专利汇可以提供System and method for managing and evaluating network commodities purchasing专利检索,专利查询,专利分析的服务。并且A method and system for managing and evaluating commodities purchasing over a network of distributed computing devices. In one embodiment, the method allows a plurality of buyers to generate one request for quote and, response to the request for quote, receive a quote from plurality of vendors. The system of the present invention provides a price normalization routine that allows buyers to evaluate and compare a normalized price for commodity products having different evaluation parameters. In an arrangement comprising a plurality of computers connected to a network said plurality of computers including at least one server, at least one buyer client computer and a plurality of seller client computers, the method for providing commodities exchange services first provides a web-based browsable display describing at least one commodities exchange service. The system then receives at least one request for quote from the buyer. The system then receives at least one quote from different sellers, wherein each quote may have a different price and quantity listed. The system then compares to one or more selected metrics and normalizes the prices received from the different quotes, thus, allowing the buyer to readily compare the prices of a number of commodity items having inherently different values. In one embodiment, the system of the present invention also provides a method for multi-value cross compilation of sales transactions, iterative quote information, and metric data for purposes of evaluation and strategy analysis.,下面是System and method for managing and evaluating network commodities purchasing专利的具体信息内容。
The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as follows:
This invention generally relates to electronic commerce software applications and, more particularly, to a method and system relating to commodities purchasing over a network of distributed computing devices.
Commodity items such as lumber, agricultural products, metals, and livestock/meat are usually traded in the open market between a number of buyers and sellers. The sales transactions of most commodity items involve a number of parameters. For instance, in the trade of commodity lumber, a buyer usually orders materials by specifying parameters such as lumber species, grade, size (i.e. 2×4, 2×10, etc.) and length, as well as the “tally” or mix of units of various lengths within shipment, method of transportation (i.e., rail or truck), shipping terms (i.e., FOB or delivered), and desired date of receipt, with each parameter influencing the value of the commodity purchase. Given the multiple possible combinations of factors, a commodity buyer often finds it difficult to objectively compare similar but unequal offerings among competing vendors.
For example, in a case where a lumber buyer desires to order a railcar load of spruce (SPF) 2×4's of #2 & Better grade, the buyer would query vendors offering matching specie and grade carloads seeking the best match for the buyer's need or tally preference at the lowest market price. Lumber carloads are quoted at a price per thousand board feet for all material on the railcar. In a market where the shipping parameters are not identical, it is very difficult for buyers to determine the comparative value of unequal offerings.
Typically a lumber buyer will find multiple vendors each having different offerings available. For example, a railcar of SPF 2×4's may be quoted at rate of $300/MBF (thousand board feet) by multiple vendors. Even though MBF price is equal, one vendor's carload may represent significantly greater marketplace value because it contains the more desirable lengths of 2×4's, such as builder preferred sixteen foot 2×4's. When the offering price varies in addition to the mix of lengths, it becomes increasingly difficult to compare quotes from various vendors. Further, because construction projects often require long lead times, the lumber product may need to be priced now, but not delivered until a time in the future. Alternately, another specie of lumber (i.e. southern pine) may represent an acceptable substitute.
Therefore, from the foregoing, there is a need for a method and system that allows buyers to evaluate the price of commodity offerings possessing varying shipping parameters.
The present invention provides a system and method for managing and evaluating commodities purchasing over a network of distributed computing devices. In one embodiment, the method allows a plurality of buyers to generate one request for quote and, in response to the request for quote, receive a quote from plurality of vendors. The system of the present invention provides a price normalization routine that allows buyers to evaluate and compare a normalized price for commodity products having different evaluation parameters. In an arrangement comprising a plurality of computers connected to a network, said plurality of computers including: at least one server; at least one buyer client computer; and a plurality of seller client computers, the method for providing commodities exchange services first provides a web-based browsable display describing at least one commodities exchange service. The system then receives at least one request for quote (RFQ) from the buyer. Responsive to the RFQ, the system then receives at least one quote from different sellers, where each quote may have a different price and quantity listed. The system then normalizes the prices received from the different quotes by applying a metric factor to the quote to produce an adjusted price. The adjusted price then allows the buyer to readily compare the prices of a number of commodity items having inherently different values to an objective measure. In addition, the system tracks all transactional activity and provides a cross compilation tool for evaluation and analysis.
