最新美国发明专利第2010-03-02期 - 专利汇|PatentHub专利检索|专利查询网|发明专利查询分析

Document	Document Title
US07672450B2	Network interface device enclosure The disclosure describes an active network interface device (NID) enclosure having a modular construction that provides flexibility to a vendor and permits independent access to technician-accessible connections and subscriber-accessible connections while promoting resistance to environmental and security threats. The active NID enclosure includes an electronics enclosure and an access enclosure. The electronics enclosure contains active electronic components for conversion of data carried on a network signal carrier into services for delivery to subscriber devices. The access enclosure includes two separate access compartments, having separate covers, for independent access to either network terminals or subscriber terminals.
US07672449B2	Multimode xDSL line card adaptive activation method and its system This invention presents a multimode xDSL line card adaptive activation method, comprising the following steps: A) A master controller is installed and configured with multiple templates based on the modes of operation supported by a line card, and forwards templates to said line card; B) The line card receives templates forwarded by the master controller and activates the line card communications chip; C) The communications chip communicates with the remote CPE and decides on a mode of operation according to a handshake protocol; D) The line card employs a corresponding template according to the mode of operation chosen in Step C, and practices circuit activation with the CPE. This invention solves the existing problems in current multimode xDSL technology of poor compatibility and inability to adapt effectively.
US07672448B2	Network interface device with a remote power source Various methods, apparatuses, and systems in which a residential gateway is located at the network interface device and is powered with a remote power source inside the residence. In another embodiment, bi-directional data communication between the residential gateway and the remote power source is also enabled.
US07672445B1	Method and system for nonlinear echo suppression Techniques for suppressing large echo due to nonlinearity, instable adaptive filter, and so on. An echo cancellation system includes an echo canceller unit, a nonlinear echo detection unit, and a nonlinear echo suppression unit. The echo canceller unit (e.g., an adaptive filter) receives a reference signal and a near-end signal, derives an echo estimate signal based on the reference and near-end signals, cancels a portion of echo in the near-end signal based on the echo estimate signal, and provides an intermediate signal having residual echo. The nonlinear echo detection unit detects for large nonlinear echo in the echo estimate signal. The nonlinear echo suppression unit suppresses large nonlinear echo in the first intermediate signal based on a variable gain, which may be adjusted lower if large nonlinear echo is detected and higher otherwise.
US07672443B2	Virtual private network dialed number nature of address conversion A method and system for handling identical VPN numbers assigned to multiple companies using a nature of address/number identifier initiated as public. The method includes receiving a query from a switch module to determine routing information for a call initiated by a calling party, the query including dialed digits with a nature of address identifier, and a calling party identifier updating the nature of address identifier associated with dialed digits to a private type code if a VPN coding identifier is determined present, looking up routing information associated with the dialed digits in a look-up table corresponding to the calling party identifier if the nature of address identifier includes the private type code, and transmitting the routing information to the switch module.
US07672436B1	Voice rendering of E-mail with tags for improved user experience Tags, such as XML tags, are inserted into email to separate email content from signature blocks, privacy notices and confidentiality notices, and to separate original email messages from replies and replies from further replies. The tags are detected by a system that renders email as speech, such as voice command platform or network-based virtual assistant or message center. For example, the system can detect the signature block or privacy notice tags and not render the signature block or privacy notice as speech. The system can render an original email message in one voice mode and the reply in a different voice mode. The tags can be inserted to identify a voice memo in which a user responds to a particular portion of an email message. Preferably, an email server that receives and stored the email message inserts the tags into the email. Alternatively, the tags could be inserted by an email client application. The tags are detected by an email parser, which can be incorporated into the system rendering email as speech, or, alternatively implemented in a separate logical entity.
US07672427B2	Imaging system It is disclosed an imaging system comprising: radiation generating means including at least one radiation source for generating radiations; data acquiring means including an detector matrix faced the radiation source for obtaining projection data by receiving radiations penetrated through an object to be inspected; transporting means for making the object to be inspected between the radiation source and the detector matrix linearly moving relative to the radiation source and the detector matrix; and controlling and image processing means for controlling the radiation generating means, the data acquiring means and the transporting means, and for reconstructing an image of the object to be inspected from the projection data. The imaging system according to the present invention achieves a real stereoscopic radiography by using straight-line trajectory scan and reconstructing a tomographic or stereoscopic image through a straight-line filtered back-projection algorithm. The present imaging system has advantages of fast examination speed, no rotation, and out of large cone-angle problem in a circular-orbit cone-beam CT.
US07672422B2	Radiation scanning of objects for contraband Systems and methods for the radiation scanning of objects, including large objects such as cargo containers, to identify contraband.
US07672417B2	Clock and data recovery A data and clock recovery circuit having a retimer mode and a resync mode. In one embodiment, a receiver circuit includes; a retimer; a clock recovery circuit to provide a clock signal to the retimer; and an adjustable delay to provide a delayed version of an input signal to the retimer. When in a resync mode, the adjustable delay causes a pre-selected delay in the input signal and the clock recovery circuit dynamically selects a clock phase to generate the clock signal. When in a second mode, the adjustable delay dynamically adjusts the delayed version of the input signal and the clock recovery circuit outputs the clock signal having a pre-selected clock phase.
US07672411B2	Radio receiver A radio receiver comprising: an antenna for receiving a radio frequency signal amplitude modulated with an audio frequency signal; a digitizer for periodically sampling the radio frequency signal and generating a digital reception signal representative of the amplitude of the radio frequency signal; and a demodulator for demodulating the digital reception signal to generate a representation of the audio frequency signal.
US07672410B2	Diversity receiver This invention provides a diversity receiver, which has N branches for receiving M versions of an input signal. The diversity receiver comprises N channel state information estimators, a demodulator and a combining and demapping device. After receiving the M versions of the input signal, the demodulator performs demodulation and then generates M demodulated signals. N channel state information estimators, one channel state information estimator equipped for each branch, respectively fetches the signals from the demodulator to generate M channel parameters related to the M versions of the input signal. The combining and demapping device receives the M demodulated signals, performs signal combining operations and symbol demapping, and finally generate a pre-correcting signal.
US07672407B2	Mitigation of interference from periodic noise A method and apparatus for mitigation of interference from periodic noise. An embodiment of a method includes receiving wireless signal data, where the data includes a periodic noise that varies in frequency over time. The method further includes performing a time-spectrum characterization of the data, and correlating the time-spectrum characterization of the data to determine a period of the periodic noise. The noise is dynamically weighted based at least in part on frequency variation of the noise.
US07672402B2	Data processing apparatus and method and encoding device A data processing apparatus able to start decoding at a timing earlier than the conventional timing and able to reduce the storage capacity required for a storing means for storing the encoded data until a decoding side decodes the input encoded data in comparison with the conventional storage capacity, which apparatus selects frame data from frame data f(5) having the last decoding order to frame data f(0) having the first decoding order for processing for calculating a delay time min_delay and calculates the delay time min_delay. It calculates the delay time min_delay indicating the delay time from when the decoding side starts to receive input of the frame data to when the data is decoded based on the specified size and the bit rate of the input of the frame data to the decoding side for each of the frame data for processing.
US07672394B2	Transmission apparatus and transmission method A transmission apparatus capable of preventing both degrading of the error rate characteristic and deterioration of throughput caused by repeated retransmissions. In the apparatus, arrangement determination section 103 determines in an initial transmission to perform general constellation mapping, and determines in a retransmission to vary a constellation mapping position or vary a bit arrangement of each symbol according to the number of retransmissions. Data interchanging section 105 interchanges transmission data for each bit on a symbol basis to be in a bit arrangement determined by arrangement determining section 103. Mapper section 106 configures (maps) the transmission data input from data interchanging section 105 in each symbol to be mapped in the constellation mapping position determined in arrangement determining section 103.
US07672389B2	Method for transmitting symbols through at least a communication channel The present invention concerns a method for transmitting symbols through at least a channel in a telecommunication system including at least one transmitter (10) provided with at least two transmitting antennas (Antt 1, Antt 2) and at least one receiver provided with at least one receiving antenna (Antr 1), the method includes an encoding step wherein a vector comprising symbols is multiplied by a coding matrix for producing coded symbols to be transmitted over the at least one communication channel established between the transmitter (10) and the receiver (20), wherein the coding matrix is calculated from an eigenvalue decomposition of a matrix obtained by calculating at least the Kronecker product of the identity matrix of size N, N being the time and/or the frequency dimension of the code and a matrix obtained from an estimated correlation matrix of the response of the channel. The invention concerns also the associated device and a method and device for decoding symbols.
US07672387B2	Multiple input, multiple output wireless communication system, associated methods and data structures Embodiments of multiple input multiple output wireless communication systems, associated methods and data structures are generally described herein.
US07672385B2	Radio apparatus A modem unit inputs a combination, of control signal and data signal, which is to use a plurality of subcarriers. Among a plurality of combinations inputted, the modem unit performs interleaving with a size defined by the first number of subcarriers on a control signal and performs interleaving with the size defined by the second number of subcarriers on a data signal. The modem unit appends additional signals to control signals contained in the second and the subsequent combinations in a plurality of combinations interleaved. The modem unit appends additional signals whose number of subcarriers is equal to the difference between the first number of subcarriers and the second number of subcarriers.
US07672382B2	OFDM receiving method and apparatus In order to improve upon a degradation in performances due to inter-carrier interference without loss of transmission efficiency, antennas provided on a mobile body are made directional antennas. An antenna selection unit selects a directional antenna in such a manner that Doppler shift that is caused by movement of the mobile body will keep a constant sign that is positive or negative, a fading-variation calculation unit calculates the average value of fading variation on each path of a multipath environment, and a fading-variation compensation unit compensates the multipath fading variation based upon the average value.
US07672381B1	Method of multiple-carrier communication within a noncontiguous wideband spectrum and apparatus therefor A method (20) of orthogonal frequency-division multiplex (OFDM) communication via a plurality of subchannels (30) within a noncontiguous wideband channel (24) is provided. The method (20) determines an SNR for each of the subchannels (30). The method (20) then designates a subchannel (30) as clear (93) when its SNR is greater than a least-SNR threshold (70), as impeded (95) when its SNR is less than the least-SNR threshold and greater than an SNR-evaluation threshold, and as obstructed (111) when its SNR is less than both the least-SNR and the SNR-evaluation thresholds. The method (20) then transmits OFDM data (34) so that each of the clear subchannels receives the OFDM data (34) at a maximum subchannel signal level (40), each of the impeded subchannels receives the OFDM data (34) at an intermediate subchannel signal level (42), and each of the obstructed subchannels receives the OFDM data (34) at zero subchannel signal level (44).
US07672378B2	Spatio-temporal graph-segmentation encoding for multiple video streams A multiple video stream capture and encoding apparatus produces compressed data that represents multiple video streams capturing a common scene. Images from multiple video streams are analyzed to identify image color segments that are encoded into a composite graph data structure. Corresponding image segments across the multiple video streams are also identified and represented by one node in the composite graph data structure. The composite graph data structure also includes links between pairs of nodes that describe the relationship between the image segments associated with those nodes. The composite graph data structure is updated to represent changes to the image segments in the multiple video streams over time. The composite graph data structure is used to create compressed encoded data for storage and/or transmission.
US07672374B2	Image processing apparatus An image processing apparatus includes an inputting unit for inputting moving image data that is composed of frames each including first and second fields and that is encoded by intra-frame and inter-frame encoding; an instructing unit for submitting a request for outputting a still image; a still image generating unit for generating still image data including first encoded data and second encoded data, each of these encoded data having a prediction error of zero with respect to a reference image; a multiplexing unit for selecting to output either the still image data generated by the still image generating unit or the moving image data input by the inputting unit; a controlling unit for controlling the multiplexing unit so as to select the still image data generated by the still image generating unit; and a transmitting unit for transmitting the image data output from the multiplexing unit in an encoded state.
US07672373B2	Digital watermarking of a media stream using coded macroblock types A method and a carrier medium instructing a processor to execute a method. The method includes accepting a compressed video stream compressed by a compression method that uses macroblocks of possibly different macroblock types for each frame predictive encoding frames. The method further includes identifying a sequence of frames that are substantially visually indistinguishable and that include a predictively encoded frame and the at least one reference frame of the predictively encoded frame. The method further includes creating an ordered set of macroblocks, with the macroblock types of different macroblocks in the ordered set used to encode digital watermark information. The method further includes replacing the predictively encoded frame of the identified sequence with a newly-encoded predictively encoded replacement frame that contains the created ordered set of macroblocks, including the encoded watermarking information.
US07672367B1	System and method for selecting data rates of initialization signals A system includes a transceiver for communicating over a telecommunication line that is coupled to the transceiver. The transceiver comprises logic configured to measure attenuation of at least one signal transmitted across the telecommunication line. The logic is further configured to automatically select, based on the measured attenuation, a plurality of different data rates for a plurality of initialization signals communicated via the transceiver during an initialization phase that precedes a data phase.
US07672366B2	Line quality report accuracy measurement device and accuracy measurement method A channel quality report accuracy measurement apparatus and accuracy measurement method are provided that correctly measure the accuracy of channel quality reported from a communication apparatus. A scheme control section (140) stores coding rates and modulation schemes corresponding to CQIs, and specifies the transmission scheme corresponding to a fixed CQI reported from a CQI statistical processing section (230). A CQI decoding section (220) decodes a reported CQI contained in a received signal. The CQI statistical processing section (230) performs statistical processing of reported CQIs corresponding to test data transmitted prior to an accuracy measurement test, and reports the most frequently reported CQI to the scheme control section (140) as a fixed CQI. A PER calculation section (260) calculates the PER in the communication apparatus from the reported CQI and Ack/Nack corresponding to test data transmitted in accordance with the fixed CQI. A determination section (270) performs threshold value determination for the PER for each reported CQI value, and outputs the reported CQI scheme determination result.
US07672364B2	Self-calibration method for use in a mobile transceiver A method is provided for self-calibrating the mismatch and the direct current (DC) offset occurring in a mobile transceiver. The transmitter of the mobile terminal is used as a signal generator and the receiver thereof is used as a response characteristic measurer. The baseband processor calibrates the mismatch and the DC offset for the receiving and transmitting sides using a test signal received from the transmitter. When multiple input subcarriers are used in a mixer present on a reception stage, self-calibration is performed using multiple received test signals obtained from one transmission test signal.
US07672356B2	Method and apparatus for detection of a frequency coded sequence in the presence of sinusoidal interference A communication device according to the present invention detects a frequency-hopped signal in an environment including sinusoidal interference. The frequency-hopped signal includes a frequency shift keying (FSK) sequence, where the sequence alternates between frequencies shifted from the carrier signal or hop frequency by positive and negative frequency offsets. The communication device of the present invention uses independent detection paths for each of the shifted frequencies. In the detection path for the upper frequency (e.g., positive frequency shift), a series of filters suppresses signals in the lower frequency band (e.g., negative frequency shift), while the detection path for the lower frequency employs a separate series of filters to suppress signals in the upper frequency band. The filter outputs from each detection path are separately examined to detect the presence of an expected signal.
US07672352B2	Surface-emitting semiconductor array device, module, light source device, data processing apparatus, light transmitting device, light spatial transmitting apparatus, and light spatial transmitting system A surface-emitting semiconductor array device includes a substrate, a plurality of light-emitting portions, an electrode pad portion formed on the substrate and disposed through the plurality of light-emitting portions and a dividing groove, and having a plurality of electrode pads formed on an insulating film, and a plurality of metal wirings for connecting each of the plurality of light-emitting portions to a corresponding electrode pad through the dividing groove, the dividing groove has a wave-shaped side wall formed on the substrate.
US07672350B2	Method and device for using optical feedback to overcome bandwidth limitations caused by relaxation oscillation in vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs) A semiconductor device is provided that includes an optical feedback structure that is monolithically integrated with a VCSEL device and which extends the speed of the VCSEL device beyond the speed to which it would otherwise be limited due to relaxation oscillation. The optical feedback structure does not rely on light emissions from the VCSEL substrate material to produce optical feedback. Consequently, extension of the bandwidth of the semiconductor device through the use of optical feedback is not limited by the absorption threshold wavelength of the substrate material. Furthermore, because the optical feedback structure does not include the substrate, the ability to use optical feedback to extend the bandwidth of the device is independent of the precision with which the substrate thickness can be controlled.
US07672347B2	Semiconductor light emitting device A semiconductor light emitting device includes: a substrate; a laminate structure including a first semiconductor layer, an active layer, and a second semiconductor layer; and a current confinement part for limiting a current injection region of the active layer in the second semiconductor layer, or between the active layer and the second semiconductor layer, on the substrate, wherein the current confinement part includes a current confinement layer having a conductive region corresponding to the current injection region of the active layer and a nonconductive region corresponding to a region other than the current injection region of the active layer, and an intermediate layer provided between the current confinement layer and the second semiconductor layer or the active layer in order to prevent a mixed crystal from being formed between the current confinement layer and the second semiconductor layer or the active layer.
US07672332B1	Map routing technique implemented in access networks An improved addressing scheme is disclosed for use in access networks. According to a specific embodiment, upstream and/or downstream channels may be grouped together based upon logical associations rather than physical associations. Further, according to at least one embodiment of the present invention, various techniques are described for routing selected channel MAP messages to appropriate channels and/or nodes within the access network.
US07672331B1	Method and apparatus for initiating routing messages in a communication network Switches within a telecommunications network exchange so-called available bandwidth messages, each of which advertises how much bandwidth remains unassigned on a respective link. The network is of a type in which circuits are provisioned with various predefined numbers of time slots (equivalent to bandwidth). The sending of an available bandwidth message for a given link is triggered by a change in the number of time slots available on that link if that change results in a change in the number of circuit bandwidths that can be accommodated by that link for a newly provisioned circuit.
US07672330B2	Methods for sending and receiving network management messages and/or control messages The present invention provides a method for sending and receiving the network management messages and/or the control messages, that is, using GFP protocol in stead of conventional LAPD protocol, predetermining the mapping relationship between the values of UPI field in GFP protocol and the types of the data including the network management messages and/or the control messages, furthermore, filling the UPI field of GFP protocol based on the corresponding mapping relationship, encapsulating the network management messages and/or the control messages via GFP protocol into SDH/SONET, PDH or OTN, and transmitting the encapsulated data. GFP protocol is a universal protocol, allowing for inter-operation of the network management messages and the control messages between the equipments of different manufacturers.
US07672329B2	Method and apparatus for multiplexing and demultiplexing data, and computer product A generating unit generates an apparatus reference frame phase that becomes a reference in a data multiplexing/demultiplexing apparatus, based on a reception frame phase of the data input to a predetermined reception buffer and a predetermined delay amount. A multiplexing/demultiplexing unit reads data from the reception buffer based on the apparatus reference frame phase generated by the generating unit, and multiplexes or demultiplexes the data.
US07672328B2	WLAN transmit scheduler comprising an accelerated back-off function This invention can generally be described as an overall transmit (TX) scheduler state-machine that is broken down into two different state-machines: One first TX-scheduler state-machine (FTSM), executed in software, and one second TX-scheduler state-machine (STSM) executed in hardware, which is operating in four different basic states. The functional partitioning between the two state-machines is such that the most constrained real-time requirements are allocated to the STSM, while all complex decisions and non time-critical controls are allocated to the FTSM. The invention also relates to a terminal comprising the invented transmit scheduler.
US07672325B2	Method and apparatus for improved IGMP group membership messaging A method and apparatus for controlling a Report message processing load at an IGMPv3 proxy/router. A variable governs a number of current-state Group Records that can be sent in an IGMPv3 Report message in response to a General Membership Query (GMQ). The variable may be provisioned in IGMPv3 hosts, or dynamically provided by the IGMPv3 proxy/routers, which embed the variable in the GMQs.
US07672321B2	Data communication in networks comprising a plurality of network nodes and at least one star node The invention relates to a network comprising a plurality of network nodes. At least part of the network nodes are directly coupled to each other via at least one star node. The star node comprises a plurality of star interfaces which are assigned to at least one network node. In dependence on a respective pilot signal, a star interface conveys a message from the assigned network node to the other star interfaces, or from another star interface to at least one of the assigned network nodes. Also, in the event of simultaneous arrival of at least two pilot signals at the respective star interfaces, a decision circuit releases one star interface for the transmission of data.
US07672312B1	Connection release in a two-layer communication network The present invention is a method for releasing at least a part of a connection in a two-layer communication network that includes a first communication network layer adapted to establish or which establishes a communication channel to a terminal, and a second communication network layer adapted to establish or which establishes an application layer connection. The method includes deciding in one of the first and second communication network layers that at least the part of the connection associated with the terminal is to be released, and forwarding the decision from the one of the communication network layers in which the decision has been taken, to the other of the communication network layers via an interface between the first and second communication network layers.
US07672303B1	Arbitration method and system A method is provided for performing arbitration in an information packet controller. The method includes transmitting different types of information packets from an initiator to a receiver. One type of information packet has a quality of service requiring a faster transmission time from the initiator to the receiver than another type of information packet having a quality of service having a slower transmission time from the initiator to the receiver. The transmitting of the information packets from the initiator to the receiver is in accordance with priority assigned to the information packet, the quality of service assigned to the information packet, and the age of such information packets having been stored in a queue of the initiator, such quality of service being a function of the speed at which the packets are required to pass from the initiator to a receiver.
US07672302B2	Router using switching-before-routing packet processing and method of operation A router comprising: i) a switch fabric; and ii) N Layer 2 modules coupled by the switch fabric, each of the N Layer 2 modules capable of receiving data packets in Layer 2 frames and forwarding the received data packets using Layer 2 addresses associated with the Layer 2 frames, wherein a first one of the Layer 2 modules comprises a Layer 3 routing engine capable of forwarding a first received data packet through the switch fabric directly to a second one of the Layer 2 modules using a Layer 3 address associated with the first received data packet if the first Layer 2 module does not recognize a Layer 2 address associated with the first received data packet.
US07672300B1	Network device with multiple MAC/PHY ports A network device comprises a multi-port MAC device that includes N MAC devices and that outputs a port multiplexed and encoded parallel data stream. A first serializer/deserializer (SERDES) serializes the port multiplexed and encoded parallel data stream from the multi-port MAC device.
US07672299B2	Network interface card virtualization based on hardware resources and software rings A method for virtualizing a network interface card includes creating a first plurality of virtual NICs, assigning each of a plurality of receive rings on the network interface card (NIC) to one of the first plurality of virtual NICs, and if the number of virtual NICs is greater than the number of receive rings on the NIC, creating a first software ring corresponding to one of the plurality of receive rings on the NIC, creating a first plurality of software receive rings associated with the first software ring, creating a second plurality of virtual NICs, and assigning each of the first plurality of software receive rings to one of the second plurality of virtual NICs, wherein the plurality of receive rings is less than a sum of the first plurality of virtual NICs and the second plurality of virtual NICs.
US07672293B2	Hardware throttling of network traffic sent to a processor based on new address rates In an embodiment of the invention, a method and apparatus for hardware throttling of network traffic, includes: receiving a packet; and preventing the packet from being copied, based on a rate field value associated with a new address in the packet information in the packet. The packet is not copied even if a copy rule is triggered.
US07672292B2	Mobile packet communication system A radio base station allocates, when performing a real-time Internet-protocol data communication, up-link radio resources, based on basic information of transmission data, so that the transmission data is transmitted in synchronization with a codec cycle of a mobile communication terminal in a concentrated manner, and notifies a result of allocating the up-link radio resources to the mobile communication terminal as an up-transmission schedule. A mobile communication terminal controls transmission of a radio frame based on the up-transmission schedule.
US07672291B2	Methods for establishing wireless network communication and device utilizing same Method for establishing wireless networks between devices is disclosed. When a first device is activated to establish a wireless network with other devices, a first activation reference time is recorded. At least one second device that has at least one compatible networking capability is searched for and identified. When the second device is activated to establish wireless network with other devices, a second activation reference time also is recorded. The first and second activation reference times are compared to determine whether they fall into the same time window. The offset between the system time of the first device and that of the second may be factored into the calculation to further enhance the accuracy. If the first and second activation reference times are in the same time window, the authentication of wireless network is established between the devices.
US07672290B2	Dual-mode mobile terminal and method for displaying time information A dual-mode mobile terminal that connects to synchronous and asynchronous mobile communication systems and a method for displaying accurate time information in the terminal. The terminal includes a timer and a controller. The timer generates an interrupt signal at a predetermined time. When entering an asynchronous communication mode, the controller starts the timer to generate the interrupt signal at the predetermined time. When receiving the interrupt signal from the timer, the controller connects to the synchronous mobile communication system to obtain accurate time information therefrom and then connects to the asynchronous mobile communication system to switch to the asynchronous communication mode.
US07672288B1	Arrangement for secure communication and key distribution in a telecommunication system The invention relates to mobility management of an Internet-type protocol traffic in a mobile communications system. At least one mobile exchange (DXT1, DXT2) in the mobile communications system is arranged to operate as a gateway which interfaces (router 1) the mobile communications system with external data networks. All the mobile exchanges (DXT1, DXT2) are arranged to use a user identity and a data equipment identity for identifying each mobile host and to use an identity of the mobile exchange currently serving the mobile host for defining the location of the mobile host. Each mobile host is dynamically or permanently allocated an IP address which is bound to the user identity, the data equipment identity and the location information of the respective mobile host. The use of the user identity and the data terminal identity provide a unique identification for the mobile host without any relation to the IP network. Also the location information is independent of the IP network. As a consequence, the mobile exchanges are able to route IP datagrams having the allocated IP address from a gateway exchange (DXT1) to the serving exchange (DXT2) according to the location information and further to the respective mobile host according to the user identity and the data equipment identity bound to the IP address by using a mobile network specific routing method instead of mobile IP tunnelling.
US07672284B2	Throughput in multi-rate wireless networks using variable-length packets and other techniques In a wireless communication network having a plurality of devices operating at different data rates that contend for access to the network, a method is provided that assigns network access parameters to one or more of the devices so as to control throughput on the network. Examples of network access control parameters are the maximum data packet size and the contention window size. Generally, the network access control parameter for slower data rate users is configured so that they do not occupy the network a disproportionate amount of time compared to faster data rate users.
US07672283B1	Detecting unauthorized wireless devices in a network Computer implemented techniques for detecting the presence and identity of unauthorized wireless devices (“UWD”) on a network. The technique is capable of detecting the presence and existence UWDs irrespective whether the UWDs implements encryption in their communication. Furthermore, it is unnecessary for the computer-implemented method to access the management console of a wireless access point for the purpose of determining the identity of the wireless client devices that currently employ the access point to accomplish the wireless communication. The computer-implemented method also does not require any software agent to be installed on the wireless client devices for the purpose of detecting unauthorized wireless communication.
US07672279B2	Methods for dynamic radio resource management and link control The present invention relates to transmission and retransmission of packet data in a communications system, where the communications system uses rate switching or channel switching. It provides an interface for information exchange between radio resource management and one or more transport protocol entities in a cellular mobile radio system, particularly a Universal Mobile Telecommunications System, UMTS, or WCDMA system.
US07672277B2	Method and device for estimating carrier frequency offset of subscriber terminal The invention discloses a method of estimating carrier frequency offset for subscriber terminal, including: determining number of effective base stations from which more than one signals are received by a subscriber terminal; combining the signals of each station corresponding to said number of effective base stations; calculating a rough estimation value of the carrier frequency offset based on combined signal. The invention also discloses a device of estimating carrier frequency offset for subscriber terminal, including: decision module, used to determine the number of effective base stations from which more than one signals received by subscriber terminal, combining module, used to combine the signals of the effective base station and output the combined signal to the carrier frequency offset acquiring module; carrier frequency offset acquiring module, used to estimate the carrier frequency offset of the merged signal. According to the invention, the carrier frequency offset for the subscriber terminal will meet system requirement, and improve cell searching success probability.
US07672276B2	Base station apparatus and mobile communication system Disclosed is a handover method in radio communication. A base station apparatus monitors the receiving state of a terminal, detects, based upon the receiving state, whether the terminal is one in which there is a possibility that loss of a call or a decline in quality will occur or one in which loss of a call or a decline in quality has occurred, and hands over the terminal to another base station apparatus having a carrier frequency different from that of the present base station apparatus.
US07672274B2	Mobility support via routing A communication system is described. In one embodiment, the communication system comprises a mobile station having a transmitter to transmit packets wirelessly according to a protocol and multiple repeaters communicably coupled with the mobile station. Each of the plurality of repeaters receives one or more packets of the wirelessly transmitted packets from the mobile station. Each of the repeaters receives an indication of which of the wirelessly transmitted packets were received without errors by other repeaters and a received signal strength for those packets. The communication system also includes a switch coupled to the repeaters. Each of the repeaters forwards to the switch each packet of the wirelessly transmitted packets that each repeater had received without errors at a received signal strength higher than any other repeater.
US07672271B2	Method of constructing wireless high speed backbone connection that unifies various wired/wireless network clusters by means of employing the smart/adaptive antenna technique and dynamically creating concurrent data pipelines In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a high-speed wireless backbone connection, Backbone Connection Facilitator (BCF), to create a wireless home network, which may consist of many short-range wired/wireless networks. BCF dynamically creates concurrent data pipelines to meet the data bandwidth demand to transfer packets from one short-range wired/wireless network to another. BCF employs the newly developed antenna technologies (ex. MIMO, SDMA) to minimize the transmit power, to reduce the interferences, and to support the real time communication.BCF contains the BCF-PHY layer, the BCF-Data-Link-Layer, and the BCF-Network-Layer. The BCF-PHY layer consists of antenna array, a PHY Base Band controller, and a digital beam former. The BCF-Data-Link-Layer provides the MAC functionality. The BCF-Network-Layer assembles the packet, provides the source and destination address, and provides the BCF-PHY beam forming information. The BCF-Network-Layer is also responsible for parsing and assembling the packet payloads for the high-speed backbone connection.
US07672267B2	Intermediary network system and method for facilitating message exchange between wireless networks Network system and method for facilitating message exchange between mobile subscribers belonging to the same or different public land mobile networks, possibly incorporating different standards. Message exchange between two subscribers of the same or different networks may involve one or more lookups on subscription data, zero or more message transformations, one or more routing decisions including application of costing functions, and, storage and propagation of the message in one or more Core or Intermediary networks. The messages may be of type, among others, SMS (Short Message Service), MMS (Multimedia Message Service), or EMAIL. An aspect of the present invention provides a message routing subsystem that facilitates destination determination and delivery channel selection.
US07672264B2	Method of pausing keep-alive messages and roaming for virtual private networks on handheld devices to save battery power Provided is a method for maintaining a connection between a mobile device and a server over a wireless network in a manner that conserves the power supply of the mobile device. The claimed subject matter addresses the transmission of regular “keep-alive” packets to refresh a network address translation (NAT) server and the scanning for and connecting to faster, higher priority network connections. A configurable parameter, or power timeout, specifies an idle time. When a period of time equal to the parameter has passed with no traffic between the mobile device and the server, in either direction, periodic roaming scans and keep-alive messages are halted. As soon as traffic is resumed through the tunnel, the mobile device roams to the highest priority connection and roaming scans and keep-alive messages are resumed.
US07672260B2	Method of addressing messages and communications system A target radio frequency identification (RFID) device may include a receiver to receive valid bits common to a first set of random numbers and to receive a signal indicating a change in a number of time slots from a first number of a plurality of time slots to a second number of a plurality of time slots in which the target device may respond. The target device may include processing circuitry to generate a random number, to determine if the random number is in the first set, to generate a random value, and to randomly select a time slot. The target device may further include a transmitter to communicate a response if the random number is determined to be in the first set, and to communicate the random value during the randomly selected time slot.
US07672253B2	Border router with selective filtering of link state advertisements An example embodiment of the present invention provides a process relating to the selective filtering of an LSA at a not-so-stubby-sub-area (NSSSA) border router. In one embodiment, the border router receives an LSA from another router inside the NSSSA, which might be in the access layer of the hierarchical network design model and which might use OSPF as its IGP. If the LSA is Type 1 and includes a subnet route or forwarder address, the border router floods it to its neighboring routers, regardless of whether they are inside the NSSSA. If the LSA is Type 7 and includes a host address, the border router floods it to a neighboring router if the neighboring router is inside the NSSSA, but filters the LSA if the neighboring router is outside the NSSSA, for example, in an OSPF area in the distribution layer of the hierarchical network design model.
US07672250B2	Multi-carrier wireless communication access terminal and data transmission method A method, apparatus, and system permits an access terminal (“AT”) for a multi-carrier CDMA wireless communication system to concurrently receive data on N different-frequency carriers while restricting one or more parameters that affect data reception rate, so that limited resources of the AT will be sufficient to properly process data packets on the N carriers. The data rate controlling parameter may be “I,” the number of supported H-ARQ channels for one or more of the N carriers. A relationship may be defined between the number of supported forward and/or reverse link carriers, versus the number of supported H-ARQ channels and/or other data rate controlling parameters. Messages may enable identification of AT characteristics, and configuration and/or dynamic re-configuration of AT data communication capabilities that are related to different values of N and corresponding different data rate controlling parameters.
US07672249B2	Configurable network appliance An Internet appliance accesses an HTML page on a Web site containing configuration information for the appliance, such as an Internet compatible telephone. Data from the HTML page are downloaded to the appliance to modify its options or settings automatically upon accessing the HTML page, or as directed by the user. The data may be downloaded to a programmable memory in the Internet appliance and the stored data may be used to upgrade the appliance. The upgrade HTML page may include information to alert the user when the new information is available regarding changes to options and settings of the appliance. Alternatively, data from the Internet appliance are placed in an HTML page and the data are then uploaded to the Web site. Additional embodiments provide other functions that may be placed in an HTML page to effect some internal action in the Internet appliance, such as checking e-mail.
US07672242B2	Traffic management device and method thereof A traffic management device and the method thereof are disclosed. The traffic management device includes a control logic unit, a first counting unit, and a second counting unit. The traffic management method follows the dual leaky bucket mechanism. A first count value and a second count value are generated by the first counting unit and the second counting unit, respectively, such that the control logic unit controls the average rate by checking whether the first count value falls within the range of a first threshold and controls the peak rate by checking whether the second count value falls within the range of a second threshold. When both the conditions are satisfied, packets in the queue are transmitted. Thus, the network flow is controlled effectively.
US07672239B1	System and method for conducting fast offloading of a connection onto a network interface card Techniques, systems, and apparatus for offloading data connections from a kernel onto an associated TNIC are disclosed. Generally, embodiments of the invention are configured to send message packets of a connection to an endpoint at substantially the same time as an associated offload set-up process is performed. A method provides a data connection enabling data exchange between two TCP endpoints. After a determination is made that the connection is suitable for offloading, the kernel sends connection state information and a request that the connection be offloaded to a TNIC. Prior to completion of offload set up, an initial transmission of connection data is sent to an associated TCP endpoint. These principles can be implemented as software operating on a computer system, as a computer system module, as a computer program product and as a series of related devices and products.
