最新美国发明专利第2010-06-01期 - 专利汇|PatentHub专利检索|专利查询网|发明专利查询分析

Document	Document Title
US07728986B2	Systems and methods for digital detection of a tomographic signal Systems and methods for digital detection of an analog tomographic signal are described. The methods include receiving an amplitude-modulated analog signal containing tomographic information, the analog signal having a modulation frequency, fλi; and converting the analog signal into a digital signal at a sampling frequency, fs, to produce a number of samples, K. The digital signal is multiplied by an in-phase reference signal to obtain an in-phase signal component, the in-phase reference signal having the frequency, fλi; and the digital signal is multiplied by a quadrature reference signal to obtain a quadrature signal component, the quadrature reference signal having the frequency, fλi. The in-phase signal component and the quadrature signal component are passed through the K-point averaging filter. A signal amplitude is computed based on the filtered in-phase signal component and the filtered quadrature signal component, the signal amplitude being representative of the tomographic information.
US07728985B2	Polarization-sensitive common path optical coherence reflectometry/tomography device Polarization sensitive common path OCT/OCR devices are presented. Optical radiation from a source is converted into two cross-polarized replicas propagating therethrough with a predetermined optical path length difference. The two cross-polarized replicas are then delivered to an associated sample by a delivering device, which is, preferably, an optical fiber probe. A combination optical radiation is produced in at least one secondary interferometer by combining a corresponding portion of an optical radiation returning from the associated sample with a reference optical radiation reflected from a tip of an optical fiber of the optical fiber probe. Subject to a preset optical path length difference of the arms of the at least one secondary interferometer, a cross-polarized component, and/or a parallel-polarized component of the combined optical radiation, are selected. The topology of the devices allows for time domain, as well as for frequency domain registration.
US07728984B2	Method for evaluating a measured parameter For evaluation of a measured parameter with a measuring cell having a cavity which generates for light an optical path length difference changing corresponding to the variation of the measured parameter, the method includes: introducing light from a white light source with the aid of an optical waveguide via a coupler (3) disposed in the path of the optical waveguide into the cavity, coupling out at least a portion of the light reflected back into the optical waveguide from the cavity with the aid of the coupler and conducting this reflected light to an optical spectrometer, determining the optical spectrum of the reflected light in the spectrometer and generating a spectrometer signal, conducting the spectrometer signal to a computing unit, wherein the spectrometer signal is directly converted through the computing unit to an interferogram and from its intensity progression the location of the particular extremal amplitude value is determined and this particular location represents directly the particular value of the optical path length difference in the cavity, which comprises the measured parameter.
US07728980B2	Optical unit An optical unit includes a light source unit emitting parallel light; a light-receiving element array; and a prism rendering emitted light from the light source unit incident on a specimen placement section and introducing totally reflected light from the specimen placement section into the light-receiving element array. The prism has an entrance surface rendering the parallel light emitted from the light source unit incident on the prism, a curved reflecting surface which reflects light passing through the entrance surface and incident on the prism toward a focal position thereof, the specimen placement section of a planar shape provided at a position including the focal position of the curved reflecting surface, and an exit surface making light totally reflected at the focal position of the curved reflecting surface in the specimen placement section emerge into the outside of the prism.
US07728977B2	Optical gas detection The present invention provides a transmitter unit for an open path gas detector for detecting a target gas and comprises: a radiation transmitter, e.g. a tuneable laser diode, capable of emitting radiation at a wavelength absorbed by the target gas, and a radiation deflector, having a deflecting part and a non-deflecting part, e.g. a mirror having a non-reflective part. The deflecting part and the non-deflecting part are located in the path of the radiation emitted by the transmitter and the non-deflecting part does not deflect the said radiation emitted by the transmitter or does so to a different extent than the deflecting part. In this way, the beam has a core in shadow that can be used to align the beam with a receiver unit. The radiation deflector is preferably a mirror having a reflective surface for reflecting radiation emitted by the transmitter and a non-reflective part that does not reflect the said radiation emitted by the transmitter or does so to a lesser extent that the reflecting surface. The non-reflective part is preferably transparent so that it allows radiation to pass through it, which can be used to measure the wavelength of the transmitter and, if necessary correct it.
US07728975B1	Method for describing, evaluating and improving optical polarization properties of a microlithographic projection exposure apparatus In a method for describing, evaluating and improving optical polarization properties of a projection objective of a microlithographic projection exposure apparatus, the Jones or Stokes vectors are firstly determined at one or more points in the exit pupil of the projection objective. These are then described at least approximately as a linear superposition of predetermined vector modes with scalar superposition coefficients. The optical polarization properties can subsequently be evaluated on the basis of the superposition coefficients.
US07728971B2	Method and apparatus for performing spectroscopy downhole within a wellbore An analysis system, tool, and method for performing downhole fluid analysis, such as within a wellbore. The analysis system, tool, and method provide for a tool including a spectroscope for use in downhole fluid analysis which utilizes an adaptive optical element such as a Micro Mirror Array (MMA) and two distinct light channels and detectors to provide real-time scaling or normalization.
US07728961B2	Surface height and focus sensor A surface height and focus sensing system is provided. In one embodiment, an illumination focus sensor is used in combination with a collimation adjustment element which drives the system such that an illumination focus height matches the workpiece surface height, which produces a null output from the illumination focus sensor. Under the null condition, the amount of collimation adjustment is directly related to the workpiece surface height, and the resulting height determination is relatively insensitive to the workpiece surface optical properties. In one embodiment, the amount of collimation adjustment is determined according to the control signal for the collimation adjustment element. In another embodiment, a collimation adjustment sensor is utilized to measure the amount of collimation adjustment.
US07728960B2	Machine aided combination of an NIR material concentration measurement with a temperature profile measurement based on fiber Bragg gratings in optical fibers The invention relates to a spectroscopic arrangement and a method for combining devices for measuring material concentrations NIR associated with a spectroscopic evaluation of glass fiber and fitted with fibers Bragg gratings (FBG) for measuring temperature profiles.
US07728955B2	Lithographic apparatus, radiation supply and device manufacturing method A system for controlling the radiation dose in a pulse of radiation having a relatively large dose, in which a pulsed beam of radiation is divided into a plurality of pulsed sub-beams of radiation and the radiation dose of the pulses is adjusted after the radiation beam has been divided.
US07728954B2	Reflective loop system producing incoherent radiation A system and method are used to form incoherent beams from a coherent beam. A system comprises a source of radiation and a reflective loop system. The source of radiation produces a coherent or partially coherent beam. The reflective loop system received the partially coherent beam and reflects the partially coherent beam through a loop, or alternatively through non-overlapping loops, to form an incoherent beam.
US07728944B2	Transflective liquid crystal display A transflective LCD includes scan lines and data lines disposed on a substrate. The scan line and the data line forms a plurality of pixel regions. Each pixel region has a plurality of sub-pixel regions. At least three of the sub-pixel regions are as a color sub-pixel region and at least one of the sub-pixel regions is a fourth sub-pixel region. A plurality of switch devices is adapted to control the color sub-pixels and the fourth sub-pixel.
US07728939B2	Multi-domain liquid crystal display A multi-domain liquid crystal display includes a plurality of first and second picture elements having polarities opposite to each other under the same frame of an inversion drive scheme. Each first picture element has an extension part positioned next to at least one side of the adjacent second picture element, and each second picture element has an extension part positioned next to at least one side of the adjacent first picture element.
US07728932B2	Liquid crystal display device with particular phase plates having specific axis angles The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device. An optical film having negative uniaxial double refractive index ellipsoids is arranged below a semi-transmitting liquid crystal display cell and, thereafter, a λ/4 phase difference plate, a λ/2 phase difference plate and a polarizer are arranged. The orientation axis direction of the optical film having negative uniaxial double refractive index ellipsoids is substantially equal to the direction which is rotated by 90° in the clockwise direction from a resultant vector of the orientation axis direction of the upper orientation film and the orientation axis direction of the lower orientation film of the liquid crystal display cell. Further, phase lagging axis of the upper and lower λ/4 phase difference plate is set substantially equal to the orientation axis direction of the optical film having negative uniaxial double refractive index ellipsoids.
US07728923B2	Backlight unit and display device having the same A backlight unit and method of use are provided having a first light guide plate, a linear light source disposed along at least one side edge of the first light guide plate, a plurality of second light guide plates facing the first light guide plate, and a point light source disposed along at least one side edge of each second light guide plate. Accordingly, the present invention can provide a backlight unit using both a point light source and a linear light source at substantially the same time, and having superior color reproducibility and low power consumption.
US07728922B2	Liquid crystal display device The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device in which increase in manufacturing costs is minimized and the utilization rate of illumination light emitted by a backlight source is also improved.A pixel electrode is formed at the intersection of each signal line and each gate line on the liquid-crystal-layer side of a first transparent substrate. A color filter is provided for each pixel electrode on the liquid-crystal-layer side of a second transparent substrate. A dichroic half mirror is provided for each of the color filters.
US07728916B2	Liquid crystal display device having bent source electrode and bent drain electrode A liquid crystal display device includes a liquid crystal display panel. A drive circuit part is formed in the display panel. The drive circuit has a switching device with thin film transistors. The transistors commonly use one gate electrode and are connected in parallel. The switching device includes a gate electrode, a gate insulating film covering the gate electrode, a semiconductor pattern which overlaps the gate electrode with the gate insulating film therebetween, and source and drain electrodes which are formed on the semiconductor pattern and face each other. The source and drain electrodes, as well as a channel between the source and drain electrodes, are bent in the same direction.
US07728913B2	Electro-optical device and electronic apparatus An electro-optical device comprising an image signal line that supplies an image signal to a sampling circuit, the image signal line extending from an image signal terminal, bypassing a data line driving circuit, and reaching the sampling circuit. The image signal line has a first straight line portion extending in one direction, a second straight line portion extending in another direction, and an intermediate wiring portion connecting the first straight line portion and the second straight line portion. An angle of a corner formed between the first straight line portion, the second straight line portion, and the intermediate wiring portion is an obtuse angle. The intermediate wiring portion is wired to pass around a vertical conduction terminal. Detailed information on various example embodiments of the inventions are provided in the Description of Exemplary Embodiments below, and the inventions are defined by the appended claims.
US07728912B2	Display system A display system has a device for projecting a light beam and a display. The light beam includes encoded data. The display includes light sources selectively activated according to the encoded data received from the device.
US07728911B2	Positively indicating to user whether signal has been detected on each video input A method detects whether a signal is present on each of a plurality of video inputs. The method positively indicates to a user whether a signal has been detected on each of the plurality of video inputs.
US07728909B2	Method and system for estimating motion and compensating for perceived motion blur in digital video A method for compensating for perceived blur due to motion between a current frame and a previous frame of a digital video sequence comprises estimating a motion vector between the frames for each of a plurality of pixel blocks in the current and previous frames. A cluster motion vector is then estimated for each of a plurality of clusters of the motion vectors based on one of vectors in each cluster and motion vectors in proximate clusters. The cluster motion vector of its corresponding cluster is allocated to each pixel in the current frame. An initial guess frame is generated based on the current frame and pixels in the guess frame are blurred as a function of their respective allocated cluster motion vectors. Each blurred pixel is compared with a respective pixel in the current frame to generate an error pixel for each respective pixel. Each error pixel is blurred and weighted and then each error pixel and its respective pixel is combined in the initial guess frame thereby to update the guess frame and compensate for blur. A system and computer program for perceived blur compensation is also provided.
US07728905B2	Image capturing apparatus having an image capturing system disposed close to an illumination system This invention relates to an image capturing apparatus for illuminating and capturing an image of an object using reflected light therefrom, and is objective to a miniaturized construction and simplified assembly. A plurality of light-emitting devices is mounted around an image sensor, and a light guide member guides the light of the light-emitting devices to an image capturing region for illumination. The image capturing apparatus having the closely disposed image capturing system and illumination system, the miniaturized image capturing apparatus is assembled by pressing a projection of the light guide member to the lower end of the hood for cutting outside lights from the image capturing range and by pressing the upper end of the hood to the filter. Thus, it becomes possible to assemble with less adhesion points and improve working ability of assemble of the image capturing apparatus to make defect ratios of productions low and improve production efficiency.
US07728903B2	Focus adjustment device, focus adjustment method and camera A focus adjustment device includes: a first focus detection unit that detects a focus adjustment state for a subject image in a first focusing area; a second focus detection unit that detects a focus adjustment state in a second focusing area through a method different from a method adopted by the first focus detection unit; a judgment unit that makes a judgment as to whether or not the first focusing area and the second focusing area have a specific positional relationship; and a focus adjustment unit that executes focus adjustment based upon focus detection results obtained via the first focus detection unit and focus detection results obtained via the second focus detection unit when the judgment unit decides that the first focusing area and the second focusing area have the specific positional relationship.
US07728902B2	Imaging device and biometrics authentication apparatus An imaging device includes a photoreceptor portion including a plurality of photoreceptors arranged in an array, a microlens array including a plurality of microlenses, and a light shielding layer placed between the photoreceptor portion and the microlens array. The light shielding layer has apertures located corresponding to the plurality of photoreceptors. An optical relationship of an actual length d1 of an aperture width of the apertures on a side of the photoreceptors, an actual length p of a distance between adjacent microlenses, an equivalent air length t0 of a distance between vein and a top of the microlenses, and an equivalent air length t1 of a thickness between the top of the microlenses and an aperture position of the apertures on the side of the photoreceptors satisfies: 1.36 × t ⁢ ⁢ 1 p ≤ d ⁢ ⁢ 1 ≤ 2.4 × t ⁢ ⁢ 1 p + p × t ⁢ ⁢ 1 t ⁢ ⁢ 0 .
US07728901B2	Solid-state imaging device using light-transmitting film as a micro lens The present invention provides a solid-state imaging device which compensates a field curvature which occurs due to an aberration of the optical imaging system and surely receive light incident with a wide angle. Each pixel (pixel size of 2.2 μm square) in a solid-state imaging device includes a light-transmitting film with the first effective refractive index distribution and a light-transmitting film with the second effective refractive index distribution, a light-receiving element, a wiring, a wavelength selection filter, and a Si substrate. A pixel (1) is a pixel placed an approximate center of the solid-state imaging device. A pixel (n) is a pixel placed in the periphery of the solid-state imaging device, and a pixel (n-x) is a pixel that are placed between the pixel (1) and the pixel (n). The light-transmitting film of each pixel has approximately same effective refractive index distribution. Θ0 which is a main light angle on the light-receiving element side, is approximately same. A main light angle in the optical imaging system is represented as Θ1, Θn-x, and Θn. The light-transmitting film varies for each pixel so that a condition Θ0/Θ1>Θ0/Θn-x<Θ0/Θn.
US07728894B2	High-speed CMOS image sensor A CMOS image sensor having two ASPs can reduce increasing design difficulty as arising from a pixel array becoming larger and larger. The image sensor includes a selection circuit for transmitting outputs of CDS circuits through four divided buses to reduce parasitic loading and achieve high-speed operation. Then, the selecting circuit transmits red and blue pixels to a first ASP, and transmits green pixels to a second ASP, so as to relax the specification requirements of the ASP.
US07728892B2	Image sensor with a capacitive storage node linked to transfer gate A CMOS imaging system with increased charge storage capacitance of pixels yet decreased physical size, kTC noise and active area. A capacitor is linked to the transfer gate and provides a storage node for a pixel, allowing for kTC noise reduction prior to readout. The pixel may be operated with the shutter gate on during the integration period to increase the amount of time for charge storage by a pixel.
US07728891B2	Image sensor An image sensor includes a plurality of operation circuits. The operation circuit operates pixel signals read out from a group of pixels included in a readout area to generate a pixel signal in the thinning readout mode. A plurality of column selecting switches are arranged between the output terminals of the plurality of operation circuits and a plurality of output channels. A control circuit controls the plurality of column selecting switches such that pixel signals the number of which is equal to the number of the plurality of output channels are output to the plurality of output channels in parallel in the thinning readout mode. The circuit arrangements, each included in the corresponding one of the plurality of operation circuits and each viewed from the corresponding one of the column selecting switches used in the thinning readout mode, are equivalent to each other.
US07728889B2	Method of driving a photosensitive device The present invention relates to a method of driving a photosensitive device comprising a matrix of photosensitive pixels distributed at the intersections of rows and columns of the matrix. The invention relates more particularly to the control of such devices used for the detection of radiological images. The method consists in subjecting the matrix to an image cycle that includes a reset phase prior to an image acquisition phase. The rows of the matrix are distributed in several groups, and during the reset phase, the method consists in resetting all the rows in any one group simultaneously and in resetting each group of rows in succession.
US07728887B2	Image processing device and method Image data of a digital signal is inputted to a digital signal processor. A CPU reads out color correction coefficients from a ROM. Weights are added to the color correction coefficients based on information regarding transfer efficiency of a CCD image sensor such that the coefficients in a horizontal direction are set larger than those in a vertical direction. Further, an interpolation processor calculates horizontal and vertical components of R, G, and B colors of each pixel through color interpolation processing based on image data of each pixel and its peripheral pixels. A linear matrix circuit is controlled by the CPU and subjects the horizontal and vertical components to linear matrix operation using the color correction coefficients, thus subjecting each pixel data to color correction processing.
US07728884B2	Method for white balance adjustment and digital image capturing device using the same The present invention provides a white balance adjustment method and a digital image capturing device using the same. The method according to the present invention comprises the following steps: capturing an image; partitioning the image into one or more blocks; obtaining a first brightness value of each block; obtaining a second brightness value, a R value, a G value and a B value of each block; determining whether each block is a gray block according to the difference value between the first brightness and the second brightness values, the R value, the G value and the B value; and determining whether to proceed with a first white balance procedure or a second white balance procedure according to the quantity of the gray block(s).
US07728882B2	Green reconstruction for image sensors The present invention relates to interpolating a missing color value of a given pixel in an array of pixels. The missing color value is determined from color values of neighboring pixels using a median-based technique in which the median is taken of the four pixels values of the horizontally and vertically neighboring pixels (G1-G4) having a same color as the missing color value, and color information from at least one other color (R/B) at the given pixel.
US07728880B2	Automatic white balance method and apparatus Automatic white balance of captured images can be performed based on a gray world assumption. Initially, a flat field gray image is captured for one or more reference illuminations. The statistics of the captured gray image are determined and stored for each reference illumination during a calibration process. For each subsequent captured image, the image is filtered to determine a subset of gray pixels. The gray pixels are further divided into a one or more gray clusters. The average weight of the one or more gray clusters is determined and a distance from the average weights to the reference illuminants is determined. An estimate of the illuminant is determined depending on the distances. White balance gains are applied to the image based on the estimated illuminant.
US07728875B2	Image processing apparatus and operation condition setting method thereof An external I/F gives numerical information on an imaging device, input from PC or PLC, to a memory. The memory outputs the numerical information to CPU as well as retaining the numerical information. CPU transmits the numerical information through a camera to an operation control unit. The operation control unit performs correction using a correction value from a correction table. In order to correct a variation individually possessed by a lens unit or an illumination unit, the correction table is previously produced for each lens unit or illumination unit based on the numerical information from the camera. The post-correction control signals are output to a lens unit 62 and an illumination unit.
US07728870B2	Advanced quality management and recording solutions for walk-in environments A system and method for capturing, logging and retrieval of face-to-face interactions characterizing walk-in environments. The system comprising a device for capturing and storing one or more face to face interactions captured in the presence of the parties to the interaction, and a database for storing data and metadata information associated with the face-to-face interactions captured.
US07728866B2	Video telephony image processing Herein described is a system and method for modifying facial video transmitted from a first videophone to a second videophone during a videophone conversation. A videophone comprises a videophone image processing system (VIPS) that stores one or more preferred images. The one or more preferred images may comprise an image of a person presented in an attractive appearance. The one or more preferred images may comprise one or more avatars. Additionally, the VIPS may be used to incorporate one or more facial features of the person into a preferred image or avatar. Furthermore, a replacement background may be incorporated into the preferred image or avatar. The VIPS transmits a preferred image of a first speaker of a first videophone to a second speaker of a second videophone by capturing an actual image of the first speaker and substituting at least a portion of said actual image with a stored image.
US07728863B2	Optical scanning device and image forming apparatus An optical scanning device has a light source, a unit configured to deflect a light beam from the light source; and a system including at least two scanning lenses and configured to guide the light beam deflected to a surface to be scanned. One of the scanning lenses closest to the deflecting unit has a positive refractive power in a main scanning direction and zero or approximately zero refractive power in a sub scanning direction, and another one of the scanning lenses closest to the surface has a negative refractive power in the main scanning direction, a positive refractive power in the sub scanning direction, and an incidence surface in the sub-scanning direction which is convex toward the deflecting unit.
US07728860B2	Method for image processing and image processing apparatus It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for image processing and an image processing apparatus which are capable of performing repetitive forming and erasing of high-contrast images at high speeds by forming high-density, uniform images and uniformly erasing images in a short period of time, and in addition, suppressing the degradation of the thermoreversible recording medium due to repetitive forming and erasing is possible. The method for image processing of the present invention contains at least any one of image forming step wherein an image is formed on a thermoreversible recording medium in which any one of transparency and color tone is changed reversibly depending on temperatures by heating due to laser beam irradiation, and image erasing step wherein an image formed on the thermoreversible recording medium is erased by heating due to laser beam irradiation to the thermoreversible recording medium, and a light irradiation intensity of the center is equal to or less than the light irradiation intensity of the periphery in the light intensity distribution of cross-section in a direction approximately perpendicular to the traveling direction of the laser beam irradiated at least in any one of the image forming step and the image erasing step.
US07728859B2	Optical printhead An optical printhead for a medium including material that forms an optically visible spot in response to energy of a predetermined wavelength, the optical printhead includes a laser configured to impart energy of the predetermined wavelength to the material through a fixed-focus lens arrangement.
US07728855B2	Liquid crystal display apparatus On both sides of a resin-made frame, a metallic edge frame member that sandwiches a liquid crystal panel into the frame and a metallic backboard member equipped with a circuit board are disposed, and these are screw-fitted to the frame. On both sides sandwiching identical points of the flange of the frame, first projection pieces on the edge frame member side and second projection pieces on the backboard member 8 side are disposed, these respective projection pieces are fastened by screws made of headed screws, and by these respective projection pieces and and screws, earth conductive path that make the edge frame member electrically conduct to the backboard member are formed.
US07728852B2	Image processing method and image processing apparatus A virtual object and stylus model as images to be composited to a real space image are rendered by changing background transparencies according to a mutual positional relationship. When the virtual object image is composited to the real space image, the image of the stylus included in the real space image is observed while reflecting the positional relationship with the virtual object. In this way, in an MR image, the depth ordering between real and virtual objects can be correctly and easily expressed.
US07728851B2	Reproducing apparatus capable of reproducing picture data A reproducing apparatus includes a graphics processing unit that outputs graphics data of an RGB color space, a video decoder that outputs video data of a YUV color space, a conversion unit that converts a color space of the graphics data from the RGB color space to the YUV color space, a blending process unit that executes a blending process in which the graphics data that is converted to the YUV color space and the video data of the YUV color space are blended on the YUV color space, and a picture data output unit that outputs picture data, which is obtained by the blending process, to a display apparatus.
US07728848B2	Tools for 3D mesh and texture manipulation Improvement of the performance, usability, and functionality of software for editing three dimensional computer models and textures is described. Editing operations are performed on the model in an ordered list to reduce the amount of memory required to maintain previous versions, and certain editing operations are precalculated to reduce the amount of real time calculation required. Improvements to usability and functionality are provided by more precisely selecting portions of a model for editing, allowing textures to be moved more easily on the model, and allowing better blending of the appearance of adjacent textures.
US07728845B2	Color calibration of color image rendering devices Color calibration of color image rendering devices, such as large color displays, which operate by either projection or emission of images, utilize internal color measurement instrument or external color measurement modules locatable on a wall or speaker. A dual use camera is provided for a portable or laptop computer, or a cellular phone, handset, personal digital assistant or other handheld device with a digital camera, in which one of the camera or a display is movable with respect to the other to enable the camera in a first mode to capture images of the display for enabling calibration of the display, and in a second mode for capturing image other than of the display. The displays may represent rendering devices for enabling virtual proofing in a network, or may be part of stand-alone systems and apparatuses for color calibration. Improved calibration is also provided for sensing and correcting for non-uniformities of rendering devices, such as color displays, printer, presses, or other color image rendering device.
US07728840B2	Sliding data buffering for image processing A method for managing image processing data buffers for processes having overlap input data between iterations includes loading a data buffer with an initial input data array and performing an image data array operation on the input data array. The method repeats the following steps for plural iterations including loading the data buffer with new input data forming a new input data array for a next iteration and performing the input data array operation on the new input data array. The overlap data consists of pixels at an end of each scan line. Loading new input data includes loading pixels following the overlap data for each scan line.
US07728836B2	Systems and methods for displaying time dependent information A method for displaying time dependent information includes displaying a time axis, wherein periods of time are displayed equidistantly on the time axis regardless of an actual time period being represented and providing a user interface allowing a user to scroll along the time axis.
US07728830B2	Method and apparatus for controlling nano-scale particulate circuitry Method and system for controlling nano-scale circuitry. Specifically, the present approach employs inverse GPS-like and multihop methodologies to provide individualized control of nano-scale particulate circuitry.
US07728823B2	System and method for processing raw data of track pad device An input device and system are described that acquires (measures) raw track pad sensor data and transmits this data to a host computer where it is analyzed by an application executing on one or more host computer central processing units. The resulting input processing architecture provides a track pad input device that is both lower in cost to manufacture and more flexible than prior art track pad input devices. Lower costs may be realized by eliminating the prior art's dedicated track pad hardware for processing sensor data (e.g., a processor and associated firmware memory). Increased flexibility may be realized by providing feature set functionality via software that executes on the host computer. In this architecture, track pad functionality may be modified, updated, and enhanced through software upgrade procedures.
US07728820B2	Haptic feedback for touchpads and other touch controls A haptic feedback planar touch control used to provide input to a computer. A touch input device includes a planar touch surface that inputs a position signal to a processor of the computer based on a location of user contact on the touch surface. The computer can position a cursor in a displayed graphical environment based at least in part on the position signal, or perform a different function. At least one actuator is also coupled to the touch input device and outputs a force to provide a haptic sensation to the user contacting the touch surface. The touch input device can be a touchpad separate from the computer's display screen, or can be a touch screen. Output haptic sensations on the touch input device can include pulses, vibrations, and spatial textures. The touch input device can include multiple different regions to control different computer functions.
US07728817B2	Optical navigation system with multiplexed image processing An optical navigation system having two or more optical pipelines for image acquisition and a single multiplexed optical array. Each of the two or more optical pipelines for image acquisition may include an illuminator that emits optical radiation at a navigation surface where each navigation surface is separate from the other navigation surfaces. The single multiplexed optical array may be configured to receive optical radiation reflected from the respective navigation surfaces. The optical navigation system may further include illuminator drivers that control each of the optical pipelines for image acquisition and an optical sensor that is configured to multiplex the images recovered by the optical pipelines for image acquisition and perform image correlation for the different navigation surfaces.
US07728815B2	Multi-direction input device A multi-direction input device for computers includes a direction wheel, a toggle mechanism and a plurality of electrodes. The direction wheel has one-degree of rotational freedom and two-degree of freedom to perform clicking, forward rolling, backward rolling, leftward moving and rightward moving operations. Thereby mating electrodes are electrically connected to generate corresponding signals. In normal conditions, the toggle mechanism and a movable contact jointly support the direction wheel. When the direction wheel is depressed, the toggle mechanism drives and connects a corresponding electrode to generate a click signal.
US07728812B2	Portable electronic device, display method, program, and graphical user interface thereof The present invention provides a portable electronic device including an operator block, a display block, detection means, and control means. The operation block has a plurality of operation buttons arranged in matrix. The display block, arranged in the vicinity of the operator block, is capable of displaying a screen divided into a plurality of areas corresponding to the arrangement of the plurality of operation buttons, displaying a cursor for selecting each the areas, and entering the selection by operation of each of the operation buttons. The detection means detects whether any one of the plurality of operation buttons has been operated. The control means positions the cursor to the area corresponding to the detected operation button and displays the cursor on the display block.
US07728811B2	Adhesive backed displays A process for creating an electronically addressable display includes multiple printing operations, similar to a multi-color process in conventional screen printing. In some of the process steps, electrically non-active inks are printed onto areas of the receiving substrate, and in other steps, electrically active inks are printed onto different areas of the substrate. The printed display can be used in a variety of applications. This display can be used as an indicator by changing state of the display after a certain time has elapsed, or when a certain pressure, thermal, radiative, moisture, acoustic, inclination, pH, or other threshold is passed. In one embodiment, the display is incorporated into a battery indicator. A sticker display is described. The sticker is adhesive backed and may then be applied to a surface to create a functional information display unit. This invention also features a display that is both powered and controlled using radio frequencies. It describes a complete system for controlling, addressing, and powering a display. The system includes an antenna or antennae, passive charging circuitry, and active control system, a display, and an energy storage unit. There is also a separate transmitter that provides the remote power for the display. The system is meant to be used anywhere it is useful to provide intermittent updates of information such as in a store, on a highway, or in an airport. A tile-based display allowing a modular system for large area display is created using a printable display material.
US07728809B2	Method, apparatus and computer program product for controlling LED backlights and for improved pulse width modulation resolution A method for driving an LED backlight device using pulse width modulation with an additional timer to manage the power consumption, thermal output, and lighting level of the device with improved resolution. The method includes receiving a commanded brightness level, and using an n bit pulse width modulator that has a nominal time period (Pn) to assert a plurality of pulses in accordance with an output of the n bit pulse modulator. A modulator output value is assigned to each one of K states of a K state timer that has a timer period (PT). The plurality of pulses is output according to the modulator output value during each nominal time period occurring within the timer period. Power to the display is supplied in accordance with the plurality of pulses.
US07728807B2	Reference voltage generator for use in display applications Techniques are provided for producing two output voltages that are substantially symmetric about a middle voltage (VCOM), based on a digital data value stored in a register. A first output voltage is produced based on the digital data value stored in the register. Additionally, the digital data value stored in the register is converted (e.g., by determining its 2's compliment) to a second digital data value, which is used to produce a second output voltage that is substantially symmetric about VCOM with the first output voltage. Alternatively, the digital data value stored in the register is provided to two different DACs that have their pair of reference voltages swapped (where the reference voltages are symmetric about VCOM), which will result in the outputs of the DACs being substantially symmetric about VCOM.
US07728806B2	Demultiplexing device and display device using the same In a display device, a demultiplexer is used to transmit a data current to a data line. The demultiplexer includes a plurality of sample/hold circuits for sampling the time-divided and sequentially input current and holding them to the data line. A plurality of data lines coupled to the demultiplexer are coupled to pixels of the same color, and hence, currents with different levels are transmitted to pixels of different colors. A sample/hold circuit for transmitting a higher level current uses a driving transistor having a larger ratio of a channel width and a channel length.
US07728796B2	Organic electroluminescence device and method of driving the same Embodiments of the present invention relate to an organic electroluminescent device using different driving voltages according to sub-pixels. The organic electroluminescent device may include a panel, a driving voltage circuit and a driver. The panel may have a plurality of sub-pixels. The driving voltage circuit may generate a plurality of driving voltages. The driver may drive the sub-pixels by using the generated driving voltages. The organic electroluminescent device may use driving voltages corresponding to sub-pixels, and power consumption may be reduced.
US07728795B2	Plasma display panel driving method and plasma display panel apparatus capable of displaying high-quality images with high luminous efficiency Set-up, write, sustain and erase pulses are variously applied to a plasma display panel using a staircase waveform in which the rising or falling portion is in at least two steps. These staircase waveforms can be realized by adding at least two pulses. Use of such waveforms for the set-up, write and erase pulses improves contrast, and use for the sustain pulses reduces screen flicker and improves luminous efficiency. This is of particular use in driving high definition plasma display panels to achieve high image quality and high luminance.
US07728793B2	Plasma display panel driving method and plasma display panel apparatus capable of displaying high-quality images with high luminous efficiency Set-up, write, sustain and erase pulses are variously applied to a plasma display panel using a staircase waveform in which the rising or falling portion is in at least two steps. These staircase waveforms can be realized by adding at least two pulses. Use of such waveforms for the set-up, write and erase pulses improves contrast, and use for the sustain pulses reduces screen flicker and improves luminous efficiency. This is of particular use in driving high definition plasma display panels to achieve high image quality and high luminance.
US07728792B2	Mesh-pattern partitioned plasma display panel A plasma display panel is provided in which discharge connection in the column direction is prevented without increasing the number of man-hours in a formation process of a partition and without deteriorating ventilation for an exhaust process. A pattern in a plan view of a partition is made a mesh pattern in which vertical patterns are included at inter-row positions in each column. Each of first vertical walls is positioned at a boundary between columns, each of second vertical walls is arranged at a position away from a boundary between columns for each boundary between rows and each of horizontal walls is positioned at a boundary between rows. In the partition, a height of portions where the first vertical wall crosses the horizontal wall and a height of portions where the second vertical wall crosses the horizontal wall are smaller than a height of the other portions of the partition.
US07728785B2	Loop antenna with a parasitic radiator It is an objective of the present invention to provide an antenna construction that allows the thickness of an antenna structure be lower than that of planar antennas according to prior art without sacrificing the radiation efficiency at the desired RF-bands as 900 MHz GSM and 1800 MHz/1900 MHz DCS/PCS. A further object of the invention is to provide an antenna construction that is insensitive to changes in positions of electrically conductive objects in the vicinity. The objectives of the invention are achieved by a loop antenna structure equipped with an electrically conductive parasitic radiator that is electro-magnetically coupled with the antenna loop. Performance at the DCS/PCS bands can be further improved by using an electrically conductive tuner element that provides a stronger electromagnetic coupling between the antenna loop and the parasitic radiator.
US07728778B2	Portable electronic device with receiver and antenna A portable electronic device (22) includes a receiver (21), an antenna (25) attached to the receiver, an antenna circuit board (24) electrically connected with the antenna, and a container (26). The receiver has a resonance cavity (2113) defined therein. The antenna circuit board is fixed to the receiver and is used for obturating the resonance cavity. The container is used for receiving the antenna circuit board and the receiver therein.
US07728774B2	Radio frequency (RF) integrated circuit (IC) packages having characteristics suitable for mass production A radio-frequency integrated circuit chip package with N integrated aperture-coupled patch antennas, N being at least one, includes a cover portion with N generally planar patches, and a main portion coupled to the cover portion. The main portion in turn comprises at least one generally planar ground plane spaced inwardly from the N generally planar patches and substantially parallel thereto. The ground plane is formed with at least N coupling aperture slots therein. The slots are substantially opposed to the patches. The main portion also includes N feed lines spaced inwardly from the N generally planar patches and substantially parallel thereto, and at least one radio frequency chip coupled to the feed lines and the ground plane. The cover portion and the main portion cooperatively define an antenna cavity, with the N generally planar patches located in the antenna cavity. Fabrication techniques are also described. In some embodiments, N is two or more and a phased array is formed.
US07728767B2	Phase ambiguity resolution method for a satellite based positioning system The invention relates to a satellite-based positioning system in which a transmitter (2) emits electromagnetic radiation at least at N≧3 carrier frequencies (3, 4, 5). In order to resolve the phase ambiguity for said satellite-based positioning system, the electromagnetic radiation is received by a receiver (1), and K pseudo paths (3a, 4a, 5a, 6a) and L carrier phases (3b, 4b, 5b, 6b), especially at least two pseudo paths (3a, 5a) and at least two carrier phases (3b, 4b), are derived from the received radiation as M pieces of distance data, wherein M=K+L. In order to determine the position, the integer phase ambiguity is derived from the linear combination of a maximum of M≦2N−1 pieces of distance data.