The foregoing aspects and many of the attendant advantages of this invention will become more readily appreciated as the same become better understood by reference to the following detailed description, when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
The term “Internet” refers to the collection of networks and routers that use the Internet Protocol (IP) to communicate with one another. A representative section of the Internet 100 as known in the prior art is shown in
The World Wide Web (WWW), on the other hand, is vast collection of interconnected, electronically stored information located on servers connected throughout the Internet 100. Many companies are now providing services and access to their content over the Internet 100 using the WWW. In accordance with the present invention and as shown in
The buyers of a market commodity may, through their computers 235, request information about a plurality of items or order over the Internet 100 via a Web browser installed on the buyers' computers. Responsive to such requests, the information server 230, also referred to as a server 230, may combine the first buyer's information with information from other buyers on other computing devices 235. The server 230 then transmits the combined buyer data to the respective computing devices 250 associated with the plurality of buyers. Details of this process are described in more detail below in association with
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that in other embodiments of the present invention, the capabilities of the server 230 and/or the client computing devices 235 and 250 may all be embodied in the other configurations. Consequently, it would be appreciated that in these embodiments, the server 230 could be located on any computing device associated with the buyer or seller's computing devices. Additionally, those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that while only four buyer computing devices 235, four seller computing devices 250, and one server 230 are depicted in
The buyers' computer 235 also includes a processing unit 305, a display 310, and a memory 300 all interconnected along with the network interface 315 via a bus 360. The memory 300 generally comprises a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM) and a permanent mass storage device, such as a disk drive. The memory 300 stores the program code necessary for requesting and/or depicting a desired route over the Internet 100 in accordance with the present invention. More specifically, the memory 300 stores a Web browser 330, such as Netscape's NAVIGATOR or Microsoft's INTERNET EXPLORER browsers, used in accordance with the present invention for depicting a desired route over the Internet 100. In addition, memory 300 also stores an operating system 320 and a communications application 325. It will be appreciated that these software components may be stored on a computer-readable medium and loaded into memory 300 of the buyers' computer 235 using a drive mechanism associated with the computer-readable medium, such as a floppy, tape or CD-ROM drive.
As will be described in more detail below, the user interface which allows products to be ordered by the buyers are supplied by a remote server, i.e., the information server 230 located elsewhere on the Internet as illustrated in
The information server 230 also includes a processing unit 415, a display 440, and a mass memory 450 all interconnected along with the network interface 410 via a bus 460. The mass memory 450 generally comprises a random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), and a permanent mass storage device, such as a hard disk drive, tape drive, optical drive, floppy disk drive, or combination thereof. The mass memory 450 stores the program code and data necessary for incident and route analysis as well as supplying the results of that analysis to consumers in accordance with the present invention. More specifically, the mass memory 450 stores a metrics application 425 formed in accordance with the present invention for managing the purchase forums of commodities products. In addition, mass memory 450 stores a database 445 of buyer information continuously logged by the information server 230 for statistical market analysis. It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the database 445 of product and buyer information may also be stored on other servers or storage devices connected to the either the information server 230 or the Internet 100. Finally, mass memory 450 stores Web server software 430 for handling requests for stored information received via the Internet 100 and the WWW, and an operating system 420. It will be appreciated that the aforementioned software components may be stored on a computer-readable medium and loaded into mass memory 450 of the information server 230 using a drive mechanism associated with the computer-readable medium, such as floppy, tape or CD-ROM drive. In addition, the data stored in the mass memory 450 and other memory can be “exposed” to other computers or persons for purposes of communicating data. Thus, “exposing” data from a computing device could mean transmitting data to another device or person, transferring XML data packets, transferring data within the same computer, or other like forms of data communications.
In accordance with one embodiment of the present invention,
In summary, the creation of the RFQ consists of at least one buyer initially entering general user identification information to initiate the process. The buyer would then define a Line Item on a Web page displaying an RFQ form. The Line Item is defined per industry specification and units of product are grouped as a “tally” per industry practice. The pooling process 500 allows buyers to combine RFQ Line Items with other buyers with like needs. In one embodiment, the pool buy feature is created by a graphical user interface where the RFQ Line Items from a plurality of buyers is displayed on a Web page to one of the pool buyers, referred to as the pool administrator. The server 230 also provides a Web-based feature allowing the pool administrator to selectively add each RFQ Line Item to one combined RFQ. The combined RFQ is then sent to at least one vendor or seller. This feature provides a forum for pooling the orders of many buyers, which allows individual entities or divisions of larger companies to advantageously bid for larger orders, thus providing them with more bidding power and the possibility of gaining a lower price.