US07672237B2	Node capable of saving a third-layer operation In a node having first, second, and third layers, a packet (or a cell) is mapped in the first layer. The first layer judges whether the packet (or the cell) is to be dropped at the node or to be hopped to a next node. The first layer transmits the packet to the third layer through the second layer when the first layer judges that the packet is to be dropped at the node. The first layer transmits, when the first layer judges that the packet is to be hopped to the next node, the packet to the next node by making the packet cut through the first layer.
US07672230B2	Downstream channel change technique implemented in an access network A dynamic channel change technique is disclosed which may be implemented between nodes and a Head End of an access network. Initially a network device may communicate with the Head End via a first downstream channel and a first upstream channel. When the network device receives a dynamic channel change request which includes instructions for the network device to switch to a second downstream channel, the network device may respond by switching from the first downstream channel to the second downstream channel. Thereafter, the network device may communicate with the Head End via the second downstream channel and first upstream channel. Further, according to a specific embodiment, the dynamic channel change request may also include an upstream channel change request for causing the network device to switch from a first upstream channel to a second upstream channel.
US07672229B2	Method for distributing dynamic link bandwidth for resilient packet ring The invention discloses a method for dynamically allocating link bandwidth on resilient packet ring. This algorithm comprises the steps of measuring a group of variables in one advertisement interval, calculating the local fair rate using the measured variables, determining an advertising rate based on the local fair rate, and transmitting the data packets with the advertising rate. Compared with existing fairness algorithms, the new algorithm introduces integration for the idle rate to achieve 100% of bandwidth utilization. It also avoids using the concept of “congestion state” which is essential in the existing fairness algorithm.
US07672228B1	System and method for network loop detection and recovery Embodiments of the invention are generally directed to a system and method of network loop detection and recovery. In one embodiment of the invention, a networked node contains a loop detection and recovery agent. The loop detection and recovery agent may include a loop detection module and a loop recovery module. The loop detection module may be independent of a redundancy protocol implemented by the networked node. In contrast, the loop recovery module may be embedded in the redundancy protocol implemented by the networked node.
US07672223B2	Method and apparatus for replicating a transport layer protocol stream Network connection switchover is accomplished through a method comprising receiving information defining a first connection between a first network device and a computer; establishing a replication channel between the first network device and a backup device; storing backup control information at the backup device; communicating a message flow between the first network device and the computer on the first transport connection; in response to unavailability of the first network device, communicating messages on the replication channel that cause (a) establishing a second connection between the backup device and the computer; (b) continuing communication of the message flow between the backup device and the computer based on the backup control information. TCP connections, for example, can be switched from an active device to a backup device without reset or re-transmission.
US07672222B2	Link failures A data communications architecture employing serializers and deserializers that reduces data communications latency. In an illustrative implementation, the data communications architecture communicates data across communications links. The architecture maintains various mechanisms to promote data communications speed and to avoid communication link down time. These mechanisms perform the functions including but not limited to handling uncertain data arrival times, detecting single bit and multi-bit errors, handling communications link failures, addressing failed link training, identifying and marking data as corrupt, and identifying and processing successful data transactions across the communications link.
US07672220B2	Apparatus and method of multiple antenna receiver combining of high data rate wideband packetized wireless communication signals The present invention provides an apparatus and method of multiple antenna receiver combining of high data rate wideband packetized wireless communication signals, where the apparatus includes M receive antennas, receiving M high data rate wideband packetized wireless communication signals, where each of the signals includes N frequency bins. The apparatus, in an exemplary embodiment, includes (1) a joint timing recovery units that perform joint coarse signal timing estimation, joint frequency offset estimation, and joint fine timing estimation on each of the signals, (2) M Fast Fourier Transform units (FFTs) that each convert the digital data for each of the M signals into frequency domain information for each of the N received frequencies and that output Q pilots for each of the signals, where Q is a positive integer, and (3) a combiner that weights and combines the outputs of the M FFTs for each of the N received frequencies.
US07672216B2	Optical information recording medium, and substrate and manufacturing method for the optical information recording medium In an optical disk including at least a rewritable phase change material and comprising a recording layer having a reflectivity of more than 15%, an address output value as an address pit signal component occupying in a reproduced signal in a non recording state is prescribed to be 0.18 though 0.27 or a numerical aperture of an address pit signal occupying in a reproduced signal in a non recording state is prescribed to be more than 0.3.
US07672214B2	Probe, recording apparatus, reproducing apparatus, and recording/reproducing apparatus A probe (100) is provided with: a substrate (110) having a surface facing a medium (20); and a point electrode (120), formed in the substrate, for performing at least one of detection operation of a state of a domain of the medium and change operation of the state of the domain of the medium, a tip portion, which is an edge portion on a side facing the medium, out of the point electrode being disposed in one point in a plane which is formed in a vicinity of an area portion in which the point electrode is formed by the surface.
US07672209B2	Hologram recording/reproducing apparatus, hologram reproducing apparatus and method, and computer program An example hologram recording/reproduction device reproduces recorded information from a holographic recording medium where interference fringes formed by a reference light and an object light corresponding to the recording information are recorded. The example hologram recording/reproduction device irradiates the reference light to a holographic recording medium; generates detection information data (Ddet) according to the detection light generated by irradiation of the reference light; sets a target irradiation position of the reference light on the surface of the holographic recording medium according to the detection information data; and moves the irradiation means with respect to the holographic recording medium along its surface so that the reference light is irradiated to the target irradiation position.
US07672208B2	Write-once optical disc, and method and apparatus for recording/playback management information on/from optical disc A write-once optical disc, and an apparatus and method for recording management information on the optical disc are provided. The disc includes at least one recording layer, a plurality of temporary defect management areas (TDMAs) on the at least one recording layer, and a plurality of defect management areas (DMAs) on the at least one recording layer. At least one of the TDMAs includes first and second indicators. The first indicator indicates which TDMA is an in-use TDMA, and the second indicator indicates whether or not the recording medium is closed.
US07672202B2	Optical pickup apparatus An optical pickup apparatus comprising: a diffraction grating including a first grating for diffracting a first laser light beam, and a second grating for diffracting a second laser light beam which is shorter in wavelength than the first laser light beam, the diffraction grating being disposed in a common optical path for guiding the first laser light beam and the second laser light beam to an optical disc; and a photo detector including in a first light receiving area, a main light receiving unit, a front sub-light receiving unit, and a rear sub-light receiving unit that receive reflected light beams, which are reflected by the optical disc, of a main beam, of a front sub-beam, and of a rear sub-beam, respectively, the first laser light beam being diffracted by the diffraction grating into the main beam, the front sub-beam formed in front of the main beam, and the rear sub-beam formed at the back of the main beam, wherein the first grating is set such that the front sub-light receiving unit and the rear sub-light receiving unit in the first light receiving area are disposed at positions which substantially avoid unnecessary diffracted light beam spots which are generated by projecting to the first light receiving area unnecessary diffracted light beams, the unnecessary diffracted light beams generated by the second grating from the first laser light beam.
US07672196B1	Sound source localizing apparatus and method A sound source localizer is provided which includes a receiver (41) composed of a plurality of highly versatile microphones (10) each having a predetermined directivity D, a data base (12) which is to calculate a difference in directional sensitivity between one of the microphones (10) of the receiver (41) pointed in one direction and the other directed at an angle of 180 deg. to the one direction and has pre-stored therein information used for determination of an arrival direction and angle of a sound source, and a calculator (11) for calculating differences in level between signals received by the receiver (41) in different directions to determine the arrival direction, angle and sound level of the sound source with reference to the information stored in the data base (12).
US07672193B2	Methods and systems for processing acoustic waveform data Methods and systems for taking acoustic measurements related to subterranean formations. The methods and systems provide extracting a portion of the acoustic measurements based on predetermined parameters for selecting reflected arrival waves in the acoustic measurements; generating time projection of the extracted acoustic measurements versus borehole depth; and generating an indication or imaging of acoustic reflectors in the formation based on the time projected acoustic measurements.
US07672190B1	Input latch circuit and method A circuit and method are provided that eliminate race conditions in data storage devices. Generally, the circuit includes: (i) an input latch to which an address signal (ADD) is applied; (ii) a multiplexer (MUX) to which the ADD is coupled from the input latch and through which an output is supplied to an output latch; (iii) an address valid signal (ADV) input coupled to the output latch and to which an ADV is applied to close the output latch supplying the output to a circuit output; and (iv) a middle latch coupled between the input latch and the MUX to hold the ADD applied to the MUX until the output latch closes, independent of a change in the ADD applied to the input latch. Preferably, the circuit includes control logic configured to close the middle latch on a rising edge of ADV and reopen it when the output latch closes.
US07672188B2	System for blocking multiple memory read port activation A system for blocking multiple memory read port activation including a first memory read port word line driver that includes a first polarity hold latch with an output connected to an input of a first buffer, and a second memory read port word line driver that includes a second polarity hold latch with an output connected to an input of a blocking switch and a second buffer with an input connected to an output of the blocking switch, wherein a second input of the blocking switch is also connected to the output of the first polarity hold latch and the blocking switch is configured to allow or block a signal transmission between the input and the output of the blocking switch dependent on a signal assertion of the second input to the blocking switch.
US07672185B2	Method and apparatus to monitor circuit variation effects on electrically programmable fuses A monitor bank consists of test one time programmable memory that is programmed distinctively from functional one time programmable memory in order to determine whether the functional one time programmable memory has or will program successfully. In a specific embodiment, each monitor bank consists of a first eFuse configured to expectedly never blow, a second eFuse configured to expectedly always blow, and at least a third eFuse configured to be more difficult to blow than the first eFuse, but easier to blow than the second eFuse. The method of determining whether functional eFuses have or will be programmed successfully is described: programming a monitor bank; sensing whether the test eFuses have blown; creating a monitor bank bit line blow pattern; determining an anticipated bit line blow pattern; comparing the two patterns; and determining that the functional eFuses will not blow successfully if the patterns do not match.
US07672183B2	Semiconductor memory device with two-stage input buffer A semiconductor memory device includes: a pre-amplifying unit configured to amplify a difference between an input signal and a reference signal to output a pre-output signal; a delaying unit configured to delay the input signal to output a delayed input signal; and a main amplifying unit configured to receive the pre-output signal and the delayed input signal as differential inputs to output an output signal.
US07672167B2	Non-volatile memory device A non-volatile memory device may include at least one string, at least one bit line corresponding to the at least one string, and/or a sensing transistor. The at least one string may include a plurality of memory cell transistors connected in series. The sensing transistor may include a gate configured to sense a voltage of the corresponding bit line. A threshold voltage of the sensing transistor may be higher than a voltage obtained by subtracting a given voltage from a voltage applied to read the corresponding bit line connected to a memory cell transistor to be read of the plurality of memory cell transistors.
US07672165B2	Methods for active boosting to minimize capacitive coupling effect between adjacent gates of flash memory devices A NAND flash memory device incorporates a unique booster plate design. The booster plate is biased during read and program operations and the coupling to the floating gates in many cases reduces the voltage levels necessary to program and read the charge stored in the gates. The booster plate also shields against unwanted coupling between floating gates. Self boosting, local self boosting, and erase area self boosting modes used with the unique booster plate further improve read/write reliability and accuracy. A more compact and reliable memory device can hence be realized according to the present invention.
US07672159B2	Method of operating multi-level cell A method of operating a multi-level cell is described, wherein the cell includes a substrate of a first conductivity type, a control gate, a charge-storing layer and two S/D regions of a second conductivity type. The method includes an erasing step that injects charges of a first type into the charge-storing layer and a programming step that includes applying a first voltage to the substrate, a second voltage to both S/D regions and a third voltage to the control gate. The difference between the first and second voltages is sufficient to cause band-to-band tunneling hot holes, and the third voltage causes charges of a second type to enter the charge-storing layer. The third voltage can have 2n−1 different values, for programming the cell to a predetermined state among 2n−1 storage states.
US07672156B2	Phase change random access memory device In a phase-change random access memory (PRAM) device, a write operation is performed by applying a set pulse to failed PRAM cells. The set pulse comprises a plurality of stages sequentially decreasing from a first current magnitude to a second current magnitude. The first current magnitude or the second current magnitude varies from one write loop to another.
US07672153B2	Deglitching circuits for a radiation-hardened static random access memory based programmable architecture A method for providing a deglitching circuit for a radiation tolerant static random access memory (SRAM) comprising: providing a configuration memory having a plurality of configuration bits; coupling read and write circuitry to the configuration memory for configuring the plurality of configuration bits; coupling a radiation hard latch to a programmable element, the radiation hard latch controlling the programmable element; and providing an interface that couples at least one of the plurality of configuration bits to the radiation hard latch when the write circuitry writes to the at least one of the plurality of configuration bits.
US07672152B1	Memory cell with built-in process variation tolerance A Schmitt Trigger (ST) based, fully differential, 10-transistor (10T) SRAM (Static Random Access Memory) bitcell suitable for sub-threshold operation. The Schmitt trigger based bitcell achieves 1.56× higher read static noise margin (SNM) (VDD=400 mV) compared to a conventional 6T cell. The robust Schmitt trigger based memory cell exhibits built-in process variation tolerance that gives tight SNM distribution across the process corners. It utilizes fully differential operation and hence does not require any architectural changes from the present 6T architecture. The 10T bitcell has two cross-coupled Schmitt trigger inverters which each consist of four transistors, including a PMOS transistor and two NMOS transistors in series, and an NMOS feedback transistor which is connected between the inverter output and the junction between the series-connected NMOS transistors. Each inverter has one associated NMOS access transistor.
US07672151B1	Method for reading non-volatile ferroelectric capacitor memory cell A non-volatile memory cell and related system utilize ferroelectric capacitors as data storage elements. Circuitry is provided for writing to a single ferroelectric capacitor storage element, as well as to dual storage elements operating inversely. The storage elements are read by use of a sense amplifier in a configuration which automatically restores the original data states, thereby eliminating the need for a subsequent restore operation. Memory systems are described which include circuitry for driving bit lines, word lines and drive lines to accomplish both the write and read operations.
US07672150B2	Apparatus, embedded memory, address decoder, method of reading out data and method of configuring a memory Embodiments of the invention relate generally to an apparatus, to an embedded memory, to an address decoder, to a method of reading out data and to a method of configuring a memory. In an embodiment of the invention an apparatus is provided. The apparatus may include a plurality of read-only memory (ROM) cells and an address decoder to access a ROM cell of the plurality of ROM cells, the address decoder further being fuse-programmable to divert an access to the ROM cell to a different memory cell.
US07672148B2	Controller and method for frequency-varying control of power converter A controller and method changing a frequency of a control (or carrier) signal in accordance with a waveform that periodically changes within a first frequency range from a frequency fc1 to a frequency fc2, where the frequency fc1 is smaller than the frequency fc2, and a second frequency range from a frequency fc3 to a frequency fc4, where the frequency fc3 is smaller than the frequency fc4. The frequencies fc1 and fc4 satisfy the inequalities (n−1)·fc4≦n·fc2 and n·fc3≦(n+1)·fc1 and/or satisfy an approximate expression n·fc4≈(n+1)·fc1 where n is an integer. The frequencies fc2 and fc3 satisfy the inequalities n·fc2≦fs−Δfs and fs+Δfs≦n·fc3 where fs±Δfs represents a predetermined frequency band.
US07672147B1	High attenuation filtering circuit for power converters A power converter includes an output filter circuit including first and second inductive elements; a voltage source coupled to the output filter circuit, the voltage source for generating a voltage across the output filter circuit, the voltage including an alternating voltage component, the alternating voltage component causing the application of an alternating current to the first inductive element of the output filter circuit; and an attenuation filtering circuit. The attenuation filtering circuit includes a first magnetically coupled inductive arrangement for generating a first opposing alternating current in response to the alternating voltage applied to the first inductive element of the output filter circuit; a first combining element for combining the first opposing alternating current with the alternating current to partially cancel the alternating current, thereby producing an attenuated alternating current applied to the second inductive element of the output filter circuit; a second magnetically coupled inductive arrangement for generating a second opposing alternating current in response to the attenuated alternating current applied to the second inductive element of the output filter circuit; and a second combining element for combining the second opposing alternating current with the attenuated alternating current to substantially cancel the attenuated alternating current.
US07672146B2	Switching mode power supply and driving method A switching mode power supply includes a switching transistor, coupled to a primary coil at a primary side of a transformer for converting an input DC voltage, supplying power to a secondary and a tertiary coil at a secondary side of the transformer according to an operation of the switching transistor; a switching controller receiving a feedback voltage corresponding to a first voltage generated in the secondary coil and receiving a detection signal corresponding to a current of the switching transistor to generate a switching control signal for controlling the turn on/off of the switching transistor; and a feedback signal generator receiving the first voltage and the switching control signal to set a sampling period, and storing the first voltage, sampled with a last pulse of the first pulse string within the sampling period as a feedback voltage. The output voltage is thereby accurately detected without opto-couplers or shunt regulators.
US07672139B2	Shelf for electronic plug-in devices A shelf for electronic plug-in units is provided. The shelf includes at least one support plate that has at least one shaped opening. At least one guide rail is arranged for being mounted on the support plate, which includes a guide groove for receiving the electronic plug-in unit. There is also provided at least one positioning unit arranged on the guide rail, which includes a trunnion insertable form-fittingly into the shaped opening in the support plate to fix a position of the positioning unit relative to the support plate, and a locking element to lock in place an electronic plug-in unit fully inserted into the guide rail.
US07672138B2	Electronic apparatus An electronic apparatus include a housing, a circuit board held in the housing, and large electronic components held in the housing and electrically coupled to the circuit board. The housing has a mounting surface, and the electronic apparatus is mounted to an object at the mounting surface. The large electronic components are arranged in a three-dimensional manner with respect to the mounting surface in such a manner that at least one of the large electronic components overlaps at least one of the large electronic components in a direction toward the mounting surface.
US07672135B2	Heat sink A heat sink includes a plurality of fins parallel to each other. The fins include a top portion having a flange. The opposite ends of each flange are rounded. Two rounded corners are located below the plane defined by the flange.
US07672134B2	Apparatus for directing heat to a heat spreader An apparatus for dissipating heat from a device is provided. The apparatus includes a heat sink having an elongated shape and defining a groove. A heat spreader composed of a non-isotropic thermal conductor is positioned at least partially within the groove of the heat sink and thermally coupled to the heat sink. The heat spreader is oriented such that the thermal conductor propagates heat along a length of the heat sink. A heat channel composed of a non-isotropic thermal conductor is positioned at least partially within the groove of the heat sink and thermally coupled to the heat spreader. The heat channel is oriented to propagate heat towards the heat spreader.
US07672131B2	Heat sink assembly and method manufacturing the same A heat sink assembly includes a base plate, a fin group and a heat pipe thermally connecting the base plate with the fin group. The fin group includes a plurality of fins. The heat pipe includes a straight evaporating section contacting with the base plate, a first condensing section extending upwardly from an end of the evaporating section and through the fins, a second condensing section bent downwardly from a free end of the first condensing section and through the fins, and a third condensing section extending upwardly from an opposite end of the evaporating section and through the fins. Periphery walls of at least two of the first, second and third condensing sections substantially totally contact with the fins to increase a contact area between the heat pipe and the fins.
US07672130B2	Heat dissipating device A heat dissipating device includes a sealed container having hollow floors and floor-spacing assemblies. Each floor-spacing assembly includes hollow spacing walls. Each hollow spacing wall extends from a respective hollow floor and is spaced apart from an adjacent one of the hollow spacing walls of an adjacent one of the floor-spacing assemblies by an air gap. Each two adjacent ones of the hollow floors are interconnected through the hollow spacing walls disposed therebetween. The sealed container defines a liquid reservoir, a condensate reservoir, and a plurality of fluid passages extending through the hollow spacing walls and the hollow floors that are disposed between the liquid reservoir and the condensate reservoir.
US07672129B1	Intelligent microchannel cooling A cooling system for a heat producing component includes a base having two or more cells. The cells may include microchannel passages. A pump system may be coupled to the base. The pump system may circulate fluid independently in each of two or more of the cells. The pump system may include an array of two more magnetohydrodynamic pumps. Each magnetohydrodynamic pump may provide fluid to a different cell. A controller may control a flow rate in each one of cell of the cooling system independently one or more of other cells of the cooling system.
US07672127B2	Information processing device and manufacturing method of the information processing device An information processing device includes a housing part; a heating part arranged in the housing part; a cooling unit configured to cool the heating part; an airflow supplying member configured to supply an airflow to the cooling unit; and an airflow limitation member configured to limit the airflow supplied by the airflow supplying member. A part of the cooling unit, the airflow limitation member, and the airflow supplying member are arranged in series. An air intake part is provided in one surface of the housing part so as to intake air into the airflow limitation member. An air discharge part is provided in another surface of the housing part so as to discharge air cooling the part of the cooling unit. An air discharge unit is provided at an air discharge opening provided at one side surface of the airflow limitation member.
US07672125B2	Electronic apparatus An electronic component generates heat in an electronic apparatus. The heat of the electronic component is transferred to a thermal conductive plate of a heat receiver in a liquid cooling unit. The heat is transferred to coolant from the thermal conductive plate. The temperature of the coolant rises. The heat exchanger absorbs heat of the coolant. The coolant gets cooled. The heat of the electronic component is also transferred to the printed wiring board. The heat spreads over the printed wiring board through a wiring pattern in the printed wiring board. Since the tank or/and pump is placed at a position outside the printed wiring board, the heat cannot be transferred to the tank or/and the pump. This results in prevention of rise in the temperature of the coolant in the tank or/and the pump. The efficiency of heat radiation can thus be enhanced.
US07672119B2	Folding user interface An electronic device interface provides three different physical user interfaces. Users may fold or unfold the device to reveal one interface and hide the other two. A first module includes a first portion of a first interface. A second module includes a first portion of a second interface. A third module includes a second portions of the first and second interfaces. The second and third modules are folded together to hide the second interface and expose the first interface. The first and third modules are folded together to hide the first interface and expose the second interface. The third interface is exposed when the first and third modules and the second and third modules are folded together, hiding the first and second interfaces. The first modules can include a concave portion matching a convex portion of the third module to maintain a flush profile for the first and second interfaces.
US07672118B2	Electronic apparatus According to one embodiment, an electronic apparatus includes: a main body that has a bearing hole having a first retaining portion and a second retaining portion; a sub module that has a shaft rotatably coupling with the bearing hole so that the sub module moves between a first position and a second position; and a detent spring that is coupled with the shaft to keep the sub module at the first position and at the second position, the detent spring having a third retaining portion, wherein the third retaining portion couples with the first retaining portion when the sub module is kept at the first position, and wherein the third retaining portion couples with the second retaining portion when the sub module is kept at the second position.
US07672116B2	Fast terminal box A fast terminal box includes a casing, a cover, plural wiring sockets, plural metal connection components and a plurality of wiring terminals. The wiring sockets are placed and distributed on a bottom plate of the casing one by one. The metal connection component is provided on the wiring socket for connection purpose. The casing and the cover are combined to each other. The wiring terminals are distributed at sidewall of the casing for receiving corresponding wiring plugs therein. The fast terminal box is characterized in heat sink metal fins are contained in a space around the wiring socket, and heat sink metal fins contact pins of a diode and the metal connection component respectively through corresponding connection portions thereof. Wiring apertures are defined in an outer surface of the heat sink metal fins, thereby improving heat dissipating effect and especially by utilization of heat sink metal fins of covering construction, heat dissipation effect being more effectively improved, and also the heat sink metal fins capable of being mounted conveniently and quickly.
US07672114B1	Carbon nanoarchitectures with ultrathin, conformal polymer coatings for electrochemical capacitors A composite having an electroactive polymer coating on a porous carbon structure is disclosed. The composite may be used in capacitor electrodes. The composite may be made by self-limiting electropolymerization of a monomer on the carbon structure.
US07672110B2	Electrostatic chuck having textured contact surface An electrostatic chuck has an electrode embedded in a dielectric which is mounted on a pedestal. The dielectric has a contact surface with an average surface roughness of less than about 0.5 μm, a surface peak waviness of less than about 0.12 μm, and a surface peak waviness material ratio of greater than about 20%. The surface texture can be formed by lapping the dielectric surface with a slurry of abrasive particles.
US07672109B2	Safety switching apparatus for safe disconnection of an electrical load A safety switching apparatus for safe disconnection of an electrical load in an automated installation has at least one input for connecting a signaling device. The safety switching apparatus has an evaluation and control unit and at least one switching element controlled by the evaluation and control unit in order to interrupt an electrical power supply path to the load. The switching element is a changeover switch having at least two mutually alternative switching paths, with a first switching path being located in the electrical power supply path to the load and with a second switching path leading to a monitoring unit.
US07672107B2	Current limit control with current limit detector Devices, such as mobile devices, may be exposed to short circuit and output overload events. To protect against such events, mobile devices typically include circuitry to limit currents so as not to exceed a pre-programmed current limit. Various embodiments of the present invention include devices and methods for detecting pre-programmed current limits and for limiting currents in response to such detection. In some embodiments, both the current limit detector and the current limit controller circuitry include scaled current switches. The scaling may be substantially similar between the programmed-current limit detector and the current limit controller circuitry.
US07672101B2	ESD protection circuit and method A system includes a driving device operating at first supply voltage Vdd1 and having a CMOS output. A driven devise operates at a second supply voltage Vdd2 lower than the first supply voltage Vdd1, and has a CMOS input with an NMOS pull-down transistor. A protection circuit includes a first resistor coupled to the CMOS output of the driving device and a gate of the NMOS pull-down transistor. A parasitic NPN bipolar junction transistor has a drain connected to the gate of the NMOS pull-down transistor sad a source coupled to a lower-voltage supply rail VSS. A second resistor connects a gate of the parasitic NPN bipolar junction transistor to Vss. The second resistor has a resistance sized for controlling a trigger voltage of the parasitic NPN bipolar junction transistor for protecting a gate oxide layer of the NMOS pull-down transistor from an electrostatic discharge.
US07672098B2	Power plug with leakage current detection and protection circuit A power plug includes a base, an upper cover attached to the base, a base-side cover adjacent the base and removeably attached to the upper cover, an output cord, a leakage current detection and protection circuit for detecting a leakage current in the output cord, and an electrical connection mechanism for electrically connecting and disconnecting an input side and an output of the power plug. The leakage current detection and protection circuit and the electrical connection mechanism are attached to the base and disposed substantially within a space enclosed by the base and the upper cover. A plurality of connecting ends of the circuit extend from the space enclosed by the base and the upper cover into a space enclosed by the base-side cover and the upper cover. Wires of the output cord are connected to the connecting ends, respectively.
US07672096B2	Switching apparatus and method An improved switching apparatus and method are disclosed. In at least some embodiments, the apparatus includes first and second ports, a first switching device such as a contactor coupled between the ports, and a second switching device coupled in parallel with the contactor between the ports, where the second switching device can be or include a solid-state semiconductor device. The second switching device is operated to become conductive at a first time prior to a second time when the contactor switches between a conductive state and a non-conductive state, and remains conductive up to a third time subsequent to the second time. In at least some further embodiments, the apparatus also includes one or both of a voltage sensing capability and a current sensing capability and switches the second switching device to become conductive based upon voltage and/or current information.
US07672095B2	Relay controller A relay controller for connecting a power source includes at least one relay having at least two contacts. The relay controller includes a processing device operable to selectively switch the relay contacts, and a feedback circuit adapted to identify an actual state of the relay contacts. The processing device is configured to recognize a fault contact condition of a disparity between an expected state of the relay contacts and the actual state of the relay contacts. The processing device is also configured to responsively communicate information relating to the relay fault condition.
US07672094B2	TMR sensor having an under-layer treated with nitrogen for increased magnetoresistance A tunnel junction TMR magnetoresistive sensor formed on layers having nitrogen interspersed therein. The nitrogenation of the layers on which the sensor is deposited allows the sensor layers to have very smooth, uniform surfaces. This greatly improves sensor performance by, for example, providing a very uniform barrier layer thickness.
US07672092B2	Method for manufacturing magnetic field detecting element, utilizing diffusion of metal A method for manufacturing a magnetic field detecting element has the steps of: forming stacked layers by sequentially depositing a pinned layer, a spacer layer, a spacer adjoining layer which is adjacent to the spacer layer, a metal layer, and a Heusler alloy layer in this order, such that the layers adjoin each other; and heat treating the stacked layers in order to form the free layer out of the spacer adjoining layer, the metal layer, and the Heusler alloy layer. The spacer adjoining layer is mainly formed of cobalt and iron, and has a body centered cubic structure, and the metal layer is formed of an element selected from the group consisting of silver, gold, copper, palladium, or platinum, or is formed of an alloy thereof.
US07672091B2	Reset device for biasing element in a magnetic sensor A device resets a biasing magnetization of a biasing element in a magnetic sensor. The device includes a magnetic structure that is magnetically coupled to the biasing element. A conductive element is disposed around at least a portion of the magnetic structure. When a current is passed through the conductive element, a magnetic field is produced that resets the biasing magnetization of the biasing element.
US07672088B2	Heusler alloy with insertion layer to reduce the ordering temperature for CPP, TMR, MRAM, and other spintronics applications A spin valve structure is disclosed in which an AP1 layer and/or free layer are made of a laminated Heusler alloy having Al or FeCo insertion layers. The ordering temperature of a Heusler alloy such as Co2MnSi is thereby lowered from about 350° C. to 280° C. which becomes practical for spintronics device applications. The insertion layer is 0.5 to 5 Angstroms thick and may also be Sn, Ge, Ga, Sb, or Cr. The AP1 layer or free layer can contain one or two additional FeCo layers to give a configuration represented by FeCo/[HA/IL]nHA, [HA/IL]nHA/FeCo, or FeCo/[HA/IL]nHA/FeCo where n is an integer ≧1, HA is a Heusler alloy layer, and IL is an insertion layer. Optionally, a Heusler alloy insertion scheme is possible by doping Al or FeCo in the HA layer. For example, Co2MnSi may be co-sputtered with an Al or FeCo target or with a Co2MnAl or Co2FeSi target.
US07672081B2	Perpendicular magnetic recording head A perpendicular magnetic recording head which moves in a track direction of a recording layer of a perpendicular magnetic recording medium to write information on the recording layer or read information from the recording layer. The perpendicular magnetic recording head includes: the perpendicular magnetic recording medium including a soft magnetic underlayer and the recording layer; a write head including a main pole that applies a magnetic field to, and writes information to, the recording layer and a return pole having a first end which is connected to the main pole and having a second end which is spaced apart from the main pole over an air bearing surface (ABS) of the perpendicular magnetic recording head which is adjacent to the recording layer; and a permanent magnet formed on at least one side of the write head.
US07672078B2	Magnetic recording/reproducing apparatus It is an object of the invention to provide a magnetic recording/reproducing apparatus in which a special motor for driving the head cleaning mechanism is eliminated, and space can be saved with low cost. An end of a tape accommodated in a tape cassette 2 has a coupling element 8, the coupling element 8 is pulled out by a tape-pulling-out element 40 and taken up around a drive reel 20, the magnetic recording/reproducing apparatus comprises a head cleaning mechanism 90 for cleaning a magnetic head 7, the head cleaning mechanism 90 includes a head brush portion for holding a brush portion, and a cam mechanism for changing a position of the head brush portion, the cam mechanism is operated by a tape-pulling-out element moving member 50 and a loading lever 30.
US07672075B2	Magnetic recording medium, recording/reproducing apparatus, and stamper In a magnetic recording medium including a servo pattern region having a servo pattern formed of a concave/convex pattern having convex portions and concave portions and a data recording region, the region having a data track pattern, the convex portions are formed in an address pattern region of the servo pattern region such that the maximum opening lengths, which are located in the respective same radius regions of the respective opening lengths along the rotating direction of a substrate of the concave portions constituting the concave/convex pattern are set to first lengths that are double the minimum opening lengths along the rotating direction of the concave portions in the respective same radius regions. With this arrangement, the magnetic recording medium can securely read a magnetic signal and has a servo pattern having excellent surface smoothness.
US07672071B2	Servo field preamble detector and methods for use therewith A servo field preamble detector includes an upsampling module that generates a plurality of upsampled read samples by upsampling a read signal by an upsampling factor. An interpolation filter module generates a plurality of interpolated read samples from the plurality of upsampled read samples. A peak detection module identifies a plurality of peak samples from the plurality of interpolated read samples. A magnitude estimation module generates a magnitude estimation signal from the plurality of peak samples. A comparison module compares the magnitude estimation signal to a magnitude threshold and asserts a servo preamble detection signal when the magnitude estimation signal compares favorably to the magnitude threshold.
US07672069B2	Linear motor and camera module having the same A linear motor and a camera module having the linear motor are provided. The linear motor includes: a piezoelectric substrate generating a vibration mode in a longitudinal direction on the basis of an applied voltage; first and second shafts coupled to both sides of the piezoelectric substrate with the piezoelectric substrate interposed therebetween; and a moving member coupled to at least one of the first and second shafts to be movable in the longitudinal direction of the first and second shafts and connected to a camera lens on one side. Accordingly, it is possible to remove a dead zone with a simple structure, to prevent an unnecessary increase in thickness, not to cause a stoppage at the time of moving a camera lens, to cause a small amount of tilt to enable a linear control, and to contribute to a decrease in thickness and a compactness of a mobile terminal.
US07672067B2	Optical device, exposure apparatus, and device manufacturing method This invention effectively limits light incidence on an adhesive material fixing an optical element. An optical device includes an optical element, a supporting member connected to the optical element through an adhesive material to support the optical element, and a light shielding film formed in an unirradiated region on the surface of the optical element to limit light incidence on the adhesive material.
US07672066B2	Zoom lens camera and personal digital assistant device A zoom lens includes, in order from an object to an image, a first lens group having positive refractive power, a second lens group having negative refractive power, a third lens group having positive refractive power, and a fourth lens group having positive refractive power, when varying a field angle from a wide-angle end to a telephoto end, the first lens group and the third lens group being moved to be located on the object side at the telephoto end rather than at the wide-angle end such that a distance between the first lens group and the second lens group increases, a distance between the second lens group and the third lens group decreases, and a distance between the third lens group and the fourth lens group increases.
US07672064B2	Optical element and optical unit An optical unit includes one or more optical elements 15 and 25. At least one of the one or more optical elements has an optical functional surface that refracts incident light and rough surfaces 19 and 29 formed on an outer side with respect to the optical functional surface. The rough surfaces scatter the incident light which has been internally reflected. With this configuration, the rough surface formed on the surface located on the outer side with respect to the optical functional surface scatters the light which is incident on the optical element and which may generate ghost due to its internally reflection by the surface located on the outer side with respect to the optical functional surface. Therefore, generation of the ghost is suppressed. Also, since the optical unit includes the optical element having the rough surface, the generation of the ghost is suppressed.
