最新美国发明专利第2010-07-06期 - 专利汇|PatentHub专利检索|专利查询网|发明专利查询分析

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US07751254B2	Method of programming non-volatile memory device A method of programming a non-volatile memory device may include performing a first programming operation including applying a program voltage to a memory cell and verifying the memory cell using a first verification voltage. A perturbation pulse may be applied to the memory cell to facilitate thermalization of charges in the memory cell if the memory cell passes the verification using the first verification voltage. The memory cell may be verified using a second verification voltage greater than the first verification voltage after the perturbation pulse is applied.
US07751253B2	Analog sensing of memory cells with a source follower driver in a semiconductor memory device Memory devices, methods, and sample and hold circuits are disclosed, including a memory device that includes a sample and hold circuit coupled to a bit line. One such sample and hold circuit includes a read circuit, a verify circuit, and a reference circuit. The read circuit stores a read threshold voltage that was read from a selected memory cell. The verify circuit stores a target threshold voltage that is compared to the read threshold voltage to generate an inhibit signal when the target and read threshold voltages are substantially equal. The reference circuit stores a reference threshold voltage that can be used to translate the read threshold voltage to compensate for a transistor voltage drop and/or temperature variations.
US07751252B2	Semiconductor memory with a reference current generating circuit having a reference current generating section and an amplifier section A semiconductor memory capable of storing and reading data in a memory cell for holding the data corresponding to a threshold voltage has a reference current generating circuit having a reference current generating section and an amplifier section.
US07751248B2	Indirect measurement of negative margin voltages in endurance testing of EEPROM cells An electronic test structure and method for testing non-volatile memory cells. The structure includes a first transistor coupled in series to a floating gate transistor whereby a source of the first transistor is coupled to a positive power supply voltage and a source of the floating gate transistor is coupled to a power supply ground. A gate of the first transistor is further coupled to a source of the first transistor. A second transistor is coupled in series with a memory cell with a source of the second transistor coupled to a positive power supply voltage and a gate of the second transistor is coupled to the drain of the first transistor.
US07751247B2	Method and apparatus for trimming reference voltage of flash memory device The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for trimming a reference voltage. The method may include at least one steep of performing an erase operation of a flash memory resistor; performing a program operation of the flash memory resistor; performing a current read operation of the flash memory resistor; confirming the threshold voltage of the flash memory resistor by measuring the current flowing into a drain of the flash memory resistor; determining whether the threshold voltage of the flash memory resistor satisfies a reference voltage; and then completing the trimming operation if the threshold voltage of the flash memory resistor satisfies the reference voltage.
US07751245B2	Programming sequence in NAND memory An analog voltage NAND architecture non-volatile memory device and programming process is described that reduce the effects of NAND string resistance in source follower sensing by programming the cells in NAND memory cell strings to maintain the resistance presented by the unselected cells on the source-side of a given selected memory cell of the NAND string during both the verify and read. In particular, in one embodiment of the present invention, the cells in the NAND string are programmed sequentially in order from the cells closest the bit line to the final cell that is closest the source line in the string. This allows the source follower sensing of the verify and later read operations to read the programmed threshold voltage across the same stable source-side resistance 602, as the source-side unselected memory cells 20831-208N+1 will already have been programmed and thus will present the same channel resistance to both the source follower verify of the program operation and following source follower read operations, maintaining the compensation for the source-side resistance 602 of the source-side unselected memory cells 20831-208N+1.
US07751242B2	NAND memory device and programming methods A NAND Flash memory device is described that can reduce bit line coupling and floating gate coupling during program and verify operations. Consecutive bit lines of an array row are concurrently programmed as a common page. Floating gate coupling during programming can therefore be reduced. Multiple verify operations are performed on separate bit lines of the page. Bit line coupling can therefore be reduced.
US07751240B2	Memory device with negative thresholds A method for data storage in a memory that includes a plurality of analog memory cells includes storing data in the memory by writing first storage values to the cells. One or more read reference levels are defined for reading the cells, such that at least one of the read reference levels is negative. After storing the data, second storage values are read from the cells using the read reference levels, so as to reconstruct the stored data. In another disclosed method, data is stored in the memory by mapping the data to first storage values selected from a set of the nominal storage values, and writing the first storage values to the cells. The set of nominal storage values is defined such that at least one of the nominal storage values is negative.
US07751239B2	Device for reading memory data and method using the same Provided are a device for reading memory data and a method using the same. The device for reading memory data comprises a memory cell which stores multi-bit information, an information detection unit which detects as much bit information as a predetermined number of bits from among multi-bit information, a source-line voltage control unit which controls a source-line voltage of the memory cell based on the detected bit information from the information detection unit, and a remaining bit information read unit which reads remaining bit information stored in the memory cell by using the controlled source-line voltage.
US07751238B2	Memory system protected from errors due to read disturbance and reading method thereof A method of reading a memory system including a flash memory includes: reading data from a page in a first block of the flash memory, incrementing a counter each time data is read from the page to store a corresponding number of read-out cycles of the flash memory, and copying data from the first block of the flash memory to a second block of the flash memory when the counter exceeds a reference number of read-out cycles. The data from the first block includes data from the page.
US07751234B2	Phase change memory device and program method thereof A phase change memory device includes a memory cell having a phase change material, a write driver adapted to supply a program current to the memory cell during a programming interval, and a pump circuit adapted to enhance a current supply capacity of the write driver during the programming interval. The pump circuit is activated prior to the programming interval in response to an external control signal.
US07751229B2	SRAM memory device with improved write operation and method thereof A device, and a corresponding method of implementation, for SRAM memory information storage are provided. The device is powered by a supply voltage and includes an array of base cells organized in base columns, and at least one mirror column of at least one mirror cell liable to simulate the behavior of the cells in a base column. The device further includes Emulation means, in a mirror column, of the most restricting cell in a base column, Means for varying a mirror power supply voltage (VDDMMOCK) for the mirror column, and Means for copying the mirror power supply voltage in the emulated base column.
US07751225B2	Dense read-only memory In one embodiment, a read-only memory (ROM) is provided that includes: a plurality of word lines; a plurality of bit lines; a plurality of memory cell transistors arranged in rows corresponding to the word lines such that if a word line is asserted the corresponding memory cell transistors are conducting, the memory cell transistors also being arranged in columns corresponding to the bit lines; wherein each column of memory cell transistors is arranged into column groups, each column group including an access transistor coupled to the corresponding bit line, the remaining transistors in the column group being coupled in series from the access transistor to a last transistor in the column group, the last transistor in the column group being coupled to a voltage node.
US07751224B2	Data writing and reading method for memory device employing magnetic domain wall movement A method of data recording and reading for a memory device employing magnetic domain wall movement. The memory device includes a writing track, an interconnecting layer formed on the writing track, and a recording track formed on the interconnecting layer.
US07751223B2	Magnetic memory devices using magnetic domain motion A magnetic memory device includes a recording layer, a reference layer, a first input portion and a second input portion. The recording layer has perpendicular magnetization direction and a plurality of magnetic domains, and the reference layer corresponds to a portion of the recording layer and has a pinned magnetization direction. The recording layer has a data storage cell wherein a plurality of data bit regions each including a magnetic domain are formed. The magnetic domain corresponds to an effective size of the reference layer. The first input portion inputs at least one of a writing signal and a reading signal. The second input portion is electrically connected to the recording layer and inputs a magnetic domain motion signal in order to move data stored in a data bit region of the recording layer to an adjoining data bit region.
US07751220B2	Method and arrangement for associative memory device based on ferrofluid An associative memory device includes a magnetically responsive layer adapted to store a representation of a pattern, the magnetically responsive layer includes magnetic nanoparticles as a magnetically active component. The magnetic nanoparticles of the associative memory device are dispersed in a solvent with variable viscosity, and the magnetically responsive layer is a layer of ferrofluid.
US07751217B2	Content addressable memory using phase change devices Content addressable memory device utilizing phase change devices. An aspect of the content addressable memory device is the use of a comparatively lower power search-line access element and a comparatively higher power word-line access element. The word-line access element is only utilized during write operations and the search-line access element is only utilized during search operations. The word-line access element being electrically coupled to a second end of a phase change memory element and a word-line. The search-line access element also being electrically coupled to the second end of the phase change memory element and a search-line. The search-line being electrically coupled to a match-line. A bit-line is electrically coupled to a first end of the phase change memory element. Additionally, a complementary set of access elements, a complementary phase change memory element, a complementary search-line, and a complementary bit-line are also included in the content addressable memory device.
US07751216B2	Voltage transformer with mechanically actuated voltage-selected switches A voltage transformer with mechanically actuated voltage-selected switch provides an input voltage pass through a voltage transformation unit, wherein the unit is disposed in the casing and its both ends are electrically connected to the input port and output port respectively, and transforms this input voltage into the predetermined output voltages corresponding to the selective switches according to selection of the mechanically actuated voltage-selected switch.
US07751215B2	Semiconductor device and electric apparatus having a semiconductor layer divided into a plurality of square subregions The present invention provides a semiconductor device and an electric apparatus each of which can realize both high-speed switching operation and energy loss reduction and excels in resistance to current concentration based on a counter electromotive voltage generated by, for example, an inductance load of the electric apparatus. A semiconductor device (100) of the present invention includes: a semiconductor layer (3) made of a first conductivity type wide band-gap semiconductor; a transistor cell (101T) in which a vertical field effect transistor (102) is formed, the vertical field effect transistor (102) causing a charge carrier to move in a thickness direction of the semiconductor layer (3); and a diode cell (101S) in which a Schottky diode (103) is formed, the Schottky diode (103) being formed such that a Schottky electrode (9) forms a Schottky junction with the semiconductor layer (3), wherein the semiconductor layer 3 is divided into a plurality of square subregions (101T and 101S) based on virtual border lines (30) in plan view, and includes the subregion (101T) as the transistor cell and the subregion (101S) as the diode cell.
US07751209B2	Switching power supply equipment A switching power supply equipment has a function to protect a power supply from abnormalities such as an output short-circuit. An output signal from an error amplification circuit to amplify a difference voltage between an output voltage and a predetermined voltage is input into a feedback terminal of an integrated circuit power supply control circuit, and a power transistor is controlled by a pulse-width control circuit base on the output signal. n addition, a comparator having a reference voltage and a series circuit of a capacitor and a resistor making operation of an overload protection circuit delay are connected to a connecting point of the error amplification circuit and the pulse-width control circuit. The overload protection circuit starts operation by an output of the comparator. The number of required terminals of the integrated circuit is decreased and also a package size of the integrated circuit is decreased in comparison to convention switching power supply equipment incorporating similar protection circuitry.
US07751207B2	Power semiconductor module with reduced parasitic inductance Proposed is a power semiconductor module with a housing and one or a plurality of half-bridge circuitries arranged therein. Each half-bridge circuitry has a first (TOP) and a second (BOT) power switch and each switch is comprised of one power transistor and a corresponding power diode (recovery diode). The power semiconductor module furthermore has a positive polarity direct current lead and a negative polarity direct current lead. Per each half-bridge circuitry it furthermore has two alternate current leads that are not directly connected electrically. Each TOP transistor is connected to the power diode of the BOT switch and a first alternate current lead and each BOT transistor is connected to the power diode of the TOP switch and a second alternate current lead.
US07751200B2	Display apparatus According to one embodiment, a display apparatus includes a housing, a display panel contained in the housing, a longitudinal frame extending vertically along a back surface of the display panel and secured to the display panel, a circuit board electrically connected to the display panel, and a chassis member on which the circuit board is mounted. The chassis member is a plate-like member of a size greater than or equal to that of the circuit board, arranged between the longitudinal frame and an horizontal edge part of the display panel, supported by the longitudinal frame to be opposed to the back surface of the display panel, and provided with a stud pin to which the circuit board is secured.
US07751197B2	Fastening device, module mounting mechanism and information processing apparatus According to one embodiment, a fastening device comprises an object having a through hole, and a fastener which fixes the object to a support by being screwed into a screw hole. The fastener includes a gripper and a stopper. The gripper is capable of protruding outside of the object from the through hole and getting into the through hole, and has an end surface on a side opposite to a male screw portion. The stopper is positioned between the male screw portion and the gripper. In a state in which the male screw portion is screwed into the screw hole, the end surface is positioned inside the through hole. In a state in which the male screw portion is removed from the screw hole, the gripper protrudes outside of the object from the through hole, and the stopper is caught in the object and holds the fastener to the object.
US07751195B2	Electronic device slide and tilt mechanism Disclosed herein is an apparatus. The apparatus includes a housing, electronic circuitry, a first arm member, and a spring. The housing includes a first housing section and a second housing section. The electronic circuitry is mounted in the housing. The first arm member is connected between the first housing section and the second housing section. The first arm member is configured to move a portion of the second housing section away from the first housing section. The spring is connected between the second housing section and the first arm member. The spring is configured to exert a torque between the second housing section and the first arm member.
US07751191B2	Technique for cooling a device A cooling system that promotes cooling of a device including a heat source therein is provided, the cooling system includes: a cooling unit that absorbs, upstream from the heat source, heat from intake air that the device takes in from an outside to cool the heat source and dissipates the heat to an outside of a flow path of the intake air; and a fluid control unit that lets fluid flow toward the cooling unit so as to discharge the heat absorbed by the cooling unit from the intake air to an outside of the cooling unit.
US07751190B2	Electronic device An electronic device includes a cabinet, a first heat generating member, a second heat generating member, a fan unit, a first heat pipe and a second heat pipe. The first and second heat pipes are each formed by sealing an operation fluid which shifts its phase between gas and liquid into a pipe-like main body. In the second position, the first end portion of the first heat pipe is located at a position lower than that of the second end portion and the one end portion of the second heat pipe is located at a position higher than that of the other end portion. The second heat pipe includes a conveying mechanism that conveys the operation fluid in liquid phase from the other end portion to the one end portion.
US07751189B2	Cooling arrangement to cool components on circuit board A circuit board including a blower thereon to cool a heat generating arrangement. The circuit board includes a board substrate; a blower disposed on the board substrate, the blower having an inlet adapted to take in coolant in a inlet direction, and an outlet adapted to blow out coolant in a first outlet direction extending at an angle with respect to the inlet direction; and a heat-generating arrangement disposed on the board substrate such that the blower is adapted to blow out coolant in the first outlet direction to cool the heat generating arrangement.
US07751188B1	Method and system for providing cooling of components in a data storage system A cooling method and system is disclosed which utilizes vortex tubes to generate and direct cold air over heat-generating components of an electronic system.
US07751186B2	Chassis having a bypass channel for air flow A chassis having a bypass channel for air flow is disclosed. The chassis include a bypass channel that is proximate one side of the chassis. The bypass channel may be formed by the side of the chassis and a module of the computing system, such as the processor module of the computing system. A second module exists in the rear of the chassis. A physical barrier may be used to direct air from the bypass channel to the second module, which may be an I/O module. A plenum is placed on the opposite side of I/O module from the air flow. The presence of the plenum creates a negative pressure on the opposite side of the second module, causing air to cross the second module into the plenum. A fan in the rear of the chassis causes air to leave the plenum and exit the chassis.
US07751181B2	Battery cover assembly for portable electronic device A battery cover assembly for a portable electronic device (100), the battery cover assembly includes a cover (10), a housing (30) and a button mechanism (20). The cover defines a button hole (12). The housing defines a first stopper groove (345) and a second stopper groove (365). The button mechanism includes a slidable element (22), a latching element (24) and a swinging element (26). The slidable element includes an operation portion (2224) and a fixed portion (226). The operation portion is slidably received in the button hole, and the fixed portion is releasably locked in the first stopper groove. The latching element includes an extending portion (244) releasably locked in the second stopper groove. The swinging element connects the slidable element to the latching element.
US07751180B2	Power distribution panel with modular elements A power distribution panel having circuit elements such as KTK and GMT fuses removably mounted to a unit housing by means of module members, thereby allowing for ease of customization of the circuit elements of the power distribution panel.
US07751178B2	Dielectric ceramic and multilayer ceramic capacitor using the same A dielectric ceramic is provided which is can be stably used for a multilayer ceramic capacitor even at a high temperature of approximately 175° C. The dielectric ceramic includes a perovskite type compound represented by the composition formula (Ba1-x-yCaxSny)m(Ti1-zZrz)O3 (where x, y, z, and m satisfy 0≦x≦0.20, 0.02≦y≦0.20, 0≦z≦0.05, and 0.990≦m≦1.015, respectively) as a primary component; and RE as an accessory component (where RE is at least one selected from the group consisting of Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu), wherein 0.5 to 20 molar parts of RE is contained with respect to 100 molar parts of the primary component.
US07751173B2	Semiconductor integrated circuit including circuit for driving electrostatic actuator, micro-electro-mechanical systems, and driving method of electrostatic actuator A semiconductor integrated circuit comprises an electrostatic actuator, an estimation circuit, a storage circuit and a bias circuit. The electrostatic actuator has a top electrode, a bottom electrode, and an insulating film disposed between the top electrode and the bottom electrode. The estimation circuit estimates the amount of a charge accumulated in the insulating film of the electrostatic actuator. The storage circuit stores a result of the estimation of the charge amount by the estimation circuit. The bias circuit changes, on the basis of the estimation result stored in the storage circuit, a drive voltage to drive the electrostatic actuator.
US07751171B2	Nanoscale grasping device, method for fabricating the same, and method for operating the same A nanoscale grasping device comprising at least three electrostatically actuated grasping elements, wherein the nanoscale grasping device may be used to more accurately grasp an object, more easily hold an object in a defined location or orientation and more readily manipulate an object.
US07751170B2	Charge management of electrically isolated objects via modulated photoelectric charge transfer Charge transfer is provided to or from an electrically isolated test body by AC modulation of the photoelectric effect. More specifically, a reference body is disposed near the test body without physical contact between the reference and test bodies. Facing surfaces of the reference and test bodies are illuminated by optical radiation having a sufficiently short wavelength that charged particles are emitted from the reference and test bodies. An electrical bias is established between the reference body and the test body. Both the optical radiation and the electrical bias are modulated at the same frequency. A magnitude and direction of a charge transfer rate between the reference and test bodies is set by selecting a phase relation between the optical radiation and the electrical bias.
US07751168B2	Power supply and method of controlling same A power supply supplying electric power through parallel operation of power supply units is disclosed. Each of the power supply units includes a transformer; a stopped state latch part configured to latch a control signal for controlling outputting of the power supply unit in a predetermined stopped state to stop the outputting, after passage of a first time in response to detection of an overcurrent on a primary side of the transformer; and an outputting restriction part configured to set the control signal in a predetermined restricted state to restrict the outputting of the power supply unit without stopping the outputting, after passage of a second time in response to detection of an overcurrent on a secondary side of the transformer. The second time is shorter than the first time.
US07751167B2	Protective circuit for a supersonic humidifier A protective circuit for a supersonic humidifier includes a compare circuit to obtain working voltage at two terminals of an ultrasonic vibrating member to decide whether the humidifier is to be continued to operate or stopped so as to protect it from burning up. The protective circuit does not utilize a vibration needle, a float, a magnetic switch and a HALL IC used in conventional humidifiers.
US07751166B2	Advanced feeder architecture with automated power restoration A method and apparatus for restoring power to loads connected to a feeder powered by a power source. The feeder is provided with a plurality of switching devices and a master electronic device which is in operative communication with the switching devices and has a plurality of power restoration plans stored therein. Upon occurrence of a fault in a zone of the feeder, the identity of the switching device which is closest to and upstream from the faulted zone relative to the power source is used in order to select a power restoration plan and restore power to some or all the loads connected to non-faulted zones of the feeder from one or more additional feeders.
US07751164B1	Electrostatic discharge protection circuit A method for reducing a parasitic capacitance of an electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection circuit for an integrated circuit (IC) includes providing an ESD protection circuit including a plurality of transistors; coupling one end of a resistor to a shared drain of the plurality of transistors; and coupling an opposite end of the resistor to at least one of an input pad of the IC, a blocking capacitor of the IC and a transistor in the IC.
US07751163B2	Electric device protection circuit and method for protecting an electric device An electric device protection circuit comprises at least one conductive bridging unit which electrically connects a terminal of the electric device to a protection node set to a protection potential, the protection potential being chosen such that the conductive bridging unit switches from a resistive state to a conductive state in case that the voltage or current at the terminal exceeds a predetermined threshold value.
US07751160B1	Protective device with separate end-of-life trip mechanism The present invention is directed to a protective wiring device for use in an electrical distribution system. The device includes a plurality of line terminals and a plurality of load terminals configured to be coupled to the plurality of line terminals in a reset state. A detector circuit is coupled to the plurality of line terminals. The detector circuit is configured to generate a detection signal in response to detecting at least one predefined perturbation in the electrical distribution system. A circuit interrupter assembly is coupled between the plurality of line terminals and the plurality of load terminals. The circuit interrupter assembly is configured to decouple the plurality of line terminals from the plurality of load terminals in response to the detection signal. An end-of-life mechanism is coupled to the detector circuit. The end-of-life mechanism is configured to permanently decouple the plurality of line terminals from the plurality of load terminals in the absence of an intervening signal.
US07751157B2	Protection circuit and method therefor In one embodiment, a protection circuit includes a linear regulator remains enabled during a portion of a time while limiting an output voltage of the linear regulator to a first value.
US07751154B2	Magnetic recording heads with bearing surface protections and methods of manufacture In one aspect described herein, a read head having one or more magnetoresistive (MR) sensors (or devices) is provided. In one example, the read head includes an MR sensor and an insulator layer disposed at the same level as the MR sensor. The read head further includes a bearing surface, wherein the insulator layer forms a portion of the bearing surface and is disposed between a surface of the MR sensor and the bearing surface to provide protection for the MR sensor from exposure to the bearing surface. The MR sensor may include a stack of thin-film layers to form an AMR, GMR, or TGMR sensor element. The stack may further include a slanted surface portion, wherein the insulator layer is disposed on the slanted surface portion, thereby recessing the MR sensor from the bearing surface.
US07751150B2	Ramp for polyoxmethylene resin hard disk drive A ramp for a polyoxymethylene hard resin disk drive, which has an outgas level of not more than 20 μg/g. The ramp for a polyoxymethylene resin hard disk drive comprises the steps of providing an extruder, melt kneading a polyoxymethylene resin with a colorant while degassing through one or more vents under a reduced pressure of −0.06 Mpa or less to prepare polyoxymethylene resin pellets, and injection molding the polyoxymethylene resin pellets, washing the molding with a solvent, and drying the molding.
US07751147B2	Air bearing surface with shallow center channel An air bearing surface (ABS) for a head assembly for a data storage device is described. The ABS includes a member, comprising a first extended region and a second extended region, wherein these two regions define a channel. This channel is open to the leading edge (LE) of the ABS, and is configured so as to allow air to flow along the channel toward the trailing edge (TE) of the ABS. As a result, the pressure of the air flowing along the channel does not experience significant fluctuations in pressure until approaching the trailing edge.
US07751144B1	Self-servo-write using ramp-tracks Systems and techniques relating to writing servo information on a machine-readable medium. A method includes writing a band of ramp-tracks, including an embedded timing reference, to a machine-readable medium such that each ramp track in the band of ramp-tracks spans less than half a distance from an inner diameter to an outer diameter of the machine-readable medium; and writing servo information to the machine-readable medium using the band of ramp-tracks, including the embedded timing reference. An apparatus can include a self-servo-write controller configured to direct writing of at least two bands of ramp-tracks to different surfaces of at least one machine-readable medium based on a given rotational relationship between the at least one machine-readable medium and at least two collectively controlled transducers, the controller including a self-servo-write clock generator, an angular position generator, a ramp-track pattern generator, and a servo wedge window period generator.
US07751141B2	Management of data cartridges in multiple-cartridge cells in an automated data storage library In an automated library, data cartridges, such as magnetic tape cartridges, are stored in storage cells and accessed by data storage drives. An accessor with a gripper transports cartridges between storage cells and storage drives. Cartridges are prioritized according to their relative importance. A processor manages the placement of the cartridges in cells by having higher priority cartridges stored closer to the front of multi-cartridge cells than cartridges with a lower priority. Cartridges with a higher priority may also be stored closer to a storage drive than cartridges with a lower priority. A pusher may be used to push cartridges towards the front of multi-cartridge cells with an empty position to enable the gripper to reach the front cartridge.
US07751138B1	Correcting errors in disk drive read back signals by iterating with the Reed-Solomon decoder A signal detector is provided to detect symbols in a read back signal. The signal detector includes a first detector to generate raw decisions as a function of the read back signal and to generate at least one next best decision. A list-aided decoder generates the final decision based on both the raw decisions and the at least one next best decision from the first decoder.
US07751137B2	Method for improving sequence detection performance by removing excess paths A method leverages knowledge of the actual or ideal bit sequence to improve the performance of any sequence detector. This improved performance results by constraining the sequence detector when the sequence detector has knowledge of known patterns within the sample sequence. Embodiments may control or limit the effects of ISI on a readback signal in order to allow higher storage within physical media such as that of a HDD. This method involves reading an analog waveform from the physical media. The phase of this analog waveform is determined and it is sampled at regular intervals using a timing recovery scheme. This sample sequence is equalized (filtered) and sent to a sequence detector which will compare the received sequence to all possible transmitted sequences, generating a path through a trellis that represents the estimated sequence. That trellis path may pass through known states at certain times. This knowledge makes it possible to remove some of the paths under consideration. Then the sample sequence may be compared to a reduced set of possible bit sequences to select a decoded bit sequence.
US07751136B2	Lens assembly and imaging apparatus In the lens assembly, ventilation channels 15b1, 15c1, 15d1, and 15e1 passing between an object-side opening 15—1 and an image-side opening 15—2 of a barrel 15 are formed by processing inner surfaces 15b, 15c, and 15d of the barrel 15 and a surface 15e of the barrel 15. Thereby, when a taking lens 11 of a first group having an O-ring 16 fitted thereto is mounted into the barrel 15, air in the barrel 15 is pushed out from the image-side opening 15—2 of the barrel 15 through the ventilation channels 15b1, 15c1, 15d1, and 15e1.
US07751131B2	Lens module and lens barrel A lens module including a lens barrel, multiple lenses, and multiple cushions is provided. The lens barrel has an assembling opening, an inner wall, and multiple positioning structures. The positioning structures are integrally formed on the inner wall. An internal diameter of the positioning structure adjacent to the assembling opening is greater than an internal diameter of the positioning structure far away from the assembling opening. In addition, the lenses are respectively fixed in the corresponding positioning structure along an assembling direction. Each cushion is disposed in a pitch between two adjacent lenses, and each lens assembled in the lens barrel is disposed at a predetermined position through the positioning structures and cushions.
US07751129B2	Refractive projection objective for immersion lithography A purely refractive projection objective suitable for immersion microlithography is designed as a single-waist system with five lens groups in the case of which a first lens group of negative refractive power, a second lens group of positive refractive power, a third lens group of negative refractive power, a fourth lens group of positive refractive power and a fifth lens group of positive refractive power are provided. The fourth lens group has an entrance surface (E) that lies in the vicinity of a point of inflection of a marginal ray height between the third lens group (LG3) and the fourth lens group (LG4). No negative lens of substantial refractive power is arranged between the entrance surface and the system diaphragm (5). Embodiments of inventive projection objectives achieve a very high numerical aperture NA>1 in conjunction with a large image field and are distinguished by a compact design size. For working wavelengths below 200 nm, structural widths of substantially under 100 nm can be resolved when use is made of immersion fluids between the projection objective and substrate.
US07751128B2	Wide-angle lens A wide-angle lens whose angle of view is more than 90 degrees and less than 120 degrees includes, in order from an object side thereof: a first lens having a negative power and including a spherical glass body; a second lens having a positive power and including an aspheric surface; and a third lens having a positive power and including an aspheric surface.
US07751122B2	Substrate-guided optical device particularly for vision enhanced optical systems There is provided an optical system, including a mechanical body (110), a light-transmitting substrate (20) having two major surfaces and edges, embedded in the mechanical body, an optical element (90) for coupling light into the substrate by total internal reflection and a plurality of partially reflecting surfaces (22) carried by the substrate, wherein the partially reflecting surfaces are parallel to each other and are not parallel to any of the edges of the substrate. The system also includes an image capturing device (112), a display source (4), and an image-processing unit (114). The image-capturing device (112) is connected via the image-processing unit (114) to the display source (4).
US07751119B2	Optical surge suppressive type optical amplifier According to an optical surge suppressive type optical amplifier in the present invention, for a WDM optical amplifier having a multi-stages amplification configuration in which a plurality of optical amplifying means is connected in series, an optical amplifying medium capable of causing a homogeneous up-conversion (HUC) phenomenon is applied to the optical amplifying means on the signal light output side, so that an optical surge is suppressed utilizing the degradation of gain efficiency by the HUC caused at the time when the input power is decreased. Further, for a one wave optical amplifier, an optical amplifying medium capable of causing a pair induced quenching (PIQ) phenomenon is applied to the optical amplifying means on the signal light input side, so that the optical surge is suppressed utilizing the degradation of output power efficiency by the PIQ caused at the time when the input power is increased. As a result, it is possible to provide a low cost optical amplifier capable of effectively suppressing the optical surge without leading the complexity of control circuit or optical circuit configuration.
US07751118B1	Method and apparatus for ultra-violet-wavelength laser-induced fluorescence (UV-LIF) using optical output from a photonic-crystal rod A method and apparatus use a photonic-crystal fiber having a very large core while maintaining a single transverse mode. In some fiber lasers and amplifiers having large cores problems exist related to energy being generated at multiple-modes (i.e., polygamy), and of mode hopping (i.e., promiscuity) due to limited control of energy levels and fluctuations. The problems of multiple-modes and mode hopping result from the use of large-diameter waveguides, and are addressed by the invention. This is especially true in lasers using large amounts of energy (i.e., lasers in the one-megawatt or more range). By using multiple small waveguides in parallel, large amounts of energy can be passed through a laser, but with better control such that the aforementioned problems can be reduced. An additional advantage is that the polarization of the light can be maintained better than by using a single fiber core.
US07751117B2	Optical parametric micro-oscillator comprising couplet cavities The invention relates to the field of optical parametric oscillators (OPO), especially to an essentially vertical monolithic system (S) for parametric conversion from a pump wave with a pump wavelength, said system comprising at least two resonant cavities (6, 7). Said cavities are coupled by at least one coupling mirror (3), at least one of the cavities comprising an active non-linear medium, and the at least one coupling mirror being arranged in such a way that the parametric frequencies associated with the pump wavelength are located in the stop line of the at least one mirror for an injection direction of the pump wave essentially according to the axis of the system.
US07751116B2	Flexible display A flexible display of a reflection type is disclosed. An electrolyte layer with a relatively high polarity and a non-electrolyte layer with a relatively low polarity are arranged between two electrodes such that an image is displayed in accordance with movements of the electrolyte layer and non-electrolyte layer caused by an electric field applied to the layers. A reflection plate is arranged on a lower surface of the display such that the color of the image may be modified in accordance with a change in the color of the reflection plate.
US07751115B2	Electronic paper display device, manufacturing method and driving method thereof An electronic paper display device, a manufacturing method and a driving method thereof are disclosed. Micro protrusion members are formed at electrodes or at insulating layers. Consequently, the electrophoretic particles are prevented from being securely attached to an upper or the lower structure, and therefore, the quality of pictures is improved, and the contrast ratio of the pictures is increased. The relative sizes and the injection amounts of two kinds of electrophoretic particles are changed such that the relative sizes and the injection amounts of the electrophoretic particles are different from each other. Consequently, the driving voltage is lowered by excessively electrifying the electrophoretic particles of one kind. Protrusions are formed at the corresponding electrode such that a relatively large electric field is distributed around the electrode at which electrophoretic particles are located in the initial stage of voltage application. Consequently, the electrophoretic particles are easily separated from the electrode and moved even at low driving voltage. As such, the voltage level of the driving voltage pulse is lowered. Consequently, it is possible to further increase the response speed of the driving devices and to lower the internal voltage of the devices, thereby reducing the costs related to the driving devices.
US07751113B2	Micromirrors having mirror plates with tapered edges Disclosed herein is a micromirror device having a reflective mirror plate with reduced dimensions. The micromirror device can be a member of an array of micromirror devices for use in optical signal modulations, such as display applications and optical signal switching applications.
US07751111B2	Display element Provided is a display element which is drivable with simple components and at a relatively low voltage and exhibits high display contrast, enhanced white display reflectance, superior response speed and reduced image unevenness. The display element includes opposing electrodes having therebetween an electrolyte containing silver or a compound having silver in the chemical structure, wherein the opposing electrodes are driven by a drive circuit disposed for each of pixels so that the silver is dissolved and deposited and the opposing electrodes are provided on a plane separate from the drive circuit.
US07751110B2	Versatile display device There is provided a versatile display device comprising: a first electrode layer formed on a transparent substrate; an electrochromic layer formed on the first electrode layer; a second electrode layer consisting of a plurality of first conductive line groups arranged in the first direction on the electrochromic layer; a light-emitting device layer formed on the second electrode layer and emitting light; and a third electrode layer formed on the light-emitting device layer and consisting of a plurality of second conductive line groups arranged in the second direction that is different from the first conductive line group.
US07751108B2	Micro-actuation element provided with torsion bars The micro-actuation element (X1) includes a movable unit (111), a frame (112) and a coupler (113) for connecting these, where the unit, the frame and the coupler are integrally formed in a material substrate having a multi-layer structure that consists of electroconductive layers (110a-110c), such as a core conduction layer (110b), and insulation layers (110d, 110e) intervening between the electroconductive layers (110a-110c). The movable unit (111) includes a first structure originating in the core conduction layer (110b). The frame (112) includes a second structure originating in the core conduction layer (110b). The coupler (113) includes a plurality of electrically separated torsion bars (113a, 113b) that originate in the core conduction layer (110b) and are connected continuously to the first structure and the second structure.