US07728761B2	Active device for the reception and the emission of electromagnetic waves An active device includes a receiving antenna (6) that receives an electromagnetic (2) signal coming from a localisation system (3) and at least one emitting antenna (8) that 5 resends said signal (2) to said localisation system (3), and is characterised in that said device (4) includes a plurality of said emitting antennae (8) connected to at least one receiving antenna (6) in such a way that said emitting antennae (8) receive the electromagnetic (2) signal coming 10 from said at least one receiving antenna (6), with each of said emitting antennae (8) being the ones that resend the signal (2) to said localisation system (3). This offers the possibility of creating artificial measuring points that are retained over time easily, cheaply and simply, 15 whether in wooded zones, snow-covered zones or at sea.
US07728760B2	Method for generating a representation of an atmospheric vortex kinematic structure A method for generating a representation of a kinematic structure of an atmospheric vortex is provided. The method comprises receiving a plurality of signals from a Doppler radar. The signals are reflected at a plurality of pulse volumes. The method also comprises measuring a plurality of Doppler velocities based on the received signals. A plurality of scaled Doppler velocities are calculated representing the plurality of measured Doppler velocities, the radial distance between the Doppler radar and the pulse volume where the Doppler velocity is measured, and the distance between the radar and a first estimated atmospheric vortex center. The method also comprises generating a representation of the kinematic structure of the atmospheric vortex using the plurality of scaled Doppler wind velocity values.
US07728755B1	Reactive parallel processing jamming system The system is a parallel processing jamming architecture that is designed to automatically attack and concurrently investigate multiple signals simultaneously in the radio environment. The system implements multiple wideband independent channels to allow simultaneous threat signals to be processed in parallel and jammed in real-time. The system automatically attacks a radio communication channel when the suspect radio signal surpasses a dynamic composite threshold which is internally updated using multi-channel data feedback, in real-time. The concurrent analysis with transmission allows the system to optimize the jam efficiency quickly to an unknown signal, and while determining the validity of the threat. The high throughput parallel architecture allows the intelligent jamming process to occur with rapidity and signal multiplicity.
US07728754B2	Integrating analog to digital converter An integrating analog to digital converter (ADC) is disclosed that comprises a Delay Locked Loop (DLL) (2, 50) which is synchronized to a reference clock signal (12). A rising edge of a clock signal therefore propagates through the DLL once each clock cycle. In use, the integrating ADC converts an analog input signal to a digital output signal dependent upon a timing measurement of an integration carried out by an integrator (4). The timing measurement is taken by reading the logical states of the individual delay cells in the DLL. This enables the position of the rising edges of the clock signal to be determined and used as a timing measurement. The timing measurement is in the form of a digital thermometer code that can be converted into a binary number.
US07728753B2	Continuous synchronization for multiple ADCs A system, apparatus and method for continuous synchronization of multiple ADC circuits is described. The ADC circuits can be arranged in a master-slave configuration within the system so that the converter clock is subdivided into slower speeds for the data output clock or for the control of de-multiplexing the outputs onto a wider bus, while maintaining ADC-to-ADC synchronization resilient to perturbations from noise and other upset sources. The configuration of the ADCs in the master-slave configuration can be varied according to overall system requirements in any one of a sequential configuration, a parallel configuration or a tree type of configuration, as well as others. Digital and/or analog timing adjustments can be made to each of the ADC circuits. The master clocking signals can be generated by a master clock generator circuit, which is either internally implemented in an ADC circuit, or externally implemented as a separate master clock generator circuit.
US07728749B2	Multi-mode digital-to-analog converter Various apparatuses, methods and systems for a multi-mode DAC with selectable output range, granularity and offset and controlled slew rate are disclosed herein. For example, some embodiments of the present invention provide an apparatus for supplying a reference signal, including a digital-to-analog converter, a counter and a clock. The digital-to-analog converter has a digital input and an analog output that supplies a reference signal based on the digital input. The counter has a digital control word input, a clock input, a clock enable output and a count output connected to the digital input of the digital-to-analog converter. The counter is adapted to assert the clock enable output when the digital control word input requests an output count that is different from an actual count at the count output of the counter. The clock has an enable input connected to the clock enable output of the counter and a clock output connected to the clock input of the counter. The clock is adapted to produce clock pulses on the clock output while the enable input is asserted.
US07728743B2	Device and method for polyphase resampling A methods and devices for polyphase resampling are presented which may comprise a coefficient generator which provides a plurality of coefficients and an interpolation arrangement used to carry out the resampling by means of the coefficients applied to input data provided for resampling in order to provide output data. In one possible implementation the coefficient generator is constructed and/or controlled so as to provide the coefficients for the resampling in the form of linearly interpolated coefficients. In another alternative implementation, a plurality of at least two data interpolation filters are provided for the interpolation of a corresponding number of parallel input data, wherein the coefficients are input to each of the data interpolation filters.
US07728740B2	Data compression for communication between two or more components in a system A method includes generating a first symbol string code indicative of one or more positions of a first symbol string within data to be compressed. A second symbol string code indicative of one or more positions of a second symbol string within the data is also generated. The first symbol string code and the second symbol string code are combined into a compressed data code.
US07728737B2	Systems and methods for output of information messages in a vehicle A method and system is provided for the output of an information message in a vehicle, whereby an information message is stored, the current location of the vehicle is determined, a driver of the vehicle triggers an assignment of a stored information message to a location, and the information message assigned to a location is automatically emitted when the vehicle is situated at this location.
US07728735B2	Methods, apparatus, and computer program products for estimating a mood of a user, using a mood of a user for network/service control, and presenting suggestions for interacting with a user based on the user's mood A mood of a user is estimated based on a user's profile, data indicative of a user's mood received from a communication device associated with the user and from sources other than the user, and environmental data with a potential impact on the user's mood. Data indicative of the user's mood and the environmental data are processed to filter out data that is not relevant to the user's mood. The filtered data is cross-correlated with the user profile, and the mood of the user is estimated based on the cross-correlated filtered data. A network and services may be controlled based on a user's mood. Suggestions for interacting with the user may be generated based on the user's mood.
US07728728B2	Method and systems for collecting user's choices using RFIDs A method and systems for collecting data from a huge number of pre-filled forms are disclosed. According to the method and systems of the invention, the pre-filled forms comprise RFID tags, check boxes, and electrical connection between the RFID tags and the check boxes so that responses are modified according to checked boxes. In a preferred embodiment, each check box comprises at least two electrical terminals electrically connected to the RFID tag through a register. Using a pencil with conductive ink for checking the check boxes establishes an electrical contact between the terminals that modify the value of the register that in turn, modifies the response of the RFID tag. When the check boxes identifiers of a form have been collected, the identifier of the form is stored within the RFID reader to avoid further reading of the RFID tag, or the identifier of the RFID tag is erased.
US07728726B2	Radio frequency identification labels Systems and methods are provided for generating customized labels having electronic circuitry such as RFID circuitry. A printing system generates the label by selectively transfer printing elements (e.g., electronic circuitry, physical components, etc.) and donor layers (e.g., conductive materials, non-conductive materials, etc.) from a ribbon to a receiver (e.g., an item that receives the indicia). In addition, the printing system can program and test the label or indicia thereof, thereby providing the ability to customize each label according to predetermined criteria and to ensure that each label functions properly.
US07728723B2	Portable electronic device and computer software product The invention relates to a portable electronic device and computer software product. The portable electronic device comprises a motion detector for generating motion data characterizing the local movement of the portable electronic device, a motion intensity determiner for determining a instantaneous motion intensity value of the user of the portable electronic device from the motion data, and an active time counter for determining an active time accumulation that sums up the time periods, during which the instantaneous motion intensity value meets predefined activity criteria.
US07728721B2	Accessory system suitable for use in a vehicle An accessory system suitable for use in an interior cabin of a vehicle includes an attachment element adhesively attached to an interior surface of a windshield of a vehicle, and an accessory module. The accessory module includes structure adapted to attach to the attachment element. The accessory module encompasses an antenna and a forward facing camera. The forward facing camera has a forward field of view through the windshield of the vehicle and in the direction of forward travel of the vehicle. The accessory system may include an image processor for processing image data captured by the forward facing camera. The forward facing camera may capture images for at least one of a collision avoidance system and an automatic headlamp control system.
US07728718B2	Lighting system for vehicle and vehicle incorporating same The lighting system having a plurality of winker lamps disposed on front and rear portions of a vehicle body, a winker switch, and a lighting control circuit which performs changeover function allowing the winker lamps at a front portion of the vehicle body to lit as position lamps. The lighting control circuit is connected to a battery through an ignition switch. The lighting system further includes a power supply circuit which supplies, in an ignition off state, power to the lighting control circuit in response to an output signal from an antitheft apparatus to cause the winker lamps to light up or flicker. The output terminal of the antitheft device is connected to an electrical connection formed between the winker switch and the left and right rear lamps.
US07728717B2	Switching regulator, transceiver circuit, and keyless access control system A switching regulator for controlling transmit antennas of variable impedance, particularly transmit antennas of a keyless access authorization system in or for a vehicle, having an input terminal into which an antenna potential applied or appliable at the transmit antenna may be coupled, and having a control circuit designed to generate a compensation signal as a controlled variable for adapting the antenna potential to an actual output impedance and to establish a slope of the compensation signal depending on the actual antenna potential. The invention relates furthermore to a transceiver circuit with such a switching regulator and to a keyless access control system in or for a vehicle.
US07728713B2	Accurate persistent nodes A timing circuit that can function as an accurate persistent node in an RFID tag includes a power capture circuit for capturing power from a power source, and a counter circuit that provides a count representing a progression of time. The count can then be compared to a reference value representing a time constant of the circuit.
US07728708B2	Transformer apparatus, inverter transformer, and drive circuit The present invention provides a transformer apparatus configured by integrating an inverter transformer and balance transformer to be a downsized form, and a drive circuit using the transformer apparatus. The transformer apparatus comprises an inverter transformer having a core potion on which a primary coil and a secondary coil are wound, and a balance transformer having a core portion on which a primary coil and a secondary coil are wound, wherein the inverter transformer and the balance transformer are integrally formed by sharing a part of the core portions.
US07728706B2	Material magnetizer systems A system for improved magnetization of flexible magnetic sheet material, such as magnetic rubber. More particularly, this invention relates to providing a system for magnetization of pre-printed flexible magnetic sheet material.
US07728704B2	Method for reducing continuous charge Provided is a device mounted contactor and a method of reducing continuous charge distribution, especially in a vehicle. The contactor includes a housing, and a plurality of power terminals. The device may further include a conductance shield and support structure extending from the housing. Situated at least partially in the housing is a switch, which is capable of electrically coupling at least two of the plurality of power terminals. One or more electrically insulative covers may be provided. The contactor may also provide a fused accessory terminal, which is electrically coupled to one of the power terminals through a fuse. A method according to the present invention reduces continuous electrical charge distribution in an electrical circuit by mechanically attaching a first contactor power terminal to a battery terminal and electrically coupling a second contactor power terminal to a circuit, which may include a vehicle starter.
US07728698B2	Surface acoustic wave resonator filter with longitudinally coupled transducers A surface acoustic wave filter includes an acoustic track bounded by reflectors, at least a first input transducer and at least a second input transducer acoustically coupled to the acoustic track that are connected in parallel and connected to an asymmetric input port, at least two first output transducers acoustically coupled to the acoustic track that are connected in parallel and connected, to a first terminal of a symmetric output port and at least two second output transducers acoustically coupled to the acoustic track that are connected in parallel and connected to a second terminal of a symmetric output port. Each first output transducer in the acoustic track and corresponding second output transducers are side-by-side and are electrically connected in series via a first bus bar.
US07728697B2	Systems and methods for electrically reducing ferroelectric materials to increase bulk conductivity According to some embodiments, a pre-poled, single-domain body of a ferroelectric crystalline material such as lithium tantalate or lithium niobate is electrically reduced by applying a voltage across the body in a non-oxidizing environment while the body is heated to a process temperature below its Curie temperature. The voltage generates an electric field along the polar axis of the body. Electrodes may be formed on the body surface by applying an acetate-based silver paint. Exemplary methods allow achieving electrical conductivity values of 10−11 to 10−9 Siemens/cm.
US07728693B2	Tunable microwave devices with auto-adjusting matching circuit An embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus, comprising a filter; and a matching network coupled to the filter, the matching network including a plurality of voltage tunable dielectric varactors.
US07728691B2	Modulator for radio-frequency signals A modulator for radio-frequency signals designed an entirely digital modulator has two mixer stages connected in series. The first mixer stage implements with a relatively low first sample rate a frequency mixing with a first oscillator frequency that is adjustable with high precision. The second mixer stage implements a frequency mixing with a significantly higher second sample rate and with a relatively coarsely adjustable second oscillator frequency. The downstream second mixer stage, in the case of a single mixer stage, the mixer stage, has at least two phase accumulators that are incremented with the higher second sample rate but with different incremental values. The output signal of at maximum one of the phase accumulators is evaluated at any point in time.
US07728689B2	Pulse width modulator system The invention relates to pulse width modulator system (PWMS) comprising a modulator system input (MI),a modulator output (MO), an amplitude distribution filter (ADF) ,and a pulse width modulator (PMOD), wherein said amplitude distribution filter (ADF) establishes an intermediate output signal (OS) by modifying the level of the amplitude distribution of an input signal (IS) within at least one predetermined amplitude range of said input signal (IS), said input signal (IS) being received from said modulator system input (MI), and wherein said pulse width modulator (PMOD) provides a modulator output signal (MOS) on said modulator output(MO) on the basis of said intermediate output signal (OS).
US07728688B2	Power supply circuit for a phase-locked loop A power supply circuit includes a first voltage regulator to generate a first supply voltage for a first circuit of a phase-locked loop and a second voltage regulator to generate a second supply voltage for a second circuit of the phase-locked loop. The first and second supply voltages are independently generated by the first and second voltage regulators based on the same reference signal. The first circuit may be a charge pump and the second circuit may be a voltage-controlled oscillator. Different circuits may be supplied with the independently generated supply voltages in alternative embodiments.
US07728686B2	Digital-controlled oscillator for eliminating frequency discontinuities and all-digital phase-locked loop using the same A digital-controlled oscillator (DCO) is utilized in an all-digital phase-locked loop for eliminating frequency discontinuities. The DCO includes a tank module and a negative gm cell. The tank module comprises a plurality of cells, at least a portion of the cells comprising a first tracking set and a second tracking set for respectively handling an odd bit or an even bit. The odd bit and the even bit are related to an integer signal, a fractional signal or a combination thereof, the fractional signal is indicated by a primary voltage inputted to the DCO. With the DCO, frequency discontinuities and undesired spurs are eliminated.
US07728684B2	Crystal reference clock and radio localization receiver Device and method for temperature compensation in a clock oscillator using quartz crystals, which integrates dual crystal oscillators. The minimal power consumption is achieved through an efficient use of a processor in charge of the synchronization of the two oscillators. The invention is particularly adapted for the provision of a precise reference clock in portable radiolocalization devices.
US07728680B2	Method and circuit configuration for transmitting a two-valued signal The present invention relates to a method for transmitting a two-valued signal via a channel, a pulse train being output after the change of a signal level of the two-valued signal, and subsequently to the pulse train, a backswing is output. The present invention also relates to a circuit configuration for transmitting a two-valued signal having a magnetically coupled coil pair which includes an input coil and an output coil, at least two driver stages which are each connected to a terminal of the input coil, and an evaluation circuit which is connected to the terminals of the output coil, a capacitance being provided between a driver stage and a terminal of the input stage, and the input coil and the output coil each include two coil sections having windings in the opposite direction, the coil sections having the same winding direction of the input coil and the output coil being magnetically coupled.
US07728677B2	Method and apparatus for calibrating a voltage controlled oscillator by varying voltage applied to power supply input Methods and apparatus are provided for calibrating a voltage controlled oscillator, such as an N-stage voltage controlled ring oscillator. The voltage controlled oscillator comprises a power supply input and at least one gate delay element and has a frequency that is a function of a delay of the gate delay element and a voltage applied to the power supply input. A voltage controlled oscillator is calibrated by varying an output voltage of a programmable voltage source through a range of values; applying the output voltage to the power supply input of the voltage controlled oscillator; comparing an output clock frequency of the voltage controlled oscillator to a reference frequency clock for each of the output voltage values; and selecting a value of the output voltage that provides an approximate minimum frequency difference between the output clock frequency and the reference frequency clock.
US07728673B2	Wideband active balun using darlington pair An active balun with Darlington pairs obtains a wideband operation. With differential output signals, a size of the active balun is minimized. The present invention can be applied to a transceiver. With a wideband amplitude match and 180° out of phase, the performance of the transceiver is improved by the present invention for a few wide applications.
US07728672B2	RF amplifier Provided is a radio frequency (RF) amplifier. The RF amplifier includes an amplification circuit amplifying an RF signal, a bias voltage generation circuit supplying a bias voltage of the amplification circuit, and a first bias resistor connected between the amplification circuit ad the bias voltage generation circuit, and having a predetermined resistance allowing the bias voltage to be affected by the RF signal.
US07728669B2	Output stage circuit and operational amplifier thereof The present invention relates to an output stage circuit and an operational amplifier thereof. In the output stage circuit, one of a gate of a transistor is coupled to a gate of a bias transistor and a level shifter in response to a small signal outputted from an amplifying circuit in the operational amplifier. In addition, a gate voltage of the bias transistor is controlled by a voltage generating circuit to control a DC bias of the transistor of the output stage circuit. Therefore, extra frequency compensating components for compensating the transistor of the output stage circuit is no longer necessary, and saving circuit layout area and cost can be achieved by the present invention.
US07728668B2	Variable-gain amplification circuit, receiver and receiver IC Disclosed herein is a variable-gain amplification circuit, wherein the sources of first and second MOSFETs (Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistors) are tied to a common connection point connected to a current source. An input signal is supplied to the gates of the first and second MOSFETs. The drains of the first and second MOSFETs are connected to the sources of third and fourth MOSFETs respectively whereas the drains of the third and fourth MOSFETs are connected to two output terminals respectively, a gain control voltage is supplied to the gates of both the third and fourth MOSFETs. When control is executed in order to lower the gain control voltage supplied to the gates of both the third and fourth MOSFETs, other control is also executed in order to raise a bias voltage applied to the gates of both the first and second MOSFETs.
US07728667B2	Differential amplifier A differential amplifier is constituted of first emitter-follower transistors, second emitter-follower transistors, and amplification transistors whose bases are alternately connected to the emitters of the second emitter-follower transistors and whose collectors are connected to the emitters of the first emitter-follower transistors, as well as emitter resistors and constant current sources, whereby it is possible to reduce distortions of output signals in response to large-amplitude input signals, thus ensuring high-speed operation. It is possible to further incorporate base-grounded transistors and diodes, by which substantially the same collector-emitter voltage is applied to the emitter-follower transistors and amplification transistors, thus achieving the same power consumption and the same temperature variations with respect to these transistors. This reduces the nonlinear amplification error due to temperature differences of transistors, thus achieving flat gain characteristics in broad ranges of frequencies.
US07728666B2	Close-loop class-D audio amplifier and control method thereof The present invention discloses a Class-D power amplifier and control method thereof. In one embodiment, the amplifier feeds back the signal at the output node to the inverting input of the comparator, and provides a high frequency triangular wave signal to the non-inverting input of the comparator. In addition, the non-inverting input of the comparator may be coupled to an offset voltage, while the inverting input of the comparator may be coupled to a fixed-frequency rectangular wave signal, a feedback signal which is derived from the output stage and an input signal. In use, the switching frequency may be at least substantially fixed, so as to reduce the influence on the system caused by electromagnetic interruption (EMI). Further, the control circuit is simple, and some devices can be integrated.
US07728662B2	Saturated power amplifier with selectable and variable output power levels A power amplifier circuit includes two amplifier subsections and delay elements coupled in parallel. An input received by the second amplifier subsection is a delayed version of the input received by the first amplifier subsection. The output of the first amplifier subsection is delayed such that the delayed output of the first amplifier subsection is in phase with the output of the second amplifier subsection. For low output power operation, only the first amplifier subsection is enabled. For high output power operation, both the first and the second amplifier subsections are enabled. The first and the second amplifier subsections operate as saturated amplifiers. A first variable output power control signal controls the output power of the first amplifier subsection, and a second variable output power control signal controls the output power of the second amplifier subsection.
US07728661B2	Controlling power with an output network In one embodiment, the present invention includes multiple gain stages and an output network coupled to the gain stages. Each of the gain stages can be independently controlled to amplify a radio frequency (RF) signal to an output power level for transmission from a mobile wireless device. When controlled to be inactive, at least one of the gain stages can be placed into a low impedance state.
US07728655B2	Current limiting load switch with dynamically generated tracking reference voltage A current limiting load switch for bridging supply Vss and load with a reference voltage VRdt dynamically generated by a VRdt-generator is proposed. It includes: A pair of power FET and sense FET interconnected in split-current configuration. The FET pair develops a load voltage while limiting load current Iload to a preset maximum Imax. The FET pair is sized to draw device currents Ipower and Is with RATIOI=Is/Ipower<<1. The sense FET high-side terminal is coupled to Vss through a sense resistor Rsense developing a sense voltage Vs=Is×Rsense. A current limiting amplifier with inputs connected to VRdt and Vs and output controlling FET pair closing a current limiting feedback loop. The VRdt-generator dynamically adjusts VRdt concurrent and compensatory with an undesirable effect of changing RATIOI caused by the sense FET operational transition thus eliminating a transitional overshoot of Iload beyond Imax.
US07728651B2	Drive circuit, voltage conversion device and audio system The first control transistor is connected between a first input node for receiving a first input signal swinging between a first voltage and a second voltage and an intermediate node for outputting an output signal, and receives the second voltage at its gate. The second control transistor is connected between a second input node for receiving a second input signal swinging between a third voltage and a fourth voltage in synchronization with the first input signal and the intermediate node, and receives the third voltage at its gate. The voltage difference between the first voltage and the third voltage is smaller than or equal to the source-drain breakdown voltage of the second control transistor, and the voltage difference between the second voltage and the fourth voltage is smaller than or equal to the source-drain breakdown voltage of the first control transistor.
US07728650B2	Switches with passive bootstrap of control signal Switches with passive bootstrap that can achieve good sampling performance are described. In one design, a sampling circuit with passive bootstrap includes first and second filters and a switch. The first filter filters an input signal and provides a filtered input signal. The second filter filters a clock signal and provides a filtered clock signal. The switch receives a control signal formed based on the filtered input signal and the filtered clock signal and either passes or blocks the input signal based on the control signal. The first filter may be a lowpass filter having a first corner frequency that is higher than the bandwidth of the input signal. The second filter may be a highpass filter having a second corner frequency that is lower than the fundamental frequency of the clock signal. The first and second filters may both be implemented with one resistor and one capacitor.
US07728644B2	Skew compensation circuit The present invention describes a skew compensation circuit that can compensate for changes in signal skew in response to changes in external environments and processes. The skew compensation circuit includes a controller for outputting a control signal according to whether an external power supply is supplied and its operation mode. The skew compensation circuit also includes a signal output unit which selects either a normal path or a skew reduction path according to the control signal and outputs an input signal through the selected path.
US07728642B1	Ripple counter based programmable delay line A programmable delay line includes a first oscillator that is enabled and generates a plurality of clock cycles of a clock signal in response to a transition of the input signal. A first programmable ripple counter is coupled to the first oscillator, counts with each successive clock cycle to a programmed count, and generates a first signal in response to reaching the programmed count. A control circuit is coupled to the first oscillator and to the first programmable ripple counter. The control circuit transitions the output signal and disables the first oscillator in response to the first signal.
US07728641B2	Apparatus and method for outputting data of semiconductor memory apparatus An apparatus for outputting data of a semiconductor memory apparatus, which is capable of varying the slew rate and the data output timing, includes a bias generator that generates a bias having a level corresponding to a set value, a slew rate controller that controls a pull-up slew rate or a pull-down slew rate of input data on the basis of the bias generated by the bias generator, and a data outputting unit that outputs data on the basis of the slew rate controlled by the slew rate controller. Therefore, it is possible to satisfy various operational conditions without changing the structure of the circuit and to correspond rapidly and appropriately with a change of the system, which enables the applied range of the products to be extended.
US07728638B2	Electronic system that adjusts DLL lock state acquisition time One embodiment provides an electronic system including a delay locked loop and a control circuit. The delay locked loop is configured to be enabled and update lock state data and to be disabled and store the locked state data. The control circuit is configured to periodically enable the delay locked loop in standby mode at an update interval and for an enable period. The control circuit controls the length of the update interval and the length of the enable period to adjust lock state acquisition time for the delay locked loop in exiting the standby mode.
US07728636B2	Clock signal synchronizing device with inherent duty-cycle correction capability One aspect relates to a clock signal synchronizing device, in particular to a delayed locked loop (DLL) with capability to correct static duty-cycle offset and to filter clock-jitter. One aspect relates to a clock signal synchronizing method with capability to correct static duty-cycle offset and to filter clock-jitter. In accordance one aspect, there is provided a clock signal synchronizing device including a delay circuit having a variable delay time and delaying an incoming clock signal or a signal generated therefrom to output a delayed clock signal. Also included is a negator for inverting the delayed clock signal to output an inverted delayed clock signal. Also included is a delay control circuit for controlling the delay circuit to adjust the phase relation between the incoming clock signal and the inverted delayed clock signal and a phase interpolator. The phase interpolator is activated when the incoming clock signal and the inverted delayed clock signal are substantially in phase and adds the incoming clock signal multiplied with a factor of substantially (1−p) to the inverted delayed clock signal multiplied with a factor of substantially p to output a compound signal to the delay circuit, p being a real number greater than or equal to 0 and smaller than or equal to 1.
US07728635B2	High voltage tolerant port driver A plurality of output drive devices are capable of tolerating an overvoltage produced by an electrical connection with an external device operating in a high-voltage supply realm. The drive devices are capable of sustaining a continuous electrical connection to the elevated voltage levels and produce communications at an output voltage level equal to the supply voltage indigenous to the device. A high-voltage tolerant driver includes a plurality of output drive devices capable of tolerating an overvoltage, sustaining an electrical connection to an elevated voltage level, and producing an output voltage at an indigenous supply level. An initial pullup drive circuit is coupled to the plurality of output drive devices and produces an initial elevated drive voltage to the plurality of output drive devices. A sustain pullup circuit is coupled to the plurality of output drive devices and produces a sustained output voltage at the indigenous supply level.
US07728632B1	Integrated circuit comparators having improved input resolution and methods of operating same An integrated circuit comparator includes a pair of differential input transistors having gate terminals configured to receive a pair of differential input signals and a comparator output circuit electrically coupled to the pair of differential input transistors. A pair of differential offset compensation transistors are also provided. This pair of differential offset compensation transistors, which is electrically coupled to the pair of differential input transistors, has gate terminals that are configured to receive a pair of unequal dc offset voltages. The source and drain terminals of a first one of the pair of differential input transistors are electrically connected to corresponding source and drain terminals of a first one of the pair of differential offset compensation transistors and the source and drain terminals of a second one of the pair of differential input transistors are electrically connected to corresponding source and drain terminals of a second one of the pair of differential offset compensation transistors.
US07728629B2	Buffer with inductance-based capacitive-load reduction A buffer circuit uses (e.g., active) inductors for driving capacitive loads. In one embodiment, the buffer circuit has one or more stages, each stage having one CMOS inverter. Each CMOS inverter has one NMOS transistor and one PMOS transistor and is coupled to a stage input and a stage output. Additionally, at least one stage of the buffer circuit has two inductors, each coupled between a different voltage reference for the buffer circuit and the stage output. One inductor has a PMOS transistor coupled to the gate of an NMOS transistor and the other inductor has an NMOS transistor coupled to the gate of a PMOS transistor. When driving capacitive loads, the inductors partially tune out the apparent load capacitance CL, thereby improving the charging capabilities of inverter and enabling quicker charge and discharge times. Furthermore, partially tuning out apparent load capacitance facilitates the driving of larger capacitive loads.
US07728628B2	Level shift circuit and method for the same The present invention discloses a level shift circuit which comprises: a basic level shift circuit for receiving inputs of first high and low operational voltage levels and generating outputs of second low and high operational voltage levels at a first node; and an output circuit for outputting a signal of one of the second operational voltage levels according to a voltage level switching at the first node.
US07728621B2	Block-by-block leakage control and interface In one embodiment, a method of leakage control for a memory having an array of memory cells arranged into a plurality of sub-arrays is provided wherein each sub-array has a sleep mode of operation controlled by a sleep signal in which stored data is lost, and wherein each sub-array asserts a local clock if the sub-array is addressed. The method includes the act of asserting a sleep signal while addressing a given one of the sub-arrays such that only the given one of the sub-arrays is placed into the sleep mode.
US07728620B2	System including preemphasis driver circuit and method A system including a preemphasis driver circuit and a method. One embodiment includes an output terminal, a main driver coupled between the input terminal and the output terminal and an auxiliary driver coupled to the output terminal, wherein at least one unclocked delay element is coupled between the input terminal and the auxiliary driver.
US07728619B1	Circuit and method for cascading programmable impedance matching in a multi-chip system An improved circuit and method for programmable cascading of impedance matching in a multi-chip configuration are disclosed. Handshaking is implemented in cascaded chips by defining a master-slave configuration, and impedance is evaluated in cascaded chips in a non-overlapping manner. The circuit includes a plurality of chips arranged in a cascading configuration. A cascade output pin of a chip is coupled to a cascade input pin of a cascaded chip to enable handshaking between the plurality of chips. The plurality of chips are coupled to a common precision resistor via a common impedance line to enable each chip to calibrate impedance of the chip. Each of the plurality of chips includes a control circuit. Each control circuit includes a state machine circuit. The control circuit is configured to control a non-overlapping clock cycle of each chip during which the impedance of the chip is evaluated.
US07728613B2	Device under test pogo pin type contact element A device under test pogo pin type contactor features an active head and an electronic component associated with the active head. A tip is spaced from the active head and a biasing device is between the active head and the tip for biasing the active head against a device under test.
US07728607B2	Electrical probe Methods, devices, and systems for probing electrical circuits without loading the circuits are described herein. One embodiment of an electrical probe includes a coaxial cable having an inner conductor and an outer conductor, an extension portion of the inner conductor extending beyond the outer conductor at a probe end of the cable. The electrical probe includes a conductive whisker having a first portion separated from and extending a distance along the extension portion such that the first portion and the extension portion form a first capacitor and a second portion having a probe tip for receiving an input test signal from a circuit node under test.
US07728601B2	Method of inspecting electronic circuit A method of inspecting an electronic circuit that includes a first integrated circuit and a second integrated circuit formed on a circuit board. The first integrated circuit has a first power source, and an input circuit that has a test signal output section and the second integrated circuit has a second power source and an output circuit that has a signal input section. The method includes steps of: turning on the first and second power sources at prescribed voltage levels; changing voltage level of the first power source; applying a test signal to the signal input section of the second integrated circuit; detecting an output signal of the signal output section of the first integrated circuit; and examining whether there is a sufficient margin in the electronic circuit by comparing the test signal and the output signal.
US07728598B2	Method and apparatus for estimating the charge/discharge electricity amount of secondary batteries An apparatus estimates charge/discharge electricity amount without being affected by current measurement error. Under specific selection conditions, a no-load voltage calculation part uses pairs of data consisting of current data I(n) and voltage data V(n) corresponding to the current data to calculate a no-load voltage Vsep as the voltage intercept at a current of zero in a straight-line approximation obtained by statistical processing such as regression analysis using a least squares method. If specific current conditions exist for a certain amount of time, an open circuit voltage calculation part calculates the terminal voltage of the secondary battery as the open circuit voltage Voc. An estimated charge/discharge electricity amount calculation part uses a preset change-in-voltage adjustment constant ΔVbc/adjustment coefficient Kb, change-in-electromotive-force constant Keq and polarization voltage generation constant Kpol to calculate the estimated charge/discharge electricity amount ΔQe as a function of the change ΔVb in the no-load or open circuit voltage over a predetermined period of time.
US07728596B2	Method and device for sea electrical survey of oil-and-gas deposits A sea electrical survey method for hydrocarbon deposits, situated under seabed not exceeding 10 meters of depth, is disclosed, comprising: providing a plurality of multi-channel bottom systems with receiving lines having at least three electrodes and capable to register electromagnetic signals, excitation devices generating a series of computer-controlled alternating-sign pulses, a horizontally positioned dipole, synchronizing the excitation devices and bottom systems, submerging the systems upon the seabed along a predetermined direction, aligning the receiving lines, moving the dipole within the survey zone, excitation of the pulses, registering signals, measuring the potentials difference and the spatial derivatives of the signals during the pulses and the pauses, recording data, analyzing the data with accounting the fields behavior in time and in space simultaneously, determining the environment resistivity and environment polarizability based on a predetermined mathematical model, and compiling the deposit prognosis. Preferable distance, time, and angular parameters are specified.
US07728594B2	Magnetic resonance imaging system provided with an electrical accessory device A magnetic resonance imaging system is provided with one or more electrical accessory devices, for example, catheters (10) or RF surface coils (6), which are intended for use during the examination of an object, as well as with a connection lead (13) which is arranged so as to extend through an examination zone (1) of the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus, which zone can be exposed to an RF field, and to connect the accessory device to a connection unit (12). In order to avoid heating of the connection lead (13) due to common mode currents induced in the connection lead by the RF field, which currents could lead to injury of a patient or damage of the accessory device or the connection unit (12), the connection lead (13) comprises at least two lead segment (131, 132, . . . ) which are coupled to one another via a transformer (141) and at least one matching network (151, 152) comprising at least one T-, L- and/or π-quadrupole, which each comprise at least two impedance elements in the form of a capacitor and/or an inductivity, between a lead segment (131; 132) and the inductive coupling element (141) for matching the impedances of both.
US07728591B2	Imaging region-specific radio frequency coils for MRI A radio frequency coil includes a non-cylindrical conformal surface (62, 76) that substantially conforms with a magnetic resonance subject. A plurality of conductor loops (60, 71, 72, 73, 74) are disposed in or on the non-cylindrical conformal surface. The plurality of conductor loops are configured to produce a substantially uniform Bi field in the magnetic resonance subject responsive to energizing at a Bi frequency. Optionally, a plurality of load-compensating conductor loops (90) are disposed in or on a compensatory non-cylindrical conformal surface (62) that substantially conforms with a magnetic resonance subject. The plurality of load-compensating conductor loops are configured to produce a non-uniform Bi field that compensates for a loading Bi non-uniformity caused by the magnetic resonance subject. Moreover, the coil may comprise switching means for switching the coil between a first mode of operation (e.g. a volume transmit mode) and a second mode of operation (e.g. a phased array reception mode).
US07728590B2	Detection unit including an RF transceiver system and a pet detector A detection unit is disclosed for arrangement in the main magnet of an MR device, which has both an RF transceiver system and a PET detector. In at least one embodiment the RF transceiver system is divided into two parts and the two parts are arranged upstream and downstream of the PET detector in the longitudinal direction of the patient tunnel. The RF transceiver system and PET detector are applied to the same image volume. In at least one other embodiment, an MR device is equipped with the detection unit, and in at least one other embodiment, a method operates the detection unit.