US07672061B2	Zoom lens and imaging device A zoom lens comprises: a stationary group that is stationary at the time of variable power; and a variable power group, disposed on an image side of the stationary group, that makes a variable power operation by moving in an optical axis direction at the time of variable power, wherein the stationary group comprises: a first lens group including a negative meniscus lens and a positive lens and having a positive refractive power as a whole; and a second lens group, disposed on the image side of the first lens group, including: a negative lens group including a negative meniscus lens and a positive lens; and a positive lens group including at least one positive lens, in order from an object side, the second lens group having a positive refractive power as a whole.
US07672060B2	Lens unit A lens unit includes a lens having a focal length variable responsive to an applied electrical field, and an electrical connector. The electrical connector is a flexible circuit element that connects the lens to an electrical power supply.
US07672057B2	Microscope objective A microscope objective having at least four lenses or groups of lenses and which can be used to improve image contrast. According to the invention, a phase plate, aligned concentrically to the optical axis, can be integrated into and taken out of the air space between the first lens and the second lens, as viewed from the object side. The defined arrangement of the phase plate and the associated shift of the real pupil into the air space between the first two lenses or groups of lenses, respectively, of the microscope objective allows a microscope objective, initially designed as a bright-field variant, to be redesigned as a phase contrast variant with relative ease.
US07672051B2	Optical film and surface light source using it An optical film 10 has a transparent base film 11 made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), a prism made of photo-curing resin such as acryl modified epoxy on an incident surface 12 that is one face of the base film 11, and a hologram similarly made of photo-curing resin on an exit surface 13 opposing the incident surface 12. The prism has grooves or ridges each having a substantially triangular cross section to totally reflect incident light so as to bend the light into a direction perpendicular to the exit surface 13. The hologram anisotropically diffuses light exiting from the exit surface 13, to improve brightness.
US07672049B2	Telescope and panfocal telescope comprising planoconvex of planoconcave lens and deflecting means connected thereto The invention relates to a telescope which is used to inject and/or to extract, by reflection, emitting and/or capturing bundles of beams. According to the invention, at least one deflecting means is joined to the planar surface by means of at least one lens of the telescope objective unit, which is embodied as a plan convex or plan concave lens. The lens is used as a lens of the objective unit and as a holder for the deflection means. The number of optical components in the telescope about one of the holders is reduced due to the dual function thereof.
US07672048B2	Positioning mechanism and microscope using the same A positioning mechanism capable of decreasing width and size and a microscope using the positioning mechanism are provided.The positioning mechanism is provided with a supporting shaft possessing a spherical surface part at a prescribed position and guides disposed substantially parallel to the supporting shaft and is characterized, on the assumption that of the three-dimensional directions, the axial direction of the supporting shaft constitutes the z direction, by the fact that the supporting shaft is nipped by the guides at the position of the spherical surface part and enabled to oscillate on the spherical surface part as a fulcrum in the xy directions and as well slide in the z direction.
US07672047B2	Catadioptric projection objective A catadioptric projection objective for imaging a pattern provided in an object plane of the projection objective onto an image plane of the projection objective comprises: a first objective part for imaging the pattern provided in the object plane into a first intermediate image; a second objective part for imaging the first intermediate imaging into a second intermediate image; a third objective part for imaging the second intermediate imaging directly onto the image plane;wherein a first concave mirror having a first continuous mirror surface and at least one second concave mirror having a second continuous mirror surface are arranged upstream of the second intermediate image;pupil surfaces are formed between the object plane and the first intermediate image, between the first and the second intermediate image and between the second intermediate image and the image plane; andall concave mirrors are arranged optically remote from a pupil surface. The system has potential for very high numerical apertures at moderate lens material mass consumption.
US07672035B2	Separable modulator A separable modulator architecture is disclosed. The modulator has a mirror suspended from a flexible layer over a cavity. The flexible layer also forms supports and support posts for the mirror. An alternative separable modulator architecture has a mirror suspended over a cavity. The modulator is supported by supports and support posts. The support posts comprise a flexible layer over support post plugs. A bus structure may be formed upon the flexible layer arranged over the support posts.
US07672031B2	Hologram recording medium, hologram reproducing apparatus, hologram reproducing method, and hologram sheet A hologram recording medium includes a first element hologram and a second element hologram. On the first element hologram, main data is recorded such that the main data is converted into a two-dimensional image, object light of the two-dimensional image is interfered with recording reference light, and an interference fringe produced as a result of the interference is recorded on the first element hologram. On the second element hologram, simplified-form data representing the content of the main data using a smaller data size than the data size of the main data is recorded such that the simplified-form data is converted into a two-dimensional image, object light of the two-dimensional image is interfered with recording reference light, and an interference fringe produced as a result of the interference is recorded on the second element hologram.
US07672028B2	Color target layout A printer is configured to print a color target that associates colors to which humans are most sensitive to color variance with areas of the color target within which color measurement is less prone to meassurement error. The printer then prints the color target according to the association. In an optional impemementation, measurements of like color elements within the target are average. In a further optional impementation, the averaging is performed using weighted values, wherein the weighting is based on color measurement accuracy within an area within the color target wherein each measured element is located. In a still further implementation, a color look-up table is generated according to measurements made of the color target.
US07672027B2	Image reading apparatus An image reading apparatus includes a reading unit, a control unit and a reference color region. The control unit includes a preliminary read processing unit, a first image acquisition unit, a second image acquisition unit and a reprocessing instruction unit. The reprocessing instruction unit specifies a schematic position of a reference region in the sub-scanning direction and instructs the preliminary read processing unit to perform preliminary reading again at the schematic position of the reference region.
US07672019B2	Enhancing resolution of a color signal using a monochrome signal An image scanning apparatus includes three color line sensors for outputting red, green, and blue color signals, a monochrome line sensor for outputting a monochrome signal having a higher resolution than the color signals, and a resolution-enhancement processor. The resolution-enhancement processor enhances a resolution of a pixel signal of the color signals, based on a monochrome smoothed value obtained by smoothing a signal of an arbitrary pixel of the monochrome signal and signals of pixels around the arbitrary pixel and a color smoothed value obtained by smoothing a signal of a pixel of each color signal and signals of pixels around the pixel of the color signal, the pixel of the color signal corresponding to the position of the arbitrary pixel of the monochrome signal. The image scanning apparatus can perform high-luminance and high-resolution scanning with a 4-line configuration and can reduce color-misalignment phenomenon due to motor drive.
US07672010B2	Method and system to generate document templates with resource administration In a method and system for generating document templates for print jobs, in which a document template is generated in a generation unit using static resource data that are combined into addressable data sets. The document template is registered in a resource administration unit. The resource administration unit generates a resource list in which the resource data sets used by the document template are listed. Using the resource list, the resource administration unit controls a transfer of the used resource data sets to a data processing device in which the document template is supplemented with variable data, whereby the resource administration unit in turn can be controlled via a superordinate program.
US07672008B2	Image processing device, method and program product for separating character, halftone graphic, and halftone photographic regions An image processing device including a detector for detecting a characteristic feature formed from image data and a separator for separating halftone dot graphic regions and halftone dot photographic regions from the image data based on the characteristic feature.
US07672007B2	Information processing methodology An information processing methodology gives rise to an application program interface which includes an automated digitizing unit, such as a scanner, which inputs information from a diversity of hard copy documents and stores information from the hard copy documents into a memory as stored document information. Portions of the stored document information are selected in accordance with content instructions which designate portions of the stored document information required by a particular application program. The selected stored document information is then placed into the transmission format required by a particular application program in accordance with transmission format instructions. After the information has been transmission formatted, the information is transmitted to the application program. In one operational mode, the interface interactively prompts the user to identify, on a display, portions of the hard copy documents containing information used in application programs or for storage.
US07672004B2	Format convertible image processing system, and program An image processing system connects a plurality of clients to an image processing apparatus via a network. The image processing apparatus includes a reading device that reads an image of an original document and generates a prescribed image signal, an image data generating device that applies prescribed image processing to the image signal to generate image data, and a memory that stores the image data. A format converting device is provided to convert an image format of the image data selected from the memory by one of plurality of client apparatuses into a prescribed format in accordance with a format condition designated by the client apparatus. A delivering device is provided to deliver the image data to the client apparatus in the prescribed format.
US07672003B2	Network scanner for global document creation, transmission and management A network scanner, communication protocols, and client and server programs and are provided which provide an improved way to transmit legally binding documents, obviating the need for outmoded, legacy fax transmissions. Using the network scanner, a document may be scanned and transferred directly into any shared folder inbox residing on any computer attached to the Internet. Enhanced server systems and network communications and messaging protocols are provided that are more practical to use than email for sending documents such as executed legal documents or other documents requiring robust integrity and authenticatability. Similarly, the inventive network scanner, server systems and communication protocols provide improved ways to perform large file transfers and to manage bandwidth to minimize problems associated with uploading/downloading large files as attachments to/from email servers and for enabling user control over VoIP quality during file transmission sessions.
US07671999B2	Device for measuring parts by triangulation sensors and an evaluation unit for determining A device for measuring components by a laser triangulation measuring device includes at least two triangulation sensors for determining the height profiles of components. The component is arranged on a movable support plane in a horizontal moving direction relative to the laser triangulation measuring device, whereby at least two triangulation sensors are arranged in a mutual measuring plane forming a positional offset, for determining the height profile and a cross-sectional profile of the component in the measuring plane.
US07671998B2	Surface configuration measuring method and surface configuration measuring system A measuring method, comprising a step of drawing a line on a surface such as ground surface, a step of performing measurement along the line on a predetermined measurement range including the line, a step of acquiring an image of a range including the predetermined measurement range as an image data, a step of superimposing the image data on a measurement data, and a step of calculating a measurement data of the line from line position in the image data and from the measurement data near the line.
US07671995B2	Method for improving surface plasmon resonance by using conducting metal oxide as adhesive layer Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensing technique which provides high specificity and accuracy has been an important method for molecular sensing technology. In the past, in order to affix 45 nm gold film onto glass or silicon substrate, several nanometers of chromium (Cr) or titanium (Ti) has been used as adhesive layer for the attachment of Au film. However, the existence of Cr or Ti thin film deteriorates the performance of SPR sensor due to their characteristic optical absorption. Our experimental results have confirmed the uses of conducting metal oxide, specifically, ITO and Zinc Oxide (ZnO) can be used to replace Cr or Ti for better performance in terms of SPR resonant properties (resonant angle and HMBW) and sensitivity enhancement for 3 to 15 times than traditional ones. It would contribute significantly to the SPR applications in both biosensors and gas sensors.
US07671993B2	Methods and apparatus for estimating the intensity of one spectrum of light in a mixed light, in response to the sensed intensities of one or more other spectrums of light in the mixed light In one embodiment, light having a first spectrum is filtered from a mixed light. Light having a second spectrum, different from the first spectrum, is also filtered from the mixed light. An intensity of the light having the first spectrum, and an intensity of the light having the second spectrum, are then sensed. From the sensed intensities of the lights having the first and second spectrums, an intensity of light having a third spectrum is estimated.
US07671991B2	Handheld colour measurement device A handheld color measurement device includes a housing in which an optoelectronic measurement unit is located which receives measurement light originating from a measurement object, converts it into corresponding electrical measurement signals and processes these measurement signals into preferably digital measurement data characterizing the color of the measurement object. It further includes passive components required for the realization of different application functions, such as measurement windows and reference standards, which can be selectively positioned into the measurement beam path of the measurement unit. The passive components are positioned in a first housing block (100) and the opto-electronic measurement unit as a whole in a second housing block (200). The second housing block is adjustable into several defined application positions relative to the first housing block, in which application positions respectively one of the passive components is located in the measurement beam path of the opto-electronic measurement unit.This special division into two mutually relatively adjustable housing blocks allows an easy realization of a compact color measurement device suitable for many application functions, which is distinguished by a particular user friendliness.
US07671988B2	Detection of particles A device (10) is provided for measuring at least one characteristic (12) related to presence of particles. The device (10) includes a light source unit (16) for emitting light into a region (18) containing particles (20), with the light source being configured to emit light from a plurality of locations in a manner so that the emitted light follows a desired intensity distribution (22), the desired intensity distribution (22) being desired for the measurement of the at least one characteristic (12). In preferred embodiments the intensity distribution is Lambertian.
US07671987B2	Optical detection system for flow cytometry An optical detection system for flow cytometry that uses light sources positioned laterally at different distances from the central axis of the flow stream for providing light through different parts of the flow stream. By using two or more light sources, the particle position can be detected, and the alignment and width of the core stream can be monitored and controlled.
US07671986B2	Spectroscopy apparatus based on hetero-junction phototransistors This invention discloses a variety of spectroscopy apparatus based on high sensitivity photo detector arrays and image sensors employing sidewall-passivated mesa-structure hetero-junction phototransistors (HPTs).
US07671985B1	Device for small spot analysis using fiber optic interfaced spectrometers The present invention is an optical device for small spot analysis by diffuse reflectance using fiber optic interfaced spectrometers. The device comprises a source of electromagnetic radiation and a set of mirrors designed to project most of the radiation from the said source onto a less than 1 mm diameter spot on the sample, collect a portion of the radiation reflected by the sample and refocus this reflected radiation into an optical fiber. The said optical fiber then brings the said reflected radiation into a fiber optic interfaced spectrometer for spectral analysis. A means for the magnified viewing of the sample and the precise selection of the sampling spot for analysis is integrated into the invented device. Adding a digital camera and a laser module to the said device enables nearly simultaneous multimodal analysis of the same sampling spot by diffuse reflectance, Raman, and fluorescence spectroscopy and by image analysis.
US07671982B2	Systems, circuits and methods for reducing thermal damage and extending the detection range of an inspection system Inspection systems, circuits, and methods are provided to enhance defect detection by reducing thermal damage to large particles by dynamically altering the incident laser beam power level supplied to the specimen during a surface inspection scan. In one embodiment, an inspection system includes an illumination subsystem for directing light to a specimen at a first power level, a detection subsystem for detecting light scattered from the specimen, and a power attenuator subsystem for dynamically altering the power level directed to the specimen based on the scattered light detected from the specimen. The power attenuator subsystem may reduce the directed light to a second power level, which is lower than the first, if the detected scattered light exceeds a predetermined threshold level. The systems and methods described herein may also be used to extend the measurement detection range of an inspection system by providing a variable-power inspection system.
US07671980B2	Surface inspection method and surface inspection apparatus A surface inspection apparatus capable of acquiring scattered light intensity distribution information for each scattering azimuth angle, and detecting foreign matters and defects with high sensitivity. A concave mirror for condensation and another concave mirror for image formation are used to cope with a broad cubic angle. Since mirrors for condensation and image formation are used, a support for clamping the periphery of a lens is unnecessary, and an effective aperture area does not decrease. A plurality of azimuth-wise detection optical systems is disposed and reflected light at all azimuths can be detected by burying the entire periphery without calling for specific lens polishing. A light signal unification unit sums digital data from a particular system corresponding to a scattering azimuth designated in advance in the systems for improving an S/N ratio.
US07671976B2	Systems and methods of using a flexible imaging surface to capture a rolled fingerprint Fingers and palms can be optically scanned to produce optical finger or optical palm prints by using one or more flexible imaging members in contact therewith. The palm or finger being scanned is positioned on one side of the flexible imaging member and in contact therewith. One or more optical scanners is positioned on the other side of the imaging member. The sensor(s) then sense incident radiant energy or light indicative of friction ridge patterns and minutiae on the respective finger and/or palm. Alternately, RF or electro-static sensing could be used.
US07671973B2	Optical analysis system using multivariate optical elements The present invention provides an optical analysis system for determining an amplitude of a principal component of an optical signal. The principal component is indicative of the concentration of a particular compound or various compounds of a substance that is subject to spectroscopic analysis. The optical signal is subject to wavelength selective weighting and wavelength selective spatial separation specified by a weighting function. The optical signal is preferably separated into two parts that corresponding to a positive and negative spectral band of the weighting function, respectively. The separation provides separate detection of the separated parts of the optical signal without significant loss of intensity, thereby providing an improved signal to noise ratio of the determined principal component. Separation and weighting of the optical signal is realized by two multivariate optical elements.
US07671972B2	Optical sensing methods and apparatus A method of sensing movement or proximity of objects by optical reflection is provided. The method includes the steps of transmitting a train of optical pulses towards a destination, sensing optical pulses reflected from the destination, and sensing and evaluating movement or proximity characteristics of objects at the destination with reference to variation in pulse width between transmitted and reflected optical pulses.
US07671971B2	Electro-optical method for measuring distance and detecting a non-ideal chirp profile The invention relates to an electro-optical distance measuring method wherein frequency-modulated optical radiation is emitted onto at least one target to be measured. Once the radiation back-scattered to the target is received, the chirp of radiation is modeled by means of a phase function Φ(t) having parameters cj, thereby making description of the deviation of the chirp from the linear profile possible. The parameters used for description are at least partially determined from measurements or are coestimated during numerical signal processing.
US07671967B2	Exposure apparatus and exposure method An exposure method includes the steps of (a) calculating a pupil transmittance distribution in a projection optical system based on a first effective light source distribution of the projection optical system acquired by a measuring apparatus of an exposure apparatus, and a second effective light source distribution derived from a pupil plane light intensity distribution measured on a plate plane using light that has passed the projection optical system without a reticle, (b) calculating an imaging performance by using a result of the pupil transmittance distribution calculating step and the first or second effective light source distributions, (c) adjusting at least one of the effective light source distribution or the projection optical system by using the imaging performance, and (d) exposing the plate based on at least one of the effective light source distribution and the projection optical system that have been adjusted.
US07671965B2	Lithographic projection apparatus, device manufacturing method and device manufactured thereby A lithographic projection apparatus comprising a radiation system for supplying a projection beam of electromagnetic radiation in the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) range, a support structure for supporting patterning structure, the patterning structure serving to pattern the projection beam according to a desired pattern, a substrate table for holding a substrate and a projection system for projecting the patterned beam onto a target portion of the substrate. A space within the apparatus, which space contains a mirror, is supplied with a hydrocarbon gas which forms a protective cap layer on the mirror surface. The partial pressure of the hydrocarbon gas in the space is controlled in response to variations in the background pressure in the space and/or in the reflectivity of the mirror, such that the thickness of the cap layer on the mirror remains within an acceptable range. The partial pressure of hydrocarbon may be increased in order to sputter away the cap layer and/or, if extra multilayers are provided on the mirror, the top layer(s) of the mirror, thus providing a clean mirror surface. The hydrocarbon used may be an alcohol, in which case the cap layer formed is self-terminating.
US07671962B2	Spacer forming method and spacer forming apparatus Providing a spacer forming method by which spacers can be securely formed in a predetermined region on a substrate. Ink containing granular spacers is jetted onto a crossing portion of a black matrix 5 in the shape of a lattice. Red pixel R, green pixel G and blue pixel B are formed in the openings of the lattice. The spacer containing ink is jetted onto the spacer forming positions from the nozzle by the ink jetting method. Plural drops of ink 7 are jetted onto each of the spacer forming positions on one of the opposite substrates E. The gap between the opposite substrates E can be securely maintained at a constant for filling with liquid crystal.
US07671954B2	Liquid crystal display device and method for fabricating the same A liquid crystal display (LCD) device includes an array substrate; a gate line formed on the array substrate; a data line formed on the array substrate crossing the gate lines; a thin film transistor formed on the array substrate, the thin film transistor being formed at an intersection between the gate line and the data line; a pixel electrode formed on the array substrate and connected to the thin film transistor; an insulating interlayer formed on an entire surface of the array substrate; a common electrode formed on the insulating interlayer and having a plurality of slits; a metal line formed on the insulating interlayer overlapping the data line and the common electrode; a color filter substrate attached to the array substrate; and a liquid crystal layer formed between the array substrate and the color filter substrate.
US07671952B2	Multi-domain vertical alignment liquid crystal display panel A liquid crystal display panel is disclosed. The liquid crystal display panel includes a bottom substrate, a plurality of wires disposed on the bottom substrate, a plurality of pixel units electrically connected to the wires, a top substrate disposed opposite to the bottom substrate, a liquid crystal layer disposed between the top and bottom substrates, and at least one protrusion disposed on the top substrate corresponding to the wires formed between two adjacent pixel units. Each pixel unit includes a thin film transistor and a pixel electrode disposed on the bottom substrate. The pixel electrode is electrically connected to the thin film transistor, in which the pixel electrode has a plurality of main slits.
US07671949B2	Polarizing plate with optical compensation function, and liquid crystal display device using the same A polarizing plate with optical compensation function, including a polarizing layer and an optically compensating layer, wherein the optically compensating layer includes an optically compensating A-layer including a stretched polymer film and an optically compensating B-layer including a cholesteric liquid crystal layer.
US07671947B2	Optical film, optical compensation film, polarizing plate, liquid crystal display unit and self luminous display unit An optical film which has Re(λ) and Rth(λ) fulfilling the following two formulae: 0≦Re(590)≦10 \|Rth(590)\|≦25 wherein Re(λ) is a retardation value in plane (nm) at a wavelength of λ nm; and Rth(λ) is a retardation value in film thickness direction (nm) at a wavelength of λ nm.
US07671938B2	Transflective liquid crystal display The invention relates to a transflective liquid crystal display (LCD) comprising a patterned quarter wave foil (QWF) and having improved chromaticity.
US07671934B2	Display device and display device stand According to one embodiment, a display device includes a display module and a stand having a tilt mechanism which adjusts an upright angle of the display module. The tilt mechanism includes a fixed portion provided on the stand, a movable portion provided on the display module, a hinge shaft which pivotably couples the fixed portion and the movable portion together, and a lock member which limits pivoting of the movable portion with respect to the fixed portion. The lock member is movable between a lock position where the lock member engages with the movable portion so as to prevent the display module from falling down through at least a predetermined angle and a release position where the lock member leaves the movable portion so as to allow the display module to pivot freely.
US07671933B2	Liquid crystal display module A liquid crystal display module for preventing noise caused by friction between a support main and a light guide plate is provided. In the module, a hole is defined at a support main having at least one of a polygonal shape or a circular shape. A light guide plate is disposed on the support main. A protrusion which protrudes from a side surface of the light guide plate is inserted into the hole. The protrusion has at least one of said polygonal shapes and said circular shape.
US07671932B2	Active matrix substrate and pixel defect correcting method therefor An active matrix substrate facilitates correction of a pixel defect and a pixel defect correcting method. A laser target portion of a drain electrode extension portion is irradiated with laser light so as electrically disconnect a TFT from a subpixel electrode. Laser target portions are irradiated with laser light so as to melt an insulating layer, thereby establishing electrical connection between a drain electrode extension portion and a corrective connecting electrode and between a data signal line (13(m+1)) and the corrective connecting electrode. Laser target portions are irradiated with laser light, thereby establishing electrical connection between a drain electrode extension portion of a pixel P(n+1, m) and a corrective connecting electrode and between the data signal line (13(m+1)) and the corrective connecting electrode. Laser target portions are irradiated with laser light so as to separate part of the data signal line (13(m+1)) and use the separated part of the data signal line (13(m+1)) as a detour conductor.
US07671931B2	Liquid crystal display device and method of fabricating the same A liquid crystal display device includes a plurality of data lines arranged along a first direction on a substrate, a plurality of gate lines arranged a second direction perpendicular to the first direction on the substrate to define a plurality of pixel regions, each of the gate lines having at least one first set of protrusions and depressions, a driving device within each of the pixel regions, a pixel electrode within each of the pixel regions, and a metal layer overlapping each of the gate lines to create a storage capacitor.
US07671930B2	Liquid crystal display pixel structure having sub-pixels with particular capacitance A pixel structure suitable for disposing between a first scan line and a second scan line of a multi-domain vertical alignment liquid crystal display (MVA LCD) panel is provided. The pixel structure includes a first active device, a second active device, a first pixel electrode, a second pixel electrode and alignment members. The first active device is electrically connected with the first scan line and a data line of the LCD panel, and the second active device is also electrically connected therewith. The first and the second pixel electrode are electrically connected to the first and the second active device, respectively, and the first pixel electrode covers a part of the second scan line to form a compensation capacitance. Therefore, there is a voltage difference between the second pixel electrode and the first pixel electrode. The alignment members are disposed on the first and the second pixel electrode.
US07671927B2	Method for reducing channel switching delay in digital broadcast receiver and digital broadcast receiver using the same A method and an apparatus for reducing channel switching delay in a digital broadcast receiver are provided. The digital broadcast receiver includes a signal reception unit, which receives a broadcast signal and converts the received broadcast signal into an intermediate frequency (IF) signal, a digital demodulation unit, which retrieves a transport stream from the IF signal, a demultiplexing unit, which extracts a video signal from the transport stream by parsing the transport stream, a video decoder, which retrieves a video image from the video signal by decoding the video signal, and an output selection unit, which prevents a background image from being output and outputs the video image when sensing a first intra frame of the video signal input to the video decoder after the digital broadcast receiver is switched to a new channel.
US07671924B2	Method and device for scaling a two-dimensional image A scaling device for video displays includes a limited number of line buffers and produces stable output frames by using a stable clock source to produce the output image clock. The scaling device further includes an error counter for determining an error between an ideal output line length and an actual line length and an error accumulator for keeping a running total of all output line length errors. The error accumulator can signal when the total line error for a given frame is greater than one, indicating that an additional output point should be added to the blanking area of that output line.
US07671923B2	Digital processing system and method for tracking subcarrier included in video signal A digital processing system and method for tracking a subcarrier included in a video signal are provided, where a phase comparator tracks the phase of a color burst signal based on predetermined supposed phases, Y/C separation and demodulation are carried out based on a compensation phase that is updated by a phase compensator in response to the tracked phase, and the Y/C separation and demodulation are performed based on a compensation frequency determined by a frequency compensator by checking short-term and long-term variations in the updated compensation phase.
US07671922B2	Chroma upsampling method and apparatus therefor A unique method for chroma vertical upsampling used, for example, for conversion of the “4:2:0” format chroma information used in many applications of digital video, to the “4:2:2” or “4:4:4” format, is presented. This conversion is required so that video encoders can effect the display of this chroma information with a minimum of visible artifacts. The present invention carries out chroma vertical upsampling on a pixel by pixel basis. This chroma vertical upsampling is performed as a function of the amount of motion associated with each pixel as detected between 2 or more fields, and the field, frame and progressive sequence characteristics of the incoming video signal data.
US07671920B2	Camera body of a video system with a handgrip and video system A camera body of a video system has a housing which is comprised of cover elements. Two of the cover elements which, in an area of the handgrip, are fitted together and which shape a part of the housing, also shape the handgrip of the housing.
US07671916B2	Motion sensor using dual camera inputs Motion sensing of a portable device using two cameras. A first camera is directed along a first viewing axis and a second camera is directed along a second viewing axis, different from the first viewing axis. The second viewing axis can be substantially opposite the first viewing axis. A motion processing module determines changes in images from the first camera and changes in images from the second camera. The motion processing module compares the direction of change determined from the first camera images relative to the direction of change determined from the second camera images. The motion processing module determines the motion of the portable device based in part on the comparison.
US07671915B2	Solid-state imaging apparatus A solid-state imaging apparatus including: a pixel section having two-dimensionally arrayed unit pixels each having a first pixel and a second pixel respectively containing photoelectric conversion devices that are located at positions regarded as the same position at which image is formed by an imaging optical system; a reset control means for simultaneously resetting respectively independently all first pixels and all second pixels of each unit pixel arrayed in the pixel section; a difference signal output means for obtaining a difference signal between signals of the first pixel and of the second pixel; a control section for rendering control such that a reset is effected of signals of all first pixels of the pixel section and, after a desired exposure time, a reset is effected of signals of all second pixels of the pixel section by the reset control means, and then signals of the first pixel and of the second pixel are read out respectively in a simultaneous or substantially simultaneous manner immediately after the reset of signal of all second pixels by the reset control means so as to output a difference signal between these as imaging signal by the difference signal output means; and a characteristic difference correction means for correcting a characteristic difference between the first pixel and the second pixel.
US07671912B2	Solid-state imaging apparatus A solid-state imaging device capable of simplifying a pixel structure to reduce a pixel size and capable of suppressing a variation in characteristics between pixels when a plurality of output systems are provided. A unit cell includes two pixels having upper and lower photoelectric converters, transfer transistors connected to the upper and lower photoelectric converters, a reset transistor, and an amplifying transistor. A full-face signal line is connected to the respective drains of the reset transistor and the amplifying transistor. Controlling the full-face signal line along with transfer signal lines and a reset signal line to read out signals simplifies wiring in the pixel and permits reduction of the pixel size.
US07671909B2	Method and apparatus for processing Bayer-pattern digital color video signal Provided are a method and apparatus for processing a Bayer pattern digital color video signal, where the video signal processing apparatus includes a BP detector that generates the pixel information signal PIS representing whether the current pixel is good or bad from the input video data based on the difference between the current pixel data and neighbor pixel data, and an interpolator that interpolates the bad pixel using neighbor pixel data in response to the pixel information signal.
US07671908B2	Offset correction during correlated double sampling in CMOS image sensor For correlated double sampling in an image sensor, a comparator receives and compares a reset signal and a sensing signal from a pixel of the image sensor. Also, a controller adjusts a voltage at a controlled input of the comparator to compensate for offset of the comparator from feed-back of an output of the comparator. The controller includes at least one charging current source and at least one discharging current source that are controlled to adjust such a voltage.
US07671907B2	Image-capturing apparatus A digital camera enables high-speed zooming operation without use of a zoom lens. Light originating from a fixed-focal-length lens is split into two beams by a beam splitter, to thus form respective images on a first image sensor and a second image sensor. The first image sensor and the second image sensor are equal to each other in terms of the number of pixels, but differ from each other in terms of a pixel size. The first image sensor acquires a wide image, and the second image sensor acquires a telephotography image. An output is produced by means of switching between the first image sensor and the second image sensor, in response to zooming operation. When the image from the first image sensor is recorded, focus detection is performed by use of an image signal from the second image sensor, to thus effect automatic focusing.
US07671905B2	Image processing apparatus and method for image processing relevant images An image processing apparatus is provided which includes a memory for storing plural photographic images, an input key for instructing a desired photographic image among the photographic images stored in the memory to be subjected to image processing, a determining section to determine whether a photographic image related to the photographic image which is instructed to be subjected to the image processing by the input key is stored in the memory, and an informing section to inform a user when the determining section determines that the related photographic image is stored.
US07671899B2	Electronic camera having a focusing circuit for performing a plurality of focusing operations on the basis of an in-focus level and/or an image area In an electronic camera, during a photographing operation for photographing a white sheet of paper or the like to obtain white balance data, a plurality of distance measuring points provided in an automatic focusing mechanism are restricted to only the one that is located at a central portion of the image plane. Further, a determination level used for determining an in-focus state in the automatic focusing mechanism is set lower than where an ordinary object is photographed. Accordingly, the photographing operation for obtaining white balance data can be completed for a short time. Furthermore, if the automatic focusing operation itself is inhibited during the photographing operation for photographing a white sheet of paper or the like to obtain white balance data, that photographing operation can be completed for a very short time.
US07671892B2	Image sensing apparatus, and control method, program, and storage medium of image sensing apparatus An image sensing apparatus according to the present invention includes: an image sensing unit configured to sense an object image and output image signals; a shift amount detecting unit configured to detect a shift amount between two image signals, from the image signals that are sequentially output by the image sensing unit; an image signal synthesizing unit configured to sequentially synthesize the image signals based on detection results of the shift amount detecting unit, and generate a synthesized image signal that has been corrected by the shift amount; and a memory unit configured to accumulate the synthesized image signal, wherein the image signal synthesizing unit performs level adjustment of a signal level, the level adjustment varying for each area of the two image signals that are to be synthesized, and generates the synthesized image signal.
US07671890B2	Roving camera security system A covert all-weather roving camera security system includes a monorail track, at least one self-propelled trolley able to move itself back and forth continuously along the monorail track, and a plurality of surveillance cameras attached to the trolley. A housing completely encloses the monorail track and the trolley and has a sunshield on its top to protect the cameras from overheating and a filtered window on its sides and bottom to prevent human eyes from seeing in the housing while permitting the cameras to see out.
US07671884B2	Rotary drive apparatus, optical scan apparatus, and image formation apparatus A rotary drive apparatus includes a rotary body with a support portion, a rotor magnet supported by the support portion of the rotary body, a fixation section facing the rotor magnet and rotatably supporting the rotary body, and a winding coil provided in the fixation section, in which an expression E1/E2≦0.75 is satisfied where Young's modulus of the rotor magnet is E1 [GPa], and Young's modulus of the support portion is E2 [GPa].
US07671883B2	Image recording apparatus A laser beam emitted from each semiconductor laser 27 is guided by a step index type multi-mode optical fiber, a graded index type multi-mode optical fiber deformable and movable with movement of a recording head, and a step index type multi-mode optical fiber, to be emitted from a light emitter toward an imaging optical system.
US07671878B2	Thermal printer and paper recognition method A thermal printer has a first thermal head, a second thermal head, and a feeding mechanism. The feeding mechanism feeds one of thermal papers which include a double-sided thermal paper having thermosensitive layers formed on both sides thereof and a single-sided thermal paper having a thermosensitive layer formed on one side thereof. The first thermal head is so provided as to be brought into contact with a first side of the thermal paper fed by the feeding mechanism. The second thermal head is so provided as to be brought into contact with a second side of the thermal paper fed by the feeding mechanism. The thermal printer determines whether a mark has been printed at least one of the first and second sides of the thermal paper and controls print operation based on a determination result.
US07671876B2	Resolution scaler using a decimal part of an accumulator output as a weight for generating scaled pixel data A resolution scaler of the present invention uses a shift adder instead of a multiplier for scaling an input resolution. The resolution scaler is provided with a counter controller and a pixel scaler. The counter controller outputs a weight to the pixel scaler. The pixel scaler includes a first shift adder for outputting the first shift value by adding a plurality of first shift arguments generated by shifting the current pixel data, a second shift adder for outputting the second shift value by adding a plurality of second shift arguments generated by shifting the previous pixel data, and an adder for outputting the scaled pixel data by adding the first shift value and the second shift value.
US07671874B2	System for regional data association and presentation and method for the same A database methodology that concerns the mapping of any arbitrary object into a plurality of regions, enabling the assignment of multiple region-specific attributes thereto and facilitating the concurrent, graphical presentation of any assigned attributes. Attribute storage, manipulation, and presentation are driven by the individual regions and characteristics of the object.