The pooling process 500 begins in a step 501 where a buyer initiates the process by providing buyer purchase data. In step 501, the buyer accesses a Web page transmitted from the server 230 configured to receive the buyer purchase data, also referred to as the product specification data set or the Line Item data. One exemplary Web page for the logic of step 501 is depicted in
Returning to
At a step 503, if the buyer does not elect to participate in a pool buy, the process continues to a step 513 where the server 230 generates a request for a quote (RFQ) from the buyer's Line Item data. A detailed description of how the server 230 generates a request for a quote (RFQ) is summarized below and referred to as the purchase order process 600A depicted in
Alternatively at the decision block 503, if the buyer elects to participate in a pool buy, the process continues to a step 505 where the system notifies other buyers logged into the server 230 that an RFQ is available in a pool, allowing other buyers to add additional Line Items (tallies) to the RFQ. In this part of the process, the Line Items from each buyer are received by and stored in the server memory. The Line Items provided by each buyer in the pool are received by the server 230 using the same process as described above with reference to block 501 and the Web page of
At a decision block 509, the server 230 determines if the pool administrator has closed the pool. The logic of this step 509 is executed when the server 230 receives the combined RFQ data from the pool administrator. The pool administrator can send the combined RFQ data to the server 230 via an HTML form or by other electronic messaging means such as email or URL strings. Once the server 230 has determined that the pool is closed, the process continues to block 510 where the Line Items from each buyer (the combined RFQ) is sent to all of the buyers in the pool. The process then continues to the step 513 where the server 230 sends the combined RFQ to the vendors or sellers.
Referring now to
The purchase-negotiation process 600 begins at a step 601 where the RFQ, as generated by one buyer or a pool of buyers in the process depicted in
In the process of step 603, the vendors respond to the RFQ by sending their price quote to the server 230 for display via a Web page to the buyer or buyer pool. Generally described, the vendors send an HTML form or an email message with a price and description of the order. The description of the order in the quote message contains the same order information as the RFQ.
Returning to
Returning again to
Next, at a step 609, the buyer or the administrator of the buyer pool, compares the various products and prices quoted by the vendors along with the normalized price for each Line Item on the RFQ. In this part of the process, the buyer may decide to purchase one of the products from a particular vendor and sends a notification to the selected vendor indicating the same. The buyer notifies the selected vendor by the use of an electronic means via the server 230, such as an HTML form, a chat window, email, etc. For example, the quote Web page depicted in
If the buyer is not satisfied with any of the listed vendor quotes, the server 230 allows the buyer to further negotiate with one or more of the vendors to obtain a new quote. This step is shown in decision block 611, where the buyer makes the determination to either accept a quoted price or proceed to a step 613 where they negotiate with the vendor to obtain another quote or present a counter offer. Here, the server 230 provides a graphical user interface configured to allow the buyer and one vendor to electronically communicate, such as a chat window, streaming voice communications or other standard methods of communication. There are many forms of electronic communications known in the art that can be used to allow the buyer and vendors to communicate.
The buyer and seller negotiate various quotes and iterate through several steps 603–613 directed by the server 230, where each quote is normalized, compared and further negotiated until quote is accepted by the buyer or negotiations cease. While the buyer and seller negotiate the various quotes, the server 230 stores each quote until the two parties agree on a price. At any step during the negotiation process, the system always presents the buyer with an option to terminate the negotiation if dissatisfied with the quote(s).
At decision block 611, when a buyer agrees on a quoted price, the process then continues to a step 615 where the buyer sends a notification message to the vendor indicating they have accepted a quote. As described above with reference to steps 603–613, the buyer notification message of step 615 may be in the form of a message on a chat window, email, by an HTML form, or the like. However, the buyer notification must be transmitted in a format that allows the system to record the transaction. The buyer notification may include all of the information regarding the specifications by RFQ Line Item, such as, but not limited to, the buy price, date and method of shipment, and payment terms.
The purchase-negotiation process 600 is then finalized when the system, as shown in a step 617, sends a confirmation message to a tracking system. The confirmation message includes all of the information related to the agreed sales transaction.
Optionally, the process includes a step 619, where the server 230 stores all of the information related to RFQ, offers, and the final sales transaction in a historical database. This would allow the server 230 to use all of the transaction information in an analysis process for providing an improved method of obtaining a lower market price in future transactions and in identifying optimum purchasing strategy. The analysis process is described in further detail below. Although the illustrated embodiment is configured to store the data related to the sales transactions, the system can also be configured to store all of the iterative quote information exchanged between the buyer and vendor.