US07751107B2	Light scanning device and image forming apparatus A light scanning device includes: a light source; an aperture stop regulating a width of a light beam emitted from the light source; a deflector deflecting and scanning the light beam emitted from the light source; at least one scanning lens forming an image on a scanned surface with the light beam deflected and scanned; and a phase-type optical element. In the light scanning device, a phase modulation portion is provided to at least a portion of the phase-type optical element, and a phase difference between the phase modulation portion and a region other than the phase modulation portion is not π [radian]. Thus, asymmetry in a curve representing the relationship between a beam spot diameter and defocus can be corrected to reduce variation of the beam spot diameter with respect to the defocus. Consequently, highly-accurate light scanning can be performed.
US07751106B2	Image forming apparatus An image forming apparatus that previously rotates a polygonal mirror drive motor before starting a job and forms a latent image by using an optical scanning unit including the polygonal mirror drive motor is provided. The image forming apparatus includes a control unit configured to perform control such that, in the determination of the presence or absence of each of color toners before a previous rotation is started, if it is determined that any one of the color toners is absent, only the polygonal mirror drive motor corresponding to a black toner is previously rotated.
US07751105B2	Hologram recording apparatus and hologram recording/reproducing method A hologram recorder applies a recording beam (S) and a reference beam (R) to the illumination site (p) of a hologram recording medium (B). The interference between the recording beam (S) and the reference beam (R) produces multiple hologram recording at the illumination site (p). The recorder includes a recording-purpose reference beam reflector (10) for reflecting the reference beam (R) to the illumination site (p), and a pivot mechanism for pivoting the reflector (10) about an axis (x) to vary the incident angle (θr) of the reflected reference beam (R) to the recording medium (B). The reflector (10) is disposed to cross a predetermined optical path. The axis (x) of the pivot mechanism is so arranged that the reflected reference beam (R) is directed to the illumination site (p) even when the incident angle (θr) of the beam (R) changes due to the pivoting of the reflector (10).
US07751104B2	Hologram recording medium A hologram recording medium includes a stack of at least a lower transparent substrate, a recording layer made of a photocurable organic material, and an upper transparent substrate, wherein a spacer for keeping a thickness of the recording layer is dispersed and disposed in the inside of the recording layer in a direction of a principal plane of the hologram recording medium.
US07751102B2	Image forming apparatus and method capable of lightness adjustment of image output with color balance thereof preserved An apparatus for forming an image is disclosed which includes: an input device inputting image data; an image processor processing the inputted image data; an image forming device forming the image on a recording medium, based on the processed image data; a lightness setting device setting a lightness value of the image to be formed on the recording medium by the image forming device; a first corrector correcting the inputted image data according to a first correction characteristic; a first characteristic modifier modifying the first correction characteristic, in response to setting of increasing the lightness value by the lightness setting device; a second corrector correcting the processed image data according to a second correction characteristic; and a second characteristic modifier modifying the second correction characteristic, in response to setting of decreasing the lightness value by the lightness setting device.
US07751097B2	Methods and apparatuses for changing driving sequence to output charge coupled device signal A method of changing driving sequence to output a charge coupled device signal, the method is applied to a scanner. The scanner has a pixel processor and a charge coupled device. A plurality of charge signals detected by the charge coupled device is sequentially output to the pixel processor according to the driving sequence. In the method of changing the driving sequence to output the charge coupled device signal, a fast driving sequence is provided. The fast driving sequence has a period equal to 1/N of the original driving sequence. According to the fast driving sequence, the charge signal is sent to the pixel processing circuit. The charge signals are sampled by the processing circuit according to a sampling sequence, and the data obtained by sampling is output.
US07751096B2	Scanning device having reduced scanning times and method related thereto A scanning device includes a housing, a cold cathode fluorescent lamp (CCFL), and a light emitting diode (LED), a photosensor for detecting light that is emitted from the CCFL and the LED and then by way of a document, and a control circuit for controlling operations of the scanning device. The LED can be used to perform scans while the CCFL is heating.
US07751095B2	Image scanning apparatus scanning color original document while conveying the same and color determination method An image scanning apparatus moves a copyboard provided between an original document and three line sensors and the three line sensors relatively to each other at a speed different from the speed of conveying an original document. An in-line correction portion allows three data output by three line sensors to be synchronized so that a foreign object on the copyboard appears at different positions of the original document in chromatic color. A foreign object position detection portion detects a position on the copyboard of a foreign object before an original document is conveyed, and a color determination portion decides a determination pixel for use in determination from a plurality of pixels included in each of scanned data obtained while the original document is conveyed, based on the position of the foreign object, and determines whether the original document is color or black-and-white based on the determination pixel.
US07751094B2	Image reading apparatus and image forming machine provided with the same An image reading apparatus for generating image data corresponding to a document image, includes: an irradiating section for irradiating light rays to an image bearing surface of a document; a housing formed with a slit for restrictedly passing light rays reflected from the image bearing surface of the document; a photoelectric conversion element for converting an optical image made of the light rays having passed through the slit of the housing to an electric signal; and an optical system for guiding the light rays having passed through the slit of the housing to the photoelectric conversion element. The housing has a light restrictor at each of the both ends of the slit. The light restrictor projects toward the image bearing surface of the document to thereby keep light rays reflected from an area outside a reading area of the image bearing surface of the document from entering the slit.
US07751089B2	Method for compressing a digital representation containing a page-describing code, which is sent from a computer to a printer A computer-implemented method is designed for printing on regular digital printers of a coding pattern consisting of regularly spaced code symbols. In the method, a page-describing code (e.g. in PostScript programming language) is generated for the printer. The generation of the page-describing code is based a character definition set which assigns a set of characters to represent a set of mutually unique groups of the code symbols. By mapping the set of mutually unique groups against the coding pattern, the location of corresponding groups within the coding pattern can be identified. Each of the corresponding groups is then represented by its assigned character in the page-describing code. The resulting page-describing code is small in size and has a reduced set of printer instructions that can be processed efficiently by the receiving printer.
US07751085B2	Image forming apparatus and its control method, and computer program Input print data can assume one of a RGB color space, CMYK color space, and Gray color space. When graphic arts are principally to be printed, data of these color spaces is converted into CIE Color Space XYZ as a standard color space, and data of the standard color space is converted into a CMYK color space according to the Output Profile of a printer, which then prints the converted data. On the other hand, when office documents are principally to be printed, conversion into the standard color space is skipped, and input color space data is directly converted into a print color space CMYK, and the converted data is then printed.
US07751080B2	Data generating device capable of appending different watermarks to corresponding pages A computer is provided with an application and a printer driver. A user of the computer generates image data using the application. When the image data is for a plurality of pages, the user selects a desired watermark for each of the plurality of pages. The printer driver converts the image data into print data, and combines selected watermarks with the print data for corresponding pages, thereby generating updated print data. The updated print data is output as a single print job to the printer. The printer executes printing operations based on the print job so as to print an image on a plurality of pages, each formed with a corresponding watermark.
US07751079B2	Method and system for managing print job files for a shared printer A system and method enable a user to generate a single batch job ticket for a plurality of print job tickets. The system includes a print driver, a print job manager, and a print engine. The print driver enables a user to request generation of a collective job queue and to provide a plurality of job tickets for the job queue. The print job manager includes a collective job queue manager and a print job scheduler. The collective job queue manager collects job tickets for a job queue and generates a single batch job ticket for the print job scheduling table when the job queue is closed. The print job scheduler selects single batch job tickets in accordance with various criteria and releases the job segments to a print engine for contiguous printing of the job segments.
US07751076B2	Control apparatus used in image forming apparatus, control method therefor, and image forming apparatus, having a relay device, with identification information obtaining feature for the relay device A control apparatus used in an image forming apparatus has a CPU board (100) and a relay board having I/Fs (311-314) and a CPU (301). The I/Fs are connectable with driver boards (5001-5004), and have common standards. The CPU detects each connection state of the driver boards to the I/Fs, decides an ID for the relay board according to the connection state, and performs consistency control to secure consistency of control between the driver boards, based on the ID for the relay board. The CPU board is communicatably connected to the relay board. The CPU board obtains the ID for the relay board 300, and performs control according to the ID for the relay board.
US07751072B2	Automated modification of a marking engine in a printing system A method of printing includes processing a print job stream to identify one or more images to be printed on a first substrate. The first substrate has a substrate attribute, such as paper weight or surface roughness, which is different from that of a second substrate. A marking engine is selected to print the identified images on the selected first substrate. An operating parameter of the marking engine is modified from a set point for the second substrate to a modified set point for the first substrate, to accommodate the substrate attribute of the selected first substrate. The identified images are sent to the selected marking engine to be printed.
US07751071B2	Image reproduction apparatus, image reproduction method, and program for implementing the method on a computer An image reproduction apparatus having a basic function at low cost, and additional functions as an option. The image reproduction apparatus is configured to detect invalid pixels, remove a black streak, and detect a blank document page. The image reproduction apparatus includes a base engine/image data controller that includes a process controller, a RAM used as a work area, a ROM in which operation commands are stored, a video controller that processes image data and controls the flow of image data, and an I/O controller that monitors and controls I/Os of various devices, such as drivers or sensors, wherein those parts are connected via a CPU bus. The image reproduction apparatus can be extended into the form of a digital multifunction device by connecting a controller board to the base engine/image data controller via a parallel bus.
US07751070B2	Image input apparatus, image output apparatus, image forming system, control method of image input apparatus, control method of image output apparatus, programs for executing these methods, storage medium for storing programs, image processing system, control method of image processing system, and program for executing control method Remote output environment remarkably improving convenience in remote output mode is provided so that print process according to original direction information detected by transmitter image forming apparatus can be performed by receiver image forming apparatus. Therefor, image processing system including first device having input unit of inputting image data and communication unit of performing data communication, and second device having communication unit of performing data communication and output unit of outputting image data sets the remote output mode for performing through the communication unit the data communication of the image data input by the first device and causing the second device to output the communicated data, causes the first device to acquire the direction information input by the first device, and causes in this mode the second device to output the image data from the first device in output manner based on the acquired information.
US07751069B2	Manufacturing system and process for personalized greeting cards A method for producing personalized greeting cards includes receiving a plurality of greeting card orders from users and separating the ordered greeting cards into batches. The ordered greeting cards are produced in batches and a batch-separation symbol is printed on at least one greeting card in each batch. The greeting cards produced are separated into batches using the batch-separation symbols.
US07751068B2	Digital copying machine and image data transfer method in digital copying machine A digital copying machine that performs transfer of image data from the image reader to an external computer based on an image reading operation, as well as transfer of image data from the external computer to the printing unit based on a printing operation using the same bus, wherein the image reading operation and the printing operation are performed simultaneously by alternating the two types of transfers in response to the signal, based on the operation timing of the printing unit.
US07751067B1	Substrate-alignment using detector of substrate material Methods and apparatuses are provided for positioning a substrate having a target that may be located on either the front-side or the backside of the substrate. The optical detector that views the target contains a signal-generating material that is substantially identical to the substrate material.
US07751062B2	Optical flying height measurement and calibration with dual sliders A method for optical flying height measurement, and a flying height tester. The method the method comprises the steps of aligning a first slider and a second slider adjacent a transparent disk; varying a rotational speed of the disk relative to the first slider whereby a spacing between the first slider and the disk changes; measuring changes in a first reflected light intensity caused by interference of a light signal portion reflected from the first slider and a light signal portion reflected from a surface of the disk, wherein the rotational speed is varied over a range such that one maximum and minimum intensities pair is measured in the reflected light intensity; measuring a second reflected light intensity caused by interference of a light signal portion reflected from the second slider and a light signal portion reflected from a surface of the disk at a fixed rotational speed between the disk and the second slider; and calculate a flying height of the second slider using the measured maximum and minimum intensities pair and the measured second reflected light intensity.
US07751061B2	Non-contact apparatus and method for measuring a property of a dielectric layer on a wafer Non-contact apparatus and methods for evaluating at least one of the DC (or RF) dielectric constant, the hardness, and Young's Modulus of a dielectric material on a microelectronic workpiece under process and for generating a correlation factor that relates a measured IR spectrum to at least one of the dielectric constant, the hardness, and Young's Modulus of the dielectric material. A specific example of a method comprises measuring a thickness of the dielectric material on the process workpiece, irradiating the process workpiece with an IR source, and collecting and measuring an IR spectrum from the process workpiece. The measured thickness and at least a portion of the measured IR spectrum from the process workpiece are used with the correlation factor to determine at least one of the dielectric constant, the hardness, and Young's Modulus of the dielectric material. The determined value from the correlation factor is then stored and/or displayed.
US07751059B2	Method for correcting disturbances in a level sensor light path A level sensor for determining a height of a substrate. In one configuration, the level sensor forms part of a lithographic apparatus that includes a projection lens system. The level sensor generates one or more measurement beams and directs the measurement beam to a measurement spot on a substrate having a first reflecting surface, and produces a reflected measurement beam. The level sensor also generates one or more reference beams. A detector detects both the reflected measurement beam and the reference beam, respectively, and produces a measurement signal and a reference signal, respectively, the measurement signal being indicative for the height at the measurement spot. A processor that receives these signals and corrects the measurement signal based on the reference signal. In one configuration, the level sensor has an optical element arranged to direct the reference beam towards a detection branch via an optical reference path arranged to be insensitive to the position of the projection lens system and the first reflecting surface. In one configuration, the level sensor is configured to direct the measurement beam and reference beam along optical paths that are at least partially substantially equal in at least one of the reference branch and the projection branch.
US07751058B2	Optical rotation counter Optical rotation counter associated with a rotary disc of an angle sensor provided with means for coding the angular position of the disc, including at least one fixed source of coherent light emitting a light beam, a diaphragm and a support moved by the rotation of the coding disc. On its face facing the incident beam, the support includes at least one cell for coding its displacement orientated in the direction of the said displacement and generates an optical code by interference with the incident light beam, the said optical code being readable after interference on at least one photodetector.
US07751057B2	Magnetomotive optical coherence tomography A spectral-domain magnetomotive optical coherence tomography apparatus, includes (a) a spectral-domain optical coherence tomography device, and (b) a magnet. The magnet is coupled with the optical coherence tomography device so that changes in the magnetic field are coordinated with collection of data by the optical coherence tomography device. This device may be used to examine a sample by spectral-domain magnetomotive optical coherence tomography, which includes examining the sample with a spectral-domain optical coherence tomography device, to collect optical coherence tomography data. The sample contains magnetic particles, and the magnetic particles are subjected to a changing magnetic field during the examining.
US07751049B1	Photo sensing fluid contamination and quality monitor A fluid quality monitoring apparatus (100) comprising a fluid flow channel (120) having a photo sensing material (104) disposed upon a first surface and a light source emitting light (132) through an opposing light transitive surface (106). The condition of the fluid affects the absorption and reflection of the light. The penetrating light is received by the photo sensing material (104), which provides an output that can be utilized to analyze the condition of the fluid. The light can be provided via a plurality of LEDS, the incorporation of a radially distributed series of fiber optic strands, or any other light source. The sensing material can include defraction gratings, improving the monitoring process. The sensing material can be incorporated in a variety of configurations. The apparatus is preferably designed to be integrated between a fluid filter and the respective filter mounting bracket.
US07751048B2	Optofluidic microscope device Optofluidic microscope devices and methods of using optofluidic microscope devices, where each optofluidic device comprises a body with a fluid channel having a surface, light transmissive regions in the body wherein the light transmissive regions have different dimensions, an illumination source adapted to provide illumination through the light transmissive regions, and an optical detector adapted to receive light from the illumination source through the light transmissive regions. The light transmissive regions and optical detector can be used to image an object flowing through the fluid channel.
US07751041B2	Fluorescence detection apparatus A fluorescent detection apparatus relates to an analysis technique for qualitatively detecting or quantifying biomolecules by producing an evanescent field on a surface of a substrate, exciting fluorescently labelled biomolecules on the substrate surface in the evanescent field, and detecting the resultant fluorescent light emitted from the biomolecules. The fluorescent detection apparatus has a configuration in which a well is provided in a surface opposing to a sample substrate of a prism, the well is filled with a matching liquid, and the matching liquid is filled between the sample substrate and the prism, thereby improving operability and providing a stable evanescent field.
US07751040B2	Microchip with expansion channel and flowcytometer using this microchip Disclosed is a microchip for a flowcytometer. A channel is expanded around a point, on which laser beams emitted from an optical unit are focused, so that focused sample particles slow down when they pass the expanded portion. This improves the detection intensity of sample particles.
US07751035B2	Method and device to quantify active carrier profiles in ultra-shallow semiconductor structures A method and device for determining, in a non-destructive way, at least the active carrier profile from an unknown semiconductor substrate are disclosed. In one aspect, the method comprises generating 2 m independent measurement values from the m reflected signals and correlating these 2 m measurement values with 2 m independent carrier profile values. The method further comprises generating additional 2 m measurement values to allow determining the active carrier profile and a second parameter profile by correlating the 4 m measurement values with the 4 m profile values. The method further comprises generating a total of 2 m[n.k] measurement values to allow determining [n.k] independent material parameter depth profiles, each material parameter profile having m points.
US07751034B2	Systems and methods for ray tracing Systems and methods for evaluating an optical property of a gemstone operate to trace selected and ordered model light rays through a model of the gemstone. The rays may be selected such that, when ordered into a sequence, the points of contact of successive rays with the gemstone surface generate a pattern defined by a path created by the linking of successive contact points with line segments. Further, the rays may be propagated through the gemstone in a manner that utilizes an ordered set of facet identifiers corresponding to facets impinged upon by a ray previously propagated through the gemstone. Moreover, these strategies can be combined by propagating an ordered sequence of rays corresponding to an ordered set of contact points generating a pattern defined by a path, and using for such propagation an ordered set of facet identifiers corresponding to facets impinged upon by a ray previously propagated through the gemstone.
US07751031B2	Light application apparatus, crystallization apparatus and optical modulation element assembly A light application apparatus includes an optical modulation element provided with a plurality of phase steps, a light beam which is entered into the optical modulation element being phase-modulated by the phase steps and exits from the optical modulation element as a light beam having a first light intensity distribution. An optical system is arranged between the optical modulation element and an predetermined plane. The optical system divides the phase-modulated light beam into at least two light fluxes having second and third light intensity distributions and different optical characteristics from each other, and projects a light beam including the divided two light fluxes, the light intensity distributions of the projected light fluxes being combined with each other, so that the projected light beam has a fourth light intensity distribution with an inverse peak shape on the predetermined plane and enters the predetermined plane. The first to fourth light intensity distributions are different from each other on the predetermined plane.
US07751027B2	Lithographic apparatus and device manufacturing method Methods and apparatus for maintaining the thermal equilibrium of a substrate and an immersion lithographic apparatus are disclosed using or having a timetable comprising information regarding the position, speed and/or acceleration of the substrate; and an evaporation controller and/or condensation controller acting to decrease localized evaporation and/or increase localized condensation in response to the information in the timetable. Evaporation of liquid from the surface of the substrate cools it down, while condensing liquid on its bottom surface heats the substrate locally.
US07751023B2	Apparatus for rubbing alignment layer on a substrate An apparatus for rubbing an alignment layer on a substrate is disclosed. The apparatus includes a platform to support the substrate; a conveyance unit incorporating the platform to convey the substrate in a predetermined direction; a rubbing roller located above the platform for rubbing the alignment layer on the substrate; a combing unit located at one side of the rubbing roller for contacting with the rubbing roller; and at least one vacuum suction unit located at one side of the platform to suck and remove the particles released from the rubbing. The combing unit serves to smoothen a rubbing cloth on the rubbing roller, with a result of low static electricity accumulation on the substrate and of a better alignment effect on the alignment layer.
US07751022B2	Liquid crystal display device and method of fabricating the same A liquid crystal display device including a first substrate, a second substrate facing and spaced away from the first substrate, a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the first and second substrates, a switching device formed on the first substrate, a first electrically insulating film randomly patterned on the first substrate, a second electrically insulating film covering the first electrically insulating film therewith, and having a wavy surface, and a reflection electrode formed on the second electrically insulating film, and electrically connected to an electrode of the switching device, wherein a light passing through the second substrate and the liquid crystal layer is reflected at the reflection electrode, and the second electrically insulating film extends outwardly from the first electrically insulating film by a certain length at an end of a display region in which images are to be displayed, such that a step formed by the first and second electrically insulating films in the vicinity of the end of the display region is smoothed.
US07751021B2	Liquid crystal display and fabricating method thereof A liquid crystal display device and a fabricating method thereof for simplifying a process are disclosed. In the method of fabricating the liquid crystal display device, a first conductive pattern group including a gate line and a gate electrode, a common line and a common electrode, a pixel electrode and a pad is formed on a substrate. An insulating film including a plurality of contact holes and a semiconductor pattern is formed on the first mask pattern group. And a second conductive pattern group including a data line, a source electrode and a drain electrode is formed on an insulating film provided with the semiconductor pattern, and exposes an active layer of the semiconductor pattern.
US07751020B2	Liquid crystal display device with two kinds of projected portions on a substrate A liquid crystal display device includes first and second substrates, a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the first and second substrates, a pixel electrode formed on the first substrate, and a counter electrode formed on the second substrate. A plurality of projected portions are formed on the second substrate in a pixel area. The plurality of projected portions includes a first projected portion and a second projected portion, and the first projected portion is longer than the second projected portion in the pixel area.
US07751018B2	Liquid crystal display element comprising a liquid crystal injection path including an S-shaped structure with at least one corner A segment block 61, which is formed into a shape like the numeral eight (“8”) constituted by seven segments 63, is connected to the adjacent segment block 61 by way of liquid crystal injection paths 62, each of which has a key-type S-shaped structure. Within the segment block 61, two pairs of segments 63 each consisting of one left and one right segment and which are located on the opposing upper and lower sides, are mutually connected by way of liquid crystal injection paths 64, each of which has a key-type S-shaped structure, and three segments 63 located at the upper, middle and lower parts are respectively connected to the liquid crystal injection paths 64 by way of linearly structured liquid crystal injection paths 65 that are vertically branched respectively from the liquid crystal injection paths 64.
US07751013B2	Liquid crystal display device with common electrodes connected across gate signal lines utilizing bridge lines and connection portions TFTs are formed on a substrate. An interlayer insulation film is formed on the substrate to cover the TFTs. Lower layer portions of SD lines formed of a multi-layered film which are formed on the interlayer insulation film constitute a lower electrode of an organic EL layer. An uppermost layer of the SD line is formed of a chemically stable metal oxide film, and the SD layer is used as it is. On the other hand, as a lower electrode of an organic EL layer, an upper layer of the SD line is removed and an Al—Si, alloy film of the SD line is used. Due to such a constitution, it is possible to reduce a cost by shortening steps while holding the performance and the reliability of organic EL.
US07751012B2	Array substrate for in-plane switching mode liquid crystal display device and method of fabricating the same An array substrate for an IPS mode LCD device includes a gate line in a first direction on a substrate and a data line in a second direction over the substrate; a metal and a common lines in the second direction on the substrate and includes a plurality of first and second protruding portions in the first direction, respectively; a TFT connected to the gate and data lines; an insulating layer over the metal and common lines; a common electrode over the insulating layer and including a first common portion in the second direction and a plurality of second common portions in the first direction; and a pixel electrode over the insulating layer and including a first pixel portion in the second direction and a plurality of second pixel portions in the first direction, wherein the plurality of second common and pixel portions are alternately arranged.
US07751011B2	Method of fabricating a liquid crystal display device, comprising forming a protective film so that one end of the protective film is contacted with one end of the transparent conductive pattern. A method of fabricating a liquid crystal display device according to the present invention includes a first mask process of forming a first mask pattern group including a gate line, a gate electrode, a common line and a common electrode on a substrate, a second mask process of forming a gate insulating film on the first mask pattern group and a semiconductor pattern and an opaque conductive pattern on the gate insulating film, and a third mask process of forming a transparent conductive pattern on the opaque conductive pattern and forming a protective film, wherein one end of the protective film is contacted with one end of the transparent conductive pattern.
US07751010B2	Patterned vertically aligned liquid crystal display A liquid crystal display includes a gate line formed on a lower substrate, a storage line formed on the lower substrate, and a data line formed on the lower substrate crossing and insulated from the gate line and the storage line. The liquid crystal display also includes a pixel electrode formed on the lower substrate crossing and insulated from the storage line. The pixel electrode has a first aperture pattern. The liquid crystal display further includes a common electrode formed on an upper substrate and having a second aperture pattern, and a storage electrode connected to the storage line. The storage electrode overlaps the second aperture pattern. The storage line, first aperture pattern, and second aperture pattern each includes a straight portion slanting to the gate line. A long axis of a liquid crystal molecule is arranged perpendicular to a substrate when an electric field is not applied.
US07751009B2	Array substrate for in-plane switching mode liquid crystal display An array substrate is provided for an in-plane switching mode liquid crystal display device. The array substrate includes a substrate, a thin film transistor on the substrate, a gate line connected to the transistor, a data line crossing the gate line and connected to the transistor such that the crossed data line and gate line define boundaries of a pixel region, a pixel electrode disposed in the pixel region connected to the transistor, and a common electrode disposed in the pixel region. The pixel electrode has at least one vertical portion and a plurality of horizontal portions, and the common electrode has at least two horizontal portions and a plurality of horizontal portions. The vertical portion of the pixel electrode is between the vertical portions of the common electrode, and the horizontal portions of the common electrode cross the vertical portion of the pixel electrode.
US07751007B2	Display device and manufacturing method thereof A liquid crystal display device includes an orientation film on a liquid-crystal-side surface of at least one substrate out of respective substrates which are arranged to face each other with liquid crystal therebetween. The orientation film forms a pattern which is constituted of either a plurality of notches or holes which are spaced from one another on an edge of the orientation film which is beyond a periphery of a display region, and the pattern is formed along an entirety of the edge of the orientation film. The edge of the orientation film is formed along a periphery of the substrate.
US07751006B2	Optical element, liquid crystal display device member with the optical element, liquid crystal display device with the liquid crystal display device member, method of producing the optical element and method of evaluating birefringence functional layer The invention provides: an optical element that includes a birefringence functional layer constituted of a polymerizable liquid crystal material, in which the birefringence functional layer is formed directly or indirectly on a substrate, and in a post-process carried out thereafter, alignment and characteristics of the birefringence functional layer are not disturbed, with the result that a high quality birefringence control function can be exerted; a liquid crystal display device provided with the optical element; a method of evaluating a birefringence functional layer that is not disturbed in the alignment and physical properties by the post-process; and a method of producing the optical element. The optical element includes at least a light-transmitting substrate; and a birefringence functional layer made of a polymerizable liquid crystal material, wherein the birefringence functional layer is formed by aligning a polymerizable liquid crystal monomer having a polymerizable group at least at one terminal thereof directly or indirectly on a substrate followed by fixation, and a degree of reduction of residual double bonds in the birefringence functional layer before and after heat treatment at 250° C. for 1 hr is less than 0.25.
US07751004B2	Liquid crystal display device and electronic apparatus In a transflective type liquid crystal display device of an FFS system, a plurality of pixels has a transmissive display area for emitting transmissive display light and a reflective display area for emitting reflective display light, and the reflective display area is equipped with a retardation layer. Polarization axes of polarizers are perpendicular to each other and an alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer is parallel to or perpendicular to the polarization axis of the first polarizer. The angle of a slow axis of the retardation layer is not less than 20° and not more than 25° or not less than 60° and not more than 75° with respect to the polarization axis of the first polarizer. A retardation value of the liquid crystal layer in the reflective area exceeds a quarter wavelength, and a retardation value of the retardation layer exceeds a half wavelength.
US07751003B2	Liquid crystal display and method of manufacturing the same The invention relates to a transflective liquid crystal display capable of display in both of transmissive and reflective modes and a method of manufacturing the same and provides a transflective liquid crystal display which can achieve high display characteristics in both of the transmissive and reflective modes. A configuration is employed which includes a liquid crystal display panel having a pair of substrates and a liquid crystal layer sealed between the substrates, a pixel region including a reflective area having a reflector for reflecting light entering from the side of one of the pair of substrates and a transmissive area for transmitting light entering from the side of the other of the pair of substrates toward the one of the pair of substrates, a backlight unit having a reflector and a light guide plate for reflecting the light which has entered the transmissive area from the side of the one of the pair of substrates and which has been transmitted by the area to cause the light to enter the transmissive area again from the side of the other of the pair of substrates, and a color filter layer formed only in the transmissive area of the pixel region.
US07750998B2	Liquid crystal display device A liquid crystal display panel is provided with a light-shielding film, and a plurality of subpixels arranged in a matrix. The subpixels each include a first electrode formed on a first substrate, a second electrode formed to be located upper than the first electrode, and a color filter formed on a second substrate. The second electrode has a plurality of linear portions. The subpixels are disposed adjacently along the direction of display lines, and any two of the adjacent subpixels have the same color of color filter. The light-shielding film is formed on the second substrate not to cover the pixel boundary between the two adjacent subpixels but to cover pixel boundaries of the remaining subpixels. The second electrodes of the two adjacent subpixels are formed separately, and assuming that the two adjacent subpixels are first and second subpixels, at least the second electrode of the first subpixel is disposed also to an area of the second subpixel beyond the pixel boundary between the first and second subpixels. Such a configuration favorably increases an aperture ratio of a liquid crystal display device including a color filter.
US07750996B2	Liquid crystal display device To provide a liquid crystal display device to suitably perform color balance adjustment. For this, the liquid crystal display device includes pixel regions each including a light reflection portion and a light transmission portion on a liquid-crystal-side surface of one substrate out of respective substrates arranged to face each other in an opposed manner while sandwiching liquid crystal therebetween, wherein color filters are formed in pixel regions on a liquid-crystal-side surface of the other substrate out of the respective substrates, and each color filter is provided with an opening or notch at a part of a portion facing the light reflection portion in an opposed manner, material layers having a layer thickness substantially equal to a height of step generated by the color filters in regions facing the opening or notch of each color filter in an opposed manner on the liquid-crystal-side surface of one substrate.
US07750995B2	Liquid crystal display with polarizer having patterned layers of metal lines and retardation films Disclosed is a liquid crystal display. In the LCD, a reflective polarizer and an optical retarder are provided between an absorbing polarizer and a backlight unit. This structure recycles light that would ordinarily be removed by absorption in conventional LCDs to be used for the display, so that light efficiency and display luminance of the LCD may be improved.
US07750994B2	Flat panel display having integral metal heater optically hidden behind an EMI shield A flat panel display having a black mask EMI layer isolated from Vcom and tied to zero potential. The flat panel display has an integral metal heater layer and thermal sensor that are in close proximity to the liquid crystals to provide efficient heating and temperature sensing.
US07750992B2	Backlight assembly, liquid crystal display apparatus having the same and device for forming a particle interceptor in the backlight assembly To prevent particles from infiltrating into a display apparatus, a liquid crystal display panel supporting member includes a first particle interceptor and a second interceptor. The first particle interceptor is formed along the top face of the first supporting member frame portion facing a bottom plate of a liquid crystal display panel that is to be mounted on the liquid crystal display panel supporting member. The first particle interceptor has at least two cut portions. The second particle interceptor is disposed between the cut portions to prevent particles from infiltrating into the first particle interceptor. Thus, the liquid crystal display apparatus may prevent deterioration of its display quality.
US07750991B2	Backlight assembly and liquid crystal display device having the same A backlight assembly includes at least one lamp including a lamp electrode, at least one lamp socket holding the lamp, an inverter applying electric power to the lamp, and a receiving container including a socket receiving portion corresponding to an end portion of the lamp to receive the lamp socket and an inverter receiving portion for receiving the inverter. Therefore, a manufacturing process may be simplified, and manufacturing costs is decreased.
US07750990B2	Liquid crystal display device A liquid crystal display (LCD) device in which a movement of a light guide plate received in a mold frame can be minimized. A light guide plate has catching jaws and projections. The catching jaws are formed by cutting at least one corner of an end portion of the light guide plate receiving the light from the lamp unit. The projections extend outwardly from sidewalls of the catching jaws, which respectively have a thinner thickness than the catching jaws. A mold frame receives the light guide plate and the lamp unit and has catching bosses and recesses. The catching bosses are formed at positions corresponding to the catching jaws on a bottom surface of the mold frame to engage the catching jaws to fix the light guide plate in the mold frame. The recesses are formed at positions corresponding to the projections at sidewalls of the mold frame to receive the projections.
US07750988B2	Liquid crystal display with light blocking film to eliminate waterfall phenomenon A liquid crystal display includes a substrate, a gate line over the substrate, a gate dielectric over the gate line, a first semiconductor feature over the gate dielectric, a first drain electrode and a first data line overlapping with the first semiconductor feature, a pixel electrode connected to the first drain electrode and overlapping with the first data line, and a light blocking film overlapping with the first semiconductor feature and the first data line.
US07750987B2	Substrate for a display device, liquid crystal display device having the same and method of manufacturing the same A substrate for a display device includes an insulating substrate, a data line, an insulating layer and a pixel electrode. The insulating substrate has a switching element. The data line is formed on the insulating substrate to be electrically connected to a first electrode of the switching element. The insulating layer is formed on the insulating substrate having the switching element and the data line. The insulating layer has a contact hole through which a second electrode of the switching element is partially exposed and a groove adjacent to the data line. The pixel electrode is formed on the insulating layer to be electrically connected to the second electrode through the contact hole. Therefore, an image display quality may be improved, and a manufacturing cost of the LCD device may be reduced.
US07750986B2	Liquid crystal display apparatus A liquid crystal display (LCD) apparatus includes an upper substrate having an upper director, a lower substrate having a lower director, and a liquid crystal layer interposed between the upper substrate and the lower substrate. The upper director and the lower director aligning liquid crystals included in a liquid crystal layer to widen a viewing angle of the LCD apparatus. A storage electrode having a shape corresponding to the upper director and the lower director is arranged on the lower substrate so that the liquid crystals are rapidly aligned in a predetermined angle to increase an operating speed of the LCD apparatus.