US07728587B2	Self-calibrating nuclear magnetic resonance gyro The method and apparatus in one embodiment may have: a gyro housing containing a bias field; a bias field that generates a stable axial magnetic field; Xenon or other gas contained within at least a portion of the axial magnetic field, Xenon or other gas nuclear spins precessing at a constant angular rate with respect to the gyro housing in response to the axial magnetic field; wherein reversing a polarity of the bias field reverses a polarity of the magnetic field and a polarity of the precession of the Xenon or other gas nuclear spin, and wherein a reversing of the polarity of the gyro scalefactor thereby results without reversing a polarity of the gyro bias.
US07728585B2	Systems for measuring magnetostriction in magnetoresistive elements A system for use when measuring a magnetostriction value of a magnetoresistive element according to one embodiment includes a mechanism for applying a first magnetic field about parallel to a substrate having one or more magnetoresistive elements, and for applying a second magnetic field about perpendicular to the substrate and about parallel to magnetoresistive layers of the elements; and a mechanism for applying a mechanical stress to the substrate during application of the magnetic fields.
US07728582B2	Pulsar ring of a magnetic rotary encoder having a pulsar main body with a guide portion To hold a pulsar ring (1) of a magnetic rotary encoder well concentrically by a pressure inserting jig (4) when the pulsar ring is installed on a rotary body (3), the pulsar ring (1) comprises a metallic annular holder (10) and a pulsar main body (20) of a magnetic rubber material, the holder (10) comprises a disk portion (11) where the pulsar body (20) is bonded, a mounting tube portion (12) having a diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the disk portion (11) and being fixed to the rotary body (3), a fold-back portion (15) folded inward, and an intermediate portion (13) extending therefrom toward the mounting tube portion (12) so as to be separated from the disk portion (11), and the outer circumference of the fold-back portion (15) or a guide portion (22) mounted thereon is fitted to a circumferential wall portion (42) of the jig (4).
US07728581B2	Method of using oscilloscope to test rotation speed of fan An exemplary method for testing rotating speed of a fan, includes the following steps: coupling a fan and a resistor in series to a power supply; coupling an oscilloscope in parallel with the resistor; plotting voltage across the resistor on a screen of the oscilloscope, and obtaining the period of the voltage according to the image; and obtaining the rotating speed of the fan.
US07728573B2	DC-DC converter controller having optimized load transient response and method thereof A power supply controller (25) is configured to accurately adjust the value of an output voltage of a power supply system (10) responsively to the output voltage increasing to an undesirable value. The controller (25) accurately limits an upper value of the output voltage during a light load condition, and rapidly reduces the value of the output voltage during a light load condition, and different control signals to control the switching of the output transistors facilitates rapidly reducing the output voltage.
US07728571B2	Load-dependent frequency jittering circuit and load-dependent frequency jittering method The present invention discloses a load-dependent frequency jittering circuit, comprising: a load condition detection circuit for receiving a switching signal and generating an output according to a load condition; a number generator for receiving the output of the load condition detection circuit and generating a number; a digital to analog converter for converting the output of the number generator to an analog signal; and an oscillator for generating a jittered frequency according to the output of the digital to analog converter.
US07728570B2	Power factor correction circuit and power supply apparatus thereof A power factor correction circuit including a boost converter, a first capacitor, a first resistor, and a boost control unit is provided. The boost control unit includes a signal generator and a frequency controller. The boost converter transforms a rectified voltage to a correction voltage according to a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal. The first capacitor and the first resistor are coupled between an input terminal and a ground terminal of the boost converter. The boost control unit is adapted to generate the PWM signal, and adjust a duty cycle and a frequency of the PWM signal according to a current flowing through the first resistance, the rectified voltage and the correction voltage. Wherein, the signal generator is adapted to generate a ramp signal and adjust a slope of the ramp signal according to a charging current. The frequency controller adjusts the charging current according to the rectified voltage.
US07728569B1	Voltage regulator circuitry with adaptive compensation Voltage regulator circuitry is provided. The voltage regulator circuitry may contain a drive transistor that is controlled by the output of an operational amplifier. The drive transistor may supply a regulated voltage to a load. The operational amplifier may compare a reference voltage and a feedback signal at its inputs. The operational amplifier may include first and second stages. An adjustable resistor may be provided between the first and second stages. Control circuitry may control the resistance of the adjustable resistor based on the amount of current flowing through the load to ensure stable operation of the voltage regulator circuitry. Overshoot and undershoot detection and compensation circuitry may compensate for overshoot and undershoot in the regulated voltage. Voltage ramp control circuitry may be used to control the ramp rate of the regulated voltage.
US07728568B1	Power supply circuit and switch drivers A power supply system includes a first driver circuit to control a corresponding switching of a first switch device and a second switch device in the power supply system via different drive circuits. To reduce losses and thus improve efficiency of the power supply system, a first driver circuit can be configured to initiate a faster rate of transitioning the first switch device between ON and OFF states than a second driver initiates transitioning of the second switch device between ON and OFF states. To reduce the effects of introducing unwanted ripple voltage on an output signal used to drive a dynamic load, a controller in the power supply system can be configured to initiate shedding or adding of multiple voltage converter phases at the same time when load requirements cross a threshold value.
US07728566B2	Voltage regulator A voltage regulator having a MOS transistor driver includes a p-channel MOS transistor at a voltage input terminal Vin and a p-channel MOS transistor at a voltage output terminal Vout. A drain of the input side p-channel MOS transistor is connected to the voltage input terminal Vin. A threshold voltage or a voltage lower than the threshold voltage is applied to a gate of the input side p-channel MOS transistor. A drain of the output side p-channel MOS transistor is connected to the voltage output terminal Vout. A current flowing through the input side p-channel MOS transistor drives a voltage regulator circuit and the output side p-channel MOS transistor.
US07728563B2	Fast voltage regulators for charge pumps A digital multilevel memory system includes a charge pump and a voltage regulator for generating regulated high voltages for various memory operations. The charge pump may include a plurality of boost circuits to boost the output of the charge pump during a fast start up. Afterwards, the boost circuits are disabled to allow the charge pump to generate high voltages without boosting. The boost circuits may be successively enabled to boost the voltage. The boost circuits may be loadless. The voltage regulator may operate in an open loop and may include a resistive divider as a reference voltage for regulating the high voltage from the charge pump. The charge pump may include spread spectrum pump clocking to reduce electromagnetic inference for capacitor or inductor on-chip charge pumping.
US07728562B2	Voltage link control of a DC-AC boost converter system Systems and methods are disclosed for a DC boost converter. The systems and methods combine operation of an inductor with the input capacitor of a DC/AC inverter via a switch configuration to power the DC/AC inverter. The switch configuration is controlled by a plurality of control signals generated by a controller based on a variety of control modes, and feedback signals.
US07728560B2	Power system for producing low power DC voltage at a level above a peak value of an AC input to the system DC power for low power loads is provided for vehicles such as snowmobiles where the electrical system includes primarily AC power. DC voltage is provided for gauges and similar loads even though the peak value of the AC is below a desired level. Rectification and regulation of some energy from the alternator is used for supplying the DC power at a desired DC voltage that is above an alternator zero to peak value. A capacitor and a diode are connected in parallel from the alternator with rectifying circuit portions for supplying power to the DC load. A DC voltage monitor senses the DC voltage supplied to the DC load and prevents the DC voltage from rising above the desired voltage by controlling the first rectification, the second rectification, or both.
US07728559B2	Charging apparatus having a switching element for controlling charging power A charging device that may perform charging with larger current is provided. The charging device comprises a switching element for increasing or decreasing charging power, a PWM controlling circuit for intermittently turning the switching element on and off, a current detecting circuit for detecting current flowing through the switching element, and a correcting circuit for correcting output voltage of the current detecting circuit depending on the temperature of the switching element. The PWM controlling circuit has a limiter terminal for turning off the switching element when voltage equal to or above a predetermined value is input, and corrected voltage from the correcting circuit is input to the limiter terminal.
US07728555B2	Method for compensating state of charge of battery and battery management system using the same The present invention relates to a state of charge (SOC) compensation method for a vehicle using electrical energy, and a battery management system using the SOC compensation method. To determine the SOC of the battery, charge and discharge current of the battery is used to calculate a first SOC of the battery and a first corresponding voltage, a rheobasic voltage is calculated, an integration error corresponding to a difference between the first voltage and the rheobasic voltage is calculated, a SOC compensation factor is added to the first SOC when the integration error is greater than a first threshold value, and a SOC compensation factor is subtracted from the first SOC when the integration error is less than a second threshold value.
US07728552B2	Battery management system and method A battery management system is disclosed for control of individual cells in a battery string. The battery management system includes a charger, a voltmeter, a selection circuit and a microprocessor. Under control of the microprocessor, the selection circuit connects each cell of the battery string to the charger and voltmeter. Information relating to battery performance is recorded and analyzed. The analysis depends upon the conditions under which the battery is operating. By monitoring the battery performance under different conditions, problems with individual cells can be determined and corrected.
US07728547B2	Hybrid battery pack and methods of charging and discharging the same A hybrid battery pack and methods of charging and discharging the same make it possible to manage at least two power sources by one circuit. The hybrid battery pack includes a first power source having a first switching circuit, a second power source connected to the first power source in parallel and having a second switching circuit, a current sensor serially connected to the first and second power sources to sense the currents of the first and second power sources, and a controller to obtain the voltages of the first and second power sources so that the first and second power sources are not over-charged or over-discharged and to calculate the entire capacity of the first and second power sources using the amount of currents obtained by the current sensor.
US07728543B2	Stepping motor controlling device A stepping motor controlling device according to the present invention includes lead angle computing means which computes a lead angle according to the load torque current deviation of the stepping motor, adding means which adds an angle command to the lead angle to determine a winding exciting angle and voltage applying means which applies a voltage according to the winding exciting angle to the stepping motor.
US07728541B2	Electric motor drive control method and apparatus An electric motor drive control method includes deriving a target current from a target torque to apply electric current corresponding to the target current to an electric motor. When a rotation speed of the motor is in a predetermined speed region, including a zero rotation speed at which the target current for driving the motor allocated to the target torque is switched discontinuously, the target current corresponding to the rotation speed is obtained through a linear interpolation using the rotation speed and target currents at a traction side and a regeneration side allocated to the target torque such that the electric current corresponding to the target current is applied to the motor.
US07728533B2	Backlight control circuit with two transistors An exemplary backlight control circuit (20) includes: at least two load circuits (210), a pulse width modulation integrated circuit (PWM IC) (250) having a current sampling pin (251), a switching circuit (270), and an input circuit (230). Each load circuit includes a backlight and a backlight inspecting circuit having an output end. The switching circuit includes a first transistor which includes a source electrode connected to ground, a drain electrode connected to the current sampling pin, a gate electrode connected to a power supply. The input circuit includes at least two first diodes, at least two input resistor, a second transistor, and a pink-to-pink detector circuit. The pink-to-pink detector circuit includes a second diode, a second bias resistor, and a second filter capacitor. Each output end of the load circuits is connected to the gate electrode of the second transistor via the input resistor, the first and second diode.
US07728532B2	Circuit device for light-emitting diode driving and stabilizing system A circuit device for an LED's driving and stabilizing system includes an AC/DC controllable driving voltage source, a feedback driving controller, an LED demodulation driving controller controllable driving voltage source, an external regulator, and an LED modular device. While various internal conditions or factors of the circuit device may be obtained through integrally or partially setting and computing, the circuit device may also be externally connected to an input signal source according to the characteristics of different attributive conditions to thereby achieve the function of automatic regulation, enabling the LED modular device connected thereto and having been used over a long period of time to have lowered brightness attenuation rate, reduced power loss, reduced heat generation, and accordingly, extended the LED's lifespan.
US07728530B2	LED driving circuit and controlling method thereof The invention discloses an LED driving circuit and a controlling method thereof, comprising a power switch and a current sampling unit, as well as a voltage comparison unit for comparing the voltage obtained by the current sampling unit with a first reference voltage; an input voltage sampling unit for converting the sampled input voltage into a current signal; a timing unit for controlling the off-time of the power switch or presetting a fixed off-time; a logical unit for controlling the power switch by means of a power switch driving unit and for controlling the timing switch in the timing unit. The method for controlling the LED driving circuit comprises the step of modulating the off-time of the power switch with the input voltage or the step of presetting a fixed off-time. The invention can be used in LED light cluster driving with the power factor greater than 0.95.
US07728527B2	Energy saving power supply circuit A power supply circuit includes a power supply input for receiving power from a power supply, a power supply output for supplying power to a load, a voltage reference circuit, and a switch circuit. The voltage reference circuit is connected between the power supply input and the power supply output for regulating voltage of the power supply circuit. The switch circuit is connected to the voltage reference circuit and the power supply output. The voltage reference circuit supplies regulated voltage to the switch circuit. The switch circuit controls current between the power supply input and the power supply output to be changed alternately at a certain frequency, thereby changing power output to the load to save electricity.
US07728526B2	Organic light emitting display device and driving method for the same An organic light emitting display device is provided. The device includes a photo sensor adapted to: sense a brightness of ambient light; output a pulse width of an emission control signal corresponding to a sensed brightness of the ambient light; and output a gamma compensation coefficient corresponding to the sensed brightness of the ambient light and a user selected brightness. The device also includes a gamma compensation circuit adapted to adjust a magnitude of a voltage between a plurality of gradation voltages according to the output gamma compensation coefficient. The device also includes a scan driver and a data driver. The device also includes a pixel portion including a pixel adapted to: emit light according to the data signal, the scan signal, and the emission control signal; and display an image corresponding to the user selected brightness.
US07728524B2	Plasma display panel having transverse barrier ribs A plasma display panel (PDP) in which high luminance images can be formed at low voltage. The PDP includes first and second substrates which with a predetermined space therebetween; a plurality of barrier ribs disposed between the first and second substrates, including longitudinal barrier ribs and transverse barrier ribs having a height 10˜50% lower than the longitudinal barrier ribs in a direction towards the first substrate and connecting the longitudinal barrier ribs, the plurality of barrier ribs defining a plurality of discharge cells together with the first and second substrates; a plurality of pairs of sustain electrodes crossing the longitudinal barrier ribs; and a plurality of address electrodes to cross the pairs of sustain electrodes; and a fluorescent layer formed in each of the discharge cells.
US07728523B2	Plasma display panel with stabilized address discharge and low discharge start voltage A plasma display panel in which a front panel (1) including at least display electrodes (6) and a dielectric layer (7), and a rear panel (2) are faced to each other, to form a discharge space (14) therebetween, and a discharge gas is filled into the discharge space (14). A protective layer (8) made of magnesium oxide containing at least one element of silicon and aluminum added thereto is provided over the dielectric layer (7). The discharge gas contains at least xenon and hydrogen. The concentration of one of the silicon and the aluminum in the protective layer (8) ranges from 30 to 50,000 ppm inclusive. The concentration of the hydrogen is up to 10,000 ppm.
US07728516B2	Organic EL display An organic EL display is constituted by providing a stress-relieving layer made of a material having a higher elastisity and a lower refractive index than an adhesive layer at edges of color-converting filters that are constituted from color filter layers alone, or color filter layers and color-converting layers, and are formed on a transparent supporting substrate. As a result, stress arising when bonding the color-converting filters and the organic light-emitting device together, or when there are changes in the environment in which the display is placed is absorbed by the stress-relieving layer, and hence the light-emitting device is not damaged, and moreover reflection at walls of the stress-relieving layer is promoted, and hence there is a reduction in the component of the light emitted by the light-emitting device that escapes sideways. An organic EL display having high reliability and high efficiency is thus provided.
US07728514B2	Illumination source providing enhanced color mixing An illumination source is disclosed. The illumination source includes at least one OLED layer. The OLED layer includes an active light emitting region including a plurality of primary light-emitting OLED elements and secondary light emitting OLED elements connecting each of the plurality of primary light emitting OLED elements to at least another primary light emitting OLED element.
US07728508B2	Light emitting diode with fluorescent material A light-emitting device can be configured to have little variation in light emission characteristics even at increased temperatures. A light-emitting device can include a light-emitting section for emitting light with a predetermined wavelength, and a fluorescent material for absorbing a part of light emitted from the light-emitting section and emitting light with a longer wavelength. The light-emitting device can mix the light with the predetermined wavelength from the light-emitting section and the light with the longer wavelength from the fluorescent material, and thereby emit a mixed light. The fluorescent material can include single crystal grains in which primary grains have a diameter of 1 μm or less. Crystal defects, such as a grain boundary, do not often and sometimes never occur in the single crystal grain having a diameter of 1 μm or less. Thus, it is possible to restrain a phenomenon in which a crystal defect non-radially emits absorbed energy (as heat) which then reduces light emission efficiency.
US07728506B2	Low voltage phosphor with film electron emitters display device A flat panel display including: a film electron emitting cathode; and, an anode including: a plurality of pixels, a plurality of TFT circuits, each being associated with a corresponding one of the circuits; and a conductive frame laterally separating the pixels and substantially isolating their respective electric fields.
US07728503B2	Electron emission element, charging device, process cartridge, and image forming apparatus An electron emission element according to the present invention is compact, thin and low cost, and has a structure and constitution in which deterioration of the electron emission material itself is low. In the electron emission element, boron nitride material is used as the electron emission material, and a metal material or a semiconductor material is used as a substrate for forming the boron nitride material. In this way it is possible to obtain good quality boron nitride material on the substrate. Also, a voltage can be applied to the material to emit electrons, also electrons can be supplied. Moreover, by using Sp3-bonded boron nitride as the boron nitride material, and using Sp3-bonded 5H—BN material or Sp3-bonded 6H—BN material as the Sp3-bonded boron nitride, a field electron emission element can be achieved for which high efficiency electron emission characteristics unprecedented in conventional art can be obtained.
US07728499B2	Thermal management of high intensity discharge lamps, coatings and methods Ceramic HID lamps with improved thermal management having an adherent infrared reflective coating layer located on the outer surface of the vessel are described. They include a coating of a nonmetallic material proximate the first and second end portions of the vessel. Such coatings can minimize temperature gradients during lamp operation. Methods for preparing such lamps with improved thermal management are described as well.
US07728498B2	Industrial hollow cathode In accordance with one embodiment, the hollow cathode is comprised of a first tantalum tube, tantalum foil, and a second tantalum tube. The foil is in the form of a spiral winding around the outside of the first tube and is held in place by the second tube, which surrounds the foil. One end of the second tube is approximately flush with one end of the first tube. The other end of the second tube extends to a cathode support through which the working gas flows. To start the cathode, a flow of ionizable inert gas, usually argon, is initiated through the hollow cathode and out the open end of the first tube. An electrical discharge is then started between an external electrode and the first tube. When the first tube is heated to operating temperature, electrons are emitted from the open end of the first tube.
US07728490B2	Capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer A capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer having an ultrasonic wave transmission/reception surface formed by arranging a plurality of transducer cells each of which includes a membrane having a first electrode and a supporting film for supporting the first electrode, and also includes a second electrode arranged being opposite to the first electrode and being spaced apart from the first electrode at a prescribed interval, wherein: the transducer cells are arranged on the basis of resonant frequencies of the transducer cells.
US07728489B2	Piezoelectric actuator with a sheath, for disposition in a piezoelectric injector A piezoelectric actuator with piezoelectric elements, fastened between an actuator head and an actuator foot, and with a plastic sleeve surrounding at least the piezoelectric elements is proposed, which is set in a clamping ring on the actuator head and/or the actuator foot of the piezoelectric actuator. The respective clamping ring may be a metal part or a plastic part, which is equipped with clamping lugs suitable for setting the plastic sleeve and is thrust, pressed, or shrunk onto the respective actuator head and/or actuator foot of the steel piezoelectric actuator.
US07728487B2	Ultrasound transducer manufactured by using micromachining process, its device, endoscopic ultrasound diagnosis system thereof, and method for controlling the same An ultrasound transducer manufactured by using a micromachining process comprises: a first electrode into which a control signal for transmitting ultrasound is input; a substrate on which the first electrode is formed; a second electrode that is a ground electrode facing the first electrode with a prescribed space between the first and second electrodes; a membrane on which the second electrode is formed and which vibrates and generates the ultrasound when a voltage is applied between the first and second electrodes; a piezoelectric film contacting the membrane; and a third electrode electrically continuous to the piezoelectric film.
US07728486B2	Ultrasonic sensor An ultrasonic sensor includes a case having a substantially cylindrical shape with a bottom. The case has a piezoelectric element provided on the bottom, and a cushion member is engaged with a side portion of an opening of the case. A substrate and pin terminals are engaged in and held by a holding portion of the cushion member. On the substrate, electrodes that are connected to the pin terminals are provided. An opening portion is provided in a top surface of the cushion member. Lead wires that are electrically connected to the piezoelectric element extend out from the opening portion and are connected to the electrodes. The inside of the case is filled with an elastic resin from the opening portion.
US07728485B2	Bulk acoustic wave device and a method of its manufacturing A BAW device includes a semiconductor substrate with a surface region, an insulating layer formed on the surface region and a piezoelectric layer sandwiched by a first and second electrode, wherein the second electrode is formed on the insulating layer. The surface region is performed such that a voltage dependence of a capacitance between the substrate and the second electrode is substantially suppressed.
US07728483B2	Lamb wave type frequency device and method thereof A Lamb wave type high frequency device comprises: a piezoelectric substrate; an interdigital transducer (IDT) electrode formed on a first main surface of the piezoelectric substrates a reinforcing substrate connected to a second main surface of the piezoelectric substrate; a space portion formed in one of the piezoelectric substrate and the reinforcing substrate, an area of the space portion being larger than a region in which a Lamb wave is propagated; and a connecting surface formed in a periphery of the space portion.
US07728475B2	Thermally operated rotatable component restraint system A turboalternator system includes a turboalternator having a rotatable member operatively engaged to a bearing set, a radial support element, and a contact structure engaged with the radial support element. The rotatable member defines a first end, a second end and an axis of rotation. The turboalternator system is configured to be thermally adjustable such that in a first thermal condition the contact structure is at a first radial position with respect to the axis of rotation and contacts the rotatable member to provide support, and in a second thermal condition the contact structure is at a second radial position with respect to the axis of rotation that is spaced further from the axis of rotation than the first radial position.
US07728473B2	Electric rotating machine and manufacturing method of the same A electric rotating machine includes a rotor winding constituting a part of a rotor, a conductor provided in a center portion in a radial direction of a rotor body for supplying electricity to the rotor winding from the outside, a leader drawn from the conductor to an outside diameter side, and a connecting line constructed by stacking a plurality of conductor plates to electrically connect the rotor winding and the leader. The connecting line consists of a radial direction linear portion which is straight in the radial direction on the leader side, and a bending portion which branches into two routes toward opposite directions to each other in a rotor shaft direction from the radial direction linear portion and has a linear portion formed at a part of the bending portion. The linear portion of the bending portion is joined to a bottom surface of the rotor winding.
US07728471B2	Method of manufacturing terminal assembly of alternator for vehicles and terminal assembly manufactured by the method A method of manufacturing a terminal assembly of an alternator for vehicles and the terminal assembly manufactured by the method. The terminal assembly manufacturing method of the present invention includes a first step of notching and piercing a blank plate, a second step of deep-drawing notched portions of the plate to form a plurality of assembly protrusions, each of which has a pierced cylindrical shape protruding from the plate, a third step of trimming and piercing the plate to give it a predetermined shape, and a fourth step of coining and bending the plate, thus forming the terminal assembly.
US07728468B2	Laminations with integrated spacing feature for an electric machine, and method of making a lamination A lamination has at least one spacing strip which is formed by cutting out sheet-metal pieces from a metal sheet in order to define an inner boundary and an outer boundary of the lamination. A cut line is made in the metal sheet to define a contour for a spacing strip which is bent out of the main plane of the lamination.
US07728466B2	Machine based on superconducting technology with part support elements The machine contains a rotor with a hot rotor housing in which a cold part with a superconductive rotor winding is located. A part which acts as a baffle screen is provided on the outside of the rotor housing, facing a stator. Supporting elements are intended to be provided at predetermined points between the hot housing and the cold part, extending in the radial direction to such an extent that, during normal operation of the machine, a short separation is in each case formed between the supporting elements and the hot housing or the cold part, and such that a force fit is produced between the hot housing and the cold part via the supporting elements only in the event of a defect which leads to deformation of the hot housing of the machine.
US07728464B2	Pneumatic tool with integrated electricity generator A rotor for a pneumatic tool having electricity-generating capabilities comprises a shaft and an integral rotor body. The rotor body includes recesses dimensioned to receive an insulated subassembly comprising a magnet received within a nonmagnetic insulator. The nonmagnetic insulator acts to allow flux to be concentrated against stator windings. The improved rotor can be fitted with the insulated subassemblies in order to cooperate with a stator in the tool to generate electricity upon rotation of the rotor when pressurized fluid is applied to the vanes. A ring stator is supportable by a nonmagnetic end plate of the pneumatic tool, is disposed between the rotor and the rotor bearing and is preferably formed of Silicon Core Iron “B-FM” and magnet wire.
US07728462B2	Monolithic stage devices providing motion in six degrees of freedom Stage devices for various uses including use as a reticle stage or substrate stage in a microlithography system. An exemplary device includes a carrier and multiple linear EM actuators that couple the carrier monolithically to a base. The linear EM actuators collectively provide controlled movability of the carrier relative to the base in all six DOFs (X, Y, Z, θX, θY, θZ). The multiple linear EM actuators comprise at least one multiple-DOF linear actuator but fewer than six linear EM actuators. For example, the stage device can have two two-DOF linear actuators providing respective motions of the carrier in the X, Y and Y, Z DOFs (and collectively in all six DOFs) or can have two two-DOE linear actuators providing motions of the carrier in the Y, Z, θX, θY, and θZ DOFs and a one-DOF linear actuator providing motions in the X DOF.
US07728461B1	System for noise reduction in circuits Disclosed is an improved noise reducing apparatus using an anti-circuit, including a digital logic circuit and a digital anti-circuit corresponding to the digital logic circuit. The digital anti-circuit functions to cancel noise generated by the digital logic circuit. The anti-circuit includes logic to generate a similar number of switching edges as the logic circuit, where the anti-circuit edges are in the opposite direction as the logic circuit. The anti-circuit may have a circuit structure close to that of the noisy circuit, or can be formed of components different in structure but generating an output pattern similar to (and opposite from) the noisy circuit. In some embodiments, the differently structured components can include a state machine coupled to a memory or look-up-table.
US07728460B2	Power supply system A power supply system (and method) for an exhibition stand having a frame that includes upstanding posts and transverse members. The power supply system (and method) includes an elongate member forming in use one of the transverse members of the frame. The elongate member includes a power inlet connectable to a power supply, a power outlet, and a circuit connecting the power inlet and power outlet. The power supply system (and method) also includes a power take off unit having a power inlet and at least two power outlets, and a plurality of electrical connecting means. The power outlet of the elongate member can be connected by means of one of the electrical connecting means to the power inlet of the power take-off unit such that power can be tapped from the elongate member and directed from one power outlet of the take-off unit, via another of the electrical connecting means, to the elongate member of an adjacent exhibition stand. Power can also be directed from another power outlet of the take-off unit, via a further one of the electrical connecting means, to a desired portion of the exhibition stand.
US07728459B2	Power supply for real-time clock generation A power supply. The power supply provides power to a real-time clock generator when system power is not available and comprises first and second regulators, an energy storage device, and a switch. The first regulator receives a system power and generates a first regulated voltage when the system power is available. The energy storage device is coupled to a node. The second regulator comprises an input coupled to the node and provides a second regulated voltage to a real-time clock generator. The switch is coupled between the first regulator and the node. The switch is turned on when the system power is available and turned off when the system power is not available.
US07728456B2	Vehicle auxiliary electric-power-supplying system A vehicle auxiliary electric-power-supplying system can normally stop an electric power inverter by the frequency in use for an electric power supplier being suppressed as low as possible, and electric power being immediately started to be supplied from the power supplier to a controller in a case in which normal electric power has become unable to be obtained from power-outputting of the electric power inverter. The system includes: the electric power inverter for converting a first type of dc power received through an overhead wire to a second type of dc power, and supplying the second type of dc power to a dc load; the power supplier for converting the first type of dc power received through the overhead wire to a third type of dc power; a power-outputting unit, connected to both the electric power inverter and the electric power supplier, for outputting either the second type of dc power or the third type of dc power; and the controller for receiving power from the power-outputting unit, and controlling the electric power inverter.
US07728455B2	Parabolic bi-directional wind turbine assembly and omni-directional power array An omni-direction array 22 of wind turbine assemblies 10 is positioned upon and about the periphery of the roof of a building. Each wind turbine assembly 10 comprises a self supporting modular box-shaped housing 12 having an inlet and outlet for accelerating the flow of air therethrough. Turbine 14 comprises a hub 27, a peripheral band 28 and vanes 25 having proximal and distal ends positioned there between and having a ring gear 18 positioned on the peripheral band in mechanical communication with a plurality of generators 20 for converting wind energy into electricity. Parabolic collectors 16 are positioned and attached to the inlet and outlet of the housing 12 for collecting, concentrating, directing and accelerating wind through the turbine 14 in the throat section of the assembly. Each self supporting box-shaped modular housing 12 is structurally communicated with other housings 12 by interlocking mating surfaces 26.
US07728454B1	Tapered helical auger turbine to convert hydrokinetic energy into electrical energy A helical auger turbine and hydrokinetic device for use with electrical generators for producing electricity. The auger turbine includes a generally helical turbine blade rotatably mounted on a central shaft, which may be tapered at each end, and a flange extending perpendicularly to an edge of the turbine blade. At least one turbine blade support connection is included for connecting the central shaft to a support structure. An electrical generator may be powered by the helical auger turbine, that can be used in a tidal water flow. The helical auger turbine can operate a high pressure pump connected to a hydraulic accumulator for storing pressurized hydraulic fluid from the high pressure pump. An electrical generator can be operated by hydraulic fluid delivered from the hydraulic accumulator at times of slow water flow. A plurality of helical auger turbines can be horizontally oriented under water, tethered to legs of an ocean platform such as an oil rig secured to the seabed.
US07728452B2	Wind power generator system and control method of the same A wind power generator system including: a windmill rotor including a blade having a variable pitch angle; a generator driven by the windmill rotor; and a control unit controlling the output power of the generator and the pitch angle of the blade in response to the rotational speed of the windmill rotor or the generator. The control unit performs a first control in which the output power is controlled in accordance with a predetermined power-rotational speed curve until the rotational speed is increased to reach a predetermined rated rotational speed, and performs a second control in which the output power is controlled to a predetermined rated power when the rotational speed exceeds the rated rotational speed; the control unit is responsive to the pitch angle for maintaining a state of performing the second control is or for switching to a state of performing the first control, when the rotational speed is reduced below the rated rotational speed after the control unit is once placed into the state of performing the second control. This provides a wind power generator system which suppresses output power fluctuation and generation efficiency reduction when a transient wind null occurs.
US07728451B2	Wind power generation system A wind power generation system includes: a wind turbine in which at least one blade is mounted on an axis; a generator for generating multiphase alternating current power by rotation of the axis; and a multiphase power conversion device for performing PWM-control for adjustment and output of generated power of the generator. With the configuration, the PWM-control provides for each phase a control paused period in which no overlap occurs. Thus, the pulse density between the control period and the control paused period of other phases is low, thereby generating high and low density in an inter-phase pulse.
US07728450B2	Generator output circuitry for twin turbine wind power generating system Improved generator output circuitry for twin turbine includes boost DC converters for each of a pair of generators with their output introduced to a single inverter, which serves both generators and converters in common. The inverter output then proceeds in conventional AC form through a disconnect switch to a power grid.
US07728443B2	Semiconductor components with through wire interconnects A method for fabricating a semiconductor component with a through wire interconnect includes the step of providing a substrate having a circuit side, a back side, and a through via. The method also includes the steps of: threading a wire through the via, forming a contact on the wire on the back side, forming a bonded contact on the wire on the circuit side, and then severing the wire from the bonded contact. The through wire interconnect includes the wire in the via, the contact on the back side and the bonded contact on the circuit side. The contact on the back side, and the bonded contact on the circuit side, permit multiple components to be stacked with electrical connections between adjacent components. A system for performing the method includes the substrate with the via, and a wire bonder having a bonding capillary configured to thread the wire through the via, and form the contact and the bonded contact. The semiconductor component can be used to form chip scale components, wafer scale components, stacked components, or interconnect components for electrically engaging or testing other semiconductor components.
US07728442B2	Semiconductor device and a method of manufacturing the same A semiconductor device manufacturing technique which allows reduction of semiconductor chip size. First, a pad and other wires are formed over an insulating film. A surface protective film is formed over the insulating film including the pad and wires, and an opening is made in the surface protective film. The opening lies over the pad and exposes a surface of the pad. A bump electrode is formed over the surface protective film including the opening. Here, the pad is smaller than the bump electrode. Consequently, the wires are arranged just beneath the bump electrode in the same layer as the pad 10. In other words, the wires are arranged in space which becomes available because the pad is small enough.
US07728435B2	Semiconductor device with double barrier film A semiconductor device comprising a first insulation layer, a second insulation layer, a first barrier film, a second barrier film, a diffusion layer. The device further comprises an upper contact hole, a lower contact hole, and a contact plug. The upper contact hole penetrates the second insulation layer and has a bottom in the second barrier film. The bottom has a width greater than a trench made in the first insulation layer, as measured in a direction crossing the widthwise direction of the trench. The lower contact hole penetrates the first insulation layer and first barrier film, communicates with the first contact hole via the trench and is provided on the diffusion layer. The upper portion of the lower contact hole has the same width as the trench. The contact plug is provided in the upper contact hole and lower contact hole.
US07728432B2	Narrow and wide copper interconnections composed of (111), (200) and (511) surfaces A semiconductor device includes: a semiconductor substrate; an insulating film provided on the semiconductor substrate; a plurality of copper interconnections provided on the same level in the insulating film. The copper interconnection includes: a first copper interconnection having a relatively narrow width; and a second copper interconnection having a relatively wide width. The first copper interconnection has the top surface thereof principally composed of copper, and the second copper interconnection has the top surface thereof principally composed of copper.
US07728428B2	Multilayer printed circuit board A multilayer PCB includes a plurality of signal layers, a ground layer and a power layer disposed between the plurality of signal layers, a signal via extending through the plurality of signal layers to allow a signal current to flow therethrough, at least one stitching capacitor provided in one of the plurality of signal layers to allow a return current that corresponds to the signal current to flow between the power layer and the ground layer. Thus, the multiplayer PCB can form a path of a return current that minimizes generation of EMI when a signal current is generated.
US07728427B2	Assembling stacked substrates that can form cylindrical inductors and adjustable transformers A system is described that can assemble substrates over one another to form a stacked substrate. The various layers of the stacked substrate can be separated from each other by using Coulomb forces. In addition, a beam substrate can be used to increase the separation. The instructions for assembly and a FSM (Finite State Machine) can be included in the stacked substrate to pave the way for a self-constructing 3-D automaton. The beam substrate can be used to carry heat, fluids, electrical power or signals between the various layers of the stacked cells besides providing a mechanical support. A stacked substrate can be assembled into a cylindrical coil, a transformer or a coupled transformer depending on the construction of the beam structure. The magnetic coupling of the transformer can be altered by changing the distance between the separated substrates.
US07728426B2	Semiconductor device A semiconductor device 10 includes a silicon substrate 20 having a first interconnection layer 24, a second interconnection layer 26, and grooves 22 provided at the second main surface 20b. Mounted on the substrate 20 are one or more semiconductor chips 30 having chip external terminals 32 electrically connected to the first interconnection layer; and one or more peripheral chips 40 electrically connected to the first interconnection layer on the silicon substrate. By the provision of the grooves 22, the heat radiating property is improved.
