METHOD AND ASSEMBLY FOR RECOVERING OIL USING ELASTIC VIBRATION ENERGY |
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申请号 | EP10770006.4 | 申请日 | 2010-04-16 | 公开(公告)号 | EP2426311A2 | 公开(公告)日 | 2012-03-07 |
申请人 | Obschestvo S Ogranichennoi Otvetstvennostju "SONOVITA"; | 发明人 | ABRAMOVA, Anna Vladimirovna; BAYAZITOV, Vadim Muratovich; PECHKOV, Andrei Andreevich; | ||||
摘要 | The invention relates to area of oil production, specifically to oil recovery with use of energy of elastic vibrations and can be with high efficiency realized in course of works exceeding 2000 meters. The method for oil recovery with use of energy of elastic vibrations including placements in a well on working depth of downhole apparatus (4), which is connected to aboveground power supply units (2 and 3) and contains ultrasonic transducer (14) that provides for the generation of high frequency elastic vibrations, exciting elastic vibrations of different frequencies and then repeatedly applying the elastic vibrations to the oil formation (pool), wherein both high and low frequency vibrations are applied to the pool, note that the low frequency vibrations are generated with electric-pulse device, which is connected to an aboveground power supply (3) and comprises the following electrically interconnected components: a charger (15), a unit (16) of energy storage capacitors (17), a discharge unit with electrodes (18, 19), and two switching means (21, 22), one of which (21) provides grouping of charging capacitors (17) in one single unit (16) and the second (22) carries out switching of energy storage capacitors (17) from one type of electrical connection to another while impact of elastic vibrations of high frequency is performed in low frequency ultrasonic range, mainly on frequency 18 - 44 kHz and is continued in constant and/or pulse regime with intensity in the range of 1 - 5 Wt/sm2, and impact of elastic vibrations of low frequency is performed with discharge frequency of 0.2 - 0.01 Hz and with energy of single discharge equal to 100 - 800 J, note that DC voltage is supplied from power supply (3) to charger (15) with magnitude in the range of 300 - 150 V before charging energy storage capacitors (17) they are grouped in one single unit (16), charging of the unit (16) of charging capacitors (17) is carried out mainly with parallel connection of capacitors and is continued mainly during 20 seconds up to required level of voltage magnitude, with maximum magnitude equal to 20 - 27 kV. and before discharging of unit (16) of energy storage capacitors (17) providing supply of output voltage on electrodes (18 and 19) of discharging unit, all charging capacitors (17) or part of them are switched into series electrical connection, together with this impact with elastic vibrations of low and high frequency is performed sequentially and/or simultaneously mainly in fixed position of downhole apparatus (4), continued with constant and/or varying electrical and acoustical characteristics of aboveground and/or in-well equipment and technological parameters of oil recovery process and mainly during permanent or periodical pulling out of oil from a well. The device realizing a method according to claim 1 includes aboveground power supply units (2, 3) and downhole apparatus (4) provided with control unit (1), which by electrical cable (5) is connected to aboveground power supply units (2, 3), designed as empty cylindrical body (6) and separated by partitions 7, 8 and 9 into hermetical modules 10, 11, 12 and 13 and contains source of elastic vibrations of high frequency designed as ultrasonic transducer (14) characterised in that it additionally contains source of low frequency elastic vibrations, which developed e.g. on basis of electro-pulse device connected to aboveground power supply (3) and placed in downhole apparatus (4), note that electro-pulse device contains electrically interconnected charger (15) unit (16) of energy storage capacitors (17), discharging unit with electrodes (18 and 19) and two switching means (21 and 22), one of which (21) provides grouping of charging capacitors (17) in one single unit (16) and the second (22) carries out in the unit (16) of energy storage capacitors (17) switching of capacitors from parallel connection to the series one and vice versa from series connection to the parallel one, note that switching means (21 and 22) are designed mainly as one device, which is placed in one module with the unit (16) of energy storage capacitors (17) and modules (11 and 12) of downhole apparatus (4) which contain unit (16) of energy storage capacitors (17) and source of elastic vibrations of high frequency (14) are filled with electro-insulating material (24). |
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权利要求 | |||||||