US07750981B2	High-resolution autostereoscopic display A high-resolution autostereoscopic display is provided. The autostereoscopic display includes a controller; a display panel receiving an image signal from the controller, forming an image, and including pixels and an inactive area between the pixels; a polarizer polarizing light emitted from the display panel to have a first polarization; a polarization switching controller; a polarization switch selectively converting the light with the first polarization into light with a second polarization in response to the electrical control of the polarization switching controller; a selection controller; a first electro-optical birefringent layer having an optical axis that direction is changed by an electrical control of the selection controller and including a plurality of first lenticular lenses separated by a predetermined pitch; and a second electro-optical birefringent layer having an optical axis that direction is changed by the electrical control of the selection controller, includes a plurality of second lenticular lenses that are arranged with the same pitch as the first lenticular lenses are and shifted by half the pitch from the first lenticular lenses.
US07750975B2	BTSC pilot signal lock An integrated digital BTSC encoder with an improved pilot signal generator substantially implemented on a single CMOS integrated circuit. By digitally generating a sinusoid that is frequency locked to a two-state input reference signal using a high rate internal clock, a hardware-efficient BTSC pilot signal generator is provided with good acquisition and tracking performance. Implemented efficiently as a simple phase detector, a low-complexity loop filter, a pilot frequency offset adder, a phase accumulator and a sinusoidal generator, the invention enables lower-rate post-processing of the pilot tone without a costly variable interpolator decimator structures.
US07750973B2	Image pickup apparatus with frame rate conversion information output A pickup 1 generates a video signal based on an arbitrarily set frame rate. A frame rate converter 2 converts a frame rate of the video signal output from the pickup 1 into a predetermined frame rate. Frame rate conversion information output units 6 and 4 output information on frame rate conversion in a manner corresponding to a video signal after the frame rate conversion.
US07750956B2	Using a graphics processing unit to correct video and audio data Described is a device (e.g., a cell phone incorporating a digital camera) that incorporates a graphics processing unit (GPU) to process image data in order to increase the quality of a rendered image. The processing power provided by a GPU means that, for example, an unacceptable pixel value (e.g., a pixel value associated with a malfunctioning or dead detector element) can be identified and replaced with a new value that is determined by averaging other pixel values. Also, for example, the device can be calibrated against benchmark data to generate correction factors for each detector element. The correction factors can be applied to the image data on a per-pixel basis. If the device is also adapted to record and/or play digital audio files, the audio performance of the device can be calibrated to determine correction factors for a range of audio frequencies.
US07750954B2	Camera control device A camera control circuit stores an image picked up by a CCD into an internal memory. A CPU of a main processor circuit gives an instruction of reading out image data stored in the internal memory of the camera control circuit through buses and a slave access controller. The main processor circuit displays the image data which is read out on an LCD and performs other processings. With the above construction, in the electronic equipment having an image pickup function of a camera, it is possible to reduce time for image transfer from the camera control circuit to the main processor circuit.
US07750950B2	Image pickup apparatus and image processing method An image combined high sensitivity image and low sensitivity image is provided with well-adjusted white balance and broad dynamic range. The image is obtained by multiplying the combined data by total gain that depends on scene. A white balance is adjusted with gain value calculated from of high output image data. Lv value representing luminance is calculated and compared with a threshold to decide whether or not the high sensitivity image and the low sensitivity image should be combined. First gamma correction unit performs gamma-correction for the image signal derived from the high sensitivity signal with first gamma character, second gamma correction unit performs gamma-correction for the image signal derived from the low sensitivity signal with second gamma character that is different from the first gamma character, and addition unit combines the image signal from the first gamma correction unit and the image signal from the second gamma correction unit.
US07750949B2	Automatic flicker frequency detection device and method An image device, such as a digital camera, detects specific repeating patterns of signal variations by processing columnar information from the device's two-dimensional sensor array used to generate images. In one embodiment, the columnar information is derived from calculating row averages for two image frames, with each row average being a computed average of the multiple signal intensities generated from some or all of the sensors within a particular row. After the columnar information is determined for each of the two frames, a difference signal is generated as a sequence of the differences between the row averages for the first frame and the row averages for the second frame. This row averaging and frame differencing removes a large percentage of the signal energy that is not a result of the artifact of interest, such as the flicker generated by illumination having intensity fluctuations at 100 Hz or at 120 Hz. In some embodiments of the invention, the row averaging and/or the frame-to-frame comparison are deleted.
US07750945B2	Video signal processing device and image processing device It is an object of the present invention to provide a video signal processing device, which can produce a digital video signal, excellent in image quality, fully utilizing effective picture elements of the imaging element, without performing a special control of an imaging element driving unit.In accordance with a contour correction gain calculated based on a compression ratio detecting signal outputted from an image compressing unit 21, a contour correction unit 22 can carry out a contour correction on a compressed image. Accordingly, an NTSC/PAL encoder 24 can output a preferable video signal, which has been subjected to an appropriate contour correction. Moreover, a digital outputting unit 25 outputs an uncompressed video signal, and therefore can provide a preferable video signal without deteriorating the effective picture elements of an imaging element.
US07750943B2	Image processing device that removes motion blur from an image and method of removing motion blur from an image A shooting-information-detecting section detects shooting information from an image pick-up section. A motion-detecting section detects a motion direction of an image on an overall screen based on a motion direction of the image pick-up section contained in the shooting information. A processing-region-setting section sets a processing region in at least any one of a predicted target image and a peripheral image thereof, which correspond to a target pixel in the predicted target image. A processing-coefficient-setting section sets a motion-blur-removing-processing coefficient that corresponds to the motion direction detected in the motion-detecting section. A pixel-value-generating section generates a pixel value that corresponds to the target pixel based on a pixel value of a pixel in the processing region set in the processing-region-setting section and the processing coefficient set in the processing-coefficient-setting section. Motion-blur-removing processing can be accurately performed.
US07750942B2	Image processing apparatus and method, recording medium, and program for correcting camera shake The present invention relates to an image processing apparatus and method enabling to correct for camera shake given in image capturing, a recording medium, and a program. Discrete data pieces indicating shifts are obtained. The discrete data pieces are interpolated to obtain data indicating a shift every line. By the interpolation, a correction is calculated every line on the basis of the corresponding shift. On the basis of the corrections, pixel data read positions are determined. Pixel data is read based on the determined read positions. When a pixel to be read overlaps two pixels, pixel data of the pixel to be read is produced (interpolated) from pixel data pieces. In this manner, the effects of camera shake are corrected. The present invention is applicable to video cameras.
US07750938B2	Method and system for maintaining even tube burn-in An arrangement for maintaining even tube burn-in. The arrangement identifies active and inactive display regions on a display unit when video content is displayed on the display unit. When inactive display regions are identified the arrangement monitors the duration that the active display regions remain active. After the active display regions become inactive and a predetermined time period has passed the arrangement displays a corrective image on the identified inactive regions. The predetermined time period may be set by a user or based on the user's viewing habits.
US07750937B2	Surveillance camera system A surveillance camera system is disclosed in which an image obtained by a surveillance camera controlled to be panned/tilted is displayed on a monitor. The system includes a tilt angle detector which detects a tilt angle of the surveillance camera, an inversion tilt angle storage which stores data of a plurality of the predetermined inversion tilt angles, an inversion tilt angle setting unit which selects and sets either or any one of the inversion tilt angles stored on the inversion tilt angle storage, a tilt angle comparing unit which compares the tilt angle detected by the tilt angle detector with the inversion tilt angle set by the inversion tilt angle setting unit, and an image inversion processing unit which carries out a process of inverting the image obtained by the surveillance camera upside down and symmetrizing the image bilaterally when the tilt angle is equal to or larger than the inversion tilt angle as a result of comparison by the tilt angle comparing unit.
US07750936B2	Immersive surveillance system interface A surveillance system interface includes a displayed wide-angle image and a contemporaneously displayed narrower-angle image. The interface permits a user to select a view within the wide-angle image to indicate a region of interest. The narrower-angle image may then be made to correspond to the indicated region of interest.
US07750935B2	Apparatus for setting a data stream band width and associated methodology A data recording and/or reproducing apparatus and method in which, during a recording operation, the maximum bit rate of a transport stream may be detected and along with the transport stream written into a storage medium. During a reproducing operation, the recorded transport stream and maximum bit rate information may be read from the storage medium and a band width or rate for transferring data over a digital interface may be set in accordance with the read maximum bit rate information. As a result, the digital interface band may be utilized for transferring data with a relatively high efficiency.
US07750932B2	Exposing device and image forming apparatus having the same A light source, a polygon mirror mechanism, a deflection lens, and a mirror unit are housed in a casing. The mirror unit includes a base member of metal fixed to the casing and a mirror supporting plate attached to the base member. The mirror supporting plate is formed by a metal flat plate and includes a mirror supporting section. A holder member is attached to the mirror supporting section. An end of the mirror is held in the holder member by a spring member. The holder member is rotatable around an axis of the mirror. When the holder member is rotated, an angle of the mirror changes. After the angle of the mirror is adjusted, the holder member is fixed to the mirror supporting section by a fixing member.
US07750931B2	Optical scanning apparatus and image forming apparatus using the same Light sources emit light beams onto deflecting surfaces of a deflecting unit through incident optical systems. The deflecting unit deflects the light beams in a uniform direction to form images onto different surfaces to be scanned through imaging optical systems. An optical path length, or a distance from a deflection point of the deflecting unit to a surface to be scanned, of an imaging optical system to form an image onto a surface to be scanned closest to the deflecting unit is different from that of an imaging optical system to form an image onto a surface to be scanned farthest from the deflecting unit. Also, the following condition is satisfied: 0.85
US07750929B2	Method for controlling image forming apparatus An electrostatic latent image is formed by controlling the amount of light, the emission time, and the like, considering the spot diameters of a laser, without changing the charging bias, the developing bias, and the like so as to obtain a plurality of correlations between density patches and development contrasts faithfully representing the developing characteristics of an image forming apparatus in a short time.
US07750922B2	Transparency group computation on a graphics processing unit A new transparency group may be rendered and blended with other, previously rendered, transparency groups, by using the Porter-Duff algebra available on the GPU even though the transparency groups include pre-multiplied color and alpha information. Additionally, the number of copies of the back buffer (the image information for the previously rendered transparency groups) required to properly render, blend and combine the new transparency group into the image information of previously rendered transparency groups may be minimized.
US07750920B2	Method and apparatus for generating a color reference for a print image A method and apparatus for generating a color reference for an image to be printed for visualizing the same on a true-color monitor is disclosed. Lower-resolution image data are generated from high-resolution raster data for the image to be printed which are obtained from page description data for the image to be printed. The lower-resolution data are converted into display data which serve as color reference for the image to be printed and which can be visualized on a true-color monitor. An actual transmission characteristic is ascertained. The actual transmission characteristic ascertained is compared with a specified (desired) transmission characteristic, where, on the basis of this comparison, a correction curve is calculated which is required to arrive at the desired transmission characteristic starting with the actual transmission characteristic. The display data are ascertained using the calculated correction curve.
US07750919B2	Apparatus and method for enhancing device-adaptive color An apparatus and method for enhancing device-adaptive color is disclosed. The apparatus includes an auxiliary-gamut-setting unit which sets a boundary of a device-adaptive auxiliary gamut using information on a color gamut of a source device and information on a color gamut of a desired reference color space; a gamut-conversion unit which converts the color in the gamut of the source device into the color of the set auxiliary gamut; and a gamut-mapping unit which carries out gamut mapping of the color of the auxiliary gamut to a destination gamut of an image output device.
US07750914B2	Subdividing geometry images in graphics hardware A system may include a graphics memory, a data bus, a processor, and a vertex shader. The data bus may be operatively connected to the graphics memory. The processor may send vertex data to the graphics memory via the data bus. The vertex shader may read the vertex data from the graphics memory and may subdivide the vertex data into subdivided vertex data. The vertex shader may also write the subdivided vertex data to the graphics memory.
US07750903B2	Modeling reflections within an image sequence A simplified general model and an associated estimation algorithm is provided for modeling visual data such as a video sequence. Specifically, images or frames in a video sequence are represented as collections of flat moving objects that change their appearance and shape over time, and can occlude each other over time. A statistical generative model is defined for generating such visual data where parameters such as appearance bit maps and noise, shape bit-maps and variability in shape, etc., are known. Further, when unknown, these parameters are estimated from visual data without prior pre-processing by using a maximization algorithm. By parameter estimation and inference in the model, visual data is segmented into components which facilitates sophisticated applications in video or image editing, such as, for example, object removal or insertion, tracking and visual surveillance, video browsing, photo organization, video compositing, etc.
US07750902B2	Geospatial modeling system providing non-linear inpainting for voids in geospatial model cultural feature data and related methods A geospatial modeling system may include a geospatial model database and a processor. More particularly, the processor may cooperate with the geospatial model database for inpainting data into at least one void in geospatial model cultural feature data based upon propagating contour data from outside the at least one void into the at least one void.
US07750901B2	Telestrator system A telestrator system is disclosed that allows a broadcaster to annotate video during or after an event. For example, while televising a sporting event, an announcer (or other user) can use the present invention to draw over the video of the event to highlight one or more actions, features, etc. In one embodiment, when the announcer draws over the video, it appears that the announcer is drawing on the field or location of the event. Such an appearance can be performed by mapping the pixels location from the user's drawing to three dimensional locations at the event. Other embodiments include drawing on the video without obscuring persons and/or other specified objects, and/or smoothing the drawings in real time.
US07750897B2	Video processing apparatus, video processing method, and computer program A holding type display such as a liquid-crystal display for controlling motion blur is disclosed. A step edge detector detects an edge portion of a moving step edge in video data in an input frame or an input field. A corrector corrects a pixel value of a pixel at the edge portion of the step edge detected by the step edge detector, based on a spatial amount of motion of the corresponding pixel supplied by a motion detector.
US07750895B2	Navigating lists using input motions A method of navigating items on a display on a computing device with a touch sensitive input device is disclosed. Similar to a bike wheel, the list of items will rotate in relation to the velocity of the input applied including speed up, slow down, stop and change directions.
US07750892B2	Portable interactive communication systems The present invention includes interactive communication systems that incorporate several beneficial embodiments including an interactive tray system, an electronic presentation messaging system, an interactive podium, and a key drive system. The interactive tray system enables a single, transferable interactive unit to be fastened to a communication medium, turning into a fully interactive medium. The electronic presentation messaging system enables the e-mailing of presentations and notes to and from components of the interactive communication system. The interactive podium increases conventional podium mobility, enabling both the presenter, and podium, to move and be moved about the room without attention to wired connections. The key drive system replaces the conventional Y-connector of the key drive technology by effectively integrating the key drive in the device, thus only having one connector, and eliminating the need to change connectors from the key drive, to the USB connector, upon software driver loading.
US07750890B2	Movable barrier operator system display method and apparatus A movable barrier operator system operational component includes an integral display comprising at least one of a numeric display, an alphanumeric display, and a graphics display. The display can comprise an active display or an active interactive display and can further operate in conjunction with adjacent user-input interface opportunities. So configured, numerous user interface events can be highly leveraged to contribute to ease of installation and ease and reliability of use.
US07750889B2	Input device An input device, which detects a position of a movable object moving on a given plane and inputs an instruction, includes a first detection portion and a second detection portion. The first detection portion detects the position of the movable object in a first direction. The second detection portion detects the position of the movable object in a second direction crossed at right angle to the first direction. The first detection portion and the second detection portion detect movement amounts of the movable object in the first direction and in the second direction, based on a change of either a light quantity or a magnetic flux.
US07750886B2	Methods and devices for lighting displays Various devices and methods of lighting a display are disclosed. In one embodiment, for example, a display device includes a transmissive display configured to be illuminated through a back surface and a reflective display configured to be illuminated through a front surface. A light source is disposed with respect to the back of the transmissive display to illuminate the transmissive display through the back surface. A light pipe is disposed with respect to the light source to receive light from the light source and is configured to propagate the light such that this light provides front illumination of the reflective display.
US07750885B2	Liquid crystal display device and driving method A liquid crystal display device and driving method is provided. The liquid crystal display device includes a first data line to which a data voltage is supplied and a second data line separated from the first data line with a pixel row therebetween and connected to the first data line in top and bottom ends. A first gate line crosses the first and second data lines. A second gate line crosses the first and second data lines. A first switch device is operable to supply the data voltage from the first data line to a pixel electrode of an odd-numbered pixel row in response to the first scan pulse. A second switch device is operable to supply the data voltage from the second data line to a pixel electrode of an even-numbered pixel row in response to the second scan pulse.
US07750883B2	Liquid crystal display device and method for driving the same A liquid crystal display device including a liquid crystal panel, a gate driver configured to supply gate signals to gate lines on the liquid crystal panel, a data driver configured to supply data voltages to data lines on the liquid crystal panel, and a partial controller configured to control the gate driver to intercept a part of the gate signals to be supplied to the gate lines.
US07750875B2	Organic light-emitting diode display device and driving method thereof An organic light-emitting diode display device includes a first switch element turned-on in response to a first scanning signal during a first period to supply a data to a first node, and then maintaining an off-state during a second period, a driving device adjusting a current through an organic light-emitting diode element in accordance with a voltage of the first node; a reference voltage source providing a reference voltage that is capable of turning-off the driving device, a second switch element maintaining an off-state during the first period, and turned-on during the second period to supply the reference voltage to the first node, and a storage capacitor maintaining the voltage at the first node.
US07750874B2	Organic electro-luminescence display apparatus An organic electro-luminescence display apparatus including a substrate, data lines and scan lines, a plurality of first, second and third organic electro-luminescence units, at least one first source driver, second source driver and third source driver and a gate driver is provided. Data lines and scan lines are disposed on the substrate to define a plurality of pixel areas. Each first, second, and third organic electro-luminescence unit is disposed in corresponding pixel area. Each first, second, and third organic electro-luminescence unit is electrically connected with one of the data lines and scan lines correspondingly. Each source driver is disposed at one side of the substrate. The data lines electrically connected with the first, second and third organic electro-luminescence units are electrically connected with corresponding source drivers. The gate driver is disposed at another side of the substrate and electrically connected with the scan lines. The luminous efficiency can be enhanced.
US07750869B2	Dielectric and magnetic particles based metamaterials RF-optical metamaterials with (±∈, ±μ) figures-of-merit of interest are constructed from coupled magnetic and dielectric multi-resonant multi-disks (finite-size cylinders) or multi-sphere lattices arranged in a periodic or a random fashion to offer tailored magnetic and electric dipole moments. The present metamaterials include embedded particles arrays that provide coupled magnetic and electronic modes equivalent to L (inductor) and C (capacitor) circuit models. Novel arrangements of these dipole modes (L and C) tailor the transfer function to the physics of interest.
US07750862B2	Broadband antenna for a transponder of a radio frequency identification system A broadband antenna structure (10) for a transponder of a radio frequency identification system comprises—a loop resonator (12) with a feedpoint (14) for connecting with an electronic circuit (16), and—a dipole resonator (18) electrically connected to the loop resonator (12) and comprising two electrically isolated legs (20, 22).
US07750861B2	Hybrid antenna including spiral antenna and periodic array, and associated methods The hybrid antenna includes a spiral antenna, e.g. a log spiral antenna, and a patch array layer adjacent to the spiral antenna and including a passive periodic patch array of conductive patch elements. A conductive ground plane may be adjacent to the patch array layer, and a dielectric layer may be between the conductive ground plane and the patch array. The spiral antenna may include an upper antenna arm, a lower antenna arm and a dielectric sheet therebetween. Each of the upper and lower antenna arms may be a printed planar conductive trace that is wider at a distal end thereof with respect to a center of the log spiral antenna. The patch or periodic array layer operates in conjunction with the ground plane to couple energy into the spiral antenna and thereby improve low frequency antenna efficiency while maintaining electrically small dimensions.
US07750858B2	Drawer structure of rod-shaped body and apparatus having the same A drawer structure of a rod-shaped body, which does not require a complicated inner structure, is provided. In a present preferred embodiment, a structure draws a rod-shaped body out of a housing for housing the rod-shaped body. A guide for holding the rod-shaped body so that the rod-shaped body can be rotated about an axis and slid in the direction of the axis, and an encasing surface which crosses at a predetermined angle to the axis of the rod-shaped body are formed on the housing side. The rod-shaped body has an internal surface facing to the encasing surface, and a cap is formed at a tip of the rod-shaped body so that the internal surface may be a predetermined angle to the axis of the rod-shaped body. When the rod-shaped body is inserted into the guide and the rod-shaped body is rotated from a state where the encasing surface and the internal surface are contacted with each other, the rod-shaped body performs a translatory movement in an axial direction of the guide according to the cam effect.
US07750856B2	Fractal antennas and fractal resonators An antenna includes at least one element whose physical shape is at least partially defined as a second or higher iteration deterministic fractal. The resultant fractal antenna does not rely upon an opening angle for performance, and may be fabricated as a dipole, a vertical, or a quad, among other configurations. The number of resonant frequencies for the fractal antenna increases with iteration number N and more such frequencies are present than in a prior art Euclidean antenna. Further, the resonant frequencies can include non-harmonically related frequencies. At the high frequencies associated with wireless and cellular telephone communications, a second or third iteration, preferably Minkowski fractal antenna is implemented on a printed circuit board that is small enough to fit within the telephone housing.
US07750854B2	Combined speaker and antenna component A combined speaker and antenna arrangement for a communication terminal, includes a support structure carrying a first antenna element, and a second antenna element arranged at a predetermined distance from said first antenna element. The second antenna element is a conductive first portion of a sheet of flexible film. An elongated second portion of the flexible film, carrying a conductive lead, extends from adjacent to the first portion to a speaker connected to an outer end of the elongated second portion. The second, elongated portion, is bent such that the speaker is positioned between the film and the support structure, adjacent to an aperture in the first portion.
US07750850B2	Printed antenna A printed antenna (10) disposed on a substrate (90) includes a feeding portion (12), a first radiation portion (16), a second radiation portion (18), a matching portion (14), and a grounded portion. The feeding portion feeds electromagnetic signals. One end of the first radiation portion is electronically connected to the feeding portion, and the other end of the first radiation portion is a free end. One end of the second radiation portion is electronically connected to the feeding portion and the first radiation portion, and the other end of the second radiation portion is a free end. The second radiation portion includes a plurality of radiation segments forming at least one space, and the first radiation portion is accommodated in the space formed by the radiation segments. The matching portion is electronically connected to the feeding portion, for impedance matching. The grounded portion is located adjacent to the feeding portion.
US07750846B2	Receiver for radio positioning signals A GPS or Galileo receiver for radio positioning signals wherein at least a part of the computing of position related data based on radio signals received from a plurality of space vehicles is carried out by a processor (21) mounted on a graphic or sound card (20). The receiver thus makes use of available computing resources, thus achieving a lower Bill of Material.
US07750838B2	Measuring device The invention relates to a measuring device comprising a transmitter (6) for transmitting (38, 60) a measuring signal (16) that lies within a frequency range, a sensor (8) for receiving (40, 62) an evaluation signal (20) that has been induced by the measuring signal (16) and a control unit (10) for evaluating (42, 66) the evaluation signal (20) to produce a measured result. According to the invention, the function of the control unit (10) is to check the frequency range before the transmission (38, 60) of the measuring signal (16) for the presence of a signal (28) that is independent of the measuring signal (16).
US07750834B2	Encoder for a pipelined analog-to-digital converter In a pipelined analog-to-digital (AD) converter, if logically incongruent signals S1 and S2 are output from an AD converter section of a converter stage of the AD converter, a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) section is to be prevented from erroneously operating. When a logically incongruent combination of signals S1 and S2, such as S1=“H” and S2=“L”, is output from comparators that compare an input voltage VI to reference voltages +REF/4 and −REF/4, an encoder outputs a signal corresponding to a normal signal combination (S1=“L” and S2=“H”) to generate signals X, Y and Z that control switches of the DAC section. This eliminates the risk that the switches shall be turned on simultaneously, thus preventing the erroneous operation of the DAC section.
US07750833B2	D/A conversion circuit and semiconductor device A D/A conversion circuit in accordance with the present invention, which is provided with a switch swD, allows a writing operation of a voltage (a true gradation voltage) to be performed at a higher speed by first applying a first voltage (a voltage close to the true gradation voltage), which is supplied without passing through a resistor element, to an output line and then applying a second voltage (the true gradation voltage), which is supplied via the resistor element, to the output line. Thus, the present invention can provide a D/A conversion circuit capable of writing display data to liquid crystal cells with higher precision at higher speed, and a semiconductor device utilizing such a D/A conversion circuit.
US07750832B2	Cascaded integrated comb filter with fractional integration A cascaded integrator comb filter includes a first integrator that receives an input signal x[n] and provides an integrated signal, and a fractional integrator that also receives the input signal x[n] and provides a fractional integrated signal. A summer sums the integrated signal and the fractional integrated signal and provides a summed signal indicative thereof to a second integrator, which receives and integrates the summed signal to provide a second integrator output signal. A decimator unit receives the second integrator output signal and provides a decimated signal to a differentiator that receives the decimated signal and provides a differentiated signal.
US07750829B2	Scalable encoding and/or decoding method and apparatus A method and apparatus to scalably encode or decode an audio signal or a video signal. A signal distribution is considered after binarization is performed based on a tree structure. Thus, a decoding end can minimize generation of quantization errors and restore an original signal. In addition, only frequency components perceptually important in terms of human hearing are set to an upper layer and encoded without decreasing a bandwidth which is restored from an upper layer. Therefore, sound quality can be increased by decreasing quantization noise while maintaining a relatively large frequency bandwidth, and the degradation of a compression performance is prevented.
US07750828B2	Systems and methods for encoding and decoding data using selective substitution of conversion table Systems and methods for encoding and decoding data utilize selective substitution of a conversion table for converting data having a basic data length of m bits into a variable length code (d, k; m, n) having a minimum run of d (d>0), a maximum run length of k and a basic codeword length of n bits, wherein the systems and methods use a basic conversion table and a substitute conversion table for converting the data. The selective substitution of the conversion table in a preferred exemplary embodiment is based on control information of a data string and/or a variable length code string.
US07750826B2	Data structure management for lossless data compression An input stream of characters is received. A new string entry is added to a data structure based on a current portion of the input stream if the current portion fails to match any of a plurality of existing string entries in the data structure. An additional string entry is added to the data structure based on a combination of the current portion and a previous portion of the input stream, wherein the additional string entry corresponds to a subset of the combination that fails to match any of the plurality of existing string entries in the data structure. An output stream is generated that includes literal values of the characters and index values corresponding to string entries in the data structure that match portions of the input stream.
US07750823B2	Apparatus and method for channel allocation according to traveling direction in inter-vehicle communications An apparatus allocates a channel used for inter-vehicle communications according to a traveling direction. The apparatus includes a traveling direction determiner for determining whether or not a traveling direction of a vehicle is changed; and a channel allocator for allocating the vehicle a previously allocated channel or a new channel based on a determined result of the traveling direction determiner. Further, a method allocates a channel used for inter-vehicle communications according to a traveling direction. The method includes the steps of determining whether or not a traveling direction of a vehicle is changed; and allocating the vehicle a previously allocated channel or a new channel based on a determined result in the above step.
US07750819B2	Real-time detection of wafer shift/slide in a chamber Methods and systems for detecting wafer shift/slide in a semiconductor process chamber have been disclosed. The vibration amplitude is measured in terms of acceleration because an increase in vibrational acceleration correlates with an increase of displacement of a wafer. The vibration of a chamber is measured. External vibratory forces acting on the chamber may be transmitted to the wafer inside the chamber. The methods/systems determine if there is a net resultant force that may cause an unconstrained wafer to move from its original position in a chamber by measuring the relative chamber vibrations in three orthogonal directions. A tri-axial or three uni-axial accelerometers are mounted on a preferably exterior wall of the chamber to measure its vibration amplitude. The signal obtained as a function of time is then compared against a predetermined alarm amplitude to provide notification for corrective action.
US07750817B2	System and method using a scale for monitoring the dispensing of a beverage The present invention provides systems and methods for monitoring the dispensing of a beverage from a dispensing apparatus into a container using a scale and other devices. Methods of the present invention may perform the following steps: measuring a scale time for the container on a scale, measuring a end weight for the container on the scale, and determining that a dispense event has occurred for the beverage based on whether a tilt condition of a dispensing apparatus occurred substantially within the scale time and based on whether the end weight of the beverage dispensed into the container approximates a serving based on point-of-sale information. In some embodiments the tilt condition is measured by a sensor device that does not contact the beverage being dispensed. Further embodiments may use pour time and the weight of the dispensing apparatus. The determined dispense event may determine the brand of the beverage dispensed.
US07750806B1	Magnetic security tag assembly A security tag assembly structured to discourage unauthorized removal of merchandise comprising a base including at least one magnetomechanical member normally operatively oriented in an armed mode. The armed mode is at least partially defined by the magnetomechanical member demonstrating a vibration or mechanical resonance when exposed to a predetermined resonant frequency, such as when passing through or otherwise disposed in proximity to a monitoring alarm assembly. A stabilizing assembly comprising at least one stabilizing magnet is disposed and structured to expose said magnetomechanical member to a stabilizing magnet field sufficient operative characteristics to facilitate restoration or maintenance of the armed mode of the magnetomechanical member even when exposed to a disruptive magnetic field, such as when the magnetomechanical member is attempting to be disarmed by an unauthorized source.
US07750805B2	Apparatus for retrofitting automatic irrigation systems for animal and human deterrent control An apparatus for retrofitting automatic irrigation systems for animal and human deterrent control comprises at least one motion detector for placement within a bordered zone monitored for trespassers. The motion detector is adapted to detect a body entering said bordered zone and generate a trespasser signal having a unique ID. A programmable control receiver module receives the signal and activates a solenoid control valve to spray the trespasser with water.
US07750801B2	Method and system for providing tracking services to locate an asset The present invention is directed to a method of asset location. Location data is received from a cellular transmitter associated with a selected asset, which location data includes data representative of a cellular receiver with which direct communication with the cellular transmitter is made. The location data is then communicated to a tracking service system, which tracking service system includes a database representative of geographic locations associated with a plurality of cellular receivers. The database is then queried with received location data so as to generate geographic tracking data associated with a location of the cellular receiver, the geographic tracking data including display data adapted to generate a map image including a representative of a location of the selected asset. The geographic tracking data is then communicated to an associated security agency so as to allow for viewing of an image generated in accordance with the display data and at least one of tracking and interception of the selected asset.
US07750798B2	Wheel position detecting device that verifies accuracy of detection using trigger signal reception strength and tire air pressure detecting device including the same A wheel position detecting device and a tire air pressure detecting device including the wheel position detecting device are provided. The wheel position detecting device judges whether reception strength data is correct or incorrect based on whether reception strength indicated by the reception strength data (the reception strength data expresses the reception strength of a trigger signal transmitted from a receiver, provided in a vehicle body, to a receiver of a transceiver on each wheel) transmitted back to the vehicle-mounted receiver from each wheel-mounted transceiver is within a range set in advance. A transceiver is provided on each wheel. The wheel position detecting device judges whether to decide the wheel position using the reception data.
US07750794B2	Safety alarm for tractor-trailers An alarm system for use with unloading tractor-trailers includes an alarm that is physically located within the tractor-trailer and connected to a fixed structure located outside the tractor-trailer. If the tractor-trailer inadvertently pulls away from the loading dock while a forklift driver is in the trailer, the alarm will go off inside the trailer making the forklift driver aware of the movement of the trailer.
US07750791B2	Method of and apparatus for long distance reading of passive tags in radio frequency identification systems A method and an apparatus for reading passive tags affixed to objects to be identified and tracked by a radio frequency identification system are disclosed. An interrogating station sends radio-frequency inquiry signals toward the passive tags through an antenna array and receives the response signals from the tags through the same array. Electronic circuitry for processing such response signals has a phase conjugator submitting each received signal to phase conjugation, and the phase-conjugated signals are back transmitted to the passive tags. Retrodirectivity of the antenna array obtained through the phase conjugation allows a precise object identification and tracking also at relatively long distances.
US07750790B2	Fabric-based strain gauge The invention provides a strain gauge which includes a fabric base and at least one conductive yarn. In addition, the fabric base is weaved with a plurality of non-conductive yarns, and the fabric base thereon defines a sensing direction. Moreover, each of the conductive yarn is gimped by a textile process with one of the non-conductive yarns and is woven through the fabric base along the sensing direction. Furthermore, the at least one conductive yarn is capable of being applied by an electric power; when an external force acts on the fabric base, the geometrical property of the at least one conductive yarn alters so that a change of an electric property associated with the applied electric power is sensed to indicate an elongation of said strain gauge applied by the external force along the sensing direction.
US07750789B2	High-power breaker switch for a vehicle A breaker switch includes a connector housing having plug-in contacts and a socket housing having sockets. The connector housing has a fuse chamber having an opening through which a fuse can be inserted into the fuse chamber. A lever pivotably mounts the housings such that the connector housing is movable with the lever relative to the socket housing between starting and final positions. In the starting position the housings disengage such that the contacts and sockets disengage. In the final position the housings engage such that the contacts and sockets engage. A cover is movably connected to the connector housing to move between opened and closed positions. The cover opens the fuse chamber opening when opened and closes the fuse chamber opening when closed. When the cover is opened the cover prevents the connector housing from moving to the final position thereby preventing the contacts and sockets from electrically connecting.
US07750787B2	Impedance transformer and applications thereof An impedance transformer includes a first winding and a second winding. The first winding includes a first plurality of winding components, wherein each of the first plurality of winding components is on a corresponding layer of a first set of layers of a supporting substrate. The second winding includes a second plurality of winding components, wherein each of the second plurality of winding components is on a corresponding layer of a second set of layers of the supporting substrate and the first and second sets of layers are interleaved. The first winding has a first impedance within a desired frequency range and the second winding has a second impedance within the desired frequency range, where the first and second impedances are based on at least one of spacing, trace width, and trace length of the first and second plurality of winding components.
US07750784B2	Inductor structure An inductor structure includes a winding turn layer, a shielding layer, and a number of vias. The winding turn layer disposed above a substrate is formed by a number of turns connected in series and t has a first end and a second end. The first end is grounded. The shielding layer disposed between the winding turn layer and the substrate has a third end and a fourth end. At least two turns starting from the first end of the winding turn layer are projected onto the shielding layer. The vias are disposed between the winding turn layer and the shielding layer to at least electrically connect the third end and the fourth end of the shielding layer to a first turn of the winding turn layer. The first turn starts from the first end, and the winding turn layer and the shielding layer are electrically coupled in parallel.