US07728424B2	Semiconductor device and method of manufacturing the same A semiconductor device including: a semiconductor substrate having an electrode; a resin protrusion formed on a surface of the semiconductor substrate on which the electrode is formed, the resin protrusion extending along a straight line and having a sloping region of which a height decreases along the straight line as a distance from a center of the resin protrusion increases; and an interconnect electrically connected to the electrode and extending over the sloping region of the resin protrusion.
US07728418B2	Semiconductor device and manufacturing method thereof A semiconductor device includes a plurality of chips comprising a plurality of first moisture-proof rings individually surrounding said plurality of chips, a second moisture-proof ring surrounding the entire plurality of chips, and a wire for connecting said plurality of chips to each other.
US07728417B2	Integrated circuit package system including shield A method of manufacture of an integrated circuit package system which includes providing a substrate and attaching a first device to the substrate. Attaching a shield to the substrate. Processing the shield to form apertures and configuring the shield to block electromagnetic energy that passes through the apertures.
US07728415B2	Power semiconductor component stack using lead technology with surface-mountable external contacts and a method for producing the same A power semiconductor component stack, using lead technology with surface-mountable external contacts, includes at least two MOSFET power semiconductor components each having a top side and an underside. The underside includes: a drain external contact area, a source external contact area and a gate external contact area. The top side includes at least one source external contact area and a gate external contact area. The gate external contact areas on the top side and the underside are electrically connected to one another. The power semiconductor component stack is a series circuit or a parallel circuit of MOSFET power semiconductor components arranged one above another in a plastic housing composition.
US07728414B2	Lead frame and resin-encapsulated semiconductor device A power QFN package includes signal leads, a die pad, support leads, and an adhesive for die bonding. These elements are encapsulated with a resin encapsulant. The lower parts of the signal leads are exposed from the resin encapsulant to function as external electrodes. A middle part of the die pad is formed at a higher level than a peripheral part thereof. This permits the formation of through holes in a thin part of the die pad. This enhances the degree of flexibility in the size of a semiconductor chip and the moisture resistance thereof.
US07728409B2	Semiconductor device and method of manufacturing the same A semiconductor device formed by decreasing thickness of a substrate by grinding, and performing ion implantation. In a diode in which a P anode layer and an anode electrode are formed at a side of a right face of an N− drift layer, and an N+ cathode layer and a cathode electrode are formed at a side of a back face of the N− drift layer, an N cathode buffer layer is formed thick compared with the N+-type cathode layer between the N−-type drift layer and the N+ cathode layer, the buffer layer being high in concentration compared with the N− drift layer, and low compared with the N+ cathode layer. When a reverse bias voltage is applied, a depletion layer is stopped in the middle of the N cathode buffer layer, and thus prevented from reaching the N+ cathode layer, so that the leakage current is suppressed.
US07728405B2	Carbon memory An integrated circuit including a memory cell and methods of manufacturing the integrated circuit are described. The memory cell includes a resistive memory element including a top contact, a bottom contact, and a carbon storage layer disposed between the top contact and the bottom contact. The memory cell operates at a voltage in a range of approximately 0.5V to approximately 3V, and at a current in a range of approximately 1 μA to approximately 150 μA.
US07728400B2	Electro-optical device and electronic apparatus An electro-optical device includes semiconductor layers disposed between a first substrate and an electro-optical layer. The semiconductor layers are provided at positions corresponding to crossover regions of scanning lines and data lines. Island light shielding films are disposed between the second substrate and the electro-optical layer. The island light shielding films are isolated from each other and at least partially overlapping a corresponding one of the semiconductor layers in plan view.
US07728399B2	Molded optical package with fiber coupling feature Apparatuses and methods directed to an integrated circuit package having an optical component are disclosed. The package may include an integrated circuit die having at least one light sensitive region disposed on a first surface thereof. By way of example, the die may be a laser diode that emits light through the light sensitive region, or a photodetector that receives and detects light through the light sensitive region. An optical concentrator may be positioned adjacent the first surface of the first die. The optical concentrator includes a lens portion positioned adjacent the light sensitive region and adapted to focus light.
US07728391B2	Small-pitch three-dimensional mask-programmable memory The present invention discloses a small-pitch three-dimensional mask-programmable memory (SP-3DmM). It is an ultra-low-cost and ultra-high-density semiconductor memory. SP-3DmM comprises a mask-programmable memory level stacked above the substrate. This memory level comprises diodes but no transistors or antifuses. Its minimum line pitch is smaller than the minimum gate pitch of the substrate transistors.
US07728390B2	Multi-level interconnection memory device A method for preventing arcing during deep via plasma etching is provided. The method comprises forming a first patterned set of parallel conductive lines over a substrate and forming a plurality of semiconductor pillars on the first patterned set of parallel conductive lines and extending therefrom, wherein a pillar comprises a first barrier layer, an antifuse layer, a diode, and a second barrier layer, wherein an electric current flows through the diode upon a breakdown of the antifuse layer. The method further comprises depositing a dielectric between the plurality of semiconductor pillars, and plasma etching a deep via recess through the dielectric and through the underlying layer after the steps of forming a plurality of semiconductor pillars and depositing a dielectric. An embodiment of the invention comprises a memory array device.
US07728389B2	Semiconductor device and fabrication method for the semiconductor device A semiconductor device and a fabrication method for the semiconductor device which can remove the sacrifice layer deposited on the semiconductor device surface in a short time and whose manufacturing yield can be improved are provided. The semiconductor device and the fabrication method for the semiconductor device includes a field effect transistor 4 including a gate electrode 1, a drain electrode 2, and a source electrode 3 formed on a semiconductor substrate; and a hollow protective film 5 for covering the gate electrode 1, the drain electrode 2, and the source electrode 3, and being provided on the semiconductor substrate 4A. The hollow protective film 5 includes a 1st cap layer 7; a second cap layer 10 placed on the first cap layer 7; a plurality of openings 12 formed on the position of the first cap layer 7 of the upper part of the drain electrode 2 and the source electrode 3; a sealed part 12A for sealing the openings 12 by the second cap layer 10, wherein oxygen plasma is supplied through the openings 12, and ashing removal of the sacrifice layer 6 is performed.
US07728385B2	Trench MOSFET with an ONO insulating layer sandwiched between an ESD protection module atop and a semiconductor substrate A device structure is disclosed for preventing gate oxide damage of a trench MOSFET during wafer processing while adding an ESD protection module atop the trench MOSFET. The ESD protection module has a low temperature oxide (LTO) bottom layer whose patterning process was found to cause the gate oxide damage before. The present invention structure includes a semiconductor substrate having an active area and a termination area; numerous trench MOSFET cells disposed in the active area; numerous electrostatic discharge (ESD) diodes disposed above the semiconductor substrate in the termination area; and an insulation layer comprising Oxide/Nitride/Oxide (ONO) sandwiched between the ESD diodes and the semiconductor substrate. In one embodiment, the active area does not contain the ONO insulation layer.
US07728380B2	Semiconductor device Embodiments relate to a semiconductor device. In embodiments, a semiconductor device may include a semiconductor substrate having isolation layers and a well region, a gate electrode formed within a trench having a predetermined depth in the well region, source/drain regions formed at both sides of the trench, respectively, an interlayer dielectric layer formed on the semiconductor substrate to have predetermined contact holes, and metal interconnections formed within the contact holes, respectively.
US07728376B2	Semiconductor memory device HfO2 films and ZrO2 films are currently being developed for use as capacitor dielectric films in 85 nm technology node DRAM. However, these films will be difficult to use in 65 nm technology node or later DRAM, since they have a relative dielectric constant of only 20-25. The dielectric constant of such films may be increased by stabilizing their cubic phase. However, this results in an increase in the leakage current along the crystal grain boundaries, which makes it difficult to use these films as capacitor dielectric films. To overcome this problem, the present invention dopes a base material of HfO2 or ZrO2 with an oxide of an element having a large ion radius, such as Y or La, to increase the oxygen coordination number of the base material and thereby increase its relative dielectric constant to 30 or higher even when the base material is in its amorphous state. Thus, the present invention provides dielectric films that can be used to form DRAM capacitors that meet the 65 nm technology node or later.
US07728373B2	DRAM device with cell epitaxial layers partially overlap buried cell gate electrode A semiconductor device may include a substrate having a cell active region. A cell gate electrode may be formed in the cell active region. A cell gate capping layer may be formed on the cell gate electrode. At least two cell epitaxial layers may be formed on the cell active region. One of the at least two cell epitaxial layers may extend to one end of the cell gate capping layer and another one of the at least two cell epitaxial layers may extend to an opposite end of the cell gate capping layer. Cell impurity regions may be disposed in the cell active region. The cell impurity regions may correspond to a respective one of the at least two cell epitaxial layers.
US07728372B2	Method and structure for creation of a metal insulator metal capacitor The invention is directed to an improved capacitor that reduces edge defects and prevents yield failures. A first embodiment of the invention comprises a protective layer adjacent an interface of a conductive layer with the insulator, while the second embodiment of the invention comprises a protective layer on an insulator which is on a conductive layer.
US07728369B2	Nonvolatile ferroelectric memory device A nonvolatile ferroelectric memory device is provided so as to control read/write operations of a nonvolatile memory cell using a channel resistance of the memory cell which is differentiated by polarity states of a ferroelectric material. In the memory device, an insulating layer is formed on a bottom word line, and a floating channel layer comprising a N-type drain region, a P-type channel region and a N-type source region is formed on the insulating layer. Then, a ferroelectric layer is formed on the floating channel layer, and a word line is formed on the ferroelectric layer. As a result, the resistance state induced to the channel region is controlled depending on the polarity of the ferroelectric layer, thereby regulating the read/write operations of the memory cell array.
US07728368B2	Semiconductor device and method of manufacturing the same According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a semiconductor device including a semiconductor substrate, a lower electrode film formed on the semiconductor substrate, a dielectric film formed on the lower electrode film, and an upper electrode film formed on the dielectric film, wherein the lower electrode film, the dielectric film and the upper electrode film construct a capacitor in a predetermined region on the semiconductor substrate, the dielectric film is separated from the upper electrode film outside the predetermined region, and the dielectric film is formed continuously with respect to an adjacent cell.
US07728365B2	CMOS image sensor structure A CMOS image sensor (CIS) process is described. A semiconductor substrate is provided, and then a gate dielectric layer, a gate material layer and a thickening layer are sequentially formed on the substrate, wherein the thickening layer includes at least a hard mask layer. The thickening layer is defined to form a transfer-gate pattern, and then the transfer-gate pattern is used as an etching mask to pattern the gate material layer and form a transfer gate. Ion implantation is then conducted to form a PN diode in the substrate with the transfer-gate pattern and the transfer gate as a mask.
US07728363B2	Protective structure for semiconductor sensors A protective structure for a semiconductor sensor integrated in a semiconductor substrate for use in a state that is in direct contact with a measuring medium has a semiconducting layer that is applied to the semiconductor substrate, a metal layer and an insulating layer. The insulating layer is disposed between the semiconducting layer and the metal layer and electrically insulates same.
US07728362B2	Creating integrated circuit capacitance from gate array structures Using gate arrays to create capacitive structures within an integrated circuit are disclosed. Embodiments comprise having a gate array of P-type field effect transistors (P-fets) and N-type field effect transistors (N-fets) in an integrated circuit design, coupling drains and sources for one or more P-fets and gates for one or more N-fets to a power supply ground, and coupling gates for the one or more P-fets and the drains and sources for one or more N-fets to a positive voltage of the power supply. In some embodiments, source-to-drain leakage current for capacitive apparatuses of P-fets and N-fets are minimized by biasing one or more P-fets and one or more N-fets to the positive voltage and the ground, respectively. In other embodiments, the capacitive structures may be implemented using fusible elements to isolate the capacitive structures in case of shorts.
US07728360B2	Multiple-gate transistor structure A multiple-gate transistor structure which includes a substrate, source and drain islands formed in a portion of the substrate, a fin formed of a semi-conducting material that has a top surface and two sidewall surfaces, a gate dielectric layer overlying the fin, and a gate electrode wrapping around the fin on the top surface and the two sidewall surfaces separating source and drain islands. In an alternate embodiment, a substrate that has a depression of an undercut or a notch in a top surface of the substrate is utilized.
US07728357B2	Heterojunction bipolar transistor and manufacturing method thereof The object of the present invention is to provide a heterojunction bipolar transistor with high breakdown tolerance which can be manufactured at a high reproducibility and a high yield, the heterojunction bipolar transistor includes: a sub-collector layer; a collector layer formed on the sub-collector layer; a base layer formed on the collector layer; and an emitter layer, which is formed on the base layer and is made of a semiconductor that has a larger bandgap than a semiconductor of the base layer, in which the collector layer includes: a first collector layer formed on the sub-collector layer; a second collector layer formed on the first collector layer; and a third collector layer formed between the second collector layer and the base layer, a semiconductor of the first collector layer differs from semiconductors of the third collector layer and the second collector layer, and an impurity concentration of the second collector layer is lower than an impurity concentration of the sub-collector layer and higher than an impurity concentration of the third collector layer.
US07728349B2	Low capacitance SCR with trigger element A silicon rectifier semiconductor device with selectable trigger and holding voltages includes a trigger element. A first well region of a first conductivity type formed within a semiconductor body. A first region of the first conductivity type is formed within the first well region. A second region of a second conductivity type is formed with the first well region. A second well region having the second conductivity type is formed within the semiconductor body adjacent the first well region. A third region of the first conductivity type is formed within the second well region. A fourth region of the second conductivity type is formed within the second well region. The trigger element is connected to the first region and alters a base trigger voltage and a base holding voltage into an altered trigger voltage and an altered holding voltage. A first terminal or pad is connected to the second region. A second terminal is connected to the third region, the fourth region, and the trigger element. In operation, the first terminal conducts current to the second terminal during a low impedance state in response to the altered trigger voltage being applied to the first terminal.
US07728348B2	Substrate having thin film of GaN joined thereon and method of fabricating the same, and a GaN-based semiconductor device and method of fabricating the same There is provided a method of producing a thin GaN film-joined substrate, including the steps of: joining on a GaN bulk crystalline body a substrate different in type or chemical composition from GaN; and dividing the GaN bulk crystalline body at a plane having a distance of at least 0.1 μm and at most 100 μm from an interface thereof with the substrate different in type, to provide a thin film of GaN on the substrate different in type, wherein the GaN bulk crystalline body had a surface joined to the substrate different in type, that has a maximum surface roughness Rmax of at most 20 μm. Thus a GaN-based semiconductor device including a thin GaN film-joined substrate including a substrate different in type and a thin film of GaN joined firmly on the substrate different in type, and at least one GaN-based semiconductor layer deposited on the thin film of GaN, can be fabricated at low cost.
US07728345B2	Semiconductor light source for illuminating a physical space including a 3-dimensional lead frame A semiconductor light source for illuminating physical spaces can include a lead frame with multiple facets. Each facet can have one or more semiconductor light emitting devices located on it.
US07728344B2	Light emitting diode A light emitting diode includes a reflective cup, an LED chip, and many electrodes, a first light scattering layer, and a phosphor layer. The reflective cup includes a bottom and a sidewall extending from the bottom. The LED chip is received in the reflective cup and mounted on the bottom thereof for emitting first light of a first wavelength. The electrodes each has a first end electrically connected to the LED chip and an opposite second end exposed at an outer surface of the reflective cup. The first light scattering layer formed in the reflective cup on the bottom thereof and covering the LED chip, which has a concave surface at an opposite side thereof to the LED chip. The phosphor layer formed on the concave surface of the light scattering layer for converting part of the first light into second light of a second wavelength.
US07728342B2	Light emitting apparatus method for producing it and assembly incorporating it A light emitting apparatus including a substrate, at least one light emitting diode chip mounted on the substrate, a light-transmitting member disposed on the substrate to form a space between the light-transmitting member and the substrate, and a resin disposed in the space to seal the light emitting diode chip, the light-transmitting member including at least one resin-injection inlet and at least one air vent, the space being filled with the resin injected into the space through the resin-injection inlet.
US07728334B2	Semiconductor device and manufacturing method thereof A TFT is manufactured using at least five photomasks in a conventional liquid crystal display device, and therefore the manufacturing cost is high.By performing the formation of the pixel electrode 127, the source region 123 and the drain region 124 by using three photomasks in three photolithography steps, a liquid crystal display device prepared with a pixel TFT portion, having a reverse stagger type n-channel TFT, and a storage capacitor can be realized.
US07728331B2	Thin film transistor panel and manufacturing method thereof A thin film transistor array panel including a substrate, a gate line and a gate-layer signal transmitting line of a gate driving circuit portion formed on the substrate, a gate insulating layer formed on the gate line and the gate-layer signal transmitting line and having a first contact hole exposing a portion of the gate-layer signal transmitting line, a semiconductor layer formed on the gate insulating layer, a data line including a source electrode, and a drain electrode formed on the gate insulating layer and the semiconductor layer, a data-layer signal transmitting line of the gate driving circuit portion formed on the gate insulating layer and connected to the gate-layer signal transmitting line through the first contact hole, a pixel electrode connected to the drain electrode, and a passivation layer formed on the data line, the drain electrode, and the data-layer signal transmitting line of the driving circuit portion. The data line, the drain electrode, and the data-layer signal transmitting line have a triple-layered structure including a lower layer, an intermediate layer, and an upper layer. The lower layer is made of a same layer as the pixel electrode.
US07728329B2	Thin film transistor array panel for X-ray detector A thin film transistor array panel for an X-ray detector includes a dummy pixel including a photo diode and a TFT for detecting leakage current. The photo diode includes first and second electrodes (178,195) facing each other and a photo-conductive layer (800) disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. The TFT includes a semiconductor layer (150), a gate electrode (123), a source electrode (173) connected to a data line, a drain electrode (175) connected to the photo diode. The dummy pixel further includes a light blocking layer (196) for blocking light incident on the photo diode. Alternatively, the semiconductor layer is disconnected between the source electrode and the drain electrode.
US07728325B2	Display device A display device includes an insulating substrate including a display region, at least one pad disposed in a non-display region on the insulating substrate which applies a voltage to the display region, a connecting part which is electrically connects at least two pads or at least two portions of the pad; and a power supply unit which applies the voltage to the pad.
US07728323B2	Nitride-based semiconductor substrate, method of making the same and epitaxial substrate for nitride-based semiconductor light emitting device A nitride-based semiconductor substrate has a substrate formed of a nitride-based semiconductor crystal having a mixed crystal composition with three elements or more. The substrate has a diameter of not less than 25 mm, and a thermal resistivity in a range of 0.02 Kcm2/W to 0.5 Kcm2/W in its thickness direction.
US07728322B2	Programmable metallization cell structures including an oxide electrolyte, devices including the structure and method of forming same A microelectronic programmable structure suitable for storing information, a device including the structure and methods of forming and programming the structure are disclosed. The programmable structure generally includes an oxide ion conductor and a plurality of electrodes. Electrical properties of the structure may be altered by applying energy to the structure, and thus information may be stored using the structure.
US07728320B2	Semiconductor memory device and phase change memory device A phase change memory (PCM) device includes a substrate, bottom electrodes disposed in the substrate, a first dielectric layer disposed on the substrate, second dielectric layers, third dielectric layers, cup-shaped thermal electrodes, top electrodes, and PC material spacers. In the PCM device, each cup-shaped thermal electrode contacts with each bottom electrode. Second and third dielectric layers are disposed over the substrate in different directions, wherein each of the second and third dielectric layers covers a portion of the area surrounded by each cup-shaped thermal electrode, and the third dielectric layers overlay the second dielectric layers. The top electrodes are disposed on the third dielectric layers, wherein a plurality of stacked structure composed of the third dielectric layers and the top electrodes are formed thereon. The PC material spacers are formed on the sidewalls of each stacked structure and physically and electrically contact the cup-shaped thermal electrodes and the top electrodes.
US07728318B2	Nonvolatile phase change memory cell having a reduced contact area A nonvolatile memory cell having a contact area between a phase-change material such as a chalcogenide and a heat source which is smaller than photolithographic limits is described. To form this cell, a conductive or semiconductor pillar is exposed at a dielectric surface and recessed by selective etch. A thin, conformal layer of a spacer material is deposited on the dielectric top surface, the pillar top surface, and the sidewalls of the recess, then removed from horizontal surfaces by anistropic etch, leaving a spacer on the sidewalls defining a reduced volume within the recess. The phase change material is deposited within the spacer, having a reduced contact area to the underlying conductive or semiconductor pillar.
US07728316B2	Integrated proximity sensor and light sensor Apparatuses and methods to sense proximity and to detect light. In one embodiment, an apparatus includes an emitter of electromagnetic radiation and a detector of electromagnetic radiation; the detector is configured to detect electromagnetic radiation from the emitter when the apparatus is configured to sense proximity, and the emitter is disabled at least temporarily to allow the detector to detect electromagnetic radiation from a source other than the emitter, such as ambient light. In one implementation of this embodiment, the ambient light is measured by measuring infrared wavelengths. Other apparatuses and methods and data processing systems and machine readable media are also described.
US07728315B2	Radiation attenuation corridor A radiation attenuation corridor couples a radiation therapy room and a control room. The radiation attenuation corridor is made of a material that substantially absorbs ionizing radiation and substantially blocks the transmission of the ionizing radiation. Specific wall portions at the entrance of the corridor are covered with borated polyethylene (BPE). Specific wall portions diverge from an axis defined by the corridor by from about 10 degrees to about 45 degrees. The corridor thus leads out of the room and angles laterally across the wall of the therapy room, before angling again and opening to a safe room. The added angles in the radiation corridor increase the distance of radiation travel, and make the path more indirect, thereby increasing the contact of the radiation emissions with the radiation shielding and further attenuating the radiation.
US07728314B2	Infra-red source and gas sensor An infrared source and a gas sensor, a first layer and a second layer effecting bandpass filter characteristics for an operating frequency range.
US07728312B2	Apparatus and method for partial ion implantation An apparatus and method for partial ion implantation, which desirably provide control over the energy of the implanted dopants, generally includes an ion beam generator, and first and second deceleration units. The first deceleration unit decelerates the energy of an ion beam generated by the ion beam generator; and a subsequent, second deceleration unit further decelerates the energy into different energy levels according to regions of a wafer into which the ions are to be implanted.
US07728311B2	Charged particle radiation therapy Among other things, an accelerator is mounted on a gantry to enable the accelerator to move through a range of positions around a patient on a patient support. The accelerator is configured to produce a proton or ion beam having an energy level sufficient to reach any arbitrary target in the patient from positions within the range. The proton or ion beam passes essentially directly from the accelerator to the patient. In some examples, the synchrocyclotron has a superconducting electromagnetic structure that generates a field strength of at least 6 Tesla, produces a beam of particles having an energy level of at least 150 MeV, has a volume no larger than 4.5 cubic meters, and has a weight less than 30 Tons.
US07728310B2	Method for the chemical separation of GE-68 from its daughter Ga-68 The present invention is directed to a generator apparatus for separating a daughter gallium-68 radioisotope substantially free of impurities from a parent gernanium-68 radioisotope, including a first resin-containing column containing parent gernanium-68 radioisotope and daughter gallium-68 radioisotope, a source of first eluent connected to said first resin-containing column for separating daughter gallium-68 radioisotope from the first resin-containing column, said first eluent including citrate whereby the separated gallium is in the form of gallium citrate, a mixing space connected to said first resin-containing column for admixing a source of hydrochloric acid with said separated gallium citrate whereby gallium citrate is converted to gallium tetrachloride, a second resin-containing column for retention of gallium-68 tetrachloride, and, a source of second eluent connected to said second resin-containing column for eluting the daughter gallium-68 radioisotope from said second resin-containing column.
US07728307B2	Measurement and treatment of a signal comprising stacks of elementary pulses The invention relates to a method of measurement, comprising treatment of a signal consisting of a succession of temporally spaced main pulses, having a duration D and energy E, which can each consist of a stack of elementary pulses having a duration Di and whose energy is evaluated by a variable Ei having an additivity property, wherein said elementary pulses have instants of appearance Ti following a homogeneous Poisson process of an intensity λ, characterized in that said method comprises the following steps: digitization of the signal; measurement of the duration D and energy E for each main pulse in order to create duration-energy pairs (D,E); determination of the energy pairs (Di,Ei) of the elementary pulses from the constructed pairs (D, E); deduction of energy Ei of each elementary pulse from the determined pairs (Di,Ei). The invention also relates to a signal analysis device comprising means which can implement the method according to the invention.
US07728306B2	Neutron logging tool having source and target with deuterium-tritium gas admixture An accelerator-based neutron tool is provided. The tool includes a deuterium-tritium gas mixture such that the tool outputs a desired ratio of 2.45 MeV and 14 MeV neutrons.
US07728304B2	Method of making segmented contacts for radiation detectors using direct photolithography A method is provided for fabricating contacts on semiconductor substrates by direct lithography that results in durable adhesion of the electrodes, increased interpixel resistance and the electrodes which act as a blocking contact, thereby providing for improved energy resolution in a resultant radiation detector.
US07728303B2	Radiation imaging device Wiring substrates 11 and 12 are positioned on a fixed base 10 in a manner such that there is a step between the wiring substrates, and radiation imaging elements 2 and 3, respectively having scintillators 25 and 35 deposited on photosensitive portions 21 and 31, are respectively mounted on the wiring substrates 11 and 12. The radiation imaging element 2 is positioned so that its setting surface protrudes beyond a radiation incident surface of the radiation imaging element 3, and the photosensitive portion 21 of the radiation imaging element 2 and the photosensitive portion 31 of the radiation imaging element 3 are juxtaposed to a degree to which the portions do not overlap. The photosensitive portion 21 of the radiation imaging element 2 extends close to an edge at the radiation imaging element 3 side and the scintillator 25 of substantially uniform thickness is formed up to this position.
US07728301B2	X-ray detector An X-ray detector includes: a semiconductor substrate to generate charged particles by an irradiation of an X-ray; a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged in matrix on an X-ray incident surface of the semiconductor substrate and applied with a first electric potential to detect the charged particles; and a platy electrode provided on a surface opposite to the X-ray incident surface of the semiconductor substrate and applied with a second electric potential different from the first electric potential.
US07728300B2	Radiation image detector In a radiation image detector including a voltage-applied electrode, to which a voltage is applied, and a semiconductor layer for generating charges by irradiation with radiation, which are superposed one on the other, a charge injection prevention layer that covers at least the edge of the voltage-applied electrode is provided. Further, a protruding electrode is provided on the upper surface of the charge injection prevention layer in such a manner that the side surface of an edge of the protruding electrode is located on the outer side of the side surface of the edge of the voltage-applied electrode and the side surface of the other edge of the protruding electrode is located at the position of the side surface of the edge of the voltage-applied electrode or on the inner side thereof.
US07728296B2	Spectroscopy apparatus and associated technique Apparatus and method for detecting an explosive material, involving irradiating an object with a continuous wave (CW) or pulsed beam of Terahertz radiation, preferably in the frequency range of 100 GHz to 100 THz and detecting radiation transmitted and/or reflected from the object. A spectrum is constructed from the detected radiation, which is indicative of a fundamental property of the explosive material. This constructed spectrum is compared with one or more known spectra of explosive materials to determine whether a likeness exists.
US07728294B2	Semiconductor wafer inspection tool and semiconductor wafer inspection method A semiconductor wafer inspection tool and a semiconductor wafer inspection method capable of conducting an inspection under appropriate conditions in any one of an NVC (Negative Voltage Contrast) mode and a PVC (Positive Voltage Contrast) mode is provided. Primary electrons 2 are irradiated onto a wafer to be inspected 6 and the irradiation position thereof is scanned in an XY direction. Secondary electrons (or reflected electrons) 10 from the wafer to be inspected 6 are controlled by a charge control electrode 5 and detected by a sensor 11. An image processor converts a detection signal from the sensor 11 to a detected image, compares the detected image with a predetermined reference image, judges defects, an overall control section 14 selects inspection conditions from recipe information for each wafer to be inspected 6 and sets a voltage to be applied to the charge control electrode 5. A Z stage 8 sets the distance between the wafer to be inspected 6 and the charge control electrode 5 according to this voltage.
US07728291B2	Detection of heavy oil using fluorescence polarization Viscous oil residues are located based on fluorescence polarization. Methods and apparatus in accordance with the invention may be integrated with autonomous and remotely operated undersea vehicles to map the location of oil spills.
US07728289B2	Mass spectroscopy device and mass spectroscopy system A mass spectroscopy device constituted by a first reflector which is partially transparent and partially reflective, a transparent body, and a second reflector which is reflective. The first reflector and the second reflector are arranged on opposite sides of the transparent body so as to form an optical resonator in such a manner that when a specimen containing an analyte subject to mass spectroscopy is arranged in contact with a surface of the first reflector, and the surface is irradiated with measurement light, optical resonance occurs in the optical resonator, and intensifies an electric field on the surface, and the intensified electric field desorbs the analyte from the surface.
US07728288B2	Mass spectrometry This invention relates to a mass spectrometer including a reaction cell and to a method of using such a mass spectrometer. In particular, although not exclusively, this invention relates to a tandem mass spectrometer and to tandem mass spectrometry. The invention provides a method of mass spectrometry using a mass spectrometer having a longitudinal axis, comprising guiding ions to travel along the longitudinal axis of the mass spectrometer in a forwards direction to pass through an intermediate ion store and then to enter a reaction cell, to process the ions within the reaction cell, to eject the processed ions to travel back along the longitudinal axis to enter the intermediate ion store once more, and to eject one or more pulses of the processed ions in an off-axis direction to a mass analyser.
US07728287B2	Imaging mass spectrometer with mass tags A method of analyzing biological material by exposing the biological material to a recognition element, that is coupled to a mass tag element, directing an ion beam of a mass spectrometer to the biological material, interrogating at least one region of interest area from the biological material and producing data, and distributing the data in plots.
US07728286B2	System and method for measuring properties of extracted earth formation material using pulse neutron spectroscopy A method for monitoring a composition of hydrocarbon material extracted from an earth formation is disclosed. The method includes: extracting the hydrocarbon material from the earth formation; diverting a portion of the hydrocarbon material into a container, the container including a pulse neutron spectroscopy tool disposed therein; emitting a plurality of pulses of high-energy neutrons from the pulse neutron spectroscopy tool into the portion of the hydrocarbon material and inducing at least one gamma ray spectrum from the portion; detecting the at least one gamma ray spectrum at the pulse neutron spectroscopy tool; and calculating a composition of the hydrocarbon material based on the at least one gamma ray spectrum. A system for monitoring a composition of hydrocarbon material extracted from an earth formation is also disclosed.
US07728278B2	Photosensitive cell with light guide An integrated circuit having a photosensitive cell with an entry face, a photosensitive element and at least two elements forming a light guide and placed between the entry face and the photosensitive element. The second element is located between the first element and the entry face such that the two elements guide the light coming from the entry face onto the photosensitive element and each element forms a light guide. The inner volume has a first surface located on the same side as the photosensitive element, a second surface located on the same side as the entry face, and a lateral surface joining said first surface to said second surface and separating the inner volume from the outer volume. The first surface of the inner volume of the second element has a smaller area than that of the second surface of the inner volume of the first element.
US07728276B2	Vehicle rearview mirror system A vehicle rearview mirror system includes a transflective reflective element, an ambient light sensor that senses ambient light and a glare light sensor that senses glare light. A control circuit establishes a reflectance level of the reflective element, and the control circuit is responsive to light detection by at least one of the ambient light sensor and the glare light sensor. A display element is disposed behind the reflective element and operable to display information through the reflective element and viewable through the mirror reflector of the reflective element by a driver of the vehicle when the display element displays information, and substantially non-viewable by the driver of the vehicle when the display element does not display information. A display intensity control adjusts display intensity responsive to a light detection by at least one of the glare light sensor and the ambient light sensor.
US07728274B2	Imaging system with negative electron affinity photocathode A viewing system configured to combine multiple spectral images of a scene, the system includes a spectral beam separator configured to split an incoming beam of radiation into a first and a second beam of radiation, the first beam of radiation including radiations substantially in a first spectral band and the second beam of radiation including radiations substantially in a second spectral band; an image intensifier configured to intensify the second beam of radiation, the image intensifier including a photocathode configured to produce a flux of photoelectrons with substantially increased efficiency when exposed to the second beam of radiation, the photocathode constructed and arranged to substantially absorb all the radiations in the second beam of radiation; a current amplifier configured to amplify the flux of photoelectrons; and a display system configured to display an image of the scene in the second spectral band based on the amplified flux of electrons simultaneously with an image of the scene in the first spectral band.
US07728272B2	Method for operating of a photoelectric sensor array having exposure interruption time periods A method for operating a sensor array of pixels which each generate a content corresponding to light incident thereon over an exposure period includes the following operations. The pixels are arranged into first and second regions and are reset such that the contents are cleared. The pixels are then exposed to receive light for a first exposure period. The exposure is then interrupted during which the content of each pixel in the first region is read. The pixels are then exposed to receive light for a second exposure period. The exposure is then interrupted during which the content of each pixel in the second region is read. The exposing and interrupting are performed without resetting the pixels such that the read content of each first region pixel depends on the first exposure period and the read content of each second region pixel depends on the first and second exposure periods.
US07728271B2	Pixel with spatially varying sensor positions An image sensor including a substrate, at least one metal layer, and a plurality of pixels arranged in array. Each pixel includes a sense element disposed in the substrate and at least one metal interconnect segment disposed in the at least one metal layer. The array includes a pair of perpendicular axes extending from an optical center, wherein for a line of pixels extending perpendicularly from one of the axes to a peripheral edge of the array a spacing between the sense elements of consecutive pairs of pixels of the line is at least equal to a spacing between the associated at least one metal interconnect segments, and wherein for at least one consecutive pair of pixels of the line the spacing between the sense elements is greater by an incremental amount than the spacing between the corresponding at least one metal interconnect segments.
US07728270B2	Microscopy method and microscope including two detections A microscopy method is provided for generating an image of an image field passing in a predetermined depth of a sample to be examined, comprising a plurality of illumination steps, in which a part of the image field is in each case illuminated with a focused illumination beam bundle, which effects the generation of sample radiation on account of an interaction with the sample, detection steps, in which the sample radiation generated is detected, and an evaluation step, in which the image is generated on the basis of the sample radiation detected, wherein a first and second detection step are carried out during each illumination step, wherein sample radiation generated at the focus and outside the focus is detected in the first detection step and a smaller proportion of the sample radiation generated at the focus than in the first detection step and also sample radiation generated outside the focus are detected in the second detection step, and wherein the sample radiation detected in the second detection step is used in the evaluation step to reduce the proportion outside the focus in the sample radiation detected in the first detection step.
US07728268B2	Solid-state imaging device and electronic device A solid-state imaging device including a number of pixels, each of which having a photoelectric converting portion, and which are arranged one-dimensionally or in a two-dimensional matrix. The solid-state imaging device includes a peripheral wiring portion with a multilayer structure provided around at least part of the photoelectric converting portion in each of the number of pixels and a light-shielding interlayer connecting material connecting layers of the multilayer structure to each other at least part of the peripheral wiring portion. The light-shielding interlayer connecting material is capable of reflecting or absorbing visible light.
US07728264B2	Precision targeting The disclosed system, device and method for targeting and measurement of stationary target locations in addition to prediction of moving target positions for given weapon intercept times generally includes: a target location system (TLS) configured with a computing device, a GPS receiver, mapping software, calibration software and digital filtering software. Disclosed features and specifications may be variously controlled, adapted or otherwise optionally modified to improve target acquisition and engagement. Exemplary embodiments of the present invention generally provide for improved accuracy of range finders, magnetometers and inclinometers as well as for improved prediction of moving target positions.
