| Document | Document Title |
|---|---|
| US08452081B2 |
Forming 3D models using multiple images
A method for determining a three-dimensional model from three or more images comprising: receiving three or more images, each image being captured from a different viewpoint and including a two-dimensional image together with a corresponding range map; designating a plurality of pairs of received images, each pair including a first image and a second image. For each of the designated pairs a geometric transform is determined by identifying a set of corresponding features in the two-dimensional images; removing any extraneous corresponding features to produce a refined set of corresponding features; and determining the geometrical transformation for transforming three-dimensional coordinates for the first image to three-dimensional coordinates for the second image responsive to three-dimensional coordinates for the refined set of corresponding features. A three-dimensional model is determined responsive to the three or more received images and the geometrical transformations for the designated pairs of received images. |
| US08452079B2 |
Apparatus, method, and program for processing image
A reference image and a synthesis image covering an area outside the viewfield of the reference image are synthesized as one piece of display image data in a manner reflecting the positional relationship of the images at the image capturing. The display image data is displayed with a partial area thereof presented on a display screen, and the partial area is moved in response to a shift instruction. |
| US08452075B2 |
Range pattern matching for hotspots containing vias and incompletely specified range patterns
One embodiment of the present invention provides a system that identifies hotspot areas in a layout. The system receives the layout and a via range pattern which indicates one or more vias and performs range-pattern matching (RPM) on the layout based on a via-free range pattern derived from the via range pattern. The system further identifies at least one candidate area and determines whether via(s) in the candidate area matches the via(s) in the via range pattern. The system can also receives a range pattern with don't care regions. The system determines a core pattern from the range pattern, performs RPM based on the core pattern, and identifies a candidate area. The system then determines whether areas surrounding the candidate area match a non-core effective pattern of the range pattern. The system further determines if the areas surrounding the candidate area satisfy the constraints associated with any vias and the don't care regions. |
| US08452072B2 |
Method and apparatus for inspecting tire shape
A method and apparatus for accurately detecting the shape of a tire side by performing an image processing of removing a knurled region from the tire side. An actual image of a tire side having a knurled region obtained by a light-section method is Fourier-transformed into a Fourier-transformed image by a Fourier-transformed image creating unit of an image processing means. Cross-shaped peaks appearing discretely at predefined frequency intervals on a straight line in the Fourier-transformed image are identified as peaks attributable to the knurled region by a knurled component identifying unit. The cross-shaped peaks are removed from the Fourier-transformed image by a knurl component removing unit, and the Fourier-transformed image from which the peaks are removed is inverse-Fourier-transformed into an actual image by an inverse-Fourier-transforming unit. And the acceptability of the shape of the tire side is determined using the actual image. |
| US08452070B2 |
X-ray image diagnostic system, image processing apparatus and image processing method
The present invention is an image processing apparatus that reconstructs one frame of image data using block-level image data, including a unit that receives the block-level image data to which position information has been added, a unit that determines whether or not there was an error in the transmission of the received position information, a first storage area used for storing the block-level image data corresponding to the position information for which a transmission error did not occur, a second storage area used for storing the block-level image data corresponding to the position information for which a transmission error occurred, a unit that infers correct position information for the block-level image data stored in the second storage area based on the first storage area and the second storage area, and a unit that reconstructs the one frame of image data using the inferred position information. |
| US08452065B2 |
System for detecting malignant lymph nodes using an MR imaging device
A system detects malignant lymph nodes using an MR imaging device, for, in the absence of a contrast agent, acquiring in a patient anatomical volume of interest including lymph nodes, (a) a first image using a variable flip angle, lymph node enhanced contrast, MR image acquisition process, (b) a second image using a susceptibility weighting imaging acquisition process and (c) a third image using a diffusion weighting imaging acquisition process. In the presence of a contrast agent absorbed by benign lymph nodes, MR imaging device acquires in the patient anatomical volume of interest, (d) a fourth image using a susceptibility weighting imaging acquisition process. A display processor processes data representing the first, second, third and fourth images for display of malignant and benign lymph nodes on a reproduction device. |
| US08452063B2 |
Showing skin lesion information
Among other things, on a two-dimensional electronic display are shown simultaneously: (a) at least a partial body view of a surface of the human model on which a location of a skin lesion on a corresponding real human has been indicated, and (b) an image of the lesion area that corresponds to the partial body view of the human model. |
| US08452059B2 |
Systems and methods for performing image clustering
One embodiment, among others, is a method for clustering a plurality of images, wherein the plurality of images comprises faces of a plurality of individuals. The method comprises arranging the plurality of images associated with a plurality of individuals into a plurality of subgroups for each individual based on time stamps associated with the plurality of images, wherein the plurality of images are arranged according to increments of a time interval. The method further comprises determining whether adjacent subgroups are correlated and forming groups comprising correlated subgroups. Based on correlations between adjacent groups, the groups are associated with a particular individual. |
| US08452050B2 |
System and method for counting people near external windowed doors
A system for counting objects, such as people, crossing an area includes a camera configured for capturing video images along a surface in the area. The surface includes a plurality of detectable features on the surface. A user interface allows an individual to define a region where object detection is desired. A processor processes the images and counts a detected object in the region when criteria for counting are satisfied. |
| US08452047B2 |
Method and apparatus for recognizing a plural number of faces, and method and apparatus for registering face, and an image capturing method and system
Provided are a method and apparatus for recognizing a plurality of faces. In the method, a plurality of faces are detected from received video frames, the detected faces are sequentially recognized in predetermined frames that fall within a predetermined recognition period from among the detected frames, and then, the recognized faces are sequentially displayed. Accordingly, the amount of calculation is less than when simultaneously performing face detection and recognition on each frame. |
| US08452045B2 |
Image processing method for generating easily readable image
A character area is detected in a reduced layout and a character is detected in the character area, and a character size is compared to a predetermined size readable by a user when characters are printed. A detected character size determined to be smaller than the predetermined size is enlarged. An object adjacent to the detected character in an original document is detected and a content of the objects is determined. A layout position in which a relationship between the enlarged detected characters and the objects is kept is determined according to the determined content and the enlarged characters are arranged. The whole document can be output automatically in an easily viewable state while keeping a meaningful layout relationship between the objects. |
| US08452042B2 |
Shallow speaker
An improved shallow speaker is disclosed having a molded diaphragm with an outer, depending, annular cylindrical subcone that connects to a channel formed in the outer perimeter of the spider. Embodiments for round and cornered (polygonal, etc.) speakers are provided. The top plate has a raised outer annular portion for receiving an annular spider flange with or without screw holes for clamping the inner spider flange with a spider ring. In the cornered speaker embodiments, flanges extend from the cylindrical portions to the cornered portions including from a diaphragm inner glue flange over the depressed central portion and from the annular cylindrical subcone both outwardly and inwardly to top diaphragm portions. Routing of the tinsel may be through one or more openings in the annular cylindrical subcone and along the diaphragm inner surfaces, with channels in or on those surfaces for securely routing the tinsel. |
| US08452033B2 |
Information storage medium storing graphic data and apparatus and method of processing the graphic data
An information storage medium including graphic data and presentation information, and an apparatus and method of processing the graphic data are provided. The information storage medium includes the graphic data, page composition information which defines page composition of the graphic data, and the presentation information indicating when graphic screen data, which is composed with reference to the page composition information of the graphic data, is output to a display screen. Therefore, a graphic object is reusable in graphic data processing, and accordingly, a time taken to process the graphic data is reducible and memory area may be saved. |
| US08452032B2 |
Nested compound loudspeaker drive unit
A nested compound loudspeaker comprising a speaker assembly chassis (11), an outer driver (18) connected to the speaker assembly chassis (11) and having an inner edge, which defines an opening in the outer driver (18) and forms a functional edge (20), and an inner driver (8) connected to the speaker assembly chassis (11) and at least partially surrounded by the opening of the outer driver (18) and the inner driver (8) having an acoustical center axis located at a distance (r) from the functional edge (20) in a radial direction (α). The distance (r) is non-constant around the acoustical center axis, wherein the distance (r) has a first value in a first radial direction (α) and a second value different to the first value in a second radial direction (α). |
| US08452031B2 |
Ultrasonic thermoacoustic device
An ultrasonic acoustic device includes a carbon nanotube structure. The carbon nanotube structure is capable of causing a thermoacoustic effect and generating ultrasonic sound wave in liquid medium. |
| US08452030B2 |
External equipment controlling apparatus
An external equipment controlling apparatus includes: a connecting unit, connected to an external equipment via an interface to input/receive data into/from the external equipment, the external equipment to which audio data is input and which performs an acoustic process to a sound corresponding to the audio data and causes a speaker to emit the sound; an audio data outputting unit, operable to generate the audio data, and operable to output the audio data to the external equipment; an identification information acquiring unit, configured to acquire identification information for specifying the external equipment from the external equipment; a program acquiring unit, configured to acquire a control program corresponding to the external equipment specified by the identification information from a server via a network; a video data outputting unit, operable to generate video data for displaying a setting screen for setting the acoustic process on a displaying unit, and operable to output the video data to the displaying unit; and a controlling unit, by executing the control program, configured to control a content of the video data and to control the external equipment by setting the acoustic process in response to command information to be input. |
| US08452027B2 |
Audio conference system
An audio conference system including a controller, a plurality of microphones, and an antenna that makes the controller and the microphones communicate via radio communication, in which the controller includes: an utterance permitting unit that, in response to utterance request instruction information received from any of the microphones, transmits utterance permission instruction information to the microphone; and an utterance inhibiting unit that, in response to utterance inhibition request instruction information received from any of the microphones, transmits utterance inhibition instruction information to the other microphones, and the microphones each include: an utterance requesting unit that transmits utterance request instruction information to the controller and transmits, to the controller, a speech signal input after receiving the utterance permission instruction information from the controller; and an utterance stopping unit that stops transmission of the speech signal to the controller upon receiving the utterance inhibition instruction information from the controller. According to the audio conference system, an audio conference system which allows the chair of a conference to collectively inhibit all utterances of the other participants can be obtained. |
| US08452026B2 |
Mobile microphone system and method
A method centrally controls communication at a single venue. A central communications point with a moderator is provided. User information, at least at the venue, is provided to users for transmitting electronic signals to the central communication point. The moderator enables at least one electronic communication transmission from a user who has access to the central communication point to have at least part of the transmission broadcast at the venue or allow open communication from the user to be broadcast at the venue. |
| US08452025B2 |
Power supply circuit including voltage regulator and headphone driving circuit employing the same
A power supply circuit including a voltage regulator and a headphone driving circuit employing the same are disclosed. In accordance with the present invention, the power supply circuit may provide stable power supply to the amplifier since the power supply circuit generates the constant voltage +Vreg and the constant voltage −Vreg from +VDD robust to stronger than a power noise, and the balanced signal path for isolating the noise of the input signal to be amplified is not required, thereby simplifying the constitution of the circuit. |
| US08452024B2 |
Ground loop noise rejection for a headset subsystem
For headphone subsystems that employ common ground switches for speaker outputs (for example), there can be a significant issue with cross-talk and ground noise. Here, configurations for an amplifier and switch network are provided, which generally cancel noise from the “ground switch,” so as to provide an improvement over conventional configurations with little overhead. Additionally, the cross-talk for these configurations are not generally dependent on the “ground switch” or speaker impedance. |
| US08452016B2 |
Interoperable keychest for use by service providers
There is provided a system and method for distributors to use an interoperable key chest. There is provided a method for use by a distributor to obtain content access authorizations from a key chest or central key repository (CKR), the method comprising receiving a user request from a user device for access to an encrypted content identified by a content identification, transmitting a key request to the CKR including the content identification, receiving an encrypted first key from the CKR, decrypting the encrypted first key using a second key to retrieve the first key, and providing a DRM license for the encrypted content to the user device using the first key for use by the user device to decrypt the encrypted content using the first key. By generating such DRM licenses, distributors can unlock protected content even sourced from distributors using different DRM schemas. |
| US08452009B2 |
Control message processing method
A method for processing a set of control messages used to access an encrypted stream by a multimedia unit. These messages include a discrimination parameter having a different value for at least three consecutive non-redundant messages in the stream. The method includes the steps of receiving a current control message; reading the discrimination parameter from the current control message; retrieving from a memory the discrimination parameter from the message processed previously; comparing the current and previous discrimination parameters; and blocking said current control message if the comparison step indicates that the discrimination parameters are identical. The method is characterized in that the discrimination parameter is unique and different for each message in the set of control messages, such that, during the filtering step, the current message and the previously processed message can be non-consecutive in the ordered subset of messages. |
| US08452007B2 |
Security key generating method, device and system
A security key generating method, device and system are provided, wherein, the method is used for generating a security key in the process of the handover to an EUTRAN network from other network, the method includes: an MME generates a security key based on a root key KASME of the EUTRAN network, a specific value and/or other parameters and transmits a handover request message carrying the security key to a target evolved Node B, i.e. eNB; a UE generates the security key which used by the target eNB based on the root key KASME of the EUTRAN network, the specific value and/or other parameters. The application of the present invention adopts a specific value, KASME and/or other parameters to output a security key, which can solve the problem existed in the related technology, the problem is that the middle security key used by access layer while handover between different access system can not be generated, and then it can not realize the security protection of the access layer. So the application of the present invention makes the signaling and/or data of the access layer be efficiently protected, thereby improving the security of the access layer. |
| US08452006B2 |
Cryptographic processing using a processor
In one embodiment, a cryptography processor compatible with the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) for encrypting and decrypting has a memory storing each element of an AES State, normally 8-bit long, in a corresponding memory space that is at least 9 bits long. Using the larger memory spaces, the processor performs modified AES transformations on the State. A modified column-mixing transformation uses bit-shifting and XOR operations, thereby avoiding some multiplications and modulo reductions and resulting in some 9-bit State elements. A modified byte-substitution transformation uses a 512-element look-up table to accommodate 9-bit inputs. The modified byte-substitution transformation is combined with a modified row-shifting transformation. The memory has data registers each holding four State elements. A modified expanded key schedule is used in a modified round-key-adding transformation that is combined with the modified column-mixing transformation, wherein all four elements stored in a single data register are processed together in some operations. |
| US08452002B2 |
Methods, apparatus and articles of manufacture to cancel echo for communication paths having long bulk delays
Example methods, apparatus and articles of manufacture to cancel echo for communication paths having long bulk delays are disclosed. A disclosed example method includes determining a first location of a first largest magnitude of a first plurality of coefficients of an echo canceller, the first plurality of coefficients separated by two or more sample intervals, and cancelling an echo contained in a received signal using a second plurality of coefficients of the echo canceller and a first offset selected based on the first location, the second plurality of coefficients separated by one sample interval. |
| US08451982B2 |
Notification apparatus, notification system, method of operating notification apparatus, and program for notification apparatus
A management apparatus of a notification system includes an interface unit that communicates with a store terminal used for a predetermined site work process by a site worker and an IP telephone terminal used for IP phone call, which are located at one work site; an accepting unit that accepts an emergency notification to the site worker; a display control unit that displays and outputs the accepted emergency notification on the store terminal via the interface unit; and a calling unit that calls the IP telephone terminal via the interface unit to make the site worker recognize the emergency notification. |
| US08451981B2 |
Telecommunication wired monitor system
A telecommunication central office site monitor system comprising a central monitoring board configured to receive and send reported current values. The reported current values may be provided by current monitors, with each current monitor being arranged in-line with a power protection device and identified with a particular piece of telecommunication equipment. |
| US08451980B2 |
Test systems and methods for extended off-hook conditions on a subscriber line
Test systems and methods are disclosed for determining the cause of an extended off-hook condition on a subscriber line. A test system as described herein measures a first resistance of the subscriber line based on a first current, and also measures a second resistance of the subscriber line based on a second current. The test system then determines the difference between the first and second resistance measurements. If the difference between the first and second resistance measurements is greater than a threshold value, such as 20 Ohms or more, then the test system determines that the extended off-hook condition is the result of an off-hook telephone on the subscriber line. If the difference is less than the threshold value, then the test system determines that the extended off-hook condition is the result of a short circuit on the subscriber line. |
| US08451973B2 |
Device and method for mammography
A compression unit of a mammography apparatus includes an arrangement to tension at least one compression band in a first fixing unit and second fixing unit arranged on both sides of a subject table. |
| US08451970B2 |
Variable delay circuit and delay-locked loop including the same
The present disclosure provides a variable delay circuit comprising a delay circuit that includes a first delay unit and a second delay unit and delays an input signal to generate an output signal; a selection signal generation unit that detects a delay value of the delay circuit and generates a selection signal to select a delay unit for delaying the input signal from the first delay unit and the second delay unit; a first control unit that controls a delay value of the delay unit selected by the selection signal in response to a delay increase/decrease signal; and a second control unit that controls a delay value of the delay unit which is not selected by the selection signal. |
| US08451968B2 |
Phase-coupled clock signal generator and character generator comprising such a phase-coupled clock signal generator
A phase-coupled clock signal generator comprises a start-stop oscillator (1) to which a control signal is applied. The clock frequency is dependent on an adjusting value (F). For adjusting and monitoring the clock frequency, the clock signal generator is provided with a counter (2). This counter counts the number of received clock pulses during a predetermined period and generates a corresponding counting value (C). A control circuit (3) compares the counting value (C) with a reference value and adapts the adjusting value (F). Such a clock signal generator is suitable for On Screen Display applications in a television receiver. |
| US08451966B2 |
Information processor and information processing method, display device, and program
Disclosed herein is an information processor, including: a receiving section configured to receive an OFDM signal transmitted in accordance with an OFDM system; a FFT arithmetically operating section configured to carry out FFT for a signal within a predetermined interval of the OFDM signal; a delay profile estimating section configured to estimate delay profiles from the OFDM signal received by the receiving section; an inter-symbol interference amount estimating section configured to estimate inter-symbol interference amounts for a plurality of candidates for the predetermined interval, respectively, by using the delay profiles estimated by the delay profile estimating section; and a searching section configured to search for the candidate having the minimum inter-symbol interference amount estimated by the inter-symbol interference amount estimating section from among the plurality of candidates in the predetermined interval, and supply data on the candidate thus searched for as the predetermined interval to the FFT arithmetically operating section. |
| US08451962B2 |
Arrangements for acquiring and using data obtained from received interference to facilitate data recovery
In some embodiments a method is disclosed for detecting periodic interference and predicting future interference times. The method can include detecting an arrival time of a first occurrence of interference and detecting an arrival time of a second occurrence of interference. The method can include transmitting preemptive interference mitigation control signals that anticipate future arrival times of interference. A system is disclosed that includes a periodicity detector, an interference profiler and a mitigation control module. The system can provide interference mitigation features to a data recovery system. Other embodiments are disclosed. |
| US08451957B2 |
System and method for time synchronization of OFDM-based communications
Systems and methods for time synchronization of orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM)-based communications are disclosed. A cyclic prefix (CP) correlation-based timing synchronization method is disclosed for early path (e.g. first-received path) detection for OFDM-based communication. Systems and methods are disclosed for performing double peak value detection in an OFDM-based system for reliably detecting an early (e.g., first-received) path in a received OFDM symbol for use in timing synchronization. In the double peak value detection method, a first peak value detection is performed to detect the path with the largest power, and a second peak value detection is then performed to detect a desired early (e.g., first-received) path. A compensation linear curve is used to facilitate the second peak value detection. |
| US08451948B2 |
Carrier recovering apparatus and carrier recovering method
A carrier recovering apparatus, in which degradation of the demodulation performance caused when a pilot signal cannot be normally received is suppressed, includes a rotation calculator for multiplying a baseband signal and an oscillation signal and outputting a multiplied signal; a pilot signal extractor for extracting a pilot signal from the signal output from the rotation calculator; an error detection controller for outputting a phase error between the pilot signal and a reference signal as a value restricted within a given range; a loop filter for smoothing the phase error output from the error detection controller and outputting the smoothed phase error; and a variable frequency oscillator for generating a signal in accordance with the output of the loop filter and outputting the generated signal as the oscillation signal. |
| US08451946B2 |
Method of coding and decoding a pulse signal, in particular an UWB-IR signal, and corresponding devices
A method is for decoding a pulse signal modulated through a transmitted reference modulation scheme. The modulated pulse signal may include, repetitively, a reference pulse followed by an information pulse delayed with a delay. The method may include subtracting or adding from the modulated pulse signal, a version of the modulated pulse signal delayed with the delay for obtaining a processed signal, and performing a non-coherent detection on the processed signal. |
| US08451942B2 |
Wireless transmission apparatus using cartesian loop
In one embodiment, a wireless transmission apparatus is disclosed. The apparatus includes a generator unit, an amplitude adjuster unit, a phase adjuster unit, and a setting unit. The generator unit generates an amplitude control signal that minimizes an amplitude difference and a phase control signal that minimizes a phase difference in a state in which a power is set during an OFF period of a switch. The amplitude adjuster unit adjusts an amplitude of a feedback RF signal according to the amplitude control signal during an ON period of the switch. The phase adjuster unit adjusts a phase of a local signal according to the phase control signal during the ON period. The setting unit sets, for a Cartesian loop, a first loop gain when the switch is OFF, and a second loop gain higher than the first loop gain when the switch is turned from OFF to ON. |
| US08451939B2 |
Radio communication apparatus
A radio communication apparatus includes a baseband signal generator to generate digital data; a clock generator to generate 2N pulse signals corresponding to the digital data; a selector to select one of the 2N pulse signals; and a short pulse generator to reduce a pulse width of the signal selected by the selector, wherein the 2N pulse signals include a whole-period non-transmission pulse, a whole-period transmission pulse, and 2N-2 partial-period transmission pulses, when the partial-period transmission pulse is selected, a band pass filter outputs a signal that lasts for part of a period having a 1-symbol length, when the whole-period non-transmission pulse is selected, the band pass filter outputs a signal attenuated by offsetting signals corresponding to the whole-period non-transmission pulse, and when the whole-period transmission pulse is selected, the band pass filter outputs a signal that lasts for a whole of the period having the 1-symbol length. |
| US08451935B2 |
Transmission device, communication system, transmission method and program
A transmission device of the present, invention includes a baseband waveform generator to generate a transmission signal by using a transfer function H0(f) that is in a relation of a matched filter with a transfer function H1(f) in an analog domain of a transmission side and a reception side connected through a wireless channel, and transmits the transmission signal generated by the baseband waveform generator. |
| US08451933B2 |
Detection of low-amplitude echoes in a received communication signal
A system and method for identifying minor echoes present in an input signal in the situation where a set of major echoes has already been identified from the input signal. The method includes: computing a spectrum F corresponding to a sum of the major echoes; computing a weighted power spectrum SM of the spectrum F; subtracting the weighted power spectrum SM from a weighted power spectrum PIN of the input signal to obtain a difference spectrum; performing a stabilized division of the difference spectrum by a conjugate of the spectrum F to obtain an intermediate spectrum; computing an inverse transform of the intermediate spectrum to obtain a time-domain signal; and estimating parameters one or more of the minor echoes from the time-domain signal. The echo parameters are usable to remove at least a portion of the one or more estimated minor echoes from the input signal. |
| US08451931B1 |
Method and apparatus for implementing transmit diversity in OFDM systems
A plurality of diagonal matrices Ci is determined, where the plurality of diagonal matrices Ci is for modifying a plurality of transmit signals to be transmitted via a plurality of transmit antennas, each diagonal matrix Ci for modifying an i-th block of sub-carriers, adjacent in frequency, in the plurality of transmit signals. The plurality of diagonal matrices Ci is used to modify the plurality of transmit signals to implement transmit diversity. |
| US08451930B2 |
Sparse channel estimation using order extension for frequency and time selective MIMO wireless communication networks
A channel matrix is estimated for a channel subject to frequency and time selective fading in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless communication network. The method uses a recursive least-squares (RLS) process and an expectation-maximization (EM) process, based on a L1-Lq regularized sparse regression. The method significantly improves an accuracy of the channel estimation by using high-order matrix extension to obtain covariance matrices. The covariance matrices and an initial estimate are refined by a sparse EM to obtain the final estimate of the channel. |
| US08451925B2 |
Method and pre-corrector for correcting signals in radio frequency links
A method and pre-corrector for correcting signals in radio frequency links are provided. The method comprises: obtaining, in a time division order, a set of pre-distortion vectors for the respective radio frequency links by using one and the same set of pre-distortion vector obtaining means based on difference in arrival time of cyclic delay frames in the respective radio frequency links of a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) system; and correcting a subsequent signal in the respective radio frequency links by using the set of pre-distortion vectors corresponding to that radio frequency link. With the present invention, it is only required to scan a frame header once to generate an error vector table for the input signal across the entire dynamic range of power. The device can be reused by utilizing the cyclic delay frame structure, so as to achieve high linearity of a radio frequency header. |