US07750780B2	System and method for separating attached field emission structures An improved field emission system and method is provided that involves field emission structures having electric or magnetic field sources. The magnitudes, polarities, and positions of the magnetic or electric field sources are configured to have desirable correlation properties, which may be in accordance with a code. The correlation properties correspond to a desired spatial force function where spatial forces between field emission structures correspond to relative alignment, separation distance, and the spatial force function.
US07750779B2	System and method for controlling field emissions An improved field emission system and method is provided that involves field emission structures having electric or magnetic field sources. The magnitudes, polarities, and positions of the magnetic or electric field sources are configured to have desirable correlation properties, which may be in accordance with a code. The correlation properties correspond to a desired spatial force function where spatial forces between field emission structures correspond to relative alignment, separation distance, and the spatial force function.
US07750778B2	System and method for attachment of objects An improved field emission system and method is provided that involves field emission structures having electric or magnetic field sources. The magnitudes, polarities, and positions of the magnetic or electric field sources are configured to have desirable correlation properties, which may be in accordance with a code. The correlation properties correspond to a desired spatial force function where spatial forces between field emission structures correspond to relative alignment, separation distance, and the spatial force function.
US07750777B2	System and method for affecting field emission properties of a field emission structure An improved field emission system and method is provided that involves field emission structures having electric or magnetic field sources. The magnitudes, polarities, and positions of the magnetic or electric field sources are configured to have desirable correlation properties, which may be in accordance with a code. The correlation properties correspond to a desired spatial force function where spatial forces between field emission structures correspond to relative alignment, separation distance, and the spatial force function.
US07750774B2	Method for defining field emission structures using non-regular patterns An improved field emission system and method is provided that involves field emission structures having electric or magnetic field sources. The magnitudes, polarities, and positions of the magnetic or electric field sources are configured to have desirable correlation properties, which may be in accordance with a code. The correlation properties correspond to a desired spatial force function where spatial forces between field emission structures correspond to relative alignment, separation distance, and the spatial force function.
US07750769B2	Electromagnetic relay An electromagnetic relay includes a base including a fixed contact piece and a movable contact piece. The movable contact piece includes a movable contact point that is moved to contact and be separated from the fixed contact piece at a fixed contact point by driving the movable contact piece. The movable contact piece includes a terminal portion held in the base and partially protruding from the base, a first contact piece portion connected to the terminal portion and protruding from the base at a different position from the terminal portion, a bent portion connected to the first contact piece portion and changing a protruding direction gradually, and a second contact piece portion connected to the bent portion, extending in a different direction from a base portion, and provided with the movable contact point.
US07750752B1	Programmable SAW filter module Programmable SAW filter module are provided to overcome undesirable drawbacks, limitations and shortcomings associated with “in-line” SAW filters, such as insertion loss, propagation loss and strong signal capture effects. The programmable SAW filter modules remove the SAW structure from the primary signal path, adding signal gain to drive the splitter and using the SAW portion of the circuit as a programmable impedance element. The programmable SAW filter module includes an amplifier, an impedance, a surface acoustic wave propagation element, a splitter, input and output IDT electrodes, input and output interdigitated transducers, means for gain control and a combiner to combine or sum the signals received from the output IDT electrodes and form an output signal. The input and output IDT's are fully integrated circuits comprising the power splitter and power combiner functions, the phase shift, and gain functions. The embodiments include an amplifier and impedance preceding the input splitter, the amplifier preceding the input splitter with the impedance connected to the combiner, and placing programmable SAW devices in both branches of the circuit.
US07750746B2	Oscillator device and optical deflection device An oscillator device includes an oscillation system including an oscillator and a resilient supporting member, a driving member configured to supply a driving force to the oscillation system based on a driving signal, and a driving frequency control unit configured to control a driving frequency of a driving signal to be outputted to the driving member, wherein, when an oscillation frequency of the oscillator is to be changed from a current oscillation frequency to a target oscillation frequency, the driving frequency control unit temporarily outputs, to the driving member, a driving signal having a driving frequency which is made different from the target oscillation frequency, being changed from the current driving frequency and beyond the target oscillation frequency, thereby to cause the driving member to drive the oscillation system.
US07750745B2	Oscillator based on piezoresistive resonators An oscillator circuit has a first and a second piezoresistive resonator (1,2), each having a resonant frequency, each piezoresistive resonator having an input for driving the resonator, and each piezoresistive resonator having its input coupled directly to an output of the other of the resonators, to provide feedback according to a resistance of the respective resonator without amplification and without a phase shifter. This enables feedback without the need for another component to provide the phase shift. This means a simpler circuit can be used, which can facilitate greater integration and hence lower costs. By using piezoresistive resonators the need for an external crystal can be avoided, enabling greater integration and lower costs.
US07750744B2	Single-ended to differential translator to control current starved delay cell bias A method, system, and circuit device for interfacing single-ended charge pump output to differential voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) inputs to yield low duty cycle distortion from a VCO. A single-ended charge pump output is utilized to create a compliment differential voltage leg, while optimally centering the common-mode voltage level to interface to a current starved ring VCO. A replica of the VCO's current starved delay cell is implemented along with negative feedback to generate the compliment differential voltage leg. The single-ended charge pump output is coupled to a first transistor, while a second transistor is coupled to the output of an error amplifier. The error amplifier utilizes negative feedback to bias the second transistor, forcing the output of the replica circuit to equal a reference voltage.
US07750741B2	PLL circuit and semiconductor device A PLL circuit has a phase comparator to receive an input signal and a feedback signal, a charge pump controlled by an output of the phase comparator, a lowpass filter part to receive an output of the charge pump, a current controlled oscillator controlled by an output of the lowpass filter part, and a frequency divider to frequency-divide an output of the current controlled oscillator and to output the feedback signal. The lowpass filter part has an amplifier to receive the output of the charge pump and a reference voltage, and a circuit part including capacitors and resistors to receive the output of the charge pump and an output of the amplifier.
US07750738B2	Process, voltage and temperature control for high-speed, low-power fixed and variable gain amplifiers based on MOSFET resistors An integrated circuit includes a first, diode-connected MOSFET and a second, linearly operated MOSFET serving as resistor. A current source may provide a current such that the second MOSFET shows a transconductance constant over temperature and process variations. In one embodiment the MOSFET devices are included in a variable gain amplifier for adjusting the gain.
US07750737B2	Common mode stabilization in a fully differential amplifier A fully differential amplifier circuit provided according to an aspect of the present invention contains a stabilization block to measure the common mode component at the output of an input stage, and to inject a current proportionate to the common mode component into each of a pair of paths forming the output of the input stage to stabilize a feedback loop formed by the input stage, an output stage and a common mode feedback block. In an embodiment, the stabilization block contains a buffer to receive the measured common mode component and to provide a buffered output. The injected current is generated based on the buffered output. Due to the presence of the buffer, the differential loop may not be affected by injection of the additional current, thereby avoiding any distortions in the output signal.
US07750734B2	Apparatus and methods for amplifiers Circuits and methods for reducing distortion in an amplified signal are disclosed. The circuits and methods may use multiple single-ended gain stages to produce multiple amplified signals. The amplified signals may be processed in combination to produce a resulting output signal having little, or no, distortion. The circuits may be implemented on a single chip as integrated circuits.
US07750733B2	Systems and methods of RF power transmission, modulation, and amplification, including embodiments for extending RF transmission bandwidth Methods and systems for vector combining power amplification are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, a plurality of signals are individually amplified, then summed to form a desired time-varying complex envelope signal. Phase and/or frequency characteristics of one or more of the signals are controlled to provide the desired phase, frequency, and/or amplitude characteristics of the desired time-varying complex envelope signal. In another embodiment, a time-varying complex envelope signal is decomposed into a plurality of constant envelope constituent signals. The constituent signals are amplified equally or substantially equally, and then summed to construct an amplified version of the original time-varying envelope signal. Embodiments also perform frequency up-conversion.
US07750731B2	PWM loop filter with minimum aliasing error One embodiment of an apparatus for filtering an electrical signal includes a loop filter with an input and an output that applies a transfer function to a signal at the input. The transfer function has substantially no real part. The loop filter has a dominant pole placed substantially at or above an upper frequency in the frequency range of interest for the loop filter.
US07750730B2	Bandpass filter circuit A semiconductor integrated circuit device provided with an input terminal supplied with a reference frequency signal from outside of the device, a bandpass filter circuit coupled to the input terminal and outputting an internal reference frequency signal and a PLL circuit coupled to the bandpass filter circuit to receive the internal reference frequency signal. The input terminal is supplied with the reference frequency signal generated by a quartz oscillator or the like mounted on the exterior of the semiconductor integrated circuit device. In response to the signal supplied to the input terminal, the bandpass filter circuit restricts components in a bandwidth except for the frequency of the reference frequency signal, and thus supplies the reference signal to the PLL circuit. The PLL circuit operates by using the reference frequency signal as the reference signal.
US07750729B2	Internal voltage generator An internal voltage generator is disclosed. The internal voltage generator may include a comparator for controlling a voltage of a first node in response to a voltage difference between a reference voltage and an internal voltage, an internal voltage driving portion connected between a driving node and an internal voltage node to apply the internal voltage to the internal voltage node in response to a voltage level of the first node, and/or a leakage current interrupting portion to apply an external voltage to the first node to deactivate the internal voltage driving portion and to interrupt the external voltage applied to the driving node to interrupt a leakage current.
US07750727B2	Voltage generating circuit A voltage generating circuit for outputting a voltage from an output terminal, has a first voltage dividing circuit which is connected between the output terminal and ground; a switch circuit connected between the output terminal and the first voltage dividing circuit; a first voltage detecting circuit which outputs a first pumping signal corresponding to a comparison result; a second voltage dividing circuit which is connected between the output terminal and the ground; a second voltage detecting circuit which outputs a second pumping signal corresponding to a comparison result; a pump circuit that outputs a voltage boosted from a power supply voltage; and a boost circuit which has a capacitive element having one end connected to the voltage dividing resistor of the first voltage dividing circuit.
US07750725B2	Stabilizing methods for current source A stabilizing current source circuit is provided. The stabilizing current source circuit is used for stabilizing a current provided by a current source, and the current of the current source increases when temperature rises. The stabilizing current source circuit comprises a current source circuit and an adjustment circuit. The current source circuit provides a current that increases when temperature rises. The adjustment circuit is coupled to the current source circuit and provides an input current that increases when temperature rises. The current of the current source is subtracted from the input current to generate a current source current which does not vary with temperature.
US07750722B2	Charge pump circuit and nonvolatile memory A charge pump circuit has an input voltage generating circuit and a voltage step-up circuit. The input voltage generating circuit has a constant current circuit that generates a constant current, a charge transfer correction device that generates a correction voltage based on the constant current, a constant voltage circuit that generates a constant voltage, and a buffer amplifier that outputs an input voltage obtained by adding the correction voltage to the constant voltage. The voltage step-up circuit has charge transfer devices, capacitors and a clock driver. The charge transfer devices are connected in series to an output terminal of the buffer amplifier and are made of the same element as and have substantially the same characteristic as that of the charge transfer correction device. Each of the capacitors has one end connected to each connection point of each of the plurality of charge transfer devices. The clock driver uses the input voltage as a power supply voltage, generates clock pulses having opposite phases based on the power supply voltage, and alternately supplies the clock pulses to another end of each of the plurality of capacitors.
US07750721B2	Reference current circuit and low power bias circuit using the same A reference current circuit has an input configured to receive an input current, a first transistor, a second transistor, and an output configured to provide a reference current. The input is directly connected to a control input of the second transistor and a first terminal of the first transistor, and is connected via a first resistor to a control input of the first transistor. The output is connected to a first terminal of the second transistor. A reference node is connected via a second resistor to the control input of the first transistor, directly to a second terminal of the first transistor and via a third resistor to a second terminal of the second transistor.
US07750720B2	Circuit arrangement and a method for galvanically separate triggering of a semiconductor switch A circuit arrangement and a method for the DC-isolated driving of a semiconductor switch, wherein the circuit arrangement has a control circuit, a driver, a transformer for the DC-isolated transfer of a drive signal from the controller as switching signal into the driver and means for rectifying the switching signal, wherein the driver contains the semiconductor switch having a gate, a source and a drain, wherein the semiconductor switch can be switched by a predetermined first voltage between the gate and the source with the result that a predetermined current flows between the drain and the source, wherein the switching signal can be applied to the gate in order to switch the semiconductor switch, wherein the driver contains a control transistor having a base, an emitter and a collector, wherein the control transistor can be switched by a predetermined second voltage between the base and the emitter, with the result that the gate of the semiconductor switch can be connected to the source of the semiconductor switch via the emitter and the collector in order to change over the semiconductor switch, wherein voltage generating means are provided for generating a third voltage, rectified with respect to the second voltage, between the base and the collector of the control transistor.
US07750714B2	Semiconductor device having input circuit with output path control unit A semiconductor device minimizes generation of an output signal skew of an input buffer and thus stabilizes the operation of the semiconductor device. The semiconductor integrated circuit includes an input potential detection unit outputting a detection signal in response to a level of an input signal, an input buffer buffering the input signal, and an output path control unit that receives the output signal of the input buffer and the detection signal of the input potential detection unit and outputs an output driving signal in response to the level of the detection signal.
US07750713B2	Spread spectrum clock generator A spread spectrum clock generator for sequentially modulating a source clock of a fixed frequency with a predetermined frequency range, including: a plurality of first loading units configured to delay clock edges of the source clock by a delay time corresponding to the number of unit delay steps determined by delay step control signals, wherein each of the first loading units comprises a plurality of second loading units each of which is configured to vary a delay value of each unit delay step by changing an inner interconnection configuration thereof in response to unit delay step control signals.
US07750712B2	Timing control circuit, timing generation system, timing control method and semiconductor memory device A timing control circuit DLY1 receives clock signal CKa with period T1 and activation signal ACT and outputs fine timing signal FT with delay of mT1+tda measured from the clock signal where m denotes a non-negative integer and tda denotes delay in the analog delay element. The timing control circuit DLY1 comprises a coarse delay circuit CD and a fine delay circuit FD. The coarse delay circuit CD comprises a counter for counting a rising edge of the clock signal CKa after receiving activation signal ACT and outputs coarse timing signal CT with delay of mT1 measured from a rising edge of the clock signal CKa. The fine delay circuit FD comprises a plurality of analog delay elements and outputs fine delay timing signal FT with delay of tda measured from the coarse timing signal CT. Variation in delay of timing signal is reduced.
US07750711B2	Phase select circuit with reduced hysteresis effect A phase signal select circuit includes a supporting path coupled to a tri-state inverter circuit. The supporting path reduces effects of hysteresis on signal transfer. An apparatus includes at least one input node responsive to a respective one of at least one input signal. The apparatus includes at least one circuit coupled to a respective one of the at least one input node and coupled to an output node. Individual ones of the at least one circuit are configured to provide a version of the respective input signal to the output node in response to a first state of a respective select signal. The apparatus includes at least one second circuit coupled to a respective one of the at least one circuit. The at least one second circuit is configured to toggle nodes of the at least one circuit in response to a second state of the respective select signal.
US07750710B2	Delay circuit A delay circuit has a second delay element 8 supplied with a delay time control signal Vcntl from a frequency variable oscillator 2 including a first delay element 8 of which delay time as a concomitant of signal propagation is controlled by a delay time control signal and a phase inverting element 9 inverting a phase of the signal, and an adjusting element 10, connected in series to the second delay element 8, to which the signal is propagated, wherein a total of the delay time of the second delay element 8 and the delay time of the adjusting element 10 is adjusted.
US07750701B2	Phase-locked loop circuits and methods implementing multiplexer circuit for fine tuning control of digitally controlled oscillators Circuits and methods are provided in which fine tuning control of a DCO (digitally controlled oscillator) circuit in a digital PLL circuit is realized by dither controlling a multiplexer circuit under digital control to selectively output one of a plurality of analog control voltages with varied voltage levels that are input to a fractional frequency control port of the DCO to drive tuning elements of the DCO at fractional frequency resolution and achieve continuous fine tuning of the DCO under analog control.
US07750697B2	Fractional-N phased-lock-loop (PLL) system In one general embodiment, a fractional-N phased-lock-loop (PLL) structure comprises a first circuit located on an integrated circuit, where the first circuit includes a voltage controlled oscillator for generating a periodic output signal, a phase detector for controlling the voltage controlled oscillator, a charge pump for modifying an input to the voltage controlled oscillator, a frequency divider in a feedback path for modifying a frequency of the output signal, a first multiplexer, and a first random number generator. The fractional-N phased-lock-loop (PLL) structure further comprises a second circuit including a second multiplexer and a second random number generator, wherein the second circuit is a programmable circuit located off the integrated circuit and coupled to the first circuit. Additional systems and structures are also presented.
US07750692B2	Digital divider for low voltage LOGEN Digital divider for low voltage LOGEN. LOGEN is a local oscillator generator. One implementation presented herein provides for a pseudo-complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS), in that, it is not a true CMOS type circuitry that has no DC current dissipation, but nevertheless does operate well at relatively high frequencies and relatively low power supply voltage levels. Appropriately placed p-channel metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors (P-MOSFETs) and n-channel MOSFETs (e.g., N-MOSFETs) are employed to provide for an all digital divider circuitry. In some embodiments, four active circuitry element levels are stacked between a power supply voltage and ground voltage level. In other embodiments, three active circuitry element levels are stacked between a power supply voltage and ground voltage level. The three active circuitry element levels embodiment provides for a greater area savings (e.g., because of the fewer elements) and also provides reduced input capacitance than the four active circuitry element levels embodiment.
US07750688B2	High speed CMOS output buffer for nonvolatile memory devices An output CMOS buffer includes MOS enhancement transistors and has a second complementary pair of natural or low threshold transistors, connected respectively in parallel to transistors of opposite type of conductivity of the complementary pair of enhancement MOS transistors of the final buffer stage. The gate terminals of the pair of natural or low threshold transistors are controlled by respective inverters, each supplied through a slew rate limiter of the slope of the driving current and are respectively connected between the positive supply node of the output buffer and a negative (below ground potential) node and between the common ground node of the output buffer and a positive supply node. The negative voltage and the positive voltage on the nodes are at least equal to the absolute value of the threshold voltage of the natural or low threshold transistors.
US07750686B2	Circuit and method for matching current channels The present invention discloses a current-matching method comprising steps of: providing a plurality of current channels; grouping the plurality of current channels into W sets, each of which has Q channels; and matching the channels of the same set in current, where both W and Q are integers greater than or equal to 2. The present invention also discloses a current-matching circuit including hierarchical tree structure having two or more levels, each of which includes multiple matching devices, wherein each matching device at a preceding level corresponds to a predetermined number of matching devices at a next level. Respective matching devices at a last level control currents in respective current channels; the channels of the same group are matched with one another in current.
US07750685B1	Frequency measurement based frequency locked loop synthesizer A first embodiment of the present invention relates to a frequency and phase locked loop (FPLL) synthesizer having a frequency-locked loop (FLL) operating mode and a phase-locked loop (PLL) operating mode. The FLL operating mode is used for rapid coarse tuning of the FPLL synthesizer and is followed by the PLL operating mode for fine tuning and stabilization of the frequency of an output signal from the FPLL synthesizer. A second embodiment of the present invention relates to a high resolution frequency measurement circuit that is capable of directly measuring the frequency of a high frequency signal to provide a high resolution frequency measurement using a lower frequency reference signal, and may include linear feedback shift register (LFSR) circuitry and LFSR-to-binary conversion circuitry. A third embodiment of the present invention relates to an FPLL having an FLL that includes the high resolution frequency measurement circuit.
US07750677B2	CMOS back-gated keeper technique A novel methodology for the construction and operation of logical circuits and gates that make use of and contact to a fourth terminal (substrates/bodies) of MOSFET devices is described in detail. The novel construction and operation provides for maintaining such body-contacted MOSFET devices at a lower threshold voltage (VTh) when actively on (to increase overdrive and performance), and at a higher relative threshold voltage when off (to reduce leakage power). Because the threshold potential of a gate moves inversely to its body potential, it follows then that in general, the body of a given device must be tied to the inverse of the device's drain voltage to achieve such a desirable threshold potential modulation effect for improved device, circuit, gate and logical family operation.
US07750675B2	Method for running state machines A method and computer program product for running state machines by the steps of running at least a first and a second state machine in parallel, observing at least the first state machine for at least one first synchronization rule, and changing the state of the second state machine when the first synchronization rule applies.
US07750672B2	Element controller for a resilient integrated circuit architecture The exemplary embodiments provide a resilient integrated circuit. An exemplary IC comprises a plurality of composite circuit elements, a state machine element (SME), and a plurality of communication elements. Each composite circuit element comprises an element controller, an element interface and a selected circuit element which may vary by element type, and which may be configurable. The state machine element assigns various functions based on element type, such as assigning a first configuration to a first element type, assigning a second configuration to a second element type, and providing a first data link for the corresponding assignments. The element controller controls the execution of data operations by the circuit element. Function assignment, routing, fault detection, and re-assignment and data re-routing can occur in real time for a wide variety of programs and algorithms, providing for the IC to continue the same functioning despite defects which may arise during operation.
US07750671B2	Nonvolatile programmable logic circuit A nonvolatile programmable logic circuit using a ferroelectric memory performs a nonvolatile memory function and an operation function without additional memory devices, thereby reducing power consumption. Also, a nonvolatile ferroelectric memory is applied to a FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), thereby preventing leakage of internal data and reducing the area of a chip.
US07750670B2	System and method for dynamically executing a function in a programmable logic array A reconfigurable logic array (RLA) having a logic capacity and configured to process a function having a total logic requirement that exceeds the logic capacity of the RLA. The RLA includes first and second storage regions and a plurality of programmable logic elements located between the first and second storage regions. When the function is parsed into a plurality of functional blocks, this configuration allows the RLA to process the function by sequentially processing the functional blocks in alternating directions within the RLA, using the plurality of programmable logic elements to sequentially process each of the functional blocks and using the first and second storage regions to temporarily hold the input and output for that one of the functional blocks.
US07750658B2	Integrated circuit and testing circuit therein for testing and failure analysis A testing circuit includes at least two contact terminals and a plurality of first resistors. The contact terminals are located on a substrate and respectively connected to two ends of an original circuit on the substrate. The first resistors are embedded in the substrate and respectively connected to a plurality of devices of the original circuit in parallel or in series.
US07750654B2	Probe method, prober, and electrode reducing/plasma-etching processing mechanism A probe method of this invention includes a step of reducing an electrode of a wafer by using a forming gas, and a step of bringing the electrode and a probe pin into contact with each other in a dry atmosphere. The probe method further includes, prior to a reducing process of an electrode of the object to be tested, placing the object to be tested in an inert gas atmosphere and heating the object to be tested. The reducing process is performed by bringing a reducing gas into contact with the electrode of the object to be tested under atmospheric pressure.
US07750652B2	Test structure and probe for differential signals A test structure including a differential gain cell and a differential signal probe include compensation for the Miller effect reducing the frequency dependent variability of the input impedance of the test structure.
US07750649B2	Methods and systems for detecting a capacitance using switched charge transfer techniques Methods, systems and devices are described for detecting a measurable capacitance using charge transfer techniques. According to various embodiments, a charge transfer process is performed for two or more times. During the charge transfer process, a pre-determined voltage is applied to the measurable capacitance, and the measurable capacitance is then allowed to share charge with a filter capacitance through a passive impedance that remains coupled to both the measurable capacitance and to the filter capacitance throughout the charge transfer process. The value of the measurable capacitance can then be determined as a function of a representation of a charge on the filter capacitance and the number of times that the charge transfer process was performed. Such a detection scheme may be readily implemented using conventional components, and can be particularly useful in sensing the position of a finger, stylus or other object with respect to an input sensor.
US07750645B2	Method of wafer level transient sensing, threshold comparison and arc flag generation/deactivation A method for processing a semiconductor wafer in a plasma reactor comprises sensing transient voltages or currents on a conductor coupled to the wafer and providing a first comparator for comparing the transient voltages or currents with a threshold level stored in the comparator. The method further includes transmitting from the comparator an arc flag signal whenever a transient voltage or current is sensed that exceeds the threshold level, and deactivating the power generator in response to the arc flag signal.
US07750644B2	System with multi-location arc threshold comparators and communication channels for carrying arc detection flags and threshold updating A plasma reactor system for processing a wafer in which respective comparators are coupled to the respective RF transient sensors which are coupled in turn to respective RF power application points. The comparators have respective comparison thresholds. The system further includes a controller programmed to updating the respective thresholds of the comparators with respective updated thresholds for different ones of the steps of the process recipe.
US07750638B2	Measuring device A measuring device (1) for detecting signals, particularly signals in an ignition system of an internal combustion engine, has a signal line (2); and a measuring electrode (3) connected to the signal line (2) for coupling a signal to be detected into the signal line (2), wherein the measuring electrode has a flexible tip (4) , wherein the tip (4) includes tubular segments (4′); wherein one end of a segment (4′) is pivotably inserted into another end of another segment (4′); and wherein the tip (4) including the tubular segments (4′) is lockable into position in a bent state.
US07750635B2	RF receive coil assembly with individual digitizers and means for synchronization thereof The invention relates to a device (1) for magnetic resonance imaging of a body (7) placed in a stationary and substantially homogeneous main magnetic field comprising a main magnet (2) for generation of a stationary and substantially homogeneous main magnetic field within the examination zone. In order to provide an MR device (1) which is arranged to allow for massive parallel imaging without extensive cabling between the individual receiving coils and the back end electronics, the invention proposes to make provision for a plurality of receiving units (10a, 10b, 10c) placed in or near the examination zone, which receiving units (10a, 10b, 10c) each comprise a receiving antenna (12a, 12b, 12c) for receiving MR signals from the body, a digitizing means (21a, 21b, 21c) for sampling the received MR signals and for transforming the signal samples into digital signals, and a transmitter (22a, 22b, 22c) for transmitting the digital signals to a central processing unit (13). Further, the device (1) comprises synchronization means (17) for synchronizing the operation of the individual digitizing means (21a, 21b, 21c) of the receiving units (10a, 10b, 10c).
US07750634B1	Methods and apparatus for detecting elements and compounds A method is disclosed for detecting a target substance comprises sensing one or more physical properties that affect a Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) frequency of a substance, calculating an output frequency by using the one or more physical properties and an NMR frequency associated with the target substance, generating and sending an electrical signal to a detection module, the electrical signal having the calculated output frequency; receiving an indication of the location of the target substance at the detection module.
US07750630B2	Magnetic resonance device and method for energizing receiving units The invention relates to a device (1) for magnetic resonance imaging of a body (7), comprising a main magnet (2) for generation of a stationary and substantially homogeneous main magnetic field within the examination zone, a plurality of wireless receiving units (10a, 10b) placed in or near the examination zone, and sampling means (21a, 21b) operating at a variable sampling frequency for sampling the received MR signals and for converting them into digital signal samples. The invention proposes to make provision for energizing means (17) generating an RF energizing field within the examination zone for inductively supplying electric power to the wireless receiving units (10a, 10b), wherein the frequency of the RF energizing field is an integer multiple of the sampling frequency.
US07750627B2	Magnetic film sensor having a magnetic film for generating a magnetostriction and a depressed insulating layer A magnetic film sensor comprises a magnetic film for generating a magnetostriction, and a magnetostrictive structure for generating a magnetostriction in the magnetic film. The magnetostrictive structure is constructed so as to generate a magnetostriction by curving the magnetic film, for example. The magnetostrictive structure is obtained, for example, by providing a depressed insulating layer having a surface formed with a depression and forming the magnetic film across the depression.
US07750626B2	Method and apparatus for eddy current detection of material discontinuities A method of eddy current testing without the need for lift-off compensation. Signal response features similar to those used in pulsed eddy current techniques are applied to conventional (harmonic) eddy current methods. The described method provides advantages in terms of data storage, since only two response parameters, the amplitude and phase, are sufficient to reconstruct any sinusoidal signal, therefore allowing for scanning of large surfaces.
US07750625B2	Linear position sensor A sensor assembly for measuring a linear position includes a slider having a rack gear that engages a pinion gear. The pinion gear is rotatable relative to the slider responsive to linear movement. The pinion gear supports a permanent magnet that generates a magnetic field. Changes in the magnetic field caused by rotation of the pinion gear are sensed by a magnetic field sensor. Signals from the magnetic field sensor are indicative of a rotation of pinion gear and correspond to linear movement of the slider.
US07750621B1	Clamp meter for measuring consumption of current and power of electrical product A clamp meter is provided for measuring consumption of current and power of an electrical appliance. The clamp meter includes a power inlet port and a power outlet port that are in controlled connection with each other. A current detection element is arranged between the power inlet port and the power outlet port. When the power inlet port is connected to a power source and the power outlet port is connected to an electrical appliance to be detected, with the electrical appliance turned on, the current detection element detects and converts the current flowing through the power outlet port into a digital signal, which is displayed on a display device mounted on the clamp meter, whereby, through the data and information displayed on the display device, a user may get aware of the power consumption of the electrical appliance and abnormality of power consumption thereof.
US07750618B1	System and method for testing a clock circuit A test circuit determines whether a frequency of an output clock signal of a clock circuit is above an output threshold frequency. An input clock signal of the clock circuit is set to an elevated frequency that is higher than a specified frequency. A first counter counts the number of clock cycles of the input clock signal in a test interval to within a tolerance of the elevated frequency. The tolerance of the elevated frequency is higher than a tolerance of the specified frequency. A second counter counts the number of clock cycles of a feedback clock signal in the test interval. A comparator determines whether the frequency of the output clock signal is above the output threshold frequency based on the number of clock cycles of the input clock signal and the number of clock cycles of the feedback clock signal.
US07750617B2	Switching regulator and electronic device therewith A switching regulator (20) includes a sense resistor (Rs), a sense current generating circuit (213) for generating a sense current (Isense) commensurate with a sense voltage (Vsense), a slope current generating circuit (214) for generating a slope current (Islope) with a ramped or triangular waveform, a slope voltage generating circuit (215) for generating a slope voltage (Vslope) commensurate with a summed current (Isense plus Islope), an error amplifier (ERR) for generating an error voltage (Verr) commensurate with an error of an output, a comparator (CMP) for comparing the error voltage (Verr) with the slope voltage (Vslope) to generate a PWM signal and a switching control section (CTRL) for turning on and off an output transistor (N1) based on the PWM signal.
US07750616B2	Buck converter LED driver circuit A buck converter LED driver circuit is provided. The driver circuit includes a buck power stage, a rectified AC voltage source, a voltage waveform sampler, and a control circuit. The buck power stage includes at least one LED and provides a first signal directly proportional to the current through the LED. The rectified AC voltage source is coupled to the buck power stage for driving the buck power stage. The voltage waveform sampler is coupled to the rectified AC voltage source for providing a second signal directly proportional to the voltage provided by the rectified AC voltage source. The control circuit is coupled to the voltage waveform sampler and the buck power stage for turning on and turning off the buck power stage according to a comparison between the first signal and the second signal.
US07750613B2	Regulator and method for regulating A regulator and a method for regulating include sensing an input voltage at a sensing unit and outputting a sensed voltage to a sensed voltage node. A bypassing unit receives the input voltage, bypassing the sensing unit, and applies the input voltage to the sensed voltage node. A comparison unit compares a the sensed voltage from the sensed voltage node to a reference voltage and outputs a comparison result signal.
US07750612B2	Voltage-pulse converting circuit and charge control system A voltage-pulse converting circuit according to an embodiment of the invention includes: a first input terminal and a second input terminal applied with an input voltage to be converted into a pulse; an integrator having positive and negative input terminals; an input switching unit switching connection between the first and second input terminal and the positive and negative input terminals of the integrator; and a first comparator comparing a first detection voltage with an output voltage of the integrator and a second comparator comparing a second detection voltage different from the first detection voltage with the output voltage, the input switching unit switching the connection based on a comparison result of the first and second comparators.
US07750611B2	Internal voltage controllers including multiple comparators and related smart cards and methods A voltage controller may include a pulse generator and an internal voltage control circuit coupled to the pulse generator. The pulse generator may be configured to generate a control signal in response to at least one of a mode signal and/or an external voltage. The internal voltage control circuit may be configured to generate an internal voltage at an internal voltage node, and the internal voltage control circuit may include a voltage divider, first and second comparators, and a driver. The voltage divider may be coupled between the internal voltage node and a first reference voltage, and the voltage divider may generate a feedback voltage that is between the internal voltage and the first reference voltage. The first comparator may be configured to generate a first comparison result responsive to comparing the feedback voltage with a second reference voltage, and the second comparator may be configured to generate a second comparison result responsive to comparing the feedback voltage with the second reference voltage in response to the control signal. The driver may be coupled between an external voltage and the internal voltage node, and the driver may be configured to generate the internal voltage responsive to the first and second comparison results. Related methods and smart cards are also discussed.
US07750609B2	Output device and electronic device provided with same A switching power supply IC (21) is provided with, in a form integrated into an integrated circuit: a terminal (T2) whereupon an input voltage (Vin) is applied through an inductor (Lex); a terminal (T3) from which an output voltage (Vout) for a loading LED is extracted; a transistor (N1) connected between the terminal (T2) and a grounding end; a transistor (P1) connected between the terminal (T2) and the terminal (T3); a transistor (P2) connected between the terminal (T3) and a backgate of the transistor (P1); and a switching control section (CTRL) for performing switching control to each transistor. During a step-up operation, the switching control section (CTRL) controls the switching of the transistors (N1, P1) complementarily to each other while continuously keeping the transistor (P2) on, and turns off all of the transistors (N1, P1, P2) when a step-up operation is stopped.
US07750608B2	Methods and devices for low noise current source with dynamic power distribution Systems and methods for increasing driver power dissipation efficiency in a low noise current supply utilizing a power supply and a voltage regulator to power an output current regulator. An analog processing circuit adjusts the voltage drop on the voltage regulator, to make it equal with the voltage drop on current regulator.