Referring now to
The unsolicited offer process 650 begins at a step 651 where the plurality of vendors are able to submit offers to the server 230. This part of the process is executed in manner similar to step 603 of
Next, at a step 653, a buyer views the offers stored on the server 230. This part of the process is carried out in a manner similar to the process of step 603 or 607 where the server 230 displays a plurality of offers similar to the tallies depicted in
Next, at a step 655, the buyer selects a metric for the calculation of the normalized price associated with the selected offer. As described in more detail below, metrics may come from publicly available information, i.e., price of futures contracts traded on the Chicago Mercantile Exchange, subscription services such as Crowes™ or Random Lengths™, or internally generated metrics derived from the data stored in the server 230. The normalization calculation, otherwise referred to as the normalization process, occurs each time the buyer views a different offer, and the normalization calculation uses the most current metric data for each calculation. The normalization process is carried out because each vendor will most likely offer products that may vary from products of other vendors, and have a different tally configuration from those supplied by other vendors. The normalization of the pricing allows the buyers to compare the relative value of the different products offered by the number of vendors. The metric price for each selected offer is displayed in a similar manner as the metric price 815 and 816 shown in the Web page of
Next, at decision block 657, the buyer selects at least one offer for purchase. This is similar to the process of
Referring now to
The process starts at a step 701 where the buyer selects a program catalog. The program catalog provides buyers with the published or pre-negotiated price of the desired products. Next, at a step 703, based on the catalog information, the buyer then enters their purchase data. Similar to the step 501 of
The process then proceeds to decision block 707 where the buyer makes a determination of whether to purchase the items using the catalog price, or purchase the desired product in the open market. Here, the server 230 allows the user to make this determination by displaying the metric price of each catalog price. This format is similar to the metric price 815 and 816 displayed in
At decision block 707, if the buyer determines that the catalog price is better than a selected metric price, the process then proceeds to steps 709, 711, and 713, where a program buy from the catalog is executed, and the buyer's purchase information is stored on the server 230 and sent to the vendor's system to confirm the sale. These steps 711–713 are carried out in the same manner as the confirmation and save steps 617 and 619 as shown in
At decision block 707, if the buyer determines that the metric price is better than the catalog price, the process continues to a step 717 where the buyers purchase data is entered into an RFQ. At this step, the process carries out the first five steps 601–609 of the method of
At decision block 721, if the buyer proceeds with the catalog purchase, the process continues to step 709 where the catalog purchase is executed. The steps 709–713 used to carry out the catalog purchase are the same as if the buyer had selected the catalog purchase in step 707. However, if at decision block 721 the buyer selects the option to proceed with the market purchase, the process continues to a step 723 where the RFQ generated in step 717 is sent to the vendor. Here, the process carries out the steps of
Optionally, the process can include a step where the server 230 stores all of the information related to program buy and metric comparisons, and the final sales transaction in a historical database. This would allow the server 230 to use all of the transaction information in an analysis process for providing an improved method of obtaining the value of the program. Although the illustrated embodiment is configured to store the data related to the sales transactions, the system can also be configured to store all of the iterative quote information exchanged between the buyer and vendor.
The analysis process allows the server 230 to utilize the sales history records stored in steps 619 and 711 to generate price reports for various third parties as well as provide a means of calculating current market prices for products sold in the above-described methods. The sales history records are also used as the source for a metric such as those used in the process of
Referring now to
Next, at a step 910, routine 900 iteratively calculates the board footage (BF) of each type of lumber. Once all the totals are calculated for each type, routine 900 continues to a step 915 where the server 230 calculates the total type price.
At step 915, routine 900 iteratively calculates the total type price for the amount of each type of lumber specified in the quote. The is accomplished by taking the total board footage (BF), calculated in block 910 and multiplying the total BF by the price per MBF specified in the quote. Once all the prices are calculated for each type, routine 900 continues to a step 920 where the server 230 calculates total quoted price. At step 920 the routine 900 calculates the total price for the quote by summing all the total type prices calculated at step 915.
At a step 925, routine 900 iteratively retrieves the most current price for each type of lumber specified in the quote from a predefined metric source(s). Metrics may come from publicly available information, i.e. price of futures contracts traded on the Chicago Mercantile Exchange, subscription service publications such as Crowes™ or Random Lengths™, or internally generated metrics derived from the server database. Once all the prices are retrieved for each type, at a step 930 the routine 900 then iteratively calculates the market price for the quantity of each type of lumber in quote. Once the totals for all types are calculated, routine 900 continues to a step 935 where the routine 900 calculates the total market price for the quote by summing all the most current prices calculated in step 930. Although this example illustrates that steps 910–920 are executed before steps 925–935, these two groups of steps can be executed in any order, or in parallel, so long as they are both executed before a comparison step 940.