| US08451924B2 |
Simulation of multi-antenna radio channel
A radio channel simulation system comprises a plurality of input buses for receiving a beam-specific transmit signal. A transformation module transforms a channel model from antenna domain to beam domain by using a transformation algorithm and beam forming weights. The channel model represented in the beam domain is inputted into a processing module which processes the beam-specific transmit signals according to the channel model represented in the beam domain. |
| US08451922B2 |
Signal processing method in MIMO system and apparatus thereof
Disclosed is a signal processing method and apparatus in MIMO system. In a mobile communication system having a plurality of transmitting antennas, the present invention includes the steps of receiving a feedback signal including status information of at least one channel, segmenting one of the first data blocks to segment into at least one or more of the second data blocks, attaching a CRC to each of the at least one or more of the second data blocks, allocating the at least one or more second data blocks to a plurality of the transmitting antennas, respectively, and transmitting the at least one or more of the second data blocks. In a mobile communication system having a plurality of receiving antennas, the present invention includes the steps of receiving at least one data block including a CRC or dummy bits, acquiring channel status information using the CRC or dummy bits, and transmitting the channel status information. |
| US08451919B2 |
OFDM reception device, OFDM reception integrated circuit, OFDM reception method, and OFDM reception program
An OFDM reception apparatus effectively suppresses a reduction in reception performance during high-speed mobile reception. The OFDM reception apparatus includes a transmission channel characteristic estimating unit for calculating a transmission channel characteristic value indicating phase and amplitude distortions in an OFDM signal for each sub-carrier, the phase and amplitude distortions occurring during propagation through a transmission channel, and calculating an n-th differentiation of the transmission channel characteristic value, and an interference component removing unit for using the transmission channel characteristic value and the n-th differentiation calculated for each of the sub-carriers by the transmission channel characteristic estimating unit, to remove an interference component between the sub-carriers from the OFDM signal. |
| US08451917B2 |
Method and apparatus for detection of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signals by cognitive radios
Efficient frequency spectrum sharing between at least one incumbent communication system(s) (102, 104) and at least one cognitive radio (CR) system (106, 108) is provided. The CR unit includes OFDM detection (216) for detecting the presence of OFDM signals which indicate the presence of an incumbent communication system within the shared spectrum. The CR system (106) updates channel occupancy information in response to the detected OFDM signals so as not to interfere with the incumbent communication systems (102, 104). |
| US08451913B2 |
Frequency responsive bus coding
A data system permits bus encoding based on frequency of the bus and the frequency of switching on the bus so as to avoid undesirable frequency conditions such as a resonant condition or interference with other electrical devices. Transmission frequencies along one or more busses are monitored and used to control the encoding process, for example, an encoding process based on data bus inversion (DBI). The use of both a measure of an absolute number of logic levels (“DBI_DC”) and a measure of a number of logic level transitions relative to a prior signal (“DBI_AC”) provides a measure of control that may be used to compensate for both main and predriver switching noise. |
| US08451912B2 |
Method and system for optimizing quantization for noisy channels
Methods are described for configuring a quantizer to achieve improved end-to-end distortion performance when transmitting encoded source data over a noisy channel. The codebook and partitioning are selected using an iterative process of determining an updated codebook and an updated partition space, where the updated codebook is based, in part, on the average symbol error probability of the channel. Complete knowledge of the transitional probabilities of the channel is not required. Variants of the iterative process are described. |
| US08451911B2 |
Adaptively post filtering encoded video
Some embodiments of the invention provide a method of decoding an encoded video signal that includes a plurality of successive encoded images. The method initially receives an encoded image of the video signal. It then decodes the encoded image. The method next examines the decoded image to determine whether the decoded image satisfies at least one criterion for performing a post-filter operation on the decoded image. Only if the decoded image satisfies the criterion, the method performs the post-filter operation on the decoded image. The criterion in some embodiments is whether the amount of time for applying the post-filter operation exceeds the remaining amount of time that the method has to process the received image. Some embodiments of the invention provide a method of post-filtering a current image that was decoded from an encoded video signal, which includes a plurality of successive encoded images. The current image has several sub-sections. The method selects a sub-section of the current image. It then determines whether the selected sub-section satisfies at least one condition for performing a post-filter operation on the selected sub-section. The method next performs the post-filter operation on the selected sub-section only if the selected sub-section satisfies the criterion. |
| US08451910B1 |
Wireless multimedia device with real time adjustment of packet retry function and bit rate modulation
A method and apparatus for real time adjustment of wireless transmission in a media device (e.g., webcam), as opposed to a server or computer. In one embodiment, the adjustment, or dynamic tuning, involves tracking available bandwidth of the radio signaling rate and varying one of the retry rate, compression and frame rate. Also, the adjustment can be made on the basis of forecasts based on past behavior. A tracking and control algorithm is used to modulate the video bit-rate from the camera with the dynamic bit-rate available in a WiFi link. |
| US08451908B2 |
System, method, and apparatus for decoding flexibly ordered pixel arrays
Presented herein is a system and method for decoding flexibly ordered macroblocks. Slice groups are received, wherein the slice groups comprise non-contiguous macroblocks with respect to raster scan order. Each macroblock is associated with a particular context which serially provides each macroblock to a processor for decoding. The decoder selectively decodes the macroblock from the first context or second context, depending on which context includes the next macroblock in raster scan order. |
| US08451901B2 |
High-speed motion estimation apparatus and method
A high-speed motion estimation apparatus includes a current region memory, an integer-times motion estimation unit, and a decimal-times motion estimation unit. The current region memory receives pixel data of a current region from an external frame memory to store the pixel data. The integer-times motion estimation unit stores pixel data of an estimation region which are read from the frame memory, and predicts an integer-times motion vector by using the pixel data of the current region and the pixel data of the estimation region. The decimal-times motion estimation unit reads the pixel data of the estimation region, and predicts a decimal-times motion vector by using the read pixel data and the predicted integer-times motion vector. |
| US08451893B2 |
Apparatus and method for coding and decoding image
An apparatus and method for coding and decoding an image are provided. The apparatus for coding the image includes a spatio-temporal information prediction/compensation unit, a recovered image processor, a residue generator, a quantizer, and an entropy encoder. The spatio-temporal information prediction/compensation unit generates a predicted image by predicting and compensating spatio-temporal information including at least one of temporal prediction information from a current image and a recovered previous image, and spatial prediction information from a recovered current image. The recovered image processor performs a spatio-temporal noise removal process on the recovered current image using the spatio-temporal information, and stores the resulting noise-removed image. The residue generator generates a residue image obtained by subtracting the predicted image from the input image, and the quantizer outputs quantized coefficients by quantizing the residue image. The entropy encoder generates a bit stream by entropy coding the quantized coefficients. |
| US08451890B2 |
Coding method, decoding method, coding apparatus, decoding apparatus, program, and integrated circuit
A method of decoding includes decoding a coded stream obtained by coding first and second groups for each access unit including a picture of the first group and a corresponding picture of the second group, wherein the first and second groups are captured at different view points. The method includes determining whether the picture of the first group is synchronized with the picture of the second group, within the access unit, and decoding the picture of the first group using a generated predictive picture of the first group. The method also includes decoding the picture of the second group, using one of (i) a predictive picture generated from the second group and (ii) the predictive picture generated from the first group. |
| US08451887B2 |
Phase interleaving control method for a multi-channel regulator system
A multi-channel regulator system includes serially connected PWM integrated circuits, each of which determines a PWM signal for a respective channel to operate therewith, and individually controls its operation mode according to whether or not an external clock is detected. Therefore, each channel will not be limited to operate under a constant mode and could become a master channel or a slave channel. Additionally, each of the PWM integrated circuits generates a phase shifted synchronous clock for its next channel during it is enabled, and thus all the channels operate in a synchronous but phase interleaving manner. |
| US08451884B2 |
Offset calibration methods and radio frequency data path circuits
An offset calibration method is provided. Two input terminals of an equalizer are switched to a common voltage at a first time point, wherein the equalizer generates a first equalized signal and a second equalized signal according to the common voltage. It is determined whether a first offset voltage is present in the equalizer according to the first and second equalized signals generated from the common voltage. If the first offset voltage is determined to be present in the equalizer, a first compensation voltage is provided to the equalizer. |
| US08451880B2 |
Phase based measurement corrections
A method for providing correction values for phase based measurements. Where averaging techniques are employed for exploiting redundancy in multiple measurements, by constraining the phase ambiguity in a correction value to be an integer multiple of the carrier wavelength, carrier phase based measurements can be used. |
| US08451879B2 |
High bandwidth data transport system
A device for sending and receiving ultra wideband communications over a guided medium includes a line interface configured for electrical communication to the guided medium and adapted for interfacing with the guided medium, an ultra wideband impulse transmitter electrically connected to the line interface for transmitting amplitude modulated ultra wideband impulses over the guided medium, and an ultra wideband receiver electrically connected to the line interface for receiving amplitude modulated ultra wideband impulses over the guided medium. |
| US08451874B2 |
Very large mode slab-coupled optical waveguide laser and amplifier
A very large mode (VLM) slab-coupled optical waveguide laser (SCOWL) is provided that includes an upper waveguide region as part of the waveguide for guiding the laser mode. The upper waveguide region is positioned in the interior regions of the VLM SCOWL. A lower waveguide region also is part of the waveguide that guides the laser mode. The lower waveguide region is positioned in an area underneath the upper waveguide region. An active region is positioned between the upper waveguide region and the lower waveguide region. The active region is arranged so etching into the VLM SCOWL is permitted to define one or more ridge structures leaving the active region unetched. One or more mode control barrier layers are positioned between said upper waveguide region and said lower waveguide region. The one or more mode control barrier layers control the fundamental mode profile and prevent mode collapse of the laser mode. The mode control barrier layers also block carrier leakage from the active region. These layers are essential to obtaining VLM SCOWLs. |
| US08451871B2 |
Method of manufacturing a laser diode with improved light-emitting characteristics
The method of the invention is intended for manufacturing a laser diode with improved light-emitting characteristics. The method consists of providing certain components of a laser diode such as a wide-aperture lasing medium that has an active emitting layer with a first end and a second end, a DPH-mode reorganizer that contains a core and a plurality of nanogrooves made in the core and arranged in a pattern that accomplishes a given function and locally changes the refractive index of the core. The method further includes the steps of forming a semitransparent mirror on the second end of the active lasing medium and aligning the first end of the active emitting layer with the core of the DPH-mode reorganizer, thus forming a resonator of the laser diode. In the resonator, the light applied from the laser-active medium bounces back and forth between the DPH-mode reorganizer and the partially reflecting mirror, thereby enhancing stimulated emission. |
| US08451863B2 |
System and method for identifying upper layer protocol message boundaries
Systems and methods that identify the Upper Layer Protocol (ULP) message boundaries are provided. In one example, a method that identifies ULP message boundaries is provided. The method may include one or more of the following steps: attaching a framing header of a frame to a data payload to form a packet, the framing header being placed immediately after the byte stream transport protocol header, the framing header comprising a length field comprising a length of a framing protocol data unit (PDU); and inserting a marker in the packet, the marker pointing backwards to the framing header and being inserted at a preset interval. |
| US08451862B2 |
Systems and methods for resource allocation serving communication requirements and fairness
A demand aware fair resource allocation technique is operable to allocate communication resources in multi-hop networks under the joint consideration of communication requirements and fairness. Embodiments operate to provide allocation of time slot resources in TDMA based multi-hop wireless networks under the joint consideration of QoS and fairness. Embodiments operate with respect to information regarding maximal common slot set flow contention. An iterative process is applied with respect to the information regarding maximal common slot set flow contention to allocate communication resources providing a balance between meeting communication requirements and fairness. According to embodiments, an inter-graph process iteratively selects a maximal common slot set for which resource allocation with respect to various flows is to be performed and an intra-graph process assigns communication resources in the maximal common slot set providing a balancing between meeting communication requirements (e.g., QoS) and providing fairness. |
| US08451860B2 |
Low-weight hybrid deterministic highspeed data bus
Switchless deterministic data bus networks and interfaces are disclosed. In one embodiment, a network includes a switchless shared bandwidth data bus; a plurality of nodes in communication with the shared bandwidth data bus; and a deterministic transport layer hosted on each node of the plurality of nodes, the deterministic transport layer providing message scheduling and flow control, the message scheduling using a bandwidth allocation and physical layer prioritization access protocol for scheduling a packet. An embodiment of an interface includes a packager that packages data received from the host processor into packets compatible with a switchless shared bandwidth network; an un-packager that un-packs data packets received from the network, removes payload data, and transmits the payload data to the host processor; and a deterministic bus scheduler and controller that controls and schedules the transmission of data over the switchless shared bandwidth network such that the network is a deterministic network. |
| US08451857B2 |
Communication apparatus enabling temporal coexistence of systems
A coexistence controller which performs management and control of time division for coexistence, is provided in a power line communication modem which has a function as a QoS controller for a QoS type communication system and a power line communication modem for a best-effort type communication system. In the QoS type communication system, by controlling allocation of a communication band in accordance with priorities given to the communication systems by cooperation of the coexistence controller and the QoS controller, the power line communication systems having different schemes can coexist. |
| US08451855B2 |
TAP, LRM, resource state control system and method
The present invention discloses a TAP, which comprises a resource state inputting interface, configured to be connected to termination and adaption function of transport plane, and to acquire therefrom a resource management state, a resource use state and a resource operational state; a use state outputting interface, configured to be connected to the termination and adaption function of the transport plane, and to notify it of the resource use state; a subnetwork point adding or withdrawing interface, configured to be connected to a link resource manager, and to notify it of the adding or withdrawing of the subnetwork point; a subnetwork point binding state outputting interface, configured to be connected to the link resource manager, and to notify it of subnetwork point binding state; and a subnetwork point operational state outputting interface, configured to be connected to the link resource manager, and notifying it of the subnetwork point operational state. The present invention also discloses an LRM, a resource state control system and method. By means of the present invention, the maintenance of the SNP binding state and the synchronization with the general state of resources can be achieved. |
| US08451852B2 |
Systems and methods for selectively performing explicit congestion notification
A system provides congestion control and includes multiple queues that temporarily store data and a drop engine. The system associates a value with each of the queues, where each of the values relates to an amount of memory associated with the queue. The drop engine compares the value associated with a particular one of the queues to one or more programmable thresholds and selectively performs explicit congestion notification or packet dropping on data in the particular queue based on a result of the comparison. |
| US08451850B2 |
Method and system for distribution of media including a gigablock
A method and system is provided for efficiently distributing multi-media. A gigablock is disclosed. The gigablock comprises a plurality of memory devices. The plurality of memory devices are coupled in a parallel fashion to receive high and/or secure bandwidth data. The gigablock can include a decoding engine which can communicate with a network center. The gigablock can be media implemented in any of an optical media, magnetic media and electronic media. A system provides for wireless connectivity for providing for high speed wireless data to the gigablock. |
| US08451849B2 |
Session establishment for real-time media communication service
A solution for establishing a session of a real-time media communication service in a communication system comprising at least two separately administered subsystems. The session establishment comprises receiving a request for session initiation, querying subscriber information related to the requested session, and initiating the session according to the queried subscriber information. The invented method comprises detecting that the terminating subscriber does not belong to the same subsystem as the originating subscriber, determining a defined transit server associated with the terminating subscriber, said transit server having access to a subscriber database of the subsystem of the terminating subscriber, and querying subscriber information related to the requested session with a first control message comprising parameters of the requested session to the transit server. The solution allows a connection to be established between users of a real-time media communication service for subscribers of separate administrative subsystems so that operators of each subsystem may possess full control of their own network elements, and the internal connection establishment procedures need minimal alterations for the functionality. |
| US08451848B2 |
Method and system for optimization of data transfer between networked devices
The invention relates to a method of arranging communication in a local area networking system comprising a first device, a second device and an intermediate node for arranging data transmission between the first device and the second device. The second device is arranged to multicast and/or broadcast messages to devices in the system. The transmission of multicast and/or broadcast messages to the first device is prevented by the interworking means. |
| US08451847B2 |
Intermediate node device, method of controlling intermediate node device, and network system
An intermediate node device, for which a method of control is provided and of which a provided network system includes a plurality, may receive a data packet from an upper intermediate node device and generate a first acknowledgement (ACK) message and a second ACK message with respect to the received data packet. Also, the intermediate node device may transmit the first ACK message to the upper intermediate node device, and transmit the second ACK message to an upper intermediate node device which is separated by a predetermined number of hops. |
| US08451844B2 |
Method of receiving a data packet coming from an IPv4 domain in an IPv6 domain, an associated device, and associated access equipment
A method of receiving a data packet from an IPv4 domain in an IPv6 domain, the data packet comprising an IPv4 destination address and a destination port number. The method comprises the following steps: constructing an IPv6 destination address by concatenating an operator prefix, the IPv4 destination address, and the destination port number; generating an IPv6 data packet from the IPv6 constructed destination address and the received IPv4 data packet; and routing the generated IPv6 data packet in the IPv6 domain using the IPv6 constructed destination address, the constructed address belonging to a range of IPv6 addresses routable to an interconnection equipment of the IPv6 domain with the IPv4 destination address. |
| US08451841B2 |
Method and apparatus for processing a call to an aggregate endpoint device
A method and an apparatus for processing a call to an aggregate endpoint device over a network are disclosed. For example, the method receives a session request by an application server, wherein a route header for the session request comprises an aggregate endpoint identifier, and determines at least one Public User Identity (PUID) of the aggregate endpoint device in accordance with the aggregate endpoint identifier. The method obtains a Serving-Call Session Control Function Fully Qualified Domain Name (S-CSCF FDQN) of a Serving-Call Session Control Function (S-CSCF) that performs a termination processing for the aggregate endpoint device, and forwards the session request to the S-CSCF with a route header that comprises the PUID of the aggregate endpoint device. |
| US08451837B1 |
Discovery of MPLS VPN links
A method for discovering MPLS VPN links includes receiving a plurality of virtual route forwarding (VRF) identification messages generated by respective VRF entities at a logical parent Multi-Protocol Border Gateway Protocol instance resident within a virtual network element in a network management system, aggregating in the logical parent Multi-Protocol Border Gateway Protocol instance the plurality of VRF identification messages into a single Multi-Protocol Border Gateway Protocol message encapsulating the plurality of VRF identification messages, and sending the single Multi-Protocol Border Gateway Protocol message encapsulating the plurality of VRF identification messages to a neighbor parent Multi-Protocol Border Gateway Protocol instance. |
| US08451831B2 |
System and method for implementing a multistage network using a two-dimensional array of tiles
A network, including: a first tile having a processor, a first top brick connected to the processor, a first bottom brick, and a first intermediate brick; a second tile having a second intermediate brick and a second bottom brick; multiple connections connecting the first top brick with the second intermediate brick and the first intermediate brick with the second bottom brick using a passthrough on an intermediate tile between the first and second tiles, where the first, the intermediate, and the second tiles are positioned in a row; and a third tile having a plurality of caches connected to a third bottom brick, where the second and third tiles are positioned in a column, and the first bottom brick, the second bottom brick, and the third bottom brick belong to a bottom layer of the network, and where the first and second intermediate bricks belong to an intermediate layer of the network. |
| US08451826B2 |
Method, system and apparatus for verifying validity of location information in a packet-switched network
According to embodiments of the present invention, there are provided a method, system and apparatus for determining validity of location information in a packet-switched network. A method for determining if location information associated with an endpoint in a packet-switched network is valid, the location information having been stored in a memory, comprises obtaining an access device identifier associated with an access device responsible for handling a communication session between the endpoint and the packet-switched network. The access device identifier is then compared with a last known access device identifier associated with the endpoint to enable determining if the location information is valid. |
| US08451825B2 |
Systems and methods to confirm initiation of a callback
Methods and apparatuses to initiate callback with confirmation. In one embodiment, a method includes: receiving a reference (e.g., a callback phone number) in a request for a connection to a destination; providing a code via the reference in response to the request; receiving a code to confirm the request; determining whether the received code matches the provided code; and initiating a connection via the reference for the connection to the destination if the received code matches the provided code. |
| US08451818B2 |
Radio protocol for mobile communication system and method
Radio protocol for a next generation mobile communication system is disclosed including a radio link control layer for connecting to an upper layer through a service access point provided in advance and for connecting to a lower layer through a plurality of logic channels provided in advance The radio link control layer includes at least one radio link control entity for transmission/reception of data to/from up-link or down-link according to a form of a data transmission mode. |
| US08451815B2 |
Method for a wireless personal area network
The present invention relates to a method for a first coordinator operating at a first channel frequency in a wireless personal area network (WPAN), the WPAN further comprising a second coordinator operating a second channel frequency, the method comprising the steps of transmitting a message at a plurality of channel frequencies including the second channel frequency, requesting the second coordinator to change from the second channel frequency to the first channel frequency, and communicating with the second coordinator using the first channel frequency. As discussed above, advantages with the present invention includes that no priority based mechanism is needed due to the fact that the coordinator that initiates (e.g. starts) communication-decides on used frequency. Furthermore, every coordinator is able to have the coordinator it wants to communicate with to change to its decided frequency. The present invention also relates to a corresponding method for a second coordinator, a first and a second coordinator, a system comprising at least a first and a second coordinator, and a corresponding computer program. |
| US08451813B2 |
Method of determining transmission rate of control response frame for acknowledging data receipt in wireless LAN
A method is provided for determining a transmission rate of a control response frame for acknowledging data receipt in a wireless local area network. The method includes obtaining transmission parameters of a transmitting station from a data transmission frame received from the transmitting station, searching a receiving station for transmission parameters which correspond to the transmission parameters of the transmitting station, determining the transmission rate of the control response frame according to transmission parameters of the receiving station if the transmission parameters corresponding to the transmission parameters of the transmitting station are found in the receiving station, and determining a maximum rate among a set of basic transmission rates to be the transmission rate of the control response frame if the transmission parameters corresponding to the transmission parameters of the transmitting station are not found in the receiving station. |
| US08451808B2 |
Techniques for 40 megahertz (MHz) channel switching
Embodiments of the invention include methods, articles, and apparatuses to provide information related to channels transmitted and received according to a wireless communications protocol. One embodiment of the invention provides a method comprising generating channel offset information corresponding to an extension channel within a channel of a wireless communications protocol, and transmitting the channel offset information as part of channel information to be transmitted to one or more remote devices communicating according to the wireless communications protocol. Other embodiments are also disclosed. |
| US08451804B2 |
Method and protocol for handling access attempts for communications systems
An improved access attempt procedure for call establishment is achieved by deriving a probability of access transmission as a function of both a priority level for access attempts and a random access cause, and performing link establishment authentication and security control call establishment based upon the deriving. |
| US08451799B2 |
Security update procedure for zone switching in mixed-mode WiMAX network
A zone switching method is disclosed for use in a mixed-mode WiMAX environment. The zone switching method is useful in a WiMAX network having both 802.16e (legacy) and 802.16e/802.16m (mixed-mode, or advanced) entities, including mobile stations, base stations, and access service network entities. The zone switching method includes anchor authenticator relocation, dual security context maintenance, and security updates for both entry-before-break-capable mobile stations and for those mobile stations with slower switching speeds. The zone switching method enables an advanced mobile station to seamlessly switch from legacy to mixed-mode operation once the mixed-mode entities are available to service the 802.16m operations. |
| US08451794B2 |
Heterogeneous access service network (ASN)-gateway in an ASN in a worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WIMAX) communication network
A heterogeneous Access Service Network-Gateway (ASN-GW) in an ASN in a WiMAX communication network. The heterogeneous ASN-GW includes a radio resource module and a handover module. The radio resource module provides Radio Resource Management (RRM) to a set of BTSs in the ASN. A BTS operates in one of the second-profile and the first-profile. The handover module is operatively coupled with the radio resource module. The handover module provides handover management to at least one BTS. |
| US08451793B2 |
Wireless terminal and communication system switching method
A wireless terminal involving small redundancy that can be reconfigured to a configuration compatible with a plurality of systems using the hardware resources compatible with one system is provided. A wireless terminal 100A is compatible with an OFCDM system and has a signal processing section 151, a synchronous detection section 162, etc. The signal processing section 151 performs Fourier transform when the wireless terminal is compatible with the OFCDM system; the signal processing section 151 performs Fourier transform and inverse Fourier transform compatible with an OFDM system when the wireless terminal is compatible with the OFDM system and a CDMA system. When the wireless terminal is compatible with the OFCDM system, the synchronous detection section 162 uses taps used in the systems when the wireless terminal is compatible with the OFDM system and the CDMA system. When the wireless terminal 100A is placed out of the area in the OFCDM system, it is switched to a configuration compatible with the OFDM system and the CDMA system. |