US07750607B2	Auxiliary electric power supply for vehicle and charger/discharger for vehicle The auxiliary electric power supply for a vehicle has a first switch electrically connected to an I/O end; a capacitor bank; a discharge resistance; and a controller. The capacitor bank has series-connected electric double layer capacitors, and balanced resistances. Each of the balanced resistance is parallel-connected to each electric double layer capacitor, and has substantively the same resistance value. The capacitor bank and discharge resistance are connected to the first switch. The controller controls the first switch while monitoring the voltage of the capacitor bank and the operating state of the ignition key operating the ignition switch of the vehicle, so as to connect the capacitor bank to the discharge resistance when the ignition switch is turned off.
US07750605B2	Controlling an electrical signal sent to a sample load using a pulse modulated resistance Systems, methods, apparatus, and circuits for controlling an electrical signal transmitted to a sample load are provided. The electrical signal produced by a capacitor is controlled via a control signal sent to a variable resistance device that is connected in parallel with the sample load. The variable resistance device includes a resistance and a switch in series. The control signal opens and closes the switch, thus providing a variable resistance based on the amount of time the switch is closed.
US07750602B2	Method and apparatus for managing charge/discharge current of on-vehicle battery to control on-vehicle generator in consideration of offset of charge/discharge current An apparatus is provided to manage a charge/discharge current of an on-vehicle battery. The apparatus comprises a detecting unit detecting an actual amount of the charge/discharge current and a receiving unit receiving information indicating generating operations of an on-vehicle generator. The apparatus also comprises a control unit controlling the generating operations of the generator so that the charge/discharge current keeps a given value specified, on the basis of the detected actual the charge/discharge current and the received information. The apparatus also comprises determining and setting units. The determining unit determines whether a voltage of the battery satisfies a given condition for the voltage, by monitoring the voltage in a state where the generating operation of the generator is controlled. The setting unit sets, as an amount of offset of the charge/discharge current, a charge/discharge current detected when it is determined that the voltage of the battery satisfies the given condition.
US07750600B2	Method and apparatus for charging batteries with multiple output circuits A method and apparatus for charging batteries includes using an input rectifier to receive an ac input and provide a dc signal. A converter receives the dc signal and provides a converter output. An output circuit receives the converter output and provides a battery charging signal. A controller preferably controls the converter to power factor correct. The system can include multiple output circuits, used either singly or at the same time, and designed for one or more voltages. They can be user removable. Preferably, the converter output has a magnitude independent of a range of frequencies and a range of magnitudes of the ac input, and the range can be, for example, at least a factor of two or at least two utility voltages. The controller includes a charging schedule module that receives feedback, such as voltage and/or current feedback and/or temperature feedback. The output circuit, such as a dc-dc converter, is controlled in response to the feedback in other embodiments. The battery type may be sensed or input by a user, and the charging done in response to the battery type. A defective battery sensor is preferably included, with a user-noticeable indicator.
US07750596B2	Semiconductor device, motor drive device and air conditioning machine The semiconductor device according to the present invention generates pulse width modulation signals for controlling inverter circuits that drive a motor. The semiconductor device includes: a first register which holds values for determining a period in which each pulse width modulation signal becomes active; a correction buffer which holds a correction value; a first counter; a second counter which counts a value obtained by temporally advancing or delaying a count value of the first counter; a selector which selects the count value of the first counter or the count value of the second counter; and a pulse width modulation control unit which generates each pulse width modulation signal, logical values of which are switched in a timing when the selected count value matches the value held by the first register.
US07750594B2	Control of electrical machines An electrical machine, such as a switched reluctance motor, has a rotor and at least one electrically energizable phase winding. A control map is derived during production that includes a predetermined advance angle profile representing the energization of the phase winding with respect to the angular position of the rotor over a range of rotor speeds. This is stored in memory in a controller together with an angle correction factor to be applied to a predetermined portion of the advance angle profile. The angle correction factor compensates for the difference between a desired input power and the measured input power. The correction factor may be transmitted to the controller by means of radio frequency signals.
US07750590B2	Display apparatus having turntable display A display apparatus includes a base, a display screen part supported on the base turnably, a driving part for turning the display screen part in accordance with an inputted control signal, a turning prevention mechanism for preventing turning of the display screen part, a judgment part for judging on the basis of the inputted control signal whether the display apparatus is operated or not, and a controller for producing a signal for operating the turning prevention mechanism to prevent turning of the display screen part when it is judged that there is no operation to the display screen part and producing a signal for releasing operation of the turning prevention mechanism when it is judged that there is operation to the display screen part.
US07750586B2	Drive control device of motor and a method of start-up A drive control device of motor capable of starting up even a motor of such a type that the polarity of induced voltage does not switch every 180° of electrical angle or the polarity, positive or negative, does not occur with accuracy without causing a reverse rotation is provided. In a start-up control of motor, the following operation is performed: a current is passed through any coils in two phases, and the polarity of voltage induced in the non-conducting phase is detected. A conducting phase at start-up is determined based on the detected polarity of induced voltage. The average value of induced voltages in non-conducting phase detected with respect to the coils in respective phases is determined. The average value and the detected induced voltages are compared with each other, and relative polarities are determined from the magnitude relation with the average value to determine a conducting phase at start-up.
US07750581B2	Driver system and method for multiple cold-cathode fluorescent lamps and/or external-electrode fluorescent lamps Driver system and method for multiple cold-cathode fluorescent lamps and/or external-electrode fluorescent lamps. According to an embodiment, the present invention provides a system for driving a plurality of cold-cathode fluorescent lamps. The system includes a subsystem configured to receive at least a DC voltage and generate a first AC voltage in response to at least the DC voltage. The system also includes a power converter configured to receive the first AC voltage and convert the first AC voltage to at least a second AC voltage. The system further includes a plurality of current balancing devices. Each of the plurality of current balancing devices is configured to receive two currents and balance the two currents. The plurality of current balancing devices includes at least a first current balancing device, a second current balancing device, and a third current balancing device. In addition, the system includes a plurality of lamp pairs.
US07750580B2	Dimmable, high power factor ballast for gas discharge lamps A ballast for operating a compact fluorescent lamp includes a power factor correction circuit and an energy storage capacitor coupled to the output thereof. The power factor correction circuit is configured to draw current from an AC power source during substantially more than half of the cycle of the input AC voltage waveform; i.e., when operated such that full power is supplied to the lamp. Energy transfer elements in the power factor correction circuit extract energy from the AC power source via an input rectifier, even when the peak voltage of the AC voltage waveform is substantially lower than the voltage of the energy storage capacitor, and transfer the energy to the energy storage capacitor a sufficient number of times during for each cycle of the input AC voltage waveform (e.g., at least 500 times for each full cycle of a 60 Hz input AC voltage waveform for a lamp operated at a frequency of 30 kHz), such that the energy storage capacitor remains substantially fully charged during steady-state ballast operation. The power factor circuit additionally provides for improved dimming capability, specifically, dimming the discharge to low levels, while maintaining steady, non-flickering operation.
US07750577B2	Apparatus and method for providing an isolated set point from an input signal applied to a lamp ballast The present application discloses a method and apparatus for providing an isolated set point from an input signal. The set point can control the amount of power applied to a lamp via a lamp ballast. An AC output signal from the ballast powers a dimming circuit. The AC signal is coupled across an isolation transformer and subsequently converted into a DC signal. This DC signal is loaded by a variable resistor, which creates a voltage differential across the resistor. This voltage differential is then seen across DC input terminals of the ballast, and it is across the DC input terminals that the set point is created. By varying the value of the resistor, the ballast set point is varied ultimately changing the power that is applied to the lamp by the ballast.
US07750576B2	Light string with external resistor unit An LED light string including a first loop, which further includes a first plurality of LEDs in series successively connected by first connecting wires, and at least one first resistor connected to two first resistor wires, the first two resistor wires removably connected to two of the first connecting wires in any portion of the first loop.
US07750574B2	Method of generating discharge plasma A pulse voltage is applied on a process gas to generate discharge plasma. The pulse voltage has a duty ratio controlled in a range of 0.001 percent or more and 8.0 percent or less. Preferably, the discharge plasma has an electron density of 1×1010 cm−3 or larger and an electron temperature of 1.5 eV or lower at a supplied power of 1.0 W/cm2 or more per a unit area of a discharge electrode.
US07750570B2	Glow-switch starter, lighting device and lighting system therewith, and use thereof The present invention relates to glow-switch starters 1, lighting devices therewith and use thereof. The glow-switch starter 1 is suitable for use with three phase supply voltages substantially higher than the common 230V supply voltage 26. This allows more efficient gas discharges in e.g. fluorescent lamps 20, and/or more lamp power, and/or less energy losses in ballasts 22 and lamp electrodes. To make the glow-switch starter suited for such use, according to the invention, the gas filling 5 of the starter 1 is adapted. An important criterion is that the glow current in the steady state operation of the fluorescent lamp that is started by the starter is small enough to prevent closing of the (bimetallic) switch.
US07750563B2	Multicolor display apparatus Provided is a multicolor display apparatus including a plurality of organic light-emitting devices each including a pair of electrodes of an anode and a cathode; and an organic compound layer interposed between the pair of electrodes and including a light-emitting layer. The viewing angle characteristics of the organic light-emitting device showing an emission color with a highest visual sensitivity is such that a peak wavelength of emission spectrum and a peak wavelength of multiple interference spectrum due to the organic light-emitting device are offset with respect to each other so that the color shift of a display image on the multicolor display apparatus depending on a viewing angle is suppressed.
US07750561B2	Stacked OLED structure A stacked OLED device comprises a plurality of individual OLEDs in a vertical stacked arrangement separated by intermediate electrodes, wherein at least one of the individual OLEDs includes a light emitting region or zone comprising a mixed region; the mixed region comprising a mixture of a hole transport material, an electron transport material, and optionally a dopant.
US07750554B2	Multilayered electrode and organic light emitting diode having the same An organic light emitting diode, which has a pixel electrode, the pixel electrode constructed with a first layer comprising metal oxide on the substrate; a second layer comprising silver alloyed with at least one metal selected from a group consisting of lanthanide series elements and actinide series elements on the first layer; and a third layer comprising metal oxide on the second layer. As such, there are provided the second layer comprising the silver alloy, and the first and third layer comprising the metal oxide and formed above and below the second layer so that adhesion of a silver alloy (e.g., ATD alloy) may be enhanced, and an anode having enhanced reflectance may also be provided by using silver with increased reflectance.
US07750549B2	Field emission lamp A field emission lamp (30) includes a tube (31) having a closed end and an open end, an encapsulation board (38) mated with the open end, an anode layer (32) formed on an inner surface, a fluorescence layer (33) formed on the anode layer, a cathode down-lead pole (342) located at the encapsulation board, a cathode fixing pole (341) located at the closed end, a cathode filament (34) having a carbon nanotube layer formed on a surface thereof fixed between the cathode down-lead pole and the cathode fixing pole, an anode down-lead ring (321) located at the anode layer near the open end, and an anode down-lead pole (322) located at the encapsulation board and electrically connected with the anode down-lead ring. The field emission lamp has a simple structure, thereby having an enhanced production rate and a reduced cost.
US07750545B2	Double-sided sealed electric lamp and method for production thereof The oblong bulb (1) of the lamp is sealed at opposing ends by sealing pieces (6; 32), with application of a holder to each end, whereby said holder comprises an electrical contact element (13; 25), electrically connected to a power supply (15; 21), running to the lighting means. The contact element is housed in a tubular extension (11; 22) of the sealing piece and the maximum external diameter of the contact element (13; 25) is loosely matched to the inner diameter of the sleeve.
US07750544B2	Electron emitter composition made of an electron emitting substance and an expansion material for expansion of the electron emitting substance This invention provides compositions of matter that contain an electron emitting substance and an expansion material. The expansion material may, for example, be an intercalation compound. When a film is formed from the composition, expansion of the expansion material typically causes rupturing or fracturing of the film. No further treatment of the surface of the film is typically required after expansion of the expansion material to obtain good emission properties. A surface formed from such a fractured film acts as an efficient electron field emitter and thus is useful in vacuum microelectronic devices.
US07750542B2	Lamp with a clipped-on contact A lamp includes a reflector having a passageway opening to a heel of the reflector, a lamp capsule having a lead that extends rearward through the passageway, a conductive clip that spans a diameter of the heel and that has tabs that extend forward at opposite sides of the heel and an arm that extends rearward, the arm being attached to a portion of the lead that projects out of the passageway, and a base that is attached to the heel and that engages the tabs at the opposite sides of the heel. The arm holds the lamp capsule in place and electrically connects the lamp capsule to the base. The arm may be a semi-detached central portion of the clip that is bent to be substantially parallel to an axis of the lead.
US07750540B2	Piezoelectric actuator and electronic device There is provided a piezoelectric actuator and the like capable of efficiently transmitting vibration between an object (e.g., a housing of an electronic device) and a piezoelectric ceramic vibrator. The piezoelectric actuator 50A includes a piezoelectric ceramic vibrator 15 and a holder 12 to hold an edge section thereof and functions as, for example, a vibrator by propagating deflective vibration of the vibrator 15 via the holder 12 to an elastic body 14 as the object. A subsidiary holder 13 is disposed between the vibrator 15 and the elastic body 14, and part of the deflective vibration of the vibrator 15 is propagated via the elastic body 14.
US07750538B2	Ferroelectric Durability A piezoelectric actuator for use in a fuel injection system of an internal combustion engine, the actuator comprising a stack of ferroelectric layers; an encapsulation for protecting the stack from the ingress of liquid; and oxygenation means for providing oxygen to the ferroelectric layers, the means positioned between the encapsulation and stack. The oxygenation means is preferably impregnated in a fabric which forms a layer between the encapsulation and the stack.
US07750537B2	Hybrid dual layer diagnostic ultrasound transducer array An ultrasound transducer array having a transmit transducer element comprising a transmit transducer material interposed between a transmit electrode and a reference electrode, wherein voltages applied across the transmit electrode and reference electrode induce an acoustic wave to emanate from the transmit transducer material; and a plurality of receive transducer elements positioned in an array on the transmit transducer element, each of the plurality of the receive transducer elements comprising a receive electrode and a receive transducer material interposed between the receive electrode and the reference electrode, and wherein acoustic waves applied to the plurality of receive transducer elements induces receive voltage signals on the receive electrodes with respect to the reference electrode.
US07750531B2	Direct drive motor in washing machine A direct drive motor in a washing machine includes a stator having a winding portion with coils wound thereon, a rotor having a sidewall, and a rear wall with a pass through hole at a center, and fastening pass through holes around the pass through hole, an annular washer in close contact with, and fixedly secured to, the rear wall of the rotor, the annular washer having fastening pass through holes in a surface thereof in correspondence to fastening pass through holes in the rear wall of the rotor, a connector of resin having a vibration mode different from the washing shaft, fixedly secured to an inner side of the rear wall of the rotor for supporting the washing shaft, the connector having fastening pass through holes in correspondence to the fastening pass through holes around the pass through hole, bolts passed through the fastening pass through holes in the connector, the rotor, and the washer, and nuts fastened to the bolts for holding the connector, the rotor, and the washer together.
US07750529B2	Electric Pump A pump is driven by a compact electric motor in which a coil is disposed in a ring form around and along a stator core which has a plurality of claw magnetic poles that extend alternately from both ends of one member of the stator core toward the end of the other member thereof. A stator core can be made from a compressed powder core by molding with resin, with the molded portion able to serve as a partition separating pump and motor units.
US07750528B2	Actuator and coil frame An actuator includes: a coil for excitation; a rotor rotatably supported; a stator effecting a magnetic force on the rotor for rotation, the stator having first and second leg portions arranged side by side; and first and second coil frames each having a body portion and a pair of flange portions provided at an end of the body portion. The first coil frame is assembled onto the first leg portion. The second coil frame is assembled onto the second leg portion. The first and second coil frames are connected via a connecting portion bendable. The body portions are arranged not to be sandwiched between the first and second leg portions. Each of the body portions covers a halfway or less of each of peripheral surfaces of the first and second leg portions of the stator.
US07750524B2	Superconductor magnetizing device and superconducting synchronization device A magnetizing device for superconductor and a superconducting synchronous machine are provided capable of constituting more compact and simple equipment that uses a superconductor as a magnet. The magnetizing device for superconductor includes a superconductor (131); a coolant chamber (142) for cooling the superconductor (131) down to or below a critical temperature at which the transition to a superconducting state occurs; coils (111, 111′) for generating a magnetic field equal to or higher than a critical magnetic field in which the intrusion of a magnetic flux into the superconductor (131) starts, around the superconductor (131) cooled down to or below the critical temperature at which the transition to the superconducting state occurs; and position modification means capable of arranging the superconductor (131) on a disk (120) and modifying the relative positional relationship with the coils (111, 111′).
US07750522B2	Slow-speed direct-drive generator A direct-drive generator and assembly procedure for that generator include a permanent magnet assembly that is partitioned and assembled piece-by-piece after the rotor and stator have been attached.The magnets are attached to a plate in columns, and adjacent columns have a N-S orientation. The air gap between the rotor and stator is variable, and application of an input torque produces a first cogging torque in a first direction due to the variable air gap that offsets a second cogging torque in a second opposite direction.
US07750521B2	Double-sided starter/generator for aircrafts An electromagnetic machine for extracting power from a turbine engine includes an outer rotor and an inner rotor rotatably supported adjacent to a stator. The stator is disposed between the inner and outer rotors. The stator has an inner set of windings disposed on an inner surface adjacent to the inner rotor, and an outer set of windings on an outer surface of the stator adjacent to the outer rotor. A plurality of permanent magnets are disposed on an inner surface of the outer rotor element and on an outer surface of the inner rotor element. Air gaps are defined between the outer surface of the stator and the outer permanent magnets, and between the inner surface of the stator portion and the inner permanent magnets. The inner stator windings form a set of multiple-phase windings, and the outer stator windings form a set of multiple-phase windings.
US07750520B2	Motor A motor is disclosed. The motor in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention can include: a shaft; a bearing supporting the shaft to rotate; a thrust plate supporting a lower end of the shaft a boss joined to the shaft and having a ring-shaped groove on a side facing the bearing; and a rotor joined to the boss.
US07750519B2	Hydrodynamic bearing device, motor and information recording and reproducing apparatus in which same is used, and method for manufacturing shaft used in hydrodynamic bearing device A hydrodynamic bearing device is provided for a spindle motor used in a hard disk drive or the like with a good state of fastening and good fastening strength between a shaft and a fixed member. The hydrodynamic bearing device includes a shaft that has a cylindrical main shaft portion and a fixing portion provided at one end of the main shaft portion, a sleeve that has a bearing hole in which the main shaft portion is inserted in a rotatable state, and a fixed member that is fixed to the fixing portion of the shaft. A nitride layer is formed on the main shaft portion, and a nitride layer non-forming film is formed on the fixing portion.
US07750516B2	Electric machine and stator provided for same An electric machine, in particular an alternator for motor vehicles, includes a stator (16), which supports a stator winding (18) that has winding ends (78), a voltage regulator assembly (65), and a rectifier. The electrical connection between the winding ends (78) and the rectifier is situated underneath the voltage regulator assembly (65). A stator for an electric machine, in particular for an alternator for motor vehicles, includes a stator (16), which supports a stator winding (18) that has winding ends (78). The winding ends (78) are connected to an additional conductor element (80), which joins a plurality of individual wires of the winding ends (78) together by means of a clamp-like junction region (81) and is embodied in the form of a sheet metal part.
US07750506B2	Load and system A load, including an electric motor and electronic circuit for powering the electric motor, the load being inductively powered.
US07750504B2	Power supply apparatus to selectively output one of a plurality of input powers A power supplying apparatus supplying power to a predetermined system unit is provided with a power selecting unit which is directly connected to the system part, to select one of a plurality of inputs of power and output a selected power to the system unit; and a controller which is provided outside a power supplying path between the power selecting unit and the system unit, to control the power selecting unit to selectively output the power selected by the power selecting unit to the system unit according to a power switching signal.
US07750503B2	Direct current stabilizing power source apparatus A first primary winding N11 of a transformer 1 is connected with a commercial power source 30 via a transistor Q1, and a second primary winding N22 of the transformer 1 is connected with a backup battery 31 via a transistor Q2. An electric power on the second primary winding N12 is output for a controlling apparatus. When a voltage of the commercial power source 30 is larger than a predetermined value, a backup stopping circuit 10 turns off a LED 9 and stops the transistor Q2. The second primary winding N22 is connected with input terminals 14, 15 as a power source for charging a battery 31. While the transistor Q2 is stopped, an electric power for the battery is output from the second primary winding N22. Since the LED 9 turns on at the time of electric power breakdown, the electric power for the battery is stopped.
US07750502B1	Portable weather resistant flow meter system A portable, weather resistant flow control system with a flow controller contained within an enclosure that includes a rigid body preventing deformation of the enclosure during transport and a door with a seal providing proving protection from harsh weather and environmental conditions, where the system includes a power charger for powering a remote terminal, a wireless communication unit, and back up batteries.
US07750498B2	Adaptive peak power management of load devices sharing a power source An adaptive power management system includes a number of load devices, including a burst load device operable with a time-varying load having a controllable duty cycle. A shared power source supplies power to the load devices. The system adaptively determines a power allocation for the burst load device based on operational requirements of the load devices, and the maximum power supplied to the burst load device is limited to a selected power level based on the determined power allocation. A power storage module stores power supplied by the shared power source and supplies sufficient power to permit the burst load device to operate during burst periods with a peak power that exceeds the average power supplied to the power storage module. The duty cycle of the burst periods of the burst load device is controlled to maintain the power stored by the power storage module above a desired level.
US07750495B2	Power line adapter and method of controlling power line adapter operated in power-saving mode A power line adapter and its controlling method to be operated in a power-saving mode are disclosed. The power line adapter includes a power-transmitting module for generating a DC supply voltage and a data-transmitting module for transmitting data. Furthermore, the data-transmitting module at least includes a power line communication circuit and an Ethernet physical layer transceiver. The controlling method comprises steps of: monitoring a link signal generated by the Ethernet physical layer transceiver when the power line adapter is operated in an active mode; and, disconnecting the DC supply voltage to the power line communication circuit and entering the power-saving mode if the link signal indicates a disconnection over a first time period.
US07750494B1	Systems and vessels for producing hydrocarbons and/or water, and methods for same Systems and methods for producing hydrocarbons from wind energy, water, and air comprising a power system, wind turbine, and electrical generator; the system further comprises a water purifier comprising a conduit and vacuum device for flash distillation; the system further includes a hydrocarbon processor, which comprises a carbon dioxide interface, and electrolyzer, a reverse water gas shift reactor, and an ethanation reactor; alternatively the hydrocarbon processor may include a cyanobacteria cultivator a solution optimizer and a catalyzer; also included is a method for producing purified water using vegetation in a floatable craft; also disclosed is a synthetic fuel process consisting of a translucent closed tank for producing algae and a protein separator for dewatering algae; methods relating to production and drawing of algae to produce methane and other hydrocarbon promoters; also disclosed is a energy producing rainkine-cycle engine device for storing concentrated solar energy.
US07750492B1	Bearingless floating wind turbine A bearingless floating wind turbine has a tall and narrow main support structure with a center of buoyancy located well above the center of gravity to provide stability to the wind turbine while supported for rotation in a body of water, a vertical axis turbine blade extends from the main support structure and rotates together under a wind, and a non-rotating shaft extends through the main support structure with a vertical axis direct drive generator connected between the main support structure and the non-rotating shaft to produce electricity when the main support structure rotates. an anchor line connected to the non-rotating shaft prevents the floating wind turbine from drifting in a body of water.
US07750490B2	Method and system for extracting inertial energy from a wind turbine A system for operating a wind turbine during a curtailment operation is described. The wind turbine includes a generator and a wind turbine rotor having at least one rotor blade. The wind turbine also includes a drive train that includes at least one shaft coupled to the wind turbine rotor and configured to drive the generator. The system includes a control system configured to increase a speed of rotation of the rotor beyond an optimum rated speed during the curtailment operation of the wind turbine, and an extraction device configured to extract inertial energy stored in the drive train upon release of the curtailment operation.
US07750489B2	Power control system and method This invention discloses a power control system comprising a prime mover and a generator driven by the prime mover. A control device is coupled with the generator to ascertain a change in speed of the generator and vary an output power of the generator according to the change. The control device applies a signal to reduce the generator output power and another signal to restore the generator output power. The power control system may include a transmission, a speed converter, and/or an accessory.
US07750483B1	Semiconductor chip assembly with welded metal pillar and enlarged plated contact terminal A semiconductor chip assembly includes a semiconductor chip that includes a conductive pad, a conductive trace that includes a routing line, a metal pillar and an enlarged plated contact terminal, a connection joint that electrically connects the routing line and the pad, and an encapsulant. The chip and the metal pillar are embedded in the encapsulant, the routing line extends laterally beyond the metal pillar towards the chip, the metal pillar is welded to the routing line and includes a ball bond and a stem, and the plated contact terminal is plated on the stem.
US07750481B2	Die offset die to die bonding A semiconductor die is provided on a spacer, the die having first and second opposite edges which extend beyond respective first and second opposite edges of the spacer, the first edge of the die extending beyond the first edge of the spacer to a lesser extent than the second edge of the die extends beyond the second edge of the spacer. Furthermore, a first semiconductor die has a plurality of bond pads thereon, a second semiconductor die has a plurality of bond pads thereon, and a substrate has a plurality of bond pads thereon. Each of a first plurality of wires connects a bond pad on the first semiconductor die with a bond pad on the second semiconductor die, and each of a second plurality of wires connects a bond pad on the second semiconductor die with a bond pad on the substrate.
US07750479B2	Treatment of plasma damaged layer for critical dimension retention, pore sealing and repair An interconnect structure and method of fabricating the same in which the critical dimension of the conductive features are not altered by a plasma damaged layer are provided. In accordance with the present invention, a chemically etching dielectric material is subjected to a treatment step which modifies the density of the dielectric material such that the treated surfaces become denser than the bulk dielectric not subjected to the treatment. The treatment step is performed prior to deposition of the noble metal liner.
US07750476B2	Semiconductor device having a reliable contact A film containing such an element as germanium or tin is formed on a wiring electrode mainly made of aluminum. A wiring film to take contact to the wiring electrode is further formed thereon. The film containing the above element is rendered flowable by performing a heat treatment. This process allows formation of a reliable contact.
US07750473B2	LSI wiring pattern for reduced deformation and cracking Provided is a semiconductor device including first and second wiring layers, and dummy and conductive patterns. The first and second wiring layers each have a hollow structure, and are stacked vertically adjacent to each other on a semiconductor substrate. The dummy pattern is formed in the first wiring layer, and does not function as a signal line. The conductive pattern is formed in the second wiring layer. The dummy and conductive patterns have an overlapping portion where these patterns overlap each other, and a non-overlapping portion where these patterns overlap each other, as viewed from above the semiconductor substrate.
US07750472B2	Dual metal interconnection Embodiments relate to a dual metal interconnection structure of a semiconductor device and a method for manufacturing the same. In embodiments, the dual metal interconnection structure may include a contact plug selectively formed in an interlayer dielectric, which covers a silicon substrate, and contacted with an active area of the silicon substrate, a first aluminum interconnection formed on one contact plug in every two cells and having a width larger than a width of the contact plug, a dielectric wrapping an upper surface and a side plane of the first aluminum interconnection, and a second aluminum interconnection formed on one contact plug in every two cells alternatively with the first aluminum interconnection, insulated from the first aluminum interconnection by the dielectric, and having a width larger than a width of the contact plug. The dual metal interconnection structure may be formed by performing an interconnection process two times, and a width of the interconnection and a gap between interconnections may be increased.
US07750468B2	Semiconductor device and method for manufacturing the same A semiconductor device includes: a semiconductor substrate that has an integrated circuit, a passivation film formed above the integrated circuit, and an electrode electrically connected to the integrated circuit, the passivation film having an uneven surface, the electrode having at least a portion exposed through the passivation film; a first resin layer that is disposed on the passivation film; a second resin layer that covers the passivation film and the first resin layer; and a wiring that extends from the electrode to a first part of the second resin layer above the first resin layer, the electrode passing on a second part of the second resin layer above the passivation film.
US07750462B1	Microelectromechanical systems using thermocompression bonding Improved microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), processes and apparatus using thermocompression bonding are disclosed. For example, process embodiments are disclosed in which wafer-scale as well as die-scale thermocompression bonding is utilized to encapsulate MEMS and/or to provide electrical interconnections with MEMS. Apparatus embodiments include apparatus for performing thermocompression bonding and bonded hybrid structures manufactured in accordance with the process embodiments. Devices having various substrate bonding and/or sealing configurations variously offer the advantage of reduced size, higher manufacturing yields, reduced costs, improved reliability, improved compatibility with existing semiconductor manufacturing process and/or greater versatility of applications.
US07750461B2	Metal-ceramic substrate for electric circuits or modules, method for producing one such substrate and module comprising one such substrate The invention relates to a metal-ceramic substrate for electric circuits or modules, said substrate including a ceramic layer which is provided with at least one metallic layer of a first type applied to a surface of said ceramic layer in a plane manner. An insulating layer made up of a glass-containing material is applied to at least one partial region of a surface of the metallic layer of the first type, said surface opposing the ceramic layer, and a metallic layer of a second type is applied to the insulating layer, the insulating layer and the metallic layer of a second type respectively being thinner then the ceramic layer and the metallic layer of the first type.
US07750449B2	Packaged semiconductor components having substantially rigid support members and methods of packaging semiconductor components Packaged semiconductor components having substantially rigid support member are disclosed. The packages can include a semiconductor die and a support member proximate to the semiconductor die. The support member is at least substantially rigid. The packages can further include an adhesive between the support member and the semiconductor die and adhesively attaching the support member to the semiconductor die. The packages can also include a substrate carrying the semiconductor die and the support member attached to the semiconductor die.
US07750448B2	Semiconductor package and method for manufacturing the same A semiconductor package includes a semiconductor device having a first main surface and a second main surface, a first electrode plate provided on the first main surface, a second electrode plate provided on the second main surface, and a wiring substrate provided between the semiconductor device and the first electrode plate, in which a plurality of opening portions in the side surface of a protruding portion provided on the first electrode plate are engaged respectively with a plurality of engaging portions which face the opening portions and which are provided on the inner side surface of an intrusion opening portion in the wiring substrate into which the protruding portion is intruded.
US07750445B2	Stacked synchronous buck converter A multichip module buck converter 10 has a high side power mosfet 12, a low side power mosfet 22 and a pre-molded leadframe 40 between the two mosfets for connecting the source of mosfet 12 to the drain of mosfet 22. Clips 14, 16, 18 and 26 carry the source, gate and drain terminals of the mosfet from planes parallel but spaced apart to a common plane.
US07750443B2	Semiconductor device package A surface of a lead frame of a semiconductor device package, on which a semiconductor chip is mounted, is formed to have a mesh structure, whereby a connecting area between the lead frame and a molding resin can be increased to have strong bonding. Further, only filler particles having a small diameter than the mesh are taken into the vicinity of the lead frame, suppressing the effect of stresses to reduce deformation of the lead frame.
US07750440B2	Semiconductor film and manufacturing method thereof, light receiving element using semiconductor film, electrophotographic photoreceptor, process cartridge, and image forming device There is provided: a semiconductor film formed on a base material, containing a group 13 element, nitrogen, and oxygen in an amount of about 15 atomic % or more; a manufacturing method thereof; a light receiving element using the semiconductor film; an electrophotographic photoreceptor; a process cartridge; and an image forming device.
US07750438B2	Semiconductor device An n-type buffer region 6 is arranged between an n− drift region 1 and a p-type collector region 7, and has a higher impurity concentration than n− drift region 1 Assuming that α represents the ratio (WTA/WTB) between WTA expressed as: WTA = 2 ⁢ ɛ s ⁢ ɛ 0 ⁢ V qNd and the thickness WTB of the drift region held between the base region and the buffer region, the ratio (DC/DB) of the net dose DC of the collector region with respect to the net dose DB of the buffer region is at least α. Thus, a semiconductor device capable of ensuring a proper margin of SCSOA resistance can be obtained.
US07750435B2	Inductively coupled integrated circuit and methods for use therewith A circuit includes a first integrated circuit or die having a first circuit and a first inductive interface. A second integrated circuit or die has a second circuit and a second inductive interface. The first inductive interface and the second inductive interface are aligned to magnetically communicate signals between the first circuit and the second circuit.
US07750434B2	Circuit substrate structure and circuit apparatus A first wiring layer in a circuit substrate structure is provided with a first inductor and a second inductor. A dielectric layer is provided with a first via and a second via electrically connected to the first inductor and the second inductor, respectively. A second wiring layer is provided with: a bridge electrically connecting the first via and the second via; and a conductive pattern provided around the bridge, the outer edge of the conductive pattern being located outside the outer edge of the first wiring pattern and the second wiring pattern in the first wiring layer. The bridge functions as a coplanar line and suppresses generation of electromagnetic field.
US07750433B2	Probe-based memory Apparatuses, a method, and a system for a non-volatile, probe-based memory device are disclosed herein. In various embodiments, probe-based memory may be one-time programmable or rewritable nonvolatile probe-based memory.
US07750430B2	Semiconductor device and method for fabricating the same A method for fabricating a semiconductor device comprises forming a deposition structure including a first substrate, an insulating layer and a second substrate of a SOI substrate; etching the second substrate located in a boundary of cell and core regions and a peripheral region to form a line-type trench; filling an isolating film in the trench; removing the second substrate and the insulating layer of the peripheral region; performing a selective epitaxial growth (SEG) process using the first substrate exposed in the peripheral region to form an epitaxial layer; and performing a chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) process on the epitaxial layer. As a result, the method has a floating body effect to shorten a developing period and improve a process yield.