说明书全文 | The invention relates to the field of oil recovery and, more specifically, to the recovery of oil using elastic vibration energy and with rather high efficiency can be applied for recovering of oil from depths of over 2000 meters. The device for pulse impact on oil formation (pool) with a downhole apparatus is known with working idea based on 'electro-hydraulic effect' allowing to increase productivity of oil pool treatment. In this device downhole apparatus is designed as empty cylindrical body and contains a charger, a unit of energy storage capacitors, a discharge unit with two electrodes and a trigger. The major disadvantages of this device are: big size of a downhole apparatus (roughly diameter is 250 mm, length - 3500 mm) and low energy (not more than 100 - 300 J) of single discharge of energy storage capacities. The use of a downhole apparatus with such energy of discharge does not allow to work with depths of over 1500 - 2000 meters, while vast majority of wells e.g. in Western Siberia of Russian Federation and in Canada have oil formations (pools) on depths of 2500 - 2700 meters and more and its size makes difficult to work in pipe casing with reduced diameter with varying configuration of sections of pool and limits its move to other wells. The second (and most important) disadvantage of this device is caused by 'negative constructive features' of a unit of energy storage capacitors. Normally for increase of discharge energy, capacity energy is increased as discharge energy is equal to half of multiplication of capacity and squared voltage applied. However this leads to considerable size increase of downhole apparatus and makes more difficult use of it. 'Negative constructive features' of the unit of energy storage capacitors of the known device are that capacities both when charging and discharging have parallel electrical connection. Accordingly this approach does not allow to have discharging voltage more than 20 kW (limited by cable working capacity and safety requirements) and does not allow to obtain energy of discharge more than 1 kJ, which is however required (see Paschen curve in the analogue in There is no direct note for such (parallel) connection of charging capacities in the description of known invention but available information (see Besides, use in this device of electro-hydraulic effect causing elastic vibrations of only low frequency in fluent fraction of oil pool providing treatment of reservoir zone but does not sallow to treat with vibration well bottom zone (as high frequency vibration is required), which could increase productivity of treated oil pool. Given disadvantage should be also associated with the method for oil recovery with use of this devise. It is also known the method of oil recovery using energy of high frequency vibration generated by source of acoustic vibrations [2]. The use of elastic vibrations of high frequency does not prevent from placing of downhole apparatus on depth of 2700 meters but does not sallow impacting on critical area of the well (as low frequency vibration is required), that could increase to greater extent productivity of treated oil pool. This is the major disadvantage of described method of oil recovery and accordingly of the device used for it. Apart from this, it is know the method for oil discovery using energy of elastic vibration of two frequencies in the range of 10 - 60 kHz including placing in a well on the working depth of downhole apparatus, initiation of elastic vibrations of various frequencies follower by mainly multiple impact with elastic vibrations of various frequencies on oil pool. This method is realized with use of the device in which downhole apparatus is connected to aboveground power supply and contains one ultrasonic emitting piezoelectric transmitter having rather narrow gain-frequency characteristic and providing generation of elastic vibrations of high frequency on its resonance frequency. However this assembly (device) and, accordingly, based on its use the method for oil recovery with impact of elastic vibration on oil pool, which in its technical essence is closet to the invention and is used as the prototype, have a range of major disadvantages. First, non-linearity of porous environment containing fluid may be not sufficient for conversion of pulse emission of piezoelectric transmitter pulsation of low frequency. Besides, as maximum amplitude of high-frequency vibrations remains the same and in case of pulsation is 103 times less than high frequency, intensity of emission of low-frequency will be 106 times less than the one of high frequency, which is obviously not enough for having any impact on pool. So, the use of one piezoelectric transmitter in different options of its stimulation does not sallow to obtain elastic vibration of low frequency. Therefore, the known method and the known device with use of piezoelectric transmitter (authors of the known invention mention only piezoelectric transmitter) do not provide treatment of required area of a well. Second, proposed by the authors of known invention impact by elastic vibrations of low frequency in the range of 10 - 15 kHz and impact by elastic vibration of high frequency in the range above 44 kHz are not optimal for treatment of oil pool. Third, the known device does not provide and the known method does not take into consideration simultaneous impact with elastic vibration of high and low frequency, which in some cases may be very helpful. Due to disadvantages listed above, the known method and device can be described as ones having low technical capabilities, which dramatically reduce efficiency of treatment of oil pool and do not allow increasing its productivity to required level. The task that should be solved with this invention is development of such a device and such a method of its use, which (with minimum possible size of downhole apparatus) sallow to