| US08451792B2 |
Base station apparatus and communication control method
The object is achieved by providing a base station apparatus for performing time and frequency scheduling in uplink packet access with: an interference amount measurement part configured to measure an uplink interference amount for each interference amount measurement unit which comprises a predetermined period and a predetermined number of frequency blocks; an interference amount determination part configured to determine whether the uplink interference amount satisfies a predetermined condition; and an overload indicator reporting part configured to report an overload indicator to a neighboring cell when the predetermined condition is satisfied. |
| US08451786B2 |
Device and method for transmitting information
An apparatus and a method for transmitting information in vehicle-to-vehicle communication based on IEEE802.11 standard WLAN, which involves both safety information based on the IEEE802.11p standard and non-safety-related information based on another IEEE802.11 standard being transmitted. The apparatus is equipped with a transmission and/or reception device which has a WLAN chipset. In order to achieve the vehicle-to-vehicle communication with a single piece of hardware, provision is made for the WLAN chipset to be able to be changed over by a control command between a first mode based on the IEEE802.11p standard and a second mode based on another IEEE802.11 standard and for the apparatus to have a control device which changes over the mode of the WLAN chipset using a control command. |
| US08451780B2 |
Method and system for processing bearer under ISR mechanism
A method and a system for processing a bearer under an idle mode signaling reduction (ISR) mechanism are provided. The method for processing a bearer under an ISR mechanism includes the following steps. A mobility management network element acquires an access mode of a current network. The mobility management network element notifies a serving gateway (SGW) of the access mode of the current network, so that the SGW processes bearer according to the access mode of the current network. It can be ensured that the access mode of the current network is consistent with the access mode for a policy and charging control (PCC) strategy adopted during a bearing procedure under the ISR mechanism. |
| US08451779B2 |
Emergency support for voice over internet protocol (VoIP) over mixed macro and femto networks
A device receives, from an emergency call server (ECS), a query that includes a telephone number, a femto global positioning system (GPS) identifier, and an Internet protocol (IP) address associated with a user equipment (UE) placing an emergency call. The device obtains a serving cell E-UTRAN cell global identifier (ECGI) of the UE based on the query, and determines whether the ECGI is a macro ECGI associated with a base station or a femto ECGI associated with a femto cell. |
| US08451777B2 |
Techniques to assign multiple identifiers in a wireless network
Techniques are described that can be used to assign identifiers to mobile stations in a Network Access Provider (NAP) domain and a paging identifier. In some cases, the NAP identifier and paging identifier can be unique in the NAP domain and the paging group domain. The paging identifier can be derived from a NAP identifier. |
| US08451776B2 |
Method and apparatus to facilitate support for multi-radio coexistence
A method includes identifying coexistence issues among radios in a User Equipment (UE). The method also includes submitting a message to a base station that requests reconfiguring of a timing schedule of a first one of the supported radios to provide for periods of inactivity of the first one of the supported radios. The inactive periods provide operating periods for at least a second one of the supported radios. The inactive periods may be measurement gaps. |
| US08451775B2 |
Method for partitioning cell identities according to cell type in wireless communication system and an apparatus therefor
A method of transmitting a cell type information, which is transmitted by a base station in a wireless communication system, is disclosed. The present invention includes broadcasting a boundary point information (Z) between a cell identity of a public ABS (advanced base station) and a cell identity of a private ABS via an S-SFH SP3 (secondary-super frame header subpacket3). In this case, the boundary point information (Z) is a range information of cell identity partitions partitioned by granularity of 10 sequences or 20 sequences per segment and a total number of the cell identity partitions is 16. Further, the range information of cell identity partitions includes information that all cell identities are cell identities of the private ABS or information that all cell identities are cell identities of the public ABS except for cell identities of a macro ABS. |
| US08451773B2 |
Dynamic lightweight remote management of hybrid femtocell gateways
System(s) and method(s) that facilitate dynamic remote management of consumer premise devices comprising femtocells integrated into broadband gateways are presented. A communication network platform is associated with a consumer premise device(s) and can include a remote management component that facilitates dynamic and remote management of consumer premise devices in a wireless communication network. The remote management component monitors and measures desired parameters respectively associated with a consumer premise devices and employs remote controls to remotely adjust parameters based on predetermined optimization criteria. The remote management component calculates channel capacity based on measured channel signal-to-noise ratio to facilitate determining whether to hand off a current cell to another cell, wherein at least one cell is associated with a consumer premise device. The remote management component can generate and store Quality of Service profiles respectively associated with the consumer premise devices to facilitate remote management of the consumer premise devices. |
| US08451771B2 |
Medium reservation techniques for multi-user transmissions
Techniques are provided for a multi-user reservation sequence used when transmitting a multi-user transmission in a wireless network. At a wireless access point device configured to operate in a wireless network, a multi-user request-to-send packet is transmitted as part of a multi-user reservation sequence prior to a multi-user transmission from the wireless access point device to a plurality of wireless client devices that are the intended recipients for the multi-user transmission. The multi-user request-to-send packet comprises duration information and address information configured to address at least some of the plurality of wireless client devices. Clear-to-send packets transmitted from two or more of the plurality of wireless client devices in response to the multi-user request-to-send packet are received at the wireless access point device. Each clear-to-send packet comprises identical content. In some scenarios, the multi-user request-to-send packet is preceded by a single-user request-to-send packet directed to a designated wireless client device. |
| US08451766B2 |
Method for measuring node location using MAC layer of wireless personal area network
Provided is a method for measuring a node location using a Media Access Control (MAC) layer of a Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN). The method, includes: requesting ranging measurement to the mobile node by broadcasting an MAC frame where ranging measurement start is displayed according to a ranging measurement request message for a mobile node transmitted from outside; and receiving ranging measurement information measured in the mobile node as a response to the broadcasted MAC frame and broadcasting an MAC frame where ranging measurement end is displayed. |
| US08451763B2 |
Wireless local area network-based position locating systems and methods
The location of one or more mobile nodes in a wireless local area network (WLAN) is determined. Nodes in the WLAN include respective ping drivers to generate ping event values related to transmit count stamps and receive count stamps for wireless messages exchanged between the nodes. Each wireless message is associated with a transmit offset corresponding to an expected transmit time. A sorting module groups the ping event values and produces a difference between the respective receive count stamps and the transmit count stamps for each wireless message. Based on the sorted ping event values, the sorting module generates transmit offset values relating to the transmit offsets. A space-time calibration unit generates, from the sorted differences and the transmit offset values, a clock rate solution and a location solution for at least one of the nodes in the WLAN. |
| US08451761B2 |
Power management method for station in wireless LAN system and station that supports same
A power management method of a station in a wireless local area network (WLAN) system and the station supporting the method are provided. The method includes: transmitting to an access point (AP) a power save configuration (PSC) request frame for reporting that the STA intends to transition to a power save (PS) mode; receiving from the AP a PSC response frame in response to the PSC request frame; and after receiving the PSC response frame, entering the PS mode. |
| US08451757B2 |
Method for receiving preamble from other communication system and method for adaptively changing the measurement gap to discover the other communication system
A method for receiving a preamble signal of another communication system and a method for adaptively changing a measurement gap to discover another communication system are disclosed. A method for receiving a preamble signal from a base station of a second communication system by a communicating mobile station in a first communication system includes receiving measurement gap scheduling information from a base station of the first communication system, if a preamble signal of the second communication system is not received during an assigned measurement gap, changing the measurement gap, and receiving the preamble signal of the second communication system during the changed measurement gap. |
| US08451755B2 |
Access control to telecommunications conference hosting resources
Telecommunications conference hosting resources are allocated for the management of a conferencing function by generating a validation for each of a plurality of conference hosts to permit access to the telecommunications conference hosting resources for a predetermined duration selectable by the respective conference hosts. Telecommunications conference hosting resources are allocated to each conference host for the predetermined duration so as to allow the conference host to make multiple accessions to the telecommunications conference hosting resources at any time before the expiry of the predetermined duration. The telecommunications conference hosting resources are connected to the conference host in response to such accessions. Different conference hosts may be validated for use of the same resources for different durations. Allocation of resources is prioritized for the conference hosts according to the duration selected by each of the conference hosts. |
| US08451751B2 |
Channel management method in a distributed spectrum cognitive radio network
A source-assisted channel management method in a distributed spectrum cognitive radio wireless network handling a source of multimedia stream data handles a plurality of communicating devices (1, 2, 3) forming a group, and manages channels with no separate controller that is referenced in applicable IEEE standard. The source makes the reservation on behalf of the device group knows traffic schedule, and determines out-of-band channel scanning, back up channel and channel vacation. The method uses a flexible MAC superframe structure and proactively scans for back-up channels which could be used in lieu of the current channel, identifies devices in the group which should vacate a current channel when any one device from the group of communicating devices (1, 2, 3) detects an incumbent, and make a determination as to when the wireless network should vacate the current channel based on said traffic schedule. The method ensures that no interference is caused to existing users and maintains QoS. |
| US08451748B2 |
Method and system for configuring a device that has failed to obtain network address
Method and system for configuring a device that has failed to obtain a network address. In one aspect of the invention, a method for remotely configuring a device includes attempting to obtain a network address from a network server over a network, and receiving a valid network address over the network from a remote device connected to the network in response to failing to obtain the network address from the network server. |
| US08451744B2 |
Partitioning directed acyclic graph (DAG) topologies
In one embodiment, network statistics may be monitored for a first directed acyclic graph (DAG) from a first root node, and based on those network statistics, a trigger may be determined to partition the first DAG. As such, a candidate second root node may be selected for each of one or more DAG partitions, and a tunnel may be established between the first root node and the one or more second root nodes. Each second root node may then establish a new DAG partition with itself as the root (and with the same DAG parameters as the first DAG), wherein nodes of the first DAG remain with the first DAG or attach to the new DAG partition based on one or more metrics associated with each respective root (e.g., reachability, cost, DAG rank, etc.). |
| US08451743B2 |
Method of determining transmission rate of control response frame for acknowledging data receipt in wireless LAN
A method is provided for determining a transmission rate of a control response frame for acknowledging data receipt in a wireless local area network. The method includes obtaining transmission parameters of a transmitting station from a data transmission frame received from the transmitting station, searching a receiving station for transmission parameters which correspond to the transmission parameters of the transmitting station, determining the transmission rate of the control response frame according to transmission parameters of the receiving station if the transmission parameters corresponding to the transmission parameters of the transmitting station are found in the receiving station, and determining a maximum rate among a set of basic transmission rates to be the transmission rate of the control response frame if the transmission parameters corresponding to the transmission parameters of the transmitting station are not found in the receiving station. |
| US08451741B2 |
Jitter-based media layer adaptation in real-time communication systems
It is a basic idea to determine the characteristics of a jitter profile measured over a plurality of packets, and classify the jitter profile based on the determined characteristics as well as information representative of the particular access used for communication between the sender and the receiver. The classified jitter profile is then matched to an appropriate action for media layer adaptation so that a proper action for media layer adaptation can be initiated. |
| US08451740B2 |
Compensating for drifts occurring during sleep times in access terminals
A method and apparatus are presented for compensating drifts in access terminals occurring during a sleep time. The method includes determining whether a sleep time exceeds a threshold, buffering time domain samples containing acquisition pilots and a paging channel, powering down RF circuitry in the access terminal after buffering samples, processing the samples to compensate for drift, and determining whether the access terminal was paged based upon the processed samples. The apparatus includes a digital front end, an FFT engine coupled to the digital front end, a symbol buffer coupled to the FFT engine, a processor coupled to the digital front end, FFT engine, and symbol buffer, and a memory coupled to the processor, the memory further comprising instructions for executing the method. |
| US08451733B2 |
Methods of optimizing scanning parameters for a plurality of channels in a wireless band
A method of optimizing scanning parameters for a plurality of channels in a wireless band includes identifying channels in the plurality of channels as overlapping channels and identifying channels in the plurality of channels as non-overlapping channels, wherein each of the non-overlapping channels transmits and receives signals at frequencies that do not overlap frequencies of other non-overlapping channels. Then scanning parameters for each channel are optimized in order to assign the scanning parameters to be normal scanning parameters or extended scanning parameters, the extended scanning parameters indicating longer scanning times used for scanning channels than that of the normal scanning parameters. Next each overlapping channel is scanned with a networked electronic device using the normal scanning parameters. The method also includes scanning each non-overlapping channel with the networked electronic device using the extended scanning parameters. |
| US08451731B1 |
Network monitoring using virtual packets
A network monitoring device includes a flow processing element, disposed to receive flow information relating to network flows, and to generate a set of virtual packets, each representing a portion of a network flow. The virtual packets are maintained in a time-sequential order, and read by elements of the network monitoring device to generate information relating to network traffic, such as symptoms affecting the communication network, problems affecting the communication network, and otherwise. The network monitoring device randomly samples virtual packets, with at least one of two effects: (1) flow information from traffic reporting devices that are themselves sampling at differing rates can be equalized, with the effect of standardizing information from all of them; (2) the network monitoring device itself can restrict its attention to a fraction of all virtual packets, with the effect of keeping up with a relatively large number of virtual packets. |
| US08451729B2 |
Embedded device and packet forwarding method
An embedded device includes a wide area network (WAN) port, a plurality of local area network (LAN) ports, and a packet forwarding module to forward packets from the LAN ports to the WAN port. The packet forwarding module detects whether any packets are being dropped in the WAN port, and turns on a bandwidth classification mechanism if the packets are being dropped. The packet forwarding module classifies packets from the LAN ports into different types, and determines the amount of traffic for each type of packet in a fixed time period. The packet forwarding module further compares whether the traffic of each type of packet exceeds a predefined threshold, regards the packets within the predefined threshold as normal packets, and the packets exceeding the predefined threshold as abuse packets. The packet forwarding module drops the abuse packets, and forwards the normal packets to the WAN port. |
| US08451721B2 |
Path-based adaptive prioritization and latency management
An improved solution for managing messages through a request response protocol network utilizing a path-based adaptive prioritization and latency management is provided. A weight for a message is determined at a message management computing device based upon a number of hops and a latency of networks passed through by the message. A hop latency target for a current hop segment is evaluated relative to an overall latency target and the determined weight for the message. A priority of the message is adjusted in response to determining that the overall latency target, relative to the weight for the message and the hop latency target for the current hop segment, exceeds a configured allowable hop latency deviation for the current hop segment. |
| US08451720B2 |
Wireless transmission system, wireless communication device and wireless transmission method
Disclosed herein is a wireless transmission system including a plurality of antenna pairs; a demodulation functional unit; and a transmission characteristic correction unit. The plurality of antenna pairs each including a transmission antenna and a reception antenna. A wireless signal transmitted from a transmission antenna directly arrives as a desired wave at a corresponding reception antenna. Meanwhile, a wireless signal transmitted from a different transmission antenna directly arrives as an unnecessary wave at the reception antenna. The demodulation functional unit corresponding to each antenna pair demodulates a modulation signal received by the reception antenna. The transmission characteristic correction unit carries out correction calculation based on a transmission characteristic of a transmission space between the transmission and reception antennae based on demodulation signals demodulated by the demodulation functional units to acquire an output signal corresponding to a transmission subject signal. |
| US08451715B1 |
Avoiding data loss in a multi-homed layer two bridging network
A network system includes a provider backbone bridged network (PBBN) and a multi-homed provider bridge network (PBN) having a plurality of L2 switches that operate as backboned edge bridges (BEBs) to bridges L2 packets between the PBN and the PBBN. A first one of the L2 switches is configured to bridge L2 packets from a first backbone VLAN (B-VLAN) to the PBN when a physical link of the multi-homed PBN is operational. The L2 switch is further configured to shunt the L2 packets from the first backbone VLAN to a second one of the L2 switches operating as a secondary BEB of the multi-homed PBN via a second B-VLAN when the physical link is non-operational. |
| US08451714B2 |
PSTN bypass for IP media
A system and method for using a PSTN as a fallback for the IP media when the IP network cannot pass the media acceptably and while continuing to use the IP network for call control and other features. In one embodiment, a call controller has a media monitoring module, a bypass module and a PSTN control module. Once a call has been established between endpoints using a primary IP network, the media monitoring module monitors for degradation in call quality. If degradation in call quality is detected, the bypass module transfers the data communication to a secondary network such as a PSTN while the call control continues to be over the primary network. The present invention also includes a variety of methods including a method for falling back to a secondary network and a method for dynamically switching between a primary and a secondary network to ensure call quality. |
| US08451713B2 |
Special marker message for link aggregation marker protocol
A network element aggregates a number of its ports together to form a link aggregation group. To move communications from one of the aggregated ports in case that port fails or otherwise becomes inactive, the network element may use exchange a special marker message and response with a remote network element coupled to the failed port. The network elements use proprietary signaling within the special marker message and response to enable the exchange of these messages on an active one of the aggregated ports while identifying the failed one of the ports. |
| US08451712B2 |
Restoring aggregated circuits with circuit integrity checks in a hierarchical network
A system and method is disclosed that assures component circuits transported in aggregated circuits restore correctly after an aggregated circuit fault. The system and method implements component circuit tail segment integrity checks whenever an aggregated circuit is restored in a higher level of a network hierarchy. Switches at both ends of an aggregated circuit perform circuit integrity checks of the tail segments of every component circuit. A failure of the component circuit integrity check on any component circuit causes that component circuit to be released and restored end-to-end. |
| US08451710B2 |
Sub-packet pulse-based communications
Low power wireless communication techniques may be employed in devices that communicate via a wireless body area network, a wireless personal area network, or some other type of wireless communication link. In some implementations the devices may communicate via one or more impulse-based ultra-wideband channels. Inter-pulse duty cycling may be employed to reduce the power consumption of a device. Power may be provided for the transmissions and receptions of pulses by charging and discharging a capacitive element according to the inter-pulse duty cycling. Sub-packet data may be transmitted and received via a common frequency band. A cell phone may multicast to two or more peripherals via wireless communication links. |
| US08451707B1 |
Semiconductor wafer patterned with thermally-assisted recording (TAR) head structures
A semiconductor wafer has a plurality of patterned thermally-assisted recording (TAR) head structures. Each TAR head structure includes a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL). The semiconductor substrate serves as an extended cavity for the VCSEL. Each TAR head structure also includes a conventional read head and write head, and an optical waveguide with a grating coupler and a near-field transducer (NFT). |
| US08451706B2 |
Vertical cavity surface emitting laser, vertical-cavity-surface-emitting-laser device, optical transmission apparatus, and information processing apparatus
A vertical cavity surface emitting laser includes a semiconductor substrate, a first semiconductor multilayer film reflector of a first conductivity type laminated on the semiconductor substrate, a resonator, and a second semiconductor multilayer film reflector of a second conductivity type laminated on the resonator. In each of the first and second semiconductor multilayer film reflectors, a pair of a high-refractive-index layer and a low-refractive-index layer is stacked. The resonator includes an active layer laminated on the first semiconductor multilayer film reflector. The resonator includes a pair of spacer layers and a resonator extending region. A composition of at least a layer included in the resonator extending region is different from any of compositions of the semiconductor substrate, the first semiconductor multilayer film reflector, and the second semiconductor multilayer film reflector. |
| US08451705B2 |
Plasmonic transducer having two metal elements with a gap disposed therebetween
An apparatus includes a waveguide configured to deliver light to a transducer region. The apparatus also includes a plasmonic transducer that has two metal elements configured as side-by-side plates on a substrate-parallel plane with a gap therebetween. The gap is disposed along the substrate-parallel plane and has an input end disposed proximate the transducer region and an output end. The transducer is configured to provide a surface plasmon-enhanced near-field radiation pattern proximate the output end in response to the light received by the waveguide. |
| US08451703B2 |
Optical pickup and optical information recording and reproducing apparatus
An optical pickup includes a light source, an optical system for irradiating a recording medium including a plurality of recording layers with light from the light source, a diffraction optical element that divides light reflected from the recording medium into a plurality of optical fluxes and diffracts the fluxes, and an optical detector receiving the optical flux diffracted by the diffraction optical element. The optical detector includes a light receiving element detecting a focus error signal, wherein a longitudinal direction of the light receiving element is arranged to coincide with a circumferential direction of the recording medium, or arranged to be inclined to a circumferential or radial direction. |
| US08451701B2 |
System and method for suppressing jitter
A system and method for suppressing jitter in a digital data signal in a signal processor system. The digital data signal has spaced apart byte allocation units wherein such spacing is increased such that unallocated bytes can be identified and removed from the digital data signal. The byte allocation units of the digital data signal are suppressed with a digital data signal being outputted from the signal processor system having suppressed byte allocation units to suppress the occurrence of jitter. |
| US08451698B2 |
Optical disk reproducing device and optical disk recording and reproducing device
An optical disk reproducing device includes: a signal reproducing section configured to read and decode information recorded on an optical disk by an optical pickup unit, and reproduce the information, wherein the signal reproducing section includes a gain controlled amplifier circuit configured to amplify an radio frequency signal generated from a light receiving element, an automatic gain control circuit configured to control a gain of the gain controlled amplifier circuit, and a signal processing section configured to derive a part of an automatic gain control value generated in the automatic gain control circuit, and generate a control signal for adjusting one of an optical system path and a detection system path for controlling the optical pickup unit. |
| US08451693B2 |
Micromachined ultrasonic transducer having compliant post structure
A compression post capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer (CMUT) is provided. The compression post CMUT includes a first electrode, a top conductive layer having a pattern of post holes, a moveable mass that includes the first electrode. The compression post CMUT further includes an operating gap disposed between the top surface of the top conductive layer and a bottom surface of the moveable mass, a pattern of compression posts, where a proximal end the compression post is connected perpendicularly to a bottom surface of the moveable mass, where the pattern of compression posts span through the pattern of post holes. The top conductive layer includes the second electrode that is electronically insulated from the first electrode, where the pattern of compression posts compress to provide a restoring force in a direction that is normal to the bottom surface of the moveable mass. |
| US08451692B2 |
Underwater communications
An environmental monitoring system including at least one underwater measurement device and a transmitter for transmitting data from the measurement device to an above water station using a magnetically coupled antenna. |
| US08451689B2 |
Ultrasonic apparatus with an adjustable horn
The present invention discloses an ultrasonic apparatus with an adjustable horn. The ultrasonic apparatus comprises a transmission device, a horn and an ultrasonic transceiver device. The horn and the transmission device are geared by a helical gear. The ultrasonic transceiver device is connected to the end of the helical gear. When the transmission device moves the horn to a first position, the ultrasonic transceiver device is applied for on/off control; while the transmission device moves the horn to a second position, the ultrasonic sensor is applied for digital control. |
| US08451680B2 |
Method of driving a semiconductor memory device with a sense amplifier controller for maintaining the connection of a previously selected memory cell array
A semiconductor memory device includes a bit line sense amplifier block array, upper and lower memory cell arrays and a sense amplifier controller. The bit line sense amplifier block array senses and amplifies data of a memory cell array. The upper and the lower memory cell arrays are respectively connected to upper and lower sides of the bit line sense amplifier block array and store the data in the memory cell array. The sense amplifier controller selectively connects one of the upper and lower memory cell arrays to the bit line sense amplifier block array in response to an active command, and releases the connection when a corresponding one of the upper and lower memory cell arrays are not selected but overdriven. |
| US08451679B1 |
Dual-port SRAM with bit line clamping
In one embodiment, a memory is provided that includes: a write driver for selectively driving a driven pair of bit lines selected from a plurality of bit line pairs during a write operation; a first stage clamping circuit operable to clamp a pair of internal nodes to a clamping voltage, wherein the first stage clamping circuit is further operable to unclamp the pair of internal nodes during the write operation; a bit line multiplexer for selectively coupling the driven bit line pair to the pair of internal nodes; and a second stage clamping circuit operable to clamp the plurality of bit line pairs to the clamping voltage, wherein the second stage clamping circuit is further operable to unclamp the driven bit line pair during the write operation. |
| US08451678B2 |
Semiconductor device including internal voltage generation circuit
A semiconductor integrated circuit device has a negative voltage generation circuit provided at each power supply circuit unit for six memory macros. Therefore, the response with respect to variation in a negative voltage is increased. In a standby mode, a negative voltage supply line for the six memory macros is connected by a switch circuit, and only a negative voltage generation circuit of one power supply circuit unit among six negative voltage generation circuits of the six power supply circuit units is rendered active. Thus, increase in standby current can be prevented. |
| US08451670B2 |
Adaptive and dynamic stability enhancement for memories
Adaptive and dynamic stability enhancement for memories is described. In one example, the enhancement includes a plurality of sensors each located near a plurality of memory cells to provide a sensor voltage, a controller to receive the sensor voltage and provide a control signal based thereon, and a read/write assist circuit coupled to the controller to adjust a parameter applied to reading from and writing to a memory cell of the plurality of memory cells in response to the control signal. |
| US08451663B2 |
Method of programming nonvolatile memory device including first and second sense operations in program loop