US07728263B2	Process of controlling an operation of electric kettle A process of controlling an operation of an electric kettle includes the steps of initializing a microprocessor to detect a water temperature via a temperature sensor to set a system parameter; checking a status of a control circuit; determining a preserve temperature of the water; verifying the temperature sensor to protect the temperature sensor from being burnt; determining a condition of the water whether the water is needed to be heated up or preserved; and sending out a control signal to the control circuit in responsive to the condition of the water to heat up the water or maintain the water at the preserve temperature. Therefore, the present invention is adapted to accurately control the whole process of the electric kettle.
US07728259B2	Method and device for heat treating a shaped part A brake lining comprises a lining support plate, an underlayer material and a friction lining. The brake lining is clamped between a pressure plate and a holding fixture, which forms a hole matrix and inside of which electrodes are accommodated. A power supply is connected to the electrodes. The adjacent electrodes have different polarities. A current flow is produced between adjacent electrodes as a result of the different polarities. The field lines extend in the shape of an arch. An arrangement of this type permits the friction lining to be scorched. For hardening, a potential gradient can also be applied between the electrodes and the support plate. The current then flows and the entire friction lining is permeated. This results in a homogenous heating of the friction lining. The invention enables an efficient hardening of the friction lining. It is also possible to conduct a hardening and scorching simultaneously. The invention also enables the friction lining to be pressed during the heat treatment.
US07728256B2	Silicon crystallization apparatus and silicon crystallization method thereof A novel silicon crystallization apparatus and a silicon crystallization method renders it is possible to form alignment key without additional photolithography, and to adjust a substrate to a correct position by sensing a deviation of the substrate when the substrate is loaded. The silicon crystallization apparatus includes a moving stage being moved in a horizontal direction, and a fixing plate provided in the moving stage, to fix a substrate. A rotating frame is provided in the moving stage, to rotate the fixing plate.
US07728254B2	Method for controlling the quality of industrial processes, in particular laser-welding processes A method for controlling the quality of an industrial process, of the type that comprises the steps of: providing one or more reference signals for the industrial process; acquiring one or more real signals that are indicative of the quality of said industrial process; and comparing said one or more reference signals with said one or more real signals in order to identify defects in said industrial process. According to the invention, the method moreover comprises the operations of: obtaining a transformed signal from said reference signal; obtaining a transformed signal from said real signal; and calculating energies of said transformed reference signal and said real signal, respectively, said comparison operation comprising: comparing with one another said energies of said transformed reference signal and said transformed real signal, respectively, in order to extract corresponding time-frequency distributions for selected frequency values; calculating energies of said time-frequency distributions; and comparing the energies of said time-frequency distributions with threshold values in order to identify energy values associated to defects.
US07728251B2	Plasma processing apparatus with dielectric plates and fixing member wavelength dependent spacing In a plasma processing apparatus, electromagnetic waves are radiated from slots of waveguides into a processing chamber via dielectric windows that are supported on beams, thereby generating a plasma. A substrate, which is an object of processing, is processed by the generated plasma. Dielectric plates are attached to those surfaces of the beams, which are opposed to the processing chamber. The thickness of each dielectric plate is set at ½ or more of the intra-dielectric wavelength of the electromagnetic waves. Using the plasma processing apparatus, a large-area processing can uniformly be performed.
US07728249B2	Arrangement of a stress transducer on one arm of welding pliers, and method for mounting said stress transducer An arrangement of a stress transducer (8) mountable on one arm (31) of welding pliers, wherein an insert (10) is positioned between the arm (31) of the pliers and the stress transducer (8). A method for mounting said stress transducer is also provided.
US07728247B2	Switching device A switching device is disclosed which includes a frame, a first connector and a second connector, the first connector and the second connector extending from inside the frame outside the frame. The first and the second connector are electrically connected to one another, and one or more gas flow openings are provided in the frame and arranged for a gas flow produced by a switching event. In its portion remaining inside the frame, the first connector includes a hole provided for said gas flow.
US07728246B2	Delivery point sequencer and method of use Device for sequencing disparate products, includes at least a first feeder mechanism feeding a first separate stream of a first product type in a pre-sequenced order. At least a second feeder mechanism feeds a second separate stream of second product type though a sequencing process. At least one reading device reads product information of the first product type and the second product type. A pausing device pauses, on one of the first feeder mechanism and the second feeder mechanism, one of the first separate stream of the first product type in the pre-sequenced order and the second separate stream of the second product type in a first pass sort order of the sequencing process based on the information read from the at least one reading device to enable the first product type and the second product type to be intermixed into a stream forming a merged stream of sequenced first and second product type.
US07728245B2	Multi-machine mail sorting system A sorting system using multiple sorters operating as part of a single, multi-sorting machine unified system. The system according to the invention includes a plurality of input sections capable of operating in parallel, each including a feeder that takes in mail pieces one at a time and a scanner that scans each mail piece for destination indicia, a plurality of stackers each comprising at least one row of pockets, a control system that determines a destination pocket in the stacker for each mail piece based on a predetermined sort scheme and the destination indicia, and a routing system effective to route mail in accordance with the sort scheme from any input section to any pocket of a stacker.
US07728241B2	Electronic apparatus An electronic apparatus, an imaging apparatus, and a printer are provided. The electronic apparatus includes a main body case; a cover that is provided on the main body case so as to be openable and closable; a button, which is provided on the cover, for making a pressing operation; and a switch that is provided on the main body case, the switch being pressed by receiving a pressing force from the button in a state where the cover is closed.
US07728240B2	Electrical control device An electrical control device is described.
US07728234B2	Coreless thin substrate with embedded circuits in dielectric layers and method for manufacturing the same A coreless thin substrate with embedded circuits in dielectric layers is provided. The substrate includes a plurality of first patterned dielectric layers with embedded circuits, and at least a second patterned dielectric layer with embedded conducting elements. The second patterned dielectric layer is disposed between the first patterned dielectric layers, such that the embedded conducting elements electrically conduct the circuits of the first patterned dielectric layers through thermal lamination. Thus, a conventional through-hole formation process after the thermal lamination is skipped, and the substrate has a thinner and flatter profile. In one embodiment, the first patterned dielectric layers are inkjet printed layers with negative images. Moreover, the embedded circuits are flush with and exposed from an upper surface and a lower surface of the corresponding first dielectric layers.
US07728232B2	Printed circuit board assembly having adhesive layer An exemplary adhesive layer includes an adhesive main body having a first adhesive surface and a second adhesive surface on an opposite side of the adhesive main body to the first adhesive surface. The adhesive main body defines a number of through-holes between the first adhesive surface and the second adhesive surface therein. The through-holes are filled with an inner adhesive that has a higher adhesion than the adhesive main body. Adhesiveness of the first adhesive surface and the second adhesive surface of the adhesive main body can be improved, thereby preventing a printed circuit board having the adhesive layer from distortion.
US07728228B2	Alien crosstalk suppression with enhanced patchcord Systems and methods for decreasing alien crosstalk use enhanced patch cords for introducing additional attenuation. The enhanced patch cords are preferably shielded to reduce alien crosstalk down their lengths and also attenuate signals passing therethrough to a greater extent than standard communication patch cords. The interaction of two enhanced patch cords results in two suppression steps for alien crosstalk and only one suppression step for intended signal passing through a communication cable.
US07728227B2	Method for covering an elongate object and device for covering said elongate object The present invention relates to a method for covering an elongate object in particular an electric cable or a pipe. The method includes providing a covering assembly which includes a tubular elastic covering element having at least one end which is folded to define at least one backward folded portion and at least one forward folded portion; a first supporting element which is arranged radially internal to the covering element and which holds the covering element in a radially stretched condition, and a second supporting element which is coaxially arranged around the first supporting element, the second supporting element holding said forward folded portion of the tubular elastic covering element in a radially stretched condition; removing the first supporting element to allow the sleeve to gradually collapse onto the elongate object.
US07728223B2	Flat cable for mounted display devices A flat high definition multimedia interface (HDMI) cable. The flat cable that is less visible in comparison to a round HDMI cable for wall mounted television setup. An HDMI connector is coupled to the flat cable. An active circuit isolates physical characteristics of the HDMI connector. The active circuit causes the flat cable to appear shorter than its actual length during HDMI compliance testing using impedance testing. Moreover, the active circuit causes a consumer electronic control (CEC) line, a display data channel (DDC) line and transition minimized differential signal (TMDS) line to actively terminate for reducing parasitic capacitance from the length of the flat cable during HDMI compliance testing. Thus, the isolation allows the flat cable to satisfy HDMI compliant testing. The flat cable may be selected from a group consisting of ribbon cable, twisted pair cable, flexible printed circuit board, micro coax cable, optical cable and glass fiber cable.
US07728221B2	Solar power generating device A solar power generating device includes a first conductive body, a second conductive body and an insulating body sequentially disposed on the first conductive body, and a solar energy converting unit. The first conductive body has a conducting post upward projected from a hollow sleeve portion of the insulating body and a through opening of the second conductive body, so that a conducting section at a top of the conducting post is exposed at the insulating sleeve portion. The solar energy converting unit is mounted on the conducting section of the first conductive body and in electric contact with the second conductive body. With these arrangements, the solar power generating device may be mounted on a circuit board without the need of distinguishing the polarities of electrodes, and can therefore be easily mounted to and dismounted from the circuit board and be conveniently replaced when necessary.
US07728219B2	Photovoltaic cells, modules and methods of making same A photovoltaic cell has electrodes, p- and n-junctions, and a heat sink. The heat sink is on a side of the cell opposite to the light-receiving side of the photovoltaic cell. The photovoltaic cell may also have heat-conducting channels within an interior of the photovoltaic cell that conduct heat from the interior of the photovoltaic cell to the heat sink. The heat sink can remove heat caused by light absorbed by the photovoltaic cell but not converted to electricity as well as heat generated by resistance to high current passing through electrodes of the photovoltaic cell. A module formed of such cells can exhibit greater energy conversion efficiency as a result of the ability to dissipate the heat. A method of making a solar cell or module involves e.g. laminating a heat sink to a photovoltaic cell as described above.
US07728218B2	High efficiency thermoelectric power generation using Zintl-type materials The invention disclosed herein relates to thermoelectrically-active p-type Zintl phase materials as well as devices utilizing such compounds. Such thermoelectric materials and devices may be used to convert thermal energy into electrical energy, or use electrical energy to produce heat or refrigeration. Embodiments of the invention relate to p-type thermoelectric materials related to the compound Yb14MnSb11.
US07728217B2	Sound generator for producing a sound from a new note A sound generator including a plurality of synthesis generators each configured to generate a sound from a note, and a dynamic voice allocation circuit configured to select a new note to be supplied to the plurality of synthesis generators depending on a priority that is associated with the new note and the generated sounds and the volumes of the generated sounds.
US07728215B2	Playback apparatus and playback method A playback apparatus includes: a first acquiring unit acquiring sound content data; a second acquiring unit acquiring additional information corresponding to the sound content data acquired by the first acquiring unit; and a signal processor performing signal processing on the sound content data acquired by the first acquiring unit on the basis of the additional information acquired by the second acquiring unit and for outputting the processed sound content data.
US07728214B2	Using music to influence a person's exercise performance Aspects of the invention use music to influence a person's performance in a physical workout. A computing device receives and analyzes data indicating current physiology and movement of the user in order to provide a music piece that will influence the user to speed up, slow down, or maintain current pace so to achieve a desired exercise performance level. Information specific to the user may be considered in providing the music piece.
US07728212B2	Music piece creation apparatus and method Music piece data composed of audio waveform data are stored in a memory. Analysis section analyzes the music piece data stored in the memory to determine sudden change points of sound condition in the music piece data. Display device displays individual sound fragment data, obtained by dividing the music piece data at the sudden change points, in a menu format having the sound fragment data arranged therein in order of their complexity. Through user's operation via an operation section, desired sound fragment data is selected from the menu displayed on the display device, and a time-axial position where the selected sound fragment data is to be positioned is designated. New music piece data set is created by each user-selected sound fragment data being positioned at a user-designated time-axial position.
US07728209B1	Stringed instrument wireless communication device and method of use A stringed instrument wireless communication device includes a wireless communication device housing including a front; graphical elements on the front corresponding to data to be input into the wireless communication device; and a stringed instrument keypad including a plurality of frets extending along the front of the wireless communication device housing and a plurality of strings extending substantially perpendicular to and above the plurality of frets. The graphical elements are respectively disposed on the front between frets and adjacent to the strings, and the stringed instrument keypad is configured to input data corresponding to a pressed string and a graphical element adjacent to the pressed string.
US07728206B2	Cotton variety 05T103 The invention relates to the novel cotton variety designated 05T103. Provided by the invention are the seeds, plants, plant parts and derivatives of the cotton variety 05T103. Also provided by the invention are tissue cultures of the cotton variety 05T103 and the plants regenerated therefrom. Still further provided by the invention are methods for producing cotton plants by crossing the cotton variety 05T103 with itself or another cotton variety and plants produced by such methods.
US07728205B1	Soybean cultivar 04RM822242 The present invention is in the field of soybean cultivar 04RM822242 breeding and development. The present invention particularly relates to the soybean cultivar 04RM822242 and its progeny, and methods of making 04RM822242.
US07728202B2	Soybean cultivar S070158 A soybean cultivar designated S070158 is disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of soybean cultivar S070158, to the plants of soybean S070158, to plant parts of soybean cultivar S070158 and to methods for producing a soybean plant produced by crossing soybean cultivar S070158 with itself or with another soybean variety. The invention also relates to methods for producing a soybean plant containing in its genetic material one or more transgenes and to the transgenic soybean plants and plant parts produced by those methods. This invention also relates to soybean cultivars or breeding cultivars and plant parts derived from soybean variety S070158, to methods for producing other soybean cultivars, lines or plant parts derived from soybean cultivar S070158 and to the soybean plants, varieties, and their parts derived from use of those methods. The invention further relates to hybrid soybean seeds, plants and plant parts produced by crossing the cultivar S070158 with another soybean cultivar.
US07728201B2	Soybean cultivar 7614385 A soybean cultivar designated 7614385 is disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of soybean cultivar 7614385, to the plants of soybean 7614385, to plant parts of soybean cultivar 7614385 and to methods for producing a soybean plant produced by crossing soybean cultivar 7614385 with itself or with another soybean variety. The invention also relates to methods for producing a soybean plant containing in its genetic material one or more transgenes and to the transgenic soybean plants and plant parts produced by those methods. This invention also relates to soybean cultivars or breeding cultivars and plant parts derived from soybean variety 7614385, to methods for producing other soybean cultivars, lines or plant parts derived from soybean cultivar 7614385 and to the soybean plants, varieties, and their parts derived from use of those methods. The invention further relates to hybrid soybean seeds, plants and plant parts produced by crossing the cultivar 7614385 with another soybean cultivar.
US07728200B2	Soybean cultivar 7925118 A soybean cultivar designated 7925118 is disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of soybean cultivar 7925118, to the plants of soybean 7925118, to plant parts of soybean cultivar 7925118 and to methods for producing a soybean plant produced by crossing soybean cultivar 7925118 with itself or with another soybean variety. The invention also relates to methods for producing a soybean plant containing in its genetic material one or more transgenes and to the transgenic soybean plants and plant parts produced by those methods. This invention also relates to soybean cultivars or breeding cultivars and plant parts derived from soybean variety 7925118, to methods for producing other soybean cultivars, lines or plant parts derived from soybean cultivar 7925118 and to the soybean plants, varieties, and their parts derived from use of those methods. The invention further relates to hybrid soybean seeds, plants and plant parts produced by crossing the cultivar 7925118 with another soybean cultivar.
US07728197B1	Soybean cultivar S07-03KG212421 The present invention is in the field of soybean variety S07-03KG212421 breeding and development. The present invention particularly relates to the soybean variety S07-03KG212421 and its progeny, and methods of making S07-03KG212421.
US07728193B2	Phytochrome-interacting protein and a use thereof The present invention relates to a novel protein interacting with phytochromes and use thereof, and more particularly, to a polypeptide having either an amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4 or an amino acid sequence having at least 70% with said amino acid sequence, and use thereof. The polypeptide interacts with phytochromes A and B, and the TPR domain present at the N-terminal region of the polypeptide is involved in the interaction. Also, a PP2A catalytic domain (PP2Ac) having phosphatase activity is present at the C-terminal region of the polypeptide. The polypeptide can be used as a phosphatase, and is useful in the production of plants sensitive to light signal transduction. Furthermore, the TPR domain present in the polypeptide is useful in the production of dwarf plants.
US07728192B2	Process for converting storage reserves of dicotyledonous seeds into compositions comprising one or more gene products The present invention is related to a process based on a source-sink principle, for producing products of interest from crushed or uncrushed germinating dicotyledonous seeds comprising an expression system, which is induced or can be induced during germination. The product is either a seed derived composition comprising one or more gene products. Alternatively, it is a product of interest obtained by placing the composition in contact with a substrate, containing a substance capable of being transformed by the seed derived composition as such, dried or in down-stream processed form.
US07728191B2	Nucleic acid for reducing protein content in rice seed It is intended to provide a method of reducing the total amount of stored protein, to develop a technique required therefor, and to provide a plant and its seeds developed by the above method and a method of using such a plant and seeds. More specifically, a nucleic acid molecule containing a consecutive nucleic acid sequence of at least 15 in length which is complementary with a nucleic acid sequence encoding prolamin polypeptide or a nucleic acid sequence having a homology of at least about 70% to the complementary nucleic acid sequence having at least 15 nucleotide length. A method of reducing the expression dose of a protein in a seed of a plant which comprises: A) the step of providing the above-described nucleic acid molecule; B) the step of transferring the nucleic acid molecule into the cells of the plant; C) the step of re-differentiating the cells to construct a transgenic plant; and D) the step of obtaining seeds from the transgenic plant.
US07728190B1	Amino acid sequence variant alfalfa antifungal protein and its use in plant disease control The present invention relates to an antifungal protein, AlfAFP1, which is a modified form of an antifungal protein isolated from Medicago plants, the modified form exhibiting enhanced anti-fungal activity for controlling fungal pathogenesis in plants. A method for inhibiting fungal colonization of plants is described which includes preparation of nucleotide sequences encoding the modified antifungal protein, preparation of vectors containing the nucleotide coding sequence, and methods for transforming plants with the nucleotide sequences. The polypeptide can be formulated into compositions useful in controlling plant pathogenic fungi.
US07728189B2	Human chronic lymphocytic leukemia modeled in mouse by targeted TCL1 expression Transgenic animals containing a nucleic acid sequence encoding TCL1 operably linked to transcriptional control sequences directing expression to B cells are described. Such transgenic animals provide a useful animal model system for human B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
US07728187B2	Adsorbent and process for the separation of meta-xylene from aromatic hydrocarbons Adsorbents and methods for the adsorptive separation of meta-xylene from a mixture containing at least one other C8 aromatic hydrocarbon (e.g., a mixture of ortho-xylene, meta-xylene, para-xylene, and ethylbenzene) are described. Suitable adsorbents comprise sodium zeolite Y having an average crystallite size from about 50 to about 700 nanometers. The adsorbents provide improved separation efficiency, which may be associated with a higher meta-xylene mass transfer rate and/or other beneficial effects. Exemplary desorbents for use in the process may comprise toluene, benzene, or indan.
US07728185B2	Integration of olefin cracking with metathesis to increase light olefins production A process for increasing the propylene yields for hydrocarbon cracking processes. The process includes adding using alkylation of the C4s coming from the hydrocarbon cracker, and passing larger olefins to an olefin cracking unit.
US07728184B2	Process for the dehydrogenation of alkyl-aromatic hydrocarbons for the production of vinyl-aromatic monomers Process for the production of vinyl-aromatic monomers which comprises: a) feeding an aromatic stream and an olefinic stream to alkylation; b) feeding the reaction product coming from the alkylation section to a first separation section; c) recovering the mono-alkylated aromatic hydrocarbon from the first separation section; d) feeding the mono-alkylated aromatic product to a dehydrogenation section; e) cooling and condensing the reaction gases in the shell of one or more heat exchangers; f) feeding the reaction product coming from the dehydrogenation section to a second separation section; g) recovering the stream of vinyl-aromatic monomer.
US07728183B2	Selectively reacting olefins having a terminal CF2 group in a mixture A process is disclosed for reducing the mole ratio of (1) compounds of the formula Y1Y2C═CF2 wherein Y1 and Y2 are each independently H, F, Cl, Br, C1-C6 alkyl or C1-C6 haloalkyl containing no more than 3 chlorine substituents, 2 bromine substituents and 1 iodo substituent to (2) saturated compounds of the formula CdHeFfClgBrhIk wherein d is an integer from 1 to 10, and e+f+g+h+k is equal to 2d+2, provided that g is 0, 1, 2 or 3, h is 0, 1 or 2 and k is 0 or 1 and/or unsaturated compounds of the formula Y3Y4C═CY5Y6, wherein Y3, Y5 and Y6 are each independently H, F, Cl, Br, C1-C6 alkyl or C1-C6 haloalkyl containing no more than 3 chlorine substituents, 2 bromine substituents and 1 iodo substituent, provided that Y5 and Y6 are not both F, and Y4 is C1-C6 alkyl or C1-C6 haloalkyl containing no more than 3 chlorine substituents, 2 bromine substituents and 1 iodo substituent, in a mixture. The process involves contacting the mixture with at least one selective removal agent selected from the group consisting of SO3 and RSO3H, wherein R is selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, OH, C1-C8 alkyl, C1-C8 fluoroalkyl, and C1-C8 fluoroalkoxyalkyl containing no more than two ether oxygens to selectively react the formula Y1Y2C═CF2 compounds.
US07728182B2	Process for producing hydrocarbon derivative products from feedstock containing hydrocarbons The process for producing a predetermined CXHYOZ product from a primary feedstock containing hydrocarbons and a secondary feedstock is disclosed, wherein X, Y and Z are integers. The process includes the steps of: providing primary feedstock; indirectly heating it generally in the absence of oxygen; cleaning the gas stream produced therefrom by removing CO2 and solids; determining the amount of CO and H2 therein; comparing the percentage of CO and H2 in the cleaned gas stream with the required CO and H2 to produce the predetermined CXHYOZ product; determining the additional of CO and H2 required; determining the secondary feedstock; calculating the amount of CO, H2 and heat produced from the secondary feedstock; partially oxidizing the secondary feedstock to produce heat and a secondary gas stream; combining the CO and H2 from both feedstocks to produce a mixed gas stream; adding a catalyst; and distilling to produce the predetermined CXHYOZ product.
US07728181B2	Method for producing α, β-unsaturated ether Disclosed is a method for producing an α,β-unsaturated ether efficiently and stably for a long time. In the method for producing an α,β-unsaturated ether, an acetal is thermally decomposed in the presence of a catalyst containing an apatite represented by any of the following formula (1)-(4) (M)5−y(HZO4)y(ZO4)3−y(X)1−y (1) (M)5−y(HPO4)y(PO4)3−y(X)1−y (2) (M)5−y+2n(HZO4)y(ZO4)3−y(X)1−y(SiO4)n (3) (M)5−y+m(HZO4)y(ZO4)3−y(X)1−y(CO3)m (4).
US07728177B2	Optically active 3-methylcyclopentadecanone and method for producing intermediate thereof Disclosed is a method for producing an optically active 3-methylcyclopentadecan-1-one which is characterized in that 2-cyclopentadecen-1-one is subjected to a 1,4-conjugate addition reaction of a methyl group by using a methylated organic metal in the presence of a copper catalyst, an enol anion scavenger and a specific optically active phosphoramidite for obtaining an optically active 3-methyl-1-cyclopentadecene derivative, and then the thus-obtained 3-methyl-1-cyclopentadecene derivative is subjected to a solvolysis.
US07728176B2	Process for producing phosphonium borate compound, novel phosphonium borate compound, and method of using the same The invention relates to a phosphonium borate compound represented by Formula (I) (hereinafter, the compound (I)). The invention has objects of providing (A) a novel process whereby the compound is produced safely on an industrial scale, by simple reaction operations and in a high yield; (B) a novel compound that is easily handled; and (C) novel use as catalyst. Formula (I): (R1)(R2)(R3)PH.BAr4 (I) wherein R1, R2, R3 and Ar are as defined in the specification. The process (A) includes reacting a phosphine with a) HCl or b) H2SO4 to produce a) a hydrochloride or b) a sulfate; and reacting the salt with a tetraarylborate compound. The compound (B) has for example a secondary or tertiary alkyl group as R1 and is easily handled in air without special attention. The use (C) is characterized in that the compound (I) is used instead of an unstable phosphine compound of a transition metal complex catalyst for catalyzing C—C bond, C—N bond and C—O bond forming reactions and the compound produces an effect that is equal to that achieved by the transition metal complex catalyst.
US07728173B2	Processes for preparing venlafaxine and venlafaxine hydrochloride of form I A process for preparing venlafaxine in a high yield as well as processes for producing venlafaxine hydrochloride of form I having a very hight polymorphic purity are described.
US07728172B2	Precursor, thin layer prepared including the precursor, method of preparing the thin layer and phase-change memory device A Te precursor containing Te, a 15-group compound (for example, N) and/or a 14-group compound (for example, Si), a method of preparing the Te precursor, a Te-containing chalcogenide thin layer including the Te precursor, a method of preparing the thin layer; and a phase-change memory device. The Te precursor may be deposited at lower temperatures for forming a Te-containing chalcogenide thin layer doped with a 15-group compound (for example, N) and/or a 14-group compound (for example, Si). For example, the Te precursor may employ plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) or plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD) at lower deposition temperatures. The GST phase-change layer doped with a 15-group compound (for example, N) and/or a 14-group compound (for example, Si) formed by employing the Te precursor may have a decreased reset current, and thus when a memory device including the same is employed, its integration may be possible, and operation with higher capacity and/or higher speed may be possible.
US07728169B2	Pharmaceutical compositions of isolated orthorhombic crystalline 4-[6-acetyl-3-[3-(4-acetyl-3-hydroxy-2-propylphenylthio)propoxy]-2-propylphenoxy]butyric acid and methods of use A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of formula (1) in polymorphic crystalline Form A: together with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient, wherein the compound of formula (1) is present in polymorphic Form A (see, e.g., FIG. 6) substantially free of other polymorphic forms.
US07728167B2	Process for the preparation of enantiomerically enriched amino acids The present invention is concerned with the resolution of a mixture of enantiomers of N-protected amino acids by crystallization with enantiomerically pure N-unprotected β-amino acid derivatives.
US07728166B2	Process for the production of metal salts of trifluoromethane sulphonic acid and their use as esterification catalysts The subject matter of the invention is a process for the production of metal salts of trifluoromethane sulphonic acid by reacting trifluoromethane sulphonic acid with a metal alcoholate and the use thereof as esterification catalyst and/or transesterification catalyst for the production of hydroxycarboxylic acid esters.
US07728156B2	Method of performing sugar dehydration and catalyst treatment The invention includes a method of treating a solid acid catalyst. After exposing the catalyst to a mixture containing a sugar alcohol, the catalyst is washed with an organic solvent and is then exposed to a second reaction mixture. The invention includes a process for production of anhydrosugar alcohol. A solid acid catalyst is provided to convert sugar alcohol in a first sample to an anhydrosugar alcohol. The catalyst is then washed with an organic solvent and is subsequently utilized to expose a second sample. The invention includes a method for selective production of an anhydrosugar. A solid acid catalyst is provided within a reactor and anhydrosugar alcohol is formed by flowing a starting sugar alcohol into the reactor. The acid catalyst is then exposed to an organic solvent which allows a greater amount of additional anhydrosugar to be produced than would occur without exposing the acid catalyst to the organic solvent.
US07728155B2	Dihydrobenzofuranyl alkanamines and methods for using same as cns agents Compounds of formula 1 or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof are provided: which are agonists and partial agonists of the 2c subtype of brain serotonin receptors. The compounds, and compositions containing the compounds, can be used to treat a variety of central nervous system disorders such as schizophrenia.
US07728154B2	Process for the preparation of 1-aryl-3,4-dihydro-1H-naphthalene-2-one 1-aryl-3,4-dihydro-1H-naphthalene-2-one is prepared by isomerizing an epoxy compound represented by the following general formula, wherein a is an integer of 0 to 5, b is an integer of 0 to 4, and R1 to R6 are hydrogen atoms or substituents such as alkyl groups, in an organic solvent in the presence of magnesium sulfate. This process makes it possible to prepare the 1-aryl-3,4-dihydro-1H-naphthalene-2-one safely and in a high yield without using highly explosive compounds such as lithium perchlorate.
US07728152B2	Process for producing 2-benzoyloxyacetaldehyde derivative A process produces a 2-benzoyloxyacetaldehyde derivative represented by following Formula (3): wherein R1 and R2 may be the same as or different from each other and are each a hydrocarbon group, wherein R1 and R2 may be combined to form a ring with the adjacent oxygen-carbon-oxygen bond, and wherein the benzene ring in the formula may be substituted, by allowing a halogenated acetaldehyde acetal derivative represented by following Formula (1): wherein R1 and R2 are as defined above; and X represents a halogen atom, to react with a benzoate represented by following Formula (2): wherein M represents an alkali metal atom and wherein the benzene ring in the formula may be substituted, in the presence of an alkali-metal halide.
US07728148B2	Acyclic oximyl hepatitis C protease inhibitors The present invention discloses compounds of formula I or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters, or prodrugs thereof: which inhibit serine protease activity, particularly the activity of hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS3-NS4A protease. Consequently, the compounds of the present invention interfere with the life cycle of the hepatitis C virus and are also useful as antiviral agents. The present invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the aforementioned compounds for administration to a subject suffering from HCV infection. The invention also relates to methods of treating an HCV infection in a subject by administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising the compounds of the present invention.
US07728136B2	Method for the preparation of aryl piperazinyl-heterocyclic compounds A novel method for preparing a compound of formula I which comprises of coupling the piperazine derivative of formula II with alkyl halide containing compound of the formula III by heating in solvent free conditions or, optionally, in a minimum quantity of non-aqueous suspending liquid, in presence of a catalyst and a neutralizing agent to neutralize the hydrohalic acid.
US07728135B2	Synthesis of CCR5 receptor antagonists The present invention is directed to the synthesis of 4-[4-[(R)-[1-[cyclopropylsulfonyl)-4-piperidinyl](3-fluorophenyl)methyl]-3(S)-methyl-1-piperazinyl]-1-[(4,6-dimethyl-5-pyrimidinyl)carbonyl]-4-methylpiperidine], and intermediates therefor from readily available starting materials by a novel route.
US07728134B2	Hydrates and polymorphs of 4[[(7R)-8-cyclopentyl-7-ethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-5-methyl-6-oxo-2-pteridinyl]amino]-3-methoxy-N-(1-methyl-4-piperidinyl)-benzamide, process for their manufacture and their use as medicament Disclosed are hydrates and polymorphs of 4-[[(7R)-8-cyclopentyl-7-ethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-5-methyl-6-oxo-2-pteridinyl]Amino]-3-methoxy-N-(1-methyl-4-piperidinyl)-benzamide: processes for preparing them and their use as pharmaceutical compositions with antiproliferative activity.
US07728132B2	Compositions for stabilizing chlorinated water to sunlight decomposition, and methods of preparation thereof The invention includes a composition for stabilizing chlorinated water to sunlight decomposition, and methods of preparing compositions. The composition is a slurry composition of a monoalkali metal cyanurate, of low viscosity. Two methods of preparing the slurry are described, in which cyanuric acid or cyanuric acid wetcake is mixed with a monoalkali metal base. One method dry blends cyanuric acid or cyanuric acid wetcake with a monoalkali metal base. The invention also describes a method of preparing a dry, solid monoalkali metal cyanurate.
US07728129B2	Processes for the preparation of piperazinyl and diazapanyl benzamide derivatives The present invention is directed to novel processes for the preparation of substituted piperazinyl and diazepanyl benzamides of formula (I), as defined in the specification, useful for the treatment of disorders and conditions mediated by the histamine receptor.
US07728128B2	Dibenzo[c,h][1,5]naphthyridines and their use as DNA probes The present invention concerns novel dibenzo[c,h][1,5]naphthyridine of formula (I) and their use as DNA probes, as well as the methods for marking DNA using the same.
US07728126B2	Purification of beta-lactam products Method for purifying 7α-methoxy-cephalosporins containing as impurity the corresponding 7α-methylthio analogue, which is transformed into its methoxy analogue by treatment with a halogenating agent in methanol. In this way the complete conversion of the sulphurated impurity into the corresponding methoxy analogue is obtained.
US07728123B2	Internal control nucleic acid molecule for nucleic acid amplification systems The invention provides an internal control nucleic acid molecule including at least one forward primer binding site, at least one reverse primer binding site, and at least one amplifiable region, wherein the forward primer binding site, the reverse primer binding site, and the amplifiable region are all randomly generated. The invention also provides a kit that includes at least one internal control nucleic acid molecule of the invention, at least one forward primer, configured to be complementary to the forward primer binding site of the internal control nucleic acid molecule, and at least one reverse primer, configured to be complementary to the reverse primer binding site of the internal control nucleic acid molecule. The invention also provides methods of using the internal control nucleic acid molecules and kits of the invention.
US07728121B2	Hepatitis-C virus type 4, 5 and 6 The present invention relates to a polynucleic acid composition comprising or consisting of at least one polynucleic acid containing 8 or more contiguous nucleotides corresponding to a nucleotide sequence from the region spanning positions 417 to 957 of the Core/E1 region of HCV type 3; and/or the region spanning positions 4664 to 4730 of the NS3 region of HCV type 3; and/or the region spanning positions 4892 to 5292 of the NS3/4 region of HCV type 3; and/or the region spanning positions 8023 to 8235 of the NS5 region of the BR36 subgroup of HCV type 3a; and/or the coding region of HCV type 4a starting at nucleotide 379 in the core region; and/or the coding region of HCV type 4; and/or the coding region of HCV type 5, with said nucleotide numbering being with respect to the numbering of HCV nucleic acids as shown in Table 1, and with said polynucleic acids containing at least one nucleotide difference with known HCV type 1, and/or HCV type 2 genomes in the above-indicated regions, or the complement thereof.
US07728119B2	Nucleotide primer set and nucleotide probe for detecting genotype of methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) There is provided is a nucleotide primer set for LAMP amplification used for detecting genotypes of single-nucleotide polymorphisms C677T and A1298C of an MTHFR gene. There is also provided a nucleotide probe for detecting an amplification product amplified by the primer set according to the present invention. There is also provided a method of detecting the genotypes of the single-nucleotide polymorphisms C677T and A1298C in the MTHFR gene, by using the primer set according to the present invention.
US07728118B2	Synthetic nucleic acid molecule compositions and methods of preparation A method to prepare synthetic nucleic acid molecules having reduced inappropriate or unintended transcriptional characteristics when expressed in a particular host cell.
US07728116B2	Method of preparing an osteogenic protein fraction In a method of isolating osteogenic protein from bone, in which an osteogenic protein-containing fraction is extracted from bone and enriched by a sequence of enrichment steps selected from ultrafiltration and chromatography, the invention provides the improvement of removing higher molecular weight components from the osteogenic protein-containing fraction prior to the enrichment steps. The higher molecular weight components have a molecular weight of about 100-300 kDa and are selected from collagen, collagen fragments, collagen aggregates and mixtures thereof.