US07671873B1	Systems for and methods of processing signals in a graphics format According to one aspect, the invention provides an apparatus for converting data encoded in a graphics signal to at least one output signal. The apparatus includes an input, a plurality of outputs, signal processing circuitry and a controller. The input is adapted to receive the graphics signal where the graphics signal includes a plurality of frames generated at least in part from original data. The signal processing circuitry is adapted to locate, in the graphics signal, data corresponding to the original data, convert the data corresponding to the original data to output data and communicate the output data to the plurality of outputs. The controller is adapted to monitor a capacity of the signal processing circuitry and generate a signal that results in at least one disposable frame being added to the plurality of frames. The signal processing circuitry is adapted to discard the at least one disposable frame.
US07671871B2	Graphical user interface for color correction using curves To make an intuitive interface for curves for color correction, a particular color is selected, such as gray, and the effect of each curve on pixels of that color may be displayed as a background image for the curve. A background image also may indicate a color to which tones corresponding to a selected and manipulated point of a curve will be modified or corrected. An image representing a gradient from the color component, through gray, to a complement of the color component may be displayed in association with the displayed function curve to suggest a result of color correction to be applied to the input image by manipulation of the function curve. A background image may suggest to the user what will happen if a point on the curve is moved. For example, if a user takes a point on the green curve that is in the center of the display and moves it to the lower right, the resulting image will have a magenta tint. The background image for the curve for the green channel shows more magenta in the lower right. A user can determine from an image to be corrected and the background image of the curves both which curve to use and approximately which direction to manipulate the curve.
US07671870B2	Tiling data sets for computer graphics Data tiles can be combined to form attribute data sets for use in generating computer graphics images. Tiles may be arranged in a regular grid pattern or in arbitrary, irregular positions. Tiles can be overlapped slightly and blended to hide tile boundaries. The value of the combined data set in an overlap region may be a weighted sum of values from the tiles. To compensate for reduced variance and contrast caused by blending, the values in overlap regions can be scaled by a variance correction factor. The variance correction factor is the inverse of the reduction in variance from the source tiles. Tile values can be scaled by their weights and variance correction values at the time they are combined or in advance, if the pattern of tile overlaps are consistent. Data tiles can be comprised of bandlimited noise data or other data types.
US07671865B2	Refresh of display A method, apparatus, and signal-bearing medium for sending to a display device only those regions of the display screen that change. A frame buffer is divided into tiles, which may be composed of one or more regions, and data in the frame buffer represents pixels on the display screen. When data representing a pixel is modified in the frame buffer, the region or tile associated with the pixel is marked as dirty, and those tiles or regions that are dirty in the frame buffer are written to the display.
US07671864B2	Faster image processing Methods and machines which increase image processing performance by efficiently copying image data from input memory to main memory before performing CPU intensive operations, such as image enhancement, compression, or encryption, and by efficiently copying image data from main memory to output memory after performing CPU intensive operations, such as decryption, decompression, image enhancement, or reformatting.
US07671859B2	Thin instrument cluster with anti-reflective coating An instrument display includes a light source that selectively emits light and a light guide that receives the light. One or more optical coating layers are disposed on the light guide. The light guide has a first index of refraction, and the optical coating layer or layers have a second index of refraction that is greater than the first index of refraction of the light guide. The optical coating layer or layers reduce glare from ambient light and increase the light transmitting performance of the light guide.
US07671855B2	LCD, and driving device and method thereof Disclosed are an LCD capable of realizing a pre-charging method even in the random data-enable mode, and an apparatus and method for driving the same. In the LCD driving apparatus, a timing controller outputs a vertical sync start signal based on a data-enable signal having an irregular output interval to control the output of the image data. A gate driver sequentially applies both first and second gate-on voltages to a same gate line based on the vertical sync start signal. The first gate-on voltage is to drive a previous line being most adjacent to and having the same polarity as the current line, and the second gate-on voltage is to drive the current line. An LCD panel is first charged with the first gate-on voltage supplied from the gate driver, and then charged with the second gate-on voltage, so that it can display analog image data received from the data driver during the second charging.
US07671854B2	High-potential output stage A high-potential output stage includes an output circuit to power a load with a variable high potential when it receives a low-level active input logic signal. It also includes a driving circuit which produces a high-level control logic signal as a function of the input logic signal to drive the output circuit which is powered by a DC high potential. The output stage also synchronizes the input logic signal with variations of the variable high potential.
US07671851B1	Reconfigurable tactile controls and displays New methods and apparatus are provided for efficiently and safely providing controls and displays therefore, particularly, but necessarily to be used within the center stack region of a vehicle instrument panel. The apparatus utilizes, in most embodiments, a rear projection display and machine vision sensing of control position and, optionally, finger touch. A very stylistic and easy to use instrument panel results which can be programmed or otherwise provided in many different forms to suit different users or option package designs.
US07671846B1	Computer system having a pressure-sensitive controller, setup method for a pressure-sensitive controller and recording medium that records this method In order to minimize differences in a pushing speed of a user pushing control elements of a controller in, for example, an entertaining system, arising from differences in the body weights of users, the gives instructions to a computer running software depending on the pushing pressure of the user on the control element connected to a pressure-sensitive device of the controller. The controller is set up to instruct the user to push the control element with at least a maximum strength. The value obtained when the control element is pushed, is stored as the maximum value. Based on the maximum value and a pressure-sensing value table defined in software or various pressure-sensing values, a new pressure-sensing value table or various new pressure-sensing values are generated.
US07671842B2	Dual mode input device A dual mode input device, e.g. an optical mouse, is capable of performing data input function by moving the input device. Alternatively, the dual mode input device can also be an optical trackball. By turning the dual mode input device upside down, a trackball can be mounted to or exposed from the bottom surface to perform data input function by manipulating the trackball so that no movement of the input device is required.
US07671841B2	Portable terminal with position-variable display and method A portable terminal with a position-variable display comprising a main body for inputting information and controlling communication, a folder coupled to the main body, a display unit rotationally disposed on the folder for displaying image information, a rotating means for providing angular rotation of the display unit along a plane of the folder, and a sliding means for moving the display unit in a direction along a length of the portable terminal.
US07671836B2	Cell phone with shiftable keypad The invention is related to electronic devices (1), preferably cell phones or handhelds, containing a layer (2) and a moving mechanism for this layer (2), so that the layer (2) is extractable out of a rest position from the main casing (10). The described layer (2) usually contains a keypad (3). According to the invention, the moving mechanism allows the layer (2) to be extractable out of his rest position in different directions, preferably in two, three, or four directions. The inventive arrangement allows a more comfortable and flexible use of the device.
US07671835B2	Image display apparatus and image display method In an image display apparatus and image display method suppress the degradation of display function and the shortening of service life due to long-term use, measurement of a current value is carried out and the measured current value each time a certain time elapses is stored. The integrated value of the current is calculated, and a comparator compares the integrated value with a reference value stored in a storage section for determining whether or not the result is greater than a prescribed value. If the result is affirmed to differ by prescribed value, a recovery voltage is applied, and it is determined whether or not a recovery time has exceeded a stored recovery time. If the excedance of the recovery time is affirmed, the application of the recovery voltage is terminated. If a negation is given at the determination of the greater difference value, the flow is ended. If a negation is given at the determination of the recovery time, the recovery voltage is applied.
US07671826B2	Semiconductor device, display device, and electronic device A display device includes a load, a transistor for controlling a current value supplied to the load, a capacitor, a first wiring, a second wiring, and first to fourth switches. Variations in the current value caused by variations in the threshold voltage of the transistor can be suppressed through the steps of: (1) holding the threshold voltage of the transistor in the storage capacitor, (2) inputting a potential in accordance with a video signal, and (3) holding a voltage that is the sum of the threshold voltage and the potential in accordance with the video signal, in the storage capacitor. Accordingly, a desired current can be supplied to the load such as a light emitting element.
US07671824B2	Plasma display and driving method thereof A plasma display panel for adaptively reducing load effect and improving luminescence efficiency and discharge efficiency, and a driving method thereof. A plasma display panel includes a capacitive load; a source capacitor; a sustain voltage source to generate a sustain voltage; a first inductor formed on a first current path where a current flows from the capacitive load to the source capacitor; a second inductor formed on a second current path where a current flows from the source capacitor to the capacitive load; a switch configuration and switch control circuit that controls the switching operations of the switch configuration such that at least two discharges may occur during one sustain pulse cycle.
US07671823B2	Multi-angle mirror Multi-angle mirror methods and related systems.
US07671821B2	Image signal generating apparatus, image signal transmission apparatus, image signal generating method, image signal transmission method, image display unit, control method for an image display unit, and image display system An image signal generating unit supplies a single image signal to multiple image display units having different unit numbers. Embedded in the image signal is an index signal designating the image display units on which the image signal is to be displayed. Each image display unit compares its unit number with the index signal to select displayable frames of the image signal, preferably storing and displaying the most recent selected frame. Each image display unit can thereby display a different image. The image signal may have a standard format.
US07671819B2	Antenna assembly An antenna assembly includes an antenna. The antenna assembly includes at least one interrupted loop or rod of electrically conducting material and a printed circuit board (PCB). At least a part of the PCB together with the at least one interrupted loop or rod of electrically conducting material forms the antenna.
US07671818B2	Antenna device with integrated connection cable, and radio apparatus The objective of the present invention is to provide a connection cable that serves as an external antenna for a radio apparatus, and whose antenna performance is not deteriorated in the use state by an adverse affect attributable to the near proximity of a human body.According to the present invention, an antenna device, integrally formed with first connection means, which is to be connected to a radio apparatus, second connection means, which is to be connected to a peripheral device, and a connection cable and an antenna element, which are located in between and which transmit a plurality of signals from the radio apparatus to the peripheral device, includes: first relay means, located at a middle position in the connection cable, for relaying the plurality of signals; the antenna element, located between the second connection means and the first relay means; and a coaxial line, located between the first connection means and the first relay means for transmitting, to the radio apparatus, an antenna reception signal that has been received at the antenna element and has been extracted by the first relay means, wherein the antenna element serves as an external antenna for the radio apparatus.
US07671817B2	Wideband antenna An antenna arrangement for a communication device is provided that may include a monopole antenna element having a bottom side joined to a first lateral side and joined to a second lateral side. The bottom side may be joined to each lateral side at an angle less than 90 degrees for forming an antenna element area defined at least by the bottom side and the first and second lateral sides. The antenna element area may include an central part arcuate around a longitudinal axis in a conical fashion, so that at least a part of the bottom side is provided half a turn around the longitudinal axis.
US07671816B2	Low frequency antenna An antenna includes a core formed of a high-permeability material and a coil wire wrapped around at least a part of the core. In one embodiment, the high-permeability material includes ferrite material.
US07671813B2	Earphone antenna and wireless device including the same An earphone antenna is provided in which two pairs of audio/high-frequency signal lines respectively corresponding to left and right earphone units are connected to a balun. The left and right earphone units are connected to terminals of the two pairs of audio/high-frequency signal lines remote from the balun via loading coils, respectively. The terminals of the two pairs of audio/high-frequency signal lines remote from the balun are further connected to each other by a pair of conductive lines via audio blocking means. The earphone antenna having such a structure can eliminate high-frequency adverse effects on a wireless device transmitted from a human body via an earphone.
US07671812B1	Wind noise reducing mounting bases for antenna assemblies An antenna assembly is provided that includes an antenna element depending from an antenna mounting base. The mounting base includes a shaft portion that uniformly tapers from a mounting end portion to a projecting end portion. The shaft portion includes grooves, or flutes, that each extends from the mounting end portion toward the projecting end portion, and that each has a curvature about an axis of the shaft portion. The grooves provide the shaft portion with an asymmetrical cross-sectional area that causes airflow impinging on the shaft portion to generate turbulence and scatter low air pressure regions that tend to form locally around the shaft portion. As a result, small vibrations generated by the low pressure regions are suppressed, and whistling sounds, noises, etc. associated with the vibrations may be reduced.
US07671811B2	Antenna device with ground plane coupled to conductive portion of an electronic device Disclosed is an antenna device arranged inside a display module of an electronic device with a conductive portion. The antenna device includes an antenna element with a ground plane and a signal feeding end for transceiving a wireless signal, an antenna signal feeding line coupled to the signal feeding end of the antenna element for feeding the wireless signal transceived by the antenna element. At least one mounting element for fixing the antenna element onto the casing and forcing the ground plane of the antenna electrically contacting with the conductive portion of the casing, so that the conductive porting serves as an extended ground for the ground plane of the antenna element.
US07671810B2	Antenna structure for a notebook An antenna structure for a notebook with four radiation members, the antenna structure has an elongate supporting rack having thereon a first radiation member, a second radiation member, a third radiation member and a fourth radiation member; each radiation member is planar, and is integrally connected with the supporting rack. Thereby, when the notebook uses a plurality of antennas, the costs of mold developing and time for processing can be reduced, and in designing, the space of the antenna will not waste by having the structure, and a better effect in function can be obtained.
US07671806B2	Antenna system for a radar transceiver In an antenna system for a radar transceiver, in particular for measuring distance and/or velocity in the surroundings of motor vehicles, having at least one antenna, which includes at least one first part situated on a chip and a second part situated at a distance from the first part and beam-coupled to the first part, the second part of the antenna is situated on an antenna substrate or another chip, which is attached over the first part by flip chip bonds.
US07671804B2	Tunable antennas for handheld devices A compact tunable antenna for a handheld electronic device and methods for calibrating and using compact tunable antennas are provided. The antenna can have multiple ports. Each port can have an associated feed and ground. The antenna design can be implemented with a small footprint while covering a large bandwidth. The antenna can have a radiating element formed from a conductive structure such as a patch or helix. The antenna can be shaped to accommodate buttons and other components in the handheld device. The antenna may be connected to a printed circuit board in the handheld device using springs, pogo pins, and other suitable connecting structures. Radio-frequency switches and passive components such as duplexers and diplexers may be used to couple radio-frequency transceiver circuitry to the different feeds of the antenna. Antenna efficiency can be enhanced by avoiding the use of capacitive loading for antenna tuning.
US07671795B2	Wireless communications device with global positioning based on received motion data and method for use therewith A circuit includes a global positioning system (GPS) receiver that receives a GPS signal and that generates GPS position data based on the GPS signal. A wireless receiver converts an inbound RF signal into an inbound symbol stream. A processing module converts the inbound symbol stream into inbound data that includes a motion parameter and generates position information based on at least one of the GPS position data and the motion parameter.
US07671793B2	Positioning system, terminal apparatus, method of controlling terminal apparatus, program for controlling terminal apparatus and computer-readable storing medium for storing program for controlling terminal apparatus A communication base station has: a communication signal sending device for sending a communication signal including base station position information indicating a position of the communication base station and sending direction information indicating a sending direction from the communication base station, and the terminal apparatus has: a communication signal receiving device; a base station pseudo range information generating device; a satellite orbital position information generating device; a satellite pseudo range information generating device; a candidate position information generating device; and a positioning location information generating device for designating one position out of positions on the circumference indicated in the candidate position information on the basis of the sending direction information to generate positioning location information, and so on.
US07671790B2	Positioning system, positioning device, communication base station, control method, and recording medium storing program A communication base station includes a propagation time evaluation section which determines whether or not a propagation time required for a communication radio wave to propagate between the communication base station and a positioning device is within a predetermined allowable time range, a code phase calculation section which calculates a code phase of each satellite signal, a difference calculation section which calculates a difference between the code phase calculated by the communication base station and a positioning-side code phase, a difference evaluation section which determines whether or not the difference is within a multipath range which is a difference range when the positioning-side code phase is affected by a multipath, a correction value transmission section which transmits the code phase calculated by the communication base station to the positioning device when the difference evaluation section has determined that the difference is within the multipath range, and the like.
US07671788B2	Apparatus and method for suppression of unnecessary signals in a radar system By pulsing transmission radio waves of continuous wave radar, clutter components included in a reception signal are suppressed.In a radar system that emits into space pulsed transmission radio waves being generated based on a frequency-modulated reference continuous waveform, acquires a reception signal by receiving the pulsed transmission radio waves reflected from an external object, and computes distance thereto and velocity thereof from the frequency of a beat signal obtained by mixing the acquired reception signal with the reference continuous waveform, the radar system includes a frequency-band selector 19 for classifying, on the basis of a spectral spread corresponding to the pulse width of the pulsed transmission radio waves, frequency components of the beat signal, and a distance/velocity calculator 20 for computing, on the basis of the classified results from the frequency-band selector 19, relative distance to and velocity of a moving object, or relative distance to a stationary object.
US07671785B1	Dual mode weather and air surveillance radar system A radar system having first and second modes of operation comprising a dual antenna assembly comprising first and second antennas having respective first and second antenna waveguides coupled to a waveguide switch operable to divert RF energy to or from either said antenna waveguide, said waveguide switch coupled to a common waveguide, said dual antenna assembly mounted to an antenna support assembly, said first and second antennas being designed for use in said first and second modes respectively and operable for coupling said RF energy to a transmit medium, and for coupling reflected RF energy from transmit medium to said first or second antenna waveguide; and a control processor configured with control logic operable to control the functions of said radar system wherein said first and second antennas are mounted generally perpendicularly in the vertical plane with respect to each other and wherein said radar system operates in only one of said modes of operation at any time.
US07671784B2	Computerized tomography using radar Techniques for detecting contraband are described, as are techniques for generating an image of living tissue. A location of interest relative to a target space is received, and a radar signal is transmitted in the direction of the location of interest. Portions of the radar signal are detected with multiple receiving structures. The detected portions are processed to generate information corresponding to dielectric or loss properties, the properties corresponding to particular positions within the target space. A determination is made as to whether contraband is present in the target space based on the determined properties.
US07671780B2	Method and device for processing an incident signal, in particular for frequency transposition A method is for processing an incident signal, in which the incident signal is delivered to a transconductor stage, and a current output of the transconductor stage is coupled to an output capacitor so as to deliver to the output capacitor a current signal lasting for at least part of the first half-period of each period of a periodic signal and to thus obtain a frequency-transposed signal at the output capacitor. Upon the occurrence of each part of the first half-period, the voltage of the current output, seen from the output capacitor, is reset to a value equal to that of the voltage of the output capacitor.
US07671774B2	Analog-to-digital converter with integrator circuit for overload recovery Apparatus and methods are provided for overload recovery in high order sigma-delta feedback topologies. An apparatus is provided for an analog-to-digital converter. The analog-to-digital converter comprises a first integrator having a first input, wherein the first integrator is configured to produce a first integrated output. A first switched resistance element is coupled between the first input and the first integrated output, wherein the first integrated output is altered when the first switched resistance element is activated. A quantizer is coupled to the first integrated output, the quantizer having a digital output wherein the quantizer converts the first integrated output to a digital value. A digital-to-analog converter is coupled between the digital output and the first input, wherein the digital-to-analog converter converts the digital value to an analog value.
US07671770B2	Single pass INL trim algorithm for networks A single-pass method of trimming a network, and a network manufactured according to the method, uses the assumption that the peak INL value is minimized by trimming all the structures in the network to a same target value based upon the boundary conditions of the discretely adjustable elements that make up the structures. Using this assumption, the number of targets that need to be simulated, can be greatly reduced making estimation of peak INL possible in a reasonable amount of testing or manufacturing time. The trim algorithm produces results that are optimum or substantially close to optimum and is guaranteed not to deteriorate the Peak INL compared to the untrimmed Peak INL. An auto-calibration system using the trim method is also provided so that the method can be used in a product in real time if desired.
US07671769B2	Multistage analog/digital converter and method for calibrating said converter A multistage analog/digital converter for converting in multi-step cycles an input signal into respective digital codes, each cycle step resolving at least one bit of a respective digital code. The converter includes: a sampling circuit inputting the signal and outputting a first sequence of analog samples; a generation block of a pseudorandom sequence of samples; a summing node, such as to input the first sequence and the pseudorandom sequence, obtaining in output a second sequence of analog samples including non-pseudorandom samples; a converter having a controllable digital gain receiving the second sequence and outputting bits of the digital codes; a feedback loop with a loop gain and including an analog amplifier; a digital calibration block to match the digital gain to the loop gain and including a prediction block to produce a digital estimation of said input signal starting from the bits resulting from converting the non-pseudorandom samples.
US07671767B2	LIFO radix coder for electrical computers and digital data processing systems Embodiments described herein may include example embodiments of a method, article and/or apparatus for coding data which may be used for communicating between two or more components connected to an interconnection medium (e.g., a bus) within a single computer or digital data processing system, and/or for communication between computing platforms via a network or other interconnection medium.
US07671766B2	Method and apparatus for signal processing and encoding and decoding method, and apparatus therefor Data coding and entropy coding are performed with interconnection, and grouping is used to enhance coding efficiency. The present invention includes the steps of hierarchically extracting identification information indicating at least three or more data coding schemes. The identification information indicating two coding schemes having high frequencies of use for the identification information are extracted from different layers.
US07671765B2	Apparatus and method for input of ideographic korean syllables from reduced keyboard Systems and methods for input of text symbols into an electronic device comprising a reduced keyboard having keys representing a plurality of characters are disclosed. Possible symbol variants are identified based on character inputs received from the reduced keyboard. Each identified symbol variant is grouped into one of a plurality of groups of symbol variants, each group having an associated priority, according to a type of the symbol variant. Within at least one of the groups, the symbol variants are ranked in decreasing order of frequencies of use of the symbol variants. A list of symbol variants comprising the plurality of groups of symbol variants in order of decreasing priority is then displayed, and an input symbol is selected from the list of symbol variants. The symbol variants of the at least one of the groups of symbol variants are thereby sorted by both priority and frequency of use.
US07671764B2	Method and system for using traffic flow data to navigate a vehicle to a destination Methods and systems are provided for selectively using traffic flow data to provide routing options for a vehicle traveling to a destination point. There is provided a method comprising setting a threshold traffic flow data availability level, receiving traffic flow data from traffic flow sensors placed along one or more routes to the destination point, and determining whether the traffic flow data for each route meets the threshold availability level. The method further comprises enabling a flow-based route guidance for those routes for which the traffic flow data meets the threshold availability level. In one embodiment, the flow-based route guidance comprises utilizing the traffic flow data to calculate an estimated time of arrival at the destination point along each route.
US07671761B2	Method and system for calculating altitude above runway for an aircraft The system contains a receiver in communication with a programmable device. The receiver receives a first horizontal distance from the aircraft to a threshold of the runway, an angle of a glide path, and a threshold crossing height. The programmable device determines a projected ground distance from the aircraft to the threshold. The programmable device determines a projected ground distance from the threshold to a glide path intercept point. The programmable device determines a vertical value along the glide path relative to a projected ground distance between the aircraft and the glide path intercept point. The programmable device determines a synthetic altitude above runway for the aircraft.
US07671760B2	Traffic signal system A traffic signal system for utilizing an efficient and simplistic structure to regulate vehicle and pedestrian traffic. The traffic signal system includes a support member including at least one receiver member and at least one light module including a plug member extending outwardly from the light module, wherein the plug member is positionable within a cavity of the receiver member.
US07671756B2	Portable electronic device with alert silencing In some embodiments, audible alerts issued by a portable electronic device can be silenced in response to user smacks on the body of the device. These audible alerts are initiated by applications running on the device, such as email, phone, alarm, and/or timer applications. In some embodiments, the device includes one or more accelerometers that detect and signal the user smacks. In some embodiments, the alert response mode of the device (such as whether it rings or vibrates to signal an alert) can be changed in response to predefined patterns of user smacks.
US07671755B2	Battery current sensor for a motor vehicle A battery current sensing device for the battery of a vehicle includes a current sensor, a substrate having a measuring circuit, and a connecting element having first and second ends. The current sensor is connected to the battery to receive current flow of the battery. One end of the connecting element is electrically and mechanically connected to the substrate and the other end of the connecting element is electrically and mechanically connected to the current sensor such that the connecting element electrically and mechanically connects the substrate in a fixed position to the current sensor with the measuring circuit being electrically connected to the current sensor. The first end of the connecting element includes a press-fit contact for establishing the connection to one of the current sensor and the substrate.
US07671751B2	System and method for conducting pet death, and other pet related transactions over a computer network A business method for conducting pet, death, DNA and other related transactions over a computer network is disclosed. A one-stop site on the Internet permits remote users to establish accounts, run user sessions, obtain information, and order pet, death, DNA and other related products and services from a variety of sources and vendors. The one-stop site performs multiple services that are ordinarily done by many both for the initial user and for subsequent related users that are referenced to the site. Charges for all transactions are made to user accounts and payments need only be made to the one-stop site.
US07671749B2	System and method for startling animals A device is disclosed which is configured to startle certain pests which may cause a variety of problems in certain areas of a home or workplace. By limiting the action of the pests, or removing the pests from the area, the invention may prevent the destruction of property, minimize animal droppings, and minimize the spread of disease. The invention includes an external shell in the shape of any desired animal, wherein the external shell also covers internal mechanical, electronic and electrical components. The components are configured to move parts of the animal shell and move other items attached to the shell. The movement may be a result of a motion detector detecting an undesirable pest, programmable timer, a remote control device operated within the safety of a home or by other sensors.
US07671741B2	Anti-theft security device and perimeter detection system A security tag in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention includes a housing, a membrane operable for attachment to merchandise, wherein the housing is connected the membrane, a monitoring device operable to monitor whether a party removes or attempts to remove the housing from the membrane and an alarm operable to emit a tamper signal when the monitoring device indicates that a party has removed or attempted to remove the housing from the membrane in an unauthorized condition. A security system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention includes a security tag operable for connection to merchandise to be secured, a monitoring device operable to monitor whether a party removes or attempts to remove the security tag from the merchandise and an alarm operable to emit a tamper alarm signal when the monitoring device indicates that a party has removed or attempted to remove the security tag from the merchandise in an unauthorized condition.
US07671736B2	Wireless electromagnetic parasitic power transfer A wireless system including an antenna, an electrical energy storage unit connected to the antenna, the energy storage unit receiving power via electromagnetic coupling of the antenna with an RF field generated by a master unit, and an electronics package. The electronics package is powered by the energy storage unit, and it includes a sensor, a processor that is capable of acquiring data from the sensor, and a transmitter connected to the processor and to the antenna, wherein the energy storage unit is capable of storing sufficient energy to supply power for the processor to format a message containing data acquired from the sensor and for the transmitter to transmit the message wirelessly via the antenna.
US07671729B2	System and a method for remote monitoring customer security systems There is provided a system for remote monitoring a plurality of security systems connected to the Internet, the security systems being assigned dynamic IP addresses, each of the security systems comprising a remote monitoring server module, the system comprising a central alarm monitoring service connected to the Internet for periodically communicating with the plurality of security systems and determining a status thereof to generate an alarm signal as a function of the status, the alarm monitoring service storing a current IP address of the plurality of security systems in an IP address database, and a remote monitoring gateway providing authenticated or unauthenticated dynamic domain name service (DDNS) server functionality to connect a given remote monitoring client to a desired one of the security systems, the gateway being connected to the IP address database and to the Internet. There is further provided a method of remote monitoring a security system.
US07671728B2	Systems and methods for distributed monitoring of remote sites Rules are applied to video surveillance data to detect events. Localization of the events is achieved by decomposing events into distinct components, each of which can, in some embodiments, be defined at different locations and by different users.
US07671726B2	Apparatus for improving reception in a wheel monitoring system and manufacturing the same A wheel position detecting apparatus comprises transmitters, a triggering device, and a receiver. The transmitters are attached to the plurality of wheels respectively. Each transmitter transmits a frame responsively to a triggering signal from the triggering device. The frame includes data indicating a reception intensity of the triggering signal. The triggering device is disposed in a vehicle body and outputs the triggering signal toward the transmitters attached to the plurality of wheels. This triggering device is positioned nearest to a specified wheel among the plurality of wheels to which the triggering signal is outputted, the specified wheel being influenced most heavily by noise generated in the vehicle. The receiver, disposed to the vehicle body, receives the frame and uses the data indicating the reception intensity of the triggering signal to detect positions of the wheels by determining which transmitter is attached to which wheel.
US07671722B1	Pill storage system A pill storage system includes a housing that with a bottom wall and a peripheral wall is attached to and extends upwardly from the bottom wall. The peripheral wall has an upper edge defining an opening into an interior of the housing. A cover is removably positioned over the opening and closes the housing. At least one loop is attached to an outer surface of the bottom wall. A bracelet for being worn by a user of the housing extends through the at least one loop. The bracelet removably secures the housing to the user.
US07671721B2	Remote sensor, device and method for activating selected remote sensor components This publication discloses a remote identifier, a reader, and a method for activating a desired remote identifier. The remote identifier (2) includes a microcircuit (7), in which there is a memory and means for processing a radio-frequency signal, an antenna (6) connected to the microcircuit (7), by means of which both the signal and also electric power for the operating voltage of the microcircuit (7) can be received. According to the invention, a component (3), the electrical properties of which change due to the effect of infrared, or visible light, is electrically connected to the microcircuit (7) of the remote identifier and in the microcircuit (7) there are means, by which the combined effect of a change in the radio-frequency signal and the electrical component (3) can be expressed by a correlation method for the signals, in order to activate the remote identifier (2) for two-way data transmission.
US07671711B2	Linear actuator for circuit breaker remote operation device A remote operation includes an electromagnetic linear actuator that has a moving part linked to a handle of a circuit breaker, and drives the handle according to a remote operation command to perform change-over operations on the handle to ON, OFF, and RESET positions. The electromagnetic linear actuator is composed of permanent magnet type linear pulse motors each including a field section having a plurality of permanent magnets arranged in a row and a coil section having a three-leg type magnetic yoke and actuation coils wound around the legs of the magnetic yoke and opposing the field section. Electric current in the actuation coils is controlled by sequentially changing-over excitation patterns during the operation process, and the moving part is driven in a stepwise motion to drive the handle of the circuit breaker to the end position of the changeover operation process.
US07671709B2	Substrate and substrate module A substrate module includes a first substrate and a second substrate. The first substrate comprises a base material; a transmission line in which a signal line is sandwiched between two ground patterns, on the surface of the base material; a ground pattern on the rear surface of the base material; and an exposed portion in which the ground pattern on the substrate surface is exposed by partially cutting out the base material and the ground pattern on the substrate rear surface. The second substrate comprises a base material and a transmission line in which a signal line is sandwiched between two ground patterns, on the surface of the base material. In connecting a transmission line of the first substrate and that of the second substrate, the ground patterns of the first and second substrates are fused with each other at the exposed portion and fixed.
US07671706B2	High frequency multilayer bandpass filter In a multilayer bandpass filter, capacitances are produced between a ground electrode provided in a ground electrode formation layer and capacitor electrodes provided in a capacitor electrode formation layer. A plurality of inductor electrodes are defined by via-electrodes and line electrodes such that loop planes of inductor electrodes at least partially overlap each other when seen in a direction in which the inductor electrodes are arranged. The direction of the loop of the inductor electrode of the LC parallel resonator located (at a first stage) at an input end is set to be opposite to the direction of the loop of the inductor electrodes of the LC parallel resonator (at a second stage) adjacent to the inductor electrode of the LC parallel resonator located at the input end. Similarly, the direction of the loop of the inductor electrode of the LC parallel resonator located (at a fifth stage) at an output end is set to be opposite to the direction of the loop of the inductor electrodes of the LC parallel resonator (at a fourth stage) adjacent to the inductor electrode of the LC parallel resonator located at the output end.
US07671705B2	Surface acoustic wave filter and resonator utilizing a branch electrode with an electrically opened end A SAW filter comprises an IDT disposed on a piezo-electric substrate, wherein the IDT includes comb-shaped electrodes having a plurality of interdigital electrodes arranged in a propagation direction of surface acoustic waves and bus bars for connecting these interdigital electrodes, arranged in opposition, and the interdigital electrodes are crossed with one another. The IDT comprises one or more branch electrodes branched from the interdigital electrode and positioned in a non-overlap zone between an overlap zone at which the interdigital electrodes overlap and the bus bar, and the branch electrode includes a branch electrode body extending in a direction substantially orthogonal to the propagation direction of surface acoustic wave. The SAW filter can be applied to any of a longitudinally coupled multi-mode filter, a ladder type filter, a resonator, a filter having a resonator connected in series to a longitudinally coupled multi-mode filter, and the like. A SAW filter and a SAW resonator highly resistant to damages to the electrodes with high Q and low insertion loss can be provided.
US07671701B2	Method and device for providing broadband over power line communications A transmit and receive circuit for use in power line communication devices is provided. One embodiment of the circuit includes a receive channel with a first delay circuit coupled to a first switch having an open configuration and a closed configuration a first switch. The circuit also may include a transmit channel coupled to the receive channel at a node and including a second delay circuit coupled to a second switch having an open configuration and a closed configuration. When the switch of either channel is closed, the switch of the other channel is open. Data signals traversing either channel when that channel's switch is closed, are phase shifted approximately three hundred and sixty degrees and conducted back to the node.
US07671700B1	Hollow waveguide directional coupler A hollow waveguide directional coupler comprises two hollow waveguide sections that are coupled to each other by a plurality of coupling openings formed in a wall extending between the hollow waveguide sections. Two adjacent coupling openings have a distance of 3λg/4. from each other, λg being the wavelength of the nominal center frequency of the operating frequency range of the directional coupler.
US07671696B1	Radio frequency interconnect circuits and techniques A multilayer circuit board assembly includes one or more radio frequency (RF) interconnects between different circuit layers on different circuit boards which make up the circuit board assembly. The RF interconnects can include one or more RF matching pads which provide a mechanism for matching impedance characteristics of RF stubs to provide the RF interconnects having desired insertion loss and impedance characteristics over a desired RF operating frequency band. The RF matching pads allow the manufacture of circuit boards having RF interconnects without the need to perform any back drill and back fill operation to remove stub portions of the RF interconnects in the multilayer circuit board assembly.
US07671682B2	Variable gain power amplifier A variable gain power amplifier includes a power amplifying unit and a signal generating unit. The power amplifying unit includes a control terminal, and a gain of the power amplifying unit is variable by a control signal provided through the control terminal. The signal generating unit generates the control signal to be provided to the control terminal. The signal generating unit includes a switching circuit to be turned on and off by a binary signal, a constant current source that generates a constant current, and a variable current source that generates a variable current. Also, the signal generating unit generates, when the switching circuit is on, a control signal of a magnitude that turns on the power amplifying unit and depends on a magnitude of a sum of the constant current and the variable current. When the switching circuit is off, the signal generating unit generates a control signal of a magnitude that turns off the power amplifying unit.
US07671681B2	Gigabit ethernet transceiver with analog front end Circuitry to remove switches from signal paths in integrated circuit programmable gain attenuators. Programmable gain attenuators and programmable gain amplifiers commonly switch between signal levels using semi-conductor switches. Such switches may introduce non-linearities in the signal. By isolating the switches from the signal path linearity of the PGA can be improved.