A method of programming a nonvolatile memory device comprises programming target memory cells among a plurality of memory cells connected to a wordline, performing a first sensing operation on the plurality of memory cells, and selectively performing a second sensing operation on the target memory cells based on a result of the first sensing operation. |
| US08451662B2 |
Reading memory cell history during program operation for adaptive programming
Subject matter disclosed herein relates to a memory device, and more particularly to write performance of a memory device. |
| US08451658B2 |
Method for page- and block based scrambling in non-volatile memory
A method and system for programming and reading data with reduced read errors in a memory device. In one approach, date to be written to the memory device is scrambled using a first pseudo random number which is generated based on a number of a page of the memory device to which the data is to be written and a second pseudo random number which is generated based on a number of a block of the memory device to which the data is to be written. This avoids bit line-to-bit line and block-to-block redundancies which can result in read errors. The data may also be scrambled based on a number of a section within a page. |
| US08451651B2 |
Semiconductor device
An object is to provide a semiconductor device with a novel structure, which can hold stored data even when not powered and which has an unlimited number of write cycles. A semiconductor device is formed using a material capable of sufficiently reducing the off-state current of a transistor, such as an oxide semiconductor material that is a widegap semiconductor. The use of a semiconductor material capable of sufficiently reducing the off-state current of a transistor allows data to be held for a long time. In addition, the timing of potential change in a signal line is delayed relative to the timing of potential change in a write word line. This makes it possible to prevent a data writing error. |
| US08451646B2 |
Resistive random access memory and the method of operating the same
A resistive random access memory utilizing gate induced drain leakage current as the read operation current and the write operation current and a method of operation the same, wherein the resistive random access memory including a plurality of arrayed memory cells, a plurality of bit-lines and a plurality word-lines, each memory cell including: a switching resistor having a first terminal and a second terminal, the first terminal of the switching resistor being connected to one bit-line; and a MOSFET being connected to the second terminal and having a gate, a source, a drain and a substrate, the gate being connected to one word-line, the read operation current and the write operation current of the memory cell being gate induced drain leakage current of the MOSFET. The RRAM array presented in this invention has superior scalability for resistors as well as transistors, which leads to a memory array with higher density. |
| US08451638B2 |
Power converter with reverse recovery avoidance
Reverse recovery avoidance when converting power is provided. A first switch and second switch may be operated to supply an AC load with positive current, respective to the AC load, from a DC power source. A third and fourth switch may be operated to supply the AC load with negative current, respective to the AC load, from the DC power source. Four diodes may be employed with the switches. One diode may conduct the positive current when the first switch is off and the second switch is on. Another diode may conduct the negative current when the third switch is off and the fourth switch is on. |
| US08451637B1 |
Power transfer devices, methods, and systems with crowbar switch shunting energy-transfer reactance
The present application discloses methods, circuits and systems for power conversion, using a universal multiport architecture. When a transient appears on the power input (which can be, for example, polyphase AC), the input and output switches are opened, and a crowbar switch shunts the inductance which is used for energy transfer. This prevents this inductance from creating an overvoltage when it is disconnected from outside lines. |
| US08451635B2 |
Switching power supply device having a constant voltage characteristic and semiconductor device
The switching power supply device includes: an input unit which receives an input voltage; a transformer which includes a primary winding and a secondary winding; an output unit which provides an output voltage; a switching element; and a control circuit. The control circuit includes: a T2on measuring unit which measures a secondary-side conduction time period; a frequency control circuit which provides a second signal used for changing an on-frequency of the switching element in order to narrow a difference between the measured secondary-side conduction time period and a reference value; a primary current detecting circuit which detects a primary current; a current comparing circuit which provides a third signal used for turning the switching element off when the detected primary current becomes equal to a threshold value; and an oscillation control circuit which controls on-off switching of the switching element according to the second signal and the third signal. |
| US08451630B2 |
Reset voltage circuit for a forward power converter
A reset voltage circuit for a forward power converter includes a reset capacitor and a memory capacitor. The reset capacitor is to be coupled to recycle energy from a primary winding of a transformer to an input bulk capacitor during a resetting of the transformer. The memory capacitor is to be coupled to store a first voltage equal to an input voltage of the power converter when the input voltage is at a steady-state value. The memory capacitor is further to set a voltage across the primary winding during the resetting of the transformer to a magnitude greater than or equal to the first voltage when the input voltage of the forward power converter drops below the steady-state value. |
| US08451627B2 |
Devices and methods for converting alternating current (AC) power to direct current (DC) power
Methods, circuit designs, systems, and devices for the conversion of high voltage alternating current (AC) to low voltage, high current direct current (DC) are described. An exemplary apparatus includes a rectifier for receiving a high voltage AC line power input and for outputting a full wave, high voltage DC, a gating component coupled to the rectifier for receiving the high voltage DC output by the rectifier, wherein the gating component is configured to gate the high voltage DC by turning on at a zero crossing level and turning off when the high voltage DC exceeds a preset voltage threshold and wherein the output of the gating component is an intermediate voltage DC capped by the preset voltage threshold, and a DC-DC converter coupled to the gating component for receiving the intermediate voltage DC output by the gating component, wherein the DC-DC converter is configured to step down and smooth out the intermediate voltage DC to a desired high current, low voltage DC output. |
| US08451621B2 |
Semiconductor component and method of manufacture
A semiconductor component and a method for manufacturing the semiconductor component, wherein the semiconductor component includes stacked semiconductor die. In accordance with embodiments, the semiconductor component includes a substrate having a component receiving area and a plurality of bond pads. A semiconductor chip is attached to the component receiving area. An electrical connector is coupled to the semiconductor chip and the substrate. A second semiconductor chip is mounted or attached to one of the ends of the electrical connector such that this end is positioned between the semiconductor chips. A second electrical connector is coupled between the second semiconductor chip and the substrate. A third semiconductor chip is mounted over or attached to the second electrical connector such that a portion is between the second and third semiconductor chips. |
| US08451618B2 |
Integrated antennas in wafer level package
A semiconductor module having one or more integrated antennas in a single package is provided herein to comprise a bonding interconnect structure having a plurality of individual bonding elements that are confined to a relatively small area of the bottom of a package. In particular, the semiconductor module comprises a bonding interconnect structure configured to connect an integrated package to a printed circuit board (PCB), wherein the integrated antenna structures are located at greater center-to-center distance from the IC device than the three dimensional interconnect structures. Therefore, the bonding interconnect structures are confined to a connection area that causes a part of the package containing the one or more antenna structures to extend beyond the bonding interconnect structure as a cantilevered structure. Such a bonding interconnect structure result in a package that is in contact with a PCB at a relatively small area that supports the load of the package. |
| US08451617B2 |
Integrated circuit board
An integrated circuit board includes a bridging filtering capacitor, a bypass capacitor, a thermistor, and a varistor. The integrated circuit board further includes an electrolytic capacitor set having a plurality of electrolytic capacitors, which are arranged in parallel and adjacent to each other, and a mounting frame for grouping the electrolytic capacitors. The present invention uses the above elements to reduce the vertical height, the horizontal width, and the occupied area. Therefore, the overall dimension of the circuit board can be reduced to make the electronic devices smaller, especially for thin electronic devices such as LCD TVs and screens. |
| US08451605B2 |
Enclosure of electronic apparatus
An enclosure of an electronic apparatus, includes a chassis and a fan bracket assembly. The fan bracket assembly is mounted in the chassis. The fan bracket assembly includes a first fan bracket with a first fan mounted therein and a second fan bracket with a second fan mounted therein. The second fan bracket is pivotably mounted on the first fan bracket, and configured to be positioned at different positions relative to the first fan bracket. |
| US08451604B2 |
Chimney-based cooling mechanism for computing devices
A mechanism is described for chimney-based cooling of computer components. A method of embodiments of the invention includes determining heat-emitting components of a computing device. The method further includes coupling a chimney to one or more of the heat-emitting components such that chimney effect of the chimney is used to guide air associated with a component in and out of the chimney. |
| US08451603B2 |
Attachment mechanism
An attachment mechanism for attaching a first component and a second component includes at least a body integrally formed with the first component. In the described embodiment, the body includes at least a first portion, and a second portion spaced apart from the first portion where the first portion is deflectable in at least a first direction and the second portion is deflectable in at least a second direction substantially orthogonal to the first direction. The second portion secures the second component to the first component with a securing force proportional to an amount of deflection of the first portion and the first portion and the second portion remain apart. |
| US08451602B2 |
Handheld electronic device
A handheld electronic device includes a first body, a second body, a flexible electrical connector, and a protection cover. The second body is slidably stacked with the first body. The flexible electrical connector is electrically connected between the first body and the second body. The cover is slidably disposed between the first body and the second body. The cover is at an initial position when the first body and the second body are in a stacked state. The cover shields the flexible electrical connector exposed after the second body moves when the first body and the second body are in a spread state. As a result, the lifetime of the handheld electronic device can be prolonged. Additionally, the available region of the handheld electronic device in the spread state can be increased to provide higher design flexibility. |
| US08451600B1 |
Heat spreading chassis for rack-mounted computer system
A computer system includes a circuit board assembly and a chassis. The circuit board assembly includes a circuit board and one or more heat producing components coupled to the circuit board. At least one of the heat producing components includes an exposed surface. The chassis includes one or more mounting portions that are coupled to the circuit board and support the circuit board. The chassis also includes one or more heat spreading portions. The heat spreading portions couple to exposed surfaces of one or more heat producing components on the circuit board. |
| US08451599B1 |
Docking system for MP3 players and other portable electronic devices
Sleeves for different portable electronic devices (portable media players, wireless telephones, handheld computers, etc.) adapt the outer contours of the devices such that all can fit within the pocket of a standard device dock. Each sleeve situates its portable electronic device within the pocket of the dock such that at least one of its power/communications ports is situated at a standard location. The device dock then also accommodates a connector which fits within the dock pocket, and which has power/communications ports situated at the standard location, such that when the sleeved device is inserted into the pocket, its power/communications ports interface with the power/communications ports of the connector. The connector can incorporate data storage devices, power supplies, interface cables extending to other devices (such as personal computers, stereo systems, etc.) such that it lends the functionality of these devices to the sleeved device situated within the pocket. |
| US08451597B2 |
Electronic device
An electronic device includes a housing, at least one expansion card, a motherboard and a fixing member. The motherboard is assembled into the housing, and includes at least one socket member. The socket member defines at least one expansion slot to receive the expansion card. The housing includes a bottom plate and a side plate extending substantially perpendicular to the bottom plate. The fixing member is rotatably connected to the side plate. The fixing member resists an end of the expansion card away from the motherboard, such that the fixing member and the motherboard cooperatively defining an airflow channel therebetween. |
| US08451591B2 |
Appliance control panel
An appliance control panel is described. The control panel includes a front metal panel, a rearwardly positioned polymeric decorated film and an adhesive layer disposed between the panel and the decorated film. The film overlies an electronic control module which typically includes various displays and press-type switches. Various markings and indicia on the decorated film are visible through openings in the panel and the adhesive layer. |
| US08451588B2 |
Solid electrolytic capacitor containing a conductive coating formed from a colloidal dispersion
A solid electrolytic capacitor that includes an anode body, a dielectric overlying the anode body, a solid electrolyte overlying the dielectric, and a colloidal particle coating that overlies the solid electrolyte. The coating is formed from a colloidal particle dispersion. The particles of the dispersion contain at least two different polymer components—i.e., a conductive polymer and a latex polymer. One benefit of such a coating is that the presence of the latex polymer can help mechanically stabilize the capacitor during encapsulation due to its relatively soft nature. This helps limit delamination of the solid electrolyte and any other damage that may otherwise occur during formation of the capacitor. Furthermore, the latex polymer can also enhance the ability of the particles to be dispersed in an aqueous medium, which is desirable in various applications. |
| US08451585B2 |
Electric double layer capacitor and method of making
An electric double layer capacitor includes a container including electric insulating material for housing the capacitor. At least two electrodes including granular particulate store a charge. An aqueous electrolyte, having a generally neutral pH, floods the at least two electrodes. A separator material including a porous electrical insulating and ionic conducting material separates the at least two electrodes. At least two collectors including graphite each in contact with an electrode conduct current. An elastic compression material compressing the at least two electrodes flooded by the aqueous electrolyte maintains a firm contact of the at least two collectors with material in flooded electrodes. End caps including a high conductivity material joined to the at least two collectors make external electrical connections. |
| US08451583B2 |
Scalable power distributor
The invention relates to an elongated power distributor (100) adapted to provide electrical power to an OLED device (104), the power distributor (100) comprising—a set of power cells (102), wherein the power cells (102) are arranged along the power distributor (100), each of the power cells (102) being adapted to provide substantially identical operating currents or voltages to the OLED device (104), and—means for mechanically fixing the power distributor (100) to the OLED device (104). |
| US08451581B2 |
Passive coupler between package substrate and system board
A passive device having a portion in the package substrate and a portion in the system board such that the portions of the device are electromagnetically coupled. A transformer including inductors in the package substrate and system board electromagnetically coupled across a space between the substrate and board that is surrounded by solder balls coupling the substrate and board. A capacitor including plates in the substrate and board electromagnetically coupled across a space between the substrate and board that is surrounded by solder balls coupling the substrate and board. A core material can at least partially fill the space between the substrate and board. The solder balls surrounding the space can be coupled to ground. Metal shielding can be put in the substrate and/or board surrounding the device. The metal shielding can be coupled to the solder balls. The metal shielding can be coupled to ground. |
| US08451580B2 |
Multilayer ceramic capacitor capable of controlling equivalent series resistance
There is provided a multilayer ceramic capacitor capable of controlling equivalent series resistance (ESR) characteristics. The multilayer ceramic capacitor includes: a ceramic laminate including dielectric layers and a plurality of internal electrodes having different polarities and alternately stacked between the dielectric layers; and external electrodes formed on both sides of the ceramic laminate, wherein each of the internal electrodes includes a main electrode and a lead for connecting the main electrode to the external electrode, and an equivalent series resistance (ESR) value is determined by adjusting a ratio of a width to a length of the lead, whereby the ESR characteristics of the multilayer ceramic capacitor may be controlled. |
| US08451578B1 |
Hard drive particle cleaning system and method
A hard drive particle cleaning system includes an air source, an ionizer module coupled to the air source via upstream tubing, a mechanical shock system configured to secure a hard drive and apply a mechanical shock to the hard drive to dislodge particles inside the hard drive, and an exhaust system. The ionizer module includes a shell and an inlet nozzle arranged in a first end of the shell and coupled to the upstream tubing for supplying a stream of air from the air source into the shell. |
| US08451577B2 |
Lightning-resistant fastener, cap, fastener member, and method for attaching lightning-resistant fastener
A lightning-resistant fastener, a cap, a fastener member, and a method for attaching the lightning-resistant fastener are provided, which enhance workability and quality stability besides reliably securing an insulating property, and can lead to enhancement in safety of an airframe and reduction in manufacturing cost. A head portion 25b of a fastener main body 25 includes a head cap 50, and a shaft portion 25s of the fastener main body 25 includes a shaft cap 30, whereby a direct strike of lightning to a fastener member 24, and occurrence of an arc discharge from the fastener member 24 in the case of a lightning strike can be suppressed. A hole 52 is formed in the head cap 50, and a thread groove 52a is formed in the hole 52, whereby the head cap 50 can be reliably and easily positioned and attached to the fastener member 24. |
| US08451575B2 |
Lightning arrester
Provided is a lightning arrester capable of previously discharging charges charged depending on an approach of lightning before the lightning occurs, thereby preventing the lightning. The lightning arrester includes: a conductive rod installed at an upper part of an object to be protected from lightning and connected to a ground part; an insulator coupled with one end of the rod; a charge pipe having a cylindrical shape with pin-shaped projections extending inward therefrom and in which space charges are charged; and a charge rod inserted into the charge pipe and connected in the middle of the rod. |
| US08451573B1 |
Overvoltage protection device for a wind turbine and method
An overvoltage protection device for protecting a wind turbine against overvoltage is provided. The overvoltage protection device includes an electrical transformer for transforming electrical power generated by a wind turbine generator from a low-voltage region to a medium-voltage region. The electrical transformer includes at least one secondary winding electrically connected to the generator of the wind turbine, at least one primary winding electrically connected to an electrical utility grid receiving the generated electrical power, and at least one counter-winding for receiving a counter-current. A winding direction of the counter-winding is opposite to a winding direction of at least one of the primary winding and the secondary winding. Furthermore, a detection unit for detecting overvoltage at the transformer, a determination unit for determining the counter-current on the basis of the detected overvoltage, and a current driver unit for flowing the counter-current through the counter-winding are provided. |
| US08451566B2 |
Current-perpendicular-to-plane (CPP) read sensor with ferromagnetic buffer and seed layers
A current-perpendicular-to-plane (CPP) tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) or giant magnetoresistance (GMR) read sensor with ferromagnetic buffer and seed layers is proposed for high-resolution magnetic recording. The ferromagnetic buffer layer is preferably formed of an amorphous Co—X (where X is Hf, Y, Zr, etc.) film. It provides the CPP read sensor with microstructural discontinuity from a ferromagnetic lower shield, thus facilitating the CPP read sensor to grow freely with preferred crystalline textures, and with ferromagnetic continuity to the ferromagnetic lower shield, thus acting as a portion of the ferromagnetic lower shield. |
| US08451560B2 |
Magnetic head with flared write pole with multiple non-magnetic layers thereover
Methods for fabrication of tapered magnetic poles with a non-magnetic front bump layer. A magnetic pole may have a tapered surface at or near an air bearing surface (ABS), wherein a thickness of the write pole increases in a direction away from the ABS. A non-magnetic front bump layer may be formed on the tapered surface of the magnetic pole and away from the ABS. The front bump layer may increase the separation distance between a shield layer and the magnetic pole near the tapered surface, thereby improving the performance of the write head. |
| US08451557B2 |
Disk drive device having a vibration-reducing element
In a disk drive device, a magnetic recording disk is to be mounted on a hub. A base plate rotatably supports the hub through a bearing unit. A projecting portion is formed on the upper surface of the base plate having a cylindrical side surface centered along the rotational axis of the motor. A laminated core is formed by laminating magnetic steel sheets and has a ring portion and a plurality of teeth radially extending from the ring portion. The disk drive device has a tubular vibration-deadening ring. The outer surface of the vibration-deadening ring is press-fitted into the ring portion at least at a position, along the motor's rotational axis, closer to the upper surface than to the lower surface of the laminated core; and the inner surface of the vibration-deadening ring is fixed to the side surface of the projecting portion. |
| US08451556B1 |
Method and system for providing a molded capping layer for an energy assisted magnetic recording head
A method and system for providing energy assisted magnetic recording (EAMR) heads are described. The heads include sliders and lasers coupled with the sliders. The method and system include molding an enclosure layer. The enclosure layer has a laser-facing surface and a top surface opposing the laser-facing surface. The laser-facing surface has a cavity including a concave section. The method and system further includes providing a reflective layer on the cavity. A portion of the reflective layer resides on the concave section, collimates light from the laser, and provides the collimated light to the EAMR transducer. The method and system further includes aligning the concave section of the cavity with a light emitting portion of the laser. The enclosure layer is also bonded to the slider. |
| US08451554B2 |
Flat panel display device and method for producing the same
A flat panel display device includes a display module, a protection window member and a layer disposed in an area between the protection window member and a display area of the display module. The protection window member includes a stepped portion within which the layer is disposed. The stepped portion may include a recess or a plurality of layers. |
| US08451544B2 |
Lens barrel
A lens barrel includes a rear movable member holding a rear optical element, an off-axis removable member holding a removable optical element, a front movable member supporting the off-axis removable member, and a removal driving member supported by the front movable member. When the front and rear movable members are at the photographing positions, the removable optical element is positioned in front of the rear optical element, and when the front and rear movable members are at the retracted accommodating positions, the removable optical element overlaps the rear optical element. When the front and rear movable members relatively move rearward, the removal driving member contacts the rear movable member to be slidable in a driven direction of the off-axis removable member while the off-axis removable member does not contact the rear movable member. |
| US08451538B2 |
Diffractive optical element and optical device
In a diffractive optical element, a first optical member and a second optical member are stacked, and a diffraction grating is formed at an interface between the first and second optical members. The diffractive optical element is configured so that the followings fall within a predetermined range: an inter-material gradient which is a ratio of an amount of change in reference refractive indexes between the first optical member and the second optical member, to an amount of change in principal dispersions between the first optical member and the second optical member; and a blaze wavelength of the diffraction grating. |
| US08451537B2 |
Video viewing facility and self-luminous display
A video viewing facility is provided. A circularly polarized light source is provided outside a self-luminous display. The self-luminous display includes a first wave plate having a function of converting circularly polarized light into linearly polarized light; a polarizing film; a second wave plate having a function of converting circularly polarized light into linearly polarized light; a circularly polarized light separating film; and a self-luminous panel, in this order from a visible side of the self-luminous display. |
| US08451534B2 |
Microscope system and method for controlling it
A microscope system includes: an illumination unit; a light control direction unit specifying quantity of light output from the illumination unit; a storage unit storing voltage-related information in which a direction value specified by the light control direction unit and a voltage value to be applied to the illumination unit are associated with each other and are set, the direction value being in an entire range that can be specified by the light control direction unit under each observation condition, the voltage value corresponding to the direction value; a light quantity control unit controlling the quantity of the emitted light; and a control unit acquiring the voltage value corresponding to the specified direction value from the voltage-related information corresponding to the observation condition, and allowing the light quantity control unit to control the quantity of light based on the acquired voltage value. |
| US08451532B2 |
Control apparatus of optical amplifier
A control apparatus of an optical amplifier includes a monitoring section that measures power of light inputted to the optical amplifier, a power-wavelength characteristics variable section that is operable to change a wavelength characteristic of power of the light inputted, a wavelength number decrease recognition section that compares the value of the power of light measured by the monitoring section with a predetermined threshold, and a control section that controls the power-wavelength characteristics variable section when the wavelength number decrease recognition section judges that the value of the power of light falls below the threshold. |
| US08451531B2 |
Light amplifier
A light amplifier includes first and second multi-pass amplifiers, an excitation light source, and a beam splitter. The second multi-pass amplifier includes a light attenuation portion provided in an optical path for a light pulse to travel to pass through a light amplification medium a plurality of times, for attenuating energy of the input light pulse. In addition, an excitation light pulse from the excitation light source is split by the beam splitter into two light pulses. These two pulses are input to the first and second multi-pass amplifiers, respectively. Thus, fluctuation in energy of the light pulse output from the light amplifier can be less than fluctuation in energy of the excitation light pulse. |
| US08451527B2 |
Limited F-cone light source
A shutter includes micro-optics having first and second concentrator arrays. A transducer laterally displaces one of the first and second concentrator arrays between transmissive and shuttered modes. In the transmissive mode, the arrays of concentrators are optically aligned to permit electromagnetic energy passing through the first array of concentrators to pass through the second array of concentrators. In the shuttered mode, the electromagnetic radiation is blocked from passing through the second array of concentrators. The concentrators may be compound parabolic concentrators, or lenslets positioned on opposing plates with pinholes printed therethrough. The shutter may increase f-number of radiation passing therethrough, and may be used in a limited f-cone radiation source with shuttering abilities, for example reducing f-cone of radiation output from the radiation source. |
| US08451524B2 |
Modifying the output of a laser to achieve a flat top in the laser's Gaussian beam intensity profile
A laser beam is periodically deflected before being directed into a sample volume. The beam is deflected at a frequency such that the beam makes one or more passes through the sample volume while data are collected from the sample volume. The amplitude of motion of the beam, the dwell time of the beam at any given point, and the Gaussian intensity profile of the beam cooperate to produce an effective flat topped illumination profile for the light that is incident on specimens in the sample volume. The total photon exposure at any given point in the sample volume is a function of both the beam intensity and the dwell time at that location. Therefore, a longer dwell time and lower intensity at the edge of the profile are in balance with a shorter dwell time and higher intensity at the center of the profile. |
| US08451520B2 |
Image forming apparatus for performing calibration via adjustment charts
An image forming apparatus includes a chart data generating unit that generates density adjustment chart data; a printing unit that prints a density adjustment chart where the reference patterns and the adjustment patterns of each pattern are juxtaposed, based on the density adjustment chart data; a receiving unit that receives the input of a density adjustment value of an arbitrary pattern; a gradation correcting unit that corrects gradation of the arbitrary pattern based on the density adjustment value of the arbitrary pattern that is received by the receiving unit; and a reconstructing unit that reconstructs density adjustment chart data used to juxtapose and print the reference patterns and density-corrected adjustment patterns for only pattern data of the patterns where the receiving unit receives the density adjustment value. |
| US08451518B2 |
System and method for detecting color-to-color misregistration
A system and method is provided for detecting and correcting color-to-color process direction misregistration errors, including a printer capable of printing in a plurality of colors, the printer having a sensor for generating a signal including information corresponding to a color registration pattern printed on a substrate by the printer. The system and method further include a processor for receiving the signal from the sensor and analyzing the signal for detecting color-to-color process direction misregistration via an algorithm. The color registration pattern includes a plurality of segments, each segment associated with a different color of the plurality of colors and each segment including at least one different dimension from at least one other segment of the plurality of segments. |
