Patient monitoring and data processing system
阅读：619发布：2024-01-01
专利汇可以提供Patient monitoring and data processing system专利检索，专利查询，专利分析的服务。并且A physiological monitoring system for use with patients who are critically ill utilizes a system structure which is inherently modular, easily expandable, computer compatible, and ''''fail soft''''. The system is composed of bedside units, central station units and a central processing unit. Patient information such as dynamic waveforms, derived physiological parameters, physiological alarms, trend graphs and multi-parameter plots are provided in addition to such system information as alarm limits and system alarms. The system structure is based upon use of digital data buses which interconnect the units located at the bedside, central station and central processor. The digital data buses provide two-way communication between the system units and yet have a relatively small number of conductors for the amount of information exchanged between the units. The digital data buses are operated in a synchronous mode wherein data words appear on the buses in a predetermined time relationship relative to repetitive synchronizing pulses. Both the transmitter which is generating a given data word on a given data bus and all intended receivers of the data, access that given data word simultaneously after each has counted the same number of intervals from the synchronizing pulse to the predetermined time slot.，下面是Patient monitoring and data processing system专利的具体信息内容。
1. A patient monitoring and data handling system for use with hospitalized patients, comprising: a. a plurality of data sending units for being placed in the vicinity of a hospitalized patient and having means for producing digital data words representative of information pertinent to a patient and a plurality of data receiving units for being placed in the vicinity of said patient and having means for receiving digital words pertinent to monitoring a patient, each of said digital words being assigned to a particular time slot in a sequence of time slots, b. first data bus means having a conductor for each bit in a data word to permit parallel transmission of the bits comprising a word, c. means for connecting said sending and receiving units, respectively, to said data bus, said last named means each including gate means and gate enabling means associated with each sending and receiving unit for selectively transmitting data words between an associated sending unit and said data bus and between said data bus and an associated receiving unit when gate means associated with a sending unit and gate means associated with a receiving unit are simultaneously enabled in time correspondence with occurrence of a time slot to which the word to be transmitted is assigned, d. a source of constant rate clock pulses, said clock pulses corresponding with said sequence of time slots, e. means for generating a sync pulse signal in response to occurrence of repeatable numbers of clock pulses, f. pulse counting means associated with each sending and receiving unit and each counting means responding to occurrence of each sync pulse signal by simultaneously initiating counting of clock pulses and continuing to count selected predetermined numbers of ensuing clock pulses so that a counting means associated with at least one of said receiving units reaches its predetermined number of counts in coincidence with counting means associated with at least one sending unit reaching its predetermined number of counts between which units data assigned to a time slot corresponding with occurrence of said coincidence may be exchanged, g. the said gate means associated with the said ones of said sending and receiving units, respectively, being enabled to respond to said coincidence for said transmitting of said data words and other of said gate means for words assigned to other time slots being enabled sequentially in response to other coincidences at predetermined times whereby respective sending units operate synchronously with receiving units that are intended to receive data from said sending units.
2. The system set forth in claim 1 including: a. latch means for storing one of said digital word signals, said latch means being coupled to one of said gate means.
2. means for successively sampling the amplitude of said waveform and means for converting waveform amplitudes to digital representations thereof, and
2. physiological parameter sensing means adapted to be coupled to a patient for producing an analog signal that is functionally related to said parameter, said analog signal being coupled to said input means,
3. said decoding means associated with said last named sending means being set to operate corresponding gate means so as to couple to said data bus means in rapid succession digital words representations of the existing amplitude of said waveform.
3. analog-to-digital conversion means for converting samples of said analog signal to corresponding digital words comprised of binary signals, and
3. The system set forth in claim 2 wherein: a. at least one of said bedside station receiving units includes oscilloscope display means for displaying said parameter in correspondence with its original analog form, and b. digital-to-analog conversion means associated with said display means for converting parameter indicative digital words to corresponding analog signal for driving said oscilloscope display means.