US07728110B2	Antibodies to SARS coronavirus The present invention relates to antibodies including human antibodies and antigen-binding portions thereof that specifically bind to human SARS-CoV S protein, and that function to neutralize SARS-CoV. The invention also relates to antibodies that are bispecific, derivatized, single chain antibodies or portions of fusion proteins. The invention also relates to isolated heavy and light chain immunoglobulins derived from human anti-SARS-CoV S protein antibodies and nucleic acid molecules encoding such immunoglobulins. The present invention also relates to methods of using the antibodies and compositions for diagnosis and treatment. The invention also provides gene therapy methods using nucleic acid molecules encoding the heavy and/or light immunoglobulin molecules that comprise the human anti-SARS-CoV S protein antibodies. The invention also relates to transgenic animals or plants comprising nucleic acid molecules of the present invention.
US07728105B2	Peptides impairing PBX dependent gene regulation The present invention relates to peptides which impair PBX-dependent regulation of gene transcription. In particular, the invention provides the use of a peptide comprising the amino acid sequence X1 X2 X3 W M X4 X5 X6 X7, wherein the sequence X1 to X7 is an amino acid sequence comprising at least 9 amino acids, which may optionally be interrupted by one or two amino acid residues between one or more of the 9 amino acid positions defined herein; X1 is selected from W, T, PE, KQI, VV, PQT, H, RI and absent; X2 is an amino acid with an aromatic side chain; X3 is P or D; X4 is an amino acid with a basic side chain; X5 is an amino acid with a charged side chain; X6 is an amino acid with a charged side chain; and X7 is an amino acid with a basic side chain or Serine; in the manufacture of a medicament for treating or preventing a disorder in which aberrant cell division occurs.
US07728096B2	Adhesive having aromatic diisocyanates and aromatic petroleum distillates with low volatility for use in engineered wood products The present invention is an adhesive suitable for use in the production of engineered wood products, said adhesive comprised of an aromatic diisocyanate (99.0-10.0 parts by mass) and an aromatic petroleum distillate (1.0-90.0 parts by mass) with low volatility. The adhesive composition may result in improved coverage or distribution on the outer surface of raw materials, such as strands, particles, flakes, fibers, or veneer.
US07728094B2	Selfassembled grafted polymeric layer for use in biosensor technology A water soluble functional polyethylene glycol-grafted polysiloxane polymer comprising a polysiloxane backbone and polyethylene glycol side chains is provided having the general formula: wherein A is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, methoxy and functional polyethylene glycol based chains, B is a functional group for binding biologically-sensitive materials, D is a functional group for binding to a substrate, m is from 3 to 5, v is from 0 to 5, w is from 4 to 11, x is from 0 to 35 and z is from 1 to 33. In order to be water soluble, the polysiloxane polymer h the following properties: x+y+z is from 8 to 40, n is from 8 to 30, and y is from 7 to 35.
US07728091B2	Polymerization of phosphaalkenes Methods for polymerization of phosphaalkenes using initiators are provided. Also provided are polymers and co-polymers in which the polymer backbone contains tracts of carbon and phosphorous atoms in approximately equimolar amounts. C—P bonds in the polymers of this invention may be predominantly in a head-to-tail arrangement or mixed arrangements. Co-polymers may comprise polyolefin monomer units.
US07728083B1	Aromatic sulfonic acids, amines and nitrophenols in combination with nitroxyl radical-containing compounds or C-nitrosoanilines as polymerization inhibitors Disclosed herein is a method for inhibiting and retarding the premature polymerization and the polymer growth of vinyl aromatic monomers wherein the method comprises adding to said monomers an effective amount of an inhibitor and retarder blend comprising: (A) at least one aromatic sulfonic acid; (B) at least one amine; (C) at least one nitrophenol; and (D) at least one member of the group consisting of nitroxy radical-containing compounds and nitrosoanilines.
US07728081B2	Apparatus for continuous polymerization and method for continuous polymerizing using the same An apparatus for continuous polymerization with a simple constitution to produce a polymer having a high quality, as well as a method for producing the polymer using the apparatus, are provided. The apparatus comprises a vessel; a means for supplying a monomer to the vessel; a means for supplying a polymerization initiator to the vessel; a means for detecting a temperature in the vessel; a means for regulating a temperature of an outer wall surface of the vessel so as to have a preset temperature; and a means for controlling a supply flow rate of the monomer and/or the polymerization initiator to the vessel by the monomer supply means and/or the initiator supply means so that the temperature in the vessel becomes substantially the same temperature as the preset temperature.
US07728069B2	Reactive cyclic carbonates and ureas used for modifying biomolecules, polymers, and surfaces Disclosed are reactive cyclic carbonates and ureas of formula (I) or (II), wherein R and X have the meaning indicated in the description. Said carbonates and ureas allow functional groups to be specifically introduced into biomolecules, polymers, and surfaces in mild conditions.
US07728068B2	Coating compositions containing reactive diluents and methods The present invention provides coating compositions that include reactive diluents and have high performance, low VOC levels, and low irritation levels.
US07728067B2	Acid donors for dyeing polyamide An adjuvant composition comprising (A) a C1-C2carboxylic acid ester of a polyhydroxy compound containing from 2 to 20 hydroxyl groups and (B) an N-heterocyclic compound having a pKa, value of from 6 to 8 is storage-stable and suitable as an acid donor in the dyeing of polyamides.
US07728063B2	Copolymers comprising N-heterocyclic groups, and use thereof as an additive in detergents The present invention relates to the use of a copolymer comprising, in polymerized form, (a) from 80 to 99.9 mol %, based on the total amount of the monomers polymerized to prepare the copolymer, of at least one monomer A which in each case comprises a heterocycle having at least 1 nitrogen atom and composed of from 3 to 10 ring members and a C2-C6-alkenyl group bonded to a carbon or nitrogen ring atom of the heterocycle; and (b) from 0.1 to 20 mol %, based on the total amount of the monomers polymerized to prepare the copolymer, of at least one monomer B copolymerizable with monomer A, said monomer B having a monoethylenically unsaturated double bond and also a linear or branched poly-C2-C4-alkylene oxide group having on average from 4 to 500 C2-C4-alkylene oxide units, in liquid and in solid detergent formulations. In addition, the invention relates to a process for preparing such a copolymer, and also to a liquid or solid detergent formulation comprising at least one such copolymer.
US07728060B2	Conductive roller of rubber, thermoplastics, EO-PO-glycidyl ether, fluoro and sulfonyl anion salt and microcapsule A rubber component containing at least one of diene rubber and ethylene-propylene-diene rubber is dynamically crosslinked. Thereby the rubber component is dispersed in a mixture of a thermoplastic elastomer and a thermoplastic resin. An ethylene oxide-propylene oxide-allyl glycidyl ether and an anion-containing salt having fluoro groups and sulfonyl groups are added to the elastomer composition to obtain a conductive dynamically crosslinked thermoplastic elastomer composition. A mixture of the obtained conductive dynamically crosslinked thermoplastic elastomer composition and a micro-capsule composed of a polymer, having acrylic groups, which forms an outer shell thereof is molded to obtain a conductive roller having Shore A hardness specified in JIS K6253 not more than 40 measured at 23° C.
US07728058B2	Fiber dispersant-containing systems Dispersion additive system can be applied to fibers or particles, exhibiting improved dispersion, by including in the additive system a sulfonic-acid derived compound such as 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid or a salt thereof.
US07728056B2	Weatherable resinous compositions with low heat storage and method Disclosed are resinous compositions comprising a colorant combination comprising at least one inorganic infrared reflecting pigment and at least one organic colorant, wherein the combination of inorganic pigment and organic colorant results in a molded part with an L* value of less than about 30 with specular component included, and a heating build-up (HBU) as measured according to ASTM D4803-89 of less than about 34° C. A method to make such compositions is also an embodiment of the invention as are articles made from such compositions.
US07728054B2	Binding agents for radiation-cured aqueous paints The invention relates to binding agents for radiation-cured aqueous paints, said agents containing reaction products ABCDE composed of A epoxy compounds with at least two epoxy groups per molecule, B unsaturated fatty acids, C olefinically unsaturated monomers, D compounds containing unsaturated aliphatic hydroxyl groups and E multi-functional isocyanates, whereby the compounds C are always directly bonded to the compounds B, the compounds D are always directly bonded to the compounds E and the compounds A are always directly bonded to the compounds B. The invention also relates to methods for producing said binding agents and to the use thereof.
US07728053B2	Plastic housing composition for embedding semiconductor devices in a plastic housing and use of the plastic housing composition A plastic housing composition for embedding semiconductor devices in a plastic housing includes a multicomponent plastic material, where at least one component is distributed in the plastic material in drop-shaped and/or spherical units. The drop-shaped and/or spherical units are surrounded by dimensionally stable sheaths made from a plastic sheath material. The multicomponent plastic further includes a reactive curing system that cures when the plastic sheaths are torn open. The dimensionally stable plastic sheath material is deformation-sensitive, so that the sheaths tear open under mechanical deformation loading, which initiates and/or accelerates the curing process.
US07728052B2	Thermal interface material and method of producing the same A thermal interface material (10) includes 100 parts by weight of a silicone oil (11) and 800˜1200 parts by weight of a metal powder (12) mixed into the silicone oil. An outer surface of each metal particle (121) of the metal powder is coated with a metal oxide layer (122). A method of producing the thermal interface material includes steps of: (1) applying a layer of organo coupling agent on the metal powder; (2) heating the metal powder at a temperature between 200 to 300° C. to coat a metal oxide layer on an outer surface of the metal powder; and (3) adding the metal powder with the coated metal oxide layer to a silicone oil. The thermal interface material has an excellent thermal conductivity and an excellent electrical insulating property.
US07728050B2	Curable composition, ink composition, inkjet recording method, printed matter, method for producing planographic printing plate, planographic printing plate and oxetane compound According to the present invention, provided are a curable composition containing a (A) compound which has a structure having two or more cyclic ether groups, in the molecule and a linking group linking the cyclic ether groups, which contains an alkylene group having 4 or more carbon atoms, or a curable composition containing a compound which has, in the molecule, two or more moiety structures containing 4-membered or more cyclic ether and a moiety structure represented by the following formula (Y-I), and an ink composition comprising the curable composition and a compound represented by the following formula (i).
US07728049B2	Irradiation conversion of thermoplastic to thermoset polymers Disclosed is a radiation-crosslinkable thermoplastic polymer composition, a process for the preparation thereof, an angioplasty balloon and a medical catheter made using such a composition. The composition contains a reactive monomer cross-linker facilitates cross-linking of the reaction product upon contact of the cross-linker-containing composition with energy from a radiation source.
US07728046B2	Process for producing liquefied petroleum gas A synthesis gas is produced from a carbon-containing starting material such as a coal; a CO-containing gas is separated from the resultant synthesis gas, whereby obtaining a gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen; a methanol- and/or dimethyl ether-containing gas is produced from the resultant gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen; meanwhile, a H2-containing gas is produced from the CO-containing gas and the H2O-containing gas separated from the lower-paraffin-containing gas by a shift reaction; a lower-paraffin-containing gas containing propane or butane as a main component of hydrocarbons contained therein is produced from the methanol- and/or dimethyl ether-containing gas and the H2-containing gas; and a H2O-containing gas is separated from the resultant lower-paraffin-containing gas, whereby obtaining a liquefied petroleum gas.
US07728042B2	Transdermal pharmaceutical composition The invention relates to a liquid crystal gel containing polyoxyethylene-glyceryl-trioleate, propylene-glycol, isopropyl myristate and a hyaluronic acid salt or complex for use in the manufacture of transdermal pharmaceutical compositions and healing cosmetics. The invention also relates to transdermal pharmaceutical composition consists of an estrogen and a progestin component as well as a liquid crystal gel containing polyoxyethylene-glyceryl-trioleate, propylene-glycol, isopropyl myristate and a hyaluronic acid salt or complex. The invention can be applied for transdermal hormone replacement therapy and for other transdermal depending on the active principles included.
US07728041B2	Motuporamine mimic agents Disclosed herein are motuporamine mimic agents and methods of making and using same. Particularly exemplified are motuporamine mimic agents comprising cytotoxic activity and/or anti-metaplastic activity.
US07728040B1	Polyamine conjugates as selective NMDA inhibitors and anti-cancer drugs Polyamine compounds, method of synthesis and method of use for anti-cancer purposes, for enhancing the activity of existing anti-cancer drugs, as well as, for inhibiting N-Methyl-D-Aspartate (NMDA) receptors found in neurotransmission systems are provided. Certain polyamine motifs have been identified that can be attached to toxic agents to facilitate their access to cancer cells as well as polyamine compounds of surprising cytotoxicity with selectivity in killing cancer cells, and surprising utility in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and brain stroke. It includes an illustrative conjugate system with examples of a triamine or a tetraamine appended to a cytotoxic agent. Included is a general strategy to enhance cell uptake by attaching a polyamine vectoring system with an example of a triamine vector attached to an existing anti-cancer drug to improve its chemotherapeutic potency. There is an illustration of tetraamine derivatives which have surprising enhanced selectivity in inhibiting N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors involved in neurotransmission. Several ligands can affect the activity of this receptor, which has been shown to initiate cell death under stroke conditions (lack of oxygen). Tetraamine derivatives which bind or inhibit the action of the NMDA receptor provide new therapy for NMDA-associated human diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease and stroke.
US07728035B2	Ester derivatives of rhein and their therapeutic use Compounds that may have anti-inflammatory activity are of general formula (I); wherein X1, is H or COR1, and X2 is H or COR2 but X1, and X2 are not both H; R1 and R2 are the same or different and are each C1-4 alkyl substituted with R3, or a four to seven-membered ring which can be optionally substituted with R8 and can contain one or more additional heteroatoms selected from O, S(O)n and NR9; is R3 is F, CF3, OR4, NR5R6 O, S(O)n R7; R4, R5 and R6 are the same or different and are each H or C1-4 alkyl optionally substituted with R3, or NR5R6 is a C4-6 heterocycloalkyl ring containing one or more heteroatoms selected from O, NR8 and S(O)n; each n is 0-2; R7 is C1-4 alkyl; R8 is as defined for R3 or C1-4 alkyl optionally substituted with R3 or halogen; and R9 is H or C1-4 alkyl; or a salt, solvate or hydrate thereof.
US07728027B2	Process for synthesizing compounds useful for treating hepatitis C The present disclosure generally relates to a process for synthesizing methyl ((1S)-1-(((2S)-2-(5-(4′-(2-((2S)-1-((2S)-2-((methoxycarbonyl)amino)-3-methylbutanoyl)-2-pyrrolidinyl)-1H-imidazol-5-yl)-4-biphenylyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1-pyrrolidinyl)carbonyl)-2-methylpropyl)carbamate dihydrochloride salt. The present disclosure also generally relates to intermediates useful in this process.
US07728021B2	Process for the preparation of Valsartan and precursors thereof This invention relates to a process for preparing intermediates useful in preparing Valsartan and to a process for preparing the latter, together with synthesis intermediates of formula (IV), (V) and (VI), useful for manufacturing a medicament for the treatment of arterial hypertension or heart failure. The process for preparing Valsartan permits it to be prepared on an industrial scale with high yields and without racemisation problems, in addition to using simple and available starting products. The invention also provides a process for preparing the intermediate of formula (VI), from an intermediate of formula (V) that does not require protection of the carboxylic acid prior to N-acylation.
US07728019B2	Biphenylcarboxamides This invention relates to novel biphenylcarboxamides of the formula (I) in which R, Z, X, Y, m, n and A are as defined in the disclosure, to a plurality of processes for preparing these compounds and their use for controlling unwanted microorganisms, and to novel intermediates and their preparation.
US07728014B2	Heteroaromatic compounds having sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptor agonist biological activity A novel compound having agonist activity at the S1P3 receptor which is represented by the formula I wherein X is selected from the group consisting of CR3, N and NO; Y is selected from the group consisting of CR3, N and NO; Z is selected from the group consisting of CR3, N and NO; and at least one of X, Y and Z is N or NO; V is O or NOR4 R1 is an aryl group; R2 is an aryl group; R3 is selected from the group consisting of H and alkyl; and 2 of said R3 groups may together form a cyclic alkyl ring having from 3 to 6 carbon atoms; R4 is selected from the group consisting of H and alkyl; a is 0 or an integer of from 1 to 6; b is 0 or 1; c is 0 or 1; f is 0 or an integer of 1 or 2; x is 0 or 1; y is 0 or an integer of from 1 to 3; and z is 0 or an integer of from 1 to 3.
US07728012B2	Carboxamide compounds and their use as calpain inhibitors The present invention relates to novel carboxamide compounds and their use for the manufacture of a medicament. The carboxamide compounds are inhibitors of calpain (calcium dependant cysteine proteases). The invention therefore also relates to the use of these carboxamide compounds for treating a disorder associated with an elevated calpain activity.The carboxamide compounds are compounds of the general formula I in which R1, R2, R3a, R3b, W, Y and X have the meanings mentioned in the claims and the description, the tautomers thereof and the pharmaceutically suitable salts thereof. In particular, the compounds have the general formula I-A.a′ and I-A.a″ in which m, E, R1, R3a, R3b, R2, Ry, Rw and Rw6* have the meanings mentioned in the claims, n is 0, 1 or 2, the tautomers thereof and the pharmaceutically suitable salts thereof.
US07728010B2	Substituted benz-azoles and methods of their use as inhibitors of Raf kinase New substituted benz-azole compounds, compositions and methods of inhibition of Raf kinase activity in a human or animal subject are provided. The new compounds compositions may be used either alone or in combination with at least one additional agent for the treatment of a Raf kinase mediated disorder, such as cancer.
US07728009B1	Thiazole amides, imidazole amides and related analogues Thiazole amides, imidazole amides and related analogues of the Formula: are provided, in which variables are as described herein. Such compounds may be used to modulate ligand binding to histamine H3 receptors in vivo or in vitro, and are particularly useful in the treatment of a variety of central nervous system (CNS) and other disorders in humans, domesticated companion animals and livestock animals. Compounds provided herein may be administered alone or in combination with one or more other CNS agents to potentiate the effects of the other CNS agent(s). Pharmaceutical compositions and methods for treating such disorders are provided, as are methods for using such ligands for detecting histamine H3 receptors (e.g., receptor localization studies).
US07728007B2	Therapeutic amides The invention provides compounds of the formula: wherein X, Y, and Z are as defined in the specification. The compounds are effective anti-tumor agents. The invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of the above formula or a salt thereof, intermediates useful for preparing a compound of the above formula, and therapeutic methods comprising administering a compound of the above formula or a salt thereof to a mammal in need thereof.
US07728006B2	Quinolinone-carboxamide compounds as 5-HT4 receptor agonists The invention provides novel quinolinone-carboxamide 5-HT4 receptor agonist compounds of Formula (I). The invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds, the use such compounds to treat diseases associated with 5-HT4 receptor activity, and processes and intermediates useful for preparing such compounds. Wherein; R1 is hydrogen, halo, hadroxy, C1-4 alkyl, or C1-4 alkoxy; R2 is C3-4 alkyl, or C3-6cycloakyl; R3 is hydrogen or C1-3 alkyl: R4 is —S(O)2 R6 or —C(O)R7; R5 is hydrogen, C1-3alkyl, C2-3 alkyl substituted with —OH or C1-3 alkoxy, or —CH2-pyrydyl; R6 is C1-3 alkyl; or R5 and R6 taken together from C3-4 alkylenyl; and R7 is hydrogen, C1-3alkyl, or pyrydyl; or pharmaceutically-acceptable salt or solvate or stereoisomer thereof.
US07728004B2	Crystalline form of a quinolinone-carboxamide compound The invention provides a crystalline hydrochloride salt of 1-isopropyl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {(1S,3R,5R)-8-[(R)-2-hydroxy-3-(methanesulfonyl-methyl-amino)propyl]-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-yl}amide or a solvate thereof. The invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising such crystalline salt forms, methods of using such crystalline salt forms to treat diseases associated with 5-HT4 receptor activity, and processes useful for preparing such crystalline salt forms.
US07727993B2	Administering adenosine A2A receptor antagonist to reduce or suppress side effects of parkinson's disease therapy The present invention is directed to methods of treating movement disorders by administering an effective amount of one or more adenosine A2A receptor antagonists to a patient in need thereof. The present invention also provides methods of decreasing the adverse effects of L-DOPA in patients receiving L-DOPA therapy in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. The present invention further provides methods and compositions for treating Parkinson's disease patients with sub-clinically effective doses of L-DOPA by combining L-DOPA treatment with an effective amount of one or more adenosine A2A receptor antagonists (i.e., L-DOPA sparing effect). The present invention further provides methods of effective treatment of Parkinson's disease by co-administering at least one adenosine A2A receptor antagonist, L-DOPA and a dopamine agonist and/or a COMT inhibitor and/or a MAO inhibitor. The present invention further provides methods of prolonging effective treatment of Parkinson's disease by administering an adenosine A2A receptor antagonist singly or together with a dopamine agonist, and/or a COMT inhibitor, and/or a MAO inhibitor without prior or subsequent administration of L-DOPA, delaying or removing on-set of L-DOPA motor complication.
US07727991B2	Substituted melanocortin receptor-specific single acyl piperazine compounds Melanocortin receptor-specific compounds of the general formula and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, where J is a substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic or bicyclic ring structure, W is a heteroatom unit with at least one cationic center, hydrogen bond donor or hydrogen bond acceptor, Q is a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic carbocyclic ring group, L, R2a, R2b, R3a, R3b, r, x and y are as defined in the specification, and the carbon atoms marked with an asterisk can have any stereochemical configuration. Compounds disclosed herein bind to one or more melanocortin receptors and may be an agonist, a partial agonist, an antagonist, an inverse agonist or an antagonist of an inverse agonist as to one or more melanocortin receptors, and may be employed for treatment of one or more melanocortin receptor-associated conditions or disorders, including specifically treatment of obesity and related conditions.
US07727981B2	Benzamides and related inhibitors of factor Xa Novel benzamide compounds including their pharmaceutically acceptable isomers, salts, hydrates, solvates and prodrug derivatives having activity against mammalian factor Xa are described. Compositions containing such compounds are also described. The compounds and compositions are useful in vitro or in vivo for preventing or treating coagulation disorders.
US07727980B2	Tricyclic androgen receptor modulator compounds and methods This invention relates to non-steroidal tricyclic compounds that are modulators of androgen receptors and to methods for making and using such compounds.
US07727979B2	Guanidine derivatives and their use as neuropeptide FF receptor antagonists The invention relates to guanidine derivatives of formula (I) where: A represents a chain of 3-6 carbon atoms, one of which can be replaced by —N(R′)— or —O— and R′ is H or a substituent; the ring skeleton only contains both double bonds of the thiazole component; the pharmaceutically-acceptable acid addition salts of basic compounds of formula (I), the pharmaceutically-acceptable salts of compounds of formula (I), comprising acid groups, with bases, the pharmaceutically-acceptable esters of hydroxy or carboxyl group containing compounds of formula (I) and the solvates or hydrates thereof, which exhibit a neuropeptide FF receptor antagonist effect. The above are suitable for the treatment of pain and hyperalgesia, withdrawal symptoms in alcohol, psychotropic and nicotine dependencies, for improvement or cure of said dependencies, for regulation of insulin excretion, food intake, memory functions, blood pressure, electrolyte and energy management and for treatment of urinary incontinence. The above can be produced using generally used methods and processed to give medicaments.
US07727977B2	Kynurenine 3-hydroxylase inhibitors for the treatment of diabetes The present invention relates to the use of at least one compound with inhibitory activity on kynurenine 3-hydroxylase for the preparation of a medicament for the prevention and/or treatment of diabetes.
US07727972B2	Methods for determining absorption of cobalamin or analogues thereof The present invention relates to a method for determining absorption of cobalamin or analogues thereof in an individual comprising (ii providing two blood samples from said individual, wherein the first sample comprises said individual's blood prior to ingestion by said individual of non-radioactive cobalamin or an analogue thereof and the second sample comprises said individual's blood after said ingestion, (ii) determining the concentration of cobalamin or analogue thereof in the first sample, (iii) determining the concentration of cobalamin or analogue thereof in the second sample by treating complexes of cobalamin or analogue thereof and one or more carrier proteins with one or more enzymes to release cobalamin or analogue thereof from said one or more carrier proteins, and (iv) determining, on the basis of comparison of said concentrations in said two samples, whether said cobalamin or analogue thereof has been absorbed in the blood stream.
US07727963B2	Synthetic peptide amides The invention relates to synthetic tetrapeptide amide ligands of the kappa opioid receptor and particularly to agonists of the kappa opioid receptor that exhibit low P450 CYP inhibition and low penetration into the brain. An exemplary synthetic tetrapeptide amide of the invention is D-Phe-D-Phe-D-Leu-(ε-Me) D-Lys-[4-Amidinohomopiperazine amide]: Pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds are useful in the prophylaxis and treatment of pain and inflammation associated with a variety of diseases and conditions. Such treatable pain includes visceral pain, neuropathic pain and hyperalgesia. Inflammation associated with conditions such as IBD and IBS, ocular and otic inflammation, other disorders and conditions such as pruritis, edema, hyponatremia, hypokalemia, ileus, tussis and glaucoma are treatable or preventable with the pharmaceutical compositions of the invention.
US07727962B2	Powder comprising new compositions of oligosaccharides and methods for their preparation The present invention concerns powders containing a pharmaceutical active substance and a combination of excipients comprising at least one 1,4 O-linked saccharose derivative selected from the compounds: 1,4 O-linked D-Gal-saccharose (lactosucrose), 1,4 O-linked D-Glu-saccharose (glucosyl sucrose), or 1,4 O-linked Glu-Glu-saccharose (maltosyl sucrose) in combination with at least one further excipient. The other excipient is preferably an amino acid, a peptide and/or a mono-, di- and/or oligosaccharide, wherein the oligosaccharide may be a second 1,4 O-linked saccharose derivative, provided that this is different from the first.
US07727961B2	Antioxidant constituents An object of the present invention is to provide an antioxidant composition that is effective in the living body against active oxygen species produced in the body. The present invention provides an antioxidant composition having the effect of suppressing three active oxygen species, i.e. hypochlorite radicals, hydroxyl radicals, and peroxynitrite radicals, with respect to active oxygen species produced in the body, the antioxidant composition comprising a mixture in which at least 20 mg of vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid or sodium L-ascorbate) as an agent to scavenge peroxynitrite active oxygen, and at least 2 mg of caffeic acid analogue compound(s), at least 10 mg of polyphenyol compound(s) or at least 1.5 mg of carotenoid compound(s) as an agent to scavenge hydroxyl radical active oxygen are combined with 100 mg of histidine-containing dipeptide, or sulfur-containing amino acids or analogues thereof obtained from animal extract as an agent for scavenging hypochlorite active oxygen.
US07727960B2	C5a receptor antagonists The invention relates to a C5a receptor antagonist of structure (I), wherein X1 is a radical having a mass of about 1-300 and stands for R5-, R5-CO—, R5-N(R6)-CO—, R5-O—CO—, R5-SO2—, R5-N(R6)-SO2—, R5-N(R6)-, R5-N(R6)-CS—, R5-N(R6)-C(NH)—, R5-CS—, R5-P(O)OH—, R5-B(OH)— or R5-CH═N—O—CH2—CO—, wherein R5/R6 represent H, F, hydroxy, alkyl, substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, substituted heterocyclyl, arylalkyl, substituted arylalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, acyl, substituted acyl, alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl, substituted alkoxyalkyl, aryloxyalkyl or substituted aryloxyalkyl; X2=radical (biological bonding properties of a mimicrying phenylalanine unit); X3/X4=spacer (amino acids, amino-acid analogs and amino-acid derivatives); X5=radical (biological bonding properties of a mimicrying cyclohexylalanine or homoleucine unit); X6=radical (biological bonding properties of a mimicrying tryptophan unit); X7=radical (biological bonding properties of a mimicrying norleucine or phenylalanine unit), a chemical bond being formed between X3 and X7.
US07727959B2	Use of substances with oxytocin activity against climacteric disorders The present invention relates to the use of substances with oxytocin activity against climacteric disorders or similar symptoms due to dysfunction in the ovaries. It also relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one substance with oxytocin activity against climacteric disorders.
US07727958B2	Pharmaceutical formulation A pharmaceutical formulation for a PKC modulatory peptide and a transport moiety comprising the aforementioned components and an anti-aggregant.
US07727955B2	Pharmaceutical compositions based on NK2 antagonists for pediatric use Pharmaceutical compositions containing NK2 antagonists are described, useful for the treatment of infantile colics.
US07727949B2	Cleaning agent for thermostatic chambers [PROBLEMS] The present invention provides a novel cleaner having bacteria-proof, fungi-proof and algae-proof effects, which is added to a reaction thermostat using water as medium in scientific apparatus, particularly a thermostatic water bath in an automatic analyzer.[SOUTLIN] A cleaner for a thermostatic water bath, which comprises a quaternary ammonium salt as shown by the general formula [1] described below and/or a preservative agent having amphoteric surface activity, and a surface active agent, wherein R1 to R4 independently represent an alkyl group, provided that at least one among R1 to R4 is an alkyl group having 8 to 18 carbon atoms, and at least one among them is a lower alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms; and X− represents an anion derived from a carboxylic acid having two or more carbon atoms; and a cleaning method of a thermostatic water bath, wherein the cleaner is added to a thermostatic water bath.
US07727947B2	Process for the preparation of a solid laundry detergent composition comprising light density silicate salt The present invention relates to a process for preparing a solid laundry detergent composition comprising: (a) from 1 wt % to 40 wt % light density silicate salt having a bulk density of less than 200 g/l and a weight average particle size of less than 300 micrometers; (b) from 5 wt % to 60 wt % detersive surfactant; (c) from 0 wt % to 50 wt % carbonate salt; (d) from 0 wt % to 40 wt % sulphate salt; (e) from 0 wt % to 30 wt % phosphate builder; (f) from 0 wt % to 5 wt %% zeolite builder; and (g) from 0 wt % to 15 wt % water; wherein the composition has a bulk density of 600 g/l or less.
US07727940B2	Silicone-tackifier matrixes and methods of use thereof In one embodiment, the present invention provides a silicone-tackifier matrix composition that comprises at least one silicone polymer component, at least one tackifying agent, and at least one curing agent and/or at least one cross linking agent.
US07727938B2	Non-aqueous gels for consolidating and stabilizing wellbore formations A method of treating an earth formation that includes injecting at least one lipophilic monomer into the earthen formation; wherein the at least one lipophilic monomer is selected from epoxide-functionalized derivative of soybean oil, linseed oil, rapeseed oil, cashew nut shell oil; perilla oil, tung oil, oiticia oil, safflower oil, poppy oil, hemp oil, cottonseed oil, sunflower oil, high-oleic triglycerides, triglycerides of euphorbia plants, peanut oil, olive oil, olive kernel oil, almond oil, kapok oil, hazelnut oil, apricot kernel oil, beechnut oil, lupine oil, maize oil, sesame oil, grapeseed oil, lallemantia oil, castor oil, herring oil, sardine oil, menhaden oil, whale oil, and tall oil, injecting at least one crosslinking agent into the earthen formation; wherein the at least one crosslinking agent comprises at least one primary amine; and allowing the lipophilic monomer and the crosslinking agent to react in the earth formation is disclosed.
US07727937B2	Acidic treatment fluids comprising xanthan and associated methods Acidic treatment fluids used in industrial and/or subterranean operations, and more particularly, acidic treatment fluids comprising clarified xanthan gelling agents, and methods of use in industrial and/or subterranean operations, are provided. In one embodiment, the acidic treatment fluids comprise an aqueous base fluid, an acid, and a gelling agent comprising clarified xanthan.
US07727932B2	Activated carbon fibers and engineered forms from renewable resources A method of producing activated carbon fibers (ACFs) includes the steps of providing a natural carbonaceous precursor fiber material, blending the carbonaceous precursor material with a chemical activation agent to form chemical agent-impregnated precursor fibers, spinning the chemical agent-impregnated precursor material into fibers, and thermally treating the chemical agent-impregnated precursor fibers. The carbonaceous precursor material is both carbonized and activated to form ACFs in a single step. The method produces ACFs exclusive of a step to isolate an intermediate carbon fiber.
US07727928B2	Catalyst composition and use thereof in ethane oxidation A catalyst composition and its use for the oxidation of ethane to ethylene and acetic acid which comprises (i) a support, and (ii) in combination with oxygen, the elements molybdenum, vanadium and niobium, optionally tungsten and a component Z, which is one or more metals of Group 14 of the Periodic Table of Elements; a, b, c, d and e represent the gram atom ratios of the elements Mo, W, Z, V and Nb respectively, such that 0
US07727924B2	Method to raise the solid content of catalytic cracking catalyst slurry A method for preparing cracking catalyst. The method comprises making catalyst slurry having a homogeneous distribution of molecular sieve slurry, pseudoboehmite, clay, inorganic acid and aluminum-containing binder; and subsequent spray drying. Inorganic acid is added prior to the addition of pseudoboehmite; addition of molecular sieve is added after the addition of inorganic acid; and a phosphatic dispersant is added during preparation. Compared to conventional methods of preparing FCC catalyst slurry, the inventive catalyst slurry viscosity is decreased and the fluidity thereof is improved, while catalyst anti-friction is maintained. The solid content of the FCC catalyst slurry can be increased to about 40% or more. The gel forming time is significantly reduced with increased productivity and decreased catalyst production cost. Meanwhile, the catalyst has high pore volume and improved micro-reactivity. Overall reactivity performance of the catalyst is also improved.
US07727920B2	Process for production of ceramic porcelains, ceramic procelains and electronic components 0.5 to 30 parts by weight of a hexagonal celsian powder is added to 100 parts by weight of a ceramic raw material powder to give a mixture. The mixture is sintered to give a ceramic porcelain so as to precipitate monoclinic celsian in the ceramic porcelain.
US07727919B2	High resistivity silicon carbide A recrystallized silicon carbide body is provided that has a resistivity of not less than about 1E5 Ω cm and a nitrogen content comprising nitrogen atoms bonded within the body, wherein the nitrogen content is not greater than about 200 ppm.
US07727918B2	Optical glass An optical glass that contains Si, Al, Mg, and O is provided. The optical glass contains Si in an amount of 40% or more and 60% or less, in cation percent, Al in an amount of 10% or more and 35% or less, in cation percent, and Mg in an amount of 20% or more and 35% or less, in cation percent. In the optical glass, the total amount of Si, Al, and Mg is 99.5% or more, in cation percent. Furthermore, the optical glass contains Fe and Na each in an amount of 0.01 wtppm or less and has a transmittance to a light having a wavelength of 248 nm of 40% or more at a thickness of 5 mm.
US07727915B2	Tacky allergen trap and filter medium, and method for containing allergens An allergen trap is provided. The allergen trap includes a woven or nonwoven substrate having at least one strata. The trap is impregnated with or otherwise treated with a tacky adhesive by which allergens may be trapped. An example of an allergen is a dust mite. The tacky adhesive, in turn, may be treated with a miticide or activated carbon.
US07727914B2	Flexible penetration resistant article The invention relates to a flexible, penetration resistant article comprising a plurality of fibrous layers including continuous filament yarns, and having an areal density of less than about 4.4 kilograms per square meter. At least one of the plurality of fibrous layers has a fiber with a tenacity of at least about 30 grams per decitex and a continuous filament yarn having a linear density of less than about 1100 decitex.