| US08451515B2 |
Image reader and image forming apparatus
An image reader includes a light source, a light reception element, an optical member, and a hold body. The light source applies light to a document. The light reception element receives reflected light reflected by the document. The optical member introduces the reflected light into the light reception element. The hold body has an entry part which is disposed in a portion not contributing to image formation of the reflected light on the light reception element through the optical member. The hold body holds the optical member. |
| US08451514B2 |
Multifunction peripheral and position-calibrating method of scanning module
A multifunction peripheral includes a scanning platform, a scanning module, a recording unit and a controlling unit. The scanning platform includes a standby position, a position-calibrating structure and a datum line. The scanning platform is divided into a first zone and a second zone by the datum line. The position-calibrating structure is included in the second zone. The scanning module is movable with respect to the scanning platform for performing a scanning operation. The recording unit is used for recording a parameter associated with a position of the scanning module with respect to the scanning platform. The controlling unit is used for controlling movement of the scanning module according to the parameter recorded in the recording unit, so that the scanning module is moved through the position-calibrating structure to perform a position-calibrating operation. After the position-calibrating operation is completed, the scanning module is moved to the standby position. |
| US08451513B2 |
In tray media sensing
A method and apparatus align an adjuster with an edge of media supported by a tray. The adjuster is operably coupled to a gauge that moves in response to movement of the adjuster. A sensor senses the gauge to detect a dimension of the media while the media is supported by the tray. |
| US08451508B2 |
Projector
Aspects of the invention provide a projector capable of projecting desired image information by enabling the user to select easily and promptly an image input interface terminal into which the desired image information is inputted, among image input interface terminals. The projector can include image input I/Fs into which image signals from image input devices are inputted, a touch panel having a liquid crystal display to display image information inputted from the image input I/Fs, a thumbnail generating portion to generate thumbnail images to be displayed on the liquid crystal display, and a changeover switch to selectively switch the image input I/Fs by operations on the touch panel. Image information inputted from the selected image I/F can be projected. This enables the user to select desired image information promptly for the desired image information to be projected. |
| US08451507B2 |
Image-reading apparatus and image-forming apparatus
An image-reading apparatus includes a gain correction processing portion, and a gain setting control portion including a setting portion that sets a gain condition, the gain setting control portion: repeatedly sets the gain condition in the setting portion at predetermined time intervals, and records the set gain condition in the recording portion, in an idling state from when the power supply portion switches to an on state until a reception portion receives a read instruction; stops setting the gain condition in the setting portion in a reading state after the reception portion receives the read instruction; and implements gain correction on electrical signals output from an imaging element in the gain correction processing portion by applying the gain condition recorded in the recording portion just before the reception portion receives the read instruction. |
| US08451502B2 |
Method of halftoning an image
A method of halftoning an image wherein a source file that represents the image in the form of a first pixel array, in which at least one input color value that is given by a first number of bits is assigned to each pixel, is electronically processed to compute an output file in the form of a second pixel array in which at least one output color value that is given by a second number of bits, said second number being smaller than the first number, is assigned to each pixel of the second pixel array, wherein the processing is performed in a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU). |
| US08451501B2 |
Watermark decoding via spectral analysis of pixel spacing
Provided are methods, apparatus and systems related to watermark decoding via spectral analysis of an image. According to one exemplary method, spectral analysis is performed to decode a watermark within an image, where the pixel spacing associated with the image was modulated to encode the watermark. |
| US08451500B2 |
Watermark encoding via pixel spacing modulation
Provided are methods, apparatus and systems related to watermark encoding via pixel spacing modulation. According to one exemplary embodiment, a method modulates the pixel spacing associated with an image to encode a watermark. |
| US08451496B2 |
Information processing apparatus, printing apparatus, printing system, information processing apparatus control method, printing apparatus control method, and computer-readable storage medium for designating a print setting for a print job
In an information processing apparatus, in response to designation of a paper setting via a user interface of a printer driver, a print setting generation unit determines whether the designated paper setting corresponds to a paper type relating to back side paper based on paper type setting information acquired from a printer. Further, the print setting generation unit performs control to prevent a print setting designated as an inhibition rule in the print setting inhibition rule information from being designated by the user interface, if it is determined that the designated paper setting corresponds to the paper type relating to the back side paper and print setting inhibition rule information associated with the paper type corresponding to the designated paper setting is stored in a print setting inhibition rule management database. |
| US08451492B2 |
Printing apparatus and driving force transfer control method
This invention is directed to a printing apparatus capable of reliably performing a driving switching operation using movement of a carriage. In the printing apparatus, it sometimes cannot be determined to which of a clutch lever or the cap of a printhead the carriage abuts against. In this case, even if the carriage abuts against the cap, a position where the abutment was detected is regarded as the temporary home position of the carriage. When a conveyance motor is driven to transfer its driving force to a desired engaging destination, the cap is retracted from the moving path of the carriage. The driving force of the conveyance motor can thereby be transferred to the desired engaging destination. |
| US08451488B2 |
Image processing apparatus, method for executing job, and computer-readable storage medium for computer program
An image processing apparatus reads out job ticket data indicating first conditions used for executing a job and a permission to change each of the first conditions and lack thereof. The image processing apparatus, then, reads out a functional conditions table indicating a first group made by grouping second conditions having a common concept and a second group made by grouping the first group having a common concept. Then, the image processing apparatus presents, as options for changing a first condition to which applying a change is prohibited, second conditions included in a first group to which a second condition that is the same as the first condition belongs. The image processing apparatus presents, as options for changing a first condition to which applying a change is allowed, second conditions included in a second group to which a second condition that is the same as the first condition belongs. |
| US08451485B2 |
Device, method and computer readable medium for data writing
There is provided a data writing device, comprising: a plurality of connection slots to which a plurality of external storage devices are detachably attachable; an acceptance unit configured to accept a writing command inputted to the data writing device through a user operation; and a write control unit configured to write data to a plurality of external storage devices attached to the plurality of connection slots in response to acceptance of the writing command by the acceptance unit. |
| US08451482B2 |
Printing system and printing method
A printing apparatus and print control apparatus exchange and acquire unique apparatus information. The print control apparatus determines whether it can process data received from an information processing apparatus. When the print control apparatus determines that it cannot process the data, it transfers the data to the printing apparatus based on the acquired apparatus information, and notifies the information processing apparatus that the print control apparatus has not processed the data. The printing apparatus determines whether it can process data received from the information processing apparatus. When the printing apparatus determines that it cannot process the data, it transfers the data to the print control apparatus based on the acquired apparatus information, and notifies the information processing apparatus that the printing apparatus has not processed the data. |
| US08451476B2 |
Image processing apparatus, image processing method, and computer program product
An image processing unit includes a first image processing unit that processes image data from a reading unit and a second image processing unit that processes image data from either one of the first image processing unit and a storing unit. A control unit determines a processing to be performed on the image data by the second image processing unit depending on a result of a processing performed on the image data by the first image processing unit, and selects an image processing route depending on a processing to be performed on the image data by the second image processing unit. |
| US08451471B2 |
Image forming apparatus, power saving control method, and computer-readable recording medium having recorded therein power saving control program
An image forming apparatus includes: a power-saving-mode determining unit configured to determine, on the basis of at least an operation state of a processor, to which power saving mode of a sleep mode in which power supply to at least a fixing device is stopped and a super sleep mode in which a power supply for the processor is turned off and power consumption is lower than that in the sleep mode the image forming apparatus transitions. The power-saving mode determining unit performs the determination if predetermined processing is not executed for time set in advance or if an instruction for executing transition processing to a power saving mode in which power consumption is lower than that in a normal operation mode in which power supply to at least the fixing device is performed is received; and a power-saving-mode control unit configured to execute, on the basis of a determination result of the power-saving-mode determining unit, processing for transition to one power saving mode of the sleep mode and the super sleep mode. |
| US08451470B2 |
Print control apparatus and printing apparatus
A print control apparatus that makes it possible to conduct the print controlling operations in the interruption printing mode, so as to optimize the beneficial balance between the interrupting side and the interrupted side. The apparatus includes a job-status parameter acquiring section to acquire job-status parameters including a residual printing time of the first print job, a printing time of the second print job, a first priority degree representing an implementation priority of the first print job and a second priority degree representing another implementation priority of the second print job and a controlling section to determine whether or not the interruption printing operation should be allowed, namely, an availability of the interruption printing operation, based on the residual printing time of the first print job, the printing time of the second print job, and at least one of the first priority degree and the second priority degree. |
| US08451464B2 |
Information processing apparatus, information processing method, and storage medium
An obtaining unit obtains, from a connected apparatus, performance data related to a function of the apparatus. If it is determined the apparatus includes a plurality of functions based on the obtained performance data, information of individual processes related to the plurality of processes is divided in the obtained performance data. The individual processes are used to generate a workflow. |
| US08451462B2 |
Image forming apparatus, image forming method, and storage medium
An apparatus includes a specification unit configured to specify character information included in document data, a generation unit configured to generate image data of the specified character information, a conversion unit configured to convert the generated image data or a parity value of the generated image data into a two-dimensional code, and a printing unit configured to print a printed matter in which the two-dimensional code is combined with the document data, wherein a size of the generated image data is smaller than a size of image data of the document data. |
| US08451458B2 |
Imaging microoptics for measuring the position of an aerial image
An imaging microoptics, which is compact and robust, includes at least one aspherical member and has a folded beam path. The imaging microoptics provides a magnification |β′| of >800 by magnitude. Furthermore, a system for positioning a wafer with respect to a projection optics includes the imaging microoptics, an image sensor positionable in the image plane of the imaging microoptics, for measuring a position of an aerial image of the projection optics, and a wafer stage with an actuator and a controller for positioning the wafer in dependence of an output signal of the image sensor. |
| US08451457B2 |
Chromatic confocal sensor
A system comprising a substrate having thereon a multiphoton curable photoreactive composition, a light source that emits a light beam comprising a plurality of wavelengths onto at least one region of the composition on the substrate, and a detector that detects a portion of light reflected from the composition to obtain a location signal with respect to the substrate, wherein the location signal is based at least on a wavelength of the reflected light. |
| US08451451B2 |
Enhanced scale factor ring laser gyroscope with lasing frequencies away from center of gain profile
A ring laser gyroscope that includes a cavity containing a gain medium, a plurality of reflective surfaces coupled to the cavity, and at least one medium exciter operable to excite the gain medium. The gain medium has naturally dispersive properties associated with an index of refraction. The reflective surfaces include at least a first reflective surface, a second reflective surface, and a third reflective surface. The first, second, and third reflective surfaces are positioned to reflect light between the plurality of reflective surfaces. The excited gain medium induces first and second laser fields within the cavity. The first and second laser fields operate at a lasing frequency corresponding to a negative slope of the index of refraction associated with the dispersive properties of the gain medium. The gain medium causes anomalous dispersion of the first and second laser fields passing through the gain medium. |
| US08451450B2 |
Near real time optical phase conjugation
An optical system and associated method enable near real time optical phase conjugation. In the method, a translucent medium is illuminated by a sample illumination beam. Light scattered by the medium is directed to an electronic image sensor while a reference beam is also directed to the electronic image sensor. The scattered light and the reference beam form an interference pattern at the electronic image sensor. A digital representation of the interference pattern is recorded using the electronic image sensor, and the characteristics of a conjugate of the sample beam are computed from the numerical representation. A conjugate beam having the computed characteristics is generated using a configurable optical element and directed back to the translucent medium. The generation of the conjugate beam may be accomplished using a spatial light modulator. |
| US08451447B2 |
Photoacoustic sensor
Embodiments of the apparatus, systems, and methods relate to a photoacoustic sensor includes an excitation source, a modulator, a quantum dot filter, an interferometer, a gas chamber, and a microphone. The excitation source generates a monochromatic light. The modulator intensity modulates the monochromatic light at a first modulation frequency. The quantum dot filter down converts the modulated monochromatic light into a broadband spectrum of infrared light. The interferometer further intensity modulates the broadband spectrum such that the at least one wavelength component of the broadband spectrum is further intensity modulated at a second modulation frequency. The gas chamber stores a sample gas and receives the plurality of modulated wavelength components. The microphone detects pressure changes within the gas chamber to produce an acoustic signal, which can be used to analyze properties of the sample gas. |
| US08451445B2 |
Apparatus and method for detecting array substrate
An apparatus for detecting an array substrate comprises: a transparent carrier for supporting an array substrate to be detected thereon; a light source disposed on one side of the transparent carrier; and a modulator disposed on the other side in parallel with the transparent carrier. The modulator comprises a liquid crystal layer and two transparent substrate layers disposed on both sides of the liquid crystal layer, and one transparent substrate layer away from the transparent carrier is a first transparent conductive substrate layer, and a second polarizer is disposed thereon. A first polarizer is disposed between the light source and the transparent carrier, so that the light emitted from the light source is transmitted through the first polarizer to the transparent carrier. A light receiver receives the light emitted from the light source and then transmitted through the transparent carrier, the array substrate and the modulator. |
| US08451440B2 |
Apparatus for the optical inspection of wafers
An apparatus (1) for the optical inspection of wafers is disclosed, which comprises an assembly unit (10) which carries optical elements (30, 31, 32, 33) of at least one illumination path (3) for a bright field illumination and optical elements (50, 51, 52, 60, 61, 62, 70, 71, 72, 80, 81, 82) of at least one illumination path (5, 6, 7, 8) for a dark field illumination. The assembly unit (10) furthermore carries plural optical elements (91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100) of at least one detection path (91, 92). An imaging optical element (32) of the at least one illumination path (3) for the bright field illumination (30), imaging optical elements (51, 61, 71, 81) of the at least one illumination path for the dark field illumination, and imaging optical elements (91, 95, 96) of the at least one detection path (9) are designed in such a way that all illumination paths (3, 5, 6, 7, 8) and all detection paths (91, 92) are telecentric. |
| US08451436B2 |
Method and apparatus to define the velocity of a flowing fluid
To determine as precisely as possible the flow rate of a liquid flow inside a tube by means of minimal technical and especially minimal apparatus complexity the invention provides with a procedure and an apparatus to determine it. In this process the liquid is heated by means of an optical heating beam while the point of heating is shown through by an optical detection ray. The axis of the heating- and the detection beam coincide at least in the point of heating. The detection beam is absorbed via an array of detectors. In the apparatus the heating device which heats the interior area of a limited internal area of the liquid and the optical control unit of the laser beam are arranged that way that a measuring beam shines through the absolute heating point. |
| US08451427B2 |
Illumination optical system, exposure apparatus, optical element and manufacturing method thereof, and device manufacturing method
An illumination optical system which illuminates a surface to be illuminated on the basis of light from a light source has a first optical path in which a diffractive optical element can be arranged at a first position thereof; a second optical path in which a spatial light modulator with a plurality of optical elements arrayed two-dimensionally and controlled individually can be arranged at a second position thereof; and a third optical path which is an optical path of light having passed via at least one of the first optical path and the second optical path and in which a distribution forming optical system is arranged. The distribution forming optical system forms a predetermined light intensity distribution on an illumination pupil located in the third optical path, based on the light having passed via at least one of the first and second optical paths. |
| US08451426B2 |
Exposure method and exposure apparatus
In an exposure apparatus, exposure light from a lamp (continuous light source) (9) is applied at an exposure station (exposure section) (2) to a substrate (4), which is being transferred at a fixed speed in a fixed direction by a substrate transfer section (5), through a mask (11) arranged on an optical axis (optical path) (S) of an exposure optical system (3). At the time of exposing an image of an opening section (11a) of the mask (11) on the substrate (4), the front edge and the side edge (pattern edge) of a pixel (reference pattern) (18) previously formed on the substrate (4) are photographed by a linear CCD (20) of an imaging section (6), and a reference position in the transfer direction and a direction vertical to such direction on the substrate (4) is detected. When the pixel (18) imaged by the imaging section (6) is shifted to an exposure position (E) form an imaging position (F), the exposure station (2) continuously exposes an exposure region along the transfer direction of the substrate (4) while adjusting the position of the mask (11) so that the position of the mask (11) matches with the reference position on the substrate (4). |
| US08451423B2 |
Lithographic apparatus and method
A lithographic apparatus of the immersion type is disclosed. In the apparatus, a plurality of heating and/or cooling devices are provided in the vicinity of the final element of the projection system, e.g. in a barrier member of a liquid handling system. The heating and/or cooling devices can be used, for example, to control temperature gradients in the final element of the projection system to control aberrations therein. |
| US08451422B2 |
Re-flow and buffer system for immersion lithography
A system is disclosed to isolate an environmental chamber of an immersion lithographic apparatus, to which an immersion fluid comprising liquid, is provided from an external environment. Further, there is disclosed a system for measuring flow rate and/or vapor concentration of a gas using a transducer to send and/or receive an acoustic signal. |
| US08451421B2 |
Liquid crystal optical element and optical pickup apparatus
The present invention is directed to the provision of an optical pickup apparatus in which a liquid crystal optical element constructed by combining an aberration correcting liquid crystal panel and an nλ/4 liquid crystal panel in an integral fashion is mounted in a tilted position. More specifically, the invention provides a liquid crystal optical element includes a first liquid crystal layer having a first rubbing direction and for correcting aberration, a second liquid crystal layer having a second rubbing direction and combined with the first liquid crystal layer in an integral fashion, and a transparent electrode for generating a potential difference across the second liquid crystal layer in order to control an amount of phase difference for the light beam passing through the second liquid crystal layer, and wherein the angle (ψ) that the second rubbing direction makes with the first rubbing direction is determined in accordance with the tilt angle (α) so that the second liquid crystal layer functions as an nλ/4 plate. The invention also provides an optical pickup apparatus incorporating such a liquid crystal optical element. |
| US08451418B2 |
Liquid crystal display device
A liquid crystal display device having a high definition screen in which a pixel electrode is formed in a region surrounded by a gate line and a drain line, and a trapezoidal protrusion having an upper surface and inclined surfaces is formed below the gate line. Since a TFT is formed over a trapezoidal protrusion and a channel portion is formed over the upper surface and the inclined surfaces of the trapezoidal protrusion, the width of the channel portion can be enlarged compared to that of a channel portion formed over a plane. The pixel electrode is in contact with a source electrode at the inclined surface of the trapezoidal protrusion. This configuration allows the TFT and a contact of the pixel electrode and a source electrode to be formed over part of the trapezoidal protrusion. |
| US08451416B2 |
Liquid crystal display panel with uniform compressing density by cooperating main and compensation spacers
An LCD panel including a first substrate, multiple horizontal and vertical conductive lines, support pads to form first protrusions, a second substrate, a main spacer, a compensation spacer, and a liquid crystal layer is provided. The main spacer and the compensation spacer are in sliding contact with the first protrusions in the horizontal or vertical direction in a plane of the LCD panel, and the compensation spacer is disposed around the main spacer and corresponding first protrusions are next to the compensation spacer. In the horizontal or vertical direction, the main spacer is partially contacted with the first protrusion to obtain a reduced contacting area, and the compensation spacer is partially contacted with the adjacent first protrusion to obtain an increased contacting area. The reduced contacting area between the main spacer and the first protrusion is equal to the increased contacting area between the compensation spacer and the first protrusion. |
| US08451415B2 |
Method of fabricating liquid crystal display device
A method of fabricating a liquid crystal display device includes: a first step of attaching a polarizing plate to an outer surface of a liquid crystal panel; a second step of attaching a tape carrier package (TCP) to the liquid crystal panel; a third step of coating a resin onto a rear surface of the TCP and a connection portion of the liquid crystal panel and the TCP; a fourth step of inspecting the TCP and the liquid crystal display panel; a fifth step of inserting the liquid crystal panel into a transferring means; a sixth step of transferring the transferring means; a seventh step of extracting the liquid crystal panel from the transferring means; a eighth step of attaching the TCP to a printed circuit board (PCB); a ninth step of inspecting the PCB, the TCP and the liquid crystal panel; and a tenth step of assembling the liquid crystal panel and a backlight unit with a plurality of frames. |
| US08451414B2 |
Color image display device, color filter substrate, color pixel array substrate, and electronic device
A color image display device is provided which is capable of displaying an image with no differences in color balance between end portions and inner portions of anon-rectangle image display region. The color image display device includes an end portion unit pixel formed in an edge portion of a display region in which a color image is displayed and including end portion sub-pixels which correspond to a plurality of kinds of primary colors respectively in a one-to-one relationship and an inner unit pixel formed in an inside of the display region with respect to the end portion unit pixels and including inner sub-pixels which correspond to the plurality of kinds of primary colors respectively in a one-to-one relationship. With such a configuration, a relative area proportion of the end portion sub-pixels that correspond to the primary colors respectively in a one-to-one relationship is set equal to that of the inner sub-pixels that correspond to the primary colors respectively in a one-to-one relationship. The plurality of kinds of the end portion sub-pixels is arrayed in accordance with a position or a shape on an outer edge of the display region, an array direction of the plurality of kinds of the end portion sub-pixels and an array direction of the plurality of kinds of the inner sub-pixels configured to intersect each other. |
| US08451410B2 |
Array substrate for wide viewing angle liquid crystal display device and mehod of manufacturing the same
An array substrate for a wide viewing angle liquid crystal display device includes a gate line on a substrate, a data line crossing the gate line to define a pixel region, a thin film transistor electrically connected to the gate and data lines, a pixel electrode in the pixel region and connected to a drain electrode of the thin film transistor, the pixel electrode including two parts and an opening portion therebetween, a first common electrode in the opening portion, the first common electrode disposed on a same layer as the pixel electrode, a passivation layer on the pixel electrode and the first common electrode, the passivation layer having a common contact hole exposing the first common electrode, and a second common electrode on the passivation layer and connected to the first common electrode through the common contact hole, the second common electrode including first openings corresponding to the pixel electrode and a second opening corresponding to the opening portion. |
| US08451406B2 |
Color filter array panel, manufacturing method thereof, and liquid crystal display including the same
A color filter array panel includes: a substrate; a light blocking member on the substrate; a color filter on the substrate and partially overlapping the light blocking member, and having an opening exposing the substrate; a protective member in the opening; and a common electrode on the light blocking member and the color filter, and having a cut portion at a position corresponding to the opening. |
| US08451398B2 |
Light source device and liquid crystal display device using such light source device
A light source device with high use efficiency is provided. By using a laser light source of a single polarization, uniformization of light quantity and uniformization of polarization are simultaneously realized, in a two-dimensional planar illumination utilizing reflection and collimating. Thus, it is possible to realize the two-dimensional planar illumination with polarization aligned, and therefore the use efficiency of light can be significantly improved, when combined with switching utilizing the polarization of a liquid crystal panel, etc. |
| US08451394B2 |
Liquid crystal display device and manufacturing method therefor
The present invention includes a liquid crystal display device with an oxide film having high adhesiveness to a semiconductor layer or a pixel electrode to thereby prevent oxidation of a wiring material or the like, and includes a source electrode and a drain electrode having high conductivity, and a manufacturing method therefor. In one embodiment of the present invention, a liquid crystal display device has a TFT electrode of a TFT substrate, wherein a source electrode or a drain electrode includes a layer of mainly copper and an oxide covering an outer part of the layer. Further, in the present invention, the semiconductor layer or the pixel electrode and said source electrode or the drain electrode are in ohmic contact in the TFT electrode. |
| US08451391B2 |
Liquid crystal display device achieving predetermined color temperature while preventing a shift in color tone by correcting blue luminance
A liquid crystal display device includes a liquid crystal display panel having a pixel defined by at least three sub-pixels including a blue sub-pixel, a backlight which emits, toward the liquid crystal display panel, light that brings a color temperature to a predetermined level when the pixel displays white, and a color tone correction circuit which corrects a color tone of a color displayed by the pixel. When the pixel displays a color containing at least one predetermined color component that is other than a white component and a blue component, the color tone correction circuit performs a correction to set a luminance of the blue sub-pixel lower than an original luminance. |
| US08451384B2 |
System and method for shot change detection in a video sequence
A computer implemented method for automatically identifying shot changes in a video sequence in real-time or near-real-time is disclosed. Optical flow energy change differences between frames, sum-of-square differences between optical-flow-compensated frames, and hue histogram changes within frames are analyzed and stored in frame buffers. A feature vector formed from a combination of these measurements is compared to a feature vector formed from thresholds based on tunable recall and precision to declare the presence or absence of a shot change. |
| US08451378B2 |
Video device capable of detecting connection to display devices
A video device to generate analog video signals to a plurality of display devices comprises a video processing chip, a plurality of video output interface circuits and a plurality of detection circuits. The video processing chip converts input video data into the analog video signals and comprises at least one video decoder and a plurality of analog to digital convertors. The video output interface circuit transmits the analog video signals to the plurality of display devices. The detection circuit detects voltage of horizontal sync signals of the analog video signals to determine connection of the video output interface circuit to the display device, and generates a feedback signal to the video processing chip to control the video decoder and the analog to digital convertor accordingly. |
