which case the corresponding cell phones are removed from consideration. The system and method also include generating a speeding ticket for a car determined to have violated a corresponding speed limit, keeping a record of a speeding violation, and sending a request to settle the ticket if it is not paid on time. Also included in the invention are embodiments of systems and methods that detect whether a cell phone moving in a car is in engaged in a call, and if so, generating a ticket for a driving-while-talking violation. |
| US07801511B2 |
Media player capable of backing up data from a mobile phone and preventing other people from accessing the backed upped data
A media player is provided. The media player is not only capable of automatically backing up information from a mobile phone and deleting predetermined backupped information from the mobile phone, but is also capable of preventing others accessing the backupped information. The media player includes a memory, a communication unit, a signal processing module, and a user identification module. The memory stores a contact list and short messages. The communication unit is configured for communicating with a paired communication unit of a mobile phone. The signal processing module is configured for processing signals generated from the paired communication unit. The user identification module is configured for granting or denying access to the contact list and the short messages stored in the memory, depending on whether an inputted password matches a predetermined password or not. |
| US07801506B2 |
System for asset tracking
An asset tracking system includes a tracking device for mounting on an asset. The tracking device has a GPS receiving device for receiving GPS signals from GPS satellite transmitters. A tracking device communication device and a microcontroller are connected with both the GPS receiving device and the tracking device communication device for controlling the tracking device. Further, a tracking device management system is provided comprising a tracking system server, a management system communication device and a management system communication interface for interfacing with the management system communication device and the tracking system server. A tracking device communication link between the tracking device communication device and the management system communication device enables the tracking device management system to communicate with the tracking device. A customer communication link between a customer and the management system communication interface enables the customer to communicate with the tracking device management system. |
| US07801505B2 |
Multipulse/multitone mixing receiver
An apparatus adapted for measuring the properties of periodic signals and a method for making such measurements is disclosed. The apparatus includes a LO signal generator, a mixer, a low pass filter and an output device. The LO signal generator generates an LO signal comprising a fundamental frequency ωLO and one or more higher harmonics with arbitrary amplitudes and phases. The mixer receives a periodic input signal having harmonics including a highest harmonic of interest, N, and a fundamental frequency, ωin. The mixer outputs an IF signal that is filtered. The filtered IF signal includes a frequency-compressed signal having M harmonics including a fundamental characterized by a frequency ωc<ωin. Each of the harmonics in the frequency-compressed signal corresponds to one of the harmonics in the input signal and has an amplitude related to the amplitude of the corresponding harmonic in the input signal. |
| US07801502B2 |
Method for implementing continuous radio frequency (RF) alignment in advanced electronic warfare (EW) signal stimulation systems
A method of providing an integrated approach to automated system alignment is set forth, which may include in an exemplary embodiment: providing amplifier compression alignment, (which may include characterizing and/or compensating for a parasitic effect); providing continuous internal alignment of phase and amplitude of a synthetic stimulus instrument (SSI) output signal; providing external measurement port alignment; and providing transfer alignment of internal measurement paths. According to another exemplary embodiment, a receiver apparatus may include: a dual-channel coherent measurement receiver which may include at least one internal channel operative to measure time-division-multiplexed (TDM) feedback signals from each signal source of a synthetic stimulus instrument (SSI); and at least one external channel operative to make direct measurement at an external alignment port output. |
| US07801494B2 |
Method for PoC server to handle PoC caller preferences
A Push-to-X over Cellular (PoC) server (351) receives a server registration message (301) for a first called device from a second server. The PoC server (351) receives a PoC invitation message (310) with PoC preferences and a message (313) from an originating device (311). The PoC preferences determine what device to call first (e.g., a mobile device 315, 317) and how many hops the call can be forwarded (e.g., to a voicemail server) if the first-attempted device is not available, before discontinuing the connection. If a trigger, such as time elapsed, occurs for the first-attempted device (350) and the PoC preferences permit, the PoC server (351) sends an invitation message (360) to the second server (391). If the second server (391) is a recording server, the invitation message (360) includes a message (363) from the originating device that is compatible with the capabilities of the recording server (391). |
| US07801486B2 |
Communication system comprising master and slave handheld apparatuses
The invention relates to a communication system comprising:—a master handheld apparatus (100) comprising a first near field communication device a first wireless communication device, a current session being held by the master handheld apparatus (100), a slave handheld apparatus (130) comprising a second near field communication device and a second wireless communication device, the first and second near field communication devices being adapted to exchange identification information when they are held next to each other so as to initiate a communication link (140) between the first and second wireless communication devices, the first and second wireless communication devices then enabling the slave handheld apparatus (130) to join the current session through the communication link (140). |
| US07801485B2 |
Communication device, and method and computer program for information processing thereof
A communication device relates a plurality of identification information to specifying information included in the identification information and manages them, and thereby enhances easiness of identifying and specifying of a device of the other party and usability of a connection with the device of the other party. The communication device has an identification information reception part (a radio transmission/reception part, a baseband part and a control part), a storage part (a data base part) and an information processing part (a control part). The identification information reception part receives the pieces of identification information concerning the device of the other party to be connected, and in the storage part the pieces of identification information which are received are stored. The information processing part stores the pieces of identification information, which are received, in the storage part, and retrieves the identification information from the storage part by receiving input of the specifying information out of the pieces of identification information, and relates a result of that retrieval to the specifying information and outputs them, or makes that output possible. By this, it is possible to use the pieces of identification information related to the specifying information for specifying of the device of the other party and connection with it. |
| US07801484B2 |
Wireless communications module
An electronic system having a wireless peripheral module and a wireless network transceiver may include an interface that includes one or more co-existence signal lines that may allow coordination of wireless transmission between the wireless peripheral module and the wireless network transceiver. |
| US07801483B2 |
Receiver, transceiver, and electric field communication system
A transmitter (2) modulates information to be transmitted with an alternating-current signal having a predetermined frequency and includes a variable reactance section (16) which produces resonance with a stray capacitance (18) between a circuit ground (17) in the transmitter (2) and an earth ground (20) which strays from the earth ground (20) and a stray capacitance (19) between the human body (3) and the earth ground (20). A receiver (1) that receives the induced electric field from the transmitter (2) includes an electrode (12) that transmits/receives the electric field to/from the human body (3); a detection signal source (10) that applies a detection signal to the electrode (12); and a detecting section (9) which detects the detection signal, and further detects, based on an amplitude of the detection signal, a resonant state of the variable reactance section (16) in the transmitter (2) held by the human body (3) close to the electrode (12), the stray capacitance (19) between the human body (3) and the earth ground (20), and the stray capacitance (18) between the ground (17) of the transmitter (2) and the earth ground (20), and outputs a signal when the resonant state is present. |
| US07801480B2 |
Providing information on the individual bearers' relationships to mobile terminals receiving a multicast or broadcast service
The invention relates to a method providing a multicast or broadcast service to (the user of) a mobile terminal via a radio access network of a mobile communication system. The multicast or broadcast service is associated to a plurality of bearers for providing the multicast or broadcast service: Further, the invention relates to a mobile terminal for providing a multicast or broadcast service to a user, and to a network entity for providing a multicast or broadcast service to a mobile terminal via a radio access network of a mobile communication system. To enable the correct reception of the broadcast or multicast service at the mobile terminal, the invention proposes to provide the mobile terminal with information on the individual (layered/alternative/complementary) bearers' relationships. The bearers' relationships are provided in service description information for the multicast or broadcast service which indicates the bearers associated to the multicast or broadcast service and predetermined bearer combinations among the plurality of bearers. |
| US07801479B2 |
Method for receiving digital multimedia broadcasting in a weak electromagnetic field region and an apparatus therefor
Disclosed is a method for receiving DMB services with a DMB receiving apparatus capable of operating both in first DMB receiving mode and in second DMB receiving mode in a weak electromagnetic field region. The method includes setting the DMB receiving apparatus to the first DMB receiving mode both to receive first DMB packet data and to detect second DMB packet data, checking detection of the second DMB packet data if an event occurs preventing reception of the first DMB packet data during the first DMB receiving mode, notifying the user of the DMB receiving apparatus of possibility of switching the apparatus from the first to the second DMB receiving mode if the second DMB packet data is detected, and switching the DMB receiving apparatus from the first to the second DMB receiving mode according to a user switching request. |
| US07801474B2 |
Fixing device and image forming apparatus having fixing device
A fixing device of the present invention includes a holding frame placed along a fixed pressing member. The holding frame includes a groove section having a recessed cross section and extending along the width direction of a sheet. The fixed pressing member is housed in the groove section. The fixed pressing member is pressed toward the rotor so that the rotor and the fixed pressing member are put in pressure contact with each other. A first engaging element is provided in a predetermined position on the bottom face of the groove section of the holding frame. A second engaging element which engages with the first engaging element is provided in a position on the fixed pressing member which corresponds to the positions of the first engaging element on the holding frame. |
| US07801472B2 |
Device and method for printing on both faces of a recording medium, comprising a charge shifting and recharging device
In a method or device for simultaneous double-sided printing of a recording medium, the first toner image having toner charged with a first polarity is generated on a first transfer belt and a second toner image having toner also charged with the first polarity is generated on a second transfer belt. A charge shifting device is provided along with a recharging device. At least one of the charge shifting device and the recharging device has a corotron. With the charge shifting device, the charge of the first toner image is shifted to a second polarity opposite to the first polarity and with the recharging device the second toner image with the first polarity is recharged. The recording medium is passed between the first and the second transfer belts. An electrical field is generated at a transfer printing region via which the first toner image shifted to the second polarity and the recharged second toner image are separated from the respective first or second transfer belt and are transferred to a side of the recording medium facing the respective transfer belt. |
| US07801470B2 |
Developing device, process unit, and image forming apparatus
A developing apparatus, comprises an endless belt shaped donor member; a developer supporting member to carry developer including toner and magnetic carrier and to form a toner layer on the donor member; a first supporting member arranged in the inside of the donor member with a predetermined gap against the developer supporting member and to strain the donor member; a second supporting member arranged in the inside of the donor member with a predetermined gap against the developer supporting member and to strain the donor member; a toner supply bias applying section to apply onto the first supporting member a toner supply bias for supplying toner from the developer supporting member to the donor member; and a toner recovery bias applying section to apply onto the second supporting member a toner recovery bias for recovering toner from the donor member to the developer supporting member. |
| US07801467B2 |
Developing-agent container, method of manufacturing developing-agent container, developing-agent supplying device, and image forming apparatus
A developing-agent container contains a developing agent to be supplied to a developing unit. The developing agent contains toner and carrier. The developing-agent container is filled with the developing agent with the toner and the carrier evenly distributed in a highly air-containing state. After filling the developing-agent container with the developing agent, an external force is applied on at least one of the toner and the carrier in the toner container so that a difference in forces per unit volume of the toner and the carrier due to gravity becomes small. |
| US07801464B2 |
Ion generating device with a discharge electrode on a dielectric body coated by a protective layer made of metal
A surface of a discharge electrode of an ion generating device of the present invention, other than a surface in contact with a dielectric body, is coated with a protective layer made of a metal that is gold or a combination of gold and nickel. This allows the ion generating device to generate ions evenly and stably, and to have a longer life. |
| US07801462B2 |
Image forming apparatus having a plurality of photoconductive elements, a plurality of optical writing devices and a stay
An image forming apparatus including a plurality of image forming cartridges removably mounted to an apparatus body one above the other is disclosed. Structural members each partition off a space between nearby image forming cartridges mounted to the apparatus body. The apparatus is capable of obviating banding ascribable to the vibration of the cartridges. |
| US07801456B2 |
Image forming apparatus
An image forming apparatus has a heating rotator 12 that is heated by a first heat source 18, a pressurizing rotator 24 that is heated by a second heat source 28, that is in pressure contact with the heating rotator 12, and that forms a fixing nip 26 between the pressurizing rotator 24 and the heating rotator 12, a temperature sensor St that detects a temperature in the apparatus, and a controller 124 that controls temperatures of the heating rotator 12 and of the pressurizing rotator 24 by on-off control over the first heat source 18 and the second heat source 28, respectively, and that sets the temperature of the pressurizing rotator 24 higher than a normal temperature on condition that the temperature detected by the temperature sensor St exceeds a specified value. |
| US07801453B2 |
Adaptive toner gas gauge
In accordance with certain aspects, an adaptive system and method are implemented to estimate the level of a consumable such as toner on a gauge that accommodates machine-to-machine variances, individual machine degradation over time, and otherwise correct over time for various inaccuracies by applying an error compensation that can be used in subsequent replenisher computations. Over the lifetime of an imaging machine, such as a copier or printer device, these error compensations can increase the accuracy of the particular machine, to accommodate various deviations from nominal constraint assumptions as a result of differences in one or more operating constraints. |
| US07801451B2 |
Optical signal processing circuit
An optical phase modulation circuit includes an optical phase modulation element, an optical bandpass filter, and an optical directional coupler, wherein control light with a wavelength of λC is coupled with probe light with a wavelength of λP using the optical directional coupler and input to the optical phase modulation element, the probe light that has been phase modulated by the optical phase modulation element is extracted through the optical band pass filter, and the phase of the probe light is modulated in response to the intensity of the control light. |
| US07801450B2 |
Optical transmitter and optical communication system
An optical transmitter includes an optical modulator, an optical coupler, a crosspoint monitoring unit, a reference-value setting unit, and a bias circuit. The optical coupler splits an optical signal output from the optical modulator into a plurality of optical signals. The crosspoint monitoring unit receives part of the optical signals, and monitors a crosspoint of the optical signal output from the optical modulator. The reference-value setting unit sets a bias reference value to be assigned to the optical modulator based on an output of the crosspoint monitoring unit so that the crosspoint is constant. The bias circuit applies a bias to the optical modulator based on the bias reference value. |
| US07801449B2 |
Off-module optical transceiver firmware paging
An optical transceiver (or optical transmitter or optical receiver) that is coupled to a host computing system. The optical transceiver includes a system memory and at least one processor. The optical transceiver operates at least in part by the processor executing microcode from system memory. In order to change operation, the optical transceiver pages microcode segments from the host computing system to the system memory of the optical transceiver to adjust for changing operational circumstances. For example, by this paging, microcode segments that are more likely to be used given the current operational circumstances are loaded into the system memory of the optical transceiver, while microcode segments that are less likely to be used given the current operational circumstances are retained at the host computing system. |
| US07801448B2 |
Wireless communication system with high efficiency/high power optical source
An optical communication system is provided which includes an optical signal transmitter which communicates high bandwidth, high power frequencies. The optical signal transmitter includes a high efficiency/high power optical source such as an optical magnetron or a phased array source of electromagnetic radiation, and a modulator element. The modulator element may be within a resonance cavity of the high efficiency/high power optical source (intra cavity) or external to the cavity (extra cavity). The modulator element serves to modulate output radiation of the high efficiency/high power optical source to produce a modulated high frequency optical signal which may be transmitted through the air. The optical signal transmitter is particularly useful in providing the last mile connection between cable service operators and end users. |
| US07801446B2 |
Wavelength division multiplexed optical communication system with rapidly-tunable optical filters
The present invention provides a WDM optical system that includes a tunable filter for selecting one or more optical channels from a WDM optical signal. A portion of a WDM signal enters a first optical filter stage that exhibits a periodic transmission spectrum and possesses individually tunable filter elements. A second optical filter stage receives throughput from the first filter stage and has a periodic transmission spectrum and individually tunable filter elements. A controller electrically communicates with the optical filter to select individual optical channels from the portion of the wavelength division multiplexed optical signal received through the filter input port; each selected optical channel is output via a filter throughput port. In an exemplary embodiment, each tunable filter element is a micro-ring resonator and the micro-ring resonators in the first filter stage have a different free spectral range (FSR) than the micro-ring resonators of the second filter stage. |
| US07801444B1 |
Amplification for optical fibre ultrawide band transmission systems
The invention relates to a very broad band wavelength multiplexed transmission system, typically having a bandwidth greater than 150 nm or 200 nm, and in which energy transfers between channels caused by the Raman effect are compensated. The depletion of channels at shorter wavelengths is compensated by amplification which is preferably distributed, while the enrichment of channels at longer wavelengths is compensated by attenuation. |
| US07801443B2 |
Automatic circulation collection type data collecting system
An automatic circulation collection type data system is constructed by connecting a monitoring device and data collecting modules disposed at respective places through optical cables. The monitoring device transmits a trigger pulse for data collection through the optical cable to each data collecting module. An identification code is given to each data collecting module, and each data collecting module has an automatic circulation mechanism comprising first and second optical switches, a data collecting unit, and a controller 6 for performing various kinds of control for data collection. When receiving the trigger pulse from the monitoring device, the automatic circulation mechanism turns on the third switch and transmits the collected data through the optical cable to the monitoring device together with the identification code, and also transmits a trigger pulse through the optical cable to a next data collecting module. |
| US07801440B2 |
System and method for digital film simulation
The invention includes a system for imparting at least one characteristic of photographic emulsion to an image. The system includes a light transmissible medium at least partially provided with photographic film emulsion, wherein the photographic film emulsion is capable of being exposed and chemically processed. Furthermore, light that is related to an image is projected through a selected portion of the photographic film emulsion. Moreover, a containment is included for providing the light transmissible medium in a position relative to the projected light, wherein the image is imparted with the at least one quality related to the photographic film emulsion. |
| US07801439B2 |
Image taking device having a detachable optical unit, an attachment and displacement detection unit, and a control unit responsive to attachment and displacement detection
There is provided an image taking device with removable optical unit, with which it is possible to operate the power supply of the image taking device body without operating a power switch, and operation of the power supply of the image taking device body is made easy. The image taking device with removable optical element is provided with an image taking device body, a lens unit (optical unit) that is removable with respect to the image taking device body, an attachment detection unit for detecting attachment of the lens unit to the image taking device body, and a system controller (control unit) for turning a power supply of the image taking device body on upon detection of attachment of the lens unit to the image taking device body by the attachment detection unit. The system controller is configured to turn off the power supply of the image taking device body in a state where attachment of the lens unit to the image taking device body is not detected by the attachment detection unit. |