US07727913B2	Method of crystallizing semiconductor film A method of crystallizing a semiconductor film including splitting a pulse laser beam oscillated from a laser oscillator, and synthesizing the split pulse laser beams after the split pulse laser beams have propagated through optical paths different in optical path length, modulating the synthesized pulse laser beam into a pulse laser beam by a phase modulating element, and irradiating a non-single-crystal film formed on a substrate with the laser beam to crystallize the non-single-crystal film. Splitting the pulse laser beam and synthesizing the split pulse laser beams are performed using at least three optical splitting/synthesizing units arranged in order, and include sequentially splitting one pulse laser beam split by one optical splitting/synthesizing unit by succeeding splitting/synthesizing unit, and synthesizing the other pulse laser beam split by one optical splitting/synthesizing unit with the other pulse laser beam split by preceding splitting/synthesizing unit.
US07727911B2	Method for forming a gate insulating film In formation of a gate insulating film made of a high dielectric constant metal silicate, atomic layer deposition (ALD) is performed by setting exposure time to a precursor containing a metal or the like to saturation time of a deposition rate by a surface adsorption reaction and by setting exposure time to an oxidizing agent to time required for a composition of a metal oxide film to reach 97% or more of a stoichiometric value.
US07727909B2	Method for producing fine-grained particles A method for producing complex metal oxide having nano-sized grains that includes the steps of forming a mixture containing at least one metal cation dissolved in a solution and particulate material containing at least one further metal in the form of metal(s) or metal compound(s) and treating the mixture to form the complex metal oxide having nano-sized grains. The at least one further metal from the particulate material becomes incorporated into the complex metal oxide.
US07727908B2	Deposition of ZrA1ON films Atomic layer deposition (ALD) can be used to form a dielectric layer of zirconium aluminum oxynitride (ZrAlON) for use in a variety of electronic devices. Forming the dielectric layer may include depositing zirconium oxide using atomic layer deposition and precursor chemicals, followed by depositing aluminum nitride using precursor chemicals, and repeating. The dielectric layer may be used as the gate insulator of a MOSFET, a capacitor dielectric, and a tunnel gate insulator in flash memories.
US07727904B2	Methods of forming SiC MOSFETs with high inversion layer mobility Methods of forming an oxide layer on silicon carbide include thermally growing an oxide layer on a layer of silicon carbide, and annealing the oxide layer in an environment containing NO at a temperature greater than 1175° C. The oxide layer may be annealed in NO in a silicon carbide tube that may be coated with silicon carbide. To form the oxide layer, a preliminary oxide layer may be thermally grown on a silicon carbide layer in dry O2, and the preliminary oxide layer may be re-oxidized in wet O2.
US07727899B2	Manufacturing method of semiconductor device and semiconductor storage device including fine contact holes A manufacturing method of a semiconductor device is carried out as follows. A first mask layer having a first linear opening pattern is formed above the first interlayer insulating layer. A second mask layer having a plurality of second linear opening patterns and first dummy opening patterns is formed above the first mask layer. The plurality of second linear opening patterns are aligned above the first linear opening pattern at given intervals to cross the first linear opening pattern. The first dummy opening patterns are arranged in close proximity to a first pattern remaining region that is present between the second linear opening patterns adjacent to each other. The first interlayer insulating layer that is present below opening patterns obtained by overlap portions of the first linear opening pattern and the second linear opening patterns is etched to form holes.
US07727898B2	Semiconductor device and method of fabricating same A semiconductor device having reliable electrode contacts. First, an interlayer dielectric film is formed from a resinous material. Then, window holes are formed. The interlayer dielectric film is recessed by oxygen plasma. This gives rise to tapering window holes. This makes it easy to make contacts even if the circuit pattern is complex.
US07727896B1	Stacked die manufacturing process A method for forming a stacked-die structure is disclosed in which a buried oxide layer is formed in a semiconductor wafer. Device layers and metal layers are formed on the face side of the semiconductor wafer, defining dice, with each die including an interconnect region. Openings are etched in the interconnect regions that extend through the semiconductor wafer so as to expose portions of the buried oxide layer. Conductive material is deposited within the openings so as to form through-die vias. The semiconductor wafer is then attached to a wafer support structure and material is removed from the backside of the semiconductor wafer so as to form an oxide layer having a thickness that is less than the initial thickness of the buried oxide layer. Openings are then etched within the backside of the semiconductor wafer so as to expose the through-die vias, micro-bumps are deposited over the through-die vias, and stacked dice are attached to the micro-bumps so as to electrically couple the stacked dice to the through-die vias. Thereby, a stacked die structure is formed that includes an oxide layer on the backside of the base die. Since the method does not include any high temperature process steps after the semiconductor wafer has been attached to the wafer support structure, thermally-released double-sided tape or adhesive having a low thermal budget can be used to attach the semiconductor wafer to the wafer support structure.
US07727893B2	Method of forming a dielectric layer pattern and method of manufacturing a non-volatile memory device using the same In a method of forming a dielectric layer pattern, lower patterns are formed on a substrate. A first dielectric layer is formed on sidewalls and upper surfaces of the lower patterns and a surface of the substrate. A mask pattern is formed on the first dielectric layer to partially expose the first dielectric layer. The exposed first dielectric layer on upper surfaces and upper sidewalls of the lower patterns is partially removed and the removed first dielectric layer is deposited on surfaces of the first dielectric layer between the lower patterns, to form a second dielectric layer having a thickness greater than that of the first dielectric layer. The second dielectric layer on the sidewalls of the lower patterns and the substrate is etched to form a dielectric layer pattern. Accordingly, damage to the underlying layer may be reduced, and an unnecessary dielectric layer may be completely removed.
US07727892B2	Method and apparatus for forming metal-metal oxide etch stop/barrier for integrated circuit interconnects Described is a method and apparatus for forming interconnects with a metal-metal oxide electromigration barrier and etch-stop. In one embodiment of the invention, the method includes depositing a metal layer on the top of a planarized interconnect layer, the interconnect layer having an interlayer dielectric (ILD) with a top that is planar with the top of an electrically conductive interconnect. In one embodiment of the invention, the method includes reacting the metal layer with the ILD to form a metal oxide layer on the top of the ILD. At the same time, the metal layer will not be significantly oxidized by the electrically conductive interconnect, thus forming a metal barrier on the electrically conductive interconnect to improve electromigration performance. The metal barrier and metal oxide layer together comprise a protective layer. A second ILD may be subsequently formed on the protective layer, and the protective layer may act an etch-stop during a subsequent etch of the second ILD.
US07727889B2	Method for forming fine pattern by spacer patterning technology In a method for forming a fine pattern, a target layer to be patterned is formed on a semiconductor substrate and a polysilicon layer is formed on the target layer. A partition is then formed on the polysilicon layer with an amorphous carbon layer pattern. A spacer is attached to a sidewall of the partition. Thereafter, the spacer is divided into bar patterns by selectively removing the partition. A polysilicon layer pattern is formed by selectively etching a portion of the poly silicon layer exposed by the divided bar patterns and then a target layer pattern is formed by selectively etching a portion of the target layer exposed by the polysilicon layer pattern.
US07727887B2	Method for improved power distribution in a three dimensional vertical integrated circuit A first through via is electrically insulated from surrounding wafer substrate material. A second through via is not electrically insulated from the surrounding wafer substrate material. This configuration is advantageous when the non-insulated via serves as the path for either Vdd or GND. By not insulating the through via, a first supply voltage (Vdd or GND) is allowed to flow through the surrounding wafer substrate material thereby decreasing the resistance of the first supply voltage path.
US07727883B2	Method of forming a diffusion barrier and adhesion layer for an interconnect structure A method of forming an interconnect structure is provided. The method includes depositing a cobalt metal layer in an interconnect opening formed within a dielectric material containing a dielectric reactant element. The method further includes, in any order, thermally reacting at least a portion of the cobalt metal layer with at least a portion of the dielectric material to form a diffusion barrier containing a compound of the reactive metal from the cobalt metal layer and the dielectric reactant element from the dielectric material, and forming a cobalt nitride adhesion layer in the interconnect opening. The method further includes filling the interconnect opening with Cu metal, where the diffusion barrier and the cobalt nitride adhesion layer surround the Cu metal in the interconnect opening.
US07727879B2	Method of forming top electrode for capacitor and interconnection in integrated passive device (IPD) A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device includes providing a substrate having a first conductive layer disposed on a top surface of the substrate. A high resistivity layer is formed over the substrate and the first conductive layer. A dielectric layer is deposited over the substrate, first conductive layer and high resistivity layer. A portion of the dielectric layer, high resistivity layer, and first conductive layer forms a capacitor stack. A first passivation layer is formed over the dielectric layer. A second conductive layer is formed over the capacitor stack and a portion of the first passivation layer. A first opening is etched in the dielectric layer to expose a surface of the high resistivity layer. A third and fourth conductive layer is deposited over the first opening in the dielectric layer and a portion of the first passivation layer.
US07727878B2	Method for forming passivation layer A method for forming a passivation layer is disclosed. In the method, a substrate containing a top surface and a bottom surface opposite to the top surface is first provided, wherein a plurality of conductive pads are disposed on the top surface thereof. Thereafter, a first passivation layer is formed on the top surface of the substrate, wherein the first passivation layer has a characteristic of photoresist. A first exposure/develop step is then performed to form a plurality of first openings in the first passivation layer, wherein the conductive pads are exposed through the first openings. Then, a second passivation layer is formed on the first passivation layer, wherein the second passivation layer has a characteristic of photoresist. A second exposure/develop step is then performed to form a plurality of second openings in the second passivation layer, wherein the conductive pads are exposed through the second openings.
US07727874B2	Non-polar and semi-polar GaN substrates, devices, and methods for making them Non-polar or semi-polar (Al, Ga, In)N substrates are fabricated by re-growth of (Al, Ga, In)N crystal on (Al, Ga, In)N seed crystals, wherein the size of the seed crystal expands or is increased in the lateral and vertical directions, resulting in larger sizes of non-polar and semi-polar substrates useful for optoelectronic and microelectronic devices. One or more non-polar or semi-polar substrates may be sliced from the re-grown crystal. The lateral growth rate may be greater than the vertical growth rate. The seed crystal may be a non-polar seed crystal. The seed crystal may have crystalline edges of equivalent crystallographic orientation.
US07727872B2	Methods for fabricating semiconductor components with conductive interconnects A system for fabricating semiconductor components includes a semiconductor substrate, a thinning system for thinning the semiconductor substrate, an etching system for forming the substrate opening, and a bonding system for bonding the conductive interconnect to the substrate contact. The semiconductor component can be used to form module components, underfilled components, stacked components, and image sensor semiconductor components.
US07727868B2	Apparatus and method for controlling diffusion A method and device for reducing a dopant diffusion rate in a doped semiconductor region is provided. The methods and devices include selecting a plurality of dopant elements. Selection of a plurality of dopant elements includes selecting a first dopant element with a first atomic radius larger than a host matrix atomic radius and selecting a second dopant element with a second atomic radius smaller than a host matrix atomic radius. The methods and devices further include selecting amounts of each dopant element of the plurality of dopant elements wherein amounts and atomic radii of each of the plurality of dopant elements complement each other to reduce a host matrix lattice strain. The methods and devices further include introducing the plurality of dopant elements to a selected region of the host matrix and annealing the selected region of the host matrix.
US07727864B2	Controlled composition using plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition Metallic-compound films are formed by plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD). According to preferred methods, film or thin film composition is controlled by selecting plasma parameters to tune the oxidation state of a metal (or plurality of metals) in the film. In some embodiments, plasma parameters are selected to achieve metal-rich metallic-compound films. The metallic-compound films can be components of gate stacks, such as gate electrodes. Plasma parameters can be selected to achieve a gate stack with a predetermined work function.
US07727863B1	Sonic irradiation during wafer immersion Sonic radiation is applied to a wafer portion of the planar surface of a rotating, tilted wafer as it is being immersed into a liquid treatment bath. The portion includes the leading outer edge region of the wafer. The area of the wafer portion is significantly less than the total surface area of the planar wafer surface. Power density is minimized. As a result, bubbles are removed from the wafer surface and cavitation in the liquid bath is avoided. In some embodiments, the liquid bath is de-gassed to inhibit bubble formation.
US07727859B2	Semiconductor device and manufacturing method thereof It is an object of the present invention to provide a semiconductor device in which a barrier property is improved; a compact size, a thin shape, and lightweight are achieved; and flexibility is provided. By providing a stacked body including a plurality of transistors in a space between a pair of substrates, a semiconductor device is provided, in which a harmful substance is prevented from entering and a barrier property is improved. In addition, by using a pair of substrates which are thinned by performing grinding and polishing, a semiconductor device is provided, in which a compact size, a thin shape, and lightweight are achieved. Further, a semiconductor device is provided, in which flexibility is provided and a high-added value is achieved.
US07727850B2	Method for forming capacitor of semiconductor device A method for forming a capacitor of a semiconductor device includes forming a first capacitor in a storage node contact region to form a two-stage structured capacitor, thereby increasing the height and the capacitance of the capacitor.
US07727845B2	Ultra shallow junction formation by solid phase diffusion An ultra shallow junction (USJ) FET device and method for forming the same with improved control over SDE or LDD doped region interfaces to improve device performance and reliability is provided, the method including providing a semiconductor substrate; forming a gate structure comprising a gate dielectric, an overlying gate electrode, and first offset spacers adjacent either side of the gate electrode; forming at least one doped semiconductor layer comprising dopants over a respective source and drain region adjacent the respective first offset spacers; forming second offset spacers adjacent the respective first offset spacers; and, thermally treating the at least one semiconductor layer to cause out-diffusion of the dopants to form doped regions in the semiconductor substrate.
US07727842B2	Method of simultaneously siliciding a polysilicon gate and source/drain of a semiconductor device, and related device A method of simultaneously siliciding a polysilicon gate and source/drain of a semiconductor device, and related device. At least some of the illustrative embodiments are methods comprising forming a gate stack over a semiconductor substrate (the gate stack comprising a first polysilicon layer, a first nitride layer, and a second polysilicon layer), forming a second nitride layer over an active region in the semiconductor substrate adjacent to the gate stack, performing a chemical mechanical polishing that stops on the first nitride layer and on the second nitride layer, removing the first nitride layer and the second nitride layer, and performing a simultaneous silicidation of the first polysilicon layer and the active region.
US07727840B2	Forming integrated circuit devices Methods of forming integrated circuit devices are provided. A first mask layer is formed overlying a first portion of a semiconductor substrate. The first mask layer further overlies a second mask layer overlying a second portion of the semiconductor substrate. The first mask layer overlying the first portion of the semiconductor substrate is patterned to define areas for removal of one or more layers of material interposed between the semiconductor substrate and the first mask layer. Portions of the one or more layers of material exposed by the patterned first mask layer are removed to define elements of the integrated circuit device overlying the first portion of the semiconductor substrate.
US07727835B2	SOI device with charging protection and methods of making same The present invention is directed to an SOI device with charging protection and methods of making same. In one illustrative embodiment, a device is formed on an SOI substrate including a bulk substrate, a buried insulation layer and an active layer. The device includes a transistor formed in an isolated portion of the active layer, the transistor including a gate electrode and a source region. The device further includes a first conductive bulk substrate contact extending through the active layer and the buried insulation layer, the first conductive bulk substrate contact being conductively coupled to the source region and the bulk substrate, and a second conductive bulk substrate contact extending through the active layer and the buried insulation layer, the second conductive bulk substrate being conductively coupled to the gate electrode and the bulk substrate.
US07727834B2	Contact configuration and method in dual-stress liner semiconductor device A method for manufacturing a semiconductor device may comprise forming a conductive layer on a substrate, removing at least one portion of the conductive layer to form a plurality of separate conductive lines, forming a first stress-inducing layer of a first stress type on the conductive lines and the substrate, and removing a portion of the first stress-inducing layer such that a remaining portion of the first stress-inducing layer is disposed on a first subset of the conductive lines but not a second subset of the conductive lines and has a boundary disposed between two of the conductive lines. This method, along with other methods and various semiconductor devices, are described.
US07727830B2	Fabrication of germanium nanowire transistors In general, in one aspect, a method includes using the Germanium nanowire as building block for high performance logic, memory and low dimensional quantum effect devices. The Germanium nanowire channel and the SiGe anchoring regions are formed simultaneously through preferential Si oxidation of epitaxial Silicon Germanium epi layer. The placement of the germanium nanowires is accomplished using a Si fin as a template and the germanium nanowire is held on Si substrate through SiGe anchors created by masking the two ends of the fins. High dielectric constant gate oxide and work function metals wrap around the Germanium nanowire for gate-all-around electrostatic channel on/off control, while the Germanium nanowire provides high carrier mobility in the transistor channel region. The germanium nanowire transistors enable high performance, low voltage (low power consumption) operation of logic and memory devices.
US07727823B2	Flat panel display and method for driving the same A flat panel display for preventing a thin film transistor from deteriorating due to voltage, static electricity, and external force, accidentally applied to a substrate, and a method for driving the same. The flat panel display includes a conductive substrate, at least one insulating layer formed on the conductive substrate, at least one thin film transistor formed on the conductive substrate, and a ground formed in a region of the conductive substrate to ground the conductive substrate. Thus, the deterioration of the thin film transistor that would be generated by voltage, static electricity, or external force, accidentally applied to the conductive substrate can be substantially prevented and the performance of the display is enhanced.
US07727818B2	Substrate process for an embedded component A first dielectric layer is formed on a mold having a surface and protruding components and covers the protruding components. At least one electronic component having an active surface, a back surface, and contacts formed on the active surface is disposed on the first dielectric layer. The active surface is faced to the first dielectric layer, and the contacts are corresponding to the protruding components. A second dielectric layer is formed on the first dielectric layer and a carrier is disposed on the back surface of the electronic component. Openings located corresponding to the contacts are further formed within the first dielectric layer by the protruding components in an imprinting step, such that when the mold is removed, the contacts are exposed from the openings.
US07727814B2	Microelectronic package interconnect and method of fabrication thereof A method of interconnecting and an interconnect is provided to connect a first component and a second component of an integrated circuit. The interconnect includes a plurality of Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs), which provide a conducting path between the first component and the second component. The interconnect further includes a passivation layer to fill the gaps between adjacent CNTs. A method of producing Anisotropic Conductive Film (ACF) and an ACF is provided. The ACF includes a plurality of CNTs, which provide a conducting path between a first side of the ACF and a second side of the ACF. The sides of the ACF can also include a conductive curable adhesive layer. In an embodiment, the conductive curable adhesive layer can incorporate a B-stage cross-linkable polymer and silver particles.
US07727812B2	Singulation method of semiconductor device Provided is a singulation method of a semiconductor device that can perform a sawing process while protecting a pad. In the singulation method for forming a semiconductor device including a scribe lane region and a chip region, pads are formed in the chip region. Photoresist patterns exposing the scribe lane region and covering the pads are formed, and a substrate in the scribe lane region is cut and a washing solution is sprayed on the scribe lane region. According to the method, wafers can be stably separated from each other while pads of a semiconductor device are protected, so that stabilization in the fabrication process can be realized and pad corrosion caused by DI water is prevented during a sawing process. Accordingly, a defective device is minimized and reliability of a device can improve.
US07727811B2	Pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet for processing semiconductor wafer or semiconductor substrate The present invention relates to a pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet for processing a semiconductor wafer or semiconductor substrate, which includes a base material and a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer which is polymerizable and curable by an energy ray, the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer being disposed on a surface of the base material, in which the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer includes a base polymer, a multifunctional acrylate-based oligomer which has an energy-ray polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond and has a molecular weight of 1000 to 2500, and a multifunctional acrylate-based compound which has an energy-ray polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond and has a molecular weight of 200 to 700. The pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet of the invention is excellent in follow-up properties to a minute unevenness with a depth of about 0.4 to 40 μm such as a mark printed by laser irradiation, exhibits sufficient adhesive force, and can be released without the generation of adhesive residue after the purpose of adhesion has been achieved.
US07727810B2	Wafer dividing method A method of dividing a wafer having a plurality of areas, which are sectioned by the streets formed on the front surface in a lattice pattern and a plurality of devices, which are formed in the sectioned areas, along streets, the method comprising a first cutting step for holding the front surface of the wafer on a chuck table of a cutting machine and forming a first groove having a depth that is about half of the thickness of the wafer, along the streets from the rear surface of the wafer; a second cutting step for holding the rear surface of the wafer on a chuck table and forming a second groove which does not reach the first groove, along the streets from the front surface of the wafer; and a dividing step for breaking an uncut portion between the first groove and the second groove by exerting external force along the streets of the wafer, on which the first grooves and the second grooves have been formed.
US07727803B2	Semiconductor device, package structure thereof, and method for manufacturing the semiconductor device A semiconductor device includes a plurality of insulating layers laminated on a substrate to cover passive elements such as a capacitor, an inductor, and the like, and to fix an IC chip in a face up state in one of the insulating layers. The insulating layers have similar structures in each of which the passive element or the semiconductor chip is disposed in at the bottom, a plug is formed in the insulating layer to pass therethrough in the thickness direction for extending an electrode of one of these elements to the top surface, and a conductive layer is provided as wiring on the top surface of the insulating layer to be connected to the plugs for electrically connecting respective elements or rearranging the electrode position. Also, an insulating layer is provided on the top for protecting the semiconductor device and for providing an external connecting electrode.
US07727798B1	Method for production of diamond-like carbon film having semiconducting property Method for production of diamond-like carbon film having semiconducting properties comprises preparing a boron-doped diamond-like carbon (B-DLC) thin film on a silicon substrate through a radio frequency magnetron sputtering process, wherein a composite target material formed by inserting boron tablet as a dopant source in a graphite target is used. After forming a boron-containing diamond-like carbon film, the thin film is annealed at a temperature of 500° C. and kept at this temperature for 10 minutes, and determine its carrier concentration and resistivity. Thus demonstrated that the polarity of said boron-doped diamond-like carbon film is p-type semiconductor characteristic. Carrier concentration can be up to 1.3×1018 cm-3, and its resistivity is about 0.6 Ω-cm; consequently. The boron-doped semiconducting diamond-like carbon film having excellent semiconductor property and high temperature stability according to the invention is best applicable in solar cell or electronic communication and electrode elements and equipments.
US07727791B2	Semiconductor layer, process for forming the same, and semiconductor light emitting device A semiconductor layer contains, as a principal constituent, a Group III-V semiconductor compound, which may be represented by the general formula: AlxGayInzN, wherein x represents a number satisfying the condition 0≦x<1, y represents a number satisfying the condition 0
US07727789B2	Array substrate for liquid crystal display and method for fabricating the same A method for fabricating an array substrate for a liquid crystal display (LCD) is provided. A semiconductor layer and a transparent lower electrode formed on a substrate is provided and covered by a first dielectric layer serving as a gate dielectric layer and a capacitor dielectric layer. A gate electrode and an upper electrode comprising a transparent electrode portion and a metal electrode portion are formed on the first dielectric layer and covered by a second dielectric layer. A source/drain electrode, a planarization layer, and a pixel electrode are sequentially formed on the second dielectric layer, in which the source/drain electrode is electrically connected to the semiconductor layer through the first and second dielectric layers and the pixel electrode is electrically connected to the source/drain electrode through the planarization layer. An array substrate for an LCD is also disclosed.
US07727778B2	Magnetoresistive element and method of manufacturing the same A magnetoresistive element includes a stack formed by sequentially stacking a first fixed layer in which a magnetization direction is fixed, a first nonmagnetic layer, a free layer in which a magnetization direction is changeable, a second nonmagnetic layer, and a second fixed layer in which a magnetization direction is fixed, a first circumferential wall provided on the second nonmagnetic layer in contact with a circumferential surface of the second fixed layer to surround the second fixed layer, and made of an insulator, and a second circumferential wall provided on the first nonmagnetic layer in contact with a circumferential surface of the free layer to surround the free layer, and made of an insulator.
US07727776B2	Core-shell nanoparticles for detection based on SERS A nanoparticle having a self assembly monolayer of molecules as a shell on the nanoparticle. The monolayer may include organic molecules working as surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) reporters. Also, the core shell may include at least a receptor, and/or the like, to ensure that a target analyte can be bound for measurement with SERS. The target analyte may be organic, chemical, biological, inorganic, gas, liquid, solid, and so forth.
US07727774B2	Method and apparatus for automated coverslipping An apparatus and method for selecting and dispensing coverglasses over specimens on slides for the purpose of viewing specimens through a microscope. The selecting device contains a suctioning mechanism for picking up a coverglass from a stack of coverglasses. It also contains the ability to bend the coverglass to assist in separating the coverglasses. The apparatus further contains a matched barrier to eliminate any coverglasses that may stick to the selected coverglass. The selecting device also contains spring members which aid in the dispensing of the coverglass. After the suctioning mechanism releases the coverglass, the spring members exert a force onto the coverglass to insure that it is released from the selecting device and placed onto the slide. After placement of the coverglass onto the slide, capillary action pushes air bubbles out from underneath the coverglass.
US07727772B2	Fluid contamination analyzer and a sample cell therefor A fluid contamination analyzer has a sample cell containing a trapping medium capable of trapping contaminants suspended in the aqueous fluid flowing through the trapping medium, a light source for illuminating the trapping medium to cause the entrapped contaminants generate a secondary radiation indicative of the identity and quantity of the contaminants, and a photodetector for receiving the secondary radiation. The fluid contamination analyzer has a reflective shell in the form of an ellipsoid extending at least partially around the sample cell and the detector, the sample cell being positioned at one of the focal points of the ellipsoid, and the photodetector at the other point of the ellipsoid to receive the secondary radiation reflected by the reflective shell.
US07727771B2	Systems and methods for optical actuation of microfluidics based on OPTO-electrowetting The invention is related to methods and apparatus that manipulate droplets in a microfluidic environment. Advantageously, embodiments of the invention manipulate droplets by controlling the electro-wetting characteristics of a surface with light, thereby inducing a gradient in the surface tension of a droplet. The gradient in the surface tension propels the droplet by capillary force. A variety of operations, such as transporting, joining, cutting, and creating can be performed. Advantageously, embodiments of the invention obviate the need to create a relatively large and complex control electrode array. A plurality of photoconductive cells or a layer of a photoconductive material selectively couples an electrode carrying an electrical bias to otherwise floating conductive cells in response to a beam of light. The electrical bias applied to the conductive cell generates a localized electric field, which can change the contact angle of the droplet, thereby permitting the droplet to be propelled.
US07727770B2	System and method for spectrophotometric measurement of total alkalinity using a liquid core waveguide A system and method for spectrophotometrically measuring the total alkalinity of a liquid sample. In a particular aspect, the method involves equilibration of a CO2 gas with a sample solution across the permeable walls of a Teflon AF 2400 liquid core waveguide. The waveguide acts as both an equilibration membrane and an optical cell in which spectrophotometric pH measurements are obtained via measurements of absorbance ratios.
US07727767B2	Method for quantitative analysis of metal element contained in resin material Disclosed is a method for the quantitative analysis of a metal element contained in a resin material, which permits quantitatively analyzing the harmful substance such as lead contained in a resin material, comprising decomposing the resin material within a container having at least the inner surface formed of a glassy carbon in the presence of an aqueous solution of an oxidizing acid, heating the organic residue of the decomposed resin material so as to convert the residue into an ash, and quantitatively measuring the metal element contained in the organic residue converted into the ash.
US07727765B2	Method for leak testing an environmental enclosure Methods and apparatus are disclosed for leak testing the ventilation system of an environmental enclosure using a gas that is naturally present in ambient air, such as nitrogen, oxygen, argon, or carbon dioxide, as a tracer gas. In one embodiment, a gas filter capable of filtering all of the tracer gas from the air flowing through the filter is installed in the ventilation system. Testing is performed by operating the ventilation system to cause outside air to flow through the filter and into the enclosure so as to establish positive pressurization inside the enclosure. A gas monitor placed inside the enclosure is used to detect for the presence of leaks in the ventilation system by monitoring the concentration of the tracer gas inside the enclosure.
US07727762B2	Method of inducing the differentiation of stem cells into myocardial cells For a method of inducing differentiation of cardiomyocytes from stem cells, a method is provided to induce efficiently and selectively differentiation of cardiomyocytes by such a method in which the stem cells are cultured to induce differentiation into cardiomyocytes in the presence of a substance that inhibits BMP signaling.
US07727758B1	Extraction and brewing machine The present invention relates to an extraction and brewing machine having a tank, a fan assembly, a base aerator, an extractor head, and an extraction assembly. The extraction assembly has a container for being submerged in liquid held within the tank, and an extraction aerator. The container is comprised of a dome and a filter. The dome defines an interior region for vigorous mixing of air, compost and water. The filter can be a mesh bag. The extraction aerator can have openings near the bottom of the bag. The flow of air though the filter causes a current of liquid, air and microorganisms to exit the chamber. The base aerator aerates all the liquid in the tank. The microorganisms in the tea continue to grow and multiply in the tank after extraction from the chamber, and no particles pass the filter that could jam a spray nozzle.
US07727757B2	Methods of eliciting antiviral immune responses utilizing viral particles comprising photoinactivated reverse transcriptase Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) comprising reverse transcriptase inactivated by photoinactivation. The inactivated virus may be more safely handled, stored, and analyzed, used in diagnostic procedures and kits, and may be used as an immunogen to evoke an immune response. The immune response may protect an individual from challenges with live virus. Alternatively, the inactivated HIV particles may be used to augment the immune response to HIV in an infected individual.
US07727753B2	Plant dihydroorotase The present invention relates to a DNA encoding a polypeptide with dihydroorotase (EC 3.5.2.3) activity. Also, the invention relates to the use of this nucleic acid for the generation of an assay system.
US07727751B2	Method for the preparation of mycophenolate mofetil by enzyme tranesterification The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) in which an ester of mycophenolic acid (MPA) with a low-molecular-weight aliphatic alcohol is transesterified with N-(2-hydroxyethyl)morpholine in the presence of Candida antarctica lipase, and in which the MPA esterification reaction is carried out in the presence of Candida antarctica lipase using the corresponding alcohol as the solvent.
US07727744B2	Methods for obtaining directionally truncated polypeptides Methods, compositions and kits are disclosed for obtaining directionally truncated polypeptides by inserting a transposon. Preferably the transposon comprises a selectable marker and an ori, and optionally a promoter, a ribosome binding site and a translation start codon, into a target sequence in vitro or in vivo. Amplification products, varying in length depending on the transposon insertion site, are obtained using one primer that anneals to the target sequence and a second primer that anneals to the transposon. Amplification products are ligated to circular dsDNA, transformed into host cells, and individual colonies, each containing a directionally truncated clone of the target sequence, are obtained by plating on medium for which the selectable marker encodes resistance. Directionally truncated polypeptides encoded by the target sequence are obtained in vivo by inducing an RNAP in the host cells that uses the promoter or, in vitro by cell-free transcription and translation.
US07727742B2	Nucleic acid molecules encoding fibroblast growth factor-like polypeptides The present invention provides nucleic acid molecules encoding Fibroblast Growth Factor-like (FGF-like) polypeptides. The invention also provides vectors, host cells, and methods for producing FGF-like polypeptides.
US07727740B1	Methods for determining whether a chemical agent modulates enzymatic activity of an L-2-hydroxy acid oxidase The present invention provides methods for screening for one or more chemical agents that modulate the enzymatic activity of an L-2-hydroxy acid oxidase. The methods comprise the steps of (a) contacting an L-2-hydroxy acid oxidase, in a solution in vitro, with one or more chemical agents in the presence of a substrate that is capable of being oxidized by the L-2-hydroxy acid oxidase; (b) measuring the enzymatic activity of the L-2-hydroxy acid oxidase in the presence of the chemical agent to identify one or more candidate chemical agents that modulate L-2-hydroxy acid oxidase activity in vitro; and (c) administering the one or more identified candidate chemical agents to a test animal and measuring one or more physiological parameters.
US07727738B2	Methods for generating analogs of coenzyme A Methods to generate analogs of coenzyme A in vitro and in vivo are disclosed. The methods comprise reacting pantetheine or a derivative thereof with a reporter to form labeled pantetheine or a derivative thereof, phosphorylating the labeled pantetheine or derivative thereof to form phosphopantetheine or a derivative thereof, adenylating the labeled phosphopantetheine or derivative thereof to form a labeled dephosphoCoenzyme A or derivative thereof, and phosphorylating the 3′-hydrozyl of the labeled dephosphoCoenzume A or derivative thereof to form a labeled coenzyme A analog or derivative thereof.
US07727735B2	Detection and treatment of prostate cancer An antigen is shown to be associated with prostate cancer, and is useful for new methods and compositions for diagnosing or treating prostate cancer. This is particularly useful for individuals with prostate cancer who test negative for Prostate Specific Antigen. Additionally, this is useful for distinguishing between benign prostate disease and prostate cancer in a patient diagnosed or presenting with prostate dysfunction.
US07727733B2	Diagnosis of preeclampsia The present invention provides methods and compositions related to the detection and/or monitoring of the levels of angiogenic factors, specifically VEGF, PlGF and sFlt-1, in urine samples obtained from pregnant women and the effects of such levels on the risk of developing complications of pregnancy, including hypertensive disorders such as preeclampsia, in the first, second, and/or third trimester of pregnancy. The present invention also provides kits for identifying and screening patients at risk of developing a complication of pregnancy, such as preeclampsia.
US07727727B2	Pretreatment method for extraction of nucleic acid from biological samples and kits therefor The present invention relates to methods for pretreating biological samples for extraction of nucleic acid therefrom. The present invention employs a combination of at least one protein denaturant with one or more of the following elements to form a reaction mixture for extraction of nucleic acid: (1) at least one aprotic solvent, (2) stepwise heating, and (3) sample dilution.
US07727726B2	Process for starch liquefaction and fermentation The presently disclosed subject matter provides improved processes for processing starch from plant sources, including processes for starch liquefaction, for simultaneous liquefaction and saccharification, and for the preparation of ethanol. These processes can be performed without a pH adjustment and at relatively low temperatures. The processes can involve the use of starch-containing plant material derived from plants that express starch-digesting enzymes. The presently disclosed subject matter further relates to improved processes for the preparation of other starch-derived products, including dried distiller grain (dried distiller grain) and dried distiller grain and solubles (dried distiller grain and solubles), and to the starch-derived products, themselves.
US07727725B2	Genetic polymorphisms associated with liver fibrosis, methods of detection and uses thereof The present invention is based on the discovery of genetic polymorphisms that are associated with liver fibrosis and related pathologies. In particular, the present invention relates to nucleic acid molecules containing the polymorphisms, including groups of nucleic acid molecules that may be used as a signature marker set, variant proteins encoded by such nucleic acid molecules, reagents for detecting the polymorphic nucleic acid molecules and proteins, and methods of using the nucleic acid and proteins as well as methods of using reagents for their detection.
US07727724B2	Polymorphisms in voltage-gated sodium channel α 1-subunit as markers for therapy selection A method for determining whether a patient in need thereof will respond to chemotherapy by screening a suitable sample isolated from the patient for a pre-selected polymorphism present in the VGSC gene.
US07727718B2	Reagents for storage and preparation of samples for DNA analysis The present invention describes reagents and methods for storing and/or processing of biological samples for direct use in PCR and other DNA applications. After storage, the preserved DNA in the samples may then be processed and analyzed by known methods, e.g., PCR. the present invention provides in one aspect, a method for simple and rapid storage and/or processing of nucleic acids, such as DNA, from various sources, including but not limited to body fluids, various solutions, cells, plants, tissues, bacterial cell lysates containing plasmids, etc. The present invention further comprises reagents and methods employing glycols at alkaline pH to process biological samples and make DNA usable in PCR without further sample purification. Accordingly, the present invention provides in one aspect, a method for simple and rapid processing of nucleic acids, such as DNA, from various sources, including but not limited to body fluids, various solutions, cells, plants, tissues, bacterial cell lysates containing plasmids, etc.