US07671676B2	Continuous time common-mode feedback module and method with wide swing and good linearity A continuous time common mode feedback module is capable of operating in a wide range of input voltages. The common mode feedback module includes a common mode detector and an amplifier for computing and amplifying the difference of a reference voltage and a common mode voltage of a first input signal and a second input signal. The common-mode feedback module includes a common mode resolver and a control voltage generating module coupled to each other to provide a common mode feedback voltage. The common mode feedback module provides a good linearity and a wide bandwidth, without compensation requirements. The common mode feedback module also provides small process corner dependence of bias current and a common mode offset.
US07671674B2	Amplifier circuit with automatic gain correction The present invention relates to an amplifier circuit and system, and to a method of compensating a gain imbalance generated in a complementary amplifier stage with first and second amplifier means (22, 24) in a bridge configuration. A compensation offset current is generated in response to the values of input signals supplied to respective inputs of said first and second amplifier means, and the compensation offset current is injected to a junction node between the inputs of the first and second amplifier means (22, 24). Thereby, it can be ensured that the gain of the first and second amplifier means does not depend on the kind of input signals, i.e. balanced or unbalanced input signals. An automatic gain correction can thus be achieved and the requirement of additional control signals or control terminals for selection of gain control circuits depending on the kind of input source or input configuration of the amplifier circuit can be dropped.
US07671673B2	Class-D amplifier A PWM modulator adds first and second input signals to each other, and performs PWM modulation processing for outputting a PWM-modulated pulse whose pulse width is modulated according to a result of addition. A shift register delays a bit stream acquired from a ΔΣ modulator, thereby generating two bit streams having a time difference which is one-half a period of PWM modulation processing, and the bit streams are supplied at first and second input signals to the PWM modulator.
US07671672B2	Baseband noise reduction An active circuit includes (a) a first chopper circuit that receives an input signal and a chopping signal of a frequency higher than a base band of the input signal, and that provides a modulated input signal; (b) an amplifier that receives the modulated input signal and that provides an amplified signal resulting from amplifying the modulated input signal; and (c) a second chopper circuit that receives the amplified signal and the chopping signal to provide an output signal. The chopping signal has a frequency that may be dynamically adjusted to accommodate changes in impedance and signal spectrum as a result of the operations of the chopper circuits. The active circuit further includes a low pass filter that receives the output signal and that attenuates components of the output signal above the base band of the input signal. In this manner 1/f noise introduced by the amplifier is eliminated or reduced.
US07671669B2	Device and method for reducing input noise A device and a method for reducing input noise providing at least a microcontroller. The microcontroller comprises: at least a noise reduction device, at least an analog switch and at least a signal output unit. The noise reduction device connected to the ground or a voltage is turned on to charge or discharge a stray capacitor existing on a turned off analog switch so that the amount of charge stored in the stray capacitor is zero or a specific value. Thereby, the noise in a touch switch is reduced and the cost of layout on the PCB is saved.
US07671668B2	Core voltage generation circuit A core voltage generation circuit includes a comparator configured to perform a differential comparison of a reference voltage and a feedback core voltage. An amplifier is configured to amplify the external power supply voltage in response to an output signal of the comparator to generate the core voltage. A control switch is configured to form a current path of the comparator using different switch units according to a voltage level of an external power supply voltage input to the core voltage generation circuit.
US07671665B2	Constant-ON state high side switch circuit An electrical switching circuit for controlling current flow to an electrical load from a primary power source with a first electrical potential difference relative to a circuit ground comprising a primary energy storage device with a low side coupled to the electrical load, a secondary electrical energy storage device with a high side and a low side, a controllable electrical switch that toggles the low side of the secondary energy storage device from the circuit ground to the low side of the primary energy storage device, a primary unidirectional current gate coupled between the high side of the secondary energy storage device and the high side of the primary energy storage device to let current flow from the secondary energy storage device to the primary energy storage device when the potential difference of the high side of the secondary energy storage device is higher than the high side of the primary energy storage device, a secondary unidirectional current gate coupled between a secondary power source with an electrical potential difference of at least the predetermined potential relative to the circuit ground and the high side of the secondary energy storage device to let current flow from the secondary power source to the high side of the secondary energy storage device when the potential difference of the secondary power source is higher than the high side of the secondary energy storage device, wherein periodic operation of the secondary electrical switch charges the secondary energy storage device when the secondary switch toggles its low side to the circuit ground and the secondary energy storage device charges the primary storage device when the secondary switch toggles its low side to the low side of the primary energy storage device.
US07671664B1	Charge pump control circuit and method A charge pump control circuit that four main parts: a clock control circuit; a clock switch and driver circuit; a pump stage; and a dynamic load control circuit. The clock control circuit has a dynamic load that is controlled by the dynamic load control circuit. When the charge pump control circuit is enabled, the dynamic capacitive load is applied which incorporates a delay allowing the high frequency clock to control the pump stage and quickly charge the output to the desired boosted voltage. This provides a very fast boosted output voltage during a startup condition. Once the desired output voltage is realized, the dynamic capacitive load is disabled and the low frequency clock takes over the operation. During each low frequency clock cycle, the high frequency clock is enabled for several cycles per cycle of the low frequency clock.
US07671662B2	Thermally stable semiconductor power device A semiconductor power device includes a circuit to provide a gate signal wherein the gate signal has a negative temperature coefficient of gate driving voltage for decreasing a gate driving voltage with an increase temperature whereby the semiconductor power device has a net Ids temperature coefficient that is less than or equal to zero. In an exemplary embodiment, the gate voltage driver includes a diode that has a negative forward voltage temperature coefficient connected between a gate and a source of the semiconductor power device. In another embodiment, the gate voltage is integrated with the semiconductor power device manufactured as part of an integrated circuit with the semiconductor power device.
US07671659B2	Clock control circuit and voltage pumping device using the same A clock control circuit is provided. The clock control circuit includes a voltage supplier for supplying a first voltage in response to a first clock signal, a voltage booster for boosting the first voltage in response to the first clock signal input to the voltage booster, and a clock generator for generating a second clock signal having a voltage level equal to the boosted first voltage in response to the first clock signal.
US07671657B1	Voltage level shifter with voltage boost mechanism A voltage level shifter with voltage boost mechanism is disclosed for interfacing two circuit units having different operating voltage swings. The voltage level shifter includes a first inverter, a second inverter, a first capacitor, a second capacitor and a plurality of transistors. The input and power ends of the first inverter function to receive an input voltage and a first voltage respectively. The output end of the second inverter functions to provide an output voltage. When the input voltage is a ground voltage, the output voltage is also a ground voltage; meanwhile, the switches are controlled for charging the first and second capacitors to a second voltage and a third voltage respectively. When the input voltage is the first voltage, a sum voltage of the first, second, and third voltages is furnished to the power end of the second inverter for providing the sum voltage as the output voltage.
US07671653B2	Dual edge triggered flip flops An implicitly pulsed dual edge triggered pulsed latch. The implicitly pulsed latch includes an overlapping clock generator and a transparency circuit designed to cause a transparent latch circuit to become transparent on each edge of a clock signal. A logic value on the input node of the latch is transferred to the output node of the latch in response to each clock edge transition. An explicitly pulsed dual edge triggered pulsed latch including a pulse generator and a transparent latch circuit. The explicitly pulsed latch includes a symmetrical pulse generator designed to cause the latch circuit to pass a logic value from the input node of the latch to the output node of the latch in response to a pulse on the clock node.
US07671651B2	Duty cycle correction circuit of delay locked loop and delay locked loop having the duty cycle correction circuit A duty cycle correction circuit and a delay locked loop (DLL) including the duty cycle correction circuit, are capable of controlling their operation in order to correctly analyze the cause of generation of a duty cycle error when the duty cycle error is generated in the DLL. The duty cycle correction circuit selectively outputs to a DLL core duty cycle offset information for controlling a duty cycle of an internal clock signal synchronized to an external clock signal under the control of a switching control signal. The DLL corrects the duty cycle of a reference clock signal according to the duty cycle offset information, thereby outputting a reference clock signal having a 50% duty cycle.
US07671650B2	Timing vernier using a delay locked loop A method for synchronizing a plurality of programmable timing verniers with a reference pulse signal, each of the verniers being programmable to one of a plurality of timing steps within a delay range determined by a control signal applied to a bias input. A first and second control vernier is selected from the plurality of verniers, the first control vernier is programmed to a first delay, and the second control vernier is programmed to a second delay. The first and second control verniers are triggered together to generate respective first and second delay signals. A difference pulse signal is generated with a duty cycle corresponding to a difference between the generated first delay signal and second delay signal. The duty cycle of the pulse signal is compared to a duty cycle of the reference pulse signal to generate a difference signal pulse. The difference signal pulse is coupled to the bias input of the verniers to adjust the delay range, such that the duty cycle of the difference signal approaches the duty cycle of the reference pulse signal. In one embodiment there is provided a circuit for implementing the method.
US07671645B2	Chipsets and clock generation methods thereof Chipsets capable of preventing malfunction caused by feedback clock distortion are provided, in which a phase frequency detector generates a control voltage according to a first reference clock and a first feedback clock, a voltage-controlled oscillator generates an output clock according to the control voltage, a frequency divider performs a frequency-division on a second feedback clock to obtain the first feedback clock, and a frequency filter estimates swings and frequency of a third feedback clock from an external unit and selectively outputs one of the third feedback clock or the output clock to serve as the second clock.
US07671642B2	Amplitude controlled sawtooth generator A sawtooth voltage generator has a first capacitor that is charged with a variable feedback control current to provide a sawtooth output signal with a controlled amplitude. A feedback loop includes a comparator that compares a version of the sawtooth output signal with a fixed voltage reference to provide a comparator output signal to a phase frequency comparator, the output of which controls a source of the variable feedback control current. A method includes controlling the amplitude of a sawtooth output signal by charging a capacitor in a sawtooth voltage generator with a variable feedback control current; comparing a version of the sawtooth output signal with a fixed reference voltage to provide a comparator output signal; processing the comparator output signal in a phase frequency comparator to provide up/down control signals; and controlling the variable feedback control current with the up/down control signals from the phase frequency comparator.
US07671640B2	Direct injection-locked frequency divider circuit with inductive-coupling feedback architecture A direct injection-locked frequency divider circuit with inductive-coupling feedback architecture is proposed, which is designed for integration to a high-frequency circuit system with a high operating frequency such as 24 GHz (gigahertz), for providing a frequency-dividing function. The proposed frequency divider circuit comprises an injection-locked oscillator (ILO) circuit module and a pair of buffer-stage circuits, wherein the ILO circuit module further includes a signal-injection circuit, a cross-coupled switching circuit, and a variable-capacitance tuning circuit. The proposed circuit architecture is characterized by the circuit arrangement of a direct-injection architecture and an inductive-coupling feedback architecture by coupling the inductive elements of the buffer-stage circuits to the inductive elements of the variable-capacitance tuning circuit in the ILO circuit module. These features allow the proposed frequency divider circuit to have higher operating frequency with wider frequency locking range, low power consumption, and small integrated circuit layout area.
US07671639B2	Electronic circuit In the case of an electronic circuit, comprising a drive unit, which generates at least one drive signal, two or more power semiconductor switches each having a first and a second main terminal, which power semiconductor switches can be switched synchronously by the drive signal, the first and the second main terminals of the power semiconductor switches in each case being electrically connected in parallel among one another, for each of the power semiconductor switches a first and a second electrically conductive connection for connection to the drive unit, a uniform dynamic current division between the power semiconductor switches is achieved according to the invention by virtue of the fact that a first inductance is provided in each of the first electrically conductive connections, and a second inductance is provided in each of the second electrically conductive connections, the first inductance being coupled to the second inductance for each of the power semiconductor switches.
US07671638B2	Negative N-epi biasing sensing and high side gate driver output spurious turn-on prevention due to N-epi P-sub diode conduction during N-epi negative transient voltage A high-side driver in a driver circuit for driving a half-bridge stage having high- and low-side power switching devices series connected at a switched node, the high-side driver driving the high-side power switching device. The high-side driver including first and second complementary switched MOSFET series connected at a high-side node, driving the high-side power switching device, one of the MOSFETs having a parasitic bipolar transistor formed between the substrate, an N+ epitaxial region connected to the high-side driver supply voltage and the switched node, with the parasitic transistor having a base electrode formed by the N+ epitaxial region, an emitter electrode formed by the substrate and a collector electrode formed by the switched node, such that if a transient voltage that is negative with respect to the substrate is present at the high-side driver supply voltage, the parasitic transistor will conduct a short circuit current between the switched node and the substrate; a first circuit for controlling the conduction of the first and second MOSFETs to switch the high-side switching device ON and OFF; a diffusion in the N+ epitaxial region in which a terminal connected to the switched node is provided by the diffusion forming the collector of the parasitic transistor; and a second circuit coupled to the diffusion for sensing the high-side driver supply voltage at the epitaxial region and providing a signal to the first circuit to prevent turn-ON of the high-side power switching device.
US07671636B2	Switching circuit and driving circuit for transistor A switching circuit includes: a transistor having a first electrode, a second electrode and a control electrode; a zener diode; and a capacitor. A connection between the first electrode and the second electrode is capable of temporally switching between a condition state and a non-conduction state by switching a control voltage of the transistor. The zener diode and the capacitor are coupled in series between the first electrode and the control electrode of the transistor. The first electrode is a drain or a collector.
US07671635B2	Frequency synthesizer, coupled divide-by-N circuit, current-reuse multiply-by-M circuit A frequency synthesizer is provided in the present invention. The frequency synthesizer includes a single phase-locked loop having a reference frequency signal input, a first output, a second output and a pair of divide-by-N circuits coupled with each other and electrically connected to the second output; a multiply-by-M circuit having a first input electrically connected to the first output and a third output; and a combination of a buffer and a mixer having a second input electrically connected to the second output and a third input electrically connected to the third output generating a frequency signal output.
US07671629B2	Single-supply, single-ended level conversion circuit for an integrated circuit having multiple power supply domains A circuit comprises first, second, third, and fourth transistors. The first transistor has a first current electrode, a control electrode for receiving an input signal, and a second current electrode. The second transistor has a first current electrode coupled to the second current electrode of the first transistor for providing an output signal, a control electrode coupled to the control electrode of the first transistor, and a second current electrode coupled to a first power supply voltage terminal. The third transistor has a first current electrode coupled to a second power supply voltage terminal, a control electrode, and a second current electrode coupled to the first current electrode of the first transistor. The fourth transistor has a first current electrode coupled to the control electrode of the third transistor, a control electrode coupled to the control electrodes of the first and second transistors, and a second current electrode coupled to the control electrode of the first transistor.
US07671627B1	Superscale processor performance enhancement through reliable dynamic clock frequency tuning In the case of a pipelined processor, a performance gain is achievable through dynamically generating a main clock signal associated with a synchronous logic circuit and generating at least one backup register clock signal, the backup register clock signal at the same frequency as the main clock signal and phase shifted from the main clock signal to thereby provide additional time for one or more of the logic stages to execute. Error detection or error recovery may be performed using the backup registers. The methodology can further be extended, to design a system with cheaper technology and simple design tools that initially operates at slower speed, and then dynamically overclocks itself to achieve improved performance, while guaranteeing reliable execution.
US07671625B1	Omnibus logic element Disclosed is an LE that can provide a number of advantageous features. For example, the LE can provide efficient and flexible use of LUTs and input sharing. The LE may also provide for flexible use of one or more dedicated adders and include register functionality.
US07671624B1	Method to reduce configuration solution using masked-ROM A packaged PLD solution includes a first die having a masked-Read Only Memory (ROM) that is programmed during its fabrication to store configuration data, and includes a second die having a PLD including a number of configurable resources collectively configured to implement a circuit design embodied by the configuration data. The first die is electrically connected to the second die, and both the first die and second die are stacked and encapsulated together to form the packaged PLD solution. The configuration data is programmed into the masked-ROM by a manufacturer of both the masked-ROM and the PLD.
US07671623B2	Device for managing the consumption peak of a domain on each powering-up A device is provided for managing the current consumption peak on each powering-up of a domain in an electronic circuit. A plurality of domains are present and a global power supply grid provides power. Each domain is selectively supplied by a local supply grid connected to the global supply grid via a plurality of commanded switch transistors. A pre-charge transistor is used to pre-charge a domain at powering-up. A command circuit controls operation of the switch transistors through an analog command signal whose slew rate is controlled to ensure that switch transistor conduction is delayed to enable the pre-charge circuit to charge the domain to a sufficient degree that activation of the switch transistor will not draw excessive current. A detection circuit is configured to compare the instant value of the supply voltage with a fixed reference supply voltage and/or to compare, with the value of a fixed command voltage, the instant value of the differential voltage between the global supply voltage and the command voltage.
US07671622B2	On-die-termination control circuit and method On-die-termination control circuit includes a mode detecting unit for detecting a power-down mode and a power-down delay configured to delay an on/off control signal in the power-down mode. On-die-termination control circuit provided a shift register configured to delay an on/off control signal in synchronization with shift clocks in a non-power-down mode, and transfer the on/off control signal as received without delay in a power-down mode, a power-down delay configured to delay the on/off control signal in the power-down mode, and not to delay the on/off control signal in the non-power-down mode and a controller configured to control enabling/disabling of an on-die-termination operation according to information about enable/disable timing of an on-die-termination operation provided by the on/off control signal that have passed through the shift register and the power-down delay.
US07671621B2	Closed loop feedback control of integrated circuits Systems and methods for closed loop feedback control of integrated circuits. In one embodiment a plurality of controllable inputs to an integrated circuit is adjusted to achieve a predetermined value of a dynamic operating indicator of the integrated circuit. An operating condition of an integrated circuit is controlled via closed loop feedback based on dynamic operating indicators of the integrated circuit's behavior.
US07671614B2	Apparatus and method for adjusting an orientation of probes Probes of a probe card assembly can be adjusted with respect to an element of the probe card assembly, which can be an element of the probe card assembly that facilitates mounting of the probe card assembly to a test apparatus. The probe card assembly can then be mounted in a test apparatus, and an orientation of the probe card assembly can be adjusted with respect to the test apparatus, such as a structural part of the test apparatus or a structural element attached to the test apparatus.
US07671613B1	Probing blade conductive connector for use with an electrical test probe A conductive connector includes a flexible-deflectable extension having a probing end and a head connection end. A conductive transmission path extends between the probing end and the head connection end. A pogo-rotational-action pin is electrically connected to the transmission path at the head connection end of the flexible-deflectable extension.
US07671606B2	Portable line impedance measurement method and system A technique is disclosed for determining capacitive, inductive, and resistive components of power line impedance via a portable line impedance measurement system. The measurement system includes a circuit that switches a burden resistor between power line conductors to cause a droop in a voltage waveform. The voltage waveform is sampled prior to inclusion of the resistor in the circuit, as well as after to identify the droop. The short circuit between the power lines is then removed by opening the circuit and a first effective capacitance in the test circuitry causes a resonant ring due to the inductive component of the power line impedance. The process is repeated a second time with a second effective load capacitance enabled in the test circuitry to cause a second resonant ring. Based upon the frequency of the rings and the voltage measurements, the individual impedance components of power line impedance can be computed.
US07671604B2	Nanoscale fault isolation and measurement system Disclosed is a fault isolation and measurement system that provides multiple near-field scanning isolation techniques on a common platform. The system incorporates the use of a specialized holder to supply electrical bias to internal circuit structures located within an area of a device or material. The system further uses a multi-probe assembly. Each probe is mounted to a support structure around a common reference point and is a component of a different measurement or fault isolation tool. The assembly moves such that each probe can obtain measurements from the same fixed location on the device or material. The relative positioning of the support structure and/or the holder can be changed in order to obtain measurements from multiple same fixed locations within the area. Additionally, the system uses a processor for providing layered images associated with each signal and for precisely aligning those images with design data in order to characterize, or isolate fault locations within the device or material.
US07671602B1	Method and apparatus for cross-point detection A method and apparatus for cross-point detection in devices have been disclosed where each leg of a differential signal is compared to a reference voltage and time lags for each are noted in crossing the reference voltage and this information is used to identify characteristics of the differential signal.
US07671595B2	On-coil switched mode amplifier for parallel transmission in MRI Example systems, apparatus, circuits, and so on described herein concern parallel transmission in MRI. One example apparatus includes at least two field effect transistors (FETs) that are connected by a coil that includes an LC (inductance-capacitance) leg. The apparatus includes a controller that inputs a digital signal to the FETs to control the production of an output analog radio frequency (RF) signal. The LC leg is to selectively alter the output analog RF signal and the analog RF signal is used in parallel magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) transmission.
US07671594B2	Magnetic resonance imaging interference immune device A medical apparatus includes a medical assist device to process signals to relating biological functions. A first lead is operatively connected to the medical assist device, the first lead having a distal end and a proximal end. A second lead is operatively connected to the medical assist device, the second lead having a distal end and a proximal end. The first electrode is operatively connected to the distal end of the first lead, and a second electrode is operatively connected to the distal end of the second lead. A filter circuit is operatively connected near the distal end of the first lead and the distal end of the second lead. A compensation circuit, operatively connected to the first lead, provides a compensation voltage to enable the filter to effectively block changing magnetic fields induced current in the second lead from passing through the second electrode of the distal end of the second lead.
US07671590B2	Method and apparatus of multi-echo MR data acquisition with non-discrete flip angle train An imaging technique is disclosed to reduce ringing artifacts from amplitude decay in MR multi-echo acquisition. A flip angle train is determined to match scan parameters for an MR scan to acquire MR data from a given tissue. Reducing the effects of amplitude decay in the echo signal reduces ringing artifacts and thereby improves image quality.
US07671589B2	Calibrating pMRI with cartesian continuous sampling Example systems, methods, and apparatus control a pMRI apparatus to produce a pulse sequence having an extended acquisition window, and overlapping phase-encoding gradients and read gradients. One example method controls a pMRI apparatus to produce a trajectory having Cartesian and radial segments that sample in a manner that satisfies the Nyquist criterion in at least one region of a volume to be imaged. The pMRI apparatus is controlled to apply radio frequency energy to the volume according to the pulse sequence and following the trajectory and to acquire MR signal from the volume in response to the application of the RF energy. The MR signal includes a first component associated with the Cartesian segment of the trajectory and a second component associated with the radial segment of the trajectory. The example method includes calibrating a reconstruction process using Nyquist-satisfying data from the second component.
US07671586B2	Apparatus and method for non-symmetric magnetic field balancing in an inspection scanner An inspection system positions a balancing shim to asymmetrically balance a magnetic field generated by an inductive sensor, which forms part of the inspection system. Additionally, relays and capacitors used to tune the inductive sensor to a desired resonance frequency are geometrically arranged to minimize electrical interference generated by operation of the relays and capacitors. A shielding device, which may be formed on a printed circuit board, protects a magnetic field generated by the inductive sensor from external electromagnetic interference. A slot positioned in the inductive sensor may be used to tune a resonant mode of the inductive sensor to accurately and particularly detect metallic shanks and/or other metallic objects in shoes, socks, and/or clothing.
US07671584B2	Rotation angle detection device The present invention attains downsizing of a permanent magnet with a simple structure to reduce a manufacturing cost thereof. Provided is a rotation angle detection device, including: a cylindrical magnetic circuit mounted to a shaft; and non-contact sensors provided in an inner void of the magnetic circuit, in which the magnetic circuit is composed of a first yoke and a second yoke formed of a magnetic material and having a pair of flat portions parallel and opposed to each other, and a pair of permanent magnets whose magnetic poles are aligned in the same direction so that magnetic fields whose magnetic fluxes are parallel to each other are generated in the void between the flat portions, and the non-contact sensor detects a rotation angle of the shaft by detecting a change in the direction of the magnetic fluxes.
US07671581B2	Magnetic pulse generator for measuring wheel revolutions on bicycles A magnetic pulse generator for measuring wheel revolutions of bicycles includes a magnet and an attachment device for attaching the magnet to a component (or spoke) of a wheel. Damage to the component to which attachment is to take place is to be prevented, and the installation expenditure during attachment is to be reduced. Furthermore, the magnetic pulse generator known from practical application is to be improved in that it is applicable to components of various geometric shapes, in particular to round components of various diameters and to flat components spokes of various widths. This object is met with an attachment device that includes a housing that encompasses the component, and that is formed as a longitudinally slit tubular piece. Ends of the housing forming the longitudinal slit can be connected to each other in a positive-locking and/or non-positive manner, and a spacing (A) therebetween is variable.
US07671577B2	Method for locating objects enclosed in a medium, and measuring device for carrying out the method A method for locating objects enclosed in a medium, comprising the steps of generating a measurement signal correlated with an enclosed object; using the generated measurement signal to produce a signal which represents a difference between at least a first state which is “object detected” and at least a second state which is “no object detected”; switching from the first state “object detected” to the second state “no object detected” if a magnitude of the measurement signal being measured currently falls below a previously measured local maximum value of the measurement signal by a predefined first percentage.
US07671576B2	Ratiometric AC wire tracer An implementation of an apparatus and method for sensing electrical wiring, for example, hidden behind a surface such as a wall is provided. The apparatus and method use multiple sensor signals, which may measure electric fields or changes in a dielectric. Pairs of signals are combined and compared to a sensed reference signal. Multiple sensors help in determining a direction or gradient to electrical wiring. Combining or averaging sensed signal before comparing the combined signal to a reference single helps to make the detection of electrical wiring less dependent on the relative orientation between the sensor and the electrical wiring.
US07671574B1	Ground voltage drop reduction circuit for a buck DC-DC converter A buck DC to DC converter is arranged to more accurately regulate an output voltage by substantially eliminating a ground voltage error caused at least in part by parasitic resistance during low side conversion/regulation. During high side conduction of the high side switch, the converter employs the output voltage for error correction. And during low side conduction of the low side switch, the converter employs a sampled and held version of the output voltage for error correction which enables the converter to eliminate the ground voltage error caused by parasitic resistance.
US07671572B2	Voltage boost circuit and voltage boosting method using voltage boost clock signal with varying frequency A voltage boost circuit and a method of boosting voltage using a voltage boost clock signal with varying frequency, in which the voltage boost circuit includes a boost voltage generator that responds to a voltage boost clock signal in order to boost an input voltage and outputs the boosted input voltage as an output boost voltage; and a boost voltage frequency control unit that responds to the result obtained by comparing a level of the output boost voltage and a level of a target boost voltage so as to change the boost voltage frequency of the voltage boost clock signal and outputs the voltage boost clock signal having the changed boost voltage frequency. The voltage boost circuit and the voltage boosting method can prevent a waste of the operating current during the boosting of the voltage.
US07671570B2	Systems and methods involving operating variable speed generators A method for operating an asynchronous generator comprising receiving an indication that a power grid frequency is reduced. Responsive to the receiving the indication, reducing a speed of the asynchronous generator from a first speed to a second speed for a first time period, wherein the reduction of the speed of the asynchronous generator results in a momentary increase in a total power output of the asynchronous generator. Increasing the speed of the asynchronous generator from the second speed to a third speed responsive to the end of the first time period.
US07671569B2	Arrangement and method for monitoring and controlling a plurality of series-connected capacitors A method for monitoring and controlling a plurality of series-connected capacitance, wherein at least during the discharge of the capacitances, there is determined a voltage of every capacitance, and in the instance of a drop-off of a voltage of one of the capacitances below a first threshold voltage of this capacitance, the capacitance is bridged over to at least the end of the discharge. Also provided are devices for determining every voltage of every capacitance, devices for symmetrizing voltages among the capacitances, and devices for the deactivation of at least one of the capacitances.
US07671566B2	Method for predicting remaining capacity of a battery A method for predicting remaining capacity of a battery includes: (a) determining an initial battery capacity; (b) measuring a second voltage; (c) calculating a maximum possible battery voltage and a minimum possible battery voltage according to the second voltage, a maximum possible battery current and a minimum possible battery current, and an internal resistance; (d) calculating a maximum possible battery remaining capacity and a minimum possible battery remaining capacity according to the maximum possible battery voltage, the minimum possible battery voltage, and the voltage-remaining capacity table; (e) comparing the maximum possible battery current with the minimum possible battery current; and (f) calculating a remaining capacity of the battery according to a comparison result in step (e), the maximum possible battery remaining capacity, and the minimum possible battery remaining capacity.
US07671562B2	Safely removable battery pack A battery pack for an electric appliance has a base body, a locking unit for locking the base body to the electric appliance, an actuating element for unlocking the base body, which element is intended to be actuated by a user in an actuating direction, and a removal direction in which it is possible to remove the base body after it has been unlocked from the electric appliance. The actuating direction has at least one component oriented counter to the removal direction.
US07671561B2	Host machines for battery charging system Various embodiments of the present invention are directed at a method and system for recharging batteries for wireless electronic devices. According to one embodiment, a host machine for recharging rechargeable batteries for wireless devices is disclosed. The host machine includes a plurality of wireless devices coupled to and powered by a first plurality of rechargeable batteries and a plurality of charging slots configured to couple with a second plurality of rechargeable batteries. The host machine is adapted to provide power to charge the second plurality of rechargeable batteries and to hold in standby a third plurality of rechargeable batteries comprising the second plurality of rechargeable batteries that have been fully charged. According to an embodiment, the host machine is further adapted to join a network of host machines and to share the batteries in standby with each other.
US07671556B2	Image sensing apparatus An image sensing apparatus, which has a constant-voltage driven stepping motor, comprises a PWM waveform generation part that generates pulse signals to be applied to switching devices; and a PWM waveform determination section that determines a PWM waveform to be generated by the PWM waveform generation section. The PWM waveform determination section determines, in accordance with the determined rotation speed value and output torque value of the stepping motor, a duty ratio range that is a range extending from the minimum to the maximum of the duty ratio of the pulse signals. It is designed that the higher the rotational speed value is, the wider the duty ratio width is.
US07671554B2	Motor driving system The present invention relates to a motor driving system. The motor driving system includes a motor, a transmission member, a follower member, a position-detecting light emitter, a position-detecting light receiver, and a positioning-status sensing element. The positioning-status sensing element includes a plurality of notches or openings. The positioning-status sensing element is moved between the position-detecting light emitter and the position-detecting light receiver such that a light beam emitted from the position-detecting light emitter is successively penetrated through the notches or openings to be received by the position-detecting light receiver. According to the light-receiving status of the position-detecting light receiver, the speed of the motor is reduced.
US07671553B2	Servo controller In a servo controller according to the invention, a position feedback correction unit (3) calculates a first-axis position feedback signal (pmfb1) based on a first-axis position (pm1) as a self-axis position, and a second-axis position (pm2) as an other-axis position; and a deviation between a model position (pa1) and the first-axis position feedback signal (pmfb1) is inputted from a subtracter (5) to a position control unit (4), which performs positional control to output a velocity command. A velocity feedback correction unit (6) calculates a first-axis velocity feedback signal (wmfb1) from a first-axis velocity (wm1) as the self-axis velocity, and a second-axis velocity (wm2) as the other-axis velocity; and the velocity control unit (8) adds a model velocity (wa1) and the velocity command outputted from the position control unit (5), and subtracts the first-axis velocity feedback signal (wmfb1) therefrom, and outputs a feedback torque command (Tfb1) based on the corrected velocity command.
US07671549B2	Method and apparatus for quiet fan speed control An AC motor speed controller includes a plurality of capacitors that may be selectively switched, by means of controllably conductive switches, into series electrical connection with an AC motor and an AC voltage source to control the speed of the motor. To change the speed of the motor, a control circuit renders a first switch conductive, in response to a first detected AC voltage zero crossing, to charge a first capacitor to a predetermined voltage. The control circuit then renders a second switch conductive, in response to a subsequent second detected AC voltage zero crossing, to charge a second capacitor to the predetermined voltage. The control circuit then renders both switches simultaneously conductive at a predetermined time after a subsequent third detected AC voltage zero crossing. The capacitors will thereby be charged to the same voltage prior to being switched into series with the motor, thereby resulting in reduced acoustic noise when changing motor speeds.
US07671546B2	Voltage division resistor for acceleration tubes, acceleration tube, and accelerator To provide a voltage division resistor for acceleration tube, an acceleration tube, and an accelerator capable of reducing the cost of the acceleration tube and enhancing the operation efficiency. An acceleration tube (1) for accelerating ions (charged particles) I by applying an acceleration voltage V comprises a tubular acceleration tube body (2) made of synthetic resin, a plurality of ring-like acceleration electrodes (3) arranged in a row on the inner circumferential surface (2a) of the acceleration tube body (2) at predetermined intervals in the axial direction of the acceleration tube body (2), a plurality of voltage division resistors (voltage division resistors for the acceleration tube) (5) wound spirally on the outer circumferential surface (2b) of the acceleration tube body (2), and a plurality of terminal bolts (terminal member) (4) provided in close contact with the acceleration tube body (2) while penetrating the acceleration tube body (2) radially and having a forward end (front end) (4a) connected electrically with the acceleration electrodes (3) and a head (rear end) (4b) connected electrically with each connector (connection point) (16) of the voltage division resistor (5).
US07671544B2	System and architecture for controlling lighting through a low-voltage bus A system and architecture for managing lighting through a seamless low-voltage bus network is disclosed. The system comprises a plurality of control units that serve as nodes for integrating devices, such as light fixtures, control switches and sensors into the bus. Each of the control units preferably includes a printed circuit board and node interconnects for assembling the low-voltage bus and for integrating the devices. Alternatively, the system comprises a central hub with a master printed circuit control board and a plurality of interconnects for assembling the bus and for integrating the devices.
US07671542B2	Color control of multi-zone LED backlight The present invention relates to a light emitting diode (LED) backlight having a plurality of LED strips, in which driving current supplied to each of the plurality of LED strips is adjusted according to measured differences in chromaticity coordinates between the actual light chromaticity and brightness output by each LED strip and a desired light chromaticity and brightness of each LED so that the LED backlight generates light of a desired color with a uniform brightness, and methods of operating the same.
US07671539B1	Systems and methods for generating optical energy using a light-emitting diode Systems for providing optical energy comprise an LED, a detector of optical energy, such as a photodiode, that measures the intensity of optical energy emitted by the light-emitting diode, and a controller. The controller adjusts the intensity of the optical energy emitted by the LED based on the intensity measurement provide by the photodiode, to maintain the intensity of the emitted optical energy at a desired level.
US07671537B2	Metal halide lamp A metal halide lamp includes a discharge vessel surrounded by an outer envelope with clearance and has a ceramic wall which encloses a discharge space filled with a filling comprising an inert gas, such as xenon (Xe), and an ionizable salt. In the discharge space, two electrodes are arranged whose tips have a mutual interspacing so as to define a discharge path between them. The ionizable salt comprises NaI, TlI, CaI2 and X-iodide wherein X is selected from the group comprising rare earth metals.