US07750429B2	Self-aligned and extended inter-well isolation structure A pedestal is formed out of the pad layer such that two edges of the pedestal coincide with a border of the wells as implanted. An extended pedestal is formed over the pedestal by depositing a conformal dielectric layer. The area of the extended pedestal is exposed the semiconductor surface below is recessed to a recess depth. Other trenches including at least one intra-well isolation trench are lithographically patterned. After a reactive ion etch, both an inter-well isolation trench and at least one intra-well isolation trench are formed. The width of the inter-well isolation trench may be reduced due to the deeper bottom surface compared to the prior art structures. The boundary between the p-well and the n-well below the inter-well isolation structure is self-aligned to the middle of the inter-well isolation structure.
US07750418B2	Introduction of metal impurity to change workfunction of conductive electrodes Semiconductor structures, such as, for example, field effect transistors (FETs) and/or metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitor (MOSCAPs), are provided in which the workfunction of a conductive electrode stack is changed by introducing metal impurities into a metal-containing material layer which, together with a conductive electrode, is present in the electrode stack. The choice of metal impurities depends on whether the electrode is to have an n-type workfunction or a p-type workfunction. The present invention also provides a method of fabricating such semiconductor structures. The introduction of metal impurities can be achieved by codeposition of a layer containing both a metal-containing material and workfunction altering metal impurities, forming a stack in which a layer of metal impurities is present between layers of a metal-containing material, or by forming a material layer including the metal impurities above and/or below a metal-containing material and then heating the structure so that the metal impurities are introduced into the metal-containing material.
US07750417B2	Non-volatile semiconductor memory and method for fabricating a non-volatile semiconductor memory A non-volatile semiconductor memory includes memory cell transistors arranged in a matrix, wherein each of the memory cell transistors is a depletion mode MIS transistor.
US07750414B2	Structure and method for reducing threshold voltage variation A structure comprises at least one transistor on a substrate, an insulator layer over the transistor, and an ion stopping layer over the insulator layer. The ion stopping layer comprises a portion of the insulator layer that is damaged and has either argon ion damage or nitrogen ion damage.
US07750413B2	Semiconductor device and method for manufacturing same An object of the present invention is to mount both a RF circuit including an inductor formed therein and a digital circuit on a single chip.MOSFETs are formed on a semiconductor substrate 1 in regions isolated by an element isolation film 2. A plurality of low-permittivity insulator rods including a low-permittivity insulator embedded therein and penetrating a first interlevel dielectric film 4 to reach the internal of the silicon substrate are disposed in the RF circuit area 100. An inductor 40 is formed on the interlevel dielectric film in the RF circuit area by using multi-layered interconnects. A high-permeability isolation region in which a composite material including a mixture of high-permeability material and a low-permittivity material is formed in the region of the core of the inductor and periphery thereof.
US07750412B2	Rectifier with PN clamp regions under trenches A structure that includes a rectifier is formed as follows. A trench is formed in a semiconductor region of a first conductivity type. A dielectric layer is formed along opposing sidewalls of the trench but is discontinuous along the bottom of the trench. A doped liner is formed over the dielectric layer and along the bottom of the trench. The doped liner includes dopants of a second conductivity type and is in direct contact with the semiconductor region along the bottom of the trench. A portion of the dopants are diffused from the doped liner into the semiconductor region along the bottom of the trench to form a doped region. The doped region forms a PN junction with the surrounding semiconductor region.
US07750407B2	Strapping contact for charge protection A semiconductor device includes a substrate and a memory cell formed on the substrate. The memory cell includes a word line. The semiconductor device also includes a protection area formed in the substrate, a conductive structure configured to extend the word line to the protection area, and a contact configured to short the word line and the protection area.
US07750405B2	Low-cost high-performance planar back-gate CMOS A method of fabricating a high-performance planar back-gate CMOS structure having superior short-channel characteristics and reduced capacitance using processing steps that are not too lengthy or costly is provided. Also provided is a high-performance planar back-gate CMOS structure that is formed utilizing the method of the present invention. The method includes forming an opening in an upper surface of a substrate. Thereafter, a dopant region is formed in the substrate through the opening. In accordance with the inventive method, the dopant region defines a back-gate conductor of the inventive structure. Next, a front gate conductor having at least a portion thereof is formed within the opening.
US07750400B2	Integrated circuit modeling, design, and fabrication based on degradation mechanisms An integrated circuit (IC) includes at least a first complementary MOS (CMOS) circuit, the first CMOS circuit comprising one or more first n-channel MOS (NMOS) transistors and one or more first p-channel MOS (PMOS) transistors, where the first NMOS transistors and the first PMOS transistors are arranged in the first CMOS circuit to drive at least a first common node of the first CMOS circuit. An average of the effective gate channel lengths of the first NMOS transistors (first NMOS average length) is at least 2% greater than an average of the effective gate channel lengths of the first PMOS transistors (first PMOS average length).
US07750396B2	Semiconductor device and method for fabricating the same A semiconductor device includes: a semiconductor substrate; a source region and a drain region formed in the upper part of the semiconductor substrate so as to be spaced; a channel region formed in a part of the semiconductor substrate between the source region and the drain region; a first dielectric film formed on the channel region of the semiconductor substrate; a second dielectric film formed on the first dielectric film and having a higher permittivity than the first dielectric film; a third dielectric film formed on at least an end surface of the second dielectric film near the drain region out of end surfaces of the second dielectric film near the source and drain regions; and a gate electrode formed on the second dielectric film and the third dielectric film.
US07750393B2	Non-volatile memory device with independent channel regions adjacent different sides of a common control gate Provided are example embodiments of a non-volatile memory device and a method of fabricating the same. The non-volatile memory device may include a control gate electrode arranged on a semiconductor substrate, a gate insulating layer interposed between the semiconductor substrate and the control gate electrode, a storage node layer interposed between the gate insulating layer and the control gate electrode, a blocking insulating layer interposed between the storage node layer and the control gate electrode, first dopant doping regions along a first side of the control gate electrode, and second dopant doping regions along a second side of the control gate electrode. The first dopant doping regions may alternate with the second dopant doping regions. Stated differently, each of the second dopant doping regions may be arranged in a region on the second side of the control gate electrode that is adjacent to one of the first dopant doping regions.
US07750389B2	NROM memory cell, memory array, related devices and methods An array of memory cells configured to store at least one bit per one F2 includes substantially vertical structures providing an electronic memory function spaced apart a distance equal to one half of a minimum pitch of the array. The structures providing the electronic memory function are configured to store more than one bit per gate. The array also includes electrical contacts to the memory cells including the substantially vertical structures. The cells can be programmed to have one of a number of charge levels trapped in the gate insulator adjacent to the first source/drain region such that the channel region has a first voltage threshold region (Vt1) and a second voltage threshold region (Vt2) and such that the programmed cell operates at reduced drain source current.
US07750387B2	Semiconductor device and method of fabricating the same Disclosed are a semiconductor device and method of fabricating the same. The semiconductor device includes a floating gate on a semiconductor layer; a first contact on the floating gate; a MIM capacitor including a lower electrode, an insulating layer, and an upper electrode on the first contact; a second contact on a drain region of the semiconductor layer; a metal island on the second contact; a via on the metal island; and a bit line on the via.
US07750386B2	Memory cells including nanoporous layers containing conductive material A memory cell that includes a first contact having a first surface and an opposing second surface; a second contact having a first surface and an opposing second surface; a memory material layer having a first surface and an opposing second surface; and a nanoporous layer having a first surface and an opposing second surface, the nanoporous layer including at least one nanopore and dielectric material, the at least one nanopore being substantially filled with a conductive metal, wherein a surface of the nanoporous layer is in contact with a surface of the first contact or the second contact and the second surface of the nanoporous layer is in contact with a surface of the memory material layer.
US07750385B2	Semiconductor interconnection structures and capacitors including poly-SiGe layers and metal contact plugs A semiconductor device includes a lower electrode of a capacitor, a dielectric layer disposed on the lower electrode, and an upper electrode of the capacitor disposed on the dielectric layer. The upper electrode includes a doped poly-Si1-xGex layer. An interlayer insulating layer is disposed on the doped poly-Si1-xGex layer and has a contact hole partially exposing the doped poly-Si1-xGex layer. A metal contact plug is in the contact hole and an interconnection layer is disposed on the interlayer insulating layer and connected to the metal contact plug. Related interconnection structures and fabrication methods are also disclosed.
US07750383B2	Semiconductor apparatus and method for manufacturing the semiconductor apparatus According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a semiconductor apparatus including a semiconductor substrate, a transistor formed on the semiconductor substrate, an insulating film disposed on the semiconductor substrate, a ferroelectric capacitor and an upper mask. The ferroelectric capacitor includes a lower electrode disposed on the insulating film, a ferroelectric film disposed on the lower electrode and an upper electrode disposed on the ferroelectric film. The upper mask includes a hard mask disposed on the upper electrode and a sidewall mask disposed on at least part of a sidewall of the hard mask.
US07750380B2	Semiconductor device A semiconductor device includes a substrate, a first gate electrode, a second gate electrode, a first channel region positioned between the substrate and the first gate electrode, a second channel region positioned between the substrate and the second gate electrode, a gate insulation film positioned at least between the first channel region and the first gate electrode, and between the second channel region and the second gate electrode, a first conducting section, a second conducting section, and a third conducting section each positioned between the substrate and the gate insulation film, and an intermediate electrode electrically connected to the second gate electrode, and overlapping a part of the first gate electrode, wherein the first channel region is positioned between the first conducting section and the second conducting section, and the second channel region is positioned between the second conducting section and the third conducting section.
US07750379B2	Metal-substituted transistor gates One aspect of this disclosure relates to an integrated circuit structure. An integrated circuit structure embodiment includes a substrate, a gate dielectric over the substrate, a carbon structure having a predetermined thickness in contact with and over the gate dielectric, and a layer of desired gate material for a transistor in contact with and over the carbon structure. The layer of desired gate material includes a predetermined thickness corresponding to the predetermined thickness of the carbon structure to support a metal substitution process to replace the carbon structure with the desired gate material. Other aspects and embodiments are provided herein.
US07750370B2	High electron mobility transistor having self-aligned miniature field mitigating plate on a protective dielectric layer A semiconductor device is fabricated to include source and drain contacts including an ohmic metal sunken into the barrier layer and a portion of the channel layer; a protective dielectric layer disposed between the source and drain contacts on the barrier layer; a metallization layer disposed in drain and source ohmic vias between the source contact and the protective dielectric layer and between the protective dielectric layer and the drain contact; and a metal T-gate disposed above the barrier layer including a field mitigating plate disposed on a side portion of a stem of the metal T-gate.
US07750358B2	Semiconductor device and manufacturing method of semiconductor device A semiconductor device made by mounting a light emitting element in a substrate, characterized in that an optically-transparent cover with a flat plate shape is installed on the light emitting element and a fluorescent substance film is formed on the cover.
US07750354B2	Solid-state imaging device and manufacturing method for the same Photoelectric converters are arranged two-dimensionally in a semiconductor substrate. A planarizing layer, a light shielding film, a further planarizing layer and condenser lenses are formed sequentially on the semiconductor substrate and the photoelectric converters. The light shielding film has apertures at positions corresponding to the photoelectric conversion devices. Multilayer interference filters that transmit either a red, green or blue wavelength component of light are disposed in the apertures.
US07750353B2	Method of manufacturing silicon optoelectronic device, silicon optoelectronic device manufactured by the method, and image input and/or output apparatus using the silicon optoelectronic device A method of manufacturing a silicon optoelectronic device, a silicon optoelectronic device manufactured by the method, and an image input and/or output apparatus including the silicon optoelectronic device are provided. The method includes preparing an n- or p-type silicon-based substrate, forming a microdefect pattern along a surface of the substrate by etching, forming a control film with an opening on the microdefect pattern, and forming a doping region on the surface of the substrate having the microdefect pattern in such a way that a predetermined dopant of the opposite type to the substrate is injected onto the substrate through the opening of the control film to be doped to a depth so that a photoelectric conversion effect leading to light emission and/or reception by quantum confinement effect in the p-n junction occurs. The silicon optoelectronic device has superior light-emitting efficiency, can be used as at least one of a light-emitting device and a light-receiving device, and has high wavelength selectivity. In addition, the silicon optoelectronic device panel having the two-dimensional array of the silicon optoelectronic devices can be applied in the image input and/or output apparatus capable of directly displaying an image and/or inputting optical information in a screen.
US07750343B2	Electronic device having an active layer including inorganic semiconductor fine particles covered with a protective layer and producing method thereof Disclosed herein is an electronic device of a three-terminal type including, a control electrode, first and second electrodes, and an active layer provided between the first and second electrodes so as to face the control electrode with an insulating layer interposed therebetween, the active layer being formed from an aggregate of a composite material formed from inorganic semiconductor fine particles covered with a protective layer, the protective layer including an alkyl chain having, at one end thereof, a functional group bonded to an inorganic semiconductor fine particle and further having an organic semiconductor molecule bonded to the other end thereof.
US07750342B2	Insulating organic polymer, organic insulating layer formed using the insulating polymer, and organic thin film transistor comprising the insulating layer Disclosed is an insulating organic polymer having side chains that enable the formation of a highly hydrophobic insulating layer with decreased surface energy. Decreased surface energy of an organic insulating layer formed using the insulating organic polymer may lead to an increase in the degree of alignment of a semiconductor material. Therefore, the insulating organic polymer may be used to fabricate an organic thin film transistor having improved characteristics, e.g., decreased threshold voltage and increased charge carrier mobility. Further disclosed are an organic insulating layer formed using the insulating polymer, an organic thin film transistor comprising the insulating layer and a method of fabricating the same, and an electronic device comprising the organic thin film transistor.
US07750330B2	Device and method for identifying recording medium and image forming apparatus An identification device operable to identify a type of a recording medium includes an irradiation unit configured to irradiate the recording medium with light, a reading unit configured to read the light that is irradiated from the irradiation unit and that is reflected from the recording medium to obtain an image, a processing unit configured to process the image obtained by the reading unit to output a plurality of pixel data items each having a light intensity value, a calculation unit configured to calculate a value representing amounts of change by which the light intensity values of the plurality of pixel data items continuously increase and decrease, and an identification unit configured to identify the type of the recording medium on the basis of the value representing the amounts of change calculated by the calculation unit.
US07750329B2	Optical tweezers An imaging device using an array of active pixels, with a readout control for outputting from selected regions of interest is disclosed. When used to detect the positions of optically trapped objects, the fast readout rate enables fine control of the optical traps to stabilize the objects. Multiple objects can be controlled while being moved relative to each other.
US07750327B2	Device for the generation of a gas curtain for plasma-based EUV radiation sources The invention is directed to a device for generating flows of gas for filtering the radiation emitted in plasma-based radiation sources. It is the object of the invention to find a novel possibility for generating a gas curtain in the immediate vicinity of a radiating plasma so as to permit a simple arrangement and design and a long life of the device for generating the gas curtain under extreme thermal stress. According to the invention, this object is met in that a slit nozzle is formed of a plurality of partial bodies comprising different materials to form a supersonic nozzle profile for the generation of a broad gas curtain in order to accommodate the slit nozzle to different thermal and precision-mechanical requirements in the gas inlet region and in the gas outlet region.
US07750324B2	Charged particle beam lithography apparatus and charged particle beam lithography method A charged particle beam lithography apparatus includes a first block area divider configured to divide a pattern forming area into a plurality of first block areas in order to make a number of shots when forming a pattern substantially equal; an area density calculator configured to calculate, using a plurality of small areas obtained by virtually dividing the pattern forming area into mesh areas of a predetermined size smaller than all of the first block areas, a pattern area density of each small area positioned therein for each of the first block areas; a second block area divider configured to re-divide the pattern forming area divided into the plurality of first block areas into a plurality of second block areas of a uniform size, which is larger than the small area; a corrected dose calculator configured to calculate, using the pattern area density of each small area, a proximity effect-corrected dose in each corresponding small area positioned inside the second block area for each of the second block areas; a beam dose calculator configured to calculate, using the proximity effect-corrected dose of each small area, a beam dose of a charged particle beam in each corresponding small area; and a pattern generator configured to form a predetermined pattern on a target object by irradiating a charged particle beam of the beam dose calculated for each of the small areas.
US07750322B2	Ion implanter for photovoltaic cell fabrication Ion implanters are especially suited to meet process dose and energy demands associated with fabricating photovoltaic devices by ion implantation followed by cleaving.
US07750314B2	Elevated temperature RF ion source An elevated temperature RF ion source system, comprising an ion source body, an RF antenna coil external to the ion source body, a vacuum enclosure surrounding both the outside surface of the ion source body and the RF antenna coil, at least one power supply, a gas delivery system operatively coupled to the ion source body, a vacuum condition between the outside surface of the ion source body and the RF antenna coil, the RF antenna coil operatively coupled to the at least one power supply, and a water cooling system operatively coupled to the RF antenna coil and the vacuum enclosure.
US07750309B2	Radiation imaging apparatus, apparatus control method, and computer-readable storage medium storing program for executing control To provide a radiation imaging apparatus which is capable of both connecting state radiographing for radiographing with a C arm connected and non-connecting state radiographing for radiographing with the C arm disconnected, and is convenient and obtains high quality images, the apparatus includes: a flat panel detector; a holding unit for holding at least the flat panel detector; and a control unit for controlling the flat panel detector. With the configuration, the flat panel detector can be connected to and disconnected from the holding unit; connecting state radiographing can be performed with the flat panel detector connected to the holding unit, and non-connecting state radiographing can be performed with the flat panel detector disconnected from the holding unit; the control unit controls the flat panel detector such that a heat generation quantity of the flat panel detector during the non-connecting state radiographing can be lower than a heat generation quantity of the flat panel detector during the connecting state radiographing.
US07750308B2	Compton camera device A Compton camera device according to the invention includes first means for reading coordinate data of a scattering point of a quantum ray detected by a pre-stage detector for each Compton scattering event, second means for reading coordinate data of a reaching point of the Compton-scattered quantum ray detected by a post-stage detector for each Compton scattering event, and third means for calculating a measurement accuracy of the scattered quantum ray by the first and second means for each Compton scattering event, calculating a statistical quantity of the quantum ray for each calculated measurement accuracy, and outputting the calculated statistical quantity to image reconstruction means.
US07750307B2	Radiation image capturing apparatus A radiation image capturing apparatus includes a conductive gel member disposed between a radiation detector and an integrated circuit provided in vicinity of the radiation detector and electrically connected thereto. The conductive gel member blocks the electromagnetic noise generated by the integrated circuit and thereby prevents the electromagnetic noise from propagating to the radiation detector. As a result, the electrical signals generated by the radiation detector are prevented from being affected by the electromagnetic noise and high-quality radiation images can be acquired.
US07750305B2	Integrated multi-channel time-to-digital converter for time-of-flight pet In a radiation detector (10) for a time of flight positron emission tomography (PET) scanner (2), a radiation sensitive member (20) generates a signal (22) indicative of a radiation detection event. A time to digital converter (34) includes digital delay elements (40) operatively interconnected as a ring oscillator (36, 36′) and readout circuitry (50, 52, 60, 82, 84, 86, 88) configured to generate a timestamp for the radiation detection event based at least on a state of the ring oscillator when the signal is generated. Delay trim elements (46) operatively connected to the digital delay elements set a substantially common delay for the digital delay elements. Additionally or alternatively, the digital delay elements (40) include readout buffers (48′) having transition times substantially longer than a delay of the digital delay elements, analog to digital converters (82, 84) digitize values of the delay elements, and decoding circuitry (86, 88) computes the state of the ring oscillator (36′) based on the digitized values.
US07750302B2	Method and apparatus for detecting naphthenic acids A method and apparatus for determining the concentration of organic acids in formation fluids is provided including pumps for pumping fluids from a subterranean formation into the body of a downhole tool and sources for illuminating the flow with infrared radiation to obtain the infrared absorption or a related parameter at one or more wavelengths, and processors for converting the measured absorption into the concentration of the organic acids, using for example a multi-value calibration matrix which relates IR absorption spectral values to concentration measurement under downhole conditions.
US07750297B1	Carbon nanotube collimator fabrication and application Apparatus, methods, systems and devices for fabricating individual CNT collimators. Micron size fiber coated CNT samples are synthesized with chemical vapor deposition method and then the individual CNT collimators are fabricated with focused ion beam technique. Unfocused electron beams are successfully propagated through the CNT collimators. The CNT nano-collimators are used for applications including single ion implantation and in high-energy physics, and allow rapid, reliable testing of the transmission of CNT arrays for transport of molecules.
US07750296B2	Scanning electron microscope and calibration of image distortion In method and apparatus for obtaining a scanning electron microscope image devoid of distortion by measuring a scanning distortion and calibrating the scanning distortion, there occurs a problem that an error takes place in dimension control owing to a scanning distortion of an electron beam. To cope with this problem, an image is obtained by scanning a predetermined region with the electron beam, a plurality of regions are selected from the image, the pattern pitch is measured in each of the regions and a scanning distortion amount is calculated from the result of measurement and then corrected.
US07750295B2	Extractor for an microcolumn, an alignment method for an extractor aperture to an electron emitter, and a measuring method and an alignment method using thereof The present invention provides a new extractor for a micro-column and an alignment method of the aperture of the extractor and an electron emitter for a micro-column. Further, the present invention provides a measuring system, a method for measuring, and an alignment method using the principle of the alignment.
US07750294B2	Photonic sensors, xerogel-based sensors and nanosensors A photonic sensor system is provided. The system generally includes a beta emission source, optionally, a scintillation layer, and a luminophore-containing sensory layer. The system can be embodied in a particle. Also provided are photonic sensor strategies which are highly accurate and photonic sensors which are highly stable.
US07750293B2	High-density FIB-SEM tomography via real-time imaging A method and an apparatus are for three-dimensional tomographic image generation in a scanning electron microscope system. At least two longitudinal marks are provided on the top surface of the sample which include an angle therebetween. In consecutive image recordings, the positions of these marks are determined and are used to quantify the slice thickness removed between consecutive image recordings.
US07750292B2	Mass spectrometer system A portable mass spectrometer system is described. The system includes a mass spectrometer device incorporated within an evacuated chamber. The chamber includes a permeable membrane located between the mass spectrometer device and an entrance port to the chamber. Located between the membrane and the entrance port is a valve. The valve is provided in an normally closed state and has an open state, such that, in use, the adoption of the open state allows the flow of the sample into the chamber through the membrane and into contact with the spectrometer device.
US07750289B2	Integrated optical device including an optoelectronic element and a sealing substrate with an optical element having optical power thereon An optical transceiver includes at least one light source and at least one detector mounted on the same surface of the same substrate. The detector is to receive light from other than a light source on the surface. At least one of the light source and the detector is mounted on the surface. An optics block having optical elements for each light source and detectors is attached via a vertical spacer to the substrate. Electrical interconnections for the light source and the detector are accessible from the same surface of the substrate with the optics block attached thereto. One of the light source and the detector may be monolithically integrated into the substrate.
US07750286B2	Compact image projector having a mirror for reflecting a beam received from a polarization beam splitter back to the polarization beam splitter A representative embodiment of the invention provides a compact image projector having a light source coupled to a spatial light modulator (SLM). The light source has a substantially planar structure. The overall size of the SLM is dominated by its length and/or width. The projector has an optical arrangement that enables the SLM to be oriented so that the SLM's dominant dimensions are parallel to the plane of the light source. Due to this relative orientation of the SLM and light source, one of the dimensions of the image projector can be smaller than 12 mm, which advantageously enables incorporation of the projector into a hand-held electronic device, such as a cell phone, PDA, or media player.
US07750273B2	Induction cooking mat for maintaining temperature in food and drink A device for maintaining temperature in food and drink by means of the induction principle. The device comprises a heating mat (10), on which induction containers and other types of containers for food and drink can be placed, and an energy converter (11) for connection to a power supply (46). The energy converter (11) converts the energy from the power supply to induction energy. The heating mat (10) comprises a hotplate (20) of a heat-resistant, non-metallic material, and at least one heating element (22) for generating a varying magnetic field by means of the induction energy from the energy converter (11).
US07750271B2	Systems and methods for controlling oven cooking A control system for an oven includes a temperature sensor configured to detect a cavity temperature within the cavity, and a controller operatively coupled with the sensor. The oven includes a body having a cavity defined therein and at least one heater positioned within the cavity. The controller is also configured to receive a signal from the sensor, to calculate a rate of temperature change of the cavity temperature, and to adjust a power level of the heater based on the cavity temperature and the calculated rate of temperature change.
US07750270B2	Nanoparticle generator A nanoparticle generator includes a heating unit directly heating material for generating nanoparticles. Due to the structure of the heating unit directly heating the material, a space between the heating unit and the material is eliminated such that a volume of the nanoparticle generator is remarkably reduced and the nanoparticle generator is easily minimized.
US07750269B2	Laser for forming bags from a web of material A fastener includes first and second tracks. The first track includes a first profile, and the second track includes a second profile for interlocking with the first profile. The fastener extends between opposing ends. The first and second profiles at each of the opposing ends are sealed to each other using a laser. In one embodiment, the fastener is initially continuous and is subsequently divided into segments by simultaneously cutting and sealing the fastener at spaced target locations using the laser. The segments are associated with respective plastic bags. At each of the target locations, the laser directs a laser beam at the fastener such that the laser beam cuts through the first and second profiles and simultaneously seals the first and second profiles to each other on opposite sides of the cut. The seals on the opposite sides of the cut terminate respective ends of adjacent ones of the segments.
US07750267B2	Apparatus and method for laser engraveable printing plates An apparatus and method for calibration of laser ablating energy versus ablating depth for a laser ablateable printing plate in relation to materials forming the printing plate, includes a memory for storing data, for each of a plurality of materials, corresponding to correlated different detected depths of each of a plurality of laser ablated areas with ablating energy levels. A first laser ablates a printing image of desired depth in a printing plate formed by a selected one of the materials. A first control device interpolates laser ablating energy levels for the printing image of desired depth in the printing plate formed by the selected material, in accordance with the stored data and the selected material, and controls the laser to laser ablate the printing image in the printing plate of the selected material in accordance with the interpolated laser ablating energy levels.
US07750262B2	Rocker switch A rocker switch, particularly a window lift switch in a motor vehicle, has a switch housing in which a rocker lever can be adjusted from an initial position, against a restoring force, into a switch-on position. The rocker lever is disposed in the switch housing on one side. In the initial position, its surface forming the free end of the rocker lever is approximately flush with the surrounding areas of the switch housing, and, in the switch-on position, this surface protrudes out from the surrounding areas.
US07750260B2	Leading auxiliary switch for circuit breaker A leading auxiliary switch includes an auxiliary switch housing for attachment to a circuit breaker. An operating slide is provided having a sliding edge and being supported so as to be movable in a first sliding direction. A contact carrier is provided supported so as to be movable parallel to the first sliding direction. The contact carrier includes a sliding nose and is movable in a first operating phase of the operating slide against an action of a contact pressure spring into an ON position of movable contacts with fixed contacts. A drive slide is supported in the auxiliary switch housing so as to be movable in a second sliding direction transverse to the first sliding direction, the drive slide including first and second opposed sliding surfaces extending at an angle to the first and second sliding directions. The sliding edge of the operating slide abuts against the first sliding surface in the first operating phase and is out of contact with the first sliding surface in the second operating phase.
US07750259B2	Switch adaptable to different operating configurations and improved axial support The present invention relates to a single-pole or multi-pole switch to be used preferably in low-voltage systems. The switch (1) comprises an outer casing (2) containing for each pole at least one fixed contact (10) and one mobile contact (20) that can be coupled to/uncoupled from one another. The mobile contacts (20) are housed in appropriate seats (25) provided on a mobile element (50). The switch (1) moreover comprises an energy-accumulation control mechanism (60), operatively connected to the mobile element (50) to enable its movement. The switch (1) according to the invention is advantageously provided with means of axial support operatively connected to the mobile element (50) in order to support the gravitational thrusts that are generated along the axis of rotation of the mobile element itself when said axis is inclined with respect to a substantially horizontal plane.
US07750257B2	Molded polymer load tap changer A load tap changer connected to a power source to control voltage supplied from the power source to a load includes a base assembly that includes a base element onto which multiple stationary contacts that connect to taps of a winding of an electrical control device are mounted. The load tap changer also includes a movable assembly that includes a movable element that rotates to connect at least one pair of movable contacts mounted on the movable element to a stationary contact to select a corresponding tap. The load tap changer also includes a cover assembly that includes a cover element onto which a motor that rotates the movable element relative to the base assembly is mounted.
US07750253B2	Conveyor belt scale system A scale may include a conveyor belt that carries a load, where the load has a weight. A generator is included that receives mechanical energy arising from movement of the conveyor belt and outputs electrical energy that corresponds to a rate of movement of the conveyor belt. At least one load cell receives the electrical energy from the generator, senses the weight of the load, and outputs a voltage that corresponds to the weight of the load and the rate of movement of the conveyor belt.
US07750249B2	Multilayer printed circuit board and method of manufacturing same A printed circuit board is provided which is capable of shortening intervals among core layer vias and suppressing high impedance. After the core layer vias each having a cylindrical conducting layer are formed so that conducting portions come into contact with one another, a punching process is performed along a symmetric axis of each of four core layer vias so that a through-hole of a specified diameter passes through a core board to form the core layer vias separated from one another and the through-hole is filled with an insulator and a punching process is performed along a central axis of the through-hole filled with the insulator so as to pass through the core board to form the through-hole having a diameter being shorter than that of the through-hole and the conducting layer is formed on an inside wall of the through-hole to form the core layer via.
US07750244B1	Water blocking electrical cable An electrical cable for shipboard use that can block water is disclosed. The electrical cable includes conductors, water swellable tapes, water swellable yarns, solid fillers, and a jacket. Each conductor is substantially wrapped with water swellable tape. The conductors are disposed adjacent to each other thereby forming interstitial voids between each of the conductors. Solid fillers and water swellable yarns are alternatively disposed in each interstitial void. Additional water swellable tape substantially envelopes the conductors, water swellable yarns, and solid fillers. The jacket is disposed on the outermost peripheral surface of the electrical cable.
US07750243B1	Water blocked communication cable comprising filling compound and method of fabrication A water blocked communication cable has an outer jacket defining an interior space, a plurality of conductors, such as a plurality of twisted conductor pairs, disposed within the interior space, and a thixotropic, cold pumpable filling compound disposed within the interior space between the plurality of conductors and the outer jacket. The filling compound consists, for example, of a refined mineral oil base and an organic polymeric gelling agent with a dispersion of micro spheres and has a dielectric constant not greater than 1.8.
US07750240B2	Coaxial cable A coaxial cable includes a core, an insulating layer, a shielding layer, a sheathing layer. The core includes an amount of carbon nanotubes having at least one conductive coating disposed about the carbon nanotubes. The carbon nanotubes are orderly arranged. The insulating layer is about the core. The shielding layer is about the insulating layer. The sheathing layer is about the shielding layer.
US07750236B2	Non-boring support system for transmission line structures A support system for transmission lines includes a base plate, a securing assembly, and a supporting arm. The base plate is secured to the transmission line pole with the securing assembly. The supporting arm can include an insulating apparatus; the insulator apparatus of the supporting arm is adapted to provide a safe dielectric distance from the transmission power line and the transmission line structure, e.g., power pole. A first end of the supporting arm is carried by a mounting member and is connected to the transmission line pole via the base plate, while the second end can receive a conductor with a connector. The connector is adapted to secure a conductor, and is positioned at the second end of the insulator apparatus.
US07750232B2	Multi-crystalline silicon-germanium bulk crystal for use as a solar cell and method of making A multi-crystalline silicon germanium bulk crystal with microscopic compositional distribution is adapted for use in solar cells to substantially increase conversion efficiency. By controlling the average Ge concentration between 0.1 and 8.0 mole percent, significant improvements are attained with respect to short circuit current density and conversion efficiency.
US07750228B2	Tone processing apparatus and method For at least one music piece, a storage section stores tone data of each of a plurality of fragments segmented from the music piece and stores a first descriptor indicative of a musical character of each of the fragments in association with the fragment. Descriptor generation section receives input data based on operation by a user and generates a second descriptor, indicative of a musical character, on the basis of the received input data. Determination section determines similarity between the second descriptor and the first descriptor of each of the fragments. Selection section selects the tone data of at least one fragment on the basis of a result of the similarity determination by the determination section. On the basis of the tone data of the selected at least one fragment, a data generation section generates tone data to be outputted.
US07750227B2	Appliance audio notification device A flexible audio tone-generating device for use in a consumer appliance. The device generates pleasing musical tones. The device uses two outputs of a software-executing processor utilizing stored tone data associated with status events of the appliance to drive a tone circuit for outputting a melody using the tones to notify the user of the existence of one of the status events.
US07750223B2	Musical interaction assisting apparatus A musical interaction assisting apparatus is to enhance friendliness between an electronic musical instrument and the player. The player's actions are detected acoustically, visually or physically, and the interaction assisting apparatus interprets the detected player's actions and generates interactive responses thereto. The interactive responses are outputted acoustically, visually or physically for the player, and electronically to control the electronic musical instrument. The interaction assisting apparatus also has a learning function to provide proper responses to the player.
US07750218B2	Vibrato based percussion instrument A percussion instrument that produces a vibrato which is the most noticeable characteristic of the instrument. In one embodiment, the instrument is configured as a single two-dimensional curve, or a primary curve which is deeper or more pronounced than secondary curves along the surface of said instrument, and wherein said primary curve facilitates an oscillating flexing motion which produces an increase in the amplitude of the lowest frequency mode of vibration, the low pitch frequency modulates the whole of the spectrum of a musical sound by repeatedly raising and lowering said spectrum of sound in a periodic or oscillating manner, this effect being defined here as “vibrato”. The instrument is suspended from one or more points, by means of an instrument supporting member or mounting device, rigid or flexible. The suspension or mounting points approximate the nodal area of the instrument.
US07750212B2	Cotton variety 04P011 The invention relates to the novel cotton variety designated 04P011. Provided by the invention are the seeds, plants, plant parts and derivatives of the cotton variety 04P011. Also provided by the invention are tissue cultures of the cotton variety 04P011 and the plants regenerated therefrom. Still further provided by the invention are methods for producing cotton plants by crossing the cotton variety 04P011 with itself or another cotton variety and plants produced by such methods.