| US07801435B2 |
Lens driving apparatus, imaging apparatus, and lens barrel and camera main body used for this
A lens position calculator is provided that determines a phase of a driving signal as a reference position of an imaging lens when an output value of a position detection sensor reaches a threshold value. The lens position calculator determines a position obtained by performing addition or subtraction on the reference position read out from a reference position storage as a judgment position, detects an output value of the position detection sensor at a timing in synchronization with the driving signal that drives a driver and at the judgment position, and judges whether the output value of the position detection sensor at the judgment position reaches the threshold value or not, so as to determine the reference position again. |
| US07801434B2 |
Focus controller and optical apparatus using the same
A focus controller configured to control focus of an optical element includes a focus state detector configured to detect a focus state based on a contrast value of an image formed by the optical element, and a driving mechanism that moves the optical element including a motor, a position sensor configured to detect a position of a rotor in the motor, and a driving controller configured to select, in accordance with the contrast value, first driving configured to switch an electrization to a coil in accordance with an output of the position senor, or second driving configured to switch the electrization to the coil in the motor in accordance with a determined time interval. |
| US07801433B2 |
Camera with AF auxiliary illumination
The present invention provides a camera with AF auxiliary illumination in which the focus position of an image taking lens is AF controlled to bring an object into focus, based on contrast information of an image acquired from an image pickup device, and if the photometric value of the object is less than a predetermined value, an AF auxiliary illumination is directed to the object, wherein the AF auxiliary illumination reflected from the object is measured, in which if the photometric value is greater than or equal to a specified value, the AF auxiliary illumination is dimmed out, and the emission amount of the AF auxiliary illumination is controlled based on the focus position of the image taking lens. |
| US07801431B2 |
Image capturing device and auto-focus method thereof
An image capturing device includes a lens unit, an image sensor, a face recognition unit, a selecting unit, an auto-focusing (AF) unit and a driving unit. The lens unit focuses images onto the image sensor. The image sensor converts the images into electronic signals. The face recognition unit locates any faces in a current image. If faces are detected, the selecting unit indicates to a user where the faces are located in the image, and selects one of the locations as a main focus area in response to a user input. The driving unit is configured for moving the lens unit. The AF unit controls the driving unit to focus the lens unit according to the selected location. |
| US07801425B2 |
Underwater adaptive camera housing
An underwater camera housing provided with an adaptive mechanical control arrangement for use with a broad range of camera brands and models. The camera housing is preferably formed of front and rear housing sections that are molded of clear transparent plastic and arranged to be moved between an open position for mounting a camera within the housing and a closed position in which the housing provides a watertight enclosure for protecting and communicating with a camera. The housing is provided with a truncated hemispherical lens through which a camera views scenes to be photographed to reduce distortion and not foreshorten viewing angle and a flat window and optional diffuser for providing controlled artificial illumination to a scene. A mounting plate is structured to slideably fit into one of the housing halves in one of two lateral orientations and includes a slidably adjustable camera mounting plate that permits a user to securely and accurately position cameras side-to-side and for and aft with respect to truncated hemispherical lens. Push button assemblies adjustable in length and point of contact are used to permit a user to adapt them to interact with a variety of camera control actuator architectures. |
| US07801423B2 |
Hair drier
“IMPROVED HAIR DRIER” including a housing, inside which an electrical engine is mounted, which activates a rotor generating an axial air flow crossing the equipment and contacting the heating element represented by an electrical resistance, duly mounted in a spacing structures; the housing of the relevant hair drier further incorporates a gripping part from which the electrical cable emerges, thereby allowing to connect the equipment with the electrical network, the gripping part further incorporating keys which control independently both the activation of the electrical engine and also the activation of the electrical resistance, the relevant hair drier is characterized for incorporating an ionizing device, which essentially is a high voltage source with a limited current; the ionizing device is connected with the conventional electrical circuit of the equipment, it being activated simultaneously with the activation of the electrical engine, or further at the time of the conjoint activation of both electrical engine and electrical resistance; from the ionizing device, at least one cable emerges, which is duly insulated by a sheath, and at the end of the cable an active pole x is mounted. |
| US07801421B2 |
Recording medium having data structure for managing reproduction of still pictures recorded thereon and recording and reproducing methods and apparatuses
The recording medium includes a data structure with at least one playlist file stored in a playlist area of the recording medium. The playlist file includes at least one playitem, at least one sub-playitem and mark information. The playitem provides navigation information for reproducing at least one still picture from a first file. The sub-playitem is associated with the playitem and provides navigation information for reproducing audio data from a second file. The mark information includes at least one mark pointing to the still picture. |
| US07801420B2 |
Video image recording and reproducing apparatus and video image recording and reproducing method
An apparatus includes a program guidance information holding section which holds electronic program guidance information, an algorithm holding section which holds separation point forming algorithms corresponding to a plurality of program attributes acquired from the electronic program guidance information, a program attribute determining section which determines one of the program attributes to which a to-be-processed program of the composite signal belongs based on the electronic program guidance information, an algorithm determining section which determines a separation point formation algorithm corresponding to the determined program attribute, and a separation point setting processing section which forms a separation point of the composite signal based on the determined algorithm. |
| US07801417B2 |
Randomly accessible visual information recording medium and recording method, and reproducing device and reproducing method
Access point pictures designated as randomly accessible positions are I pictures or P pictures. Information indicating the decoding sequence (I1, P1, B1, B2, B3, B4, P2, . . . ) of pictures functioning as access points and attribute information (picture_type) indicating whether a picture functions as an access point or is necessary for decoding of the access point following a given access point are recorded on the video information recording medium. Random access is possible even if the GOP interval is lengthened. |
| US07801414B2 |
Information recording method, information recording medium, and information reproducing method, wherein information is stored on a data recording portion and a management information recording portion
With this invention, at least one of a video file containing video information, a still picture file containing still picture information, and an audio file containing audio information and a management file having management information on a control method of reproducing the information in the file are recorded on an information storage medium. This realizes a data structure that causes the recording and deleting places on the information storage medium to correspond spuriously to places on a single tape, such as a VTR tape. Use of the data structure provides users with an easy-to-use interface. |
| US07801412B2 |
Recording medium having data structure for managing reproduction of multiple reproduction path video data recorded thereon and recording and reproducing methods and apparatuses
The present invention relates to a data structure for managing reproduction of at least video data having multiple reproduction paths through title structure. A recording medium having a data structure according to the present invention comprises a data area storing multi-path video data; and a management information area storing title management information to assign a plurality of titles to the multi-path video data, wherein the title management information includes at least one title block that is composed of an entry title and at least one non-entry title that are associated with mutually different reproduction paths. |
| US07801411B2 |
Moving picture data playback apparatus, moving picture data playback method, moving picture data recording apparatus, moving picture data recording method, and recording medium with moving picture data recorded thereon
In order to provide: a moving picture data playback apparatus and a moving picture data playback method, in which smooth high-speed playback is performed even when the moving picture playback speed is changed stepwise, and, in addition, the number of frames skipped is reduced in the high-speed playback; a moving picture data recording apparatus and a moving picture data recording method for recording the moving picture data played back by the moving picture data playback apparatus; and a recording medium having the moving picture data recorded thereon, the moving picture data recorded on the recording medium contains not only moving picture data for normal playback but also moving picture data for high-speed playback, which has a reduced number of pixels as compared with the moving picture data for normal playback. A picture forming circuit synthesizes intraframe-coded regions in a plurality of frames contained in the read moving picture data for high-speed playback. As a result, the number of frames processed per unit time doubles, thereby achieving high-speed playback which is twice as fast as the normal playback. |
| US07801407B2 |
Optical inspection of optical specimens supported by a work holder
An optical inspection system includes an optical inspection device and an interface. The optical inspection device houses optical imaging components that acquire microscope visual images and acquire interference fringe images of a plurality of optical specimens along an optical path. The optical path is located along an optical axis of the optical inspection device. The interface is coupled to the optical inspection device and is configured to removably engage a polishing work holder that supports the plurality of optical specimens. The interface allows an optical specimen axis of each of the plurality of optical specimens and the optical axis of the optical inspection device to be aligned. |
| US07801406B2 |
Method of fabricating Ge or SiGe/Si waveguide or photonic crystal structures by selective growth
A method of forming a low loss crystal quality waveguide is provided. The method includes providing a substrate and forming a dielectric layer on the substrate. A channel is formed by etching a portion of the dielectric layer. A selective growth of a Si Ge, or SiGe layer is performed in the area that defines the channel. Furthermore, the method includes thermally annealing the waveguide at a defined temperature range. |
| US07801400B2 |
Manufacturing method of optical device and optical device
A method of manufacturing an optical device involves forming patterns on a dielectric substrate. The patterns include a waveguide pattern having a folded part, a conductor pattern positioned on an outer peripheral side of the folded part, and a dummy pattern that connects the folded part and the conductor pattern. The method further involves performing heat diffusion processing on the dielectric substrate on which the patterns have been formed at the forming, to make the waveguide pattern into an optical waveguide. |
| US07801399B2 |
Method of forming optical waveguide
Parallel-aligned core layers are formed by patterning a core sheet laminated on a base plate, and a clad/core bonded body is formed by laminating a cladding sheet. The base plate is peeled from one surface of the clad/core bonded body and a dicing tape is pasted on the other surface of the clad/core bonded body. An inclined surface is formed by bevel-cutting both end portions of the core layers. Clad/core bonded pieces are formed by straight-cutting the cladding sheet between core layers and on an outside of outermost core layers. A mask is disposed on the clad/core bonded pieces, and then a metal film is formed on the inclined surface. The clad/core bonded pieces are separated individually by peeling the pieces from the dicing tape after the mask is removed. The clad/core bonded piece is brought into contact with the liquid adhesive coated on a circuit substrate and aligned thereon. Then, the liquid adhesive is cured. |
| US07801398B2 |
Optical path converting member, multilayer print circuit board, and device for optical communication
A device for optical communication comprising; at least a conductor circuit and an insulating layer formed and laminated, an optical circuit and an optical path for transmitting an optical signal; and an optical element or a package substrate on which an optical element is mounted, wherein an optical path converting member is disposed at the optical path for transmitting an optical signal so as to transmit an optical signal between the optical element and the optical circuit, the optical path converting member comprises a lens and an optical path conversion mirror having an entrance surface, an exit surface and a reflection surface, and the lens is provided at least one position selected from the entrance surface, the exit surface, and inside of the optical path conversion mirror. |
| US07801392B2 |
Image search system, image search method, and storage medium
An image search system includes a first calculation section that calculates a first similarity score of each registered image with respect to an input image on the basis of image features of the registered and the input image, a second calculation section that calculates a second similarity score of each registered image with respect to the input image on the basis of text features of the registered and the input image, a candidate extraction section that extracts one or more candidate images on the basis of the first and the second similarity scores of each registered image, a third calculation section that calculates a third similarity score of each candidate image on the basis of projection waveforms of the input image and the candidate image, and a search section that determines one or more registered images similar to the input image on the basis of the third similarity score. |
| US07801388B2 |
Image acquiring method, image processing method, and image transforming method
An image is picked up through sampling in a predetermined sampling pattern to acquire an image signal representing the image. Sampling information, which concerns the predetermined sampling pattern, is appended to the image signal, which has been acquired. The sampling information is information for discriminating checkered sampling and square sampling from each other. Different sharpness enhancement processing is performed on the image signal and in accordance with the sampling information to obtain a processed image signal. The different sharpness enhancement processing may be a processing in accordance with frequency characteristics of the image signal, which has been acquired, due to the sampling pattern. |
| US07801384B2 |
CMOS image sensors
An image sensor array of active pixel elements is arranged in rows and columns. Each column has an output circuit for reading out pixel image signals. The output circuit includes a pair of sample capacitors, a switching circuit operable based upon pixel switches for applying pixel voltages to the pair of sample capacitors. At least one optically masked pixel is provided so that output image signals obtained therefrom represent substantially only the column fixed pattern noise (FPN). An image processing circuit records the column FPN for each column from the optically masked pixels, records the image signal from the sensor array of active pixels, and subtracts the column FPN column-wise from the image signal. |
| US07801383B2 |
Embedded scalar quantizers with arbitrary dead-zone ratios
Embedded scalar quantizers for compression are described, along with tools for corresponding decompression. For example, a codec uses an embedded dead zone plus uniform threshold quantizer with repeated division of steps by specific factors. Non-dead-zone steps at a current level are divided into m+1 non-dead-zone steps at the next higher level, and the dead zone at the current level is divided into a dead zone at the next higher level with n new non-dead-zone steps at each side. Values for m and n depend on implementation. In some implementations, m=2 and n=1, and the dead zone ratio z=1, but other values are possible. |
| US07801382B2 |
Method and apparatus for adjustable image compression
A compression rate is selected for a data file representing an image wherein an image source and an image characterization is identified. Selection of a compression rate can be based upon the image source and the image characterization. The image source can be medical imaging device such as x-ray, CT scan, MRI, mammogram, sonogram, or other types of images. The image characterization can be an anatomical content of the image, a purpose of study of the image, or a diagnostic value of the source of the image. |
| US07801376B2 |
Recording medium having recorded thereon coded information using plus and/or minus rounding of images
A computer-readable medium having stored thereon an image decoding program which, when executed by a computer, performs: storing a reference image which is a previously decoded image; receiving coded information including motion vector information and rounding method information specifying a rounding method used in synthesizing a prediction image; and synthesizing the prediction image by performing motion compensation using the motion vector information and the reference image; wherein the synthesizing a prediction image is performable using positive and negative rounding methods for interpolating intensity values of pixels; wherein the interpolation of intensity values of pixels uses a rounding method specified by the rounding method information; wherein the rounding method information is included in coded information of the currently decoded image; wherein the rounding method information specifies one of two values specifying a positive rounding method and a negative rounding method, respectively. |
| US07801372B2 |
Recording medium having recorded thereon coded information using plus and/or minus rounding of images
An image decoder, wherein motion compensation is performed with half-pixel accuracy and uses bilinear interpolation to calculate intensity values of chrominance or luminance at points where no pixels actually exist in the reference image, the bilinear interpolation being performable using a positive rounding method and a negative rounding method; wherein the bilinear interpolation is performed using a rounding method specified by the rounding method information; wherein the rounding method information is included in coded information of the currently decoded image; wherein the rounding method information is included in a header section of the coded information of the currently decoded image; wherein the rounding method information specifies one of two values; and wherein one of the two values specifies a positive rounding method, and another one of the two values specifies a negative rounding method. |
| US07801365B2 |
Method of coding a continuous data flow using vector quantization
Methods and systems for compressing a continuous data flow for numerous applications where it is necessary to process large data sets such as hyper-spectral data cubes in real-time. A predetermined number of 2D focal plane frames in a boundary area of a previous regional data cube close to a current regional data cube are included in a training set used for codevector training for the current region. Therefore, no artificial boundary occurs between the two adjacent regions when codevectors trained in this way are used for codebook generation and encoding of the spectral vectors of the current regional data cube. This process substantially reduces image artifacts between adjacent regions. A remedy for the single bit error problem is also provided. Full redundancy of compressed data for a regional data cube is obtained by combining a previous regional data cube and the current regional data cube for codebook training. In order to obtain redundancy for the index map, the codebook is used to encode the current regional data cube as well as the previous regional data cube producing a baseline index map for the current regional data cube and a redundant index map for the previous regional data cube. Therefore, full redundancy for a regional data cube is provided allowing restoration of a regional data cube even if its codebook and/or index map are corrupted or lost due to single bit errors. |
| US07801362B2 |
Color image residue transformation and/or inverse transformation method and apparatus, and color image encoding and/or decoding method and apparatus using the same
A color image residue transform and/or inverse transform method and apparatus, and a color image encoding and/or decoding method and apparatus using the same are provided. The residue transform method includes: obtaining a residue corresponding to the difference of an original image and a predicted image; and transforming the residue by using a relation between residues of color image components. The residue inverse transform method includes: generating a residue for each component by performing residue inverse transform of the residue transformed original image; and restoring the original image by adding a predicted image to the residue of each component. Also, the color image lossless encoding method using the residue transform includes: obtaining a residue corresponding to the difference of an original image and a predicted image; and performing encoding by transforming the residue by using the relation between residues of predetermined components. The decoding method includes: extracting residue transformed image data from the coded data of the original image; generating a residue for each component by performing residue inverse transform of the residue transformed image data; and restoring the original image by adding a predicted image to the residue of each component. According to the methods and apparatuses, by performing transform between residues of each color component, the redundancy of the residue of each color component is removed such that when a color image is encoded, a higher compression efficiency can be achieved. |
| US07801355B2 |
Image processing method, image processing device, semiconductor device, electronic apparatus, image processing program, and computer-readable storage medium
An image processing method comprising a step of performing a color interpolation process on image data output from a single-chip color image capturing sensor to calculate color data for each pixel and a step of converting the color data using a predetermined transformation formula and of filtering the converted data, and the transformation formula is replaced based on the magnitude of a color value of the color data. When a color value of a specific color is large, the transformation formula can be appropriately changed. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the lowering of the overall resolution without being affected by the resolution of the color. Further, it is possible to reliably reproduce a smooth and natural edge of an image without adding other processes to the color interpolation process. |
| US07801353B2 |
Method for defect detection using computer aided design data