process oil recovery on depths bellow 2000 meters and efficiently impact on treated pool e.g. treating in its well bottom zone and reservoir zone with boundaries in 1.5 - 2 and 150 - 200 meters from the well accordingly. The solution in the invention has been achieved due to technical results which in process of oil recovery sallow capability of treatment of oil pool with elastic vibrations of high and low frequency, provide in a discharge unit of downhole apparatus discharge voltage above 20kV and discharge pulse with energy above 1 kJ. The given task in the method of oil recovery with use of energy of elastic vibrations, including placing in a well on working depth of downhole apparatus, which is connected to aboveground power supply unit of industrial frequency and contains an ultrasonic transducer (14) that provides for the generation of high frequency elastic vibrations, exciting elastic vibrations of different frequencies and then repeatedly applying the elastic vibrations to the oil pool, IS ACHIEVED due to applying the elastic vibrations to the oil pool, is provided with high and/or low frequency vibrations and for production of elastic vibrations of high and low frequency with two independent sources of vibrations are used, one of which is designed as at least one emitting ultrasonic (as a rule - magnetostrictive) transducer and the second is based on electro pulse device, which provides elastic vibration of low frequency, is connected to an aboveground power supply of industrial frequency and comprises the following electrically interconnected components: a charger, a unit of energy storage capacitors (17), a discharge unit with electrodes, and two switching means, one of them provides grouping of separate energy storage capacitors in a single unit, while the second one carries out switching of capacitors from one method of their electrical connection to another, at the same time impact of high frequency elastic vibration is provided in low frequency ultrasonic range, mainly, on frequency of 18 - 44 kHz and applied in permanent or pulse regime with intensity in the range of 1 - 5 Wt/sm2, and impact of elastic vibrations of low frequency is provided with discharging pulses frequency equal to 0,2 - 0,01 Hz and the energy of single discharging pulse of 100 - 800 J, note that source of electric power applies to a charger constant voltage, in the range of 300 - 150 V, before charging capacitors they are grouped in one unit, charging is conducted mainly for parallel connection of capacitors and normally is carried out during 20 sec. up to required voltage, with the maximum one equal to 20 - 27 kV, and before discharging of the unit of energy storage capacitors, providing supply of output voltage on electrodes of discharging unit, all charging capacitors or part of them are switched to consequent electrical connection, at the same time impact of elastic vibration of low and high frequency is applied in turn or simultaneously, mainly, in fixed position of downhole apparatus, and is continued with permanent and/or changing electrical and acoustical characteristics of aboveground and/or in-well equipment and technological parameters of oil recovery process and, mainly, in course of permanent and/or periodical pumping out of oil from the well. This is also helped with the following:
The given task in the device realizing the method on point 1 including aboveground power supply of industrial frequency and, downhole apparatus having control unit, which is connected with electrical cable to aboveground power supply, is done in the format of empty cylindrical body, separated by partitions on hermetic sectors and contains the source of elastic high frequency vibrations, designed as emitting ultrasonic transducer, IS ACIEVED due to the fact, that it is additionally provided with source of low frequency elastic vibrations, which is developed, mainly, on the basis of electro pulse device, connected to aboveground power supply of industrial frequency and placed in downhole apparatus, note that the source of high frequency elastic vibrations is designed as at least one ultrasonic, mainly, magnetostrictive transducer, and electro pulse device includes electrically connected charger, a unit of energy storage capacitors, a discharge unit with electrodes and two switching means, one of which at relevant stage of work of downhole apparatus provides grouping of separate charging capacitors in one single unit, and the second provides in the unit of energy store capacitors switching of capacitors from their parallel connection to consequent connection and vise versa from consequent connection to parallel one, note that switching means are designed, mainly, as one single device, which is placed in the same frame with the unit of energy storage capacitors, and sections of downhole apparatus, in which the unit of energy store capacitors and source of high frequency elastic vibrations are situated, are filled with electro-insulating material. This is also favored due to:
The device for oil recovery with use of energy of elastic vibrations of high and low frequency includes (see Unit 16 of capacitors is provided with two switching means 21, 22, which are connected to control unit 1, interconnected to power supply unit 3 and work automatically. First of them (equipped with switches 34) at relevant stages of work of downhole apparatus 4 provides (see Modules 11 and 12 of downhole apparatus 4, containing magnetostrictive transducer 14, unit 16 of capacitors 17 and switching means 21 and 22 are filled with insulating material 24, which is heat-resistant organosilicon fluid e.g. 'Penta - TPMS - 110'. These modules are filled with insulating fluent in the way that the module of downhole apparatus is filled with electro-isolating material in such a way that if downhole apparatus 4 is situated vertically all parts in this module are dipped into insulating material. At the same time in the module 12 there is some air cushion (shown but not noted in Module 13, containing electrodes 18 and 19 interconnected accordingly with output of the unit 16 of the capacitors 17 and with the body 6 of downhole apparatus 4 is designed with four transparent windows 25 providing access in the apparatus of oil-saturated fluid 26 (liquid treated media), which fills the well 27, which is provided with oil-well tubing 29 and oil pump with plunger 30, which is connected to pumping jack 31with flexible element (not noted) and oil bars 32. Bellow there are specific examples: production of low frequency elastic vibrations, production of high frequency elastic vibrations and realization of proposed method not excluding other ways of their execution in the claim of invention. The laboratory research, allowed to determine workability of the proposed device of oil recovery and investigate claimed limitations for proposed method for oil recovering, was conducted with downhole apparatus (diameter 102 mm, length 3200 mm), which has been developed with the use of specifically produced energy storage capacitors (capacity 0.4 - 3 microfarad, working voltage from 10 to 20 - 30 kV) and circular magnetostrictive transducer (resonance frequency 24 kHz, intensity of emission 5 Wt/sm2), produced from the fusion 49K2F and having diameter of 84 mm and height of set of plates of 100 mm. The number of charging capacitors in the unit varied from two to six and part of capacitors before discharge were connected in groups of two capacitors. First (see Production of low frequency elastic vibrations is preceded with execution of the number of technological operations (regimes) interconnected (see On the command from control unit 1 aboveground power supply unit 3 is connected to industrial electrical power grid (voltage 220 V, frequency 50 Hz) and switching means 21 and 22, gas-filled dischargers 23 and trigger 20 are connected (not shown in figures) with the point of power supply unit 3, which supplies working voltage of 220 V. As a result, electrical switches 33, 34 and 35 of switching means and make contacts (in It should be noted that the unit of charging capacitors^
When energy storage capacitors are grouped in one unit 16 on according command from control unit 1 (see It should be noted that in course of charging of the unit of charging capacitors:
When charging of unit 16 of charging capacitors 17 is completed in accordance with corresponding commands (see As a result of such connection discharging of unit of charging capacitors 16 takes place providing supply of output voltage (breakdown voltage) to electrodes 18 and 19 of discharging unit. Magnitude of such breakdown voltage is proportional to number of charging capacitors and is equal to the sum voltages charged by each of them and for the parameters mentioned above makes 75 kV. When such output voltage from the unit of charging capacitors is supplied to electrodes 18 and 19 deep in oil-saturated fluid 26, between electrodes the single electrical discharge takes place, which energy is 800 J and which, on mentioned depth, is sufficient for efficient impact on critical area of the pool in distance of 180 - 200 meters from downhole apparatus. It should be noted that during discharge of the unit of charging capacitors
The discharge causes significant movements of the fluid hollowing in development of cavity pockets, which then are closed. Single electrical discharge causes water hammer consisting of two water hammers: first one when fluid is pulled out and the cavity one occurring when pocket is closed. The more density of the fluid (more powerful pulse and the higher amplitude) is the higher pressure of electro-water hammer is. When hydraulic impact of first single electrical discharge on fluid 26 (filling module 13 and the well 27) and accordingly on receiver part of well, all equipment and devices (on corresponding command from control unit) is switched into initial condition (energy supply unit 3 is not disconnected from industrial network) and is ready again to consequent execution of such regimes of work as 'Grouping of charging capacitors in one unit' and 'Discharging of the unit of charging capacitors'. Multiple execution of these regimes of work (possibly with other electrical parameters) leads to development in the fluid of second and so on single electrical discharges, normally with frequency of 0.2 - 0.01 Hz (for parameters mentioned above - 0.03 Hz). In course of works on different depth other options for production of low frequency elastic vibrations listed bellow can be implemented. Unit of capacitors - totally 6 . Used for work - -4 capacitors. The capacitors have the same technical characteristics. Electrical capacity - 1.0 microF. Working voltage - 