US07750210B2	Compositions with increased phytosterol levels obtained from plants with decreased triterpene saponin levels This invention is in the field of plant molecular biology. More specifically, this invention pertains to compositions having increased levels of at least one phytosterol, said compositions being obtained from plants or plant parts, and methods thereof. The plants may have decreased levels of triterpene saponins. The plants or plant parts may comprise at least one recombinant DNA molecule comprising a promoter operably linked to at least a portion of at least one polynucleotide from at least one oxidosqualene cyclase gene, said recombinant DNA molecule sufficient to increase the production of at least one phytosterol; or any progeny of said plant, wherein said progeny comprise said recombinant DNA molecule. Compositions, oils, as well as food and feed products obtained from or prepared with said compositions are also part of the invention.
US07750207B2	Zea mays ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase activase promoter The present invention provides gene regulatory element polynucleotide molecules, including a promoter and a leader, identified from the ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase activase (RUA) Zea mays gene, useful for expressing transgenes in plants. The invention further discloses compositions, polynucleotide constructs, transformed host cells, transgenic plants and seeds comprising the Zea mays gene regulatory molecules, and methods for preparing and using the same.
US07750204B2	Methods for producing antibody This invention provides methods for producing antibodies, wherein the methods comprise the step of administering an immunogen comprising both a target antigen and a background antigen to transgenic animals, into which a gene coding for the background antigen has been introduced. Since immunotolerance to the background antigens have thus been induced in the transgenic animals, the animals efficiently produce antibodies to target antigens.
US07750203B2	Comfortable diaper An absorbent article, preferably a disposable absorbent article such as a diaper, is disclosed that provides an improved immobilization of absorbent polymer material when the article is fully or partially urine loaded. This absorbent core is useful for providing an absorbent article of increased wearing comfort. Specifically disclosed is an absorbent core useful for an absorbent article comprising a substrate layer and absorbent material, the absorbent material comprising an absorbent polymer material, the absorbent material optionally comprising absorbent fibrous material, the absorbent fibrous material not representing more than 20% of the weight of absorbent polymer material, wherein the absorbent material is immobilized when wet such that the absorbent core achieves a wet immobilization of more than 50%, preferably of more than 60%, 70%, 80% or 90% according to the Wet Immobilization Test described herein.
US07750201B2	Wound dressings with anti-microbial and chelating agents A wound dressing includes one or more layers containing a first anti-microbial agent and at least one of: a chelating agent, and a second anti-microbial agent.
US07750199B1	Kit systems for granulated decontamination formulations A decontamination formulation and method of making that neutralizes the adverse health effects of both chemical and biological compounds, especially chemical warfare (CW) and biological warfare (BW) agents, and toxic industrial chemicals. The formulation provides solubilizing compounds that serve to effectively render the chemical and biological compounds, particularly CW and BW compounds, susceptible to attack, and at least one reactive compound that serves to attack (and detoxify or kill) the compound. The formulation includes at least one solubilizing agent, a reactive compound, a sorbent additive, and water. A highly adsorbent sorbent additive (e.g., amorphous silica, sorbitol, mannitol, etc.) is used to “dry out” one or more liquid ingredients into a dry, free-flowing powder that has an extended shelf life, and is more convenient to handle and mix in the field. The formulation can be pre-mixed and pre-packaged as a multi-part kit system, where one or more of the parts are packaged in a powdered, granulated form for ease of handling and mixing in the field.
US07750198B2	Olefinic feedstock treatment processes Aromatic by-products are sorbed from mono-olefin-containing feedstocks of olefins having from about 6 to 22 carbon atoms per molecule that contain aromatic by-products having from 7 to 22 carbon atoms per molecule. A benzene-containing regenerant displaces and desorbs the aromatic by-products from the sorbent and a regeneration effluent is provided. The regeneration effluent is treated in a regeneration effluent distillation system to provide a benzene-rich stream and an aromatic by-products-containing stream. The latter is subjected to benzene-forming conditions and recycled to the regeneration effluent distillation system where benzene is recovered.
US07750196B2	Oxygenate conversion using molecular sieve SSZ-75 The present invention relates to new crystalline molecular sieve SSZ-75 having STI framework topology prepared using a tetramethylene-1,4-bis-(N-methylpyrrolidinium) dication as a structure-directing agent and its use in catalysts for converting oxygenates, e.g., methanol, to olefins.
US07750183B2	Methods for purifying amino acids In the method for separating and purifying a basic amino acid, preferably the basic amino acid selected from arginine, lysine or ornithine from a culture containing the amino acid, the culture containing the a basic amino acid and microbial cells, preferably the culture whose pH is 4 to 10, is charged onto the top of a column filled with a weak acid cation exchange resin whose particle size is 300 μm or more and passed therethrough, and then an eluent is poured into the column from the top thereof whereby accomplishing the separation and the purification of the basic amino acid.
US07750180B2	Process for the preparation of N-phosphonomethylglycine and derivatives thereof N-phosphonomethylamines are produced by reaction of an amine substrate with a halomethylphosphonic acid or salt thereof, a hydroxymethylphosphonic acid or salt thereof, or a dehydrated self-ester dimer, trimer or oligomer of hydroxymethylphosphonic acid. Among the products that may be prepared according to the process are N-phosphonomethylaminocarboxylic acids such as (e.g.) glyphosate, N-phosphonomethylaminoalkanols such as (e.g.) hydroxyethlaminomethylphosphonic acid, and N-acylaminomethylphosphonic acids such as (e.g.) N-carbamylaminomethylphosphonic acid. Certain reactions are conducted with a substantial excess of amine reactant in order to drive the conversion while avoiding excessive formation of bis(N-phosphonomethyl)amine by-products. Other reactions use a secondary amine substrate (such as iminodiacetic acid) and can be conducted at substantial equimolar ratios of halomethylaminomethylphosphonic acid or hydroxyaminomethylphosphonic acid to secondary amine reactant without significant formation of bis(phosphonomethyl)amine by-products. Further disclosed is a process for the preparation of hydroxymethylphosphonic acid self-ester dimers, trimers and oligomers by azeotropic dehydration.
US07750178B2	Polymerizable acrylate compound containing hexafluorocarbinol group and polymer made therefrom The present invention relates to a polymerizable acrylate compound represented by the general formula (1): (in the formula, R1 represents a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, hydrocarbon group or fluorine-containing alkyl group, R2 and R3 may be different or identical, and each of them independently is a hydrogen atom, fluorine atom, hydrocarbon group optionally branched, fluorine-containing alkyl group, aromatic group, or cyclic structure containing an aliphatic group and may contain oxygen or carbonyl bond) and a polymer compound obtained by using the same.
US07750174B2	Fluoroalkyl carbinol generating silane surface treatment agents The compound is a silane surface treatment agent and is useful for modifying the surfaces of silicon oxide and other metal oxides with hexafluorodimethyl carbinol functional groups. Additionally provided is a surface treatment procedure that effectively bonds it and other alkoxysilanes via homogeneous and heterogeneous amine catalysis onto metal oxide surfaces.
US07750172B2	High metathesis activity ruthenium and osmium carbene complexes Ruthenium and osmium carbene compounds that are stable in the presence of a variety of functional groups and can be used to catalyze olefin metathesis reactions on unstrained cyclic and acyclic olefins are disclosed. Also disclosed are methods of making the carbene compounds. The carbene compounds are of the formula where M is Os or Ru; R1 is hydrogen; R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, and substituted or unsubstituted aryl; X and X1 are independently selected from any anionic ligand; and L and L1 are independently selected from any neutral electron donor. The ruthenium and osmium carbene compounds of the present invention may be synthesized using diazo compounds, by neutral electron donor ligand exchange, by cross metathesis, using acetylene, using cumulated olefins, and in a one-pot method using diazo compounds and neutral electron donors. The ruthenium and osmium carbene compounds of the present invention may be used to catalyze olefin metathesis reactions including, but not limited to, ROMP, RCM, depolymerization of unsaturated polymers, synthesis of telechelic polymers, and olefin synthesis.
US07750171B2	Catalyst assembly for hydrosilylation, process for preparing it and silicone compositions incorporating it Process for preparing catalyst assemblies by mixing a metal catalyst capable of catalyzing a hydrosilylation reaction and an organophosphorus inhibitor of the formula (I) or of formula (VIII) P(OR)3, either by mixing the inhibitor into a solution of catalyst in an unsaturated silane or siloxane or by mixing the inhibitor into a gum or oil at a temperature greater than the melting temperature or softening temperature of the organophosphorus compound, then mixing the catalyst. Catalyst assemblies, process for preparing one-component silicone compositions, and resultant compositions.
US07750170B2	Process for mixing an oxidant having explosive potential with a hydrocarbon The invention provides a process for the mixing of an oxidant having explosive potential with a hydrocarbon material, which comprises conveying a first stream comprising the hydrocarbon material and a second stream comprising the oxidant into a microchannel apparatus, allowing mixing to occur, and withdrawing the mixture. The process is useful for the preparation of ethylene oxide.
US07750168B2	Stabilized deuteroborane-tetrahydrofuran complex A stabilized deuteroborane-tetrahydrofuran complex is disclosed. Also disclosed are processes for the preparation of the deuteroborane-tetrahydrofuran complex and methods of storing and transporting the prepared complex. The deuteroborane-tetrahydrofuran complexes exhibit enhanced shelf life and increased self-accelerated decomposition temperatures.
US07750166B2	Ionic liquids containing a sulfonate anion The present invention relates to novel ionic liquids comprising a docusate, docusate variant, or other sulfonate anion. The ionic liquids may be conveniently made via, for example, metathesis. The ionic liquids are often hydrophobic and useful in many hydrocarbon compositions, polymer compositions, and in supercritical carbon dioxide applications. The ionic liquids are capable of hindering static electricity buildup in the hydrocarbon compositions and can therefore minimize flammability and/or explosiveness.
US07750164B2	Synthesis of epothilones, intermediates thereto, analogues and uses thereof The present invention provides convergent processes for preparing epothilone A and B, desoxyepothilones A and B, and analogues thereof. Also provided are analogues related to epothilone A and B and intermediates useful for preparing same. The present invention further provides novel compositions based on analogues of the epothilones and methods for the treatment of cancer and cancer which has developed a multidrug-resistant phenotype.
US07750161B2	Pyridine derivatives The invention relates to novel pyridine derivatives and related compounds and their use as active ingredients in the preparation of pharmaceutical compositions. The invention also concerns related aspects including processes for the preparation of the compounds, pharmaceutical compositions containing one or more of those compounds and especially their use as neurohormonal antagonists.
US07750159B2	Phenanthroline derivative and light emitting element and light emitting device using the same It is an object of the present invention to provide a novel material that can be used for an electron injecting material. In addition, it is an object of the present invention to provide a light-emitting element that is able to broaden choices for an electrode material.An aspect of the present invention is an electron injecting material represented by a general formula (2). In the general formula (2), R6 is selected from the group consisting of an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, where the alkenyl group and the aryl group may have a substituent.
US07750158B2	Cannabinoid receptor ligands Compounds of Formula I: and/or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates or prodrugs thereof, or pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activity, and can be effective in treating cancer and inflammatory, immunomodulatory or respiratory diseases or conditions.
US07750157B2	Luminescent compounds having a functionalized linker arm used in the bioconjugation and labeling of biomolecules The present invention relates to luminescent compounds having a functionalised linker arm, their synthesis and use in bioconjugation and labelling of biomolecules, such as for example nucleosides, nucleotides, nucleic acids (DNA, RNA or PNA) and proteins, as well as their use in the execution of in vitro and in vivo analytic and diagnostic assays.
US07750156B2	Method of producing aminophenol compounds The present invention provides an industrially advantageous method of producing aminophenol compounds represented by the formula (1) by a simple and easy procedure at a high yield and a high purity. The present invention provides a method of producing an aminophenol compound represented by the formula (1): (wherein each of R1 and R2, which may be the same or different, is a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted lower alkyl group or the like; R1 and R2, taken together with the adjacent nitrogen atom, may form a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle with or without other intervening heteroatoms; the heterocycle may be substituted by 1 to 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted lower alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryloxy group and the like; and the hydroxyl group in the formula (1) is substituted on the 2- or 4-position to the amino group on the phenyl ring), which comprises allowing a cyclohexanedione compound represented by the formula (2) to react with an amine compound represented by the formula (3) (wherein R1 and R2 are as defined above), under a neutral or basic condition.
US07750155B2	Pyrazinyl hydroxyacrylamide compounds having an inhibitory effect on the activity of histone deacetylase This invention relates to novel N-hydroxyacrylamide compounds of formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. More particularly, it relates to novel N-hydroxyacrylamide compounds and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof which act as a HDAC inhibitor, to a pharmaceutical composition comprising the same and to a method of using the same therapeutically in the treatment and/or prevention of HDAC-related disease.
US07750152B2	Intermediate compounds for making dihydropteridinones useful as pharmaceutical compositions and processes of making the same Disclosed are dihydropteridinones of general formula (I) wherein the groups L and R1-R5 have the meanings given in the claims and specification, the pharmaceutical compositions, isomers, intermediates thereof and processes for preparing these dihydropteridinones. The compounds are useful the treatment and/or prevention of cancer, infections, inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.
US07750144B2	Methods and compositions for enhancing the efficacy and specificity of RNA silencing The present invention provides methods of enhancing the efficacy and specificity of RNA silencing. The invention also provides compositions for mediating RNA silencing. In particular, the invention provides siRNAs, siRNA-like molecules, shRNAs, vectors and transgenes having improved specificity and efficacy in mediating silencing of a target gene. Therapeutic methods are also featured.
US07750140B2	Ghrelin binding nucleic acids The present invention is related to an antagonist of ghrelin, wherein the antagonist is a nucleic acid, and whereby preferably the nucleic acid is binding to ghrelin.
US07750138B2	Angiogenesis-inhibiting chimeric protein and the use The present invention is directed to DNA sequence encoding angiogenesis-inhibiting recombinant chimeric protein, the chimeric protein per se, the pharmaceutical use of the chimeric protein, and to the pharmaceutical composition containing the recombinant protein and the formulation thereof.
US07750135B2	Molecular design of thermostable alcohol dehydrogenase for synthesis for chiral aromatic alcohols The present invention relates to compositions and methods utilizing thermostable and novel alcohol dehydrogenase enzymes for biosynthesizing chiral specific molecules for use as precursor molecules in synthesizing pharmaceutical compounds. Particularly, in preferred embodiments, the invention relates to directed engineering of an enzymatic catalytic site of an alcohol dehydrogenase enzyme gene for enhancing enantioselectivity for (S)-enantiomer substrate catalytic activity for providing aryl (S)-enantiomer products in stereomeric excess.
US07750130B2	Azobenzene derivative, fluorescent particle and method of fabricating the same Provided is the azobenzene derivative denoted by general formula (I). In general formula (I), R1 denotes a hydrogen atom or the like; Ar1 and Ar2 each independently denote an arylene group optionally comprising a substituent R or an aromatic heterocycle optionally comprising a substituent R, wherein Ar1 and Ar2 which are bonded through an azo group comprise at least two substituents denoted by R in total and multiple atoms and/or substituents denoted by R may be identical or different; R denotes a halogen atom or the like; X denotes an alkylene group optionally comprising a hetero atom; X1 denotes —NH— or the like; Y denotes a hydrogen atom or the like; a denotes an integer ranging from 0 to 2; and m and n each independently denote an integer ranging from 1 to 8.
US07750129B2	Process for the purification of antibodies The present invention relates to a process for the purification of antibodies from one or more impurities in a liquid, which process comprises contacting said liquid with a first chromatography resin comprised of a support to which multi-modal ligands have been immobilised to adsorb the antibodies to the resin, wherein each multi-modal ligand comprises at least one cation-exchanging group and at least one aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system; adding an eluent to release the antibodies from the resin; and contacting the eluate so obtained with a second chromatography resin. In one embodiment, the ring-forming atoms of the aromatic or heteroaromatic entity are selected from the group consisting of C, S and O, and the cation exchanging group is a weak cation exchanger.
US07750127B2	Modified Fc molecules The present invention concerns compositions of matter, for example, but not limited to, modified antibodies, in which one or more biologically active peptides are incorporated into a loop region of a non-terminal domain of an immunoglobulin Fc domain.
US07750126B2	Antibodies that bind to a member of the IL-6/G-CSF/MGF family A full-length cDNA corresponding to an EST (AA418955), which does not show any homology to other proteins in the database but has a weak homology to G-CSF, has been successfully isolated by synthesizing primers based on the EST sequence, and effecting PCR-cloning from a human fetal spleen library. Sequencing of the thus-isolated cDNA and analysis of its structure revealed that the cDNA has typical characteristics of a factor belonging to the IL-6/G-CSF/MGF family. It is also found out that the culture supernatant of said sequence-transfected CHO cells shows a proliferation supporting activity towards bone marrow cells in the coexistence of kit ligand.
US07750120B2	Modified vitamin K-dependent polypeptides The invention provides vitamin K-dependent polypeptides with enhanced membrane binding affinity. These polypeptides can be used to modulate clot formation in mammals. Methods of modulating clot formation in mammals are also described.
US07750119B2	Production of 2S canola protein involving ion exchange Substantially pure 2S canola protein is obtained substantially free from 7S and 12S canola protein by a procedure in which 2S canola protein is captured by binding to a cation-exchange medium while permitting other proteins and impurities to be washed away. The 2S canola protein then is removed from the cation-exchange medium by exposure of the cation-exchange medium to saline at a suitably high salt concentration.
US07750117B2	Methods for heat-stabilizing proteins with specific binding activities It is disclosed here that a protein with a heat-labile specific binding activity can be stabilized with a saccharide compound with regard to the binding activity. To heat-stabilize the protein, it is mixed with a saccharide compound in a liquid suspension and the suspension is then dried to produce a solid that contains the protein and the saccharide. The saccharide compounds that possess the protein heat-stabilization activity include monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides, alkylated monosaccharides, alkylated disaccharides, alkylated polysaccharides, monosaccharide alcohols and alkylated monosaccharide alcohols.
US07750113B2	Supramolecular polymers The invention relates to a supramolecular polymer containing units which are linked by hydrogen bonds, said units being monomers of prepolymers comprising at least one functional group selected from the functional groups (1) and (3) and a second functional group (5) wherein A denotes oxygen, sulphur or NH and X is any unit; the hydrogen bonds in the supramolecular polymer being formed between two identical or different functional groups chosen from the functional groups (1) to (5). The inventive polymers can be used alone, i.e. in the form of a composition which is essentially made from said polymers and, optionally, stabilizers, antioxidants, etc. or in the form of a mixture with other polymers or other products.
US07750111B2	Polyarylene sulfide and its production method A polyarylene sulfide has a narrow molecular weight distribution and a high molecular weight and high purity which is industrially useful, wherein the polyarylene sulfide has a weight average molecular weight of 10,000 or more, and weight loss when heated, ΔWr=(W1−W2)/W1 × 100≦0.18(%) (wherein ΔWr is weight loss ratio (%), W1 is sample weight when arrived at 100° C. and W2 is sample weight when arrived at 330° C.). Its production method includes a polyarylene sulfide prepolymer which contains a cyclic polyarylene sulfide at least 50 wt % or more, and of which weight average molecular weight is less than 10,000 is heated to be converted to a high polymer of which weight average molecular weight is 10,000 or more.
US07750109B2	Use of a residual oligomer recyclate in the production of macrocyclic polyester oligomer The invention relates to methods and systems for the use of an oligomer recyclate from a depolymerization product stream. The oligomer byproduct of a polyester depolymerization reaction can be used as a reactant in the formation of a polyester. For example, linear oligomer byproduct can be used as a reactant in a solution polymerization to form a low-acid polyalkylene terephthalate.
US07750103B2	Cyclooctene monomers and polymers, and water purification articles and methods utilizing them Azidoaryl-substituted cyclooctene monomers and synthesized and used in the preparation of various copolymers. Among these copolymers are those prepared from ring-opening metathesis polymerization of cyclooctene, polyethylene glycol-substituted cyclooctene, and azidoaryl-substituted cyclooctene. These copolymers are useful in the formation of crosslinked films that reduce fouling of water purification membranes.
US07750099B2	Method for producing an aqueous dispersion containing a complex of poly(3,4-dialkoxythiophene) and a polyanion The method for producing an aqueous dispersion containing a complex of poly(3,4-dialkoxythiophene) and a polyanion comprises: a process of polymerizing 3,4-dialkoxythiophene in the presence of a polyanion by using an oxidizing agent in an aqueous solvent, in which polystyrene-sulfonic acid having a specific molecular weight and a sulfonation degree or polystyrenesulfonic acid having another specific sulfonation degree is used as the polyanion, or in which pH of the reaction mixture during the reaction is set to a specific value.
US07750096B2	Method for emulsion polymerizing olefins An aqueous polymer dispersion is prepared by reacting at least one olefin in the presence of at least one polymerization catalyst and one emulsifier in an aqueous medium by a process wherein the polymerization catalyst is prepared in an in situ reaction by reacting the ligand compound 2,6-dichloro-para-benzoquinone (Ia) and/or 2,3,6-trichloro-para-benzoquinone (Ib) with a phosphine compound or diphosphine compound and with a metal compound and the polymerization reaction is effected in an aqueous medium.
US07750094B2	Adducts and curable compositions using same The present invention relates to novel adducts useful for improving the toughness and curable compositions using such toughening adducts. In a particular aspect, the present invention relates to novel toughening adducts and curable compositions having improved fracture toughness using those toughening adducts.
US07750093B2	Polyurethanes derived from oligomeric fluoroacrylates The present invention relates to fluorochemical polyurethane compounds, a method for their preparation, a method of application, and compositions comprising that fluorochemical polyurethane compound. The compound and the composition comprising that compound are suitable to impart durable oil- and water-repellency to substrates.
US07750091B2	Polyphenylene-poly(aryl ether sulfone) blends, articles and method Compositions comprising blends of polyphenylene and poly(aryl ether sulfone) and methods for making such blends are disclosed. Miscible blends of polyphenylene and poly(aryl ether sulfone) are also disclosed. The blends are useful in numerous applications such as in the preparation of articles and of foams having reduced density.
US07750089B2	Dispersant viscosity modifiers based on diene-containing polymers A composition of the reaction product of (a) an isobutylene-diene copolymer having thereon groups containing carboxylic acid functionality or reactive equivalent thereof, derived from an α,β-unsaturated carboxylic compound; and (b) an amine component comprising at least one aromatic amine containing at least one N—H group capable of condensing with said carboxylic acid functionality, is a useful dispersant viscosity modifier.
US07750087B2	Modified polymers prepared with lanthanide-based catalysts A method for preparing a functionalized polymer comprising the steps of preparing a pseudo-living polymer by polymerizing conjugated diene monomer with a lanthanide-based catalyst, and reacting the pseudo-living polymer with at least one functionalizing agent defined by the formula (I) where A is a substituent that will undergo an addition reaction with a pseudo-living polymer, R1 is a divalent organic group, R2 is a monovalent organic group, and each R4, which may be the same or different, is a monovalent organic group or a substituent defined by —OR5 where R5 is a monovalent organic group, with the proviso that A, R1, R2, R4, and R5 are substituents that will not protonate a pseudo-living polymer. Also, the functionalized polymer and a vulcanizable composition containing the polymer.
US07750085B2	Water-absorbing agent and its production process A water-absorbing agent according to the present invention includes water-absorbent resin particles having an internal cross-linked structure, wherein a vicinity of a surface of the water-absorbent resin particle is cross-linked with a surface cross-linking agent, and the water-absorbent resin particle has therein a sea-island structure having (i) part containing a first water-soluble multivalent metal salt such as aluminum sulfate and (ii) part not containing the first water-soluble multivalent metal salt. With this arrangement, it is possible to provide a water-absorbing agent having less water-soluble component content, more excellent liquid permeability, and more excellent water retention under pressure than the conventional water-absorbing agent.
US07750081B2	Random copolymer with enhanced ethylene content A polypropylene resin, useful for the production of biaxially oriented polypropylene (BOPP) film, is provided. The polymer of the present invention is a blend of high crystalline polypropylene homopolymer and a high ethylene ethylene/propylene random copolymer (RCP). The present invention also provides a method of preparing the novel resin as well as a novel BOPP film comprising the resin.
US07750079B2	Compositions and methods for producing silicone hydrogel contact lenses Compositions, such as lens precursor compositions, and methods for producing lens precursor compositions have been invented. The present methods include forming a premix composition, which can include one or more monomeric components, forming a macromer composition, which includes one or more silicon containing macromers, forming a premix/initiator composition, which can include a photoinitiator, and contacting the premix/initiator composition with the macromer composition to form a polymerizable monomer-containing composition useful in the production of producing silicone hydrogel contact lenses.
US07750077B2	Method for the production of polymethylvinylsiloxane resins with recycling of volatile oligoorganosiloxanes The invention relates to the field of silicon resins, particularly polymethylvinylsiloxane resins. The invention more specifically relates to a method for the production of polymethylvinylsiloxane resins comprising at least two different types of siloxy motifs R3SiO1/2 (motif M) and SiO4/2 (motif Q, optionally QOH), said method comprising the following steps: a) producing a siloxane resin comprising motifs Q by acidic hydrolysis of a siloxane resin precursor, preferably an alkaline silicate; b) functionalizing the siloxane resin obtained in step a) with halogenosilanes in the presence of an apolar solvent, the functionalizing generating sub-products including volatile oligosiloxanes (silox); c) recovering silox produced in step b) in a solution in the apolar solvent; and d) subjecting the resin functionalized in step b) to rearrangement with the aid of a strong base in order to eliminate the silanols, wherein at least a part of the silox produced during step b) and recovered in step c) is recycled.
US07750076B2	Polymer comprising silicone and at least one metal trace A polymer layer comprising silicone contains oxide particles of SiO2, TiO2, Sb2O3, SnO2, Al2O3, ZnO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4, talc, hydroxyapatite or mixtures thereof and one or more metal traces embedded in the polymer layer, where the metal trace is bonded to the polymer silicon metal bond.
US07750074B2	Copolymer surfactants The present invention relates to copolymer surfactants and their use in, e.g., coatings such as latex paint and solvent-based paint, and to a method of dispersing colored pigments using the copolymer surfactant, colorant compositions in which at least one pigment is dispersed by a copolymer surfactant of the invention, a paint which has a colorant composition of the invention, and a method for making a paint having a colorant composition of the invention.
US07750073B2	Use of thermoplastic elastomers in a composition and compositions thereof Compositions and methods for the formation of physically cross-linked thermoplastic elastomeric films are disclosed. The disclosed films are long-lasting, flexible, transfer resistant, and water-proof. The film-forming compositions comprise a thermoplastic elastomer, a tackifier resin, and a volatile solvent useful for formulating cosmetics, personal care products, and pharmaceutical compositions.
US07750064B2	Photocatalytic apatite-containing resin An antibacterial measure using titanium oxide includes mixing titanium oxide in a resin to form a coating resin, and then coating a key surface with the coating resin. This method requires formation of a coating layer on a resin molding and thus increases the number of the production steps and cost. Furthermore, in the method, a coating film containing an antibacterial agent is scraped off light by little at each time of keying, and thus the film is finally completely removed to lose its antibacterial function. A conceivable measure against this includes directly mixing a resin and an antibacterial agent. However, titanium oxide used as an antibacterial agent degrades a raw material resin. It has recently be thought that photocatalytic apatite as a substitute for titanium oxide also causes chalking, and an antibacterial coating layer has been formed on a surface of a resin molding. However, the inventor of the present invention found that photocatalytic apatite does not cause chalking, thereby achieving a resin containing the photocatalytic apatite.
US07750062B2	Method of producing a polymeric material, polymer, monomeric compound and method of preparing a monomeric compound A method of producing a polymeric material including subjecting a starting material to conditions under which polymerisation occurs. The starting material includes a group of sub-formula (XIII) where R16 is selected from hydrogen, halo, nitro, hydrocarbyl, optionally substituted or interposed with functional groups, or R2 and R3 are independently selected from (CR6R7)n or a group CR8R9, CR6R7CR8R9 or CR8R9CR6R7 where n is 0, 1 or 2 and R6 and R7 are independently selected from hydrogen or alkyl, and either one of R8 or R9 is hydrogen and the other is an electron withdrawing group, or R8 or R9 together form an electron withdrawing group. R4 and R5 are independently selected from CH or CR1o where CR1o is an electron withdrawing group, X1 is a group CX2X3, Y1 is a group CY2Y3, and X2 X3, and, if present, Y2 and Y3, are each a C1 to C4 alkyl group.
US07750061B2	Ink for printing on a game ball An ink, method of inkjet printing the ink and game ball utilizing the ink are disclosed. The ink preferably comprises a diacrylate oligomer. The ink more preferably comprises an acrylate monomer in an amount ranging from 15 to 40 parts of a solid component of the ink, a diacrylate oligomer in an amount of 20 to 40 parts of a solid component of the ink, a pigment in an amount of 5 to 15 parts of a solid component, and a thinning agent.
US07750060B2	Radiation curable coating composition The invention relates to a radiation curable composition including a polyester urethane (meth)acrylate oligomer prepared from ortho-carboxylic polyester polyols, where the composition, after cure, has a secant modulus greater than about 600 MPa and an elongation at break of at least about 10%. The invention also relates to coated optical fibers and optical fiber ribbon including at least one coating derived from this composition, and to a process of making these coated optical fibers.
US07750056B1	Low-density, high r-value translucent nanocrystallites The inventions provide nanocrystallites and processes for the production of these nanocrystallites according to known silica-based sol-gel preparation principles based on hydrolysis/condensation mechanisms. The processes include a synthesis step comprising providing a homogenized colloidal dispersion of precursors, catalyst, and surfactant to form the sol matrix. The processes further include a novel drying step for a wet hydrogel intermediate product, including a short-cycle drying period during which the liquids present in this hydrogel can be evaporated at ambient pressure and low temperature ranges in any convenient drying apparatus while, inter alia, preserving the gel structure, especially gel porosity. Porosity values for the dried product up to about 98-99% can be attained, with product He densities as low as about 0.033 g/cc.Nanocrystallites produced by this process have, inter alia, excellent clarity, thermal insulation, acoustic insulation, surface scattering, and bulk modulus properties.
US07750055B2	Polyvinyl alcohol mixture gels Polyvinyl alcohol gels, particularly hydrogels, which are produced by methods and formulas and are provided with a characteristic profile that is adjustable to a large extent, e.g. outstanding mechanical properties with moduli of elasticity of 30 MPa and stiffnesses of 25 MPa at a breaking elongation of 550 percent, or full transparency in a wide range of water contents.
US07750054B2	Means for and methods of using a selected energy factor to apply a paper coating A continuous output system makes paper coating by combining an emulsifier with ASA (alkenyl succinic anhydride) particles having a mean average size in the low to sub-micron region. A turbine, pump, blender or other device exposes the ASA to a number of repeated episodes of high shear until the resulting ASA is in the form of particles having a mean average diameter in approximately the 1μ range. The measure of the amount of high shear is identified by an energy factor index. A system for cooling the ASA enables the processing without causing a hydrolyzing of the ASA, even when a heated cooked emulsion is used.
US07750049B2	O-substituted-dibenzyl urea-derivatives as TRPV1 receptor antagonists The invention relates to compounds of formula (I) in which R is selected from halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, aryl and heteroaryl; R1 is selected from 2-hydroxyethyl, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl, 3-hydroxypropyl, 2,2-dihydroxyethyl, 3,3-dihydroxypropyl, 1,3-dioxolane-ethyl, 1,3-dioxane-methyl, 1,3-dioxolane-methyl, 1,3-dioxane-ethyl, 3-fluoro-2-hydroxypropyl, 3-carboxy-2-hydroxy-propyl, 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl, 2-hydroxypropyl, 2-hydroxy-propen-2-yl, morpholinoethyl, piperazinoethyl, hydroxymethyl, benzyl, 4-(hydroxymethyl)benzyl, 4-chlorobenzyl, 4-fluorobenzyl, and 4-hydroxybenzyl. R2 is te/t-butyl or trifluoromethyl; R3 is independently selected from hydrogen, carboxy, cyano, alkyl or hydroxyalkyl, The compounds of formula (I) can be used for the preparation of pharmaceutical compositions for the therapy of inflammatory states, such as chronic neuropathic pain, over-active bladder syndrome, tumor pain, hemorrhoids, inflammatory hyperalgesia, post-intervention pain, dental extraction, airway and gastro-intestinal diseases.
US07750047B2	Modulators (inhibitors/activators) of histone acetyltransferases The invention provides the use of certain benzoic acid and benzamide compounds as modulators of enzymes histone acetyltransferases, which are involved in gene expression and cancer and also use of such compounds in the treatment of diseases due to defects in gene regulation predominantly cancer.
US07750045B2	Compounds, compositions and methods for preventing neurodegeneration in acute and chronic injuries in the central nervous system The present invention provides compositions and methods for prevention and prophylaxis of neurological diseases accompanied by neuronal death. The invention includes synthesis of 5-benzylamino salicylic acid (BAS) and its derivatives. BAS and its derivatives protect cortical neurons from toxic insults by N-methyl-D-aspartate, Zn2+, and reactive oxygen species. Thus, the present invention provides compositions and methods for treating stroke, traumatic brain and spinal cord injury, epilepsy, and neurodegenerative diseases that are accompanied by severe neuronal loss via excitotoxicity, Zn2+ neurotoxicity, and free radical neurotoxicity.
US07750041B2	Preparation for the prophylaxis of restenosis The invention relates to a preparation for restenosis prevention. The preparations for restenosis prevention known as yet do not reach sufficient active agent concentrations in the affected sections of the vascular walls as higher doses cause undesirable side effects. The present invention is a preparation to which at least one antihyperplastic agent is added that has a distribution ratio between butanol and water ≧0.5. The lipophilic active agent is absorbed by the vascular wall fast and in sufficient quantity. The preparation may be a liquid that can pass through capillaries and may contain a contrast agent so that the active agent is transferred into the vascular wall without any additional effort while the usually required contrast radiograms are taken. The preparation may also be applied to a catheter.