US07727717B2	Methods of detecting Charcot-Marie Tooth disease type 2A Methods are described for screening a subject for risk of Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease Type 2A or for diagnosing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease or a predisposition for developing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease in a subject, by detecting the presence or absence of a mutation in the mitofusin gene in a biological sample collected from the subject. Methods are also described for detecting the presence of a genetic polymorphism associated with Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease Type 2A in a sample of patient nucleic acid, by amplifying a mitofusin gene sequence in the patient nucleic acid to produce an amplification product; and identifying the presence of a Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease Type 2A associated polymorphism in the amplification product.
US07727706B2	Recording method for dye-based recordable optical recording medium A recording method for a dye-based recordable optical recording medium including recording shortest marks on a recording layer containing a dye formed on a substrate having a guide groove using one pulse beam, and recording second shortest marks or still longer marks at a pulse power as high as or lower than that of the shortest marks using one pulse beam of which two sites of the front edge and rear edge of pulse are highly energized for a given length of time, wherein a ratio Pc/W4 during recording of each mark at 12 m/s or more is set within 1.0 to 3.0; or the irradiation time of the cooling pulse Tc after that the pulse is applied with beams when the Pc/W4 ratio is 0.14 or less is set to be as long as or shorter than the basic clock cycle T.
US07727701B2	Positive resist composition and method of forming resist pattern A positive resist composition that exhibits a large exposure margin, and excellent levels of resolution and dry etching resistance, as well as a method of forming a resist pattern that uses the positive resist composition. This resist composition includes a resin component (A), which contains acid dissociable, dissolution inhibiting groups and displays increased alkali solubility under the action of acid, and an acid generator component (B) that generates acid on exposure, wherein the resin component (A) contains a structural unit (a1) represented by a general formula (I) shown below, a structural unit (a2) in which a hydroxyl group within the above general formula (I) has been protected by substituting the hydrogen atom thereof with an acid dissociable, dissolution inhibiting group (II) represented by a general formula (II) shown below, and a structural unit (a3) in which a hydroxyl group within the above general formula (I) has been protected by substituting the hydrogen atom thereof with an acyclic acid dissociable, dissolution inhibiting group (III).
US07727699B2	Process for producing toner for electrophotography The present invention relates to a process for producing a toner for electrophotography, including: (a) a step of aggregating resin particles containing a resin binder in an aqueous medium; and (b) a step of unifying the aggregated resin particles, the step (a) including: (a-1) a step of adding a monovalent salt as an aggregating agent; and (a-2) a step of adding at least one compound selected from the group consisting of alkylethersulfates represented by the formula (1): R—O—(CH2CH2O)nSO3M (1) wherein R is an alkyl group; n represents an average molar number of addition and is a number of more than 0 and not more than 15 (0
US07727698B2	Image forming method Disclosed is an image forming method comprising developing a latent electrostatic image formed on the surface of a latent electrostatic image bearing body by a developer borne and conveyed by a developer bearing body which is brought into contact with a developer layer control member to control an amount of the developer on the surface of the developer bearing body through a nonmagnetic single-component development system, wherein an acid value (SAV) of the surface of the developer and a total acid value (TAV) of the developer meet the following requirements: 1
US07727695B2	Electrophotographic toner An electrophotographic toner is disclosed, comprising a binding resin, a colorant and a releasing agent, wherein the releasing agent comprises a first releasing agent component and a second releasing agent component, the first releasing agent component is a straight chain hydrocarbon compound exhibiting a melting point of 50 to 100° C. and the second releasing agent component is a branched hydrocarbon compound exhibiting a melting point of 50 to 100° C., and the second releasing agent component accounting for 5% to 90% by mass of the total amount of the first and second releasing agent components.
US07727694B2	Toner for developing electrostatic image, and image forming method and apparatus and process cartridge using the toner A toner including toner particles including a binder resin, and a colorant, and an external additive present on a surface of the toner particles, wherein the external additive includes a silica having an average primary particle diameter of from 100 to 500 nm and a BET specific surface area of from 800 to 1000 m2/g. An image forming method including forming an electrostatic image on an image bearing member; developing the electrostatic image with the toner to form a toner image; and transferring the toner image on to a receiving material. An image forming apparatus including an image bearing member bearing an electrostatic image; a developing device developing an electrostatic image with the toner to form a toner image on the image bearing member; a transfer device transferring the toner image to a receiving material; and a fixing device fixing the toner image on the receiving material.
US07727693B2	Electrophotographic photoreceptor, electrophotographic image forming method, and electrophotographic apparatus An object of the invention is to provide an electrophotographic photoreceptor showing high responsivity even under a low temperature and low humidity circumstance and capable of compatibilize the decrease of the size and the increase in the image forming speed of an electrophotographic apparatus. In a photosensitive layer of an electrophotographic photoreceptor, oxotitanium phthalocyanine having a crystal form showing a diffraction peak at a Bragg angle 2θ (error: 2θ±0.2°) of 27.2° in an X-ray diffraction spectrum is contained as a charge generating substance, and an enamine compound represented by the general formula for example, the structural formula (1-1) is contained as a charge transporting substance. Accordingly, the electrophotographic photoreceptor showing high responsivity even under a low temperature and low humidity circumstance is realized.
US07727692B2	Electrophotographic photoreceptor, image forming apparatus, and process cartridge An electrophotographic photoreceptor comprises: an electroconductive support; and a photosensitive layer on the electroconductive support, wherein the photosensitive layer comprises a functional layer, the functional layer comprising: a compound having a triple bond and a hydroxyl group in a molecule; and a cured product of a curable resin.
US07727682B2	System and method for providing phase shift mask passivation layer System and method for providing a passivation layer for a phase shift mask (“PSM”) are described. In one embodiment, a PSM comprises a transparent substrate; a phase shift pattern disposed on the transparent substrate; and a passivation layer disposed to substantially cover exposed surfaces of at least a portion of the phase shift pattern.
US07727679B2	Optical refractive index-modifying polymer composition, hologram recording material and method of controlling refractive index The present invention provides an optical refractive index-modifying polymer composition which can efficiently modulate (change) refractive index upon light irradiation, and exhibits such high storage stability that the once modulated refractive index does not substantially change anymore upon time elapse, and the optical refractive index-modifying polymer composition comprises as a main component a polymer (A) which is a polymer of monomers including an acrylic vinyl monomer represented by the following formula (1): CH2═C(R1)—C(═O)O—R2═CH2 (1) wherein R1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R2 represents a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and the molecule may contain a hetero atom or a halogen atom, as an essential component and contains a remaining radical-polymerizable side-chain vinyl group in the molecule, wherein the composition comprises a thermally curable polymer (B) in an amount of 5 to 60 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the polymer (A).
US07727675B2	Polymer electrolyte, method of preparing the same, and fuel cell using the polymer electrolyte A polymer electrolyte includes a heat-treated polymerization product of a polyurethane-based compound and a polyethylene(meth)acrylic acid, wherein the polyurethane-based compound is produced by polymerizing a diisocyanate-based compound, a phosphoric acid-based polyol, and a chain extender. The polymer electrolyte has a high ionic conductivity at high temperatures without causing deformation of an electrolyte membrane. The polymer electrolyte membrane can be inexpensively and simply manufactured, and the thickness of the membrane can be easily controlled. In addition, a large amount of phosphoric acid can be impregnated into the polymer electrolyte. A fuel cell that is operative at a temperature of 100° C. or higher under non-humidified conditions and has improved energy generating efficiency can be prepared by employing the polymer electrolyte membrane.
US07727669B2	Triazine compounds for removing acids and water from nonaqueous electrolytes for electrochemical cells A process is provided to produce non-aqueous electrolytic solution for use in batteries having low acid content and low water content. The invention involves removing acids and water from non-aqueous electrolytic solutions typically found in lithium or lithium-ion batteries by using nitrogen-containing compounds such as triazines. After treatment by a triazine such as melamine, the concentrations of acids and water in the electrolytic solutions are substantially decreased. The present invention provides a process to prepare extremely pure electrolytic solutions having low (<20 ppm) concentrations of both water and acids.
US07727668B2	Integrated cap assembly of a secondary battery and fabricating method thereof An integrated cap assembly of a secondary battery. A cap lamination forms a top portion of the secondary battery and serves as a connection terminal while the secondary battery is charged or discharged. A gasket is molded integrally with the cap lamination in such a manner that a peripheral portion of the cap lamination is inserted in the gasket, the gasket insulating the cap lamination from a can of the secondary battery and sealing a gap between the cap lamination and the can.
US07727663B2	Fuel cell with proton conducting membrane and with improved water and fuel management The present invention provides a cathode and a fuel cell, which are built to prevent escape of liquids, e.g. water and fuel solution, from the cell. Thus, according to a first aspect thereof, the present invention provides a cathode suitable for use in a fuel cell having a proton conducting membrane, the cathode comprising a plurality of layers including a catalyst layer and a hydrophobic porous support layer, wherein at least one of said plurality of layers is a liquid water leak-proof layer, which allows gas to pass through it and prevents passage of liquid water and/or aqueous fuel solution.
US07727661B2	Fuel cell system with gold gasket A flow passage member and a reformed gas supply pipe for supplying a reformed gas to a fuel cell stack are provided. Hot air to be supplied to the fuel cell stack flows through the flow passage member. A gold gasket is provided at a joint portion between the flow passage member and the reformed gas supply pipe. The gold gasket has malleability to achieve stable sealing performance and durability in the presence of the oxidizing atmosphere and the reducing atmosphere at high temperature.
US07727657B2	Fuel reservoir for fuel cell A fuel reservoir for a fuel cell detachably connected with a fuel cell main body is constituted from a fuel storing vessel of a tube type for storing a liquid fuel, a fuel discharge part and a follower which seals the liquid fuel and moves as the liquid fuel is consumed at the rear end of the liquid fuel. The inside of the fuel storing vessel includes a fuel storing chamber at least hermetically sealed with the follower and a pressurizing chamber filled with a means for pressing the follower staying in a state in which it is completely separated from the ambient air and hermetically sealed. The fuel reservoir for a fuel cell makes it possible to prevent boiling, bubbling and spouting of the liquid fuel and to stably supply the liquid fuel directly to a fuel cell main body.
US07727656B2	Wave-shaped flow board of fuel cells A wave-shaped flow board suitable for a fuel cell includes an injection-molded body substrate, a reaction zone recessed into a surface of the body substrate, and a wave-shaped current collector, which defines a plurality of independent fuel channels. The wave-shaped current collector is integrally mounted in the reaction zone and comprises a bendable conductive lug portion for providing an electrical connection between the wave-shaped current collector and a circuit on the surface of the wave-shaped flow board.
US07727654B2	Membrane-electrode assembly for solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell and method of producing the same Membrane-electrode assemblies are provided having a solid polymer electrolyte membrane that exhibits higher proton conductivity over a wide temperature range, and exhibits superior hot water resistance, chemical stability, toughness and mechanical strength. The membrane-electrode assemblies utilized for solid polymer electrolyte fuel cells include an anode electrode, a cathode electrode and a solid polymer electrolyte membrane, the anode electrode and the cathode electrode disposed on opposite sides of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane. The solid polymer electrolyte membrane contains a polyarylene copolymer with a specific constitutional unit having a fluorine atom and nitrile group introduced in their principal chains.
US07727653B2	Polymer electrolyte membrane and fuel cell using the same A polymer electrolyte membrane includes a poly(benzoxazole) polymer doped with at least one acid. The polymer electrolyte membrane is manufactured by impregnating poly(benzoxazole) with an acid and has better ionic conductivity at high temperatures and better mechanical properties than a conventional poly(benzoxazole) polymer electrolyte membrane. In addition, the polymer electrolyte membrane has equivalent thermal stability to a conventional polymer electrolyte membrane.
US07727651B2	Proton-conducting polymer membrane comprising polymers containing phosphonic acid groups and its use in fuel cells The present invention relates to a proton-conducting polymer membrane comprising polymers containing phosphonic acid groups which is obtainable by a process comprising the steps A) mixing of vinyl-containing phosphonic acid with one or more aromatic tetraamino compounds with one or more aromatic carboxylic acids, esters thereof, acid halides thereof or anhydrides thereof which contain at least two acid groups per carboxylic acid monomer, and/or mixing of vinyl-containing phosphonic acid with one or more aromatic and/or heteroaromatic diamino carboxylic acids, esters thereof, acid halides thereof or anhydrides thereof, B) heating of the mixture obtainable according to step A) under inert gas at temperatures of up to 350° C. to form polyazole polymers, C) application of a layer using the mixture from step A) and/or B) to a support, D) polymerization of the vinyl-containing phosphonic acid present in the sheet-like structure obtainable according to step C).
US07727647B2	Portable hydrogen fuel container charger A portable fuel cell charger has a water source and an electrolyzer coupled to the water source and adapted to be coupled to a power source. A fuel cell cartridge coupler is coupled to the electrolyzer and is adapted to be coupled to a fuel cell cartridge for providing pressurized hydrogen from the electrolyzer to the fuel cell cartridge.
US07727644B2	Grain-oriented electrical steel sheet and method for manufacturing grain-oriented electrical steel sheet In a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet having phosphate-based coatings, which contain no chromium and which impart a tension, on the surfaces of a steel sheet with ceramic underlying films therebetween, the coating amount of oxygen in the underlying film is 2.0 g/m2 or more and 3.5 g/m2 or less relative to both surfaces of the steel sheet. Consequently, a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet with a chromium-less coating is provided. The resulting steel sheet has coating properties at the same level as those of a steel sheet with chromium-containing coatings and realizes high hygroscopicity resistance and a low iron loss without variations.
US07727635B2	Abrasion-resistant coating composition and coated article A coating composition that is capable of forming a coating film that combines abrasion resistance and crack resistance. The composition comprises: (A) a silicone resin obtained by hydrolysis and condensation of an alkoxysilane that includes an alkoxysilane represented by a general formula (1): (R1)mSi(OR2)4-m (1) (wherein, R1 represents a hydrogen atom, or a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent hydrocarbon group, R2 represents an alkyl group of 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and m represents either 0 or 1), (B) hydrophobic silica microparticles, (C) a curing catalyst, and (D) a solvent.
US07727634B2	Decorative glass laminate containing an ultraviolet printed image thereon and a method for preparing said decorative glass laminate This invention is directed to a plastic composite comprising color images printed onto a polymeric support film using UV ink. The polymeric support film layer may be bonded to a polymeric film selected from the group consisting of aliphatic polyurethane and ethyl vinyl acetate. The combined laminate can then optionally be disposed between two layers of plasticized PVB, forming the plastic composite. The plastic composite can then be placed between two sheets of glass forming the final laminated glass product. Preferably, when the UV image is printed on the polymeric support film, the image is only partially cured by a UV lamp. After the polymeric support film is contacted with the polymeric film, with the partially cured UV image therebetween, the laminate is exposed to a second UV lamp operating at full power so as to completely cure the UV image.
US07727633B2	Solar control glazing laminates A solar control glazing laminate may include a solar control film disposed between first and second polyvinyl butyral layers and first and second glazing substrates. The solar control film may include an infrared radiation reflecting polymeric film and a polymeric binder layer disposed on the infrared radiation reflecting polymeric film. The polymeric binder layer may include a polyester and cross-linked multi-functional acrylate segments and may have infrared radiation absorbing nanoparticles dispersed therein.
US07727632B2	Glass coating The invention relates to a coating for temperable substrates, in particular of glass panes. This coating comprises for example directly on the substrate an Si3N4 layer, thereon a CrN layer, thereon a TiO2 layer and lastly an Si3N4 layer.
US07727630B2	Coated nickel-containing powders Nickel powder batches and methods for producing nickel powder batches. The powder batches include particles having a small particle size, narrow size distribution and a spherical morphology. The present invention is also directed to devices incorporating the nickel metal powders.
US07727624B2	Super-compressible carbon nanotube films and micro-bundles An open-cell carbon nanotube foam is made of a plurality of separated carbon nanotubes. The foam exhibits a Poisson's ratio substantially equal to zero, a compressibility of at least 85%, a recovery rate of at least 120 mm/min, a compressive strength of at least 12 MPa, a sag factor of at least 4, a fatigue resistance to no more than 15% permanent deformation when subjected to at least 1,000 compressive cycles at a strain of 85%, and/or a resilience of between 25% and 30%. The carbon nanotubes may be multiwalled carbon nanotubes that are aligned parallel to a thickness of a film comprising the foam.
US07727621B2	Insert for milling of steel The present invention relates to a cutting tool, e.g. carbide insert, solid carbide drill or mill or carbide tip, particularly for milling of steels, stainless steel, HRSA, titanium or any alloyed material from any of these groups, comprising a cemented carbide substrate and an aperiodic multilayer coating with: a substrate of cemented carbide having a composition of from about 8 to about 11 wt-% Co, from about 0.1 to about 0.5 wt-% Cr and balance essentially tungsten carbide and a coating which is essentially an aperiodic multilayer consisting of layers A+B+A+B+A . . . where the sublayers A and B consist of AlxTi1-xN and TiyAl1-yN respectively. The typical average thickness of each A+B sequence is in the range from about 30 to about 300 nm and the total thickness of the coating in the range from about 0.5 to about 20 μm. The total chemical composition averaged over the whole coating consists of TizAl1-zN where z lies in the range from about 0.40 to about 0.70.
US07727620B2	Heat-shrinkable layered polyolefin film, heat-shrinkable label, and container with the label attached thereto A heat-shrinkable polyolefin series laminated film having excellent firmness (stiffness at ordinary temperature) of film, resistance to fingerprint bleaching, shrink finishability, transparency and regeneration additivity, with a small natural shrinkage and accurately separable by specific gravity, can be provided by, in a laminated film provided with a surface layer (I) and an intermediate layer (III), forming the surface layer (I) with a mixed resin of cyclic olefin series resin and a polyethylene series resin (A) with a Tm of 80° C. or higher but no greater than 125° C. as a main component, and, forming the intermediate layer (III) with a resin composition having as a main component a cyclic olefin series resin, preferably a mixed resin composition of a cyclic olefin series resin and a polyethylene series resin (C) with a Tm exceeding 125° C. but no greater than 140° C., as a main component.
US07727615B2	Pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet To provide a pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet according to which air entrapment and blistering can be prevented or eliminated via through-holes, and yet the appearance compares favorably with that of a pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet having no through-holes therein, as a substrate 11 there is used one having a surface roughness (Ra) of not less than 0.03 μm, a lightness (L) in the Lab color system of not more than 60 in the case of having a chroma (C) of not more than 60 and a lightness (L) of not more than 85 in the case of having a chroma (C*) greater than 60, and a contrast ratio of not less than 90%, through-holes 2 passing through the substrate 11 and a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 12 are made to have a diameter in the substrate 11 and the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 12 of from 0.1 to 200 μm, a diameter at a surface of the substrate 11 of from 0.1 to 42 μm, and a hole density of from 30 to 50,000 per 100 cm2, in the case that melted portions formed by a laser are present around the through-holes 2 at the surface of the substrate 11, the melted portions are made to have an outside diameter of not more than 50 μm, and in the case that thermally deformed portions are present around the through-holes 2 at the surface of the substrate 11, the thermally deformed portions are made to have an outside diameter of not more than 180 μm.
US07727614B2	Edge protector with cushion insert An edge protector is provided for protecting an edge or corner of an article. The edge protector includes a cushion insert having an inner surface adapted to engage the corner of the article, and an outer surface provided with a pair of spaced apart retaining elements. A reinforcing body has an inner surface engaged against the outer surface of the cushion insert and a pair of spaced apart outer edges retained by the retaining elements of the cushion insert.
US07727612B2	Automotive floor mat and automotive floor mat fastener An automotive vehicle floor mat M to be laid on a foot space of a driver's seat, characterized in that retainer holes to be retained at retainer pins implanted on a vehicle floor side, are provided at two positions at a predetermined interval near a rear edge portion of the mat, a first retainer hole of the two position retainer holes is provided on a right rear side of the mat and in the vicinity of a rear extension portion of an accelerator pedal, a second retainer hole is provided on a rear extension portion of a brake pedal and rather on a center side of the mat than the first retainer hole, a retainer member having a rigidity is provided on an inner edge of each retainer hole, and a thickness of the retainer member is smaller than a height of the retainer pins.
US07727611B2	Film comprising individual anchored filaments The invention relates to a film comprising individual anchored filaments. More specifically, the invention relates to the female part of a hook-and-loop self-adhering support, comprising a plastic film and independent filaments which are fixed to one of the faces of the film. The invention is characterized in that part of the length of each filament is anchored to the plastic film, while the remainder thereof is disposed at a distance from the film, such as to form loops. According to the invention, the film is made from a non-elastic and non-heat-shrinkable material and the filaments have a count of less than 10, preferably less than or equal to 7.7, for example between 2 and 5 decitex.
US07727607B2	Multi-layer dry paint decorative laminate having discoloration prevention barrier A decorative dry paint wall film includes a layer of dry paint, a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer on one side of the dry paint layer, and a release liner in releasable contact with the dry paint layer on a side opposite from the pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA). The release liner has a matte release coat layer that contacts the dry paint layer. The release liner is released from the dry paint layer after the PSA side is attached to a wall. The matte release coat transfers a matte finish to the dry paint layer when the release liner is removed. The wall film includes a barrier layer to protect against significant discoloration of the color in the dry paint layer caused by migration of azo-type pigments from a painted wall surface. The barrier layer in one embodiment comprises a dry emulsion containing ethylene-vinyl alcohol and a dispersed polymeric material which in one embodiment comprises a urethane material.
US07727605B2	Plastic container A plastic container having a base portion adapted to support the container, a cylindrical sidewall projecting upwardly from the base, and a neck finish projecting upwardly from the sidewall and having an opening to the inside of the container. The container has a molded outer layer with inner and outer surfaces and an inner layer extending over the inner surface of the sidewall and base, with the neck finish free from the inner layer. The outer layer contains at least one oxygen scavenger material that reacts with oxygen, and the inner layer includes at least one oxygen barrier material.
US07727604B2	Smokeable planar or tubular-shaped food covering or film for food packagings, and method for the production thereof The present invention proposes a smokable planar or hose-type food casing or food casing film for food packagings, such as, e.g., sausage casings, shrink bags or the like on polymer basis, which is for the first time manufactured in the jet-blasting process from a homogeneous molten plastic material consisting of a plastic mixture consisting of at least of PA (polyamide) with PVAL (polyvinyl alcohol) and PEBAX (polyether block amide). The food casing or food casing film has a water vapor permeability that is at least 1 kg/m2 within 24 h. Its oxygen permeability at a film thickness of 30 μm is less than 2.1 cm3/m2 within 24 h. Moreover the present invention for the first time proposes a method for manufacturing it.
US07727600B2	Liquid crystal display device A liquid crystal display device comprises a color filter substrate and an array substrate. An optical compensation film is disposed on the color filter substrate and/or the array substrate, wherein the optical compensation film comprises a polyimide, comprising the following formula: wherein n is an integer greater than 1, and wherein when A is cyclo-aliphatic compound, B is aromatic compound or cyclo-aliphatic compound, and when A is aromatic compound, B is cyclo-aliphatic compound.
US07727599B2	Use of particulate emulsifiers in abhesive siloxane-containing coating materials The invention relates to a durably homogeneous, low-viscosity, radiation-curable coating material comprising a) x (meth)acrylated polysiloxanes and if desired b) y (meth)acrylated organic compounds and c) at least one particulate emulsifier having an average particle size of <1000 nm in at least one dimension, with the proviso that x≧1, y≧0, the sum of x+y≧2 and the mixture of components a) and b) alone is not durably homogeneous.
US07727596B2	Method for fabricating a composite gas separation module A method for fabricating a composite gas separation module includes depositing a preactivated powder over a porous substrate; depositing a binder metal onto the preactivated powder; and depositing a dense gas-selective membrane to overlie the preactivated powder and binder metal, thereby forming the composite gas separation module. The preactivated powder can be, for example, selected from the group consisting of preactivated metal powders, preactivated metal oxide powders, preactivated ceramic powders, preactivated zeolite powders, and combinations thereof. The preactivated powder can be deposited, for example, from a slurry such as a water-based slurry. In some embodiments, the dense gas-selective membrane is a dense hydrogen-selective membrane.
US07727595B2	Coating compositions containing a carbinol functional silicone resin or an anhydride functional silicone resin A radiation or thermal curable coating composition contains a cycloaliphatic epoxide resin, a carbinol functional silicone resin or an anhydride functional silicone resin, and a thermal or photoactivated acid catalyst. An organic polyol may also be included in the composition as an optional component. The composition is useful as a radiation curable coating, as an adhesive, a photodefinable coating, or as a thermal cure coating. The cycloaliphatic epoxide resin adds toughness and adhesion to the composition, whereas either of the carbinol functional silicone resin or the anhydride functional silicone resin provides the composition with water resistance, weatherability, thermal stability, and flexibility.
US07727594B2	Method for drying coated film, and apparatus therefor According to the drying method and apparatus of the present invention, at first, the coated film on one end side of the support is more quickly dried than that on the other end side, because drying air is supplied from one end side of the support. Subsequently, the coated film on the other end side of the support is more quickly dried than that on one end side, because drying air is supplied from the other end side of the support. Accordingly, the method and the apparatus can diminish a difference between drying rates in on one end side and in the other end side of the long support, in the whole drying zone. Thus, the method and the apparatus can uniformly dry the support and inhibit the production of a dry spot.
US07727592B2	Coated insert The present invention relates to a cutting insert particularly for turning of stainless steel comprising a cemented carbide substrate and a post-treated coating with a substrate of cemented carbide having a composition of from about 5.0 to less than about 8.0 wt % Co, from about 3.0 to about 8.0 wt % cubic carbides of the metals Ti, Ta and Nb with a Ti/(Ti+Ta+Nb) ratio of from about 0.05 to about 0.3 and balance tungsten carbide (WC) having a grain size of from about 1.5 to about 3.5 μm in the as-sintered state. Further, the substrate has a surface zone of from about 5 to about 30 μm characterized by an enrichment of binder phase and a depletion of cubic carbides, and a coating having a first, innermost layer system of one or several layers of TiCxNyOz with x+y+z≦1 with a total thickness of from about 0.7 to about 5.5 μm and a second multilayer system consisting of from about 5 to about 31 alternating layers of Al2O3 and TiCxNyOz (x+y+z≦1), preferably κ-Al2O3 and TiN, the Al2O3-layers having an individual layer thickness of less than about 0.5 μm and the TiCxNyOz-layers less than about 0.2 μm with a total thickness of the multilayer of from about 1.0 to about 5.0 μm. The multilayer is exposed along the edge line and into the rake and flank face. In an alternative embodiment the multilayer is replaced by an Al2O3-layer.
US07727587B2	Method of manufacturing honeycomb and foam composite material A composite product is formed from a honeycomb panel having an array of hexagonal tubular cells which clamped between two press plates where a layer of a foaming agent is applied to only the bottom press plate such that the foaming agent expands into the cells. An array of grooves is provided in the top press plate and connected at one or both edges of the plate to a source of vacuum so as to draw air through the grooves and cells. A sheet of a polyethylene material having the characteristics that it is permeable to air, substantially impermeable to liquid and resistant to bonding to the foam is applied onto the press plate to prevent the foam entering the grooves and bonding to the press plate while allowing the air to be drawn from the cells.
US07727582B2	Rubbing method and method and apparatus for producing optical film According to the rubbing method of the present invention, since the support is pressed against the rubbing roller by applying fluid pressure to the backside of the support (web), uniform rubbing can be performed without generating wrinkles on the web. In other words, because the web is pressed by fluid pressure, the web follows the rubbing roller, and the orientation film on the surface of the web can be controlled to the optimal condition upon rubbing treatment without generating wrinkles on the web. With this, defects on the surface caused by poor orientation can be significantly reduced.
US07727581B2	Process for applying a coating on an optical lens face and implementation system A process is provided where at least one main face of an optical lens is subjected to a corona discharge or atmospheric plasma treatment. The optical lens is dipped in a curable coating composition to deposit a layer of the curable coating composition on said main face, and is then cured. During the whole process, the optical lens is carried by a same lens holder so that the lens face is freely accessible and without necessitating manual handling of the lens.
US07727579B2	Process for the production of highly-textured, band-shaped, high-temperature superconductors The formation of band-shaped HTSL on a metal substrate is disclosed. The HTSL includes at least one buffer layer comprising zirconates and/or rare-earth oxides. The HTSL layer is formed on the buffer layer. The buffer layer has a texturing that in the case of a RHEED measurement results in discrete reflexes and not only in diffraction rings. In particular, the buffer layer may be textured along its interface with the HTSL layer.
US07727568B2	Antimicrobial composition comprising a mixture of lactic acid or a derivative thereof and an inorganic acid The invention relates to an antimicrobial composition comprising a mixture of at least 20 wt. % lactic acid or a derivative thereof and an inorganic acid selected from a nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorous acid, and mixtures thereof for use in animal nutrition. In one of the embodiments the composition further comprises at least one other acid selected from acetic acid, fumaric acid, gluconic acid, (iso)butyric acid, sorbic acid, (iso)valeric acid, maleic acid, malic acid, capronic acid, benzoic acid, and citric acid. In a special embodiment the composition comprises lactic acid or polylactide, which is attached to a support.
US07727567B2	Method of establishing the integrity of a product located in a container To establish the integrity of a product located in a container a given feature of the product in the container is determined by means of a first measurement method in which a first physical property of the product is ascertained, the given feature is additionally ascertained at least directly or by means of a second measurement method which is based on a second physical property which is different from the first physical property, and the values obtained by means of the two measurement methods of the given feature are compared. If the product is a drink in a bottle and if the given feature is the fill level, the first measurement method can consist of the fill level being measured by means of absorption of an X-ray beam, and the second measurement method can consist of the change effected by the bottle in the resonant frequency of a high-frequency oscillating circuit being measured.
US07727561B2	Composition comprising Xanthoceras sorbifolia extracts, compounds isolated from same, methods for preparing same and uses thereof This invention provides compositions, methods and process of producing extracts and pure compounds from Xanthoceras sorbifolia. The extract comprises saponins and other constituents including alkaloids, coumarins, saccharides, proteins, polysaccharides, glycosides, tannins, acid, flavonoids and others. The composition can be used for treating cancer and other conditions, such as arthritis, rheumatism, poor circulation, arteriosclerosis, Raynaud's syndrome, angina pectoris, cardiac disorder, coronary heart disease, headache, kidney disorder, and impotence; for improving cerebral functions; or for curing enuresis, frequent micturition, urinary incontinence, dementia, weak intelligence and Alzheimer's disease, autism, brain trauma, Parkinson's, cerebral dysfunctions, and treating arthritis, rheumatism, poor circulation, arteriosclerosis, Raynaud's syndrome, angina pectoris, cardiac disorder, headache, dizziness, kidney disorder. This invention provides compounds of oleanene triterpenoidal saponin in nature with the characteristics that at least one angeloyl group attached to Carbon 21 or/and 22, or/and linked to the sugar. The compounds of the present invention have various pharmaceutical and therapeutic applications.
US07727559B2	Inhibition of reactive oxygen species and protection of mammalian cells Methods and compositions useful for neuronal protection in retinal cells in vitro and the protection of mammalian cells from reactive oxygen species in vivo are provided. Ultrafine nano-size cerium oxide particles, less than 10 nanometers in diameter, have been provided to decrease reactive oxygen species (ROS) in retina tissue that generates large amounts of ROS. These reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in light-induced retina degeneration and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Cerium oxide nanoparticles have been used to promote the lifespan of retinal neurons and protect the neurons from apoptosis induced by hydrogen peroxide in vitro and in vivo. The neuronal protection in retinal cells is achieved by decreasing generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Thus, cerium oxide particles are used to promote the longevity of retinal neurons in vitro and mammalian cells in vivo.
US07727557B2	Pharmaceutical formulation containing irritant Disclosed in certain embodiments is an oral dosage form comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a drug susceptible to abuse; and an effective amount of an irritant to impart an irritating sensation to an abuser upon administration of said dosage form after tampering.
US07727555B2	Particles Particles and related methods are disclosed. In some embodiments, a method of making particles can include forming a stream of a mixture including first and second materials, exposing the stream to a vibration, and treating the stream to form particles. The vibration can have, for example, a sinusoidal, triangular, and/or sawtooth waveform.
US07727551B2	Oral pharmaceutical compositions with modified release of the active ingredient The present invention relates to modified-release oral pharmaceutical compositions containing one or more active principles solubilized, suspended or embedded in a suitably formulated amphiphilicmatrix which, loaded in hydrophilic matrices, provides different release profiles.
US07727546B2	Nutrient system for individualized responsive dosing regimens Individualized responsive dosing dietary supplement systems, compositions, methods of dosing, and processes of producing the same, which allow a consumer to generate individualistic biological responses/effects. More specifically, a dietary supplement system for generating individualized biological conditions/responses which utilizes ultra-low dosage amounts of vitamins, minerals, amino acids, co-enzymes, and/or other nutrients in a bio-active delivery system which preferably avoids first pass metabolism, such that an individual may take multiple doses of the same or different dietary supplement based on varying desired biological response within each 24 hour period is also disclosed.
US07727545B2	Polymeric fluorinated dioxole and medical devices comprising same A polymeric material having improved gas permeability comprises units of fluorinated dioxole. The polymeric material may further comprise units of a hydrophobic monomer, a hydrophilic monomer, or combinations thereof. Such a polymeric material is desirably used to produce medical devices, such as ophthalmic devices that provide increased comfort to a user.
US07727542B2	Bioactive materials, methods of making bioactive materials and method of use thereof A bioactive material is made using fibroin solutions and suspensions that can be used alone or as a composite with particles such as core/shell particles. The material is designed to support the constructions, repair, regeneration or augmentation of bone and other tissues of the body. The solutions and suspensions can be loaded with core/shell-type particles comprising inorganic core materials that are coated with biodegradable polymers with an outer coating of a calcium phosphate precursor. The fibroin solutions, suspensions, and composites can be injected to fill cavities or to replace missing tissue. After injection, the materials can produce a scaffold capable of promoting tissue regeneration while degrading. The degradation of the particles, when present, can generate additional porosity within the scaffold and release other compounds in a controlled manner to enhance growth and activation of the cells necessary for tissue repair. The ability to inject the fibroin solutions, suspensions and composites can reduce the need for many types of surgical procedures that are used to replace or repair bone and other tissues.
US07727541B2	Medical devices having polymeric regions based on vinyl ether block copolymers According to an aspect of the present invention, implantable or insertable medical devices are provided, which contain one or more polymeric regions, which in turn contain at least one block copolymer. The block copolymer includes (a) at least one high Tg (glass transition temperature) polymer block that contains at least one high Tg vinyl ether monomer and (b) at least one low Tg polymer block that contains at least one low Tg vinyl ether monomer.
US07727534B2	Reovirus clearance of ras-mediated neoplastic cells from mixed cellular compositions Reovirus can be used to selectively remove ras-mediated neoplastic cells from a cellular composition. It is of particular interest to purge autographs which may contain neoplastic cells with reovirus before transplanting the autographs back into the recipient, thereby reducing the risk of introducing or reintroducing neoplastic cells into the recipient.
US07727529B2	Human monoclonal antibody Fab fragments directed against HCV E2 glycoprotein and endowed with in vitro neutralizing activity The invention refers to a human antibody, or its functional fragments, directed against the HCV E2 glycoprotein, able to have a neutralizing activity in vivo; a composition for anti-HCV therapy comprising in a therapeutically effective amount the antibody; a composition for topical use in gel, creme, ointment and ovule formulations; the use of the antibody for validating anti-HCV vaccines.

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