4. The system set forth in claim 2 wherein: a. at least one of said bedside station receiving units includes oscilloscope display means for displaying said parameter in alphanumeric form, and b. means for converting said parameter representative digital word signals to signals for driving said alphanumeric display means.
4. means for coupling said digital words to said gate means, whereby response of said gate means to predetermined control signals will place said words during their assigned time slots on said data bus means.
5. The system set forth in claim 1 characterized by: a. a bedside station including at least one of said sending units and at least one of said receiving units, b. said bedside station sending unit comprising a functional unit including input means for coupling to a patient parameter sensing device to derive analog signals therefrom representative of a patient parameter, c. each of said functional units including analog signal conditioning means, analog-to-digital word conversion means responsive to said analog signals, digital word storage means and interface means and means for coupling and uncoupling each of said functional units to and from said data bus means independently of any other units connected to said bus means.
6. The system set forth in claim 1 characterized by: a. a bedside station including at least one of said sending units comprising a keyboard means, said keyboard means being operative to produce predetermined unique selectable system command digital words for being transmitted by way of said data bus means to a receiving unit for controlling said receiving unit.
7. The system set forth in claim 1 wherein: a. said data bus means conductors have a single conductor for said clock pulse and said sync pulse signals and a conductor for each binary digit comprising a digital word.
8. The invention set forth in claim 1 including: a. means associated with each sending unit for establishing a parity bit for each digital word sent to said bus, b. means at each receiving unit for checking the parity of each received word, and c. said data bus conductors including a single conductor for said clock pulse and sync pulse signals, a conductor for parity bits and a conductor for each binary digit comprising a word.
9. The system set forth in claim 1 wherein: a. said data bus comprises no more than 10 Conductors.
10. The system set forth in claim 8 wherein: a. said data bus comprises no more than 10 conductors.
11. The system set forth in claim 2 including: a. a central station for monitoring the condition of one or more patients at said bedside station and for displaying and generating data, b. said central station including receiving unit means comprising oscilloscope means for displaying data in alphanumeric form said data corresponding with data represented by digital words from said selected ones of said sending means, c. said central station including receiving unit means comprising oscilloscope means for displaying dynamic waveforms represented by digital data words from sending units in the system and including receiving unit means comprising means for converting digital data from said sending means to a corresponding analog signal and strip chart recorder means responsive to said last named analog signal by producing hard copy of physiological waveforms represented by said digital data words from sending units in the system, d. central data bus means associated with said central station and having a plurality of conductors, e. a plurality of interface means respectively coupling said receiving units to said data bus means at said central station, and f. means including interface means for coupling said central station data bus means and said first data bus means.
12. The system set forth in claim 11 including: a. sending unit means comprising keyboard means in said central station, said keyboard means being operative to produce digital data words representative of commands and data for use by selected receiving units in said central station and said bedside station, and b. interface means coupling said keyboard means to said central station data bus means.
13. The system set forth in claim 1 including: a. a central station for monitoring the condition of one or more remotely located patients and for displaying and generating data, b. at least one sending unit and at least one receiving unit in said central station, c. central station data bus means, d. a plurality of interface means for coupling said units, respectively, in said central station to said central station data bus means, and e. means for coupling said central station data bus means to said first data bus means.
14. The system set forth in claim 13 wherein: a. said bedside data bus means and said central station data bus means have the same number of conductors.
15. The system set forth in claim 13 including: a. a processing unit station remote from said central station and said bedside station, b. computer means at said processing unit station, c. processing unit station data bus means, d. interface means coupling said computer means to said processing unit data bus means to permit bidirectional exchange of data words between said computer means and said processing unit station data bus means, and e. means coupling said processing unit station data bus means to said central station data bus means.
16. The invention set forth in claim 15 wherein: a. said processing unit station data bus means and said central station data bus means have the same number of conductors.