Images of areas of a wafer are generated and registered with respect to computer aided design (CAD) data to provide a registered images. Defects in the wafer are then detected by comparing the registered images to one another and defect location information is generated in CAD coordinates. |
| US07801351B2 |
Method and system to manage digital medical images
An interactive user interface (UI) for managing digital medical images is disclosed. The UI includes a first display panel for displaying more than one of the digital medical images and a point on each digital medical image located in associated regions for stitching pairs of the digital medical images together, and a second display panel for displaying a composite image comprising the stitched digital medical images. The UI provides means for a user to modify the location of the points and means for applying an algorithm to regenerate the composite image in response to the location of the points. |
| US07801349B2 |
Automatic generation of an envelope of constraint points for inverse planning
A method of automatically generating an envelope of constraint points for a target region to optimize an inverse treatment plan by modifying the dose isocontour. |
| US07801347B2 |
Assessing cardiovascular and vertebral/hip fracture risk and bone condition using quantitative computed tomography and/or dual energy x-ray absorptiometry
Methods and systems for computer assisted detection of arterial calcification, for example in the abdominal artery, by using measurements such as those conventionally taken with a dual x-ray energy bone densitometers at single energy or dual energy, or by a CT/QCT device for a localization of scout view, and for using the calcification assessment either alone or with other information to assess and report a risk of a cardiovascular event, alone or together with other information such as BMD and vertebral fracture risk. |
| US07801345B2 |
Method of quantifying asymmetry of an object
The method is performed in a computer and includes acts of importing medical image data sets of an object, selecting regions of interest of the object in each medical image data set, processing the medical image data and constructing an optimal symmetry plane. The act of selecting the regions of interest of the object in each medical image data set defines the regions of interest of the object in each medical image data set and locates the regions of interest of the object in each medical image data set. The act of processing the medical image data executes an error equation and obtains optimal parameters of the optimal symmetry plane with a symmetry value. The act of constructing an optimal symmetry plane constructs an optimal symmetry plane with the obtained optimal parameters. Based on the discovered Optimal Symmetry Plane, slanted images from medical imaging can be rectified. |
| US07801343B2 |
Method and apparatus for inner wall extraction and stent strut detection using intravascular optical coherence tomography imaging
A method and apparatus for automatically detecting stent struts in an image is disclosed whereby the inner boundary, or lumen, of an artery wall is first detected automatically and intensity profiles along rays in the image are determined. In one embodiment, detection of the lumen boundary may be accomplished, for example, by evolving a geometric shape, such as an ellipse, using a region-based algorithm technique, a geodesic boundary-based algorithm technique or a combination of the two techniques. Once the lumen boundary has been determined, in another embodiment, the stent struts are detected using a ray shooting algorithm whereby a ray is projected outward in the OCT image starting from the position in the image of the OCT sensor. The intensities of the pixels along the ray are used to detect the presence of a stent strut in the image. |
| US07801340B2 |
Biometric information obtaining apparatus
The apparatus enables a user to recognize the way he is moving his finger with respect to, for example, a sweep-type fingerprint sensor so that the user can easily and surely learn an appropriate way the finger (body part) should be moved. A velocity detecting means detects a velocity at which the body part moves with respect to a sensor, and an image generating means generates an arbitrary pattern, of which a portion corresponding to a position where the body part is located when the movement velocity is detected is altered according to the detected movement velocity, and the generated pattern is shown on a display. |
| US07801339B2 |
Biometrics with spatiospectral spoof detection
Methods and apparatus are described for performing a biometric function on a purported skin site. The site is illuminated under distinct optical conditions and light reflected from the site is received. A feature value for several features is derived from the received light, permitting a comparison to be performed with reference feature values. Whether the purported skin site is a true skin site is determined from the comparison. |
| US07801338B2 |
Multispectral biometric sensors
A biometric measurement system has a platen, an illumination source, a light detector, and a controller. The controller is interfaced with the illumination source and the light detector. The controller has instructions to illuminate a purported skin site of an individual under distinct optical conditions during a single illumination session while the purported skin site is moved over the platen. The controller also has instructions to derive a multispectral image of the purported skin site from light received by the light detector after scattering from the purported skin site for multiple distinct optical conditions while the purported skin site is moved over the platen. |
| US07801337B2 |
Face detection method, device and program
To detect a face image in an inputted image, predetermined-size partial images are cut out at different positions in the inputted image. An indicator value indicating a probability of each partial image being the face image is calculated. The partial images having the indicator values not less than a first threshold are extracted as candidate face images. Each candidate is set as a candidate of interest. If any nearby candidate is present within a predetermined coordinate distance from the candidate of interest, the candidate of interest and the nearby candidate are set in one candidate group. For each candidate group, an integrated indicator value reflecting the indicator values calculated for the candidates forming the candidate group is calculated. Then, an image within a predetermined area in the inputted image containing the candidate group having the integrated indicator value not less than a second threshold is extracted as the face image. |
| US07801336B2 |
Living eye judging method and living eye judging device
An eye (EY) of a person to be shot is illuminated coaxially with the optical axis of a camera (11), and then, is shot. At this time, a retinal reflex is caused and the luminance in the pupil region becomes high if the eye (EY) is a living eye. A living eye judgment section (17) judges whether an eye included in the image is a living eye is performed based on the luminance in the pupil region of the image captured by the camera (11). |
| US07801335B2 |
Apparatus and methods for detecting the presence of a human eye
Apparatus and methods for determining whether a live, human eye is presented for iris-based recognition. An image is presented on a computer screen and reflected back from the eye. The reflected image is captured and processed to determine whether the reflection was consistent with a human eye. |
| US07801334B2 |
Fingerprint recognition apparatus including sterilizing function and method for sterilizing the same
Provided are a fingerprint recognition apparatus including a sterilizing function and a method for sterilizing the same. The fingerprint recognition apparatus includes a sterilizing light source irradiating a sterilizing light on a fingerprint contact surface of a fingerprint sensor to sterilize at all times the fingerprint contact surface which many and unspecified users contact their fingers on repeatedly. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent a route of bacterial infection and improve hygienic conditions. |
| US07801333B2 |
Vision system and a method for scanning a traveling surface to detect surface defects thereof
There is provided a vision system and a method for scanning a traveling surface such a road to detect surface defects thereof such as cracks. The vision system, which is mountable on a vehicle, is provided with a linear imaging system for imaging successive adjacent transversal linear portions of the traveling surface as the vehicle advances. The vision system is also provided with laser line projecting means angularly projecting a laser line onto the transversal linear portion of the traveling surface to be imaged in a substantially coplanar relationship with the linear imaging system. The present vision system is particularly devised to be immune to surrounding light conditions variations to provide optimum cracks image contrast for both transverse and longitudinal cracks. |
| US07801329B2 |
Information processing system, information processing apparatus and information processing method, program, and recording medium
An information processing system, apparatus and method is disclosed wherein an image of a predetermined region and an image of moving bodies in the region can be picked up and any of images obtained by such image pickup which is desired by a user can be reproduced readily. Sensor images of the predetermined region are stored, and an image of the moving bodies in the region is picked up separately and stored together with reproduction information relating to reproduction of the sensor image from which the moving bodies are detected. When an instruction to reproduce the sensor image is issued, the reproduction information corresponding to the moving body is read out, and the sensor image is reproduced based on the read out reproduction information. The invention can be applied, for example, to a monitoring system. |
| US07801327B2 |
Record carrier with watermark
A record carrier includes a pattern of substantially parallel tracks for storing data in the form of marks, in which the data is encoded by a channel code. A watermark is provided by controlling the parameter of the channel code so as to introduce a predetermined run length distribution in the marks on the record carrier. Brightness differences are caused by introducing this run length distribution. |
| US07801326B2 |
Digital watermark and film mark
A method and system are described for inserting a watermark, including receiving partially encrypted or transformed content, receiving a watermark unit and replacing directly an unencrypted and untransformed portion of the partially encrypted or transformed content with an alternative value, wherein the alternative value has embedded therein watermark signals. Also described are a method and system for watermark detection, including receiving a watermark unit, receiving digital media content, wherein a portion of the digital media content was watermarked, retrieving a plurality of coefficient values from the watermarked content and retrieving bit values of the watermark from the coefficient values. |
| US07801321B2 |
Condenser microphone
In a condenser microphone in which a microphone unit section is replaceable, an electromagnetic wave is prevented without fail from entering into an internal circuit through a coupled portion of the microphone unit section and a microphone case and generation of noises caused by the electromagnetic wave is prevented. The condenser microphone has a microphone case, a unit case which is detachably attached to the microphone case and incorporates a condenser microphone unit, a circuit substrate contained in the microphone case, and an electric path which electrically connects a rear end of the unit case with the circuit substrate in a state that the unit case is attached to the microphone case, wherein the electric path electrically connects the rear end of the unit case with the circuit substrate via an inductor. |
| US07801317B2 |
Apparatus and method of reproducing wide stereo sound
An apparatus and a method of reproducing a wide stereo sound by widening a stereo sound output by an audio reproducing apparatus using only two closely disposed channel speakers include a widening filtering operation and a direct filtering operation. In the widening filtering operation, virtual sound sources for arbitrary locations are formed from a stereo-channel audio signal using head related transfer functions measured at predetermined locations, and crosstalk is cancelled from the virtual sound sources using filter coefficients in which the head related transfer functions are reflected. In the direct filtering operation, signal characteristics of the stereo-channel audio signal are adjusted based on the crosstalk-cancelled virtual sound sources. |
| US07801316B2 |
Capacitor microphone
A capacitor microphone includes a battery holder including a microphone unit housing at one end and a battery holder at the other end, the battery holder being coupled to a connector sleeve; an output connector housed in the connector sleeve, and detachably receiving a grounding sleeve of a microphone cable; a cylindrical conductive battery cover which is movable between a position covering the battery holder and a position releasing the battery holder and is electrically connected to the microphone unit housing at the position covering the battery holder; and an elastic and conductive cloth which is present between the connector sleeve and the battery cover, and is in contact with the connector sleeve and the battery cover, the connector sleeve and the battery cover being electrically connected. |
| US07801314B2 |
Audio signal processing apparatus
In an audio signal encoding apparatus, a first audio signal and a second audio signal are added into an addition-result signal. The first audio signal is subtracted from the second audio signal to generate a subtraction-result signal. A first difference signal is generated which represents a difference in the addition-result signal. A second difference signal is generated which represents a difference in the subtraction-result signal. A plurality of first predictors have different prediction characteristics respectively, and are responsive to the first difference signal for generating first different prediction signals for the first difference signal, respectively. A plurality of first subtracters operate for generating first prediction-error signals representing differences between the first difference signal and the first different prediction signals, respectively. A first minimum prediction-error signal representative of a smallest difference is selected from among the first prediction-error signals. A plurality of second predictors have different prediction characteristics respectively, and are responsive to the second difference signal for generating second different prediction signals for the second difference signal, respectively. A plurality of second subtracters operate for generating second prediction-error signals representing differences between the second difference signal and the second different prediction signals, respectively. A second minimum prediction-error signal representative of a smallest difference is selected from among the second prediction-error signals. |
| US07801312B2 |
Audio signal processing circuit
An audio signal processing circuit for an audio reproduction apparatus at least having sound source located substantially at left and right sides to a listener, is provided. The audio signal processing circuit includes a phase difference control portion. The phase difference control portion receives a left channel signal for the left sound source and a right channel signal for the right sound source, controls a phase difference between the left and right channel signals so as to produce a relative phase difference in the range of 140 degrees to 160 degrees, and outputs the phase difference controlled left and right channel signals for the left and right sound source, respectively. |
| US07801305B2 |
Secure device for the broadcasting, recording and viewing on demand of audiovisual works in a format of the MPEG-2 TS type
A process for distributing audiovisual sequences in accordance with a nominal stream format respecting a MPEG-2 TS norm including a succession of TS packets, including analyzing the stream made prior to transmitting to client equipment to generate a first stream in conformity with the MPEG-2 TS format, modifying all or part of the TS packets by substituting packets of the same structure, but whose content was modified, and generating a second stream of a format including digital information suitable for permitting reconstruction of the nominal stream, separately transmitting the two streams from a servers to the equipment, and a calculation is made on the equipment of a synthesis of a stream in nominal format as a function of the first stream and the second stream. |
| US07801302B2 |
Cryptographic method and apparatus
A cryptographic method and apparatus is provided in which a first party receives and modifies a public key for which there exists a corresponding private key held by a second party. The public key is modified by exponentiating at least one element of the received public key using as exponent a hash of a string that comprises information concerning at least one action to be taken by the second party. The string is made available to the second party to enable the latter to modify its private key to compliment the modified public key. In a preferred embodiment, the method and apparatus are applied to the use of the ElGamal encryption/decryption scheme, with the second party acting as a trusted authority that only releases the decrypted message to a third party if the latter satisfies an identity condition specified in the string. |
| US07801301B2 |
Method and circuit for data encryption/decryption
Data are converted between an unencrypted and an encrypted format according to the Rijndael algorithm, including a plurality of rounds. Each round is comprised of a fixed set of transformations applied to a two-dimensional array, designating states, of rows and columns of bit words. At least a part of the transformations are applied on a transposed version of the state, wherein rows and columns are transposed for the columns and rows, respectively. |
| US07801296B2 |
xDSL-line-interface-circuit
at least one self oscillating loop circuit which oscillates with a switching frequency (fs), wherein the self oscillating loop circuit (18, 19, 20) comprises an output driver (19) which is switched with said switching frequency and a loop filter (20) which feeds back an amplified loop signal output by said driver (19) to an input of said self oscillating loop and a trimming circuit (21) for trimming the switching frequency (fs) of said self oscillating loop circuit. |
| US07801294B2 |
System and method for resuming automatic advance calling to contacts
A telecommunications system includes a network; a telephony client operably coupled to the network and configured to maintain a list of contact telephone numbers; a telephony server operably coupled to the network and including an automatic advance sequence service including means for sequentially calling a contact on said list at one or more numbers associated with the contact and if the call is completed at one of the one or more numbers, continuing to call the remaining ones of the one or more numbers in sequence. |
| US07801293B2 |
Ringback tone preference information to assist selection of ringback tone
Ringback tone preference information, input by a user of a communication device, is presented to a ringback tone service subscriber or a proxy for the ringback tone service subscriber to assist the ringback tone service subscriber or the proxy select a ringback tone to be played to the user of the communication device on a call to the ringback tone service subscriber. |
| US07801291B2 |
Control program providing method using communication system, center apparatus in communication system, user apparatus in communication system, and program recorded on recording medium in user apparatus
A method includes creating process data which constitutes at least a portion of the control program and describes the execution contents of the communication functions, and parameter data which constitutes a different portion of the control program from the process data portion and is used to describe individual setting information of user in accordance with the process data, in the center apparatus, sending the process data and the parameter data from the center apparatus to the user apparatus via the communication network, receiving the process data and the parameter data from the center apparatus, then describing input individual setting information in the parameter data to create the control program, in the user apparatus, recording the resulting control program onto a recording medium, and reading the control program from the recording medium and setting the read control program in the communication equipment as requested by the user, in the user apparatus. |
| US07801290B1 |
Consolidated access and administration of customized telephone calling service
The present invention provides methods that allow more sophisticated use of custom calling services by consolidating the access to and administration of services for multiple lines and/or telephone devices. Embodiments include a single configuration interface for the calling services on all of an individual's telephone lines or devices, a single system for providing incoming calling services for all of an individual's telephone lines or devices, and a single system for providing outgoing calling services for all of an individual's telephone lines or devices. The present invention also includes features which allow custom calling services for a particular telephone device to be customized so as to interact with the custom calling services on another telephone device belonging to the same user. |
| US07801289B2 |
Voice-over network (VoN)/voice-over internet protocol (VoIP) architect using advance intelligent network alternatives
Voice service over a next generation network is provided using Advanced Intelligent Network solutions. A voice over network communications signal is communicated from an analog communications device over a telecommunications network to a softswitch (SSW) complex that detects and decodes a directory communications address to identify an internal, secret line number (SLN) communications address and, if associated with an SLN, to activate a voice over network application trigger to enable voice communications over an Internet Protocol, data communications network. |
| US07801287B1 |
Systems and methods for generating telephony dial tones
A system for generating number tones for dialing a telephone device comprising a socket assembly and at least one dialer module. The socket assembly defines at least one socket, where the socket is electrically connected to the telephone device. The at least one dialer module comprises a first memory device for storing a sequence of numbers, a first data entry device and a plug electrically connected to the first memory device. The plug engages the socket to electrically connect the first memory device to the socket assembly. Operation of the first data entry device causes the generation of an electrical DTMF signal based on the sequence of numbers stored by the memory device. The electrical DTMF signal is transmitted to the telephone device. |
| US07801286B1 |
Method and system for managing voice mail boxes
An improved arrangement for managing voice mail boxes. A group voice mail account will be defined to include a general mailbox and two or more sub-mailboxes. For each sub-mailbox, the voice mail account will define a respective pass code that can be used as a key for gaining management access to that sub-mailbox and to the general mailbox but not to any other one of the sub-mailboxes. When the voice mail system receives from a user the pass code associated with a given sub-mailbox, the voice mail system will thus allow the user to manage greetings and/or messages associated with the given sub-mailbox and greetings and/or messages associated with the general mailbox, but the voice mail server will not allow the user to manage greetings or messages associated with other mailboxes. Further, upon gaining access to manage the general mailbox, the user may create additional sub-mailboxes. |
| US07801285B2 |
Activation of a telephones's own call answering equipment according to the number of the calling party
In a communication device (20) comprising a message function (SMS, Short Message Service) a certain short message (7) or other reply message is sent in response to an incoming call in a situation where the user can't answer the call him/herself. The reply message can be sent immediately (9) or after a short delay (10, 11), whereby during the delay, the user can choose, whether he/she answers him/herself. The calling party (5) is identified from the CLI information (Caller Line Identity), whereby the reply message can be chosen according to the calling party. Time information can be included in the reply message in order to express at which time by the clock or after a how long time the receiving party is reachable. After that time the automatic reply function based on the reply message is automatically disconnected. |