| US08451375B2 |
Lip-sync correcting device and lip-sync correcting method
A video signal and an audio signal are transmitted from a source device to a sink device in conformity with respective predetermined interfaces through respective transmission channels. The respective interfaces include bidirectional interface such as an HDMI and an IEEE1394. A controller acquires delay information (TLv) representing the total delay time of the devices connected to the transmission channels conforming to the bidirectional interface and corrects the difference in reproduction time between the video and audio signals by using the acquired delay information (TLv). |
| US08451366B2 |
Image capturing device with automatic focus function
An image capturing device includes an image capturing unit, a detection unit, an area setting unit, and a focusing unit. The image capturing unit captures an image. The detection unit detects a shape of an image area of an observed subject to be focused in the captured image. The area setting unit sets one or more contrast evaluation areas according to the shape of the detected image area. The focusing unit causes the image capturing unit to focus based on image data in the set contrast evaluation areas. |
| US08451365B2 |
Image control apparatus, image control method, and recording medium
An image control apparatus which controls a search screen for searching a related image, comprises: an attribute display section setting a reference image and causing to display a specific condition in each of the attributes of the reference image; a related image display section causing to display the related image which has been searched by an image search section according to the specific attribute condition selected from among the displayed specific conditions; a search screen display section causing to display the search screen including at least the reference image, the specific condition in each of the attributes of the reference image, and the searched related image; and a change screen display section causing to display a change screen for changing the specific attribute condition to be used for the search to a condition except the specific condition in each of the attributes related to the reference image. |
| US08451362B2 |
Image sensor with a light receiving region and a recessed charge transmission unit and image sensing system including the same
An image sensor includes a conductive well in a semiconductor substrate, a photo sensitive device (PSD) in the semiconductor substrate below the conductive well, the PSD and conductive well overlapping each other, and a charge transmission unit in the semiconductor substrate and adjacent to the conductive well, the charge transmission unit having a structure of a recessed gate and being positioned in a recess region of the semiconductor substrate. |
| US08451359B2 |
Solid-state image capturing apparatus, driving method thereof and electronic apparatus
A solid-state image capturing apparatus includes: a plurality of light sensing units; a plurality of vertical transfer registers including a transfer channel region and a plurality of vertical transfer electrodes; and a first channel stop region provided in parallel to the transfer channel region of the vertical transfer register. Among the vertical transfer electrodes, a vertical transfer electrode serving as a reading electrode is formed without overlapping the first channel stop region. |
| US08451352B2 |
Image pickup apparatus
An image pickup apparatus allowed to obtain parallax information while preventing a decline in apparent resolution. An image pickup apparatus includes: an image pickup lens having an aperture stop; an image pickup device including a plurality of pixels and obtaining image pickup data based on light received on the plurality of pixels; and a microlens array arranged between the image pickup lens and the image pickup device so that one microlens is allocated to 2×2 pixels in the image pickup device. The plurality of pixels are disposed in a fashion of two-dimensional arrangement along two directions rotated a certain angle with respect to a horizontal direction and a vertical direction, respectively. |
| US08451351B2 |
Image processor, method of controlling the same, and storage medium
An image processor which is capable of performing correction of defective pixels without degrading image quality when synthesizing a plurality of still images. When a plurality of image data items are synthesized, a first reference value which is smaller than a second reference value for use in determining whether or not to correct pixel data forming the image data is compared with a pixel value indicated by each of synthesized pixel data items forming the synthesized image data, and first correction processing is performed in which the synthesized pixel data of the synthesized image data is corrected according to a result of comparison. |
| US08451350B2 |
Solid-state imaging device, camera module, and imaging method
According to one embodiment, a third optical black portion is arranged in parallel with a first optical black portion in a row direction and in parallel with a second optical black portion in column direction. At least one of the vertical line correction circuit and the horizontal line correction circuit adds/subtracts arithmetic average of the third black level signal generated by the third optical black portion. |
| US08451349B2 |
Electronic camera video signal correcting device
A device stores in ROM white spot addresses, white spot levels, an OB level median, sensitivity, and time-in-second under dark shooting, a temperature coefficient correcting the white spot level according to the temperature under normal shooting, a sensitivity coefficient for the sensitivity-based correction, and a time-in-second coefficient for the exposure time-in-second-based correction. A temperature difference during shooting a subject is obtained according to the difference between OB level median during normal shooting and that during dark shooting. A correction value for the white spot level due to temperature is obtained from temperature difference and temperature coefficient, and similarly, correction value due to sensitivity is obtained from sensitivity difference and sensitivity coefficient, and correction value due to time-in-second is obtained from time-in-second difference and time-in-second coefficient for correction. Dark current is corrected by subtracting OB level median during shooting a subject from the video signal during shooting a subject. |
| US08451346B2 |
Optically projected mosaic rendering
Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, are described for rendering a mosaic from digital images using information about location and orientation of an image capturing device, and further about optics settings for the image capturing device when the digital images were captured. In one aspect, methods include generating respective virtual image sheets for frames captured from different camera locations and different camera orientations. Generating the virtual image sheets includes projecting texture maps of the captured frames over wire frames corresponding to optics settings of the camera. The methods further include positioning the generated virtual image sheets at locations and orientations within a viewing space that correspond to the different camera locations and the different orientations. The methods also include rendering the positioned virtual image sheets into a mosaic viewed from a reference point of the viewing space. |
| US08451345B2 |
Flicker reduction device, integrated circuit, and flicker reduction method
Line integration unit 31 performs integration on digital image signals of a horizontal line. Sampling unit 32 samples, as a second line integral, a first line integral relating to each of at least one but not all of horizontal lines constituting one frame. Memory 33 stores acquired second line integrals corresponding to a plurality of frames. Inter-screen DFT unit 34 performs discrete Fourier transform on a second line integral sequence composed of a second line integral most recently sampled by the sampling unit 32b and the second line integrals stored in the memory 33. Flicker extraction unit 35 extracts information of flicker component based on a result of the discrete Fourier transform. Flicker coefficient calculation unit 36 calculates a flicker coefficient based on the information. Correction operation unit 37 performs operation of reducing the flicker component on the image signals based on the flicker coefficient. |
| US08451340B2 |
Image processing apparatus and image processing method for faithful reconstruction from a tone-converted image
It is difficult to reproduce an original tone when reconstructing an HDR image from an image tone-converted into an LDR image. A tone conversion unit generates an adaptation point image XYZL representing an adaptation point corresponding to each pixel of an original image XYZ. The tone conversion unit converts the tone of the original image XYZ by smoothing based on the adaptation point image XYZL, generating a tone-converted image XYZdev. Then, an addition unit adds the adaptation point image XYZL to the tone-converted image XYZdev, generating an adaptation point image-attached tone-converted image XYZdevL. The original image XYZ can be precisely reconstructed from the adaptation point image-attached tone-converted image XYZdevL. |
| US08451338B2 |
Method and apparatus for motion invariant imaging
Object motion during camera exposure often leads to noticeable blurring artifacts. Proper elimination of this blur is challenging because the blur kernel is unknown, varies over the image as a function of object velocity, and destroys high frequencies. In the case of motions along a 1D direction (e.g. horizontal), applicants show that these challenges can be addressed using a camera that moves during the exposure. Through the analysis of motion blur as space-time integration, applicants show that a parabolic integration (corresponding to constant sensor acceleration) leads to motion blur that is not only invariant to object velocity, but preserves image frequency content nearly optimally. That is, static objects are degraded relative to their image from a static camera, but all moving objects within a given range of motions reconstruct well. A single deconvolution kernel can be used to remove blur and create sharp images of scenes with objects moving at different speeds, without requiring any segmentation and without knowledge of the object speeds. |
| US08451337B2 |
Image stabilization control circuit
An image stabilization control circuit controls an optical element driving element that moves an optical element provided in an imaging apparatus based on an output signal of a vibration detection element provided in the imaging apparatus. The image stabilization control circuit includes a high-pass filter that removes a low-frequency component from an output signal of the vibration detection element. A movement amount calculation circuit calculates a movement amount of the imaging apparatus based on an output signal of the high-pass filter. A servo circuit generates a correction signal for correcting the position of the optical element based on an output signal of the movement amount calculation circuit and outputs the correction signal to the optical element driving element. The movement amount calculation circuit includes a digital filter circuit and a register. The digital filter circuit performs filter processing based on a filter coefficient stored in the register. |
| US08451336B2 |
Image sensing apparatus and image sensing method
A distortion correction portion includes a distortion calculation portion which calculates a distortion based on a movement of an image sensing apparatus in the image sensing operation, a distortion adjustment value calculation portion which calculates a distortion adjustment value based on a generation situation of an input image, and a distortion correction processing portion which performs a distortion correction process for correcting the distortion in the input image based on the distortion and the distortion adjustment value. The distortion adjustment value calculation portion decreases the distortion adjustment value in accordance with a generation situation of the input image, so that the degree of the correction in the distortion correction process by the distortion correction processing portion is decreased. |
| US08451334B2 |
Calibration pattern for imaging device
A calibration pattern is provided with a central portion and a frame pattern provided outside thereof, the central portion being provided with a rectangular light area in the central portion of the calibration pattern. The frame pattern has a horizontal pattern and a vertical pattern, the horizontal pattern extending to two horizontal sides centering the central portion and alternately provided with a light area and a dark area at a predetermined interval different from an equal interval, the vertical pattern extending to two vertical sides centering the central portion and alternately provided with a light area and a dark area at a predetermined interval different from an equal interval. The horizontal pattern and the vertical pattern include edges, each being positioned equally distant from a predetermined position in the central portion to the two sides, and the edges have an identical change direction of a gray value. |
| US08451326B2 |
Three-dimensional television system, and three-dimensional television receiver
The present invention realizes stereoscopic television broadcasting which can reproduce a stereoscopic image best in state of stereoscopic viewing and a receiver for the stereoscopic television broadcasting.In stereoscopic television broadcasting, a reference size of a display of a receiver is determined, images for right and left are displayed on the display with a reference size in a superimposing manner, and transmission is performed such that a distance between the same corresponding points of an infinite subject image is reproduced and displayed to be equal to an interpupillary distance of a human. |
| US08451325B2 |
Video customization and presentation systems and methods
A disclosed projection system includes a display that renders a video representing a sequence of original images each having a corresponding frame interval, and one or more viewing device(s). During each frame interval, multiple subimages are displayed that, in some cases, average together to approximate an original image corresponding to that frame interval. The viewing device(s) attenuate each of the subimages by a respective coefficient to synthesize a target image for each frame interval. The system may include additional viewing device(s) that apply attenuation coefficients to the subimages to synthesize a second, different target image for each frame interval. A described projection method includes displaying multiple subimages in each frame interval, and transmitting attenuation coefficients to the viewing device(s). A disclosed movie customization system includes software that causes processor(s) to process each of multiple original video images to determine the corresponding subimages and weight coefficients. |
| US08451324B2 |
Apparatus and method for displaying three dimensional image
Disclosed are a 3D image display apparatus and method. The 3D image display apparatus may adjust a number of viewpoints of a 3D image, distance between viewpoints, and other parameters through varying a display pattern of a viewing zone generating unit and a distance between an image display unit and the viewing zone generating unit. Accordingly, the 3D image display apparatus may effectively express the 3D image suitable for various viewing circumstances. |
| US08451316B2 |
Videoconferencing environment
A videoconference environment includes a back wall and a video camera facing toward the back wall. The video camera is set to have a field-of-view that includes a portion of the back wall while excluding a peripheral edge of the back wall. |
| US08451315B2 |
System and method for distributed meeting capture
Embodiments of the present invention disclose a system and method for distributed meeting capture. According to one embodiment, the system includes a plurality of personal devices configured to capture video data and audio data associated with at least one operating user. A media hub includes a plurality of I/O ports and is configured to receive video and audio data from the plurality of personal devices. In addition, the media hub is configured to collect the video data and/or audio data from the plurality of personal devices and output at least one audio-visual data stream for facilitating video conferencing over a network. |
| US08451313B2 |
Communication terminal and control method thereof
A communication terminal 100 capable of communicating among a plurality of communication terminals includes a reception unit 14 for receiving image data from the plurality of communication terminals, a display unit 16 for displaying the image data from the plurality of communication terminals received by the reception unit 14, an input unit 17 for accepting a choice of at least one image data among the image data of the plurality of communication terminals displayed on the display unit 16 and a control unit 19 for controlling to transmit information indicating that the communication terminal corresponding to the image data chosen by the input unit 17 has been designated as the party of another communication separate from the communication being executed among the plurality of communication terminals. |
| US08451306B2 |
Reference voltage generation circuit, drive device, print head, and image forming apparatus
A reference voltage generation circuit includes a first current-mirror circuit including a first MOS transistor connected to a first power source and a second MOS transistor of the first conductive type connected to the first power source; a second current-mirror circuit including a third MOS transistor and a fourth MOS transistor; a first resistor connected to the first node; a first bipolar transistor having a collector connected to the first resistor, an emitter connected to a second power source, and a base connected to the first node; a second bipolar transistor having a collector connected to the second node, an emitter connected to the second power source, and a base connected to the first bipolar transistor; a fifth MOS transistor connected between the first power source and an output terminal; and a third resistor connected between the output terminal and the second power source. |
| US08451305B2 |
Head unit, printer, and method of manufacturing head unit
In order to secure printing quality, a head unit includes a thermal head having a heating body formed on one surface of a glass substrate made of a transparent glass material, the heating body being configured to generate heat when supplied with external power, and a support body is laminated onto the glass substrate in a stacked state. The glass substrate and the support body include a plurality of lamination reference marks and a plurality of head positioning reference marks, respectively, which are disposed so as to be mutually aligned in a direction along the one surface of the glass substrate. |
| US08451303B2 |
Print media characterization
A method is provided for detecting the type of print media provided to a thermal printer. A printer has a heat source disposed adjacent a temperature sensor to transfer heat upon activation across a portion of an introduced print media to the temperature sensor and a controller to receive a signal from the temperature sensor and to obtain a temperature signature generally identifying attributes of the introduced print media and to adjust print head settings in response to the identified attributes. The printer may further comprise a sensor to detect access to a print media storage compartment and to initiate examination of the heat transfer properties of the introduced print media upon detecting that the print storage compartment has been accessed. |
| US08451299B2 |
Controller, hold-type display device, electronic apparatus, and signal adjusting method for hold-type display device
To provide a hold-type display device having a fine luminance efficiency while suppressing generation of motion blur. A controller according to the invention adjusts a signal outputted to a hold-type image display panel, which includes: a double-speed drive converting part which divides one frame of an inputted video signal to a plurality of sub-frames; a color converting part which converts a video signal of three primary colors including the plurality of sub-frames to a video signal of four or more colors including the three primary colors and a compound color; and a sub-frame converting part which converts, the video signal converted by the color converting part, to a signal having a plurality of different gradations whose average luminance value becomes equivalent to luminance of the video signal converted by the color converting part, and takes each of the plurality of gradations as each of gradations of the plurality of sub-frames. |
| US08451295B2 |
Mobile terminal and controlling method thereof
A mobile terminal and controlling method thereof, which are suitable for facilitating a user to use the terminal, are disclosed. The present invention includes providing multimedia relevant data in graphic data to a graphic processing unit, rendering a graphic frame using non-multimedia relevant data in the graphic data and providing the rendered graphic frame to the graphic processing unit, enabling the graphic processing unit to combine the multimedia relevant data and the rendered graphic frame together, and displaying the combined data and frame on a display unit. Accordingly, since a large-scale graphic data is processed in a manner of being appropriately distributed to a controller and a graphic processing unit of a terminal, an execution speed of the terminal can be enhanced. |
| US08451290B2 |
Apparatus and method for converting color of an image
An apparatus for converting a color of an image includes an object region determination unit to determine a 3D object display region in an input image, a color gamut determination unit to determine whether a color of a pixel that constitutes the 3D object display region is included in a predetermined color gamut, a user preference information receiver to receive user preference information corresponding to the input image, and a color converter to convert the color of a pixel to an output color based on the user preference information. |
| US08451288B2 |
Image signal processing apparatus
The present invention relates to an image signal processing apparatus capable of reproducing the appearance of an image that is displayed on a PDP. In an image processing unit 1, as a process for an image signal so that an image obtained when the image signal is displayed on a display apparatus of a display type other than that of a PDP can look like an image displayed on a PDP display apparatus, at least one of reproducing color shift caused by a moving image which is produced because lighting of RGB is turned on in this order, reproducing a dither pattern to be applied in a space direction, reproducing a dither pattern to be applied in a time direction, reproducing a space between pixel pitches, and reproducing a stripe array is performed. The present invention can be applied to a case where, for example, an image that can look like an image displayed on a PDP is to be displayed on an LCD. |
| US08451287B2 |
Color conversion apparatus, imaging apparatus, storage medium storing color conversion program, and storage medium storing imaging program
A predetermined display image is displayed on a display device, and a hue of the display image corresponding to an input position obtained from a pointing device is obtained. A predetermined range having the obtained hue at a center thereof is set as a conversion target range, and at least one of saturation, brightness, and hue is changed with respect to a pixel of the display image which has a hue within the conversion target range to display a resultant image on the display device. |
| US08451285B2 |
Method for improving motion blur and contour shadow of display and display thereof
A method for improving motion blur and contour shadow of a display displaying images having a number of frames includes transforming a second average gray scale into a third average gray scale when a first average gray scale for displaying a first frame is unequal to the second average gray scale for displaying a second frame. A luminance corresponding to the second frame is generated according to the third average gray scale and at least one luminance query table. The third average gray scale is greater than the first average gray scale and the second average gray scale or less than the first average gray scale and the second average gray scale. |
| US08451280B2 |
Display control device having a frame buffer for temporarily storing image data to be displayed on either one of a first display device or a second display device
A display control device (1) comprises: a plurality of display devices (16a) and (16b); a display output section (18) which supplies image data to the display devices (16a) and (16b); a frame buffer (22) which temporarily stores the image data; and a buffer control section (24) which controls the frame buffer (22). The display output section (18) transmits the image data stored in the frame buffer (22) to the plurality of display devices (16a) and (16b), and reads, from an image data storage section (12), image data not stored in the frame buffer (22), so as to transmit the read image data to the display devices (16a) and (16b), and to write the read image data in the frame buffer (22). The buffer control section (24) is configured to prevent that image data, which are stored in the frame buffer (22) and which are not yet read, are overwritten by the image data read from the image data storage section (12). Thereby, it is possible to reduce the amount of memory access at low cost. |
| US08451278B2 |
Determine intended motions
It may be desirable to apply corrective data to aspects of captured image or the user-performed gesture for display of a visual representation that corresponds to the corrective data. The captured motion may be any motion in the physical space that is captured by the capture device, such as a camera. Aspects of a skeletal or mesh model of a person, that is generated based on the image data captured by the capture device, may be modified prior to animation. The modification may be made to the model generated from image data that represents a target or a target's motion, including user gestures, in the physical space. For example, certain joints of a skeletal model may be readjusted or realigned. A model of a target may be modified by applying differential correction, magnetism principles, binary snapping, confining virtual movement to defined spaces, or the like. |
| US08451277B2 |
Tight inbetweening
A tool for inbetweening is provided, wherein inbetween frames are at least partly computer generated by analyzing elements of key frames to identify strokes, determining corresponding stroke pairs, computing a continuous stroke motion for each stroke pair, defined by a carrier defined by endpoints of the two strokes and, for mutual endpoints, adjusting the continuous stroke motion of the meeting strokes such that the adjustment results in the continuous stroke motion coinciding at the mutual endpoint such that the mutual endpoint would follow the same path and deforming the stroke as it is moved by the stroke motion, wherein the deformation is a weighted combination of deformations, each reconstructed using shape descriptors that are interpolated from the shape descriptors of the corresponding samples on the key frames, wherein the shape descriptors are computed from neighboring sample points in the cyclic order of samples along the stroke. |
| US08451276B2 |
Program designed master animation and method for producing thereof
Disclosed is a PDMA animation production method including the steps of storing animation materials constituting an animation and information separately when a PDMA is produced, the animation materials including texts, graphics, movies, and audios; partitioning frame information as desired, the frame information being construction units of the animation; separating the partitioned frame information into respective information; storing animation information together with information regarding texts, graphics, movies, and audios constituting the animation while interworking with a DB program, the animation information including the frame information; interpreting information stored in the DB program by the PDMA; and retrieving animation sources matching with the interpreted information and combining corresponding data by the PDMA to play the animation. |
| US08451270B2 |
Real-time radiosity system in a video game environment
An approach for implementing an approximation of a radiosity solver that may be run entirely in the graphics processing unit of a video game console is provided. A set of raw triangles is partitioned into a collection of roughly planar transfer patches. For each patch, a projection on to the direct product is defined and mapped into the radiosity UV space. A transfer bundle set is constructed by sorting visible patches by flux contribution and storing a predetermined number of the greatest contributors in a texture. At runtime, real-time global illumination is implemented by rendering direct lighting into a texture of the same resolution as the transfer bundle set. The lighting is successively propagated in a number of passes using the transfer bundles. Each pass constitutes a single “bounce” and the per-bundle contribution of the first bounce is extracted and used for an indirect specular and diffuse bump-mapping response. |
| US08451268B1 |
Screen-space formulation to facilitate manipulations of 2D and 3D structures through interactions relating to 2D manifestations of those structures
Manipulating a three-dimensional object displayed in a multi-touch display device includes displaying a three-dimensional object in two dimensions on the multi-touch display device. Placement of one or more touch points on the multi-touch display device is detected. For each detected touch point, a location of the touch point on the multi-touch display device is determined and a matching contact point on a surface of the three-dimensional object that is displayed by the multi-touch display device at the location of the touch point is also determined. Movement of at least one of the touch points is detected. Subsequent to the detected movement of the one or more touch points, a three-dimensional transformation of the three-dimensional object is determined that results in a display in which the contact points on the surface of the three-dimensional object remain displayed substantially at the locations of their matching touch points. |
| US08451264B2 |
Method and system of displaying an image having code information embedded
According to an aspect of an embodiment, a method for displaying an image including a plurality of blocks in which code information can be embedded, includes obtaining a first image including a plurality of blocks, obtaining a second image determined by changing the characteristic value of the selected blocks of the first image so as to associate the value with the code information to be embedded, and displaying the first image data and the second image data, sequentially. |
| US08451263B2 |
Driving circuit and liquid crystal display device using the same
In one embodiment, a driving circuit includes first, second, third and fourth transistors each having first and second electrodes, and a control gate electrode. First and second input signals for producing alternating current voltage are inputted to the respective first electrodes of the first and second transistors. The first electrode of the third transistor and the second electrode of the fourth transistor are commonly connected with an output terminal. The second electrode of the third transistor and the first electrode of the fourth transistor are respectively connected with first and second voltage sources. The control gate electrodes of the third and fourth transistors are respectively connected with the second electrodes of the first and second transistors. The driving circuit further includes first and second potential holding devices to control the switching operation of the third and fourth transistors to output the first and second voltages. |
| US08451259B2 |
Emission driver and organic light emitting display device including the same
An emission driver includes a plurality of stages, each including: a first driver for outputting an emission control signal through a corresponding emission control line in accordance with either the emission control signal and an inverse emission control signal output from a previous stage of the plurality of stages or a start signal and an inverse start signal; and a second driver for outputting an inverse emission control signal in accordance with the emission control signal and the inverse emission control signal output from the previous stage or the start signal and the inverse start signal, wherein odd numbered stages of the plurality of stages coupled to corresponding odd numbered emission control lines are configured to be driven by a first clock signal, and even numbered stages of the plurality of stages coupled to corresponding even numbered emission control lines are configured to be driven by a second clock signal. |
| US08451258B2 |
Display apparatus and electronic apparatus
Disclosed herein is a display apparatus, including: a plurality of subpixels disposed adjacent each other and forming one pixel which forms a unit for formation of a color image; the plurality of subpixels including a first subpixel which emits light of the shortest wavelength and a second subpixel disposed adjacent the first subpixel; the second subpixel having a light blocking member disposed between the second subpixel and the first subpixel and having a width greater than a channel length or a channel width of a transistor which forms the second subpixel. |
| US08451257B2 |
Controller board, display device having the same and method of controlling the display device