17. A system for handling data pertinent to at least one hospitalized patient, said system being characterized by having at least one bedside station to which said patient may be in proximity and including one or more digital data sending units and one or more digital data receiving units, said units being operative to send and receive data respectively during existence of a time slot assigned to said units from a sequence of time slots, said system being characterized further by use of a data format wherein discrete digital data words used in the system are assigned to said time slots, respectively, said system further comprising: a. means associated with said sending unit for producing digital data words representative of information pertinent to said patient, b. data bus means associated with said bedside station, said bus means having at least as many conductors as there are bits in the data word having the largest number of bits of any word to be sent in said system to permit parallel transmission of the bits comprising a word, c. said data sending units and said data receiving units being at said bedside station, d. means for controlling said sending units to transmit digital data words to said data bus during the existence of the time slots to which said words are respectively assigned and means for controlling said receiving units to accept from said data bus only those digital words in time slots corresponding with their respective assigned time slots whereby to effect selective transmission of words exclusively from a designated sending unit to one or more receiving units, e. a source of a clock pulse train and means for encoding sync pulse information periodically in said pulse train, f. means for coupling said sync pulse train to one of said data bus conductors, g. decoding means associated with each of said sending and receiving units, respectively, said decoding means being settable, respectively, to produce a control pulse corresponding in time with a predetermined time slot, and h. gate means coupling said sending and receiving units, respectively, to said data bus, said gate means being responsive to coincident control pulses at said sending and receiving units to gate the word assigned to the determined time slot from said sending unit to said data bus and from said bus to said one or more receiving units within the same time slots.
18. The system set forth in claim 17 wherein: a. at least one of said sending units at said bedside station comprises:
19. The system set forth in claim 18 wherein: a. at least one of said receiving units at said bedside station comprises analog signal display means including oscilloscope means, and b. said receiving unit having means for converting digital word signals taken from said bus during predetermined time slots to signals for driving said oscilloscope means whereby to recompose said analog signal.
20. The system set forth in claim 17 wherein: a. at least one of said sending units at said bedside station comprises:
21. The system set forth in claim 20 wherein: a. said decoding means include means which are set to decode consecutive blocks comprised of equal numbers of digital words, the number of blocks times the number of words in a block constituting the number of words in a train which corresponds with the number of time slots, and b. said decoding means producing a control signal for said gate means for corresponding time slots in each block, said digitized waveform samples occurring in each block at least once to thereby provide for high resolution of said waveform.
22. The system set forth in claim 21 wherein: a. there are 128 blocks in a work train and the clock pulse frequency is such that said blocks are repeated at least 4 times per second whereby to obtain waveform resolution of 512 samples per second.
23. The system set forth in claim 20 wherein: a. said decoding means includes means which are set to decode consecutive blocks comprised of equal numbers of digital words, the number of blocks times the number of words in a block constituting the number of words in a train, b. said decoding means producing a control signal for said gate means for corresponding time slots in every fourth block, and c. there being 128 blocks occurring 4 times per second whereby said time slots for said digitized waveform samples occur at the same medium resolution rate of 128 sampes per second.
24. The system set forth in claim 17 wherein: a. said sync pulses occur 4 times per second and the clock pulse frequency is such that 2,048 time slot defining pulse intervals defining a train of an equal number of data words occur between each of said sync pulses.
25. The system set forth in claim 17 wherein: a. at least one of said sending units is adapted to send direct line commands to a predetermined receiving unit in said system to effect operation of said receiving unit, b. means in said sending unit for producing selected digital words constituting an encoded command signal, and c. said command signals being assigned to time slots which are repeated at equal intervals of time slots whereby to provide a sustained train of the same command signals.
26. The system set forth in claim 17 wherein: a. said train of time slots is divided into blocks of time slots each of which is comprised of a predetermined equal number of time slots for digital words, each block having a predetermined word time slot for one or more system command words corresponding in position with the time slot for those words in the next ensuing block, and b. said decoding means for said sending and receiving units, respectively determining each time block and a producing said control pulse upon occurrence of said command words, whereby a particular command word may be presented one or more times in each block so as to provide substantially continuous selected commands from said sending unit to said receiving unit.