US07671531B2	Organic electroluminescent device with enhanced light emission An organic electroluminescent device is provided which includes a colored polarizer to reduce power consumption requirements for desired levels of brightness. The organic electroluminescent device includes a substrate, an anode electrode layer, an organic layer, a cathode electrode layer, and a colored polarizer provided on a surface of the substrate opposite a surface of the substrate on which the anode electrode layer is formed such that the colored polarizer polarizes light incident from the outside. The colored polarizer increases transmission of a given color of light based on the color(s) included in the polarizer to thereby decrease total current required by the organic electroluminescent device.
US07671530B2	Organic electroluminescence display device and method of fabricating the same Provided are an organic electroluminescence display device and method of fabricating the same. An organic electroluminescence display device according to the present invention includes a first substrate; a plurality of data lines arranged in a first direction on the first substrate; a plurality of gate lines arranged in a second direction on the first substrate; a plurality of pixel regions defined by the gate lines and the data lines, wherein a first pixel line is defined as a line of the pixel regions arranged in the first direction and a second pixel line is defined as a line of the pixel regions arranged in the second direction; a thin film transistor in each pixel region; a plurality of first connecting lines electrically connecting the thin film transistors of the first pixel lines with each other; and a second connecting line electrically connecting the thin film transistor of at least one of the second pixel lines.
US07671526B2	Light emission device and display device including the light emission device A light emission device and display device including the light emission device are provided. The light emission device includes a first electrode located on the first substrate and extending in a first direction. A second electrode is arranged above the first electrode and extends in a second direction crossing the first direction. An insulation layer is interposed between the first and second electrodes. A plurality of electron emission regions are electrically connected to the first or second electrodes. A light emission unit is located on the second substrate. Furthermore, one or more cut-away portions are formed in the second electrode at a crossed region between the first and second electrodes such that an overlapping area between the first and second electrodes is reduced.
US07671524B2	Flat light source having phosphor patterns in an edge region A flat light source having a main region and an edge region around the main region is provided. The flat light source includes a first substrate, first electrodes, dielectric patterns, a phosphor layer, first phosphor patterns, a second substrate, and a sealant. The first electrodes are disposed on the first substrate and arranged within the main region and the edge region. The dielectric patterns cover the first electrodes. The phosphor layer is disposed between the dielectric patterns in the main region and the edge region. The first phosphor patterns are disposed on the phosphor layer within the edge region. The second substrate is disposed above the first substrate, and the sealant is formed out of the edge region between the first and second substrates so as to bond the two substrates.
US07671521B2	Spark plug with multi-layer firing tip A spark plug having a multilayer firing tip that minimizes the amount of precious metal used and a method of assembling a spark plug with a multilayer firing tip. The firing tip includes a discharge end and a weld end, with the weld end being connected to a center electrode, and more specifically to a base electrode on the center electrode. The weld end has a coefficient of thermal expansion, which is not between the values for the coefficients of thermal expansion for the discharge end and the base electrode. More specifically, the weld end has a coefficient of thermal expansion which is greater than the coefficients of thermal expansion for the discharge end and base electrode. The weld end is formed from Nickel and Chromium with a limited amount of additional elements. The spark plug is assembled by providing a first elongated material formed from the material used for the discharge end and a second elongated material formed from a material used for the weld end. The two materials are then joined to form a single joined material and are severed to create a firing tip. The firing tip is welded to the center electrode of the spark plug and more specifically, the base electrode.
US07671518B2	Piezoelectric vibrator, method for adjusting piezoelectric vibrator, piezoelectric actuator, timepiece, and electronic device Piezoelectric vibrators provided with an electrode that includes a drive electrode and adjustment electrodes formed in advance on part of the electrode; the drive electrode and adjustment electrodes that are initially electrically connected to each other are electrically cutoff and insulated from each other by cutting conductive parts between the drive electrode and adjustment electrodes, or the mutually insulated drive electrode and adjustment electrodes are electrically connected using solder, a wire, or another electrically conductive member, whereby the characteristic frequencies are adjusted.
US07671517B2	Piezoelectric electroacoustic transducer A piezoelectric electroacoustic transducer includes a substantially rectangular piezoelectric diaphragm, a case having supports to support the four corners of the bottom surface of the piezoelectric diaphragm, terminals fixed to the case, each including an inner connection portion exposed near the supports, a first elastic adhesive disposed between the periphery of the piezoelectric diaphragm and the terminals, a conductive adhesive disposed between electrodes of the piezoelectric diaphragm and the terminals across the top surface of the first elastic adhesive, a second elastic adhesive filling and sealing a gap between the periphery of the piezoelectric diaphragm and an inner portion of the case, and an overamplitude-preventing receiver provided on a bottom wall of the case to limit the amplitude of vibration of the piezoelectric diaphragm to a predetermined range. The overamplitude-preventing receiver is disposed closer to the center of the piezoelectric diaphragm than the supports.
US07671515B2	Microelectromechanical devices and fabrication methods There are many inventions described and illustrated herein. In one aspect, the present invention is directed to a MEMS device, and technique of fabricating or manufacturing a MEMS device, having mechanical structures encapsulated in a chamber prior to final packaging. An embodiment further includes location of a piezoelectric material as part of a semiconductor sensing structure. The semiconductor sensing structure, in conjunction with the piezoelectric material, can be used as a sensing device to provide an output signal associated with a sensed event.
US07671513B2	Piezoelectric motor allowing at least two degrees of freedom, in rotation and linear displacement A motor (1) includes a stator (4) and a rotor (6), the stator including piezoelectric actuators (11,12,21) for maneuvering staples (30A, 30Z) maintaining the stator and its linear displacement (L) along a guide (2), the actuators serving to drive the rotor in rotation (R).
US07671509B2	Rotor and stator assemblies for permanent magnet electric generator A permanent magnet electric generator includes a rotor assembly and a stator assembly. The rotor assembly has axially disposed annular outer and inner rings concentric with an axis of rotation. A plurality of magnets is disposed on the outer ring, each magnet having a north pole and a south pole. The permanent magnets are aligned with the axis of rotation, and adjacent magnets have alternating polarity. The stator assembly includes a plurality of stator blocks aligned to form an annular ring-shaped stator member retained by a stator frame. The stator member is configured to be at least partially disposed inside the rotor assembly and is circumferentially encircled by the rotor assembly.
US07671507B2	Brush bag for a dynamo-electric machine A brush bag, a brush and a current transfer unit for a dynamo-electric machine comprising a commutator, in particular for an electromotor. The current transfer unit comprises at least the brush, which is embodied, in particular, as a multi-layer carbon brush, and a brush bag. The brush bag is configured in such a manner that the distance between the brush and the brush bag in a front guiding area is smaller than the distance in a rear guiding area. Beating of the brush on the brush bag is visibly reduced due to the configuration thereof and noise caused by the beat is avoided.
US07671504B2	Electric motor with multilayered rhombic single coils made of wire An electric motor is disclosed with an air-cored winding which is composed of a plurality of single coils made of wire, wherein the single coils overlap each other in an imbricated manner and the single coils are preformed to form an offset at least in the region of two opposite corners, so that half of the legs are located in a first plane and half of the legs are located in a second plane. A more inexpensive and more robust assembly of air-cored windings for electric motors can thereby be achieved.
US07671503B2	Rotating electric machine and electrically driven vehicle A rotating electric machine whose output characteristics can be easily and freely adjusted and varied even in operation. The rotating electric machine is received in a housing of an electrically driven two-wheeled vehicle. A rotating shaft is connected to a rotor so as to form an axle. A stator is positioned opposite a rotor. A movable member is connected to a rotating member rotated about the rotating shaft by a regulating motor. The movable member is moved in the axial direction of the rotating shaft by the rotation of the rotating member. This movement causes the rotor to be rotatingly moved in the axial direction of the rotating shaft, changing relative position of the rotor and the stator.
US07671502B2	Driving apparatus A rotating electric machine comprises a stator having stator salient poles, three-phases windings would around said stator salient poles, a rotor rotatable held inside the said stator, and permanent magnets inserted into said rotor and positioned opposite to said stator salient poles. The three-phase windings are concentratively wound around each of the stator salient poles, with windings of each phase wound around at more than one stator salient pole. The windings of each phase have a phase difference of voltage between at least one of the windings and the other.
US07671499B2	Fan, motor and bearing structure thereof A bearing structure, which is cooperated with a shaft, includes a housing, a bearing, an elastic element and a blocking element. The shaft passes through the bearing. The elastic element presses against the bearing to provide a pre-stress to the bearing. The blocking element is apart from the bearing by a predetermined distance.
US07671492B1	Repelling magnetic field engine A repelling magnetic field engine. An illustrative embodiment of the engine includes a cylinder, a piston reciprocally mounted in the cylinder and emitting a static magnetic field, a magnet assembly provided in the cylinder and emitting a dynamic magnetic field having the same magnetic polarity as the static magnetic field and a crankshaft drivingly engaged by the piston.
US07671488B1	Voltage substitution device and method of use thereof A voltage substitution device and method of use thereof, wherein the voltage substitution device may include at least two voltage meter modules, a variable DC to DC converter, at least two leads, a switch, a variable resistor and at least two power supplies. One power supply provides power to the voltage meter modules, while the other power supply provides power for the variable DC to DC converter. The leads may be attached to alarm sensor wires, and one voltage meter module displays the voltage across the sensor wires. The output voltage of the variable DC to DC converter may be displayed on the second voltage meter module. The variable resistor may be adjusted to vary the output voltage of the DC to DC converter to match the voltage across the sensor wires. Once the voltages are matched, the switch may be closed to place the output voltage of the DC to DC converter onto the leads and in parallel with the sensor wires.
US07671487B2	Uninterruptible power supply and method for controlling same An uninterruptible power supply and method for controlling same are disclosed. The controlling method includes the steps of bypassing the first AC power to the output terminal via the bypass loop and the switch and converting a second AC power having a voltage, phase and frequency substantially equal to that of the first AC power by an inverter when the first AC power is normal; and switching the second AC power to the output terminal via the switch when the phase or frequency of the first AC power is changed so as to generate a difference value between the first AC power and the second AC power and the difference value is larger than a predetermined difference value.
US07671486B2	Switching controller having synchronous input for the synchronization of power converters A switching control circuit having a synchronous input for the synchronization of power converters is provided. It includes a synchronous input circuit for receiving a synchronous input signal. An oscillation circuit is connected to the synchronous input circuit for generating an oscillation signal in response to the synchronous input signal. A signal converter is coupled to receive a feedback signal of the power converter for modulating the oscillation signal in response to the feedback signal for achieving power savings. The oscillation signal is connected for enabling the switching signal of the power converter. The switching signal can be synchronized with the synchronous input signal immediately after the synchronous input signal is inputted. Otherwise, the switching signal will be running free.
US07671484B2	Device for controlling power transfer between two cores of a direct current network A device for controlling power transfer between two cores of a direct current network, in which the cores, which are source-charge interconnection nodes, include protective and contact members, placed in different areas of a power distribution system in which the direct current network is installed. The device includes an electronic power converter including two switching cells mutually interconnected by an inductance, wherein each switching cell includes two switches, and a module for controlling the converter, which ensures both a controllable direct current power transfer and stabilization of the direct current voltage.
US07671480B2	Systems and methods for remote utility metering and meter monitoring A system and method for generating and harvesting energy in response to the flow of water through rotating device, such as a nutating or oscillating disk. Mechanical energy from flow of water is converted into electrical energy via an energy conversion unit. For example, the power generation system may be used to power electronic and mechanical devices used in automated meter reading (AMR) systems. The power generator system may recharge a storage circuit that enables long term AMR operations without the need for battery replacement. The power generation system, in various embodiments, can provide additional power for two-way communication and other sensors such as pressure, temperature, water quality and services such as remote shut-off, event-based messaging, and water quality monitoring.
US07671479B2	Portable power pack, fuel/air supply for the portable power pack, uniflow scavenging micro-engine for the portable power pack and operation method thereof A small portable power pack includes a fuel/air supply for mixing fuel, which is supplied from outside, with outside air, thereby providing mixed gas; a uniflow scavenging micro-engine for receiving mixed gas from the fuel/air supply and igniting mixed gas to explode; a control panel for operating and controlling the uniflow scavenging micro-engine; a capacitor battery for powering the control panel and the uniflow scavenging micro-engine. The portable power pack is easily carried and used without the restriction of spaces and sites.
US07671478B2	Low height vertical sensor packaging A system and method for packaging a magnetic sensor is described. A sensor die is constructed such that connection pads are situated on two opposing sides of the die in two vertical arrays. Bonding wires connect the connection pads on the sensor die to wire bond pads on a substrate. Alternatively, the connection pads are connected to solderable chip pads on the substrate using flip chip bonding. Traces and vias are used to connect the wire bond pads or the solderable chip pads to sensor package pads. The sensor package pads are located on a single side of a sensor package for mounting on a next assembly. The next assembly has a land pattern that includes at least one leveling pad for positioning the sensor die perpendicular to the next assembly while being mounted and a single row of pads for making connections to the sensor package.
US07671468B2	Light emitting apparatus A light emitting apparatus is comprised of a multilayer chip varistor having a varistor element body, a semiconductor light emitting element, and a reflecting portion. The varistor element body includes a varistor layer, and a plurality of internal electrodes opposed to each other so as to interpose the varistor layer between the internal electrodes. The semiconductor light emitting element is disposed on the multilayer chip varistor and is electrically connected to the plurality of internal electrodes so as to be connected in parallel to the multilayer chip varistor. The reflecting portion is disposed between the multilayer chip varistor and the semiconductor light emitting element. The reflecting portion reflects light traveling toward the multilayer chip varistor out of light generated by the semiconductor light emitting element.
US07671465B2	Power semiconductor module A power semiconductor module having an increased reliability against thermal fatigue includes a power semiconductor element, a lower-side electrode connected to the lower side of the element, a first insulating substrate connected to the upper side of the lower-side electrode and having metallic foils bonded on both surfaces thereof, an upper-side electrode connected to the upper side of the power semiconductor element, a second insulating substrate connected to the upper side of the upper-side electrode and having metallic foils bonded on both surfaces thereof, a first heat spreader connected to the lower side of the first insulating substrate, and a second heat spreader connected to the upper side of the second insulating substrate. The power semiconductor element and the first and second insulating substrates are sealed with a resin.
US07671463B2	Integrated circuit package system with ground ring An integrated circuit package system is provided forming a ring above a paddle and an external interconnect, mounting an integrated circuit die on the paddle, connecting the integrated circuit die and the external interconnect, the external interconnect and the ring, and the ring and the integrated circuit die, and encapsulating the integrated circuit die, the ring, and a portion of the external interconnect and the paddle.
US07671456B2	Power management integrated circuit An integrated circuit (IC) package is disclosed. The IC package includes a first die; and a second die bonded to the CPU die in a three dimensional packaging layout.
US07671455B2	Semiconductor device package with integrated heat spreader A multi chip housing has a lead frame to which plural die are soldered. A heat spreader conductive cap encloses a volume containing the plural die or chips and is fixed to the periphery of the lead frame. The die may be silicon or GaN based MOSFETs or integrated circuits or a mixture thereof. The tops of the die are closely spaced from the interior of the cap and the volume is filled with a thermally conductive, electrically insulating plastic encapsulant. One die can be connected to the clip as well as the lead frame and the other may be an IC die insulated from the clip.
US07671450B2	Integrated circuit package for high-speed signals An integrated circuit package having a multi-segment transmission line transformer for impedance matching a packaged integrated circuit, such as a driver or receiver, to a printed circuit board (PCB) transmission line to which the packaged chip is attached by, for example, solder balls. In one exemplary embodiment, a three-segment transmission line transformer provides improved broadband performance with the advantage of having a middle segment with a flexible length for easier routing. The length of each end segment of the three-segment transformer is adjusted to provide at least partial cancellation of reflections between the PCB and the transformer, and between the transformer and a circuit on the integrated circuit, respectively. Further, the inductive reactance of the solder balls and via wiring may be cancelled out by the transformed chip impedance to provide a non-inductive termination to the PCB transmission line at approximately one-half the highest data rate of the channel.
US07671448B2	Semiconductor device including two organic semiconductor layers It is an object of the present invention to form an organic transistor including an organic semiconductor having high crystallinity without loosing an interface between an organic semiconductor of a channel where carriers are spread out and a gate insulating layer and deteriorating a yield. A semiconductor device according to the present invention has a stacked structure of organic semiconductor layers, and at least the upper organic semiconductor layer is in a polycrystalline or a single crystalline state and the lower organic semiconductor layer is made of a material serving as a channel. Carrier mobility can be increased owing to the upper organic semiconductor layer having high crystallinity; thus, insufficient contact due to the upper organic semiconductor layer can be compensated by the lower organic semiconductor layer.
US07671445B2	Versatile system for charge dissipation in the formation of semiconductor device structures The present invention provides a system for dissipating any aberrant charge that may accumulate during the fabrication of a semiconductor device segment (200), obviating overstress or break down damage to a focal device structure (208) that might result from uncontrolled dissipation of the aberrant charge. A substrate (202) has first and second intermediate structures (204, 206) disposed atop the substrate, with the focal structure disposed atop the substrate therebetween. A first conductive structure (210) is disposed atop the second intermediate structure, the focal structure, and a portion of the first intermediate structure. A third intermediate structure (214) is disposed contiguously atop the first conductive structure and the first intermediate layer. A void (216) is formed in a peripheral region (218) of device segment, through the first and third intermediate layers down to the substrate. A second conductive structure (220) is disposed atop the third intermediate structure such that it couples the substrate through the void.
US07671444B2	Empty vias for electromigration during electronic-fuse re-programming The disclosure relates generally to integrated circuit (IC) chip fabrication, and more particularly, to an e-fuse device including an opening, a first via and a second via in an interlayer dielectric, wherein the opening, the first via and the second via are connected to an interconnect below the interlayer dielectric; a dielectric layer that encloses the first via and the second via; and a metal layer over the dielectric layer, wherein the metal layer fills the opening with a metal, and wherein the first via and the second via are substantially empty to allow for electromigration of the interconnect during re-programming of the e-fuse device.
US07671442B2	Air-gap insulated interconnections Air-gap insulated interconnection structures and methods of fabricating the structures, the methods including: forming a dielectric layer on a substrate; forming a capping layer on a top surface of the dielectric layer; forming a trench through the capping layer, the trench extending toward said substrate and into but not through, the dielectric layer; forming a sacrificial layer on opposing sidewalls of the trench; filling the trench with a electrical conductor; and removing a portion of the sacrificial layer from between the electrical conductor and the dielectric layer to form air-gaps.
US07671440B2	Lateral field-effect transistor having an insulated trench gate electrode A field-effect transistor having cells (18) each having a source region (22), source body region (26), drift region (20), drain body region (28) and drain region (24) arranged longitudinally, laterally alternating with structures to achieve a reduced surface field. In embodiments, the structures can include longitudinally spaced insulated gate trenches (35) defining a gate region (31) adjacent the source or drain region (22, 24) and a longitudinally extending potential plate region (33) adjacent the drift region (20). Alternatively, a separate potential plate region (33) or a longitudinally extending semi-insulating field plate (50) may be provided adjacent the drift region (20). The transistor is suitable for bi-directional switching.
US07671436B2	Electronic packages Assemblies involving integrated circuit dies (e.g. packaged integrated circuits) and packaged dies electrically connected to circuit boards at times mechanically fail at conducting pads used for electrical interconnection. Such failure is mitigated by underlying appropriate pads with a compliant region having specific characteristics.
US07671433B2	Spin transistor based on the spin-filter effect, and non-volatile memory using spin transistors A spin transistor comprises a spin injector for injecting, from a first nonmagnetic electrode carriers with a spin parallel to a spin band forming the band edge of a first ferromagnetic barrier layer, to a second nonmagnetic electrode layer, as hot carriers. It also comprises a spin analyzer whereby, due to spin-splitting at the band edge of a second ferromagnetic barrier layer, the spin-polarized hot carriers are transported to a third nonmagnetic electrode when the direction of the spin of the carriers injected into the second nonmagnetic electrode is parallel to that of the spin of the spin band at the band edge of the second ferromagnetic barrier layer, whereas the hot carriers are not transported to the third nonmagnetic electrode in the case of antiparallel spin. A memory element is also provided that comprises such a spin transistor.
US07671430B2	MEMS resonator and manufacturing method of the same A method is for manufacturing a microeletromechanical system resonator having a semiconductor device and a microelectromechanical system structure unit formed on a substrate. The method includes: forming a lower electrode of an oxide-nitride-oxide capacitor unit included in the semiconductor device using a first silicon layer; forming, using a second silicon layer, a substructure of the microelectromechanical system structure unit and an upper electrode of the oxide-nitride-oxide capacitor unit included in the semiconductor device; and forming, using a third silicon layer, a superstructure of the microelectromechanical system structure unit and a gate electrode of a complementary metal oxide semiconductor circuit unit included in the semiconductor device.
US07671423B2	Resistor ballasted transistors A semiconductor chip comprises low voltage complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) sectors and high voltage lateral double diffused metal oxide semiconductor (LDMOS) sectors and at least one transistor within at least one of the low voltage CMOS sectors. The transistor has a semiconducting channel region within a substrate. A gate conductor is above the top layer of substrate, and the gate conductor is positioned above the channel region. A source/drain region is included in the substrate on a first side of the gate conductor and a lateral source/drain region is included in the substrate on a second side of the gate conductor opposite the first side. The lateral source/drain region is positioned a greater distance from the gate conductor than the source/drain region is positioned from the gate conductor. The embodiments herein also include a source/drain ballast resistor in the substrate between the lateral source/drain region and the gate conductor.
US07671422B2	Pseudo 6T SRAM cell A pseudo 6T SRAM cell design comprising eight transistors is provided. An embodiment comprises a pair of cross-coupled inverters and a pair of pass-gate transistors electrically coupled to each inverter through the substrate. Each pass-gate transistor has a different beta ratio from the other transistor in its pair, and the smaller beta ratio in the pair acts as a “read” port while the larger beta ratio in the pair acts as a “write” port. Two pairs of bit lines are connected to the pass-gate transistors. A variety of word lines are connected to the pass-gate transistors. In one embodiment, a single word line is connected to all of the pass-gate transistors. In another embodiment, a pair of word lines is connected to the pass-gate transistors. In yet another embodiment, a different word line is connected to each pass-gate transistor.
US07671421B2	CMOS structure and method for fabrication thereof using multiple crystallographic orientations and gate materials Methods for fabricating a CMOS structure use a first gate stack located over a first orientation region of a semiconductor substrate. A second gate material layer is located over the first gate stack and a laterally adjacent second orientation region of the semiconductor substrate. A planarizing layer is located upon the second gate material layer. The planarizing layer and the second gate material layer are non-selectively etched to form a second gate stack that approximates the height of the first gate stack. An etch stop layer may also be formed upon the first gate stack. The resulting CMOS structure may comprise different gate dielectrics, metal gates and silicon gates.
US07671419B2	Transistor having coupling-preventing electrode layer, fabricating method thereof, and image sensor having the same A transistor having an electrode layer that can reduce or prevent a coupling effect, a fabricating method thereof, and an image sensor having the same are provided. The transistor includes a semiconductor substrate and a well of a first conductivity type formed on the semiconductor substrate. A heavily-doped first impurity region of a first conductivity type surrounds an active region defined in the well. Heavily-doped second and third impurity regions of a second conductivity type are spaced apart from each other in the active region an define a channel region interposed therebetween. A gate is formed over the channel region to cross the active region. The gate overlaps at least a portion of the first impurity region and receives a first voltage. An electrode layer is formed between the semiconductor substrate and the gate, such that the electrode layer overlaps a portion of the first impurity region contacting the channel region and receives a second voltage. An insulation layer is formed between the semiconductor substrate and the electrode layer, the semiconductor substrate and the gate, and the electrode layer and the gate. The insulation layer surrounds the electrode layer.
US07671416B1	Method and device for electrostatic discharge protection A device for providing electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection is provided. The device includes a semiconductor substrate having a drain, a source, and a gate formed therein. The drain contains a region having a resistance that is higher than the resistance of the remainder of the drain and the source. The gate region is in contact with this higher resistance region and the source. In one embodiment, the higher resistance is lacking silicide in order to provide the higher resistance. A method of forming a device for providing ESD protection is included.
US07671415B2	Electro-static discharge protection circuit and semiconductor device having the same An electro-static discharge protection circuit and a semiconductor device having the same is disclosed. The electro-static discharge protection circuit has a current control circuit. The current control circuit has a first capacitive element. When the external source voltage is applied to the external source voltage supply line, the booster circuit in the internal circuitry boosts the internal source voltage of the internal source voltage supply line. The external source voltage becomes transiently greater than the internal source voltage at the early stage of the boosting step when the booster circuit boosts the internal source voltage based on the external source voltage. The first capacitive element restricts a current from flowing from the second terminal of the thyristor rectifier circuit to the internal source voltage, even when the external source voltage becomes transiently greater than the internal source voltage at the early stage of the boosting step when the booster circuit boosts the internal source voltage based on the external source voltage. This prevents the thyristor rectifier circuit from malfunctioning and turning on.
US07671413B2	SOI device with reduced junction capacitance An SOI FET comprising a silicon substrate having silicon layer on top of a buried oxide layer having doped regions and an undoped region is disclosed. The doped region has a dielectric constant different from the dielectric constant of the doped regions. A body also in the silicon layer separates the source/drains in the silicon layer. The source/drains are aligned over the doped regions and the body is aligned over the undoped region. A gate dielectric is on top of the body and a gate conductor is on top of the gate dielectric.
US07671409B2	Wide gap semiconductor power device with temperature independent resistivity due to channel region resistivity having negative temperature dependence A field-effect transistor power device includes a source electrode, a drain electrode, a wide gap semiconductor including a channel region and a drift region, the channel region and the drift region forming a series current path between the source electrode and the drain electrode, a gate insulating film that covers the channel region, and a gate electrode formed on the gate insulating film. In the series current path which is electrically conducting when the field-effect transistor power device is in an ON state, any region other than the channel region has an ON resistance exhibiting a positive temperature dependence, and the channel region has an ON resistance exhibiting a negative temperature dependence. A ratio ΔRon/Ron(−30° C.) is 50% or less.
US07671408B2	Vertical drain extended MOSFET transistor with vertical trench field plate A vertical drain extended metal-oxide semiconductor field effect (MOSFET) transistor or a vertical double diffused metal-oxide semiconductor (VDMOS) transistor includes: a buried layer having a first conductivity type in a semiconductor backgate having a second conductivity type; an epitaxial (EPI) layer having the first conductivity type and formed above the buried layer; a deep well having the first conductivity type in the EPI layer extending down to the buried layer; at least one shallow well having the second conductivity type in the EPI layer; a shallow implant region having the first conductivity type and formed in the shallow well; a gate electrode having a lateral component extending over an edge of the shallow well and stopping at some spacing from an edge of the shallow implant and having a vertical trench field plate extending vertically into the EPI layer.
US07671406B2	Semiconductor device and method of fabricating the same A method of fabricating a semiconductor device having a non-volatile memory cell includes forming an insulation layer as an uppermost/outermost portion of the memory cell to enhance the charge retention capability of the memory cell. The insulation layer is formed after the gate structure and integrate dielectric of the non-volatile memory cell, and a gate of a logic transistor are formed. The insulation layer thus enhances the function of the intergate dielectric. Subsequently, a conductive layer is formed on the substrate including over the gate of the logic transistor. A silicide layer is then formed on the gate of the logic transistor and on the substrate adjacent opposite sides of the gate. The insulation layer thus also serves prevent the formation of a silicide layer on the non-volatile memory cell.
US07671403B2	P-channel NAND in isolated N-well A device includes a substrate and multiple wells formed over the substrate and isolated from one another by dielectric trenches. The device further includes multiple memory elements formed over the wells, each of the memory elements extending approximately perpendicular to the wells and including a material doped with n-type impurities. The device also includes multiple source/drain regions, each source/drain region formed within one of multiple trenches and inside one of the plurality of wells between a pair of the memory elements, each of the source/drain regions implanted with p-type impurities. The device further includes a first substrate contact formed in a first one of the multiple trenches through a first one of the wells into the substrate and a second substrate contact formed in a second one of the multiple trenches through a second one of the wells into the substrate.
US07671402B2	Solid-state imaging devices A solid-state imaging device includes: a substrate; a photoelectric transducer that is provided within the substrate and generates light-generated charge in accordance with incident light; a floating diffusion that retains the light-generated charge generated from the photoelectric transducer; a transfer and retention unit that is provided between the photoelectric transducer and the floating diffusion for a purpose of controlling a transfer of the light-generated charge and has a charge-retaining region that can retain the light-generated charge generated from the photoelectric transducer; a reset unit that initializes a potential of the floating diffusion; an amplifying transistor that generates an output based on a potential of the floating diffusion; a selection transistor that selectively outputs an output of the amplifying transistor; and an excessive charge-discharging unit that discharges excessive electric charge generated from the photoelectric transducer.
US07671396B2	Three-dimensional control-gate architecture for single poly EPROM memory devices fabricated in planar CMOS technology A capacitor for a single-poly floating gate device is fabricated on a semiconductor substrate along with low and high voltage transistors. Each transistor has a gate width greater than or equal to a minimum gate width of the associated process. A dielectric layer is formed over the substrate, and a patterned polysilicon structure is formed over the dielectric layer. The patterned polysilicon structure includes one or more narrow polysilicon lines, each having a width less than the minimum gate width. The LDD implants for low and high voltage transistors of the same conductivity type are allowed to enter the substrate, using the patterned polysilicon structure as a mask. A thermal drive-in cycle results in a continuous diffusion region that merges under the narrow polysilicon lines. Contacts formed adjacent to the narrow polysilicon lines and a metal-1 trace connected to the contacts may increase the resulting capacitance.
US07671395B2	Phase change memory cells having a cell diode and a bottom electrode self-aligned with each other Integrated circuit devices are provide having a vertical diode therein. The devices include an integrated circuit substrate and an insulating layer on the integrated circuit substrate. A contact hole penetrates the insulating layer. A vertical diode is in lower region of the contact hole and a bottom electrode in the contact hole has a bottom surface on a top surface of the vertical diode. The bottom electrode is self-aligned with the vertical diode. A top surface area of the bottom electrode is less than a horizontal section area of the contact hole. Methods of forming the integrated circuit devices and phase change memory cells are also provided.
US07671387B2	Lateral junction field effect transistor and method of manufacturing the same A lateral junction field effect transistor includes a first gate electrode layer arranged in a third semiconductor layer between source/drain region layers, having a lower surface extending on the second semiconductor layer, and doped with p-type impurities more heavily than the second semiconductor layer, and a second gate electrode layer arranged in a fifth semiconductor layer between the source/drain region layers, having a lower surface extending on a fourth semiconductor layer, having substantially the same concentration of p-type impurities as the first gate electrode layer, and having the same potential as the first gate electrode layer. Thereby, the lateral junction field effect transistor has a structure, which can reduce an on-resistance while maintaining good breakdown voltage properties.
US07671378B2	Photonic devices formed on substrates and their fabrication methods The present invention directed to photonic devices which emit or absorb light with a short wavelength formed using molybdenum oxide grown on substrates which consist of materials selected from element semiconductors, III-V or II-IV compound semiconductors, IV compound semiconductors, organic semiconductors, metal crystal and their derivatives or glasses.New inexpensive photonic devices which emit light with a wavelength from blue to deep ultraviolet rays are realized.
US07671375B2	Nitride-based semiconductor device of reduced voltage drop, and method of fabrication A light-emitting diode is built on a silicon substrate which has been doped with a p-type impurity to possess sufficient conductivity to provide part of the current path through the LED. The p-type silicon substrate has epitaxially grown thereon a buffer region of n-type AlInGaN. Further grown epitaxially on the buffer region is the main semiconductor region of the LED which comprises a lower confining layer of n-type GaN, an active layer for generating light, and an upper confining layer of p-type GaN. In the course of the growth of the buffer region and main semiconductor region there occurs a thermal diffusion of gallium and other Group III elements from the buffer region into the p-type silicon substrate, with the consequent creation of a p-type low-resistance region in the substrate. Interface levels are created across the heterojunction between p-type silicon substrate and n-type buffer region. The interface levels expedite carrier transport from substrate to buffer region, contributing to reduction of the drive voltage requirement of the LED.
US07671371B2	Semiconductor layer structure and method of making the same A semiconductor layer structure includes a donor substrate and a detach region carried by the donor substrate. A device structure is carried by the donor substrate and positioned proximate to the detach region. The device structure includes a stack of crystalline semiconductor layers. The stack of crystalline semiconductor layers includes a pn junction.
US07671362B2	Test structure for determining optimal seed and liner layer thicknesses for dual damascene processing A test structure for integrated circuit (IC) device fabrication includes a plurality of test structure chains formed at various regions of an IC wafer, each of the plurality of test structure chains including one or more vias; each of the one or more vias in contact with a conductive line disposed thereabove, the conductive line being configured such that at least one dimension thereof varies from chain to chain so as to produce variations in seed layer and liner layer thickness from chain to chain for the same deposition process conditions.
US07671360B2	Semiconductor device and method of producing the same A phase change memory includes a sidewall insulation film and a heater electrode which are formed in a contact hole formed in an interlayer insulation film on a lower electrode. The heater electrode has a recessed structure. In a recessed area surrounded by the sidewall insulation film, the heater electrode and a phase change film are contacted with each other. A phase change region is formed only in an area contacted with the sidewall insulation film. The sidewall insulation film is an anti-oxidizing insulation film. The phase change region and the heater electrode which are heated to a high temperature upon rewriting are not contacted with the interlayer insulation film as an oxidizing insulation film.
US07671357B2	Method of fabricating semiconductor device A method of fabricating a semiconductor device having high output power and excellent long-term reliability by preventing thermal adverse influence exerted at the time of window structure formation is provided. The method comprises a 1st step of forming predetermined semiconductor layers 2 to 9 containing at least an active layer 4b consisting of a quantum well active layer on a semiconductor substrate 1; a 2nd step of forming a first dielectric film 10 on a first portion of the surface of the semiconductor layers 2 to 9; a 3rd step of forming a second dielectric film 12 made of the same material as that of the first dielectric film 10 and having a density lower than that of the first dielectric film 10 on a second portion of the surface of the semiconductor layers 2 to 9; and a 4th step of heat-treating a multilayer body containing the semiconductor layers 2 to 9, the first dielectric film 10, and the second dielectric film 12 to disorder the quantum well layer below the second dielectric film 12.