| US07801284B1 |
Voice terminal for dialing by name with presence
A voice terminal provides an enhanced dial-by-name feature using presence information indicating availability of subscribers. The voice terminal includes an input device configured to receive input from a user indicating directory search criteria for searching a directory of subscribers to identify those subscribers matching the input and a user interface operable to provide both a list of subscribers matching the input and presence information on each of the subscribers in the list. |
| US07801280B2 |
Methods and systems for measuring the perceptual quality of communications
Described are methods, systems, and devices that include obtaining a first measured perceptual quality by measuring, at a first location associated with a communications network, a perceptual quality of a first communication transmitted from the first location to a second location associated with the communications network, obtaining a second measured perceptual quality by measuring perceptual quality of the first communication at the second location; and, based on the first measured perceptual quality and the second measured perceptual quality, generating a first value representative of degradation in the quality of the first communication. |
| US07801279B2 |
Anti-scatter device, method and system
An anti-scatter device for suppressing scattered radiation includes a plurality of x-ray absorbing layers. The anti-scatter device further includes a plurality of spacer layers, such that each spacer layer is arranged between any two of the plurality of x-ray absorbing layers in order to hold each of the x-ray absorbing layers in a pre-defined orientation. Furthermore, each of the spacer layers includes a plurality of unsealed voids to reduce the absorption of x-rays incident on at least a portion of each of the spacer layers. |
| US07801277B2 |
Field emitter based electron source with minimized beam emittance growth
A system and method for limiting emittance growth in an electron beam is disclosed. The system includes an emitter element configured to generate an electron beam and an extraction electrode positioned adjacent to the emitter element to extract the electron beam out therefrom, the extraction electrode including an opening therethrough. The system also includes a meshed grid disposed in the opening of the extraction electrode to enhance intensity and uniformity of an electric field at a surface of the emitter element and an emittance compensation electrode (ECE) positioned adjacent to the meshed grid on the side of the meshed grid opposite that of the emitter element and configured to control emittance growth of the electron beam. |
| US07801274B1 |
Digital dental image apparatus having low noise power supply system
A digital dental image apparatus comprising: an intra-oral image sensor configured to output a raw analog video signal; a processing raw analog video signal (PRAVS) means for processing the raw analog video signal for optimum detection; a digitizing, over sampling, and averaging (DOSA) means for digitizing, over sampling, and averaging the optimized analog video signal; a programmable control and signal processing (PCSP) means configured to generate a control signal to control an over sampling rate of the (DOSA) means; and a low noise power supply that improves the intra-oral image sensor performance. The PCSP means is configured to process the DOSA video signal, and configured to output the processed DOSA video signal to an output network interface. |
| US07801272B2 |
X-ray diffraction apparatus and X-ray diffraction method
In an X-ray diffraction method using the parallel beam method, an X-ray parallel beam is incident on a sample, and diffracted X-rays from the sample are reflected at a mirror and thereafter detected by an X-ray detector. The reflective surface of the mirror has a shape of an equiangular spiral that has a center located on the surface of the sample. A crystal lattice plane that causes reflection is parallel to the reflective surface at any point on the reflective surface. The X-ray detector is one-dimensional position sensitive in a plane parallel to the diffraction plane. A relative positional relationship between the mirror and the X-ray detector is determined so that reflected X-rays from different points on the reflective surface of the mirror reach different points on the X-ray detector respectively. This X-ray diffraction method is superior in angular resolution, and is small in X-ray intensity reduction, and is simple in structure. |
| US07801271B2 |
Methods and devices for orthovoltage ocular radiotherapy and treatment planning
A method, code and system for planning the treatment a lesion on or adjacent to the retina of an eye of a patient are disclosed. There is first established at least two beam paths along which x-radiation is to be directed at the retinal lesion. Based on the known spectral and intensity characteristics of the beam, a total treatment time for irradiation along each beam paths is determined. From the coordinates of the optic nerve in the aligned eye position, there is determined the extent and duration of eye movement away from the aligned patient-eye position in a direction that moves the patient's optic nerve toward the irradiation beam that will be allowed during treatment, while still maintaining the radiation dose at the patient optic nerve below a predetermined dose level. |
| US07801270B2 |
Treatment plan optimization method for radiation therapy
A treatment planning method and system for optimizing a treatment plan used to irradiate a treatment volume including a target volume, such as a tumor, is disclosed. In accordance with the present invention, gradients of a cost function that defines a treatment volume are back projected to a surface of interest. The method and system of preferred embodiments of the present invention calculate the gradients with respect to the dose received by the treatment volume. Machine parameters that are associated with the surface of interest may then be optimized based on the back projected gradients. |
| US07801268B1 |
Nondestructive method of measuring a region within an ultra-hard polycrystalline construction
Methods for nondestructively measuring a characteristic within an ultra-hard polycrystalline construction comprises projecting a beam of energy from an emitter onto the construction. The energy is directed to a target region within the ultra-hard polycrystalline construction and passes through the construction where it is received by a detector. The target region can be within a diamond body of the construction, and can relate to an interface between two or more regions within the diamond body. The energy that is received by the detector is evaluated for the purpose of determining the desired measurement characteristic. In an example embodiment, the measured characteristic can be the interface of between two or more regions and the distance from a surface of the construction to the interface. The method can be used to generate an average distance within the construction, and to provide a visual image of the same in a nondestructive manner. |
| US07801267B2 |
Method and system for auto positioning compression mechanism in a mammography system
A method and system for auto positioning a compression mechanism in a mammography imaging system is disclosed herewith. The method comprises: automatically elevating the compression mechanism upon detection of a breast biopsy device. The breast biopsy device can be detected upon connecting the same to the mammography system or can be detected upon noticing the same on the vicinity of the mammography system. The compression mechanism includes: breast compressor, breast holding paddles and paddle holders. |
| US07801265B2 |
System and method for creating mixed image from dual-energy CT data
A system and method for creating a combined or mixed-energy image using both low- and high-energy CT data sets acquired using a dual-energy CT system. The low- and high-energy datasets are mixed using desired weighting factors to mimic a “single-energy” image. The low-energy dataset provides data with improved contrast enhancement, but with increased noise level. The high-energy dataset provides data with lower contrast enhancement, but with better noise properties. By combining the low- and high-energy datasets in accordance with the present method, the resulting mixed-energy images utilize the information of full dose of radiation used in the dual-energy scan. A plurality of weighting metrics can be selected, including patient size, dose partitioning, or image quality, to determine the desired weighting factors based on the weighting metrics. By selecting the proper weight factors, image noise can be reduced and/or the contrast to noise ratio can be increased in the mixed-energy image. |
| US07801263B2 |
Clock divider with a rational division factor
This disclosure can provide methods, apparatus, and systems for dividing an input clock or master clock by an integer or non-integer divisor and generating one or more balanced, i.e., 50% duty cycle, divided that are phase-aligned to the input clock. The non-integer divisors can include half-integers, N/2, e.g. the division can be denoted 2:N. The value of N for each phase-aligned, balanced, divided clock can be distinct. The method can include generating an input clock signal having an input clock frequency, generating a secondary clock signal that transitions between a first state and a second state based on the input clock signal, generating a delayed secondary clock signal that is time delayed relative to the secondary clock signal, and generating the output clock signal that has a frequency that is a non-integer division of the input clock frequency. |
| US07801262B2 |
All digital phase locked loop architecture for low power cellular applications
A novel mechanism that is operative to observe and compare the differentiated phase of the reference and variable PLL loop signals using a frequency detector. The resultant phase differentiated error is then accumulated to yield the phase error. The operation of the loop with the frequency detector is mathematically equivalent to that of the phase detector. A frequency error accumulator is used to generate the integral of the frequency error. The frequency error accumulator also enables stopping the accumulation of the frequency upon detection of a sufficiently large perturbation, effectively freezing the operation of the loop as subsequent frequency error updates are not accumulated. Upon removal of the phase freeze event, accumulation of the frequency error and consequently normal loop operation resumes. |
| US07801261B2 |
Clock recovery from data streams containing embedded reference clock values
A method and an improved apparatus for clock recovery from data streams containing embedded reference clock values controlled clock source includes of a controllable digital fractional divider receiving a control value from digital comparator and a clock input from a digital clock synthesizer driven by a fixed oscillator. |
| US07801256B2 |
Method and apparatus to cancel interference over a group of signals
A system and method for canceling interference over a group of signals. One or more wires in a group of wires are designated to carry one or more reference signals. The one or more reference signals are used to cancel interference from the data carrying signals in the group of signals. Preferably, the one or more reference signals are subtracted from the data carrying signals to cancel interference from the data carrying signals. Analog or digital elements can be used to subtract the one or more reference signals from the data carrying signals. For example, an operation amplifier or a DSP may be used to perform the subtraction. Filters may be used to further adapt the one or more reference signals prior to the subtracting step to optimize interference cancellation. The filters may be either digital or analog. |
| US07801253B1 |
Nonlinear post-processors for channels with signal-dependent noise
A non-linear post-processor for estimating at least one source of signal-dependent noise is disclosed. The post processor may receive a set of preliminary decisions from a sub-optimal detector along with the sampled data signal. The post-processor may then compute the transition jitter and white noise associated with each preliminary decision in the set and assign a cost metric to each decision based on the total signal noise. The post-processor may output the decision with the lowest cost metric as the final decision of the detector. |
| US07801251B2 |
Data recovery system and method thereof
A data recovery system and method is disclosed. Said data recovery system comprises a maximum-likelihood detector, a non-maximum likelihood detector, a decision unit, and a selecting unit. The maximum-likelihood detector transforms a digital signal into a first binary signal. The non-maximum likelihood detector transforms the digital signal into a second binary signal. The decision unit detects a difference between the first binary signal and the second binary signal, and outputs a selecting signal based on the difference. The selecting unit coupled to the maximum-likelihood detector, the non-maximum likelihood detector, and the decision unit selectively outputs the first binary signal or the second binary signal based on the selecting signal. |
| US07801249B2 |
Carrier phase and symbol timing recovery circuit for an ATSC receiver and method of recovering a carrier phase and a symbol timing in received digital signal data
A carrier phase and symbol timing recovery circuit and method may be used for robust synchronization in a broadcasting ATSC receiving system. Carrier phase and symbol timing offsets may be simultaneously adjusted by using redundancy information contained in an ATSC signal spectrum. A desired sampling time instant and carrier phase offset for synchronization may be simultaneously obtained due to correlation between carrier phase and symbol timing detectors. |
| US07801244B2 |
Am to AM correction system for polar modulator
A transmitter includes a polar converter to generate an amplitude signal and a phase signal, which in turn is converted to a frequency signal. The amplitude signal is directed to a compensator and a compensation signal is generated. The compensation signal is combined with the amplitude signal and the combined signal is presented to the power amplifier. The AM to AM conversion is reduced such that the output signal of the power amplifier contains substantially no spurious components. |
| US07801243B2 |
DTV transmitting system and receiving system and method of processing broadcast signal
A DTV transmitting system includes a pre-processor, a block processor, and a trellis encoder. The pre-processor pre-processes enhanced data by expanding the enhanced data at an expansion rate of 1/H. The block processor includes a first converter, a symbol encoder, a symbol interleaver, and a second converter. The first converter converts the expanded data into symbols. The symbol encoder encodes each valid enhanced data bit in the symbols at an effective coding rate of 1/H. The symbol interleaver interleaves the encoded symbols, and the second converter converts the interleaved symbols into enhanced data bytes. The trellis encoder trellis-encodes the enhanced data outputted from the block processor. |
| US07801242B2 |
Frequency domain equalization of communication signals
A system and method for estimating a channel spectrum. The method includes: (a) receiving an input signal from a channel, where the input signal includes one or more major echoes and zero or more minor echoes introduced by the channel; (b) identifying the one or more major echoes present in the input signal; (c) identifying the minor echoes from a filtered autocorrelation function of the input signal in response to a determination that there is only one major echo; (d) identifying the minor echoes from a filtered power spectrum of the input signal in response to a determination that there is more than one major echo; (e) computing a channel spectrum estimate from the major echoes and minor echoes; where the channel spectrum estimate is usable to remove at least a portion of the one or more major echoes and one or more minor echoes from the input signal. |
| US07801237B2 |
Apparatus and method of space time frequency block code
The present invention relates to a transmitter and a transmission method in communication system using three Tx antennas in order to maximize STFBC coding gain. An input symbol sequence is transmitted through a plurality of Tx antennas in a predetermined method. |
| US07801234B2 |
Digital broadcasting system and method
A digital broadcasting system includes: a transmission stream generator multiplexing a normal stream and a turbo stream to generate a dual transmission stream; a transmitter inserting a supplementary reference signal (SRS) into the dual transmission stream, processing the turbo stream to reconstitute the dual transmission stream, and outputting the reconstituted dual transmission stream; and a receiver receiving the reconstituted dual transmission stream and decoding the normal stream and the turbo stream to restore normal stream data and turbo stream data. Thus, reception performance of a digital broadcasting signal can be efficiently improved. |
| US07801231B2 |
Preamble techniques for communications networks
Techniques are disclosed involving preamble sequences. For instance, an apparatus includes a module to provide a preamble sequence having multiple values, where each of the values corresponds to an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) subcarrier. These multiple values may include multiple blocks of values based on a differentially encoded and scrambled row of a Hadamard matrix. The apparatus may further include a modulation module to produce an OFDM modulated signal from the preamble sequence. Further, techniques for the detection of such preambles are disclosed. |
| US07801225B2 |
Bit allocation among carriers in multicarrier communications
A technique is provided that may be employed in multicarrier communications to improve the efficiency of error correction using symbol-oriented error correction methodologies, by reducing the number of error correction code symbols (102, 104 . . . ) that are received in error that result from a single channel error. More specifically, in this technique, bits from the symbols are allocated among the channels in such a way as to minimize the number of respective channels that are allocated bits belonging to more that one respective symbol during a respective transmission period. |
| US07801220B2 |
In-band wavelet video coding with spatial scalability
Exemplary improvements for in-band wavelet video coding with spatial scalability are described. In one implementation an encoder uses leaky prediction to balance a trade-off between reducing drifting errors at lower resolutions while maintaining coding performance at higher resolutions. In an alternative implementation, a trade-off technique defines two coding modes at the macroblock level. The first mode includes predictions employed at a low quality reference while the second mode includes predictions employed at a high quality reference. The method then adaptively selects the proper coding mode for each macroblock according to a rate-distortion criterion. |
| US07801216B2 |
Signal adaptive filtering method, signal adaptive filter and computer readable medium for storing program therefor
A signal adaptive filtering method for reducing blocking effect and ringing noise, a signal adaptive filter, and a computer readable medium. The signal adaptive filtering method capable of reducing blocking effect and ringing noise of image data when a frame is composed of blocks of a predetermined size includes the steps of: (a) generating blocking information for reducing the blocking effect and ringing information for reducing the ringing noise, from coefficients of predetermined pixels of the upper and left boundary regions of the data block when a frame obtained by deconstructing a bitstream image data for inverse quantization is an intraframe; and (b) adaptively filtering the image data passed through inverse quantization and inverse discrete cosine transform according to the generated blocking information and ringing information. Therefore, the blocking effect and ringing noise can be eliminated from the image restored from the block-based image, thereby enhancing the image restored from compression. |
| US07801214B2 |
Method and apparatus for controlling encoding rate and quantization scales
A data processing apparatus able to generate encoded data able to give a high quality decoded image, wherein a Q-calculation circuit specifies a bit rate by which the encoded data is decoded at the time of decoding based on encoded data, then the Q-calculation circuit controls quantization scales of a quantization circuit based on the specified bit rate. |
| US07801212B2 |
Video playing device and control method for setting playing environment thereof
A video playing device includes a TV encoding circuit, a pre-setting circuit, and a video processing circuit. The TV encoding circuit encodes a first picture and generates a VSYNC signal. The pre-setting circuit is electrically connected with the TV encoding circuit, and receives the VSYNC signal to set a pre-setting signal. The pre-setting signal is enabled before the TV encoding circuit encodes a second picture. The video processing circuit is electrically connected with the pre-setting circuit, and receives the pre-setting signal to execute a video setting process for setting the video playing device to play the second picture. The video setting process is completed before the second picture is encoded. The pre-setting signal is adjustable such that the video setting process is completed before the second picture is played. |
| US07801210B2 |
Apparatus and methods for implementing a split equalizer filter for sparse channels
The invention concerns methods and apparatus for performing channel equalization in a direct-sequence spread spectrum communications system. The methods and apparatus of the present invention are particularly applicable in situations where communication occurs over a channel experiencing multipath interference associated with paths having significantly different lengths. The impulse response-delay profile of such a channel is typically sparse, that is, dominated by a relatively few and widely spaced taps or clusters of closely spaced taps. In one aspect, equalization filter coefficients are calculated based on a channel estimate derived from a single cluster of closely-spaced channel taps collectively having the greatest percentage of energy as indicated by the impulse response-delay profile. In another aspect, equalization filter coefficients are calculated for each of two clusters of closely-spaced channel taps, where the two clusters of closely-spaced channel taps are separated by a delay spread indicative of a sparse channel. In a further aspect where channel equalization coefficients are calculated for each of two clusters of closely-spaced channel taps, the equalization coefficients are jointly optimized during the calculation process. |
| US07801201B2 |
Receiver for a CDMA system
A receiver is configured to receive signals corresponding to spread spectrum information symbol streams. The receiver includes a plurality of channel circuits for receiving signals. Each channel circuit is responsive to a received signal for recovering an associated information signal therefrom. The associated information signal is spread by a sequence associated with the respective channel circuit. Each channel circuit is controlled by a clock signal derived by at least a first channel circuit of the plurality of channel circuits. The at least first channel circuit is responsive to the received signal for generating the clock signal by digitally filtering the received signal using digital filter coefficients adapted to the sequence associated with the at least first channel circuit. |
| US07801199B2 |
Vertical cavity surface emitting laser with photodiode having reduced spontaneous emissions
An optical structure that reduces the effects of spontaneous emissions from the active region of a laser. An optical structure includes optimizations to reduce the effects of spontaneous emissions. The optical structure includes a VCSEL with top and bottom DBR mirrors and an active region connected to the mirrors. The optical structure further includes a photodiode connected to the VCSEL. One or more optimizations may be included in the optical structure including optically absorbing materials, varying the geometry of the structure to change reflective angles, using optical apertures, changing the reflectivity of one or more mirrors, changing the photodiode to be more impervious to spontaneous emissions, and using ion implants to reduce photoluminescence efficiency. |