US07750038B2	Sulfonylated heterocycles useful for modulation of the progesterone receptor Compounds of the following structure are provided, wherein n, R1-R3 and R6-R9 are defined below, as are methods of preparing and using these compounds for contraception; treating or preventing fibroids, uterine leiomyomata, endometriosis, dysfunctional bleeding, polycystic ovary syndrome, and hormone-dependent carcinomas; providing hormone replacement therapy; stimulating food intake; synchronizing estrus; and treating cycle-related symptoms.
US07750032B2	Compounds and compositions as PPAR modulators The invention provides trisubstituted pyrazoles and imidazoles of Formula I: wherein L2, q, R13, R14, R15, R16, Z1 and Z2 are as described in the Summary of the Invention; and methods of using such compounds to treat or prevent diseases or disorders associated with the activity of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) families, particularly the activity of PPARδ.
US07750030B2	Acute pharmacologic augmentation of psychotherapy with enhancers of learning or conditioning Methods for treating an individual with a psychiatric order with a pharmacologic agent that enhances learning or conditioning in combination with a session of psychotherapy are provided. These methods of the invention encompass a variety of methods of psychotherapy, and psychodynamically oriented psychotherapy, and psychiatric orders including fear and anxiety disorders, addictive disorders, addictive disorders including substance-abuse disorders, and mood disorders. The pharmacologic agents used for the methods of the present invention are ones that generally enhance learning or conditioning, including those that increase the level of norepinephrine in the brain, those that increase the level of acetylcholine in the brain, and those that enhance N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor transmission in the brain.
US07750027B2	Compounds having CRTH2 antagonist activity Compounds of general formula (I) wherein W is chloro or fluoro; R1 is phenyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents, selected from halo, —CN, —C1-C6 alkyl, —SOR3, —SO2R3, —SO2N(R2)2, —N(R2)2, —NR2C(O)R3, —CO2R2, —CONR2R3, —NO2, —OR2, —SR2, —O(CH2)pOR2, or —O(CH2)pO(CH2)qOR2 wherein each R2 is independently hydrogen, —C1-C6 alkyl, —C3-C8 cycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl; each R3 is independently, —C1-C6 alkyl, —C3-C8 cycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl; p and q are each independently an integer from 1 to 3; and R4 is hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkyl substituted with aryl, aryl, (CH2)mOC(═O)C1-C6alkyl, ((CH2)mO)nCH2CH2X, (CH2)mN(R5)2 or CH((CH2)mO(C═O)R6)2; m is 1 or 2; n is 1-4; X is OR5 or N(R5)2; R5 is hydrogen or methyl; and R6 is C1-C18 alkyl; and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, hydrates, solvates, complexes or prodrugs are useful in orally administrable compositions for the treatment of allergic diseases such as asthma, allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis.
US07750026B2	Fused heteroaryl derivatives and their use as p38 kinase inhibitors Compounds of formula (I): are inhibitors of p38 kinase and are useful in the treatment of conditions or disease states mediated by p38 kinase activity or mediated by cytokines produced by the activity of p38.
US07750023B2	Quinuclidine derivatives and medicinal compositions containing the same The invention provides 3-(2-hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-(3-phenoxypropyl)-1-azoniabicyclo[2.2.2]octane in salt form, pharmaceutical compositions comprising it, and methods of using it for treatment of respiratory disorders, in association with β2 agonist.
US07750022B2	Quinuclidine derivatives and their pharmaceutical use This invention relates to novel quinuclidine derivatives and their use as pharmaceuticals. Due to their pharmacological profile the compounds of the invention may be useful for the treatment of diseases or disorders as diverse as those related to the cholinergic system of the central nervous system (CNS), the peripheral nervous system (PNS), diseases or disorders related to smooth muscle contraction, endocrine diseases or disorders, diseases or disorders related to neuro-degeneration, diseases or disorders related to inflammation, pain, and withdrawal symptoms caused by the termination of abuse of chemical substances.
US07750021B2	Immunosuppressant compounds and compositions The present invention relates to immunosuppressant, process for their production, their uses and pharmaceutical compositions containing them. The invention provides a novel class of compounds useful in the treatment or prevention of diseases or disorders mediated by lymphocyte interactions, particularly diseases associated with EDG receptor mediated signal transduction.
US07750016B2	Hydroxyalkyl substituted pyrido-7-pyrimidin-7-ones Compounds of the Formula: where X1, Ar1, R1, and R2 are as defined herein, and compositions comprising the same. Also provided are methods for using compounds of Formula I in treating p38 mediated disorders in a patient.
US07750015B2	Nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds and methods of use thereof The present invention provides compounds of Formula (I): and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, esters, and tautomers thereof, wherein: Q is selected from the group consisting of: L is selected from the group consisting of: pharmaceutically compositions comprising one or more compounds of formula (I), and methods of using the compounds of formula (I).
US07750013B2	N-oxides as prodrugs of piperazine and piperidine derivatives The present disclosure relates to N-oxides of certain piperazine and piperidine derivatives and to methods for the preparation of these compounds. The disclosure also relates to the use of the compounds for the manufacture of a medicament giving a beneficial effect. The disclosure also relates to the use of the compounds for the manufacture of a medicament for treating a disease or condition. The disclosure further relates to the treatment of CNS-disorders, in particular the treatment of anxiety disorders, including generalized anxiety disorder and panic disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, aggression, addiction (including craving), depression, autism, vertigo, schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders, Parkinson's disease and disturbances of cognition and memory. The compounds have the general formula (1) wherein the symbols have the meanings given in the specification.
US07750010B2	Tricyclic anilide spirohydantion CGRP receptor antagonists The present invention is directed to compounds of Formula I: I (where A1, A2, B1, B2, B3, B4, D1, D2, T, U, V, W, X, Y, Z, R4, R5a?, R5b, R5c, R6, m and n are defined herein) useful as antagonists of CGRP receptors and useful in the treatment or prevention of diseases in which the CGRP is involved, such as headache, migraine and cluster headache. The invention is also directed to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds and the use of these compounds and compositions in the prevention or treatment of such diseases in which CGRP is involved.
US07750009B2	Substituted pteridines for the treatment of inflammatory diseases The invention relates to new pteridines which are suitable for the treatment of respiratory or gastrointestinal complaints or diseases, inflammatory diseases of the joints, skin or eyes, diseases of the peripheral or central nervous system or cancers, as well as pharmaceutical compositions which contain these compounds.
US07750008B2	Compounds, methods and pharmaceutical compositions for inhibiting PARP The present invention provides compounds which inhibit poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (“PARP”), compositions containing these compounds and methods for using these PARP inhibitors to treat, prevent and/or ameliorate the effects of the conditions described herein.
US07750004B2	Apoptosis promoters Compounds which inhibit the activity of anti-apoptotic Mcl-1 protein, compositions containing the compounds and methods of treating diseases during which are expressed the Mcl-1 protein are disclosed.
US07750002B2	Pharmaceutical compounds Fused pyrimidines of formula (I): wherein R1-R3, A and n have any of the values described in the specification; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, have activity as inhibitors of PI3K and may thus be used to treat diseases and disorders arising from abnormal cell growth, function or behaviour associated with PI3 kinase such as cancer, immune disorders, cardiovascular disease, viral infection, inflammation, metabolism/endocrine disorders and neurological disorders. Processes for synthesizing the compounds are also described.
US07749996B2	Heterotricyclic metalloprotease inhibitors The present invention relates generally to azatriocyclic containing pharmaceutical agents, and in particular, to azatricyclic metalloprotease inhibiting compounds. More particularly, the present invention provides a new class of azatricyclic MMP-3, MMP-8 and/or MMP-13 inhibiting compounds, that exhibit an increased potency and selectivity in relation to currently known MMP-13, MMP-8 and MMP-3 inhibitors.
US07749994B2	Pentacyclic kinase inhibitors The invention provides novel kinase inhibitors that are useful as therapeutic agents for example in the treatment malignancies where the compounds have the general formula I wherein A, X, Y, Z, Ra, Rb, Rc, R1, R2, R3 and m are defined herein.
US07749993B2	Method for treating severe heart failure and medicament therefor A method for treating severe heart failure, comprising administering to a patient an effective amount of a benzazepine compound (1): wherein R1 is H or halogen, R2 is OH, or —NR5R6 (R5 and R6 are H or lower alkyl, R3 is H, halogen, lower alkyl, or lower alkoxy, R4 is halogen, lower alkyl or lower alkoxy, or a salt thereof, and a pharmaceutical composition containing the benzazepine compound (1) or a salt thereof and use of the compound (1) or a salt thereof for preparing a medicament for treatment of severe heart failure.
US07749986B2	Homogeneously formulating microdosed active principles A microdose of at least one active principle is homogeneously formulated as an ointment using a container with perforations having a size and shape that permit diffusion of the active principle(s) and petroleum jelly through the perforations, by: (a) weighing the at least one active principle in a container lined with a petroleum jelly; (b) encapsulating the active principle with additional petroleum jelly; (c) introducing the container with the active principle(s) and the petroleum jelly into a mixer, where the mixer contains at least one excipient in a heated liquid state; and (d) immersing the container within the at least one excipient in a heated liquid state, thereby melting the petroleum jelly, which causes diffusion of the active principal(s) and the melted petroleum jelly and microdoses the active principle(s) in the excipients.
US07749980B2	Non-nucleotide compositions and method for treating pain The present invention is directed to a method of treating pain. The method comprises administering to a subject a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective amount of a P2X receptor antagonist. The methods of the present invention are useful in reducing pain, such as traumatic pain, neuropathic pain, organ pain and/or pain associated with diseases. The P2X receptor antagonists useful for this invention are non-nucleotide compounds of general Formula I. Compounds of Formula I can be used alone to treat pain. Compounds of Formula I can also be used in conjunction with other therapeutic agents or adjunctive therapies commonly used to treat pain, thus enhancing the therapeutic effect of pain reduction.
US07749979B2	CpG DNA adjuvant in avian vaccines A CpG DNA adjuvant in avian vaccines is disclosed, which includes an immunostimulatory oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) having a sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2. The CpG DNA adjuvant in avian vaccines is advantageous to carry out large-scale production, specifically enhance avian innate and adaptive immune responses, and the CpG DNA adjuvant is hardly to be digested by DNase due to its particular structures.
US07749971B2	Aminoglycoside treatment for lysosomal storage diseases The present invention provides a method of treating lysosomal storage diseases such as Hurler syndrome and Batten disease in individuals in need of such treatment, comprising the step of administering to said individuals a therapeutically effective dose of an aminoglycoside. In addition, this method may further comprise treating the individual with enzyme replacement therapy. Furthermore, the present invention provides method of pharmacologically suppressing premature stop mutations in an individual with these lysosomal storage diseases, comprising the step of administering to said individual a pharmacologically effective dose of an aminoglycoside.
US07749968B2	Peptides for targeting the prostate specific membrane antigen The invention provides isolated PSMA binding peptides, as well as pharmaceutical compositions thereof. Also provided are diagnostic and therapeutic methods utilizing the PSMA binding peptides, as well as methods for identifying further PSMA binding peptides.
US07749967B2	Peptides of a melanoma antigen and their use in diagnostic, prophylactic, and therapeutic methods Immunogenic peptides of a melanoma antigen recognized by T cells, designated gp100, bioassays using the peptides to diagnose, assess or prognose a mammal afflicted with cancer, more specifically melanoma or metastatic melanoma, and use of the proteins and peptides as immunogens to inhibit, prevent or treat melanoma.
US07749966B2	Immunological modulation of insulin-like growth factor 1 for cancer prevention/treatment and prolonging longevity Provided is a simple and safe immunization procedure to reduce cancer incidence and increase longevity by modulating IGF-1 levels in the body. Described are cancer preventive vaccines and methods that elicit circulating antibodies specific to insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) in the body. Many cancers will be less likely to occur and spread in the absence or reduced levels of the stimulatory signals provided by IGF-1. Longevity also can be extended by immunologically lowering the level of bioavailable IGF-1 in adult animals. This prolongation of lifespan resulting from lower IGF-1 levels is produced independently of the inhibitory effects on carcinogenesis. However, the two IGF-1-mediated processes are linked mechanistically. Methods of active and passive immunization to suppress IGF-1 activity are included. Also described are methods for increasing longevity or reducing one or more symptoms of aging in a warm-blooded animal comprising administering anti-IGF-1 antibodies such that IGF-1 is inactivated or suppressed or administering IGF-1 antigen such that the animal produces endogenous antibodies to IGF-1.
US07749964B2	Methods and compositions for healing and repair of articular cartilage Methods and compositions are provided for the treatment of articular cartilage defects and disease involving the combination of tissue, such as osteochondral grafts, with active growth factor. The active growth factor is preferably a composition containing at least one bone morphogenetic protein and a suitable carrier. The method results in the regeneration and/or functional repair of articular cartilage tissue.
US07749962B2	Alpha 5 beta 1 and its ability to regulate the cell survival pathway The present invention provides for identification of agents that induce growth arrest and survival of cancer cells, which remain dormant in bone marrow, thus preventing their eradication through use of standard chemotherapy or radiation therapy. Basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2), a mammary differentiation factor abundant in the bone marrow stroma, induces growth arrest of relatively differentiated breast cancer cells and restricts their survival to fibronectin by upregulating integrin α5β 1. Most of the FGF-2-arrested cells fail to establish optimal ligation to fibronectin and undergo cell death. Cells that do attach to fibronectin, another major constituent of the bone marrow microenvironment, stay alive and growth-arrested for many weeks. Using function-blocking antibodies and peptides, a specific contribution of α5β1-fibronectin interaction in maintaining survival of growth-arrested cells was demonstrated. The present invention thus allows for methods, agents and pharmaceutical compositions that can be used to potentiate the activity of chemotherapy or radiation therapy.
US07749960B2	Osteoprotegerin in milk The present invention pertains to osteoprotegerin obtainable from milk sources, in particular human and bovine milk. The present invention also relates to the use thereof for preparing an ingestible preparation and/or a pharmaceutical composition, in particular to the use of such a preparation/composition for preventing or treating disorders associated with bone metabolism and immune function.
US07749957B2	Clay-binding peptides and methods of use Combinatorially generated peptides are provided that have binding affinity for clay. The peptides may be used to deliver benefit agents to various clay surfaces.
US07749956B2	Method of treatment using adiponectin variants A method of treating a mammal with an adiponectin mediated disorder comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of an adiponectin variant with at least a 3-fold increased solubility relative to residues 110-244 of human adiponectin.
US07749955B2	Separation of polypeptides comprising a racemized amino acid Method for purifying a racemized polypeptide by ion-exchange chromatography.
US07749949B2	Liquid detergent composition comprising an acrylic polymer/ propylene glycol ether of methyl glucose mixture A composition comprising a liquid portion comprising at least one surfactant and at least one material chosen from at least one suspending agent and at least one viscosity control agent, wherein the composition has an apparent viscosity under a shear stress of 0.5 Pa of at least about 1,000 Pa·s; and the composition has an apparent viscosity under a shear stress of 100 Pa of less than about 10 Pa·s. The composition is capable of suspending materials, but it still has desired rheological properties.
US07749948B2	Nitrogen-containing dispersant as an ashless TBN booster for lubricants Lubricant compositions comprising (a) an oil of lubricating viscosity; and (b) at least one non-metal-containing additive, comprising a nitrogen-containing dispersant having a total base number of at least about 90 are useful for lubricating an internal combustion engine. The lubricants have less than 1.0% sulfated ash and a total base number of at least about 8.5, and at least 30% of the total base number of the composition is provided by non-metal-containing additives. The lubricants exhibit a high TBN without deterioration of elastomeric seals.
US07749944B2	Viscoelastic surfactant fluid systems comprising an aromatic sulfonate and methods of using same Methods of improving shear recovery time of viscoelastic surfactant fluid systems are described, one method involving providing a viscoelastic surfactant fluid system comprising a major portion of a surfactant and a rheology enhancer in a concentration sufficient to shorten shear recovery time of the fluid system compared to shear recovery time of the fluid system absent the rheology enhancer, the rheology enhancer selected from aromatic sulfonates having a molecular weight of at least 500; and injecting the fluid system down a well. The rheology enhancer may be a lignosulfonate derived from wood pulping. Viscoelastic surfactant systems including the rheology enhancer are also described.
US07749939B2	MgB2 superconductor, its wire, and a manufacturing method thereof By adding an aromatic hydrocarbon such as benzene to the powder mixture of magnesium (Mg) or magnesium hydride (MgH2) and boron (B) as raw materials of a superconductor MgB2, high superconducting critical current density (Jc) is obtained.
US07749936B2	Supported amorphous Ni-B alloy catalyst, its preparation and use A supported amorphous alloy catalyst, which is supported on a macroporous carrier-expanded graphite. The catalyst contains a Ni—B amorphous alloy (5 to 50% by weight) and a transition inductive metal (0.1 to 10% by weight). The diameter of expanded graphite carrier particles is 80-800 μm. Its BET specific surface area is 10-100 m2/g. The catalyst is prepared by metal inductive electroless powder plating method which is easy to apply to industrial production. Ni—B clusters of prepared catalyst are well dispersed on the support. The catalyst shows high catalytic activity and good mechanical property, and is safe to use with low manufacturing costs.
US07749924B2	Thermoplastic roofing membranes A membrane comprising at least one polymeric layer including i) a plastomer, ii) a low density polyethylene, iii) a propylene-based polymer, and optionally iv) flame retardant.
US07749920B2	Low dielectric constant films and manufacturing method thereof, as well as electronic parts using the same While a fine porous diamond particle film has been known as a high heat resistant and low dielectric constant film and also has high mechanical strength and heat conductivity, and is expected as an insulating film for multi-layered wirings in semiconductor integrated circuit devices, it is insufficient in current-voltage characteristic and has not yet been put into practical use. According to the invention, by treating the fine porous diamond particle film with an aqueous solution of a salt of a metal such as barium and calcium, the carbonate or sulfate of which is insoluble or less soluble, and a hydrophobic agent such as hexamethyl disilazane or triethyl monochloro silane, as well as a reinforcing agent containing one of dichlorotetramethyl disiloxane or dimethoxytetramethyl disiloxane, thereby capable of putting the dielectric breakdown voltage and the leak current within a specified range of a practical standard.
US07749919B2	Semiconductor device and method for manufacturing the same A semiconductor device includes: a semiconductor substrate; a source region and a drain region formed at a distance from each other in the semiconductor substrate; a first insulating film formed on a portion of the semiconductor substrate, the portion being located between the source region and the drain region; a charge storage film formed on the first insulating film; a second insulating film formed above the charge storage film and made of a high-permittivity material; a control gate electrode formed above the second insulating film; and a silicon nitride layer including nitrogen atoms having three-coordinate nitrogen bonds, at least one of second-nearest neighbor atoms of the nitrogen atoms being a nitrogen atom. At least one of the charge storage film and the control gate electrode contains silicon, the silicon nitride layer is located between the second insulating film and the at least one of the charge storage film and the control gate electrode.
US07749918B2	Method and apparatus for processing semiconductor substrates Substrates in a reaction chamber are sequentially exposed to at least three gas atmospheres: a first atmosphere of a first purge gas, a second atmosphere of a process gas and a third atmosphere of a second purge gas. The gases are introduced into the reaction chamber from one end of the chamber and exit from the opposite end. Successive gases entering the chamber are selected so that a stable interface with the immediately preceding gas can be maintained. For example, when the gases are fed into the chamber at the chamber's top end and are exhausted at the bottom end, the gases are chosen with successively lower molecular weights. In effect, each gas atmosphere stays on top of and pushes the previous gas atmosphere out of the chamber from the top down. Advantageously, the gases can be more effectively and completely removed from the chamber.
US07749914B2	Plasma etching method The present invention is a plasma etching method including: an arranging step of arranging a pair of electrodes oppositely in a chamber and making one of the electrodes support a substrate to be processed in such a manner that the substrate is arranged between the electrodes, the substrate having an organic-material film; and an etching step of applying a high-frequency electric power to at least one of the electrodes to form a high-frequency electric field between the pair of the electrodes, supplying a process gas into the chamber to form a plasma of the process gas by means of the electric field, and plasma-etching the organic-material film of the substrate by means of the plasma partway in order to form a groove having a flat bottom. A frequency of the high-frequency electric power applied to the at least one of the electrodes is 50 to 150 MHz in the etching step.
US07749910B2	Method of reducing the surface roughness of a semiconductor wafer The invention provides a method for reducing the roughness of a free surface of a semiconductor wafer that includes removing material from the free surface of the wafer to provide a treated wafer, and performing a first rapid thermal annealing on the treated wafer in a pure argon atmosphere to substantially reduce the roughness of the free surface of the treated wafer. The material removal is selected and conducted to improve the effectiveness of the subsequent rapid thermal annealing in reducing the roughness of the free surface of the treated wafer.
US07749906B2	Using unstable nitrides to form semiconductor structures Incompatible materials, such as copper and nitrided barrier layers, may be adhered more effectively to one another. In one embodiment, a precursor of copper is deposited on the nitrided barrier. The precursor is then converted, through the application of energy, to copper which could not have been as effectively adhered to the barrier in the first place.
US07749904B2	Method of forming a dual damascene structure An improved method of forming an integrated circuit that includes a dual damascene interconnect is described. A contact via hole is formed in a dielectric layer disposed above a semiconductor substrate. A protective layer is disposed on top of the dielectric layer and in the contact via hole, and subsequently forming as a recessed plug in the via, followed by etching to form a trench to complete formation of a dual damascene opening.
US07749903B2	Gate patterning scheme with self aligned independent gate etch A method for self-aligned gate patterning is disclosed. Two masks are used to process adjacent semiconductor components, such as an nFET and pFET that are separated by a shallow trench isolation region. The mask materials are chosen to facilitate selective etching. The second mask is applied while the first mask is still present, thereby causing the second mask to self align to the first mask. This avoids the undesirable formation of a stringer over the shallow trench isolation region, thereby improving the yield of a semiconductor manufacturing operation.
US07749898B2	Silicide interconnect structure A method for forming an interconnect structure includes forming a dielectric layer above a first layer having a conductive region defined therein. An opening is defined in the dielectric layer to expose at least a portion of the conductive region. A metal silicide is formed in the opening to define the interconnect structure. A semiconductor device includes a first layer having a conductive region defined therein, a dielectric layer formed above the first layer, and a metal silicide interconnect structure extending through the dielectric layer to communicate with the conductive region.
US07749897B2	Method of manufacturing semiconductor device A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device comprising a wiring structure that includes a vertical wiring section is disclosed. The method comprises a step of forming an interlayer insulation film made of a low dielectric constant material on a wiring layer, a step of forming a silicon oxide film by CVD using SiH4 gas and CO2 gas on the interlayer insulation film, a step of forming a chemically amplified resist film to cover the silicon oxide film, and a step of forming a first opening in a position on the chemically amplified resist film where the vertical wiring section is to be formed.
US07749896B2	Semiconductor device and method for forming the same Semiconductor devices and methods for forming the same in which damages to a low-k dielectric layer therein can be reduced or even prevented are provided. A semiconductor device is provided, comprising a substrate. A dielectric layer with at least one conductive feature therein overlies the substrate. An insulating cap layer overlies the top surface of the low-k dielectric layer adjacent to the conductive feature, wherein the insulating cap layer comprises metal ions.
US07749895B2	Capacitor of semiconductor device and method for fabricating the same A method for fabricating a semiconductor device includes forming an interlayer insulating film over a semiconductor substrate. The interlayer insulating film is selectively etched to form a hole defining a storage node region. A lower electrode is formed in the hole. A support layer is formed over the lower electrode. The support layer fills an upper part of the hole and exposes the interlayer insulating film. A dip-out process is performed to remove the interlayer insulating film. The supporting layer is removed to expose the lower electrode. A dielectric film is formed over the semiconductor substrate including the lower electrode. A plate electrode is formed over the semiconductor substrate to fill the dielectric film and the lower electrode.
US07749891B2	Method and fabricating semiconductor device and semiconductor device A method for fabricating a semiconductor device includes the steps of: forming a plurality of lower interconnections at intervals in a first insulating film; removing a portion of the first insulating film located between the lower interconnections, thereby forming an interconnection-to-interconnection gap; forming a second insulating film over the first insulating film in which the lower interconnections and the interconnection-to-interconnection gap are formed such that an air gap is formed out of the interconnection-to-interconnection gap; and forming, in the second insulating film, a connection portion connected to one of the lower interconnections and an upper interconnection connected to the connection portion. The connection portion is formed to be connected to one of the lower interconnections not adjacent to the air gap.
US07749888B2	Semiconductor element and a producing method for the same, and a semiconductor device and a producing method for the same A columnar bump formed of copper etc. is formed on a wiring film of a semiconductor chip through an interconnected film and an adhesive film in a wafer unit by electrolytic plating in which package formation is possible. An oxidation prevention film is formed of such as gold on an upper surface or a part of the upper surface and side surface. A wet prevention film of such as an oxide film is formed on the columnar bump side as needed. If this bump is soldered to the pad on a packaging substrate, solder gets wet in the whole region of the columnar bump upper surface and only a part of the side surface. Stabilized and reliable junction form can be thus formed. Moreover, since the columnar bump does not fuse, the distance between a semiconductor board and a packaging board is not be narrowed by solder.
US07749886B2	Microelectronic assemblies having compliancy and methods therefor A method of making a microelectronic assembly includes providing a semiconductor wafer having contacts accessible at a first surface, forming compliant bumps over the first surface and depositing a sacrificial layer over the compliant bumps. The method includes grinding the sacrificial layer and the compliant bumps so as to planarize top surfaces of the compliant bumps, whereby the planarized top surfaces are accessible through said sacrificial layer. The sacrificial layer is removed to expose the compliant bumps and the contacts. A silicone layer is deposited over the compliant bumps and portions of the silicone layer are removed to expose the contacts accessible at the first surface of the semiconductor wafer. Conductive traces are formed having first ends electrically connected with the contacts and second ends overlying the compliant bumps and conductive elements are provided atop the second ends of the traces.
US07749883B2	Electroformed stencils for solar cell front side metallization A method for providing metallization upon a semiconductor substrate utilizing a stencil having at least one aperture extending from the contact side to the fill side, the contact side of the stencil being substantially flat and forming a sharp edge with a wall of the at least one aperture, the at least one aperture being tapered such that an area of a cross-section of the at least one aperture at the fill side is larger than an area of the cross-section of the at least one aperture at the contact side. A method of forming a stencil for depositing metallization lines on a semiconductor substrate is also disclosed.
US07749879B2	ALD of silicon films on germanium The use of atomic layer deposition (ALD) to form a semiconductor structure of a silicon film on a germanium substrate is disclosed. An embodiment includes a tantalum nitride gate electrode on a hafnium dioxide gate dielectric on the silicon film (TaN/HfO2/Si/Ge), which produces a reliable high dielectric constant (high k) electronic structure having higher charge carrier mobility as compared to silicon substrates. This structure may be useful in high performance electronic devices. The structure is formed by ALD deposition of a thin silicon layer on a germanium substrate surface, and then ALD forming a hafnium oxide gate dielectric layer, and a tantalum nitride gate electrode. Such a structure may be used as the gate of a MOSFET, or as a capacitor. The properties of the dielectric may be varied by replacing the hafnium oxide with another gate dielectric such as zirconium oxide (ZrO2), or titanium oxide (TiO2).
US07749873B2	Polycrystalline silicon layer, flat panel display using the same, and methods of fabricating the same A polycrystalline silicon layer, a flat panel display using the polycrystalline silicon layer, and methods of fabricating the same are provided. An amorphous silicon layer is formed on a substrate. A first pattern layer, a second pattern layer, and a metal catalyst layer are formed on the amorphous silicon layer. The first pattern layer and the second pattern layer are formed to define a region of at least 400 μm2 within which a metal catalyst of the metal catalyst layer is diffused into the amorphous silicon layer. A seed region is crystallized by the diffused metal catalyst. After a crystallization region is grown from the seed region, a semiconductor layer is formed on the crystallization region, so as to fabricate a thin film transistor with excellent characteristics. Using this, a flat panel display is fabricated.
US07749867B2	Method of cutting processed object A method of cutting an object which can accurately cut the object is provided. An object to be processed 1 such as a silicon wafer is irradiated with laser light L while a light-converging point P is positioned therewithin, so as to form a modified region 7 due to multiphoton absorption within the object 1, and cause the modified region 7 to form a starting point region for cutting 8 shifted from the center line CL of the thickness of the object 1 toward the front face 3 of the object 1 along a line along which the object should be cut. Subsequently, the object 1 is pressed from the rear face 21 side thereof. This can generate a fracture from the starting point region for cutting 8 acting as a start point, thereby accurately cutting the object 1 along the line along which the object should be cut.
US07749866B2	Method for sawing a wafer and method for manufacturing a semiconductor package by using a multiple-type tape A method for sawing a wafer includes the following steps. A wafer which has an active surface, a back surface and a plurality of longitudinal and transverse sawing lines is provided, wherein the sawing lines are located on the active surface so as to define a plurality of dies. A multiple-type tape is attached on the active surface of the wafer, wherein the multiple-type tape includes a first tape and a second tape, the second tape is located between the first tape and the active surface of the wafer, and the second tape is transparent. The back surface of the wafer is grinded. The first tape is removed. Finally, the wafer including the second tape is sawn along the sawing lines so as to separate the dies from one another.
US07749863B1	Thermal management substrates A method for fabricating a thermal management substrate comprises acts of ion-implanting a substrate material to form a substrate layer, a ion-implanted layer, and an overlay layer; bonding a handle wafer to the overlay layer with a SiO2 bonding layer; splitting the ion-implanted wafer at the ion-implanted layer, resulting in a handle wafer SiO2 bonded with the overlay layer; depositing an insulating layer onto the overlay layer; and removing the handle wafer, whereby the resulting thermal management substrate comprises an overlay layer epitaxially fused with the insulating layer.
US07749862B2	Methods for minimizing defects when transferring a semiconductor useful layer A method for minimizing defects when transferring a useful layer from a donor wafer to a receptor wafer is described. The method includes providing a donor wafer having a surface below which a zone of weakness is present to define a useful layer to be transferred, molecularly bonding at a bonding interface the surface of the useful layer of the donor wafer to a surface of the receptor wafer to form a structure, heating the structure at a first temperature that is substantially higher than ambient temperature for a first time period sufficient to liberate water molecules from the bonding interface, with the heating being insufficient to cause detachment of the useful layer at the zone of weakness, and detaching the useful layer from the donor wafer.
US07749856B2	Method of fabricating storage node with supported structure of stacked capacitor A method of fabricating a storage node with a supported structure is provided. A dielectric stacked comprising an etch stop layer, a first dielectric layer, a support layer and a second dielectric layer is formed on a substrate. An opening is etched into the dielectric stacked. A conductive layer is formed on the second dielectric layer and inside the opening. The conductive layer directly above the second dielectric layer is removed to form columnar node structure. The second dielectric layer is then removed. A spacer layer is deposited on the support layer and the columnar node structure. A tilt-angle implant is performed to implant dopants into the spacer layer. The undoped spacer layer is removed to form a hard mask. The support layer not covered by the hard mask is etched away to expose the first dielectric layer. The first dielectric layer and the hard mask are removed.
US07749853B2	Method of forming a variable resistance memory device comprising tin selenide A memory device, such as a PCRAM, including a chalcogenide glass backbone material with germanium telluride glass and methods of forming such a memory device.
US07749852B2	Methods of forming metal-insulator-metal (MIM) capacitors with passivation layers on dielectric layers Methods of forming a dielectric layer of a MIM capacitor can include forming a passivation layer on a dielectric layer of a MIM capacitor to separate the dielectric layer from direct contact with an overlying photo-resist pattern. Related capacitor structures are also disclosed.
US07749848B2	Band-engineered multi-gated non-volatile memory device with enhanced attributes Non-volatile memory devices and arrays are described that facilitate the use of band-gap engineered gate stacks with asymmetric tunnel barriers in floating gate memory cells in NOR or NAND memory architectures that allow for direct tunneling programming and erase with electrons and holes, while maintaining high charge blocking barriers and deep carrier trapping sites for good charge retention. The direct tunneling program and erase capability reduces damage to the gate stack and the crystal lattice from high energy carriers, reducing write fatigue and leakage issues and enhancing device lifespan. Memory cells of the present invention also allow multiple bit storage in a single memory cell, and allow for programming and erase with reduced voltages. A positive voltage erase process via hole tunneling is also provided.
US07749847B2	CMOS integration scheme employing a silicide electrode and a silicide-germanide alloy electrode A p-type field effect transistor (PFET) and an n-type field effect transistor (NFET) are formed by patterning of a gate dielectric layer, a thin silicon layer, and a silicon-germanium alloy layer. After formation of the source/drain regions and gate spacers, silicon germanium alloy portions are removed from gate stacks. A dielectric layer is formed and patterned to cover an NFET gate electrode, while exposing a thin silicon portion for a PFET. Germanium is selectively deposited on semiconductor surfaces including the exposed silicon portion. The dielectric layer is removed and a metal layer is deposited and reacted with underlying semiconductor material to form a metal silicide for a gate electrode of the NFET, while forming a metal silicide-germanide alloy for a gate electrode of the PFET.
US07749846B2	Method of forming contact structure and method of fabricating semiconductor device using the same A method of forming a contact structure includes forming an isolation region defining active regions in a semiconductor substrate. Gate patterns extending to the isolation region while crossing the active regions are formed. A sacrificial layer is formed on the semiconductor substrate having the gate patterns. Sacrificial patterns remaining on the active regions are formed by patterning the sacrificial layer. Molding patterns are formed on the isolation region. Contact holes exposing the active regions at both sides of the gate patterns are formed by etching the sacrificial patterns using the molding patterns and the gate patterns as an etching mask. Contact patterns respectively filling the contact holes are formed. The disclosed method of forming a contact structure may be used in fabricating a semiconductor device.

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