US07671345B2	Method of analysing a sample and apparatus therefor A method for performing photo-modification of a biological sample, the method comprising: (a) irradiating the sample; (b) detecting one or more signals based on the irradiated sample; (c) using one or more processor means to analyze the detected signals and determine one or more irradiation parameters, and, (d) returning to (a) conditioned on the irradiation parameters. Thus modifications may be determined and executed interactively as an experiment progresses, and therefore directed towards specific structures and/or events identified as of particular interest in the course of the experiment.
US07671344B2	Low pressure electrospray ionization system and process for effective transmission of ions A system and method are disclosed that provide up to complete transmission of ions between coupled stages with low effective ion losses. A novel “interfaceless” electrospray ionization system is further described that operates the electrospray at a reduced pressure such that standard electrospray sample solutions can be directly sprayed into an electrodynamic ion funnel which provides ion focusing and transmission of ions into a mass analyzer.
US07671337B1	System and method for pointing a laser beam Apparatus and method for directing a laser beam at an object. Some embodiments include generating direction-control information, based on the direction-control information, directing laser energy into a first fiber at a first end of a first fiber bundle during a first time period, forming an output beam of the laser energy from the second end of the first fiber bundle, and steering the output beam of the laser energy from the first fiber in a first selected direction of a plurality of directions during the first time period, and optionally modulating an intensity of the laser energy according to a predetermined pattern. The direction-control information is based on sensing electromagnetic radiation from a scene. Some embodiments use a remote camera wire-connected to the image processor to obtain scene information, while other embodiments use a second fiber bundle to convey image information from an external remote lens to a local camera.
US07671336B2	Method for soil content prediction based on a limited number of mid-infrared absorbances A single absorbance value was found in the mid infrared (mid-IR) region that correlated directly to soil nitrate content while not being influenced by other components in the soil, such as carbonate and organic matter. Using one or two absorbance values, at which interference from other ions is a minimum, to predict a component's concentration as opposed to the conventional method of using a continuous spectrum allows for an in-situ real-time soil nitrate content sensor.
US07671335B2	Infrared detector and process for fabricating the same An infrared detector includes a circuit block carrying an infrared sensor element and electronic components. The circuit block is composed of a dielectric resin layer and a first substrate formed with a circuit pattern and mounting the electronic components. The dielectric resin layer is formed in its top with a recess which defines around its periphery with a shoulder for supporting opposite ends of the infrared sensor. The first substrate is integrated to the lower end of the dielectric resin layer with at least one of the electronic components being molded into the dielectric resin layer to make the circuit block of a unified mold structure. Thus, a part or all of the electronic components are molded into the dielectric layer to realize the circuit block of a simple and low profile structure, while retaining an advantage of keeping the infrared sensor element sufficiently away from the electronic components and an associated electronic circuit, thereby assuring to give the infrared detector which is simple in construction, economical in cost, and reliable in the infrared detection.
US07671332B2	Autofocus method for scanning charged-particle beam instrument An autofocus method for bringing an electron beam into focus on a specimen. Characteristics of the brightness at plural kinds of focus values are found for sets of data. The characteristics are accumulated creating a focus function. The focus function is approximated by a quadratic curve. The focus value at the peak point is found from the quadratic curve. Based on the focus value, the focal condition of the beam is set.
US07671330B2	High resolution mass spectrometry method and system for analysis of whole proteins and other large molecules A matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) method and related system for analyzing high molecular weight analytes includes the steps of providing at least one matrix-containing particle inside an ion trap, wherein at least one high molecular weight analyte molecule is provided within the matrix-containing particle, and MALDI on the high molecular weight particle while within the ion trap. A laser power used for ionization is sufficient to completely vaporize the particle and form at least one high molecular weight analyte ion, but is low enough to avoid fragmenting the high molecular weight analyte ion. The high molecular weight analyte ion is extracted out from the ion trap, and is then analyzed using a detector. The detector is preferably a pyrolyzing and ionizing detector.
US07671328B2	Method of producing molecular profiles of isoparaffins by low emitter current field ionization mass spectrometry The present invention is devoted to an analytical method for directly determining carbon number and molecular weight distributions of isoparaffin mixtures. The analytical means uses low in-scan emitter-current field-ionization mass spectroscopy to substantially reduced or eliminated molecular ion fragmentation for isoparaffins, which allows direct measurement of isoparaffin molecular ions for their distributions. The analytical means is capable of directly characterizing isobutane to C50+ isoparaffins, covering naphtha to gas oil ranges.
US07671327B2	Self calibrating irradiation system A self calibrating irradiation system is provided. The system includes sources for providing a calibration beam and a radiation beam, one or more detectors and a processor. A method of calibrating an irradiation system is also provided. The method includes measuring the energy of a calibration beam and periodically updating a transmission value of the laser system based on a calibration factor and the energy of the calibration beam.
US07671320B2	Electronic device comprising a first and second photodiode wherein a reference potential is supplied to the first photodiode The semiconductor device includes a first photodiode, a second photodiode which is shielded from light, a first circuit group including a voltage follower circuit, a second circuit group, and a compensation circuit, in which an output from the first photodiode is inputted to the voltage follower circuit of the first circuit group, an output from the first circuit group is inputted to the compensation circuit, and an output from the second photodiode is inputted to the compensation circuit through the second circuit group. By adding or subtracting these inputs in the compensation circuit, an output fluctuation due to temperature of the first photodiode is removed. Note that a reference potential is supplied to the first photodiode so that an open circuit voltage is outputted, and a potential is supplied to the second photodiode so that a forward bias is applied to the second photodiode.
US07671311B2	Gimbal system with airflow Systems, including apparatus and methods, for driving airflow along a surface of a gimbal. The systems may comprise a gimbal apparatus including a payload and also including a gimbal mount supporting a first gimbal and a second gimbal. The first gimbal may be coupled pivotally to the gimbal mount. The second gimbal may be coupled pivotally to and supported by the first gimbal. The second gimbal may be coupled to and may support the payload. The gimbal apparatus may orient the payload by pivotal movement of the first and second gimbals relative to the gimbal mount about at least two nonparallel axes. The system also may comprise a fan mounted to the first gimbal. The systems also may comprise operating the fan to drive airflow through a gap disposed between the first and second gimbals.
US07671309B2	Microwave combustion system for internal combustion engines A microwave combustion system is presented that can replace the conventional spark plug in an internal combustion engine. One or more microwave pulses are provided to a microwave feed in a plug that sits in the cylinder. A microwave generated plasma generated by the plug in the vicinity of a fuel mixture can provide for highly efficient combustion of the fuel-air mixture.
US07671308B2	Container to facilitate microwave cooking and handling A container for use in microwave heating. The container includes a bottom and a sidewall extending upwardly from the bottom. The sidewall defines an interior and terminates at a staking wall. A flange extends from the stacking wall and includes an edge section and an upper section extending radially outward from the container.
US07671304B2	Multiple zone temperature controller for injection molding system A multiple zone temperature controller for a hot runner injection molding system. The temperature controller includes inputs for signals from two or more thermocouples corresponding to two or more heating zones. The thermocouple inputs are time-division multiplexed and the output is amplified and input to a microcontroller. The microcontroller manages and controls operation of power switching stages for controlling the power supplied to heating elements corresponding to each of the heating zones. The multiplexer is a low impedance switch.
US07671301B2	Cooking appliance cowling apparatus and method A cooking appliance heating element shield apparatus and method are provided. The apparatus is adapted for use in an electric self-cleaning cooking appliance of the type having an oven cavity heated by a coil heating element of a heating element assembly. The apparatus includes an elongate main portion comprising a substantially planar surface and adapted for positioning between the oven cavity and a portion of the heating element to dissipate direct heat transmitted to the oven cavity from the heating element. The apparatus also includes at least one connection portion adapted for removably attaching the elongate main portion to the heating element assembly.
US07671298B2	Heating line pattern structure of defogger formed on rear window glass panel of motor vehicle and rear glass panel A heating line pattern structure is provided, in which the effect of the heating lines of a defogger on an antenna for a TV broadcast especially for a digital TV broadcast may be decreased. The defogger is structured by arranging heating lines between bus bars on both sides. The portion of an uppermost heating line in proximity to the monopole antenna are folded rectangularly at a regular interval to form a meander shape. One lateral heating line is extended under the meander-shaped heating line portion, and is connected to a vertical heating line to which four lateral heating lines are connected together.
US07671297B2	Method and apparatus for laser drilling workpieces A method and apparatus for laser drilling a vibrating workpiece. A laser is mounted to a stationary frame. A separate machine having a separate machine frame has a spherical lens mounted to the top of the machine frame in proximity to a workpiece engaged by the machine. The vibrations of the machine caused by operation are transmitted to the lens and workpiece. A laser beam emitted by the laser is transmitted thought the lens and focused on the workpiece. The apparatus and method provides for precisely drilled and located holes or openings in the workpiece.
US07671294B2	Plasma apparatus and system A twin plasma apparatus including an anode plasma head and a cathode plasma head. Each of the plasma heads includes an electrode and a plasma flow channel and a primary gas inlet between at least a portion of the electrode and the plasma flow channel. The anode plasma head and the cathode plasma head are oriented at an angled toward one another. At least one of the plasma flow channels includes three generally cylindrical portions. The three generally cylindrical portions of the plasma flow channels reduce the occurrence of side arcing.
US07671293B2	System and method for dynamic allocation for bin assignment A sorting device and method for dynamically allocating bins to objects such as mail pieces. The device has at least one reading device for reading delivery information of objects and a conveying system which transports the objects. At least one feeder inducts the objects onto the conveying system. A plurality of physical bin locations are adjacent to the conveying system for storage of the object injected from the conveying system. A controller or processor dynamically assigns and reassigns sort locations, as required, to the plurality of physical bin locations during a sorting operation for each object of the objects.
US07671292B2	Compact operating mechanism for medium and high voltage switchgear Operating mechanism for medium and high voltage switchgear, in which a rotatable main shaft is coupled to a switch, and a rocker plate is rotatable with the main shaft, the main shaft being arranged to open and close said switch by tilting the rocker plate. The rocker plate constitutes a plurality of force transmission levers and comprises a plurality of zones distributed around the main shaft. A rotary actuator has force transmitting means for driving the rocker plate in a direction corresponding to closing of the switch, and an opening spring for driving the rocker plate in a direction corresponding to opening of the switch. Closed switch locking means are coupled to the rocker plate (4) and are disposed substantially in a common plane of the rocker plate.
US07671290B2	Illuminated key-pad assembly For a cell-phone or PDA, the rows of key-caps include respective light-strips, which pick up light from respective LEDs surface-mounted on the PCB. The light-strips are sandwiched between the key-caps and the key-switch actuators (whereby the light-strips move with the keys when the keys are depressed). Sockets for receiving the key-caps are co-molded to the light-strips. Sockets are provided in the resilient webs of the keys for receiving under-blocks co-molded to the light-strips.
US07671289B2	Capacitance type light-emitting switch and light-emitting switch element used for such capacitance type light-emitting switch A capacitance type light-emitting switch and a light-emitting switch element are provided that operate properly by preventing failure in entry and for which a small number of parts are used. A light-emitting switch 61 has a light-emitting switch element 51 and a control element 31. A light-emitting switch element 51 has a panel 2 made of transparent materials, a decorated layer 3 arranged on at least one side of the panel, a light guide plate 4 arranged on the back sides of the panel and the decorated layer, a point light source 5 or a line light source arranged on the side of the light guide plate, and a reflective layer 1 that is made of an opaque metal film of less than 1Ω/cm2 of surface resistance measured by the four-point probe array measurement method, mounted on the back side of the light guide plate, and is formed to have an electrode unit 1a and a conductive unit 1b connected to the electrode unit. The control element 31, which is connected to the electrode unit 1a through the conductive unit 1b, switches a circuit/circuits for an external loading device, depending on the change in the capacitance of the electrode unit.
US07671285B2	Dome switch assembly and mobile communication terminal having the same A dome switch assembly that can reduce the SAR value and improve radiation performance of a mobile communication terminal and a mobile communication terminal having the same are provided. The ground layer of the dome switch assembly is connected to a hinge by a hinge contact unit. The hinge contact unit extends through a groove formed in the ground layer towards the inside area of the ground layer and is connected to a bottom surface of the groove. The position and length of the connection of the hinge contact unit to the ground layer may be adjusted so that the SAR value can be reduced and radiation performance can be improved.
US07671284B2	Multidirectional actuator with variable return force The invention proposes a multidirectional actuator (18) comprising: a bottom support (22) with a main vertical axis “A”, a top actuation member (24) that is mounted so as to tilt relative to the bottom support (22) between a central rest position and several actuation positions that are distributed angularly about the vertical axis “A” of the support (22); and means (48, 60) of returning the actuation member (24) to its central rest position which exert on the actuation member (24) a return force, whose vertical component is not zero and is oriented upwards, at at least one bearing point “P” situated radially at a distance from the vertical axis “A” of the support (22), characterized in that the value of the vertical component of the return force varies according to the angular position of the actuation member (24) about the vertical axis “A” of the support (22).
US07671283B2	Apparatus for shielding electromagnetic radiation A gasket and gasket system for diminishing electromagnetic radiation from an enclosure having two edges remote from one another. The gasket has tangs on one edge for gripping one enclosure edge, and tangs on the other edge for gripping the other enclosure edge. The gasket system includes the combination of an enclosure member having two edges remote from one another with a two-sided gasket having tangs on one side engaged in gripping one enclosure edge, and tangs on the other edge engaged in gripping the other enclosure edge.
US07671282B2	Structure of a circuit board for improving the performance of routing traces A structure of a circuit board for improving the performance of routing traces is described as eliminating the resonant effects from the inner layers in a circuit board. For eliminating the stray capacitor effect between the planes in the circuit board, the present invention uses a method for etching an area of a power plane and the area is corresponding to a routing plane. Consequently, the routing trace can make good electric potential reference of a ground plane. Due to the reduction of the stray capacitor, the structure for improving the performance of routing traces of the invention can avoid the resonance effect and parasitic resonance in the circuit board as produced in a high-frequency situation in order to promote the quality of the circuit board.
US07671279B2	Current-seen cable A current-seen cable, includes a main cord as a power cord or a signal cord and a plurality of electroluminescence cords, said a plurality of electroluminescence cords are arrayed abreast and are intertwisted helically in sequence to be a electroluminescence cable which is insulated from the main cord and emit light section by section, in which every electroluminescence cord is controlled by a driver working in synchronization with the main cord to emit light in sequence. Said current-seen cable is driven to emit light by a plurality of output drivers controlled by the program-operated chip. When the main cord is live, the drivers work synchronously, then each electroluminescence cord emits and dies light periodically under the control of program-operated chip of the driver, and as each electroluminescent cord is intertwisted helically and people can only see one side of the cable visually, said whole cable is shown as a kind of lighting phenomenon in which a lighting section (or a lighting dot) of said cable goes after another section (or another dot) next to it. The visual direction for going after light is same as the direction of the current flowing in the main cord, so it can indicate the direction of power input and output.
US07671278B2	Cable having EMI-suppressing arrangement and method for making the same Provided herewith a cable (1, 2) with EMI suppressing arrangement which comprises a conductive wire (10) and an insulative layer (20) enveloping over the wire. A braided metal layer (30) envelops over the insulative layer, and a magnetic layer (40, 501) is arranged thereover. And an insulative jacket (50, 502) envelops over the magnetic layer.
US07671271B2	Thin film solar cell and its fabrication process A method for producing a solar cell including the steps of forming a p-type microcrystalline silicon oxide layer on a glass substrate using a PECVD method and raw gases comprising Silane gas, Diborane gas, Hydrogen gas and Carbon Dioxide gas. The method may employ a frequency of between about 13.56-60 MHz. The PECVD method may be performed at a power density of between about 10-40 mW/cm2 and a pressure of between about 0.5-2 Torr, and with a ratio of Carbon Dioxide to Silane of between about 0.10-0.24; a ratio of Diborane to Silane of 0.10 or less, and a ratio of Silane to Hydrogen of 0.01 or less. A tandem solar cell structure may be formed by forming top and bottom layers by the method described above, and placing the top layer over the bottom layer.
US07671268B2	Internally mounted self-contained amplifier and speaker system for acoustic guitar An apparatus for the amplification and projection of the sound of a musical instrument, such as an acoustic guitar, adapted to mount within the guitar itself. The apparatus may mount within the sound hole of the guitar, with an outward facing speaker within the sound hole adapted to project the sound of the instrument. The apparatus may have an amplifier attached to the speaker in a unitary design. The apparatus may be battery powered.
US07671265B2	System and method for teaching music theory An instructional system for teaching music theory incorporates a human-readable harmony matrix which displays at least one repeat pattern of indicia corresponding to a particular placement of the notes of the twelve note scale. This pattern is arranged so that major or minor chords may be formed by rotations and/or inversions of a basic set of patterns. These patterns depict the interrelationship of the various chords. Transposition of chords from one key to another may be readily accomplished by moving the pattern across the matrix. The matrix pattern may also be used to depict and build chord progressions. The system operates to provide a two-dimensional representation of the relationship between musical tones and may be implemented in a variety of systems for teaching music theory.
US07671263B1	Locking mechanism for percussion musical instrument A high hat cymbal has a magnetic clutch that engages the top cymbal and allows it to be controlled by a standard high hat foot pedal. When the drummer's foot is removed from the high hat foot pedal, the magnetic clutch strikes a mechanical arm which causes the magnetic clutch to disengage without any action required on the part of the drummer. The top cymbal can be re-engaged by the magnetic clutch so that the high hat foot pedal can now be operated again, simply by depressing the high hat foot pedal. A trip bar may be provided to provide for automatic disengagement of the clutch mechanism.
US07671262B1	Adjusting mechanism of an instrument pedal This specification discloses an adjusting mechanism of an instrument pedal that is pivotally disposed on a pivotal axis of a base to sway along the radial direction of the pivotal axis. The adjusting mechanism has a foundation. There is an arc surface around the radial direction of the pivotal axis outside the foundation. A sliding groove is formed along the radial direction of the arc surface. A fixed hole is formed on the pivotal axis corresponding to the sliding groove. One end of the fixing element goes through the sliding groove and connects to the fixing hole. The other end of the fixing element engages with the arc surface on both sides of the sliding groove for fixing the adjusting mechanism.
US07671261B1	Musical instrument carrier and related methods A body-supportable musical-instrument carrier featuring a rigid frame, a belly plate, and first and second mounting members is provided. The frame includes a substantially U-shaped intermediate section and end sections at opposite ends of the intermediate section. The intermediate section substantially conforms to shoulder and upper back regions of a user for resting on the shoulder regions and extending across the upper back region of the user in use. The end sections extend substantially parallel to one another for resting in front of a front torso region of the user in use. The first mounting members are mountable on the belly plate and engageable with the end sections, respectively, for securing the belly plate to the frame. The second mounting members are mountable on the belly plate and engageable with a musical instrument for securing the musical instrument to the carrier.
US07671255B2	Low pungency long day onion The present invention includes long-day onion plants comprising bulbs having low pungency and methods for obtaining such onions. The present invention also provides reagents and materials that can be used in the methods for obtaining such onions.
US07671248B2	Process for producing sec-butyl benzene A process for producing sec-butylbenzene comprises contacting a feed comprising benzene and ethylene under alkylation conditions with catalyst comprising (i) a molecular sieve having an X-ray diffraction pattern including d-spacing maxima at 12.4±0.25, 6.9±0.15, 3.57±0.07 and 3.42±0.07 Angstrom and (ii) at least one metal selected from Group 10 of the Periodic Table of Elements to produce an alkylation effluent comprising sec-butylbenzene.
US07671243B2	Method and device for using reaction heat during the production of 1,2-dichloroethane The invention relates to a method for using reaction heat produced by reaction during the production of 1,2-dichloroethane from ethylene and chlorine in a direct chlorination reactor. The chlorine is produced in a sodium chloride electrolysis and the reaction heat, during the formation of 1,2-dichloroethane is used at least partially for the evaporation of NaOH, which is produced during NaCl-electrolysis for producing the required chlorine for direct chlorination, as a coupling product. The invention also relates to a device for carrying out said method, comprising a multi-tube heat exchanger comprising two fixed tubular plates and a NaOH-liquid phase part, and the caustic soda passes through the inside of the tube and 1,2-dichloroethane passes the outside of the tube. The heat exchanger also comprises devices for feeding and distributing the caustic soda in the inside of the tube.
US07671235B2	Tetralin and indane derivatives and uses thereof Compounds of the formula I, II or III: or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein m, n, q, Ar, R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are as defined herein. Also provided are methods for preparing, compositions comprising, and methods for using compounds of formulas I-III.
US07671234B2	Method for producing methylglycine-N,N-diethanoic acid-trialkali metal salts with a low by-product content The invention relates to a process for preparing low-by-product, light-color methylglycine-N,N-diacetic acid tri(alkali metal) salt by alkaline hydrolysis of methylglycinediacetonitrile (MGDN), comprising the steps in the sequence (a) to (f): (a) mixing of MGDN with aqueous alkali at a temperature of ≦30° C.; (b) allowing the aqueous alkaline MGDN suspension to react at a temperature in the range from 10 to 30° C. over a period of from 0.1 to 10 h to form a solution; (c) allowing the solution from step (b) to react at a temperature in the range from 30 to 40° C. over a period of from 0.1 to 10 h; (d) optionally allowing the solution from step (c) to react at a temperature in the range from 50 to 80° C. over a period of from 0.5 to 2 h; (e) optionally allowing the solution from step (c) or (d) to react at a temperature in the range from 110 to 200° C. over a period of from 5 to 60 min; (f) hydrolysis and removal of ammonia of the solution obtained in step (c), (d) or (e) by stripping at a temperature of from 90 to 105° C.
US07671225B2	Ferrocenyl ligands for homogeneous, enantioselective hydrogenation catalysts Compounds of the formula (I) or (I′), where R1 is a hydrogen atom or C1-C4-alkyl and R′1 is C1-C4-alkyl; X1 and X2 are each, independently of one another, a secondary phosphine group; R2 is hydrogen, R01R02R03Si—, C1-C18.acyl substituted by halogen, hydroxy, C1-C8-alkoxy or R04R05N—, -or R06—X01—C(O)—; R01, R02 and R03 are each, independently of one another, C1-C12-alkyl, unsubstituted or C1-C4-alkyl or C1-C4-alkoxy-substituted C6-C10-aryl or C7-C12-aralkyl; R04 and R05 are each, independently of one another, hydrogen, C1-C12-alkyl, C3-C8-cycloalkyl, C6-C10-aryl or C7-C12-aralkyl, or R04 and R05 together are trimethylene, tetramethylene, pentamethylene or 3-oxapcntylene; R06 is C1-C18-alkyl, unsubstituted or C1-C4-alkyl- or C1-C4-alkoxy-substituted C3-C8-cycloalkyl, C6-C10-aryl or C7-C12-aralkyl; X01 is —O— or —NH—; T is C6-C20-arylene; v is 0 or an integer from 1 to 4; and * denotes a mixture of racemic or enantiomerically pure diastereomers or pure racemic or enantiomerically diastereomers, are excellent chiral ligands for metal complexes as enantioselective catalysts for the hydrogenation of prochiral organic compounds.
US07671221B2	Modulators of ATP-Binding Cassette transporters Compounds of the present invention and pharmaceutically acceptable compositions thereof, are useful as modulators of ATP-Binding Cassette (“ABC”) transporters or fragments thereof, including Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (“CFTR”). The present invention also relates to methods of treating ABC transporter mediated diseases using compounds of the present invention.
US07671220B2	Processes for the 3,3-dialkylation of 4-chromanones The present invention relates to methods for the preparation of 3,3-dialky 4-chromanones, and particularly to the preparation of 6-fluoro-3,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-4H-chromen-4-one and 3,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-4H-chromen-4-one. In some embodiments, the processes include reaction of a 4-chromanone compound with an alkyl halide in the presence of a metal alkoxide at low temperature.
US07671219B2	Method for manufacturing fullerene derivatives Provided is a method for manufacturing fullerene 1,3-dioxolane conveniently at high yield. Fullerene 1,3-dioxolane is manufactured by reacting a fullerene oxide and a carbonyl compound in the presence of a catalyst.
US07671217B2	Method for the decarboxylation of dicarboxylic acids The invention relates to a method for the thermal decarboxylation of dicarboxylic acids, in particular to 3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene-2,5-dicarboxylic acid as an educt. According to said method the educt is used in solid form and/or the reaction is carried out in the presence of a plurality of fluidised bed bodies. No solvents are used in the reaction and the decarboxylation product that is formed during the reaction is carried away from the reaction zone in gaseous form.
US07671208B2	Acetone solvate of phthaloyl amlodipine An acetone solvate of phthaloyl amlodipine, as well as a process for its preparation including dissolving phthaloyl amlodipine in acetone and cooling the mixture. The present invention also comprises a method for the synthesis of amlodipine, its salts or solvates, which comprises the use of an acetone solvate of phthaloyl amlodipine.
US07671207B2	Process to prepare pioglitazone via several novel intermediates A process for preparing thiazolidinediones, preferably pioglitazone, is described. Also described are intermediates involved in synthesizing thiazolidinediones, and processes for preparation and use in medicine.
US07671205B2	6-aminoisoquinoline compounds 6-Amino isoquinoline compounds are provided that influence, inhibit or reduce the action of a kinase. Pharmaceutical compositions including therapeutically effective amounts of the 6-aminoisoquinoline compounds and pharmaceutically acceptable carriers are also provided. Various methods using the compounds and/or compositions to affect disease states or conditions such as cancer, obesity and glaucoma are also provided.
US07671204B2	N-demethylation of N-methyl morphinans The present invention provides a synthetic process for the N-demethylation of N-methyl morphinans. In particular, the invention provides improved synthetic methods for the preparation of N-demethylated morphinan compounds that may be employed as starting materials, for example, commonly available N-methyl opiates such as oripavine and thebaine, and C(3)-protected hydroxy derivatives of oripavine.
US07671203B2	Method and system for separation and purification of at least one narcotic alkaloid using reverse phase preparative chromatography An apparatus and method for separating at least one narcotic alkaloid that includes loading a stationary phase media into a high performance preparative liquid chromatography column, feeding a crude narcotic alkaloid solution into the chromatographic column, applying a mobile phase to the chromatographic column, and recovering a narcotic alkaloid eluate from the chromatographic column. The narcotic eluates arc collected and treated separately from each other. Each separated alkaloid, however, has sufficient recovery and purity.
US07671202B2	Perylene n-type semiconductors and related devices Mono- and diimide perylene and naphthalene compounds, N- and core-substituted with electron-withdrawing groups, for use in the fabrication of various device structures.
US07671200B2	Quinazolinone KSP inhibitors Quinazolinones of formulae (a, b, c and d) are disclosed. They are useful for treating cellular proliferative diseases and disorders associated with KSP kinesin activity.
US07671199B2	Process for the preparation of [(1R), 2S]-2-aminopropionic acid 2-[4-(4-fluoro-2-methyl-1H-indol-5-yloxy)-5-methylpyrrolo[2, 1-F][1,2,4]triazin-6-yloxy]-1-methylethyl ester The invention relates to an improved process for preparing [(1R), 2S]-2-aminopropionic acid 2-[4-(4-fluoro-2-methyl-1H-indol-5-yloxy)-5-methylpyrrolo[2,1-f][1,2,4]triazin-6-yloxy]-1-methylethyl ester of the formula: Compound I has been shown to be useful for the treatment of certain types of cancer.
US07671198B2	Process for preparing intermediates to 5-HT4 receptor agonist compounds The invention provides 8-azabicyclo[3.2.1 ]octyl intermediates useful for the preparation of 5-HT4 receptor agonist compounds. The invention also provides processes for the preparation of such useful intermediates.
US07671195B2	Process for preparing dibenzothiazepine compounds A dibenzothiazepine compound is suitably prepared by subjecting a 2-amino-2′-carboxy-diphenylsulfide compound to dehydration-condensation reaction in the presence of an acidic catalyst; the 2-amino-2′-carboxy-diphenylsulfide compound is suitably prepared by reducing a 2-nitro-2′-carboxy-diphenylsulfide compound in a lower aliphatic ester solvent; and the 2-nitro-2′-carboxy-diphenylsulfide compound is suitably prepared by reacting a nitrobenzene compound with a thiosalicylic acid compound in a mixture of a lower aliphatic alcohol and water.
US07671193B2	Method for adjusting the degree of substitution with acetyl group of cellulose acetate A process for adjusting an intermolecular or intermolecular degree of acetyl substitution of cellulose acetate is disclosed. The process comprises ripening cellulose acetate in the presence of a catalyst, an acetyl donor, and water or an alcohol. The amount of water and the alcohol is in the range of 0.1 to 10 mol % based on the amount of the acetyl donor.
US07671189B2	Enzymes having dehalogenase activity and methods of use thereof The invention relates to haloalkane dehalogenases and to polynucleotides encoding the haloalkane dehalogenases. In addition methods of designing new dehalogenases and method of use thereof are also provided. The dehalogenases have increased activity and stability at increased pH and temperature.
US07671180B2	Fibroblast growth factor-like polypeptides and variants thereof The present invention provides novel Fibroblast Growth Factor-like (FGF-like) fusion polypedtides.
US07671179B2	Antibodies and methods for generating genetically altered antibodies with high affinity Dominant negative alleles of human mismatch repair genes can be used to generate hypermutable cells and organisms. By introducing these genes into cells and transgenic animals, new cell lines and animal varieties with novel and useful properties can be prepared more efficiently than by relying on the natural rate of mutation. These methods are useful for generating genetic diversity within immunoglobulin genes directed against an antigen of interest to produce altered antibodies with enhanced biochemical activity. Moreover, these methods are useful for generating antibody-producing cells with increased level of antibody production. The invention also provides methods for increasing the affinity of monoclonal antibodies and monoclonal antibodies with increased affinity.
US07671178B1	Solubilization and reconstitution of silk using ionic liquids Silk is dissolved in an ionic liquid and is regenerated in a range of structural forms without requiring the use of harmful solvents. Silk solubility can be controlled by the selection of the ionic liquid constituents, with small cations and halide or pseudohalide anions favoring solution. The rinse solvent exercises a significant influence over the final properties of the regenerated silk.
US07671177B2	Leucine-based motif and clostridial neurotoxins Modified neurotoxin comprising neurotoxin including structural modification, wherein the structural modification alters the biological persistence, preferably the biological half-life, of the modified neurotoxin relative to an identical neurotoxin without the structural modification. The structural modification includes addition or deletion of a leucine-based motif or parts thereof. In one embodiment, methods of making the modified neurotoxin include using recombinant techniques. In another embodiment, methods of using the modified neurotoxin to treat biological disorders include treating autonomic disorders, neuromuscular disorders or pains.
US07671172B2	Poly(trimethylene-ethylene ether) glycols A poly(trimethylene-ethylene ether) glycol is disclosed. The poly(trimethylene-ethylene ether) glycol is, preferably, prepared by the polycondensation of 1,3-propanediol reactant and ethylene glycol reactant. The composition is preferably used in breathable membranes, synthetic lubricants, hydraulic fluids, cutting oils, motor oils, surfactants, spin-finishes, water-borne coatings, laminates, adhesives, packaging, films and foams, fibers and fabrics.
US07671170B2	Film-forming material containing phosphorous Film-forming materials include resins having a covalently bonded phosphorous atom, the phosphorous atom having at least one covalently bonded oxygen atom. Film-forming resins containing phosphorous can include epoxy, acrylic, polyurethane, polycarbonate, polysiloxane, polyvinyl, polyether, aminoplast, and polyester resins. A process to produce a film-forming resin includes reacting various polymers to incorporate a pendent group comprising a covalently bonded phosphorous atom.
US07671168B2	Unsymmetrical aromatic ether diacids and absorbable polymers therefrom The present invention relates to compounds of formula I, which are unsymmetrical aromatic ether diacids, and polymers formed from the same. [R′—(Y)p—O]q—Ar—[O—(X)r—R′]s I Polymers formed from the functionalized unsymmetrical aromatic ether diacids are expected to have controllable degradation profiles, enabling them to release an active component over a desired time range. The polymers are also expected to be useful in a variety of medical applications.
US07671166B2	High internal free volume compositions for low-k dielectric and other applications The present invention provides materials, devices, and methods involving new heterocyclic, shape-persistent monomeric units with internal free volume. In some cases, materials the present invention may comprise monomers, oligomers, or polymers that incorporate a heterocyclic, shape-persistent iptycene. The present invention may provide materials having low dielectric constants and improved stability at high operating temperatures due to the electron-poor character of materials. In addition, compositions of the invention may be easily synthesized and readily modified to suit a particular application.
US07671164B2	Aliphatic polycarbonates, methods of making, and articles formed therefrom A method of making a polycarbonate is described. The method comprises melt reacting an ester-substituted diaryl carbonate and a multifunctional compound of the formula: in the presence of catalyst to form an oligomer comprising less than 2,000 ppm of an ester-linked terminal group, and melt polymerizing the oligomer to form a polycarbonate. Use of specific reaction conditions produces a polycarbonate having an Mw of greater than or equal to 25,000 g/mol as determined by gel-permeation chromatography relative to polystyrene standards. Polycarbonates comprising units derived from the multifunctional compound, including homopolycarbonates, aliphatic copolycarbonates further comprising units derived from an aromatic dihydroxy compound, and aliphatic polycarbonate-polyesters, are also disclosed, as are a thermoplastic composition and an article including the disclosed polycarbonates.
US07671162B2	Control of polymer surface molecular architecture via amphipathic endgroups Polymers whose surfaces are modified by endgroups that include amphipathic surface-modifying moieties. An amphipathic endgroup of a polymer molecule is an endgroup that contains at least two moieties of significantly differing composition, such that the amphipathic endgroup spontaneously rearranges its positioning in a polymer body to position the moiety on the surface of the body, depending upon the composition of the medium with which the body is in contact, when that re-positioning causes a reduction in interfacial energy. An example of an amphipathic surface-modifying endgroup is one that has both a hydrophobic moiety and a hydrophilic moiety in a single endgroup. For instance, a hydrophilic poly(ethylene oxide) terminated with a hydrophilic hydroxyl group is not surface active in air when the surface-modifying endgroup is bonded to a more hydrophobic base polymer. If the hydroxyl group on the oligomeric poly(ethylene oxide) is replaced by a hydrophobic methoxy ether terminus, the poly(ethylene oxide) becomes surface active in air, and allows the poly(ethylene oxide) groups to crystallize in the air-facing surface. In this example, immersion in water destroys the crystallinity as the poly(ethylene oxide) sorbs water and the hydrophobic methoxy group retreats below the surface of the polymer. Also disclosed are methods and articles of manufacture that make use of these polymers.