27. The system set forth in claim 17 wherein: a. said data bus has no more than 10 conductors, 8 for said word bits, 1 for said sync signal encoded clock pulses and 1 for parity bits.
28. The system set forth in claim 17 including: a. a central station remote from said bedside station, said central station having at least one of said sending units and at least one of said receiving units, b. a central station data bus means, c. means coupling said central station sending and receiving units to said central station data bus, and d. means coupling said central station data bus to said bedside station data bus.
29. The system set forth in claim 28 wherein: a. at least one of said central station receiving units comprises data display means including oscilloscope means, and b. means for converting selected ones of said digital data words received by said unit to signals for controlling said oscilloscope means.
30. The system set forth in claim 28 including: a. a central processing unit station remote from said central station, b. said processing unit station including computer means for storing data generated by said sending units and for generating new data from said stored data such that said new data may be transferred to at least one of said receiving units, c. said processing unit station including data bus means, and d. means for coupling said central station data bus means to said processing unit station data bus means.
31. The system set forth in claim 28 wherein: a. said bedside station data bus means and said central station data bus means have an equal number of conductors.
32. The system set forth in claim 30 wherein: a. all of said data bus means have an equal number of conductors.
33. The system set forth in claim 30 wherein: a. all of said sending and receiving unit means are connected in parallel with their associated bus means to enable adding or removing sending and receiving units without affecting data word exchanges between pre-existing predetermined ones of said units or units which remain, respectively.
34. The system set forth in claim 1 wherein at least one of said means for producing digital words is constructed and arranged to produce said words at one predetermined rate and at least another of said means for producing digital words is constructed and arranged to produce said words at another predetermined rate, said rates depending on the demands of the system for the type of data sent by said one and another means.
35. The system set forth in claim 1 including a plurality of functional units at said bedside station in proximity with said patient, at least one of said functional units including sensor means adapted to be coupled with said patient to derive analog signals representative of a physiological parameter of said patient, means for converting said analog signals to parameter representative digital words for being gated to said data bus.
36. The system set forth in claim 1 including means for producing system command words for being gated to said bus to control said system, said command words being assigned to individual time slots.
37. The apparatus set forth in claim 36 wherein said commands producible by said command word producing means include direct line commands characterized by digital words comprised of selected ones and zeros, means coupled to said bus and subject, respectively, to being commanded selectively to perform a function in correspondence with a particular bit position in said word being a one or a zero, said particular bits thereby constituting continuous bit streams representing individual commands.
38. The apparatus set forth in claim 36 wherein said commands producible by said command word producing means include digital data words comprised of zero and one bits, said words being assigned to particular time slots, said words respectively comprising code bits corresponding with the type and destination of the command and command bits corresponding with the command.
39. The apparatus set forth in claim 38 wherein at least some of said command words, respectively, are selected from a class of words corresponding with commanding setting of alarm limits, changing data display formats, initiating test procedures and controlling a strip chart recorder.
40. A system for monitoring hospitalized patients and for transmitting data pertinent to said patient in and between a bedside station and one or more stations remote from said bedside station, comprising: a. means at said bedside station for obtaining from a patient at said station signals representative of information pertinent to said patient, b. means for converting said signals to data words in binary digital form, each of said words being assigned to a particular time slot in a sequence of time slots, c. data bus means at said bedside station having a plurality of conductors including at least one conductor for each bit in a data word to permit parallel transmission of the bits comprising a word, d. at least one data sending unit and at least one data receiving unit at said bedside station, e. said sending unit including gate means selectively operable to gate converted digital words produced by said converting means onto said data bus at times corresponding with the time slots to which the digital words are respectiveLy assigned, f. said receiving unit including gate means selectively operable to gate digital words off of said data bus at times corresponding with the time slots to which the digital words are respectively assigned, g. means associated with said receiving unit for utilizing digital words gated from said bus, h. a second station situated remotely from said bedside station and having at least one data receiving unit, i. second data bus means at said remote station and having a plurality of conductors including at least one conductor for each bit in a data word to be carried thereby to permit parallel transmission of the bits comprising a word, j. said remote receiving unit including gate means selectively operable to gate digital words off of said second data bus at times corresponding with the time slots to which the digital words are respectively assigned, k. means associated with said remote receiving unit for utilizing digital words gated from said second data bus, and l. means for coupling said bedside station data bus to said remote second data bus.