| US07801198B2 |
Surface emitting laser element and method of fabricating the same
A surface emitting laser element includes an active layer and a dielectric multilayer mirror formed with a plurality of dielectric layers having different refractive indices for reflecting a light generated in the active layer. At least one of boundaries between the dielectric layers is formed to have a predetermined surface roughness to obtain a desired target reflectance of the dielectric multilayer mirror. |
| US07801196B2 |
Light source device, lighting device, monitoring device, and image display apparatus
A light source device includes a plurality of first laser emission units and a plurality of second laser emission units for emitting light. The plurality of first laser emission units and the plurality of second laser emission units are disposed on a flat surface. The first laser emission units and the second laser emission units are composed so that a drive for light emission is sequentially switched. Each of the second laser emission units is disposed between the adjoining first laser emission units. |
| US07801193B2 |
Laser diode module with an adjustable monitoring current
A laser diode module with an adjustable monitoring current, wherein the photo diodes monitoring the light-emitting power of the laser diode are arranged in array, and wherein a programmed photo diode is formed by the photo diodes in match of a memory and switch control unit. In this way, the problem of an inconstant monitoring current of the prior art is avoided. Meanwhile, an adjustable monitoring current is achieved. |
| US07801192B2 |
Monitoring method and VCSEL array with monitoring function
VCSEL array with a structure in which vertical cavity surface emitting devices are arranged on a substrate. The VCSEL array includes first and second optical devices. The second optical device receives light that is directed parallel to the substrate and emitted from the first optical device and converts the light into an electric signal when a voltage applied to the second optical device is switched to a reverse bias. The second optical device emits light that is directed parallel to the substrate when a voltage applied to the second optical device is switched to a forward bias. |
| US07801191B2 |
Semiconductor laser device
In a semiconductor laser device, in a case where an emission direction of a laser beam from a semiconductor laser element portion is a front side, a first front end of a first lead is arranged rearward beyond a first rear end of a second heatsink, and a second surface portion of the second heatsink electrically connected to the semiconductor laser element portion is electrically connected to the first front end. |
| US07801189B2 |
Cross modulation-based opto-electronic oscillator with tunable electro-optic optical whispering gallery mode resonator
Examples and implementations of photonic devices and techniques based on whispering gallery mode resonators formed of electro-optic materials to effectuate cross modulation between whispering gallery modes of different polarizations in the resonators. |
| US07801187B2 |
Mode-locked laser device
A mode-locked laser device includes a Fabry-Perot resonator, a mode-locking element disposed within the resonator, a solid-state laser medium disposed within the resonator, and exciting means for applying excitation light to the solid-state laser medium. The opposite ends of the resonator, the mode-locking element and the solid-state laser medium are disposed to provide an average beam diameter of lasing light of not more than 150 μm on the mode-locking element and an average beam diameter of the lasing light of not more than 200 μm within the solid-state laser medium. |
| US07801186B2 |
Light source
A spatial coupling provided between an amplified-light waveguide and an output-light waveguide includes a wavelength selecting element that selectively transmits a light having a desired wavelength band out of a spontaneous emission light generated in the amplified-light waveguide and a lens unit that couples the spontaneous emission light to the wavelength selecting unit. An input-side light reflecting unit provided between a semiconductor pumping laser and the amplified-light waveguide and an output-side light reflecting unit formed on an output side of the spatial coupling unit form a laser resonator. |
| US07801185B2 |
Device control system, method, and apparatus for server-based or peer-to-peer network environments
In a device control system that provides a means for controlling a variety of device types via a unified interface, such as via a handheld controller, a synchronization protocol ensures synchronization between a plurality of such controllers in a peer-to-peer network environment, provides a means for transferring custom configurations between such controllers, and provides a means for migrating such a controller from a peer-to-peer network environment to a server-based network environment and vice-versa. |
| US07801183B2 |
Synchronous transmission over packet based network
A method of transmission over a packet based network including providing data packets to be transmitted on the packet based network during a predetermined time interval and arranging the provided data packets in a transmission block according to desired transmission times of the data packets, such that one or more gaps remain between at least some of the data packets. The method further includes adding padding bytes to the transmission block in a manner which substantially fills the one or more gaps and providing the block for transmission on the packet based network. |
| US07801182B2 |
Transmission data structure, and method and device for transmitting the same
Information relating to a playback of divided static media data included in static media transmission data is stored in static media transmission data previous than the static media transmission data, and transmitted, thereby making it possible to determine whether there is no divided static media data originally or lost when the divided static media data is not received. Accordingly, in the case where static media such as timed text and the like is used in distribution of streaming type, when receiving no static media data, a data receiving apparatus determines whether there is no media data to be next displayed or media data is lost in the course of transmission to notify a user of loss of media data correctly. Moreover, it is possible to reduce time required for packet loss detection to execute a retransmission request without increasing pre-buffering. |
| US07801179B2 |
Radio apparatus and communication system using the same
A control unit produces a packet signal formed by a plurality of streams. While using as a reference a first known signal assigned to one of the plurality of streams and performing a cyclic timing shift within the first known signal on a first known signal assigned to another stream, the control unit performs a timing shift on a second known signal and a control signal also. While setting the amount of timing shift to different values for the first known signal and the second known signal, the control unit sets the amount of timing shift in a manner that the timing shift amount for a control signal contained in the leading combination is equal to that for the first known signal while the timing shift amount for a control signal contained in each of the remaining combinations is equal to that for the second known signal. |
| US07801178B2 |
IEEE 1394 transmitter, IEEE 1394 receiver and audio data content transmission method
There is provided an IEEE 1394 transmitter for transmitting a plurality of audio data contents, having an audio data generator configured to sample the plurality of audio data contents sequentially to generate format data of an audio data content; and an IEEE 1394 transmission controller configured to add an IEEE 1394 header packet to the format data of the audio data content. |
| US07801163B2 |
Buffer management policy for shared memory switches
A method for allocating space among a plurality of queues in a buffer includes sorting all the queues of the buffer according to size, thereby to establish a sorted order of the queues. At least one group of the queues is selected, consisting of a given number of the queues in accordance with the sorted order. A portion of the space in the buffer is allocated to the group, responsive to the number of the queues in the group. A data packet is accepted into one of the queues in the group responsive to whether the data packet will cause the space occupied in the buffer by the queues in the group to exceed the allocated portion of the space. |
| US07801162B2 |
Gateway device, network system and data converting method applied to vehicle using plurality of network protocol different from each other
The present invention relates to a gateway device, a network system and a data converting method using a plurality of network protocols different from each other. A gateway device includes a first communication controller connected to first device via a first bus in accordance with a first network protocol to exchange data with the first device in accordance with the first network protocol, a second communication controller connected to second device via a second bus in accordance with a second network protocol different from the first network protocol to exchange the data with the second device in accordance with the second network protocol, and a control unit interconverting the data in accordance with the first network protocol and the data in accordance with the second network protocol into each other so that the data is exchanged between the first device and the second device. |
| US07801155B2 |
Resource allocation in virtual routers
A router system implements a plurality of virtual routers. Various combinations of resources may be shared by the router system when implementing the virtual routers. In one embodiment, the particular combination of resources to share when implementing the virtual router is user programmable. |
| US07801154B2 |
System and method for automated access of a data management server through a virtual private network
A provider system connects through a virtual private network to a site having various possible virtual private network variants. A virtual private network connection is established to site data management server through a network interface. A virtual machine server, including virtual machines, communicates with the provider system. Each virtual machine is capable of building a virtual private network tunnel connection, over a network, to a site data management server. In establishing a connection, a connection script is executed, a virtual private network is determined, and a virtual private network protocol is executed. |
| US07801147B2 |
Apparatus and method for providing user datagram protocol/internet protocol-based A1 interface in a mobile communication system
A system and method for providing a UDP/IP (User Datagram Protocol/Internet Protocol)-based A1 interface in a mobile communication system are provided, in which a BSC controls an A1 interface connection by an A1 interface message using the UDP/IP as a data link layer protocol during communicating with a MSC, and the MSC controls the A1 interface connection by the A1 interface message using the UDP/IP as the data link layer protocol during communicating with the BSC. |
| US07801146B2 |
Transmission-reception apparatus
A transmission-reception apparatus does not configure ARQ control information from only sequence number, but the transmission-reception apparatus configures the ARQ control information such that the ARQ control information is comprised of one sequence number containing first occurrence of a corresponding packet's error, and bit information representing existence of retransmission requirements about sequence numbers followed on the heels of such the one sequence number. |
| US07801145B2 |
Method for transmitting network packets
A method for transmitting network packets is provided. Reordered network packets received by a receiving end are put into a buffer queue. When a waiting time expires or when a network packet with a sequence number equal to the current transmission sequence number is received, the receiving end picks and transmits appropriate network packets from the buffer queue. Therefore, reordered network packets are sorted and then sent out sequentially, thereby avoiding waste of network bandwidth caused by retransmitting network packets, and improving the transmitting efficiency of the network. |
| US07801143B2 |
System and method for groupcast packet forwarding in a wireless network
A multi-hop wireless network includes an originator node, a proxy node, and at least one other node. The originator node generates a data packet and transmits the data packet to the proxy node. The proxy node receives and forwards to the at least one other node the data packet including an originator node address and a proxy node sequence number for an end-to-end groupcast sequence number. |
| US07801140B2 |
In-line packet processing
A method and device for in-line processing a data packet is provided. The data packet is received at a first buffer. The data packet is divided into a number of cells that are stored in a first queue. For each cell, a cell state code is stored that indicates an address of the corresponding cell in the first queue and an indication of a sequence order of the cell within the data packet. |
| US07801138B2 |
Pseudo wire label reflector, an edge equipment, a two-layer virtual network and a method of providing pseudo wire service
A pseudo wire label reflector, based on a existing label distribution router, further includes: a mode management unit, for determining the mode for switching and transferring a pseudo wire label message; a first session management unit, for saving the support information that LDP signaling session connection supports the pseudo wire label reflecting capacity; a first pseudo wire label receiving unit, for receiving a pseudo wire label message; a first pseudo wire management unit, for saving the switched pseudo wire state and deciding whether to modify the pseudo wire label message according to the switch and transfer mode determined by the mode management unit; a first pseudo wire label sending unit, for sending the pseudo wire label message. The invention also provides an edge apparatus, a L2 VPN and a method for providing pseudo wire service in PSN. The present invention makes PE equipments participating pseudo wire service to set up PSN tunnel and LDP signaling session connection with the pseudo wire label reflector by introducing the pseudo wire label reflector and extending the capacity that the current edge apparatus supports the pseudo wire label reflector. |
| US07801137B2 |
Receiver-based construction of point-to-multipoint trees using path computation elements in a computer network
In one embodiment, a trigger to add a leaf node to a multicast group of a computer network is detected, and the leaf node may determine a root node of the multicast group to request a path between a tunnel tree and the leaf node of the multicast group. In response to the multicast group having an existing tree, a reply is received from the root node with a computed path to add the leaf node to the tree at a selected node of the tree. The leaf node may then be added to the multicast group tunnel tree over the computed path at the selected node. |
| US07801136B2 |
Source routed multicast LSP
Source routed multicast LSP is described herein. In one embodiment, when a first node receives a first packet having a label stack including a plurality of labels compatible with MPLS (multi-protocol label switching), in response to a first label on a top of the label stack, the first packet is duplicated into a second packet. In addition, at least two labels are popped from the top of the label stack of the second packet forming a third packet. Thereafter, the first and third packets are processed based on a label on the top of the label stack of the first and third packets respectively. Other methods and apparatuses are also described. |
| US07801134B2 |
VoIP system, VoIP server and client, and multicast packet communication method
A VoIP system has a VoIP server and plural clients. The client transmits paging data as multicast packets addressed at a specific multicast address, to other clients. In response to a request from the client, the VoIP server transmits multicast packets of MOH data to the other clients. At this time, whether the other clients can receive multicast packets is determined. To the clients that are determined to be capable of receiving multicast packets, transmission data is sent in the form of multicast packets. To the client which belongs to a router and is determined to be incapable of receiving multicast packets, the transmission data is sent as unicast packets. It is thus possible for the VoIP system to support paging and MOH in the form of multicast packets, with respect to clients incapable of receiving multicast. |
| US07801133B2 |
Secure network-routed voice multicast dissemination
Systems and methods are provided for routing voice communications to groups in a voice communication system. The voice communication system can be a mobile communication system having a plurality of members grouped as logical networks and/or unit task organizations. One or more routers are provided in the system. The one or more routers extract routing information from received voice messages. The routing information is used with a router database to determine which identified group to route the digitized voice packets. The one or more routers can be adapted to receive and route voice communications to different radio types across different logical networks. |
| US07801132B2 |
Interface system and methodology having scheduled connection responsive to common time reference
An input interface system for mapping data packets, each comprising a header portion and a payload portion, from at least one source to at least one destination. An interface method and system between asynchronous data packet flows and synchronized switching systems, which utilize a global common time reference. The synchronized switching systems utilize a time frame switching method based on predefined switching schedules that are responsive to a global common time reference, where the global common time reference is divided into a plurality of contiguous periodic time frames. The asynchronous data packet flows are routed according to information contained in the packets' header. The interface method and system maps the header information of the asynchronous data packet flows to respective time frames that match the predefined switching schedule over the synchronized switching system. The interface system can aggregate multiple asynchronous data packet flows into a single pre-defined switching schedule over the synchronized switching system. |
| US07801131B2 |
Method for transmitting data in messages via a communication link of a communication system, as well as a communication module, user of a communication system, and communication system for implementing this method
A method for transmitting data in messages via a communication link of a communication system, as well as a communication module, users of a communication system and a communication system for implementing this method. The messages are transmitted cyclically in specifiable time windows via the communication link, messages sent and to be sent via the communication link initially being stored temporarily in a message memory of a communication module, and the message to be sent or to be received in a current time window being taken from the message memory and sent, or received and stored in the message memory. To improve the real-time capability of the communication module, it is provided that to ascertain the positions of the messages in the message memory, it is searched in advance at regular intervals for, in each instance, a plurality of time windows still following, and as the result of a search run, the positions of the messages to be sent or to be received in the plurality of time windows still following are stored in a buffer assigned to the message memory. Within the course of the actual data transmission, which includes sending or receiving of messages, the buffer is simply accessed, and via the positions stored there, the matching message objects are accessed in the message memory. |
| US07801129B2 |
Method and apparatus for SIP message prioritization
The invention includes a method and apparatus for providing SIP message prioritization between network elements along at least a portion of an end-to-end path between a SIP client and a SIP server. The method includes determining a SIP message prioritization policy and distributing the SIP message prioritization policy toward a prioritizing network element adapted to assign message priority levels to respective received SIP messages using the SIP message prioritization policy, process the received SIP messages according to the respective assigned message priority levels, and transmit the prioritized SIP messages toward at least one network element in a manner for propagating the respective assigned message priority levels to the at least one network element. The prioritizing network elements include SIP network elements and non-SIP network elements. |
| US07801124B2 |
Methods, systems, and computer program products for determining the application-level protocol of a signaling message
Method, systems, and computer program products for identifying the application-level protocol of a signaling message are disclosed. According to one method, a message copied by a network monitoring system is received. The service indicator in the message is examined to determine whether more than one application-level protocol is possible. If more than one application-level protocol is not possible, the application-level protocol is identified based on the service indicator. If more than one application-level protocol is possible, additional message attributes are individually examined to determine whether identification of the application-level protocol is possible based on each attribute. The application-level protocol is identified based on the first attribute for which identification is determined to be possible. |
| US07801122B2 |
Method and apparatus for extending synchronous optical networks
The number of managed network elements within a SONET network is configured to exceed the number addressable elements in a given address area. This is achieved through the use of SONET extension network elements and a special TL1 command message protocol. Any network element that has only one optical path (protected or unprotected) to an adjacent network in the SONET network can become an extension network element. TL1 command messages may be targeted to an extension network element through its only adjacent network element based on the network element's physical port connecting the network element to the extension network element. |
| US07801118B2 |
Fibre channel switching fabric port control
The Fibre Channel standard was created by the American National Standard for Information Systems (ANSI) X3T11 task group to define a serial I/O channel for interconnecting a number of heterogeneous peripheral devices to computer systems as well as interconnecting the computer systems themselves through optical fiber and copper media at gigabit speeds (i.e., one billion bits per second). Multiple protocols such as SCSI (Small Computer Serial Interface), IP (Internet Protocol), HIPPI, ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) among others can concurrently utilize the same media when mapped over Fibre Channel. A Fibre Channel Fabric is an entity which transmits Fibre Channel frames between connected Node Ports. The Fibre Channel fabric routes the frames based on the destination address as well as other information embedded in the Fibre Channel frame header. Node Ports are attached to the Fibre Channel Fabric through links. |
| US07801116B2 |
System, device, and method for providing call forwarding in dual subscription mode
A method and system for providing interworking between a first and a second network of different types, preferably an IMS and a CS (Circuit-Switched) network. A call received by the first network and directed to a terminal unregistered from the first network, is forwarded to the second network, whereas when the call is received by the second network and is directed to a terminal unregistered from the second network, the call is not forwarded to the first network. The same identifier, preferably the same E.164 number, is used in both networks for identifying the called terminal. Preferably, the first network is informed on the registration of the terminal to the second network, the first network using this information as basis for the decision whether or not to route a call to the second network. |
| US07801110B2 |
Efficient detection and/or processing in multi-hop wireless networks