25 kV. Voltage - 220 V. Magnitude of voltage is constant. Capacitors are charged up to working voltage. Capacitors are charged simultaneously. Duration of charging - 10 seconds Before discharging, capacitors are grouped in two groups by two capacitors. Capacitors are discharged simultaneously. Breakdown voltage is 50 kV. Energy of discharge is 500 J. Impact on the critical area at distance of 140 - 160 meters. Frequency of discharges is 0.03 Hz. Unit of capacitors - totally 6. Used for work - -3 capacitors. The capacitors have the same technical characteristics. Electrical capacity - 1.0 microF. Working voltage - 25 kV. Voltage - 180 V. Capacitors are charged up to 56% of working voltage. Capacitors are charged simultaneously. Duration of charging - 10 seconds Before discharging, capacitors are not grouped. Capacitors are discharged simultaneously. Breakdown voltage is 40 kV. Energy of discharge is 300 J. Impact on the critical area at distance of 80 - 100 meters. Frequency of discharges is 0.03 Hz. Production of low frequency elastic vibrations (Option #4. Depth is 2200 m) Unit of capacitors - totally 6. Used for work - 6 capacitors (A, B, C, D, E, F). The capacitors (A - F) have different technical characteristics. Electrical capacity: (A and B) - 0.5 microF, (C and D) - 1.0 microF, (E and F) - 1.5 microF. Working voltage: (A and B) - 14 kV; (C and D) - 20 kV, (E and F) - 22 kV. The capacitors are grouped in three groups: (A and B), (C and D), (E and F). Voltage: (A and B) - 170 V, (C and D) - 180 V, (E and F) - 190 V. Magnitude of voltage is changed in a jump. Capacitors are charged up to working voltage. Groups of capacitors are charged consequently (one by one): e.g. first (A and B) then (C and D) and then (E and F). Between charging of groups there are the same time intervals of 10 seconds. Duration of charging: (A and B) - 10 seconds, (C and D) - 15 seconds, (D and E) - 20 seconds Groups of capacitors are discharged consequently (one by one): e.g. first (A and B) then (C and D) and then (E and F). Between discharging of groups there are the same time intervals of 20 and 10 seconds. For discharging of the group (A and B): breakdown voltage is 28 kV; energy of discharge is 100 J; impact on the critical area at distance of 40 - 50 meters. For discharging of the group (C and D): breakdown voltage is 40 kV; energy of discharge is 400 J; impact on the critical area at distance of 100 - 120 meters. For discharging of the group (E and F): breakdown voltage is 44 kV; energy of discharge is 700 J; impact on the critical area at distance of 160 - 180 meters. In general for options 1 - 4 treatment of critical area of the well with elastic vibrations of low frequency on noted depths with noted parameters may (see
After completion of all works with production and use of elastic low frequency vibrations electro-pulse device is switched off from the power supply unit 3, which is disconnected from industrial electrical network. On first command from control unit 1 aboveground power supply unit 2 (see Impact by elastic vibrations of high frequency is performed mainly on frequency 18 - 44 kHz and is continued in constant or pulse regime with intensity in the range of 1 - 5 Wt/sm2. It should be noted that depth of placement of transducer does not have negative impact on efficiency of production of high frequency vibrations and also it should be noted that in case of pulse impact by high frequency elastic vibrations duration of impact makes 0.1 - 0.5 seconds and duration of break makes 0.5 - 5 seconds. Generally treatment of critical area of the well with elastic vibrations of high frequency on the depths noted above with parameters noted above can be done e.g. as follows:
After completion of all works with production and use of elastic high frequency vibrations of low frequency ultrasonic range magnetostrictive transducer is switched off from the power supply unit 2, which is disconnected from industrial electrical network. It should be noted that maximum efficiency from realization of propsed method is achieved in case when oil-saturated fluid 28 is pumped out from treated well e.g. with oil pump 30, pumping jack 31, oil bars 32 and oil-well tubing 29. Note that pumping out of the fluid can be started before impact on the pool by elastic vibrations. Comparative analysis of known and proposed technical solutions indicates significant advantages of the latter. First, it is capability to impact on oil pool with elastic vibrations of both high and low frequency and accordingly treatment of not only well bottom zone but also treatment of critical area of the pool. Second, it is the capability to work on depths of 1500 - 2700 meters and more with optimal regimes of treatment and opportunities for broad variations of electro-technical parameters of downhole apparatus with simultaneous impact on oil pool with elastic vibrations of both high and low frequency. Third, this is rather small size of downhole apparatus (in comparison with first analogue: diameter is 2.5 times less, length is 1.04 times shorter), which allows using of it in welts of any profile of inclines of sections of pool with quick movements from well to well. Sources of information take into consideration in course of development of the invention specification and claim:
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