41. The system set forth in claim 40 including: a. a source of constant rate clock pulses, said clock pulses corresponding, respectively, with said time slots in said sequence, b. means for generating a sync pulse in response to occurrence of a repeatable number of clock pulses, c. pulse counting means associated with each sending and receiving unit, each counting means responding to occurrence of each sync pulse by simultaneously initiating counting of clock pulses and continuing to count selected predetermined numbers of ensuring clock pulses so that a counting means associated with at least one of said receiving units reaches its predetermined number of counts in coincidence with counting means associated with at least one sending unit reaching its predetermined number of counts between which units digital data words corresponding with occurrence of said coincidence may be exchanged, d. said gate means associated with said sending and receiving units, respectively, being enabled to respond to said coincidence for gating said data words of a particular time slot and prohibiting gating of words assigned to other time slots.
42. The system set forth in claim 40 including: a. means at said second station for generating digital data words which are assigned to a predetermined time slot, b. a sending unit including gate means selectively operable to gate digital words from said word generating means to said second data bus at times corresponding with the time slot to which the words from said generating means are assigned.
43. The system set forth in claim 42 including: a. a source of constant rate clock pulses, said clock pulses corresponding, respectively, with said time slots in said sequence, b. means for generating sync pulses in response to occurrence of a repeatable number of clock pulses, and c. counting means associated with said last named sending unit for counting clock pulses from said source upon occurrence of a sync pulse and responsive to counting a predetermined number of pulses up to the one corresponding to the time slot of the word from said sending unit by enabling said last named gate means for gating said word to said second data bus means.
44. The system set forth in claim 40 including: a. one or more additional bedside stations, b. data bus means at each of said additional stations for transmitting digital data words pertinent to said patient to and from said station, each of said data bus means having a conductor for each digit in said words, and c. means for coupling said data bus means of each additional station to said second data bus means at said remote station.
45. A system for generating and for utilizing data pertinent to a hospitalized patient, comprising: a. a bedside station and means at said station for producing binary digital words representative of information Pertinent to said patient in said station, said words being assigned to a discrete time slot, b. a remote station, c. means at said bedside station for utilizing digital words pertinent to said patient and produced at said station or at a remote station, said utilizing means using words assigned respectively to a discrete time slot, d. means at said remote station for producing binary digital data words pertinent to said patient, said words being assigned respectively to a discrete time slot, e. means at said remote station for utilizing digital data words pertinent to said patient, said words being assigned respectively to a discrete time slot, f. first data bus means at said bedside station and a second data bus means at said remote station, each of said data bus means having a plurality of conductors including one for each bit in said digital words that are to be transmitted by said buses, g. means for interconnecting said buses, h. means for generating a repeatable train of clock pulses and means for producing a sync pulse periodically in response to occurrence of repeatable numbers of clock pulses, each of said clock pulses corresponding with a discrete time slot, i. means for coupling said sync pulse and clock pulse train to one conductor in said data buses, respectively, j. coupling means for coupling each of said digital word producing means and each said digital word utilizing means to one and another of said data bus means, each of said coupling means including gate means for being enabled selectively to gate digital data words to and from said data bus means, k. pulse counting means for each coupling means, sid pulse counting means each receiving said sync and clock pulses and each counting a preset number of clock pulses up to the assigned time slot for a digital word that is to be produced or used by said producing and utilizing means, respectively, all counting means reaching the same time slot coincidentally causing the gate means of word producing and word utilizing means whose words are assigned to said time slot to become enabled and other of said gate means for words assigned to other time slots becoming enabled sequentially when other coincidences occur.
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