A multi-hop wireless network system is disclosed that includes a plurality of routing nodes configured to route packets transmitted from a source node to a destination node. In the preferred embodiments, the plurality of routing nodes are configured to perform capture and analysis by only a last routing node before the destination node. Among other things, the system and method provides a efficient method for performing intrusion detection or other processing in a multi-hop wireless network. |
| US07801108B2 |
Methods and apparatuses for using mobile GPS receivers to synchronize basestations in cellular networks
Methods and apparatuses for establishing time at a first basestation, and synchronizing the first basestation with other basestations in a cellular network. The method may be performed using a mobile (cellular communication) station that includes a satellite position system receiver. One method comprises determining a location of the mobile station, determining a time indicator that represents a time-of-day at the mobile station, wherein the time indicator is determined relative to a signal available at the first basestation, transmitting at least one of the position information and location, and transmitting the time indicator from the mobile station. The time indicator and at least one of the position information and the location are used to establish a time at the first basestation such that the first basestation is synchronized to other basestations in the cellular communication system. Other methods and apparatuses are also described for synchronizing basestations in a cellular network. |
| US07801101B2 |
Apparatus and method for compensating forward link rain attenuation based on adaptive transmission scheme for interactive satellite transmission system
Provided are a forward link rain attenuation compensating apparatus using an adaptive transmission scheme in an interactive satellite communication system and a method thereof. The apparatus separates the mobile stations into clear-sky mobile stations and mobile stations in the state of rain attenuation and makes the clear-sky mobile stations receive data having a high data transmission efficiency at a high-speed while making the rain attenuation mobile stations receive the data continuously although the data transmit rate is low by making each of the two kinds of mobile stations receive data frames of a different transmission method, and provides a method therefor. The apparatus includes: a resource manager, a transmitting data format converter, a forward modulator, a backward demodulator, a receiving data format converter. |
| US07801099B2 |
Cooperative transceiving between wireless interface devices of a host device with acknowledge priority
A wireless communication device includes a host module. A first wireless interface device transmits a first outbound packet in accordance with a first wireless communication protocol at a first power level and a first rate during a first time interval and that transmits a second outbound packet at a second power level and a second rate during a second time interval, wherein the first power level is less than the second power level and wherein the second rate is less than the first rate. A second wireless interface device transceives data between the host module and a second external device during the second time interval in accordance with a second wireless communication protocol. An antenna section provides at least one radio frequency communication path between the first wireless interface device and the first external device and between the second wireless interface device and the second external device. |
| US07801097B2 |
Setting up of a wireless network by determining and utilizing local topology information
When setting up a wireless network formed of several communication terminals, it is usual for the communication terminals to be devoid of information on local topology. In large wireless mobile environment networks it is advisable to create an independent large-network setup, wherein individual communication terminals which are not yet connected and/or partial networks are integrated. The method enables automatic dynamic, large-network organization, taking into account communication terminals which are not yet connected. This is achieved by exchanging messages between the communication devices to determine local topology information independently and by integrating the thus enhanced isolated individual communication terminals and partial networks. |
| US07801096B2 |
Detecting, reporting and mitigating hidden stations in a wireless data network
A method for automatic hidden node detection that includes observing frame exchange sequences that conform to a MAC standard such as the IEEE 802.11 standard. The method includes detecting a hidden node upon receiving a response frame without previously receiving the frame causing the response. Similar conclusions may be drawn from longer frame sequences. When a hidden node has been detected with reasonable certainty, a hidden node report is sent to a hidden node manager. In one embodiment, the hidden node manager is centralized, and in another, the management function is performed in a distributed manner. Upon receiving a report, the hidden node manager automatically invokes hidden node avoidance measures by sending one or more action frames. In another embodiment, the hidden node manager turns on a hidden node mitigation method. In the case of the IEEE 802.11 standard, the hidden node manager turns on the IEEE 802.11 hidden node mitigation method based on RTS/CTS exchange. |
| US07801094B2 |
Integrated infrastructure supporting multiple wireless devices
Methods and devices for operating a wireless network including redundant communication. Methods involving redundantly connected nodes are discussed including addressing methods and/or methods of creating groups for such redundant communication. The use of primary and secondary redundant connections is discussed. The inclusion of a redundant network in association with a non-redundant network such as a Zigbee® protocol network is discussed. Also, devices for implementing such methods are described. |
| US07801093B2 |
Signal transfer point with wireless signaling link interface
An STP includes a link interface module for performing SS7 signal transfer functions, such as routing messages between SS7 signaling points. A WLAN signaling link interface is operatively associated with the link interface module for sending and receiving SS7 signaling messages over a wireless signaling link. |
| US07801085B1 |
System and method of processing CDMA signals
Methods and apparatus for performing finger de-spreading and MRC combining are provided. A large antenna buffer is used to buffer all the finger signals of the same user so that the receiver can do both de-spreading and MRC at the same time without buffering the de-spreading finger symbols. For each user, a reference time is introduced to align all the finger signals of the same user in the Antenna Buffer. The reference time delay is used to generate the PN codes for de-spreading, as well as to count the number of symbols in a PCG or a frame. Methods for antenna buffer arrangement, interpolating filter implementation, channel estimation and MRC for traffic data channels, timing for the user's finger signal de-spreading and MRC, long code and short code generation for de-spreading, new finger allocation and finger timing adjustment. |
| US07801078B2 |
IP addressing to support IPv4 and IPv6
A broadcast dedicated connection identifier is used for broadcasting certain types of Internet Protocol (IP) control messages to allow proper IP address establishment for IPv4 and IPv6. |
| US07801076B2 |
Allocation of signal-to-noise ratio margin in multi-carrier systems
Allocation of different signal-to-noise margins to different carriers in a multi-carrier system is described. A preferred embodiment comprises assigning signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) margins to carriers in a multi-carrier system, comprises assigning a first SNR margin to a first data service based upon a first service characteristic, assigning a second SNR margin to a second data service based upon a second service characteristic, transmitting data associated with the first data service using the first signal-to-noise margin, and transmitting data associated with the second data service using the second signal-to-noise margin. |
| US07801075B2 |
Method of allocating resource in base station
A base station using multiple antennas receives channel quality information from a terminal so as to allocate uplink/downlink resources to the terminal. Herein, the channel quality information is measured on the basis of a downlink preamble or pilot signal, and may include a received CINR or received signal strength. In addition, the base station predicts a received SINR by using a channel response and channel quality information between the multiple antennas and the terminal, and allocates a resource to the terminal according to the received SINR. |
| US07801073B2 |
Demand-driven prioritized data structure
A system and method for optimizing the efficiency of data sharing among a set of radio nodes in a radio environment is provided. The technique includes identifying a data unit and assigning it a class, identifying a connectivity type, computing a significance factor based on connectivity type and assigned class, mapping the significance factor to a priority factor, and scheduling output of the data unit based on the priority factor. A scheduler algorithm can be used for scheduling output. The class can be assigned based on which nodes of the set of radio nodes possess copies of the data unit at a given time. An arbitration process can be used to determine the priority factor. A significance factor weighting algorithm, based on how many nodes will be receiving the data and on how much a node needs the data, can be used to determine the significance factor. |
| US07801062B2 |
Node detection and ring configuration for physical star connected networks
A novel and useful mechanism for detecting the nodes connected to a network device and for creating a ring network from the nodes detected thereby. The invention simplifies insertion, removal and modification of nodes in the ring by detecting and reconfiguring the S ring without requiring intervention by a user. Identification information messages generated by network devices and sent out on all links and received over a plurality of ports are used in identifying and determining the connectivity and topology of the network devices. The resulting topology information is stored in a node database. The contents of the node database are then used to generate one or more ring networks, wherein each ring generated corresponds to a unique line speed. The connectivity of the one or more rings generated is stored in a ring database and the rings configured therefrom. |
| US07801061B2 |
Seamless spanning tree upgrade of a linecard
Disclosed are methods and apparatus for restarting a first network device having a plurality of ports for receiving and transmitting layer 2 data. The first network device belongs to a network of network devices. When a restart of at least a portion of the first network device is imminent whereby the restarting network device portion can no longer alter a spanning tree protocol (STP) state of one or more of the ports and such ports that remain in a fixed state during the restart are referred to as restarting ports, a current state (such as forwarding) of each restarting port is maintained during the restart under predefined conditions. During the restart, each of the restarting ports of the restarting network device portion cooperate with its peer port of a second non-restarting network device that is a neighbor of the first network device so as to prevent layer 2 loops in the network. |
| US07801057B2 |
Method and apparatus for converting a routing table into a collection of disjoint zones
The present invention discloses a method for analyzing an IP Gateway's Routing Table for identifying sets of IP addresses (“Disjoint Zones”) communicating through the same Gateway, said method comprising the steps of: identify subnets of IP addresses which are directly connected to the Gateway (“directly-connected subnets”) via a network interface card (“NIC”); associate every route in the Routing Table with a NIC; identify and sort the Routing Table's Critical Points, at which the routing decision may change between successive IP addresses, and identifying Disjoint Zones of IP addresses by locating all the Critical Points at which the routing decision in fact changes between successive IP addresses.According to a further option of the present invention, an External Disjoint Zone is identified in accordance with the NIC which is associated with the default route.According to alternative option of the present invention, the External Disjoint Zone is identified in accordance with trust levels as defined by the user.According to additional option of the present invention the users are enabled to identify the Disjoint Zone types in accordance with their preferences using a graphical interface.The method may be reduced to practice in the form of a software program that can be executed on a standard personal computer with a standard operating system. A preferred embodiment is an Intel x86-based PC running the RedHat Linux operating system. |
| US07801056B2 |
Method and apparatus for coordinating a change in service provider between a client and a server with identity based service access management
A method of configuring a network access device connected to an access network connected to a plurality of service networks, the network device having a first network address allocated to a subscriber of services of a first service provider provided by a first service network, with a new network address allocated to a second subscriber of services of either the first service provider, or a second service provider provided by a second service network. The method comprises the steps of: sending a request from the network access device to the access network with user credentials for the second subscriber requesting access to the first service provider or a change to the second service provider; receiving a response from the access network; and initiating a network address change request using a configuration protocol. In this manner, a second network address allocated to the second subscriber of services of either the first or second service providers is assigned to the network access device to enable the network access device to communicate data packets to the service network providing the selected service. |
| US07801055B1 |
Systems and methods for analyzing communication sessions using fragments
Systems and methods for analyzing communication sessions using fragments are provided. In this regard, a representative method includes: delineating fragments of an audio component of a communication session, each of the fragments being attributable to a party of the communication session; and automatically assessing quality of at least some of the fragments such that a quality assessment of the communication session is determined. |
| US07801053B2 |
Method for setting consistent values for a parameter in a network of distributed stations, as well as a network subscriber station for carrying out the method
The invention relates to a method for setting consistent values for a parameter in a network of distributed stations (10 to 14), and to a corresponding network subscriber station.In certain circumstances, it has been found that inconsistent entries can occur for the gap count parameter on the local bus in an IEEE 1394 network. If the bus management instance (25, 26) relies on the automatic behavior, as provided in the Standard, of all the network subscriber stations (10 to 11) to automatically set the maximum value of 63 after the second bus resetting process without any intermediate resetting of this parameter, this can lead to progressive resetting of the network, and this can result in blocking of the network.The problem is solved by immediate transmission of a parameter setting message for the critical network parameter once an inconsistency has been found. Alternatively, two or more successive inconsistency findings will be tolerated, with the parameter setting message not being transmitted until this stage. |
| US07801050B2 |
Remote testing of an electronic device via network connection
An electronic device having logic that allows testing the device via a network interface is disclosed herein. The electronic device comprises the following. The electronic device has testing logic that receives test input signals and generate a test output signal. The electronic device has a network interface that is operable to receive network packets. The electronic device has packet processing logic communicatively coupled to the network interface that is able to determine whether a packet received in the network interface is a packet for testing the apparatus. The packet processing logic extracts test information from packets received on the network interface that are determined to be test packets, and generates the test input signals for the testing logic from the extracted test information. The packet processing logic incorporate test results into network packets based on the test output signal from the testing logic. |
| US07801046B2 |
Method and system for bandwidth control on a network interface card
A method for bandwidth control on a network interface card (NIC), the method that includes initiating a current time period, receiving a plurality of incoming packets for a receive ring, populating, by a NIC, the receive ring with the plurality of incoming packets according to a size of the receive ring during the current time period, wherein the size of the receive ring is based on an allocated bandwidth for the receive ring, and sending, by the NIC, the plurality of incoming packets to a host when a duration of the current time period elapses, wherein the duration is based on the allocated bandwidth for the receive ring. |
| US07801045B2 |
Hierarchical rate limiting with proportional limiting
A network flow controller to manage network traffic bandwidth is described. Embodiments of the network flow controller include a hierarchical flow creditor, a proportional flow creditor, and a rate limiter. The hierarchical flow creditor is configured to manage a plurality of hierarchical credit accounts. The hierarchical credit accounts include a shared credit account associated with a plurality of distinct network traffic flows for a shared bandwidth resource. The proportional flow creditor is configured to track an oversubscription of the shared bandwidth resource by the plurality of distinct network traffic flows. The rate limiter is coupled to the hierarchical flow creditor and the proportional flow creditor. The rate limiter is configured to limit at least one of the distinct network traffic flows based on the oversubscription tracked by the proportional flow creditor. |
| US07801044B2 |
TCP acknowledge for aggregated packet
A method and apparatus according to one embodiment of the invention are operable to detect the accumulation of redundant ACKs (acknowledgment signals) in a queue for streaming data packet units, and to delete a portion of the redundant ACKs to improve transmission efficiencies. In one embodiment, only the most relevant ACK is kept before the ACKs are processed for transmission. In an alternate embodiment, a ratio of defined that limits the maximum number of redundant ACKs that may be deleted. This ratio is based upon a transmission window size. The teachings of the present disclosure may also be applied to flow control in a more general sense in which a plurality of redundant signals responses are being transmitted after being aggregated. |
| US07801043B2 |
Method and apparatus for admission control and resource tracking in a wireless communication system
A method and apparatus for admission control and resource tracking in a wireless communication system are disclosed. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) and a base station maintain parameters for admission control including parameters for the amount of time available for admission of traffic of each access category and for the amount of time available for admission of all access categories and parameters for admitted time and used time for the WTRU. Upon receipt of an admission request for a traffic stream from the WTRU, the base station determines whether to accept or deny the request based on the medium time for the requested traffic stream and the available time for the access category and total available time. The base station tracks the actually transmitted time by the WTRU, reclaims the unused time and returns the reclaimed time to either a common pool or to the WTRU as needed. |
| US07801042B2 |
Maximum lifetime routing in wireless ad-hoc networks
Routing techniques are provided that meet performance objectives associated with an ad-hoc network environment and the like. The techniques of invention serve to substantially maximize the lifetime of the network. In one aspect of the invention, a packet routing technique for use in a node of a distributed network comprises the following steps/operations. Queues for storing packets are maintained, wherein at least one queue is associated with a link existing between the node and a neighboring node, and a queue has a height associated therewith. A route is then determined for one or more packets stored in the queues based on heights of queues at neighboring nodes, such that energy constraints associated with the node and the neighboring nodes are substantially maximized. As mentioned, the distributed network is preferably a mobile ad-hoc network wherein the node and the at least one neighboring node communicate over a wireless link. |
| US07801040B1 |
Node registration technique implemented in access networks
In one embodiment a technique is disclosed for facilitating communication between nodes and a head end of an access network including a head end, at least one shared access upstream channel and at least one downstream channel. A first insertion rate estimate is determined. In at least one embodiment, the first insertion rate estimate may relate to an estimated number of nodes attempting to sign-on to the access network during one or more time interval(s). In at least one embodiment, a frequency of occurrence of initial maintenance opportunities available to a first plurality of network nodes may be dynamically adjusted, for example, using data relating to the first insertion rate estimate. According to one embodiment where the access network corresponds to a cable network, the head end of the cable network may be operable to sign on at least 40,000 cable modems within a time interval of not more than 300 seconds. |
| US07801035B2 |
Service parameter interworking method
To achieve a transparent service parameter exchange between networks using a circuit-oriented protocol and networks using a packet-oriented protocol, there is provided a service parameter interworking method adapted to achieve a service parameter exchange between the networks by mapping circuit-switched service parameters into related packet-switched parameters or vice versa and then forwarding payload data between the different networks using the mapping result. |
| US07801033B2 |
System of virtual data channels in an integrated circuit
This disclosure relates to a system of communicating, data within an integrated circuit. Multiple components, or channels, can share common physical communication lines between elements within the system. In some aspect, only one component can access the physical lines at a given time and a selection device chooses which component is active on the physical lines and makes the appropriate connection to the lines. The selection and connection can be completed without requiring or reporting information to the components, and is thus transparent. |
| US07801030B1 |
Technique for using OER with an ECT solution for multi-homed spoke-to-spoke sites
A technique dynamically creates and utilizes a plurality of multi-homed Virtual Private Network (VPN) tunnels from a client node of one spoke network to a client node of another spoke network in a computer network. According to the technique, a VPN client node, e.g., a “spoke,” creates at least one VPN tunnel with an enterprise network, e.g., a “hub.” Once the spoke-to-hub tunnel is established, the spoke may dynamically create a plurality of VPN tunnels with a peer spoke network, e.g., a “peer spoke.” The spoke designates (e.g., for a prefix) one of the tunnels as a primary tunnel and the other tunnels as secondary tunnels, and monitors the quality (e.g., loss, delay, reachability, etc.) of all of the dynamic tunnels, such as, e.g., by an Optimized Edge Routing (OER) process. The spoke may then dynamically re-designate any one of the secondary tunnels as the primary tunnel for a prefix based on the quality of the tunnels to the peer spoke. Notably, the spoke may also dynamically load balance traffic to the peer spoke among the primary and secondary tunnels based on the quality of those tunnels. |
| US07801029B2 |
System for selecting routes for retransmission in a network