A controller board includes a memory and a timing controller. The memory stores previous frame image data. The timing controller outputs driving image data based on current frame image data supplied from an external device and the previous frame image data. The timing controller disperses a frequency band of the current frame image data within a reference frequency range to generate dispersed current frame image data and transmits the dispersed current frame image data to the memory. |
| US08451255B2 |
Method of providing tactile feedback and electronic device
A method includes detecting, at a first time, a first touch associated with a first touch value that meets one of a first touch threshold and a second touch threshold, detecting, at a second time, a second touch associated with a second touch value that meets one of the first touch threshold and the second touch threshold, providing first tactile feedback at the first time, and providing second tactile feedback at the second time when the time period between the first time and the second time meets a time threshold. |
| US08451253B2 |
Apparatus and method for acquiring object image of a pointer
An apparatus and a method for acquiring object image of a pointer are provided. The apparatus is suitable for an optical touch system and is used for acquiring an object image of a pointer when the pointer interacts with a touch surface of the optical touch system. The apparatus includes an image sensor and a processing circuit. The image sensor is used for acquiring an image of the touch surface. When the pointer approaches the touch surface, the processing circuit compares at least a part of the information of a sensed image with a threshold value, so as to determine a comparison range. Then, the processing circuit determines another threshold value according to the image information in the comparison range. Afterwards, the processing circuit compares the image information in the comparison range with the aforementioned another threshold value, so as to acquire an object image of the pointer. |
| US08451252B2 |
Image sensor for touch screen and image sensing apparatus
An image sensor for a touch screen, which is installed at an edge of the touch screen and comprises an image sensing element and an optical imaging system, wherein the optical imaging system comprises: at least two separated lenses to constitute at least two optical paths, wherein each of the lenses includes a concavo-convex lens, an objective lens of each of the lenses is faced to the touch screen, an overlapping area of fields of the view of the objective lenses covers the touch screen, a touch object on the touch screen is imaged by each of the optical paths in the optical imaging system respectively, and the formed image is projected on the image sensing element. The image sensor can locate the touch object by utilizing stereo photography. Moreover, the optical imaging system can utilize the interlocked electronic shutters to realize time division multiplex of the image sensing element by the different optical paths, or utilize individual optical paths to realize area division multiplex of the image sensing element. |
| US08451249B2 |
Flexible touch screen display
A touch sensitive active matrix display device is provided. The device includes a display fabricated on a first flexible substrate, said display having a viewing surface. The device further includes a touch sensitive sensor including a second flexible substrate, under said display. The touch sensor is operated by touching said viewing surface of said display, and said combined display and touch sensitive sensor is flexible. |
| US08451248B1 |
Display device and control method thereof
Disclosed is a display device that provides a user with tactile feedback using a tactile user interface. The display device includes a touch sensitive display unit to display an object, a tactile feedback unit to generate tactile feedback, and a controller. The controller detects a first touch that is in contact with a region of a first object displayed on the display unit, detects a second touch controlling the first object that is consecutive to the first touch, controls the first object in response to the second touch, generates first tactile feedback according to properties of the first object in response to the second touch, detects a third touch controlling the first object that is consecutive to the second touch, the third touch being detected in a region of a second object displayed on the display unit, and generates the first tactile feedback in response to the third touch. |
| US08451247B2 |
Morphing touch screen layout
A device displays one or more display elements on a touch screen associated with the device, and detects interaction of a finger, associated with a user of the device, with the touch screen. The device also calculates one or more touch areas associated with the finger based on the detected interaction, and resizes, reshapes, and/or relocates the one or more display elements based on the calculated one or more touch areas. |
| US08451245B2 |
Multi-touch device having dynamic haptic effects
A system for generating haptic effects senses at least two generally simultaneous touches on a touchscreen and, in response, generates a dynamic haptic effect. |
| US08451241B2 |
Liquid crystal display device
Disclosed is a liquid crystal display device to realize soft touch and sense touch regardless of illumination of external light or reflected light. The liquid crystal display device includes a liquid crystal panel including a first substrate and a second substrate facing each other, wherein a liquid crystal layer is interposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, an infrared sensor arranged on the first substrate, an infrared filter arranged corresponding to the infrared sensor arranged on the second substrate facing the first substrate, a first polarizing plate adhered to the back surface of the first substrate, a second polarizing plate adhered to the back surface of the second substrate, a light guiding plate arranged under the first polarizing plate, a first light source arranged on one side of the light guiding plate to emit white light, and a second light source arranged on the other side of the light guiding plate to emit infrared light to the light guiding plate. |
| US08451240B2 |
Electronic device and method of providing tactile feedback
A method includes detecting a sheet corresponding to a plurality of characters on a touch-sensitive input device; detecting, by the touch-sensitive input device, a touch; determining a next character output; in response to determining that the touch is associated with a location on the sheet, which location is associated with the next character, providing tactile feedback to identify the next character. |
| US08451236B2 |
Touch-sensitive display screen with absolute and relative input modes
A touch-sensitive display screen has at least two input modes for touch input. In an absolute input mode, positional information is interpreted in an absolute sense: an on-screen object or cursor can be moved, selected or activated by tapping or touching the screen at the location of the object itself or at a desired location for the object. In a relative input mode, touch input provided on the display screen is interpreted in a manner similar to a virtual joystick or a virtual touchpad. In the virtual joystick relative mode, input is interpreted relative to a reference point on the screen. In the virtual touchpad relative mode, input is interpreted according to a direction of motion of a contact point. |
| US08451229B2 |
Monocular video display device
A cross key is mounted on a headphone. When a support arm and a connection section are pivoted 180 degrees from the (a)-state to change the position of wearing the headphone between left and right, a head-mounted display is set for use by the right eye, and this turns the cross key upside down. Correspondingly, a function allocated to the upper key is allocated to the lower key and a function allocated to the lower key is allocated to the upper key to obtain the (b)-state. In the (b)-state, the functions are changed such that the function allocated to the upper key is allocated to the upper key and the function allocated to the lower key is allocated to the lower key. A cross key does not require any change in key functions and left as is. |
| US08451228B2 |
Electronic device and input module thereof
An input module for an electronic device includes a key and a touch sensing unit. The touch sensing unit includes a substrate, a sensing circuit, and a conductive member protruding from the substrate. The conductive member has a connection portion and a sensing portion. The connection portion is electronically connected to the sensing circuit, and the sensing portion is movable with respect to the substrate and connected to the key for detecting a contact on the key. |
| US08451227B2 |
Image processing method of optical navigator and optical navigator using the same
An image processing method of a optical navigator includes the steps of: capturing a first image and calculating an average brightness of the first image; determining whether the average brightness is between a first threshold value and a second threshold value; when the average brightness is between the first and second threshold values, determining whether the first image is attenuated by an attenuation value; when the first image is not attenuated by the attenuation value, updating the attenuation value and a gain; attenuating the first image with the updated attenuation value and amplifying the attenuated first image with the gain; and comparing the attenuated and amplified first image with a reference image to obtain a displacement. The present invention further provides an optical navigator. |
| US08451223B2 |
Pointing apparatus, pointer control apparatus, pointing method, and pointer control method
Provided is a pointing apparatus, a pointer control apparatus, a pointing method, and a pointer control method to a pointing apparatus, a pointer control apparatus, a pointing method, and a pointer control method capable of recognizing image codes included in an image frame using an image sensor to determine a pointing direction, and continuously updating the gain between the displacement of the motion of the pointing apparatus and the displacement of the motion of a displayed pointer. The pointing apparatus includes an image receiving unit sensing image patterns that exist in a sensed region, among all of the image patterns arranged in a display region; an inertial sensor sensing an input motion using at least one of the acceleration and angular velocity that are generated due to the motion; and a coordinate determining unit determining moving coordinates that are moved from the central coordinates of the sensed image pattern by coordinate displacement corresponding to the sensed motion. |
| US08451221B2 |
Instruction device and communicating method
An instruction device is provided for communicating an instruction and an icon in an image area, and includes a motion sensing unit and a processing unit. The motion sensing unit senses a first motion to generate a corresponding first signal. The processing unit generates a first trajectory to determine a first region in the image area in response to the corresponding first signal for a decision whether the icon shall be or has been selected according to a relationship between the first region and a second region where the icon is displayed in the image area. |
| US08451214B2 |
Remote controlled positioning system, control system and display device thereof
The invention relates to a remote controlled positioning system, a control system and a display device thereof. The remote controlled positioning system includes a liquid crystal display (LCD) panel, a backlight source, a plurality of infrared ray (IR) sources and a directional remote controller. The LCD panel includes a plurality of display areas. The plurality of IR sources is disposed behind the LCD panel, wherein the IR sources are correspondingly disposed according to the positions of the display areas to respectively emit infrared rays to pass through the LCD panel. The directional remote control receives the infrared rays emitted by the infrared ray sources to obtain positional information pointed to a position of the LCD panel by the directional remote control. |
| US08451212B2 |
Display apparatus and control circuit of the same
An image display device using the area control method for eliminating irregularities as seen from the side and also capable of lowering power consumption. The degree of flatness indicating the image flatness of an image in each image area is calculated, and in areas that are flat the light source luminance is set high in order to lessen irregularities as seen from the side; and in areas that are not flat the irregularities are difficult to perceive as seen from the side so an effect that cuts power consumption is obtained without having to correct the light source luminance. |
| US08451211B2 |
Dimming control apparatus and method for generating dimming control signal by referring to distribution information/multiple characteristic values derived from pixel values
An exemplary dimming control apparatus of generating a dimming control signal for a display area is provided. The dimming control apparatus includes a data analysis module and an output module. The display area includes a plurality of pixels. The data analysis module receives a plurality of first pixel values corresponding to the pixels, respectively, where the first pixel values correspond to a first frame; in addition, the data analysis module derives a first characteristic value corresponding to the first frame according to a distribution of the first pixel values, and generates a first dimming value according to at least the first characteristic value. The output module is coupled to the data analysis module, and generates the dimming control signal corresponding to the first frame according to at least the first dimming value. |
| US08451210B2 |
System and method for automatically adjusting luminance of backlight source
The present invention relates to a backlight-source-luminance auto-adjusting system including a backlight source, a photosensitive element being mounted on the backlight source for converting a light signal into an electric signal; an amplification/conversion circuit for amplifying a received analog signal and converting the analog signal into a digital signal; a control circuit for receiving a signal sent by the amplification/conversion circuit and adjusting the backlight source; and a device operating board. The present invention also relates to a backlight-source-luminance auto-adjusting method comprising: receiving a light signal of a backlight source and converting the light signal into an electric signal to be amplified and then converted into a digital signal; comparing a current value corresponding to the digital signal with a qualified current value corresponding to a set luminance of the backlight source; and controlling an output voltage of a control circuit and adjusting the backlight source, according to the comparison result. The backlight-source-luminance auto-adjusting system and method of the present invention can change the existing manually adjusting manner, improve the stability of backlight source luminance, realize automatic turning on and off of the backlight source, and slow aging of the device. |
| US08451208B2 |
Organic light emitting display device and method of driving the same
An organic light emitting display device is disclosed. The device has a drive circuit which generates a reference clock to be used for synchronizing data signals supplied to the pixels. The reference clock is based on the frame frequency. As a result, the display will provide images of consistent quality which do not vary with input data frequency. |
| US08451205B2 |
Liquid crystal display device, liquid crystal display device drive method, and television receiver
In one embodiment of the present invention, a gate driver creates a dummy insertion period in which the driver does not apply a gate on pulse to a scanning signal line immediately after the time of the inversion of a data signal. When a period from the time of the application of the gate on pulse to an odd numbered or even numbered scanning signal line to which the gate on pulse is applied previously to the time of the application of the gate on pulse to an even numbered or odd numbered scanning signal line to which the gate on pulse is applied later is set as an adjacent line writing time lag period for two scanning signal lines adjacent to each other, a CS control circuit allows the polarity of every CS signal to be reversed on the same cycle at least in the adjacent line writing time lag period. This makes it possible to provide a liquid crystal display device capable of offering high quality display in which unevenness in the display is suppressed without being affected by the blunt waveform of the data signal and the blunt waveform of a retention volume signal at the time of the inversion. |
| US08451196B2 |
Organic light emitting diode display device and method of aging the same
An organic light emitting diode (OLED) display device and a method for aging the organic light emitting diode (OLED) display device. The OLED display device is constructed with an organic light emitting diode, a scan line for applying a scan signal, a data line for applying a data signal, a driving unit for applying the data signal in response to the scan signal, a driving transistor having a gate terminal electrically connected to the driving unit to supply a driving current to the organic light emitting diode in response to the data signal, and a first reverse bias transistor electrically connected between the gate terminal of the driving transistor and a first reverse bias voltage source. The method for aging the OLED display device includes: aging an organic light emitting diode, applying the same voltage to both of a first power supply voltage line, which is electrically connected to a first electrode of a driving transistor, and a second power supply voltage line, which is electrically connected to a second electrode of the organic light emitting diode, and applying a third reverse bias voltage to a gate terminal of the driving transistor. |
| US08451194B2 |
Information processing system, digital photo frame, information processing method, and computer program product
An information processing system includes a media information acquisition section that acquires media information, a media information storage section that stores the media information acquired by the media information acquisition section, a usualness level evaluation section that evaluates a usualness level of a user based on information that includes sensor information from at least one of a behavior sensor that measures a behavior of the user, a condition sensor that measures a condition of the user, and an environment sensor that measures an environment of the user, and a write section that writes the usualness level of the user evaluated by the usualness level evaluation section in the media information storage section so that the usualness level is linked to the media information acquired by the media information acquisition section. |
| US08451193B2 |
Overlayed display
A display (202) is formed on an OLED layer (210) and at least one other layer formed of different display technology (212). At least one sensor (206 and/or 208) is used to determine a condition which impacts readability of the display (202). The different display layers are enabled and disabled in response to the sensed conditions to provide optimum viewing. |
| US08451191B2 |
Display system, display method, information processing apparatus, and computer-readable storage medium
In a display system which includes a plurality of space management units which are hierarchically connected, and each of which manages a predetermined space region as a management space region, a content management unit which manages one or a plurality of contents, and a plurality of display units which display information on display regions. Wherein each of the plurality of display units displays a content arranged in a subspace corresponding to a self display region in the management space region. |
| US08451189B1 |
Ultra-wide band (UWB) artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) metamaterials for electrically thin antennas and arrays
This disclosure demonstrates a new class of Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) AMC with very large fractional bandwidth (>100%) even at lower frequencies (<1 GHz). This new UWB AMC is enabled by recognizing that any AMC must be an antenna in order to accept the incident radiation into the circuit. Therefore, by using UWB antenna design features, one can make wide band AMCs. Additionally, by manipulation of the UWB AMC element design, a 1/frequency dependence can be obtained for instantiating the benefits of a quarter wave reflection over a large UWB bandwidth with a single physical thickness. |
| US08451180B2 |
Integrated antenna and display shade
In one embodiment, an integrated antenna and display shade for a wireless portable control unit is provided which includes a stowable display shade having two side panels and a front panel between the two side panels. Each of the two side panels are foldably connected to opposing edges of the front panel so as to be capable of folding into planes generally parallel with a plane of the front panel when stowed and into planes generally orthogonal to the plane of the front panel when deployed to shade a visual display. The front panel includes an active antenna and each of the side panels include a parasitic antenna. |
| US08451171B1 |
Tool to automatically align outdoor unit
An alignment tool for aligning an antenna to a satellite configuration and a method for aligning an antenna to a satellite configuration is disclosed. An alignment tool for aligning an antenna to a satellite configuration in accordance with the present invention comprises a meter for measuring a satellite downlink signal power from the antenna, a motor for adjusting at least one fine adjustment mechanism of the antenna, and a processor, coupled to the motor and to the meter, for commanding the motor based on the received power from the antenna, wherein the processor commands the motor to maximize a received power from the antenna. |
| US08451169B2 |
Method and apparatus of correcting clock drift error
In an apparatus of correcting a clock drift error, a receiver unit receives a first GNSS signal from a satellite. A Doppler correction unit obtains a first predicted frequency. A tracking unit can obtain a first tracked frequency. The satellite-positioning unit determines a clock offset based on a position fix. A computation unit calculates a first difference between the first predicted and tracked frequencies. When the receiver unit is turned off and then on for receiving a second GNSS signal from the satellite, the Doppler correction unit obtains a second predicted frequency, the tracking unit obtains a second tracked frequency, and the computation unit calculates a second difference between the second predicted and tracked frequencies. An error correction unit computes an estimated clock offset according to the clock offset, the first difference, and the second difference. |
| US08451167B2 |
Methods of calculating the position of a GNSS receiver from two-frequency and single-frequency pseudo-measurements
The method of determination of the position of a mobile receiver using at least four satellites of which at least one first satellite transmits a first signal on one frequency, the broadcasting of the first signal being single-frequency, and of which at least one second satellite transmits second and third signals respectively on a first and a second frequency, the broadcasting of the signals being two-frequency, the receiver including means for reception of at least two frequencies, makes it possible to determine the position by a calculation of at least four pseudo-distances corresponding to the distances between each satellite and the receiver. The calculation of a pseudo-distance at the first frequency includes a step of estimation of the inter-frequency bias between the first and second frequencies. |
| US08451163B2 |
Weather radar apparatus and weather observation method
According to one embodiment, a weather radar apparatus includes an antenna unit, a drive unit, an adjustment unit, and a control unit. The antenna unit is configured to transmit radio waves from a plurality of antenna elements, perform beam scan in a direction of elevation angle by phase control, and receive waves reflected by a weather target. The drive unit is configured to drive an elevation angle and an azimuth angle of an aperture plane of the antenna unit. The adjustment unit is configured to adjust an observation range and an observation elevation angle by the antenna unit and the drive unit in accordance with a plurality of observation modes. The control unit is configured to set the observation mode based on a received signal of the reflected waves. |
| US08451162B2 |
Microwave datum tool
In one aspect, a measurement system is disclosed that includes a source of microwave radiation having one or more wavelengths capable of penetrating through a visibly opaque obstruction, e.g., a wall. The source can be movably positioned on one side of the obstruction for illuminating thereof. The system can further include a microwave reflecting element disposed on another side of the obstruction, where the reflecting element is capable of reflecting at least a portion of the radiation transmitted through the obstruction. A plurality of radiation sensors are positioned relative to the obstruction so as to differentially detect at least a portion of the reflected radiation transmitted through the obstruction so as to determine a position of the source relative to the reflective element. |
| US08451161B2 |
Switched-capacitor pipeline stage
A circuit for an N-bit stage (110i) of a pipeline ADC having L=2N levels, the circuit comprising: an operational amplifier (420); a first feedback capacitor (Cf1) having a first plate connected to an input of the operational amplifier and a second plate switchably connected on a first clock signal (φ1) to a first input voltage (±Vm) and on a second clock signal (φ2) to an output of the operational amplifier; a second feedback capacitor (Cf2) having a first plate connected to the input of the operational amplifier and a second plate switchably connected on the first clock signal to a discharge connection and on the second clock signal (φ2) to an output of the operational amplifier; and a plurality of K sampling capacitors (Cu), each sampling capacitor having a first plate connected on the first clock signal to the input of the operational amplifier and a second plate switchably connected on the first clock signal to a second input voltage (Vin) and on the second clock signal to one of a positive and negative reference voltage (+Vref, −Vref) dependent on a quantized value of an analog input signal (Vm). |
| US08451158B2 |
Analog to digital converter with generalized beamformer
Various embodiments of the present invention provide systems, apparatuses and methods for performing analog to digital conversion. For example, an analog to digital converter circuit is discussed that includes an analog input, a number of analog to digital converters and a generalized beamformer. The analog to digital converters are operable to receive the analog input and to yield a number of digital streams. Each of the analog to digital converters samples the analog input with different phase offsets. The generalized beamformer is operable to weight and combine the digital streams to yield a digital output. |
| US08451154B2 |
Pipelined ADC calibration
A method of calibrating a pipelined analog to digital converter having a plurality of DAC elements and an additional calibration DAC element is provided. In the method as provided herein, a combination of positive, negative and zero reference voltages are applied to the element under calibration and positive and negative reference voltages are applied to the additional calibration DAC element to obtain four calibration states. An error of the DAC element under calibration is extracted by calculating an average of the difference between the four calibration states. |
| US08451151B2 |
Successive approximation analog to digital converter with capacitor mismatch calibration and method thereof
A capacitance mismatch calibrating method for a successive approximation register ADC which includes at least one array of capacitors is provided. The method includes the following steps: firstly, at least two compensating capacitors are configured. A capacitor from the array of capacitors is selected as a capacitor-under-test. Then, the terminal voltages on the terminals of the array of capacitors and on the terminals of the compensating capacitors are determined. A first comparison voltage is outputted based on the determined terminal voltages. Afterwards, a sequence of comparisons is controlled based on the first comparison voltage and a second comparison voltage to output a sequence of corresponding digital bits. Finally, a calibration value is calculated to calibrate the value of a capacitor-under-test according to the digital bits. |
| US08451142B2 |
Meterless remote parking monitoring system
A meter-less remote parking monitoring system, incorporating a plurality of vehicle detector and Radio Frequency Identification Reader (RFID) units deployed in individual parking spaces; a plurality of Cellular Gateway Radios, each Cellular Gateway Radio being connected to one of said plurality of vehicle detector and Radio Frequency Identification Units; a Command and Control Server; the plurality of Cellular Gateway Radios being connected to said Command and Control Server via the internet. |
| US08451141B2 |
Intersection visibility determination device, vehicle with intersection visibility determination device, and method for determining intersection visibility
An intersection visibility determination device includes an ECU that determines visibility at an intersection. When a host vehicle approaches an intersection with a stop sign, the ECU calculates conflict points at which a trajectory vector of the host vehicle intersects with virtual trajectory vectors of intersecting objects, which are presumed to come from the right side and the left side of the intersection, respectively. The conflict points are calculated based on information on types and traveling positions of the intersecting objects. The ECU sets visibility determination areas at the intersection as viewed from the host vehicle based on the positions of the conflict points, the right-side and the left-side visibility target distances, and the current location of the host vehicle, and calculates, based on the visibility determination areas, visibility distances that are used as visibility parameters indicating whether the visibility at the intersection is good or poor. |
| US08451140B2 |
Monitoring road surface conditions
Monitoring road surface conditions using a mobile computer unit carried by a vehicle operating on a road network and adapted to detect information about the road surface conditions. The detection may be done by means of bump sensors which may also provide information on the size and the depth of the bump according to a detected shock with respect to the vehicle speed. Such information may then be transmitted to a central controller server. The central server may use the collected information for several purposes, such as help in planning maintenance of the road network; forwarded to users and vehicles for journey planning purposes; and to deviate traffic in case of extreme surface damage. |
| US08451138B2 |
Cryogenic storage device comprising a transponder
A method for operating a cryostorage device (100), especially for biological samples, is described which comprises a sample carrier (10) to receive at least one sample (11) and a data storage (20), wherein data are inductively transmitted from the data storage device (20) into a wireless transmission channel (40) and/or conversely using a resonant circuit (30) connected to the data storage device (20). |
| US08451137B2 |
Actuating downhole devices in a wellbore
A downhole tool system includes a first downhole tool and a second downhole tool. The first downhole tool includes a first controller operable to receive an actuation signal including a tone. The first controller actuates the first downhole tool if the tone is a first specified frequency and changes the first downhole tool to communicate the actuation signal to the second downhole tool if first downhole tool is not actuated in response to the actuation signal. A second downhole tool includes a second controller operable to receive the actuation signal. The second controller actuates the second downhole tool if the tone is a second specified frequency. The second frequency is different from the first frequency. |
| US08451126B2 |
Combination electronic article surveillance/radio frequency identification antenna and method
A combination EAS/RFID antenna for use in an EAS/RFID surveillance system. The antenna includes an EAS antenna element and an RFID antenna element. The EAS antenna element includes an EAS loop antenna defining an interior area. The RFID antenna element is positioned within the interior area defined by the EAS loop antenna and includes a ground plane and RFID patch antenna. The ground plane and/or the RFID patch antenna have a segmented conductor pattern etched thereon. The segmented conductor pattern minimizes eddy currents in the ground plane produced by current flow through EAS loop antenna. The RFID antenna element is situated proximate the EAS loop antenna in such a fashion that the overall size of the antenna is reduced. |
| US08451125B2 |
Reader based on RFID
Disclosed is an RFID-based reader configured to allow a UHF band RFID reader unit to recognize an RFID tag in a short distance, and to minimize an erroneous recognition, the reader including a gate frame discretely installed at both sides of an entrance and exit, a parabolic surface type reflective plate perpendicularly installed inside of the gate frame, an array antenna arranged on the reflective plate for receiving a tag information transmitted from an RFID tag, and an RFID reader unit for controlling an operation of the array antenna and converting the tag information received from the array antenna to a tag data. |