US07671160B2	Curable perfluoropolyether compositions and rubber or gel articles comprising the cured products of the compositions Curable perfluoropolyether rubber compositions are provided comprising (A) a linear perfluoropolyether compound containing at least two alkenyl groups and having a perfluoropolyether structure containing recurring units —CaF2aO— in its backbone, (B) an organosilicon compound containing at least two SiH groups, (C) an inorganic powder capable of chemical and/or physical adsorption of acidic gases and/or sulfur-containing gases, and (D) a hydrosilylation catalyst. The compositions cure into rubber or gel products having minimal permeability to acidic gases and sulfur-containing gases.
US07671158B2	End-capped polymer chains and products thereof According to an aspect of the present invention, a method is provided in which a double diphenylethylene compound is reacted with a polymer that contains a carbocationically terminated chain thereby providing a 1,1-diphenylene end-functionalized chain. Subsequently, an alkylating agent is reacted with the 1,1-diphenylene end-functionalized chain, thereby providing an alkylated 1,1-diphenylene end-functionalized chain. In some embodiments, the method further comprises (a) optionally combining a 1,1-diphenylorganolithium compound with the alkylated 1,1-diphenylene end-functionalized polymer followed by (b) reacting an organolithium compound with the alkylated 1,1-diphenylene end-functionalized polymer. This provides an anionically terminated polymer, which can be used, for example, in subsequent anionic polymerization and coupling reactions. According to another aspect of the present invention, a novel polymer is provided that comprises a polymer chain, which chain further comprises the following: (a) a plurality of constitutional units that correspond to cationically polymerizable monomer species and (b) an end-cap comprising a group or a group, where R is a branched or unbranched alkyl group containing from 1 to 20 carbons and R1 is a branched, unbranched, or cyclic alkyl group or an aryl group, containing from 1 to 20 carbons. Other aspects of the present invention relate to novel copolymers that comprise: (a) a first polymer block that comprises a plurality of constitutional units that correspond to isobutylene; and (b) a second polymer block that comprises a plurality of constitutional units that correspond to hydroxyethyl methacrylate.
US07671157B2	Modification of polymers having aromatic groups through formation of boronic ester groups The C—H bond of pendant aromatic groups such as commercial polystyrenes with three types of tacticities (syndiotactic, isotactic, atactic) undergo catalyzed functionalization with boron reagents. A boronic ester group formed on the polymer in the polystyrene was further converted to hydroxy and arene via oxidation and coupling reactions, respectively. These functionalizations proceeded without significantly affecting the molecular weight of starting polymer and the functional concentrations could be easily controlled by changing the ratio of boron reagent to monomer unit.
US07671156B2	Silicone hydrogels The present invention provides silicone hydrogel materials having relatively high oxygen permeability and a relatively low modulus. The relatively-low modulus is achieved by adding a chain transfer agent into a polymerizable fluid composition in an amount sufficient to provide to the resultant silicone hydrogel material with a reduced modulus. In addition, the invention provides silicone hydrogel contact lenses comprising a silicone hydrogel material of the invention, a method for making a silicone hydrogel material of the invention, and a method for making a silicone hydrogel contact lens of the invention.
US07671151B2	Olefin polymerization process A process for making polyethylene having an uncommon but valuable balance of broad molecular weight distribution and a low level of long-chain branching is disclosed. The process comprises polymerizing ethylene in a single reactor in the presence of an α-olefin and a catalyst comprising an activator and a supported dialkylsilyl-bridged bis(indeno[1,2-b]indolyl)zirconium complex. The polyethylene, which has an Mw/Mn greater than 10 and a viscosity enhancement factor (VEF) of less than 2.5, is valuable for making blown films.
US07671150B2	Polymerization of acyclic aliphatic olefins A robust, impurity tolerant method of making substantially linear polymers of acyclic aliphatic olefins using catalyst complexes comprising a single palladium metal center and a substituted tri-aryl ligand is disclosed.
US07671145B2	Epoxy-capped polythioethers by reacting dithiol, diolefin and monoepoxy olefin Epoxy-capped polythioethers and curable compositions of epoxy-capped polythioethers are disclosed.
US07671144B2	Pressure sensitive adhesive composition The present invention has its object to provide a pressure sensitive adhesive composition which can be applied using no organic solvent or using almost no organic solvent and which manifests excellent pressure sensitive adhesion characteristics. This object can be achieved by a pressure sensitive adhesive composition which comprises, as essential constituents, the following: (A) an oxyalkylene polymer containing 0.3 to 0.7 equivalent of a hydrolyzable silyl group in each molecule and having a number average molecular weight of 15,000 to 100,000 (hydrolyzable silyl group-containing polymer); (B) a tackifier resin; (C) a curing catalyst.
US07671141B2	Second order nonlinear optical polyimides having benzobisthiazole-based pendant groups, and preparation of the same Disclosed herein are second order nonlinear optic polyimide polymers comprising repeating units represented by the formula: wherein each of the substituents is given the definition as set forth in the Specification and Claims. Also disclosed are the preparation processes of these polymers, chromophore-forming compounds for synthesis of these polymers, and the intermediate polymers thereof. The second order nonlinear optic polyimide polymers of formula (I) may be used in the manufacture of electro-optic (EO) devices, such as electro-optic waveguide devices.
US07671137B2	Rubber composition for tire To provide a rubber composition for a tire increasing the interaction between rubber fillers, low in heat buildup, and able to raise the vulcanization speed.A rubber composition for a tire containing 100 parts by weight of (A) a sulfur-vulcanizable diene-based rubber, (B) 0.1 to 1 part by weight of a 4,4′-oxybis(benzenesulfonylazide) and (C) a vulcanization type compounding agent, wherein the ingredients (A) and (B) are mixed at the time of a first mixing step before the compounding of the ingredient (C).
US07671136B2	Modified polymers prepared with lanthanide-based catalysts A functionalized polymer prepared by a process comprising the steps of preparing a pseudo-living polymer by polymerizing conjugated diene monomer with a lanthanide-based catalyst, the polymer having greater than about 85 percent in the 1,4-cis microstructure and less than about 3 percent in the 1,2- or 3,4-microstructure, and reacting the pseudo-living polymer with at least one functionalizing agent defined by the formula (I) or (II): where Z is a substituent that will react or interact with organic or inorganic fillers; with the proviso that each group attached to the imino carbon is attached via a carbon atom and R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R13, R14 and Z are substituents that will not protonate a pseudo-living polymer.
US07671128B1	Tire with a component made of a rubber composition comprised of rubbers having pendant hydroxyl groups The present invention is directed to a tire comprising at least one component comprising (A) a first copolymer rubber comprised of repeat units derived from (1) 10 to 99 weight percent of a conjugated diene monomer which contains from 4 to 8 carbon atoms; (2) 0 to 70 weight percent of a vinyl substituted aromatic monomer; and (3) 1 to 20 weight percent of at least one co-monomer selected from the group consisting of the following general formulas I: wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms; wherein R1 represents a saturated alcohol group containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms; and (B) a second copolymer rubber comprised of repeat units derived from (1) 10 to 99 weight percent of a conjugated diene monomer which contains from 4 to 8 carbon atoms; (2) 0 to 70 weight percent of a vinyl substituted aromatic monomer; and (3) 1 to 20 weight percent of at least one co-monomer selected from the group consisting of the following general formulas I: wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms; wherein R1 represents a saturated alcohol group containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms; wherein the first and second copolymer have a difference in glass transition temperatures ranging from 30° C. to 60° C.
US07671127B2	Impact-modified thermoplastic molding compositions based on vinyl aromatic copolymers and polyamide The invention relates to thermoplastic molding compositions, comprising A) from 35 to 95% by weight of at least one graft copolymer A), which is obtainable via reaction of A1) from 5 to 95% by weight of a polymer A1), which is obtained from at least one dicarboxylic anhydride a11) and from at least one vinylaromatic comonomer a12), and A2) from 5 to 95% by weight of a polyamide A2), B) from 5 to 40% by weight of at least one ungrafted or grafted, non-particulate rubber without core-shell structure B), which has functional groups which can react with the end groups of component A), C) from 0 to 50% by weight of at least one particulate or fibrous filler or particulate or fibrous reinforcing material C), D) from 0 to 60% by weight of at least one copolymer D) composed of vinyl aromatic monomers d1) and of comonomers d2), and E) from 0 to 40% by weight of at least one other additive E), where the entirety of components A) to E) gives 100% by weight, and also to processes for preparation of the thermoplastic molding compositions, to the use of the thermoplastic molding compositions for production of moldings, of foils, of fibers, or of foams, and finally to the moldings, foils, fibers, and foams obtainable from the thermoplastic molding compositions.
US07671117B2	Resin composition Moldings made with a polyester resin which comprises a cyclic compound represented by a following formula A1-B-A2 (in the formula, A1 and A2 are the same or different and show groups represented by a below-described formula, P shows a benzene ring which may be replaced by a material, and B shows a bivalent hydrocarbon group which may be replaced by a material) and polyester capable of having a crystal structure.
US07671115B2	Method for enhancing water-repellency treatment of mineral hydraulic binder compositions and compositions obtainable by said method and their uses The invention concerns a method for enhancing water-repellency repellency treatment of mineral hydraulic binder compositions and compositions obtainable by said method and their uses in the building sector, said method comprising the step of adding a sufficient amount of at least one monovalent cation salt of a carboxylic acid to said composition.
US07671114B2	Adhesive of substituted oxirane or oxetane compound with silver-based, lead-free solder In accordance with the present invention, it has now been found that glycidyl epoxy resins containing substitution on the epoxide ring can be used with conventional epoxy curing agents and fluxing agents to produce underfill adhesives that are suitable for use with silver-based alloys. Owing to the structural similarity of the new materials to conventional epoxy resins, physical and material properties of the invention formulations are altered little, if at all, relative to products currently in use, and so are highly compatible with existing processes.
US07671104B2	Fine cell, water-blown rigid polyurethane foams The invention relates to a process for the production of water-blown, finely cellular rigid foams containing urethane groups and/or isocyanurate groups by the reaction of polyisocyanates with a polyol component in the form of an emulsion. The invention also relates to open-cell polyurethane foams which are foamable in the mould.
US07671102B2	Gelled biopolymer based foam Gelled biopolymer based foams are disclosed. The gelled foams comprise a cross-linked biopolymer, preferably alginate; optionally, a foaming agent such as hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose; and a plasticizer, preferably glycerin sorbitol, or a mixture thereof, that forms the predominant portion of the gelled foam. The foams are soft and pliable and have high absorbency. They are used as wound dressing materials, controlled release delivery systems, cell culture, barrier media for preventing tissue adherence, and bioabsorbable implants. They also have various personal care applications, especially in oral hygiene, and can be used in food applications.
US07671095B2	Films and particles Described herein are compounds and processes that can be used to prepare polymer-based films, particles, gels and related compositions, and processes for delivery of agents, and other uses.
US07671093B2	Mixed co-crystals and pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same A mixed co-crystal comprising an API, a first co-crystal former, and a second co-crystal former which is isomorphically substitutable with said first co-crystal former is described. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a mixed co-crystal, methods of making mixed co-crystals, and methods of using mixed co-crystals are also described.
US07671090B2	Inhibitors of α4 mediated cell adhesion The present invention relates to a phenylalanine derivative of Formula (I) wherein X1 is a halogen atom, X2 is a halogen atom, Q is a CH2R— is a carboxyl group which may be esterified; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
US07671089B2	Levodopa prodrugs, and compositions and uses thereof Prodrugs of levodopa, methods of making prodrugs of levodopa, methods of using prodrugs of levodopa, and compositions of prodrugs of levodopa are disclosed.
US07671086B2	Pharmaceutical compositions comprising flavonoids and menthol The present invention relates to use of certain antiviral fragrances for reduction of viruses, in particular vira causing common cold. In one embodiment, the invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising an antiviral fragrance, preferably menthol. Said compositions preferably also comprise one or more flavonoids. The invention also relates to treatment of common cold using said compositions.
US07671085B2	Non-steroidal farnesoid X receptor modulators and methods for the use thereof The efficient regulation of cholesterol synthesis, metabolism, acquisition, and transport is an essential component of lipid homeostasis. The farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is a transcriptional sensor for bile acids, the primary product of cholesterol metabolism. Accordingly, the development of potent, selective, small molecule agonists, partial agonists, and antagonists of FXR would be an important step in further deconvoluting FXR physiology. In accordance with the present invention, the identification of novel potent FXR activators is described. Two derivatives of invention compounds, bearing stilbene or biaryl moieties, contain members that are the most potent FXR agonists reported to date in cell-based assays. These compounds are useful as chemical tools to further define the physiological role of FXR as well as therapeutic leads for the treatment of diseases linked to cholesterol, bile acids and their metabolism and homeostasis.
US07671083B2	P-alkoxyphenylen-thiophene oligomers as organic semiconductors for use in electronic devices This invention provides phenylene-thiophene compounds that exhibit useful electronic properties such as high mobility and high on/off ratio. The invention also provides electronic devices incorporating these compounds. These devices include field effect transistors (FETs), thin film transistors (TFTs), display devices, light-emitting diodes, photovoltaic cells, photo-detectors, and memory cells. Further, the invention also describes a method for manufacturing these field effect transistors. The invention describes an electronic device comprising one or more compounds represented by Formula: (I) where R is selected from substituents comprising 1-20 carbon atoms, wherein the substituents are selected from substituted or unsubstituted alkyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl groups, and substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl groups; n is an integer selected from 2 through 6; and m and m′ are integers selected independently from 1 through 3.
US07671081B2	Multifunctional cationic photoinitiators, their preparation and use Compounds of formula (I): wherein the substituents are as defined herein.
US07671073B2	Cyclohexylalanine derivatives as dipeptidyl peptidase-IV inhibitors for the treatment or prevention of diabetes The present invention is directed to novel cyclohexylalanine derivatives which are inhibitors of the dipeptidyl peptidase-IV enzyme (“DP-IV inhibitors”) and which are useful in the treatment or prevention of diseases in which the dipeptidyl peptidase-IV enzyme is involved, such as diabetes and particularly type 2 diabetes. The invention is also directed to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds and the use of these compounds and compositions in the prevention or treatment of such diseases in which the dipeptidyl peptidase-IV enzyme is involved.
US07671070B2	Method of treating ophthalmic infections with moxifloxacin compositions Ophthalmic, otic and nasal compositions containing a new class of antibiotics (e.g., moxifloxacin) are disclosed. The compositions preferably also contain one or more anti-inflammatory agents. The compositions may be utilized to treat ophthalmic, otic and nasal conditions by topically applying the compositions to the affected tissues.
US07671068B2	N-(alkoxyalkyl) carbamoyl-substituted 6-phenyl-benzonaphthyridine derivatives and their use as PDE ¾ inhibitors Compounds of the formula I in which the substitutents have the definitions provided in the specification, are novel, effective PDE 3/4 inhibitors.
US07671067B2	Treatment of non-hodgkin's lymphomas with multi-arm polymeric conjugates of 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamtothecin The present invention relates to methods of treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. The present invention includes administering polymeric prodrugs of 7-ethyl-10-hydroxy-camptothecin to patients in need thereof.
US07671065B2	Pyridine derivatives as potassium ion channel openers The present invention is directed to novel pyridine derivatives, pharmaceutical compositions containing them and their use in the treatment of disorders related to ion channels such as potassium channels.
US07671058B2	N-(3,4-disubstituted phenyl) salicylamide derivatives A compound represented by the following formula (I) or a salt thereof: wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 represent hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, cyano group, nitro group, a C1-4 alkyl group, a halogenated C1-4 alkyl group or a C1-4 alkoxy group, R5 represents a halogen atom, cyano group, a C1-4 alkyl group, a halogenated C1-4 alkyl group or a C1-4 alkoxy group, R6 represents a C5-7 cycloalkyl group, a substituted C5-7 cycloalkyl group, a 5 to 7-membered completely saturated heterocyclic group or a substituted 5 to 7-membered completely saturated heterocyclic group, X represents a single bond, oxygen atom, sulfur atom, NR7, —O—CH2— or —N(R8)—CH2—, R7 represents hydrogen atom or a C1-4 alkyl group, or R7 may combine with a substituent of R6 to represent a single bond, methylene group or ethylene group, R8 represents hydrogen atom, a C1-4 alkyl group or a C7-12 aralkyl group, which is useful as an active ingredient of a medicament for prophylactic and/or therapeutic treatment of diseases caused by an activation of STAT6 and/or NF-κB.
US07671054B1	Reverse-turn mimetics and method relating thereto Conformationally constrained compounds that mimic the secondary structure of reverse-turn regions of biologically active peptides and proteins as well as their prodrugs are disclosed. Such reverse-turn mimetic structures and prodrugs have utility over a wide range of fields, including use as diagnostic and therapeutic agents. Libraries containing the reverse-turn mimetic structures of this invention are also disclosed as well as methods for screening the same to identify biologically active members. The invention also relates to the use of such compounds and prodrugs for inhibiting or treating disorders modulated by Wnt-signaling pathway, such as cancer, especially colorectal cancer, restenosis associated with angioplasty, polycystic kidney disease, aberrant angiogenesis disease, rheumatoid arthritis disease, tuberous sclerosis complex, Alzheimer's disease, excess hair growth or loss, or ulcerative colitis.
US07671052B2	Phenyl derivatives and methods of use Novel phenyl compounds, pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds, and methods for their pharmaceutical use are disclosed. In certain embodiments, the compounds are agonists and/or ligands of cannabinoid receptors and may be useful, inter alia, for treating and/or preventing pain, gastrointestinal disorders, genitourinary disorders, inflammation, glaucoma, auto-immune diseases, ischemic conditions, immune-related disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases, for providing cardioprotection against ischemic and reperfusion effects, for inducing apoptosis in malignant cells, and as an appetite stimulant.
US07671050B2	Triazolophthalazines The compounds of formula (I) in which R1, R2 and R3 have the meanings as given in the description are novel effective PDE2 inhibitors.
US07671049B2	Pyrrole based inhibitors of glycogen synthase kinase 3 New pyrrole based compounds, compositions and methods of inhibiting the activity of glycogen synthase kinase (GSK3) in vitro and of treatment of GSK3 mediated disorders in vivo are provided. The methods, compounds and compositions of the invention may be employed alone, or in combination with other pharmacologically active agents in the treatment of disorders mediated by GSK3 activity, such as diabetes, Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders, obesity, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, essential hypertension, polycystic ovary syndrome, syndrome X, ischemia, traumatic brain injury, bipolar disorder, immunodeficiency or cancer.
US07671046B2	Metal complex protein kinase inhibitors This inventive subject matter relates to novel metal complex protein kinases inhibitors, methods for making such compounds, and methods for using such compounds for treating diseases and disorders mediated by kinase activity.
US07671042B2	Pharmaceutical compositions containing cyclodextrins and taxoids The present invention relates to water-soluble solid pharmaceutical compositions and their solutions in aqueous solvents, said compositions containing a) as an active ingredient a finely dispersed large surface area amorphous preferably lyophilized taxoid such as paclitaxel or docetaxel, their salts or their polymorphic hydrates or solvates such as solvates formed with ethanol and b) finely dispersed large surface area amorphous preferably lyophilized acetyl-γ-cyclodextrin or hydroxy-propyl-β-cyclodextrin (cyclodextrin) whereby the weight ratio of said taxoid:said cyclodextrin ranges between 1:25 and 1:400; c) and optionally other water-soluble auxiliary materials usual in pharmaceuticals for parental purposes.
US07671040B2	Chemotherapeutic antineoplastic treatment Chemotherapeutic antineoplastic method comprising administration of an effective amount of an antineoplastic agent in conjunction with an effective amount of a β-1,3 glucan.
US07671039B2	Composition containing beta-glucan for prevention and treatment of osteoporosis The present invention relates to a composition containing beta-glucan as an effective ingredient for prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. The above captioned beta-glucan is preferably the beta-1.3/1.6 glucan having a lactic acid as a substituent and this beta-1.3/1.6 glucan is preferably produced from Aureobasidium pullulans SM2001(KCCM 10307).
US07671037B2	Hypoxia induced mitogenic factor We found that FIZZ1/RELMα is inducible by hypoxia in lung. The hypoxia-upregulated expression of FIZZ1/RELMα was located in the pulmonary vasculature, bronchial epithelial cells, and type II pneumocytes. Recombinant FIZZ1/RELMα protein stimulates rat pulmonary microvascular smooth muscle cell (RPSM) proliferation dose-dependently. Therefore, we renamed this gene as hypoxia-induced mitogenic factor (HIMF). HIMF strongly activated Akt phosphorylation. The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor LY294002 inhibits HIMF-activated Akt phosphorylation. It also inhibits HIMF-stimulated RPSM proliferation. Thus, the PI3K/Akt pathway, at least in part, mediates the proliferative effect of HIMF. HIMF also has angiogenic and vasoconstrictive activity. Notably, HIMF increases pulmonary arterial pressure and vascular resistance more potently than either endothelin-1 or angiotensin II.
US07671035B2	Epidermal growth factor receptor antisense oligonucleotides Disclosed are synthetic oligonucleotides complementary to nucleic acids encoding epidermal growth factor and methods of their use.
US07671034B2	Stabilized formulation of ivermectin feed premix with an extended shelf life The invention relates to a stabilized premix feed or feed-like formulation that has an extended shelf life due to a decrease of the degradates of the active ingredient by controlling the amount of an already existing stabilizer in the formulation. The feed premix is used in the treatment of parasites in mammals, in particular swine and horses. The invention further relates to a method to extend the shelf life of a stable premix feed or feed-like formulation for the treatment of parasite infestation in swine and horses comprising controlling the amount of an already existing antioxidant or stabilizer in the formulation to decrease or to prevent the formation of acid/base catalyzed decomposition of the active ingredient.
US07671032B2	HCV NS-3 serine protease inhibitors Peptidomimetic compounds are described which inhibit the NS3 protease of the hepatitis C virus (HCV). The compounds have the formula where the variable definitions are as provided in the specification. The compounds comprise a carbocyclic P2 unit in conjunction with a novel linkage to those portions of the inhibitor more distal to the nominal cleavage site of the native substrate, which linkage reverses the orientation of peptidic bonds on the distal side relative to those proximal to the cleavage site.
US07671031B2	Abuse-resistant amphetamine prodrugs The invention describes compounds, compositions, and methods of using the same comprising a chemical moiety covalently attached to amphetamine. These compounds and compositions are useful for reducing or preventing abuse and overdose of amphetamine. These compounds and compositions find particular use in providing an abuse-resistant alternative treatment for certain disorders, such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), ADD, narcolepsy, and obesity. Oral bioavailability of amphetamine is maintained at therapeutically useful doses. At higher doses bioavailability is substantially reduced, thereby providing a method of reducing oral abuse liability. Further, compounds and compositions of the invention decrease the bioavailability of amphetamine by parenteral routes, such as intravenous or intranasal administration, further limiting their abuse liability.
US07671030B2	Abuse-resistant amphetamine prodrugs The invention describes compounds, compositions, and methods of using the same comprising a chemical moiety covalently attached to amphetamine. These compounds and compositions are useful for reducing or preventing abuse and overdose of amphetamine. These compounds and compositions find particular use in providing an abuse-resistant alternative treatment for certain disorders, such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), ADD, narcolepsy, and obesity. Oral bioavailability of amphetamine is maintained at therapeutically useful doses. At higher doses bioavailability is substantially reduced, thereby providing a method of reducing oral abuse liability. Further, compounds and compositions of the invention decrease the bioavailability of amphetamine by parenteral routes, such as intravenous or intranasal administration, further limiting their abuse liability.
US07671028B2	Peptides that antagonize FPR class receptor mediated signaling The present application discloses W-rich peptide that is useful for inhibiting FPR class receptor activity.
US07671026B2	Cytomodulating peptides for treating interstitial cystitis The methods and compositions relate to treatment of disorders of the bladder. In particular, the methods provide for treatment of interstitial cystitis and related disorders. The methods further comprise treatment to affect various manifestations associated with interstitial cystitis, including, reducing histamine release, modulating Substance P expression, modulating nerve growth factor expression, modulating levels of various cytokines, and maintaining integrity of the urine/blood barrier.
US07671024B2	OBG3 globular head and uses thereof The present invention relates to the field of obesity research. Obesity is a public health problem that is serious and widespread. The application is related to OBG3 polypepide fragments and compositions comprising these fragments. It also discloses methods of reducing free fatty acid levels with the polypeptide fragments of the invention.
US07671023B2	Amylin agonist for treating depression, anxiety disorder and schizophrenia Methods and compositions for treating psychiatric diseases and disorders are disclosed. The methods provided generally involve the administration of an amylin or an amylin agonist to a subject in order to treat psychiatric diseases and disorders, and conditions associated with psychiatric diseases and disorders.
US07671016B2	RGD-enriched gelatine-like proteins with enhanced cell binding The invention concerns a cell support comprising an RGD-enriched gelatine that has a more even distribution of RGD sequences than occurring in a natural gelatine and with a minimum level of RGD sequences. More precise the percentage of RGD sequences related to the total number of amino acids is at least 0.4 and if the RGD-enriched gelatine comprises 350 amino acids or more, each stretch of 350 amino acids contains at least one RGD motif. Preferably the RGD-enriched gelatines are prepared by recombinant technology, and have a sequence that is derived from a human gelatine or collagen amino acid sequence. The invention also relates to RGD-enriched gelatines that are used for attachment to integrins. In particular The RGD-enriched gelatines of the invention are suitable for coating a cell culture support for growing anchor-dependant cell types. Further, the RGD-enriched gelatines of the invention may find use in medical applications, in particular as a coating on implant or transplant material or as a component of drug delivery systems.
US07671014B2	Flowable carrier matrix and methods for delivering to a patient A carrier matrix may be delivered to a target position within a patient in a minimally invasive manner by first cutting a collagen sponge sheet into a plurality of relatively small pieces. These pieces are sized so that, when wet, they are capable of flowing through a cannula and/or reduced-diameter syringe tip. The pieces are placed into a syringe and wetted, say with a morphogenic solution, and optionally mixed with a bulking material, which is similarly sized to fit through the cannula. The thoroughly mixed and wetted product forms a viscous aggregate which may then be injected into the patient at the target site.
US07671012B2	Formulations and methods for delivery of growth factor analogs Formulations, kits and methods for bone or cartilage repair, including treatment of osteogenic defects, including formulations of synthetic heparin-binding growth factor analogs, non-ionic polymers, gelling agents and calcium-containing agents.
US07671010B2	Compositions and methods of use of targeting peptides for diagnosis and therapy of human cancer The present invention concerns compositions comprising and methods of identification and use of targeting peptides selective for cancer tissue, particularly prostate or ovarian cancer tissue. The method may comprise identifying endogenous mimeotopes of such peptides, such as GRP78, IL-11Rα and hsp90. Antibodies against such targeting peptides or their mimeotopes may be used for detection, diagnosis and/or staging of prostate or ovarian cancer. In other embodiments, the compositions and methods concern novel type of gene therapy vector, known as adeno-associated phage (AAP). AAP are of use for targeted delivery of therapeutic agents to particular tissues, organs or cell types, such as prostate or ovarian cancer. In still other embodiments, targeting peptides selective for low-grade lipomas may be used for detection, diagnosis and targeted delivery of therapeutic agents.
US07671009B2	Dermopharmaceutically and cosmetically active oligopeptides Oligopeptides and derivatives thereof, peptide analogs and derivatives thereof as well as pharmaceutically acceptable salts of these compounds, which correspond to general formula (I) wherein R1 represents H, —C(O)—R7, —SO2—R7, —C(O)—OR7 or —C(O)—N(R7)2 R2 represents, independent of one another, H or —(C1-C4)-alkyl, R3 and R6 represent, independent of one another, —(CH2)q—N(R1)R8 R4 and R5 represent, independent of one another, —CH2—OR2, —CH(CH3)OR8 or —CH2—CH2—OR8 R7 represents hydrogen, optionally substituted (C1-C19)-alkyl; optionally substituted (C1-C19)-alkenyl; phenyl-(C1-C4)-alkyl whose phenyl radical is optionally substituted with amino in the para position R8 represents H, —(C1-C4)-alkyl, —C(O)—R7, —C(O)—OR7, —C(O)—N(R7)2 or —SO2—R7 X represents oxygen (—O—) or —NH—; or XR7, with X=O, also represents the esters of α-tocopherol, tocotrienol or retinol or the carboxylic acid (with R7=H) m, n, p represent, independent of one another, zero or 1 and q in R3 and R6 represent, independent of one another, an integer from 1 to 4, with the provision that the following conditions do not simultaneously occur: R4=—CH(CH3)—OH and R5=—CH(CH3)—OH and R6=—(CH2)4—NH2; dermopharmaceutically and/or cosmetically active compositions containing at least one compound of formula (I).
US07670999B2	Cleansing composition containing hydrophilic silica and oxyalkenylated compounds A cleansing composition comprising (1) at least one foaming surfactant, (2) at least 1% by weight of at least one hydrophilic silica, relative to the total weight of the composition, and (3) at least one oxyalkylenated compound in a physiologically acceptable aqueous medium comprising at least 35% by weight of water, relative to the total weight of the composition.
US07670997B2	Ophthalmic compositions comprising a branched, glycerol monoalkyl compound and a fatty acid monoester An aqueous ophthalmic composition comprising a branched, glycerol monoalkyl compound and a fatty acid monoester. The fatty acid monoester comprises an aliphatic fatty acid portion having six to fourteen carbon atoms and an aliphatic hydroxyl portion. The composition will also have an osmolality in a range from 200 mOsmol/kg to 400 mOsmol/kg. The invention is also directed to a method of inhibiting the formation of foam in an aqueous ophthalmic composition that includes a surfactant as well as to a method of enhancing the biocidal efficacy of an aqueous ophthalmic composition containing a fatty acid monoester.
US07670995B2	Viscoelastic wellbore treatment fluid A viscoelastic wellbore treatment fluid comprises an effective amount of an oligomeric surfactant for controlling the viscoelasticity of the fluid.
US07670989B2	Neutralizing superabsorbent polymer composition An absorbent and process for the neutralization and absorption of acidic and alkaline liquid spills comprising a mixture of superabsorbent polymer, a styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, sodium bicarbonate, and optionally a chlorine neutralizer. The absorbent preferably also contains a chlorine neutralizer for the neutralization of any chlorine vapors and a pH indicator to indicate that the spill has been neutralized and is safe for handling and disposal.
US07670988B2	Nanostructured anode PT-RU electrocatalysts for direct methanol fuel cells An aerosol-assisted method for synthesis of nanostructured metallic electrocatalysts and the electrocatalysts formed thereby. The electrocatalyst may be formed from metals such as, but not limited to, platinum, platinum group metals, and binary and tertiary compositions thereof such as, for example, platinum-ruthenium and platinum-tin. The resulting unsupported electrocatalyst is homogenous and highly disperse.
US07670983B2	Oxygenate treatment of dewaxing catalyst for greater yield of dewaxed product Fischer-Tropsch hydrocarbon synthesis using a noncobalt catalyst is used to produce waxy fuel and lubricant oil hydrocarbons from synthesis gas derived from natural gas. The waxy hydrocarbons are hydrodewaxed, with reduced conversion to lower boiling hydrocarbons, by contacting the waxy hydrocarbons, in the presence of hydrogen, with an unsulfided hydrodewaxing catalyst that has been reduced and then treated by contacting it with a stream containing one or more oxygenates.
US07670981B2	C0G multi-layered ceramic capacitor A dielectric ceramic composition in a multilayer ceramic capacitor with a composition of formula: {[(CaO)t(SrO)1-t]m[(ZrO2)v(TiO2)1-v]}1-s-xAsEx wherein: A is a transition metal oxide; E is an oxide of an element selected from the group consisting of Ge, Si, Ga and combinations thereof; m is 0.98 to 1.02; t is 0.50 to 0.90; v is 0.8 to 1.0; s and x are selected from the group consisting of: a) 0≦x≦0.08, 0.0001≦s≦0.043 and x≧1.86s; and b) 0≦x≦0.0533, 0.0001≦s≦0.08 and x≦0.667s.
US07670971B2	Pre-moistened nonwoven webs with visible compressed sites The disclosure relates to pre-moistened webs and wipes having visible compressed sites that provide the perception of a cloth-like texture. The disclosure also relates to a nonwoven web made of non-thermoplastic fibers with at least one compressed site on the surface of the web that remains visible when the web is pre-moistened.
US07670968B2	Functional textile material provided with microcapsules containing an active ingredient and use thereof The subject of the invention is a functional textile material (1), wherein the functional textile material (1) comprises a textile backing (2) in the form of a two-dimensional textile formation, and the textile backing (2) is provided with microcapsules (3), which contain at least one active ingredient, and the microcapsules (3) are secured to the textile backing (2) by means of an adhesive (4) applied discontinuously to the textile backing (2). In this way, one obtains a functional textile material (1) with high air-permeability and high water vapor-permeability at reduced basis weight, which material can be used in particular for making functional clothing.
US07670965B2	Production method for silicon wafers and silicon wafer A silicon wafer is thermal-annealed in an atmosphere to form new vacancies therein by thermal annealing and the atmosphere in the thermal annealing contains a nitride gas having a lower decomposition temperature than a decomposable temperature of N2 so that the thermal annealing is carried out at a lower temperature or for a short time to suppress generation of slip and to provide satisfactory surface roughness.
US07670960B2	Substrate processing method Disclosed is a substrate processing method that dissolves and deforms a photoresist film having a first pattern formed on a substrate to reshape the resist film into a second pattern. The method includes: evacuating a processing chamber, thereby reducing an internal pressure of the processing chamber from a standard pressure to a first target pressure lower than the standard pressure; introducing a solvent vapor-containing atmosphere into the processing chamber, thereby bringing the internal pressure back to the standard pressure; dissolving the resist film by a solvent contained in the solvent vapor-containing atmosphere; and evacuating a processing chamber, thereby reducing the internal pressure to a second target pressure higher than the first target pressure and lower than the standard pressure and discharging the solvent vapor-containing atmosphere from the processing chamber. Owing to the relatively low second target pressure, undesirable deformation of the resist film or defects in the resist film due to rapid evaporation of the solvent penetrated in the resist film can be prevented.
US07670956B2	Beam-induced etching A method and apparatus for local beam processing using a beam activated gas to etch material are described. Compounds are disclosed that are suitable for beam-induced etching. The invention is particularly suitable for electron beam induced etching of chromium materials on lithography masks. In one embodiment, a polar compound, such as ClNO2 gas, is activated by the electron beam to selectively etch a chromium material on a quartz substrate. By using an electron beam in place of an ion beam, many problems associated with ion beam mask repair, such as staining and riverbedding, are eliminated. Endpoint detection is not critical because the electron beam and gas will not etch significantly the substrate.

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