A system and method for selecting a route, from within the set of network routes between the source and destination end-points, for retransmission of information initially sent via a suspected failed route such that the selected route has a minimum number of network components in common with the suspected failed route. In one aspect, the routes between source and destination end-points are grouped into a route set and placed in order in a circular list by the destination end-point. When the source end-point deems it necessary to retransmit information sent via a suspected failed route, it selects the next acceptable route following the suspected failed route from the circular list. The circular list order is determined such that adjacent routes have few common network components. |
| US07801025B2 |
Method and system for implementing standby
A system and a method for improving communication reliability include: in normal working status, an access layer device communicating with a user terminal through a primary working link; when a failure of the primary working link between the access layer device and the user terminal is detected, switching the working link to a standby working link established by the AMDF. Using the scheme above, port standby of a line card and line card standby are implemented, and the intermitting time for serving is shortened, thus the system reliability is improved. In addition, the frame of the scheme is explicit, and the implementation is simple. |
| US07801024B2 |
Restoring aggregated circuits with circuit integrity checks in a hierarchical network
A system and method is disclosed that assures component circuits transported in aggregated circuits restore correctly after an aggregated circuit fault. The system and method implements component circuit tail segment integrity checks whenever an aggregated circuit is restored in a higher level of a network hierarchy. Switches at both ends of an aggregated circuit perform circuit integrity checks of the tail segments of every component circuit. A failure of the component circuit integrity check on any component circuit causes that component circuit to be released and restored end-to-end. |
| US07801020B2 |
Mobile channel estimation algorithm for DVB-H COFDM demodulator
A mobile channel estimation algorithm is disclosed, for use in a DVB-H coded OFDM demodulator. The mobile channel estimation algorithm estimates the mobile channel transfer function, overcoming many of the delay spread limitations without using time filtering and without having to collect many OFDM symbols. Once the channel estimate has been found for each symbol, equalization and inter-carrier-interference cancellation may be carried out relatively easily using known methods. The mobile channel estimation algorithm may be used in DVB-H as well as in other areas of OFDM. |
| US07801018B2 |
Diversity receiver, and method for receiving orthogonal frequency division multiplex signal
A diversity receiver capable of stably receiving an orthogonal frequency division multiplex signal, wherein a demodulator is so operated that the attenuation of the received signal is varied step by step every time a period corresponding to a guard interval section comes if it is determined that the reception level is increased by switching the attenuation in any one of variable attenuators, and the demodulator is so operated that the variable attenuator designated by an antenna control pointer is changed and the attenuation is varied if it is determined that the variable attenuator designated by an antenna control pointer is identical with the variable attenuator designated by an antenna fixing pointer. |
| US07801017B2 |
Communication system for improved cross talk estimation and method thereof
The present invention relates to a communication system for improved crosstalk estimation and method thereof. The communication system may include a vectoring group and a central office. The vectoring group includes a plurality of first communication lines and at least one second communication line. The plurality of first communication lines is a different type of communication line from the at least one second communication line. The central office is configured to assign the pilot sequences to each communication line within the plurality of first communication lines according to a first constraint. The central office is also configured to delay sending a sync flag in response to a request until a flag sequence of the at least one second communication line satisfies a second constraint. The assigned pilot sequences and sent flag sequences are orthogonal to each other based on the first and second constraints. |
| US07801009B2 |
Optical head device and diffractive element, optical information apparatus, computer, disc player, car navigation system, optical disc recorder, and vehicle
In an optical head device responding to optical disc of different track pitches, an effect of both obtaining the tracking error signal by the optimum DPP method using a single diffractive element and suppressing the lowering amount in the amplitude of the tracking error signal in a state the object lens is moved by track following is obtained. In the optical head device, the grating phase of left and right regions of a sub-beam generating diffractive element differ from each other by 180 degrees. A central region of the sub-beam generating diffractive element has a grating pattern different from the left and right regions, and is divided into a plurality of regions to form different gratings different from each other. |
| US07801004B2 |
Method of error correction for a series of marks on an optical disc
A series of marks on an optical disc are sampled to yield a series of data pulses. The marks are at least substantially angularly equidistant to one another on the optical disc. A function is performed on the series of data pulses to yield an error-corrected series of data pulses. The function is one of: frequency domain filtering, signal averaging, and signal integration. |
| US07800998B2 |
Optical disk and optical disk drive
An optical disk apparatus for suppressing a DSV and performing R-OPC. An encoding/decoding circuit inserts a synchronization information item to a head of a synchronous frame once when data are recorded on an optical disk. First, the encoding/decoding circuit inserts synchronization information as a mark or a space on the basis of a DSV. When the polarity of the first synchronization information item is a mark, the polarity of a next synchronization information item is also set on the basis of the DSV. When the polarity of the first synchronization information is a space, the polarity of the next synchronization information is set to a mark. R-OPC is performed at a timing when the polarity of the synchronization information is a mark. |
| US07800995B2 |
Method and apparatus for controlling reproduction speed of an optical disk
A method and apparatus for controlling reproduction speed of an optical disk are provided. The method for controlling reproduction speed of an optical disk includes checking whether a read command has been received, and examining whether the received read command is intended for performance evaluation based on the number of backward track jumps of a laser beam irradiated on the optical disk. The method and apparatus for controlling reproduction speed of an optical disk provide designed read performance when an external host executes a performance test. |
| US07800989B2 |
Disc-driving apparatus and method for controlling the same
A disc-driving apparatus has an optical pickup including an objective lens. The objective lens has an optical axis that is met on a line excluding a central axis of revolution of a disc. The apparatus has storage device that stores plural correction values obtained by detecting fluctuations in amplitude of a tracking error signal with respect to a radial direction of the disc or a quantity of de-tracking with respect to the radial direction thereof. The apparatus has control device that reads the correction value from the storage device and, when the optical pickup is operating, corrects the tracking error signal to conduct servo control based on the corrected tracking error signal. |
| US07800988B2 |
Optical recording using secondary tracking method
The present invention is embodied in a method for storing computer readable data on a removable storage medium, including using a first wavelength to write data to the removable storage medium, using a second wavelength to maintain radial tracking on the removable storage medium, wherein the second wavelength is shorter than the first wavelength, and maintaining axial tracking on the removable storage medium with at least one of the first wavelength or the second wavelength. |
| US07800987B2 |
Optical pickup driving apparatus and optical pickup beam spot positioning method
In an optical pickup driving apparatus and method, a moving device is controlled when an objective lens is moved toward a recording surface and it is detected that the voltage of the focus error signal has reached a slice level voltage H corresponding to displacement of predetermined magnitude from a reference potential E. The objective lens is moved toward the recording surface by a maximum of an upper limit of a predetermined amount of movement and when the amount of movement of the objective lens reaches the predetermined amount of movement, so as to move the objective lens away from the recording surface. And when it is detected during a period of backward movement of the objective lens, that the voltage of the focus error signal has reached the second slice level voltage H corresponding to displacement of predetermined magnitude from the reference potential E, control of beam spot positioning is performed so as to focus an optical spot. |
| US07800981B2 |
High efficiency portable seismograph for measuring seismic tremor
Portable seismograph (1) comprising a support and containment structure (2), a bottom portion (3) of which is made of a material having a seismic impedance value ranging between 2×105 and 4×106 kg/m2s, three sensors (4) placed orthogonally to one another, each comprising at least one electrodynamic or capacitive transducer and, attached to the bottom portion (3), a level (11) to position the support and containment structure horizontally, a control unit (5) connected to the sensors (4) for viewing, managing the acquisition mode, recording and processing the data, a power source (9), and means for coupling to the ground (12; 21) designed not perturb the seismic tremor detectable by the sensors (4). |
| US07800977B2 |
Pre-stack combining of over/under seismic data
The present invention provides a method for pre-stack combining of over/under seismic data. The method includes determining a calibration filter using a first pre-stack marine seismic data set acquired at a first depth and a second pre-stack marine seismic data set acquired at a second depth, wherein the second depth is greater than the first depth and determining a third data set based upon the first pre-stack marine seismic data set, the second pre-stack marine seismic data set, and the calibration filter. |
| US07800973B2 |
Semiconductor memory device using only single-channel transistor to apply voltage to selected word line
A semiconductor memory device has a memory cell array, a first transistor of a first conductivity type, a second transistor of a second conductivity type and a third transistor of the first conductivity type. A source or drain of the first transistor is connected to each of word lines. A drain of the second transistor is connected to a gate of the first transistor. A source of the third transistor is connected to the gate of the first transistor. The gates of the second transistor and the third transistor are not connected, a source of the second transistor is not connected to a drain of the third transistor, and the gate of the second transistor and the drain of the third transistor have different voltage levels corresponding to opposite logic levels each other. |
| US07800968B2 |
Symmetric differential current sense amplifier
A reference current integrator and a sensed current integrator are coupled to form a differential sense amplifier. The differential sense amplifier is coupled to receive a bitline current signal from a flash memory, and the reference current integrator is coupled to receive a current signal from a reference memory cell. The differential current integrating sense amplifier is also used for instrumentation, communication, data storage, sensing, biomedical device, and analog to digital conversion. |
| US07800964B2 |
Wafer burn-in test circuit
A wafer burn-in test circuit includes an address toggle signal generating unit for generating an address toggle signal in response to address signals having a constant time period, a reset signal generating unit for receiving a wafer burn-in mode activation signal, the address signals, and a reset determination signal among the address signals and then generating a reset signal, a refresh test mode signal generating unit for receiving the address toggle signal and the reset signal and then generating a refresh test mode signal, and a refresh period signal generating unit for receiving the address toggle signal and the refresh test mode signal and then generating a refresh period signal. |
| US07800961B2 |
Word line driver and semiconductor memory device having the same
A word line driver for use in a semiconductor memory device includes a boosted voltage generator, a sub word line driver and a main word line driver. The boosted voltage generator generates a boosted voltage by receiving an internal power supply voltage and pumping electric charge. The sub word line driver receives the internal power supply voltage and activates a boosted voltage control signal after supplying the internal power supply voltage to a boost node in a command operating mode. The main word line driver enables a word line by supplying the boosted voltage to the boost node in response to the boosted voltage control signal in a normal operating mode, and enables the word line with the boosted voltage after boosting the word line to the internal power supply voltage by changing the boost node from the internal power supply voltage to the boosted voltage in the command operating mode. |
| US07800958B2 |
Voltage generating unit of semiconductor memory device
A voltage generating unit of a semiconductor memory device makes it possible to reduce a peak current value when generating a high voltage. The voltage generating unit of the semiconductor memory device includes a detecting unit configured to detect a voltage level of a high voltage by comparing a reference voltage with a fed-back high voltage, an oscillating unit configured to generate a plurality of clock signals with different operation time points on the basis of an output signal of the detecting unit, and a plurality of pumping units configured to generate the high voltage according to pumping control signals based on the clock signals. |
| US07800957B2 |
Data output circuit in semiconductor memory apparatus
A data output circuit in a semiconductor memory apparatus includes a first data driving unit configured to generate a first driving data at a first timing, a first buffering unit configured to generate a first output data by buffering the first driving data, a second data driving unit configured to generate a second driving data at a second timing that is different from the first timing, and a second buffering unit configured to generate a second output data by buffering the second driving data. |
| US07800956B2 |
Programming algorithm to reduce disturb with minimal extra time penalty
Programming time is reduced in a non-volatile memory in a multi-pass programming process. In a first programming pass, high state cells are programmed by a sequence of program pulses to identify fast and slow high state cells, while lower state cells are locked out from programming. Once identified, the fast high state cells are temporarily locked out from programming while the slow high state cells continue being programmed to their final intended state. Further, the program pulses are sharply stepped up to program the slow high state cells. In a second programming pass, the fast high state cells are programmed along with the other, lower state cells, until they all reach their respective intended states. A time savings is realized compared to approaches in which all high state cells are programmed in the first programming pass. |
| US07800951B2 |
Threshold voltage digitizer for array of programmable threshold transistors
A system includes a voltage generator, current sensing amplifiers, and a control module. The voltage generator outputs a first voltage, which is generated based on received codewords, to a first word line that communicates with N transistors each having programmable threshold voltages, where N is an integer greater than 1. The current sensing amplifiers sense currents through the N transistors via N bit lines, respectively, and generate control signals when current through a corresponding one of the N transistors is greater than or equal to a predetermined current. The control module generates measured values of the threshold voltages of the N transistors by compensating the ones of the codewords based on at least one of a position of the corresponding ones of the N transistors and a temperature. |
| US07800949B2 |
Memory and method for programming the same
A method for programming a memory is provided. The memory includes multiple rows of memory cells each including two half cells. The method includes the following steps. Whether the two half cells of a to-be-programmed memory cell of the nth row memory cells are both needed to be programmed or not is determined, wherein n is a positive integer. If the two half cells of the to-be-programmed memory cell are both needed to be programmed, a first initial programming bias voltage corresponding to the nth row memory cells is applied to program the to-be-programmed memory cell. Otherwise, a second initial programming bias voltage corresponding to the nth row memory cells is applied to program the to-be-programmed memory cell. The second initial programming bias voltage is higher than the first initial programming bias voltage. |
| US07800947B2 |
Multiple select gates with non-volatile memory cells
Multiple select gates in association with non-volatile memory cells are described. Various embodiments include multiple select gate structure, process, and operation and their applicability for memory devices, modules, and systems. In one embodiment a memory array is described. The memory array includes a number of select gates coupled in series to a number of non-volatile memory cells. A first select gate includes a control gate and a floating gate electrically connected together and a second select gate includes a control gate and a floating gate which are electrically separated by a dielectric layer. |
| US07800940B2 |
Semiconductor memory device and writing method thereof
A semiconductor memory device includes a phase-change memory and has high compatibility with DRAM interface. The memory cell array includes a memory cell that includes a phase-change element provided at the intersection of a bit line and word line. A write address and data accompanying a write request are temporarily held in a write address register and a data register respectively, and a write operation is not performed on the memory cell array in this cycle of write request. And when a next write request occurs, the held data is written to the memory cell array. At this time, two write cycles—RESET cycle and SET cycle—are provided. Then the written contents of the memory cell and the rewrite data are compared, and after only SET cells are temporarily RESET (amorphization, increasing the resistance), it is operated so as to write only SET data (crystallization, lowering the resistance). |
| US07800939B2 |
Method of making 3D R/W cell with reduced reverse leakage
A method of making a nonvolatile memory device includes forming a semiconductor diode steering element, and forming a semiconductor read/write switching element. |
| US07800938B2 |
Oscillating current assisted spin torque magnetic memory
A memory unit having a spin torque memory cell with a ferromagnetic free layer, a ferromagnetic pinned layer and a spacer layer therebetween, with the free layer having a switchable magnetization orientation with a switching threshold. A DC current source is electrically connected to the spin torque memory cell to cause spin transfer torque in the free layer. An AC current source is electrically connected to the spin torque memory cell to produce an oscillatory polarized current capable of spin transfer torque via resonant coupling with the free layer. |
| US07800933B2 |
Method for using a memory cell comprising switchable semiconductor memory element with trimmable resistance
A nonvolatile memory cell comprising a diode formed of semiconductor material can store memory states by changing the resistance of the semiconductor material by application of a set pulse (decreasing resistance) or a reset pulse (increasing resistance.) In preferred embodiments, set pulses are applied with the diode under forward bias, while reset pulses are applied with the diode in reverse bias. By switching resistivity of the semiconductor material of the diode, a memory cell can be either one-time programmable or rewriteable, and can achieve two, three, four, or more distinct data states. |
| US07800929B2 |
Control method for PWM cyclo-converter by selectively turning on a two-way semiconductor switch and controller
A control method for a PWM cyclo-converter is provided in which a voltage can be accurately generated even when a voltage command is small.In the PWM cyclo-converter, the turning on and off operations of two-way semiconductor switch are repeated at intervals of short time. As switching patterns, within the intervals of short time, a first terminal of output side terminals outputs in order a maximum potential phase P, an intermediate potential phase M and the maximum potential phase N, a second terminal of the output side terminals outputs in order the maximum potential phase P, the intermediate potential phase M, a minimum potential phase N, the intermediate potential phase M and the maximum potential phase P, and a third terminal of the output side terminals outputs in order the intermediate potential phase M, the minimum potential phase N and the intermediate potential phase M. |
| US07800928B1 |
Method of operating a resonant inverter using zero current switching and arbitrary frequency pulse width modulation
A method of controlling a series-resonant, half-bridge inverter includes turning off the bottom switch and turning on the top switch the inverter when the current through the resonant inductor crosses the zero axis while the current is increasing, thereby insuring zero voltage switching of the inverter switches and increases the overall switching period so that the actual inverter frequency is closer to the resonant frequency of the series-resonant circuit. Using an on-time control circuit, the method further includes controlling the current delivered to the load (such as a gas discharge lamp) by varying the on-time of the top inverter switch. |
| US07800926B2 |
Method of controlling a three level converter
A system and method are disclosed for controlling an inverter to provide an alternating inverter voltage to a load for a transition in which a change in active power (P) and/or reactive power (Q) within a transition time (Ttr) is carried out. The method includes converting a direct current voltage (Udc) into an alternating inverter voltage (Vinv) with a basic frequency (ω); and selecting a transition time Ttr for a change in active power (P) and/or reactive power (Q) within a load to be supplied the alternating inventor voltage. To address DC offsets, the transition time Ttr is chosen such that in an equation which is a function of the fundamental period of the basic frequency and the target phase angle after the transition between the inverter voltage Vinv and the load voltage Vn, a variable k is a small integer number between 1-8. |
| US07800920B2 |
Support and extension rail assembly
A housing assembly and a support rail and extension rail assembly for an electrical switching apparatus includes various components. The support rail assembly is, preferably, a cast plate-like body wherein selected components, such as a levering in mechanism lug and support rails are formed as part of the casting. The extension rail assembly includes a generally flat, elongated body having a finger notch that is sized to accommodate a gloved hand and a mounting slot. The extension rail assembly is coupled to the support rail assembly by a pivotal mounting that extends through the mounting slot. The extension rail further includes a lateral extension. The housing assembly includes an L-shaped cutout having a horizontal portion and a descending vertical portion. When the extension rail is in a storage, or first, position, the lateral extension is disposed in the L-shaped cutout. |
| US07800919B2 |
Programmable routing module
A programmable routing module is disclosed for interconnecting field wiring with a control system. The routing module includes a field connection to connect field signals from a controlled process to the routing module, an I/O connection to connect I/O signals from the control system to the routing module, and a configurable interconnection system that selectively couples particular field and I/O signals with one another. |