At step 940, routine 900 compares the total quoted to the metric price to arrive at a comparative value. In one exemplary embodiment of the current invention the comparative value is a “percent of metric” value. A value higher than one (1) percent indicates a price that is above the metric rate, and a lower percent indicates a price that is below the metric rate.
The operation of the routine 900 can be further illustrated through an example utilizing specific exemplary data. In the example, a buyer sends out a request for quote (RFQ) requesting a lot of 2×4 S&B lumber consisting of five units of 2″×4″×8′, two units of 2″×4″×14′, and five units of 2″×4″×16′. The buyer then receives quotes from three sellers. Seller A responds with a tally of six units of 2″×4″×8′, four units of 2″×4″×14′, and three units of 2″×4″×16′ for $287 per thousand board feet. Seller B responds with a lot of five units of 2″×4″×8′, one unit of 2″×4″×14″, and six units of 2″×4″×16′ for $283 per thousand board feet. Seller C responds with a lot of one unit of 2″×4″×8′, five units of 2″×4″×14′, and five units of 2″×4″×16′ for $282 per thousand board feet. Suppose also that the typical unit size is 294 pieces/unit, and the metric or reported market price for 2″×4″×8's is $287.50, for 2″×4″×14's it is $278.50, and for 2″×4″×16's it is $288.
Viewing the MBF prices for the respective quotes is not particularly informative, given that certain lengths of lumber are more desirable and priced accordingly in the marketplace. By processing the quote from Seller A using routine 900, we arrive at a total MBF of 29.792, giving a total quoted price of $8,550.30. The selected metric price for the same types and quantities of lumber would be $8,471.12; therefore the quoted price would have a percent of market value of 100.93%. Processing the quote from Seller B using routine 900, we arrive at a total MBF of 29.400, giving a total quoted price of $8,320.20. The selected metric price for the same types and quantities of lumber, however, would be $8,437.21; therefore the quoted price would have a percent of market value of 98.61%. Finally, processing the quote from Seller C using routine 900, we arrive at a total MBF of 30.968, giving a total quoted price of $8,732.98. The selected metric price for the same types and quantities of lumber, however, would be $8,767.66; therefore the quoted price would have a percent of market value of 99.38%. By looking at the percent of selected metric value, it is apparent that the price from Seller B is a better value. As shown in the methods of
In yet another example of an application of the normalization process, additional exemplary data is used to demonstrate the analysis of a transaction having one RFQ from a buyer and two different quotes from a seller, normalized to comparable product of another specie. In this example, the buyer produces an RFQ listing the following items: one carload of Eastern SPF (ESPF) lumber having four units of 2″×4″×8′, four units of 2″×4″×10′, six units of 2″×4″×12′, two units of 2″×4″×14′, and six units of 2″×4″×16′. The vendor then responds with two different quotes with two different unit tallies and two different prices. The first response lists a quote price of $320 per thousand board feet and a slight modification of the tally provides four units of 2″×4″×8′, four units of 2″×4″×10′, six units of 2″×4″×12′, three units of 2″×4″×14′, and five units of 2″×4″×6′. The second response quotes per the requested tally at a price of $322 per thousand board feet. Both quotes list the delivery location as “Chicago.”
To display the quotes, the server 230 produces a Web page similar to that displayed in
In review of the normalization process, the buyer must select a metric source for price information for a defined item given a set of attributes, i.e., grade, species, and size. The metric may then be mapped to the RFQ item for comparison and does not have to be equivalent of item. For instance, as explained in the above-described example, it may be desirable to map the market relationship of one commodity item to another. The most current pricing data for the metric is electronically moved from the selected source to the server 230. As mentioned above, metrics may come from publicly available information, (i.e., price of Futures contracts traded on the Chicago Mercantile Exchange), or subscription services, (i.e., Crowes™ or Random Lengths™ Publications), or be an internal metric generated by the server 230. This metric data is used in the normalization process for all calculations, as described with reference to the above-described methods.
While the preferred embodiment of the invention has been illustrated and described, it will be appreciated that within the scope of the appended claims, various changes can be made therein without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, in an agricultural commodity, an order for Wheat U.S. #2 HRW could be compared to a selected metric of Wheat U.S. #2 Soft White, similar to how different species are analyzed in the above-described example.
The above system and method can be used to purchase other commodity items such as in the trade of livestock. In such a variation, order information such as a lumber tally would be substituted for a meat type, grade, and cut. Other examples of commodity items include agricultural products, metals, or any other items of commerce having several order parameters.
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