| US07800909B2 |
Lamp base having a heat sink
A lamp base having a heat sink is connected to a bulb having two electrodes. The lamp base includes a heat sink, a first electrically conductive piece, a second electrically conductive piece, and leads. The heat sink comprises a heat-dissipating base formed with a trough for accommodating the bulb therein. The first electrically conductive piece is fixed in the trough and is electrically connected to an electrode of the bulb. The second electrically conductive piece is fixed in the trough and is electrically connected to the other electrode of the bulb. The second electrically conductive piece is electrically insulated from the first electrically conductive piece. The leads are electrically connected to the first electrically conductive piece and the second electrically conductive piece respectively. With the heat sink dissipating the heat generated by the bulb, the lamp base has extended lifetime. |
| US07800901B2 |
Power supply cooling apparatus and configuration
An improved system for cooling a power supply of a welding or plasma cutting system, and an improved configuration of a power supply. The system cools achieves the improvement in configuration and cooling by mounting electrical components to a circuit board and then to a heat sink. Electrical components are also mounted to a common panel that improves the circulation of air. A central panel supporting the power supply heat sink and components allows a smaller and more compact design while maintaining proper temperatures. Electromagnet cooling is improved by modifying electromagnetic cores to conduct heat to the heat sink, and by the use of thermally conducting polymers. |
| US07800900B1 |
Cold row encapsulation for server farm cooling system
Apparatuses, methods, and systems directed to efficient cooling of data centers. Some embodiments of the invention allow encapsulation of cold rows through an enclosure and allow server fans to draw cold air from the cold row encapsulation structure to cool servers installed on the server racks. In other particular embodiments, the systems disclosed can be used to mix outside cool air into the cold row encapsulation structure to cool the servers. In some embodiments, the present invention involves using a hookup clip to secure the top or bottom crossbar of the cold row encapsulation structure with the top or bottom crossbar of the server rack. |
| US07800894B2 |
Data storage device enclosures, a midplane, a method of manufacturing a midplane and modules
A data storage device enclosure for housing one or more data storage devices is disclosed. The enclosure has housed therein a plurality of modules, at least one of the modules being a power supply module and at least one of the modules being an electronics module. Each module has a first dimension of substantially n*w and a second dimension of substantially m*h, where n and m are integers that may be different for each module, wherein w=(the width of the enclosure WE/an integer between 1 and 6 inclusive) and h=(the height of the enclosure HE/an integer), w, h, WE and HE each being measured in the same plane. The first dimension of said electronics module is twice the first dimension of said power supply module. |
| US07800888B2 |
Motor control center subunit having visible contact disconnection and method of manufacture
A motor control center subunit includes a subunit housing configured to fit within a motor control center. The housing has a front panel. The motor control center subunit also includes a drive mechanism attached to the subunit housing. The drive mechanism is configured to control a plurality of line connectors to move between a retracted position and an extended position when the subunit housing is seated in the motor control center and the front panel of the subunit housing is in a closed position. A window is disposed in the front panel of the subunit housing and is positioned to provide a view of the plurality of line connectors. |
| US07800882B2 |
Electrostatic shield and method of fabricating the same
An electrostatic shield (10) for use in a portable electronic device (A or B) includes a base (12), a conductive layer (14), and an electroplate layer (16). The conductive layer is formed on the base. The electroplate layer is formed on the conductive layer and defines an aperture (162) therethrough. A portion of the conductive layer is revealed/exposed through the electroplate layer via the aperture. A method for fabricating the electrostatic shield is also provided. |
| US07800878B2 |
Power supply control circuit, and electronic control device, power supplying circuit, and power control integrated circuit equipped with power supply control circuit
A power supply control circuit is configured including a MOS-FET 61 connected between a DC power supply 10 and a load circuit 31 so that a body diode D300 formed between the drain and the source is in a forward direction; and a holding circuit 62 for maintaining the ON state of the MOS-FET 61 for a predetermined time when the power supply from the DC power supply 10 is stopped; where heat generation of the switching element by the surge voltage is suppressed when the surge voltage is generated to prevent breakdown of the switching element while preventing breakdown of internal circuits with respect to reverse connection of the power supply. |
| US07800875B2 |
Multi-level electronic protection system providing safe fault recovery for multiple digital control outputs
An over-current electronic protection system includes a first solid state reversibly interruptible electronic switch including first output control logic and first controlled output channels controlled by the first control logic. The first output control logic reversibly interrupts power at any output channel when their current exceed limits. The system includes a second solid state reversibly interruptible electronic switch including second control logic and second controlled outputs. A power supply input of the second switch is coupled to one of the first controlled output channels to receive the power. The second controlled outputs provide power to loads under normal operating conditions and reversibly interrupt the power for second output channels when their current exceeds limits. A CPU having is coupled to the second output channels and external inputs of the second switches via an isolation device to provide a supervisory and monitoring function. |
| US07800873B2 |
Ground fault circuit interruptor (GFCI) device having safe contact end-of-life condition and method of detecting same in a GFCI device
A ground fault circuit interrupting device detects an end-of-life condition. A ground fault detecting circuit detects a fault condition and controllably operates a switching device to energize a circuit interrupting device. An end-of-life detecting circuit detects a failure of the circuit interrupting device to open after detection of the fault condition, and activates a secondary circuit to energize the circuit interrupting device. |
| US07800870B2 |
Power protection apparatus and electronic control unit
A power protection apparatus including: a switch unit connected in series in a power supply line from a power source to a DC regulator; a first short-circuit detector for detecting a short circuit based on an output voltage value of the DC regulator obtained by making the switch unit conductive for predetermined time and, after that, interrupting the switch unit; a second short-circuit detector for detecting a short circuit based on a value of current flowed in the switch unit when the switch unit is conductive; and a switch interrupting unit, when a short circuit is detected by the second short-circuit detector, for forcedly interrupting the switch unit regardless of a state of the switch unit controlled by the first short-circuit detector. |
| US07800865B2 |
Disc drive head actuator
A disc drive head actuator includes a suspension structure and a slider integrated with the suspension structure. The actuator is one of at least two actuator assemblies batch-fabricated on a common substrate. The head actuator may be fabricated using mircofabrication techniques. The head actuator may have a reduced size, including package height relative to conventionally manufactured disc drives. Using mircofabrication and/or batch fabrication techniques provides reduced tolerances, which allows for increased actuation forces and/or reduced power consumption. Some embodiments include four-bar linkage actuators, which increase lateral stiffness of the actuator, allowing for a precise motion of the head relative to a media surface. |
| US07800864B2 |
Actuator latch apparatus having protrusion insertedly coupled to counterbalance for disk drive
An actuator latch apparatus for a disk drive, having a notch positioned at a first end portion of the swing arm, a latch lever rotatably installed in a base member, a first core provided on a second end portion of the swing arm, and a second core provided at a counterbalance of the latch lever. The first and second cores apply a torque to the swing arm and latch lever, respectively, in a first direction by a magnetic force of the magnet. The latch lever has a latch pivot, a latch arm provided at a first side of the latch pivot and having a hook to be caught by the notch when the actuator is locked, and the counterbalance provided on a second side of the latch pivot. The latch arm of the latch lever is elastically deformed when contacted by the swing arm during parking of the head. |
| US07800856B1 |
Disk drive flushing write cache to a nearest set of reserved tracks during a power failure
A disk drive is disclosed comprising a head actuated over a disk having a plurality of data tracks and a first and second set of reserved tracks, wherein the first set of reserved tracks are located at a first radial location, and the second set of reserved tracks are located at a second radial location different than the first radial location. A write command is received from a host, wherein the write command comprises user data which is stored in a cache memory. When a power failure is detected, whether the head is nearer to the first or second set of reserved tracks is determined, and then the head is positioned to the nearest of the first and second set of reserved tracks. The user data stored in the cache memory is written to the reserved tracks, and the head is unloaded onto a ramp. |
| US07800850B2 |
Lens driving device, lens barrel, optical apparatus, and method for assembling lens driving device
A lens driving device is provided that moves a lens support frame in an optical-axis direction through a rack engaging with a feed screw functioning as an output shaft of a driving unit. The rack includes a main rack tooth engaging with the feed screw and a pressing portion facing and elastically holding the feed screw through an urging portion. The pressing portion includes a guiding section for guiding a pressing tooth of the pressing portion to a predetermined regular engagement position in incorporating the feed screw even when the pressing tooth facing and holding the feed screw in the rack of the lens driving device is inclined inward. |
| US07800848B2 |
Temperable lens, especially for microscopes
The invention is directed to a temperature-controllable objective, particularly for microscopes and other optical equipment, which comprises a main barrel as the main component part of the objective. The main barrel contains at least one correction mount, cylinder sleeves, mounting rings, carrier rings and/or adjusting rings, and imaging optical elements. In order to control the temperature, at least one structural component part of the objective or an element arranged between structural component parts of the objective is constructed as a temperature-controllable element or as a temperature-controllable foil which is connected (not shown) by leads to a device for monitoring temperature. Further, a temperature gauge or temperature sensor is arranged in the objective and is likewise connected to the device for monitoring temperature. |
| US07800847B2 |
Optical element module and image pickup device
An optical element module includes an optical element, and a plurality of actuator elements. In the module, the plurality of actuator elements are arranged such that a direction of width of the oblong strip shape of the plurality of actuator elements is a direction of the optical axis and such that a direction of thickness of the plurality of actuator elements is perpendicular to the optical axis , another end part in a direction of length of the plurality of actuator elements is fixed such that one end part in the direction of length of the plurality of actuator elements is displaced by the bending to move the optical element, and at least one actuator element A of the plurality of actuator elements is disposed such that a direction in which the one end part of the actuator element A is displaced by the bending (X-direction) is orthogonal to a direction in which the one end part of another actuator element B is displaced by the bending (Y-direction). |
| US07800846B2 |
Imaging lens assembly, light scanning unit and image forming apparatus having the same
An imaging lens assembly includes a mount which comprises a mount adhering portion on which a light curable adhesive is applied, an imaging lens which comprises a lens portion, and a supporting portion to extend from the lens portion, and a holder coupled to the mount adhering portion by the light curable adhesive, and to support the supporting portion. |
| US07800843B2 |
Lens system and optical apparatus
A lens system includes a first lens which is formed of a medium exhibiting negative refraction and a second lens which is formed of a medium having a positive refractive index. Abbe's number for a material which forms the first lens differs from Abbe's number for a material which forms the second lens. Moreover, a lens system includes a first lens which is formed of a medium exhibiting negative refraction and a second lens which is formed of a medium exhibiting negative refraction. Abbe's number for a material which forms the first lens differs from Abbe's number for a material which forms the second lens. |
| US07800840B2 |
Convex-fresnel LED lens and LED assembly thereof
A convex-Fresnel LED lens and a LED assembly thereof are revealed. The lens is a Fresnel lens whose optical surface on a forward side thereof is a convex surface having draft with vertical shape so that the lens in the LED assembly concentrates light emitted from a LED chip to generate light whose peak intensity is an elliptic distribution pattern. Moreover, the lens and the LED assembly thereof satisfy certain conditions. Thereby, light from the LED chip is gathered by a single lens to form a preset specific distribution pattern and is satisfying requirement of the ratio of the luminous flux that is larger than 85%. The convex-Fresnel LED lens and a LED assembly thereof are applied to lights and flashlights in mobile phones or cameras. |
| US07800837B2 |
Cylindrical molded article, lens barrel, camera, and injection mold
A drive frame 34 as a cylindrical molded article has a drive frame main body 34a, three first cam grooves 34c, three second cam grooves 34d, three high-density regions H, and three cam pins 43. The cam pins 43 are disposed in the circumferential direction between first center lines X1 which are positioned in the center in the circumferential direction between adjacent high-density regions H, and the high-density regions H. |
| US07800836B1 |
Zoom lens
A zoom lens includes, sequentially from an object side, a first lens group that is negative; and a second lens group that is positive, where focal length is varied by varying a distance between the first lens group and the second lens group. The first lens group includes, from the object side, a first lens that is a negative biconcave lens having at least one aspherical surface, and a second lens that is a positive meniscus lens having a convex surface facing toward the object side and at least one aspherical surface, and a first condition 0.8<|f1/f2|<1.0 and a second condition 0.5<|r2/f1|<0.8 are satisfied, where f1 is the focal length of the first lens group, f2 is the focal length of the second lens group, r2 is radius of curvature of a surface of the first lens in the first lens group, the surface facing toward an image. |
| US07800834B2 |
Zoom lens and imaging apparatus
A zoom lens is provided and includes: in order from an object side thereof, a first lens group having a negative refractive power, a stop; a second lens group having a positive refractive power; and a third lens group having a positive refractive power. The magnification of the zoom lens is varied from a wide angle end to a telephoto end by changing a space between the first lens group and the second lens group and a space between the second lens group and the third lens group. The first lens group includes: in order from an object side thereof, a negative lens having at least one aspherical surface and having a concave surface on an image side thereof; and a positive meniscus lens having a convex surface on the object side thereof. The zoom lens satisfies conditional expressions specified in the specification. |
| US07800832B2 |
Image forming optical system and electronic image pickup apparatus using image forming optical system
An optical system has a positive lens group, a negative lens group, and an aperture stop. The negative lens group is disposed at an object side of the aperture stop and has a cemented lens, and in a rectangular coordinate system in which a horizontal axis is Nd and a vertical axis is νd, when a straight line indicated by Nd=α×νd+β where α=−0.017 is set, Nd and νd of at least one lens forming the cemented lens are included in both an area determined by a line when a lower limit value is in a range of expression (1a) and a line when an upper limit value is in a range of the expression (1a), and an area determined by expressions (2a) and (3a): 1.45<β<2.15 (1a); 1.30 |
| US07800828B2 |
Wide-angle lens and projection device using the same
A wide-angle lens and a projection device using the same are provided. The wide-angle lens from an image side sequentially comprises a first lens group, a second lens group and a third lens group. The third lens group comprises an aperture stop. The first lens group has a negative refracting power, the second lens group has a positive refracting power, and the third lens group has a positive refracting power. A focal length f1 of the first lens group and a focal length fw of the wide-angle lens satisfy the following conditions: −15 mm |
| US07800825B2 |
User interface including composite images that float
User interfaces that includes one or more composite images that are perceived by an observer to be suspended in space relative to the user interface. |
| US07800823B2 |
Polarization device to polarize and further control light
A polarization device includes an optical stack with a diffraction grating and a wire grid polarizer with one disposed over the other. The wire grid polarizer includes an array of elongated, parallel conductive wires in accordance with PWGP<λ/2 where PWGP is the period of the wires and λ is the wavelength of the light. The diffraction grating includes an array of elongated parallel dielectric ribs in accordance with PDG>λ/2 where PDG is the period of the ribs. |
| US07800821B2 |
Microscopic illumination apparatus
An illumination optical system includes a light source section for emitting a beam of substantially parallel rays, a field lens for collecting the beam of substantially parallel rays, a condenser lens for introducing the beam of rays collected by the field lens onto an illumination target surface, and an aperture stop disposed at an entrance-side focal position of the condenser lens. The aperture stop and the light source are in conjugate positional relationship via the collector lens and the field lens. An optical element having different characteristics between the central region and the outer region is arranged in a path of the substantially parallel rays at a position satisfying the condition: 0.03<|L/fCD|<0.4 where FCD is a focal length of the condenser lens and L is a distance from the illumination target surface to a position that is, of positions on which the optical element is projected, closest to the illumination target surface. |
| US07800820B2 |
Microscope viewing device
A microscope, e.g., a surgical microscope, includes an image generation device in the light path or light paths of the microscope. Images based on real-time or static data concerning the object in view, e.g., a patient's MRI data and/or parameters of one or more surgical instruments being used to operate on the patient, are projected into the microscope's light path so the surgeon does not need to look away from the surgical field and does not require other personnel to read outloud the settings and data from the machines being used in the surgery. |
| US07800819B2 |
Laser amplifier power extraction enhancement system and method
A high extraction efficiency laser system. The novel laser system includes a laser amplifier and a laser source adapted to provide a laser beam to the amplifier such that polarization states for incident and reflected light within the amplifier are perpendicular one to another. In an illustrative embodiment, the laser beam is input to the amplifier such that the beam reflects back and forth between the side walls of the amplifier with an angle of incidence of about 45 degrees, and the laser beam is linearly polarized in the plane of incidence. This arrangement reduces interference fringes in the amplifier. In an alternative embodiment, the system includes an aberrator adapted to add time-varying aberrations in the laser beam at a rate exceeding an inversed lifetime of an inverted population in the amplifier to increase spatial homogenization of saturation and extraction patterns in the amplifier. |
| US07800818B2 |
Blue extended super continuum light source
In a blue extended super continuum light source, when pulses of partly coherent monochromatic “pump” radiation of essentially constant amplitude are propagating through a microstructure fiber medium within a region of anomalous dispersion of the medium, then, provided the medium has a finite nonlinear coefficient of the index of refraction, the pump pulse is subject to a modulation instability. This results in formation of a train of narrow pulses with Tera Hertz repetition rate. Phase match between red shifted Raman solitons generated by the pump pulse and energy shed by the pump pulse at all frequencies with a group velocity below the pump pulse group velocity may lead to the formation of Cherenkov radiation. The solitons may seed Cherenkov radiation at different wavelengths depending on the actual fiber parameters. This allows extension of generated super continuum light beyond the four wave mixing limit when applying picosecond or nanosecond pump pulses. |
| US07800814B2 |
Structural color display
Disclosed is a structural color display including: (a) a pattern forming member which forms a plurality of cells each lined up in two dimension; and (b) a light transmissive image display sheet comprising a color showing layer which shows a structural color, the light transmissive image display sheet being laminated on the pattern forming member, wherein each of the cells is independently controlled to switch to a light reflective state or to a light absorptive state corresponding to an image pattern to be displayed, provided that the light absorptive state is a state in which a light which enters in the cell through the image display sheet is absorbed; and the light reflective state is a state in which a light which enters in the cell through the image display sheet is reflected and the reflected light is made to enter in a region of the image display sheet corresponding to the cell. |
| US07800809B2 |
System and method for a MEMS device
Light in the visible spectrum is modulated using an array of modulation elements, and control circuitry connected to the array for controlling each of the modulation elements independently, each of the modulation elements having a surface which is caused to exhibit a predetermined impedance characteristic to particular frequencies of light. The amplitude of light delivered by each of the modulation elements is controlled independently by pulse code modulation. Each modulation element has a deformable portion held under tensile stress, and the control circuitry controls the deformation of the deformable portion. Each deformable element has a deformation mechanism and an optical portion, the deformation mechanism and the optical portion independently imparting to the element respectively a controlled deformation characteristic and a controlled modulation characteristic. The deformable modulation element may be a non-metal. The elements are made by forming a sandwich of two layers and a sacrificial layer between them, the sacrificial layer having a thickness related to the final cavity dimension, and using water or an oxygen based plasma to remove the sacrificial layer. |