| US08451122B2 |
Smartcard performance enhancement circuits and systems
An RFID card includes a smartcard controller that receives power from a host device. The RFID card also includes a small inductive device capable of inductive coupling with an RFID reader. The small inductive device is small enough to fit in the form factor of a memory card or SIM card. Enhancement circuits enhance the usable read and write distance of the RFID card. |
| US08451116B2 |
Wireless battery-powered daylight sensor
A wireless battery-powered daylight sensor for measuring a total light intensity in a space is operable to transmit wireless signals using a variable transmission rate that is dependent upon the total light intensity in the space. The sensor comprises a photosensitive circuit, a wireless transmitter for transmitting the wireless signals, a controller coupled to the photosensitive circuit and the wireless transmitter, and a battery for powering the photosensitive circuit, the wireless transmitter, and the controller. The photosensitive circuit is operable to generate a light intensity control signal in response to the total light intensity in the space. The controller transmits the wireless signals in response to the light intensity control signal using the variable transmission rate that is dependent upon the total light intensity in the space. The variable transmission rate may be dependent upon an amount of change of the total light intensity in the space. In addition, the variable transmission rate may be further dependent upon a rate of change of the total light intensity in the space. |
| US08451114B2 |
Brand mapping
A user uses a portable electronic device to select an image representative of a brand. In response to the user's selection of the image representative of the brand, the device automatically presents the user with an image of a map that indicates a current location of the device and shows one or more images representative of brand purchase sites where the selected brand may be accessed by the user. |
| US08451112B2 |
Methods and apparatus for estimating departure time based on known calendar events
A method and apparatus generating a departure alert for an event based on a current location. The method may comprises: obtaining scheduling data associated with a first event, wherein the first event scheduling data includes a first event time value and a first event location value, obtaining a device location value, obtaining a current time value, determining if the first event location value and the device location value differ by more than a event location threshold, upon a determination that the first event location value and the device location value differ by more than the event location threshold, estimating a first travel time value from the device location and the first event location, generating a departure time value by comparing the first event time value and the estimated first travel time value, and generating a departure alert by comparing the departure time value and the current time value. |
| US08451109B1 |
System and method for improving vehicle operator awareness
A system that includes at least one processor, a first set of sensors connected to a first means for controlling a vehicle and electronically connected to the at least one processor, wherein the first set of sensors includes at least one sensor, a second set of sensors connected to a second means for controlling a vehicle and electronically connected to the at least one processor, wherein the second set of sensors includes at least one sensor, at least one alarm electronically connected to the at least one processor, and computer executable instructions readable by the at least one processor and operative to activate the at least one alarm when the first set of sensors detects the absence of an operator's hand, and the second set of sensors detects the absence of an operator's hand. |
| US08451107B2 |
Imaging system for vehicle
An imaging system for a vehicle includes an imaging sensor (12) and a display device (15) for displaying images representative of image data captured by the imaging sensor. The imaging sensor (12) has a rearward field of view when mounted at the vehicle. The imaging system generates a plurality of graphic overlays (130a, 130b, 130c) on the displayed images to enhance the driver's cognitive awareness of an object rearward of the vehicle. The graphic overlays comprises a plurality of graphic overlay segments. The graphic overlay segments convey three dimensional information to a person viewing the displayed images and the graphic overlays. The imaging system may adjust at least one of a color, an intensity and a rate of flashing of at least one of the plurality of graphic overlay segments in response to an object being detected rearward of the vehicle and within a distance threshold. |
| US08451105B2 |
Security and driver identification system
A security and driver identification system for use within the commercial transportation industry and which can be applied to private vehicles. The central component of the system is a telecommunications mobile terminal located within the vehicle with primary capability being to positively identify driver and vehicle to facilitate transceiver wireless communications between vehicle and authorized personnel. The telecommunications mobile terminal is preprogrammed with wireless network number, and is accessible and security procedure implemented by biocell phone communication from authorized driver. |
| US08451103B2 |
Mobile device and method for controlling vibration thereof
A mobile device for controlling a vibration includes an input unit configured to receive an input from a user or an external device; an output unit configured to generate an output; a vibration pattern generation unit configured to generate a vibration, and to move a center of the vibration within the mobile device according to the input from the input unit or the output from the output unit; and a control unit configured to control the vibration pattern generation unit so as to create a moving vibration sensation from a movement of the center of the vibration. |
| US08451101B2 |
Speech-driven patient care system with wearable devices
Embodiments of the invention provide a communication system for care providers and a method of managing patient care utilizing same. The system comprises a patient communication unit configured to be positioned proximate to a patient and operable to capture a patient call that includes speech input of the patient, a central console communicably coupled with the patient communication unit for receiving the call from the patient communication unit, and a portable communication unit configured to be carried by a care provider and communicably coupled with the central console, the portable communication unit operable to receive the call from the central console, to capture speech input of the care provider, and to play at least a portion of the patient speech input, the portable communication unit further operable to convert at least a portion of the care provider speech input into at least one command associated with the call. |
| US08451100B2 |
Use of a transponder for servicing work on an installation component
Described is the use of a transponder in a commercial installation, particularly a power plant, which allows problems and dangerous situations existing in this context to be avoided and the attainable occupational safety in a commercial installation, particularly a power plant, to be increased. The transponder includes a reception element, a transmission element, a visual display unit and a memory element and also a control element which is operatively connected to these, in a commercial installation, particularly a power plant, in an arrangement or positioning on or in proximity to a component or at a switching or measuring point associated with the component for the purpose of visually displaying an operating state for the component or the switching or measuring point associated therewith using the visual display unit of the transponder. |
| US08451099B2 |
Method for duplicating electronic vehicle keys with mutual authentication
A method for duplicating electronic keys with mutual authentication includes: applying temporarily, to an original electronic key, an inductive reader for signals exchanged between the key transponder and the vehicle immobilizer control unit; activating the vehicle instrument panel at least twice with the original key to cause the inductive reader to acquire the RDN1, RDN2, SIG1 and SIG2 codes transmitted by the control unit; connecting the inductive reader to a transponder reader/writer to transfer all acquired data; determining the non-readable SK code of the immobilizer control unit via the reader/writer by using a function inverse to that creating the SIG code from the ID, RND, SK codes and the acquired data; reading from the original key, via the reader/writer, using the non-readable SK code, any other data memorized therein, reading the ID code from the original key, via the reader/writer; and memorizing in a new key all the read data. |
| US08451098B2 |
Switchable active-passive RFID tag
Various embodiments of the invention combine a passive RFID tag with a manually switchable battery for additional transmit range when needed. In some embodiments, connecting the battery may also modify the contents of the data transmitted from the RFID tag. This feature may be particularly useful in applications in which a device generally only needs to identify itself as being in a small area, but may occasionally need to send out an alert with greater range. |
| US08451094B2 |
Phase hopping to reduce interference and improve radio frequency identification (RFID) tag throughput
A radio frequency identification (RFID) reader outputs an interrogation signal, and hops/varies the phase of the interrogation signal sent by the RFID reader over time. Varying the phase of the interrogation signal enables the RFID reader to provide, for each zone of an RF field of the RFID reader, a particular phase that reduces of the effects of interference RF signal(s) present in that zone of the RF field. Reducing the interference in each zone of the RF field increases the throughput of RFID tags that can be successfully read by the RFID reader. |
| US08451092B2 |
Method and apparatus for efficiently querying and identifying multiple items on a communication channel
Systems and methods for efficiently querying and identifying multiple items on a communication channel are disclosed. The invention is well suited to use with radio frequency identification with interrogation devices and systems that identify radio frequency identification transponders. A depth-first tree traversal protocol algorithm, including commands and symbols, is used to more efficiently interrogate a plurality of transponders in a short amount of time. |
| US08451091B2 |
Control system, electronic control unit, and communication method
The present invention provides, as one aspect, a control system having sensor units and an electronic control unit. The electronic control unit includes a transmission controlling means which sets a signal line connected to the sensor unit, which is a destination of communication data, to a first state, sets the signal line connected to the sensor unit, which is not the destination, to a second state, and transmits the communication data to the destination via a communication line. The sensor unit includes a reception controlling means which determines a state of the signal line connecting a sensor to the electronic control unit. When determining that the signal line of the sensor unit is in the first state, the reception controlling means receives the communication data and performs a predetermined process. When determining that the signal line is in the second state, the reception controlling means discards the communication data. |
| US08451088B2 |
Electronic lock box with transponder based communications
An electronic lock box contains a secure compartment for storing dwelling keys to a structure, and is typically mounted outside the dwelling structure. When properly instructed, usually with a coded message, the dwelling key can be accessed by opening the door to the secure compartment; such message can be manually entered on a keypad, or a programmed electronic key device can make the process more automatic. A lock box system uses a transponder at a dwelling base station (typically within the dwelling structure) to relay lock box status or access event information over a short range radio from the lock box to a remote central computer by using a more traditional communication system that is available within the dwelling. Additional sensors can be used to monitor the status of vandalism attempts. Furthermore, the lock box/transponder communications may be programmed so as to allow detection if the lock box is stolen. |
| US08451087B2 |
Passive entry system for automotive vehicle doors
A passive entry system for an vehicle door requires no active operator input to gain entrance to the vehicle. A door module recognizes the signal transmitted by an authorized key fob to identify the operator of the vehicle. The authentication of the operator coupled with the operator touching a sensor on the door to be opened actuates a release actuator that unlatches the selected door. The spring-load provided by the door seal will pop the door open from the closed position. A key cylinder, which can be located substantially anywhere on the door, is coupled mechanically to the release latch for use if the battery is weak and cannot activate the release actuator. An LED signals the state of the opening sequence for the door. The fixed door handle can incorporate a membrane switch or a capacitive sensor to indicate the selection of the door by the operator when touched. |
| US08451086B2 |
Remote control signaling using audio watermarks
A system for using a watermark embedded in an audio signal to remotely control a device. Various devices such as toys, computers, and appliances, equipped with an appropriate detector, detect the hidden signals, which can trigger an action, or change a state of the device. The watermarks can be used with a “time gate” device, where detection of the watermark opens a time interval within which a user is allowed to perform an action, such as pressing a button, typing in an answer, turning a key in a lock, etc. |
| US08451085B1 |
Co-fired multi-layer stack chip resistor and manufacturing method
A co-fired multi-layer stack chip resistor is provided. The co-fired multi-layer stack chip resistor includes a ceramic substrate and a multi-layer stack resistance structure monomer. The ceramic substrate is formed by stacking multiple layers of the ceramic membranes, wherein the ceramic membranes is formed of a bearing membrane and a porcelain slurry with the solvent, the binder and the dispersant. The multi-layer stack resistance structure monomer is stacked on the ceramic substrate, and includes multiple bearing membranes and multiple resistive layers, wherein each resistive layer is formed on the surface of the corresponding bearing membrane, the resistive layers are parallel to each other, and the contiguous resistive layers are stacked with the interval of the predetermined distance along the vertical direction. The multi-layer stack resistance structure monomer and the ceramic substrate are sintered and shaped with the predetermined sintering temperature and the predetermined sintering time in a kiln stove. |
| US08451083B2 |
Coil component and method of manufacturing the same
A coil component is provided with a magnetic substrate made of magnetic ceramic material, a thin-film coil layer containing a coil conductor formed on one principal surface of the magnetic substrate, a plurality of bump electrodes formed on the principal surface of the thin-film coil layer, and an insulating resin layer formed on the principal surface of the thin-film coil layer excluding formation positions of the bump electrodes. Each bump electrode has an exposure surface on a bottom surface and on two side surfaces of a layered product composed of the magnetic substrate, the thin-film coil layer and the insulating resin layer. A corner of the each bump electrode has a notch portion. The insulating resin layer includes a center resin portion provided in a center of the principal surface of the thin-film coil layer and a plurality of corner resin portions provided in the notch portion of each bump electrode. |
| US08451081B2 |
Coil assembly having pin support portions of different length
A coil assembly having a simplified bobbin structure and facilitating connection of a draw-out portion of a wire to a pin terminal. A coil assembly includes first and second pin support portions protruding in a protruding direction from a terminal base. First and second pin terminals protrude in the protruding direction from free end faces of the first and second pin support portions, respectively. The draw-out portion is electrically connected to an associated one of the pin terminals. The second pin support portion provides a protruding length from the terminal base greater than that of the first pin support portion, and the free end face of the second pin support portion is positioned downstream, in the protruding direction, of an imaginary linear draw-out portion directed linearly from the wire engaging portion to the first pin terminal, such that the second pin support portion is positioned and sized to intersect with the imaginary linear draw-out portion. |
| US08451080B2 |
Magnetic field focusing for actuator applications
The magnetic force between the electromagnet and plunger of a magnetic actuator, the electromagnet including a coil generating magnetic flux when the coil is energized, can be increased by locating a near field plate on the electromagnet. The near field plate has a spatially modulated surface reactance configured to focus the magnetic flux within a region of the plunger, such as the central portion of an end portion of the plunger proximate the electromagnet, so as to increase the magnetic force between the electromagnet and plunger. Examples also include permanent magnet based actuators and the use of other magnetic field focusing devices. |
| US08451074B2 |
Switch, in particular load breaking switch
A load breaking switch including a rotor embodied as a switch shaft segment, and a contact arm pivotally mounted in the rotor pivotable between an ON and OFF position about an axis of rotation and at the free end of which is a contact piece which is pivotable with the contact arm and is in contact with an opposite fixedly arranged contact piece when the contact arm is in its ON position. Current flows through the switch via the contact pieces and the contact arm. The contact arm is pivotable into its OFF position when the current flowing via the contact pieces exceeds a rated current value or an overload current value. A magnetizable area is spatially arranged inside the rotor such that the current flowing through the contact arm in this area induces a magnetic field which exerts a torque on the contact arm. |
| US08451073B2 |
Laminated RF device with vertical resonators having stack arrangement of laminated layers including dielectric layers
The present invention relates to a resonator device having a stacked arrangement of laminated layers including a plurality of dielectric layers, and at least one resonator comprising a short-circuit electrode, a first capacitor electrode and a second capacitor electrode. Each electrode comprises at least a portion of a layer of electrically conductive material provided on a surface of one of the dielectric layers. The second capacitor electrode is disposed spaced, in the stacking direction, from the short-circuit electrode and the first capacitor electrode. The short-circuit electrode and the second capacitor electrode are electrically interconnected by a first electrical connection comprising at least one via hole penetrating one or more of the dielectric layers. |
| US08451071B2 |
Low noise oscillators
An oscillator having: (A) a transistor for producing an oscillating output signal at an output electrode of the transistor. The oscillator includes; (B) a bias circuit for producing a bias signal for the transistor, said bias circuit including an amplifier coupled to the output electrode of the transistor; and (C) a circuit coupled between an output of the amplifier and a control electrode of the transistor, for isolating the bias signal provided by the amplifier from the oscillating signal. |
| US08451069B2 |
Oscillator having negative resistance device for generating electromagnetic wave
An oscillator having a negative resistance device and a resonator includes: a transmission line connected to the negative resistance device, a three-terminal device including a first terminal connected to the signal line side of the transmission line at a terminal part, a second terminal connected to the grounding line side of the transmission line and a third terminal receiving a control signal applied thereto; a first regulation unit for regulating the control signal to be applied to the third terminal; and a second regulation unit for regulating the voltage to be applied to the second terminal, the first and the second regulation unit being adapted to regulate respectively the control signal and the voltage so as to make the characteristic impedance of the transmission line and the impedance between the first and the second terminal show an impedance matching. The power consumption rate of the stabilizing circuit can be reduced. |
| US08451067B2 |
Variable modulus modulator for fractional-N frequency synthesizers
A variable modulus sigma delta (ΣΔ) modulator for a fractional-N frequency synthesizer in accordance with the present invention may include an integer division unit; a pulse-width modulation (PWM) generator, a ΣΔ noise-shaping unit, a first input FRAC for receiving a first programmable integer, and a second input MOD for receiving a second input, wherein the integer division unit is configured to perform a translation from the first input and the second input into a first output FRAC′ and a second output R, the PWM generator is configured to receive the second input MOD and the second output R, and generate a modulated pulse signal, and the ΣΔ noise-shaping unit is configured to receive the first output and the modulated pulse signal, and generate a sequence whose average equals approximately the first input over the second input. |
| US08451066B2 |
PLL circuit and angular velocity sensor using the same
A PLL circuit is provided with an AD converter, a DA converter to which output from the AD converter is inputted, a filter circuit filtering an output signal of the DA converter, a voltage control oscillator outputting a signal of a different frequency in accordance with an output signal from the filter circuit and a frequency divider dividing a signal which the voltage control oscillator outputs. The AD converter operates by a timing signal from the voltage control oscillator and the DA converter outputs an analog signal corresponding to a value which the AD converter outputs by the timing signal outputted from the frequency divider. |
| US08451061B2 |
Amplification of an incoming signal received via an antenna
In one embodiment, a method includes receiving a radio frequency (RF) at an antenna; generating negative feedback to linearize an amplifier by resistively or transformer coupling an output signal of a transistor of the amplifier to the input of the transistor; generating a rectified voltage by rectification of the output signal of the transistor; generating a constant reference voltage; and outputting a control voltage or a control current to the transistor based on the sum of the reference voltage and a first voltage derived from the rectified voltage. The output of the control voltage or control current facilitates control of an operating point of the transistor. |
| US08451060B2 |
Amplifier device
An amplifier device including a gain stage, an output stage, at least one phase compensation circuit and at least one coupling suppression device is provided. The gain stage has at least one feedback node. The output stage is coupled to the gain stage and has an output node for outputting an output voltage. Each of the at least one phase compensation circuit is coupled between a corresponding one of the at least one feedback node and the output node. Each of the at least one coupling suppression device is coupled between a corresponding one of the at least one feedback node and a respective coupling node, and is spontaneously turned on in response to a change of a voltage level at the corresponding feedback node when the corresponding feedback node is coupled by noise, thereby suppressing the change of the voltage level at the corresponding feedback node. |
| US08451059B1 |
Capacitively-coupled distributed amplifier with baseband performance
The present disclosure relates to a capacitively-coupled distributed amplifier (DA) having an input line and an output line that are coupled to one another through a broadband interface network and DA segments. The input line receives an input signal and the output line provides an output signal based on amplifying the input signal. The broadband interface network includes a group of capacitive elements coupled between the input line and the DA segments to extend a gain-bandwidth product of the DA. The broadband interface network further includes a resistor divider network coupled between the input line and the DA segments to extend a lower end of an operating bandwidth of the DA. As such, the operating bandwidth of the DA may extend from baseband frequencies to microwave frequencies. |
| US08451056B2 |
Apparatus for outputting symmetrical signal and amplifier circuit
A symmetrical signal generator that includes a first signal part configured to produce a first output pulse signal using a first input pulse signal and a second input pulse signal asymmetrical to each other, and a second signal part configured to produce a second output pulse signal using the first input pulse signal and the second input pulse signal. The second output pulse signal is one inverted to be symmetrical to the first output pulse signal. |
| US08451054B2 |
Power amplifying devices
A radio frequency amplifier amplifies a modulation signal or its phase modulation component and outputs the resultant signal. A linear amplifier adds an output voltage to a power supply voltage supplied to the radio frequency amplifier, amplifies a difference between the output voltage and the amplitude modulation component, and outputs the resultant difference. A control signal generation section detects a direction in which an output current of the linear amplifying section flows and generates a pulse modulation signal according to the direction of the current. A switching amplifying section controls connection and disconnection of a DC current based on the pulse modulation signal as a control signal so as to perform switching amplification for an output signal of the linear amplifying section, add the resultant signal to a predetermined DC voltage, and supply the resultant signal as the power supply voltage to the radio frequency amplifier. The DC current and the predetermined DC voltage are supplied to the switching amplifying section. |
| US08451052B2 |
Instrumentation input systems
An input stage for an instrumentation system may include a resistor coupled between an input terminal and a summing node, and an amplifier arranged to maintain the voltage at the summing node. In anther embodiment, an instrumentation input system may include an input stage to receive a signal to be measured, and a variable gain amplifier having an input coupled to an output of the input stage, wherein the variable gain amplifier comprises two or more gain stages. A variable gain amplifier may include an attenuator having an input and a series of tap points and a series of low-inertia switches to steer outputs from the attenuator to an output terminal. |
| US08451051B2 |
Dual mode sigma delta analog to digital converter and circuit using the same
The present invention provides a dual mode sigma delta analog to digital converter (ADC), which only in one hardware implementation, used for low IF and near zero IF receiver. The dual mode sigma delta ADC comprises a first switched-capacitor integrator; a second switched-capacitor integrator; a quantizer; a feedback circuit and a mode device. By switching the mode device on or off, one could easily change the configuration of the disclosed ADC to decide the receiving signal falling in low-IF or near zero IF. |
| US08451049B2 |
Power supply switching circuit
Provided is a power supply switching circuit with a smaller circuit scale. When a detector (11) detects that a voltage (V1) as an input power supply voltage is higher than a detection voltage (VDET), a control circuit (41) operates with a voltage (V4) output from a diode OR circuit (42), supplies a voltage (V2) as an input power supply voltage to a gate of a PMOS transistor (17), supplies a voltage (V3) to a gate of a PMOS transistor (18), and supplies a ground voltage to a gate of a PMOS transistor (19). Then, the PMOS transistors (17 and 18) are turned OFF and the PMOS transistor (19) is turned ON. In this case, the voltage V1 of a first terminal (T1) is output from a third terminal (T3) as the voltage (V3), which is an output power supply voltage. |
| US08451048B2 |
Low voltage temperature sensor and use thereof for autonomous multiprobe measurement device
A bandgap sensor which measures temperatures within an integrated circuit is presented. The sensor may include a first transistor having an emitter node coupled in series to a first resistor and a first current source, wherein a PTAT current flows through the first resistor, and a second transistor having a base node coupled to a base node of the first transistor, and a collector node coupled to a collector node of the first transistor, further wherein the first and second transistors are diode connected. The sensor may further include a first operational amplifier providing negative feedback to the first current source, wherein the negative feedback is related to a difference in the base-emitter voltages of the first and second transistors, and a second operational amplifier which couples the base-emitter voltage of the second transistor across a second resistor, wherein a CTAT current flows through the second resistor. |
| US08451043B2 |
On-chip self calibrating delay monitoring circuitry
The present disclosure relates to on-chip self calibrating delay monitoring circuitry. |
| US08451042B2 |
Apparatus and system of implementation of digital phase interpolator with improved linearity
An apparatus comprising: a first control switch driven by a first bit value; a first weighted switch driven by a first clock signal; a first intermediate node coupled between the first control switch and the second weighted switch; a first precharge transistor coupled to the first intermediate node, wherein the precharge transistor is driven by an inverse of the clock signal; a second control switch driven by an inverse of the bit; a second weighted switch driven by a second clock signal; a second intermediate node coupled between the second control switch and the second weighted switch; a second precharge transistor coupled to the second intermediate node, wherein the second precharge transistor is driven by an inverse of the second clock signal; and a capacitor coupled to the first control switch, the second control switch, the first precharge transistor and the second precharge transistor. |
| US08451041B2 |
Charge-injection sense-amp logic
A flip-flop circuit includes a charge injection module, a sense amp module, and a latch module. The charge injection module is configured to, in response to a clock signal, selectively provide electrical charge from a power supply to a first node. The sense amp module is configured to adjust a voltage of a second node in response to detecting a voltage of the first node crossing a threshold while the charge injection module is providing the electrical charge to the first node. The latch module is configured to in response to the clock signal, store a value based on a voltage of the second node. The latch module is also configured to provide the value as an output of the flip-flop circuit. |
| US08451038B2 |
Digital control unit having a transient detector for controlling a switched mode power supply
A switched mode power supply (SMPS) comprising a feedback unit, voltage feed forward (VFF) compensation signal generator and a transient detector. A VFF compensation signal is only applied to the output of the feedback unit when a transient is detected by the transient detector on the input voltage of the SMPS, thereby saving power and computation time. The transient detector comprises a first comparator to detect that a positive transient has occurred if a difference signal is greater than a positive threshold level; a second comparator to determine if the difference signal is within a predetermined range of positive values and output a result that indicates if the difference signal is within the predetermined range of positive values; and a first calculator to detect that a positive transient has occurred if, out of a first predetermined number of consecutive results of the output of the second comparator, there is at least a second predetermined number of results indicating that the difference signal is within the predetermined range of positive values. The transient detector comprises further features for similarly detecting a negative transient. |
| US08451037B2 |
Duty cycle correction circuit
A duty cycle correction circuit includes a duty cycle control unit configured to generate a corrected clock signal by correcting a duty cycle of an input clock signal in response to a control signal, a duty cycle detection unit configured to detect a duty cycle of the corrected clock signal and output a detection signal, and a control signal generation unit configured to generate the control signal in response to the detection signal. |
| US08451035B2 |
Synthesizable DLL on system-on-chip
The present disclosure provides an emulator mapping process on a system-on-a-chip (SoC) for debugging. The implementation reduces manual intervention and makes the emulation mapping process very generic and technology independent and hence it reduces overall project cycle time. In the present disclosure, the SoCs containing analog delay locked loops are made suitable for emulation by configuring analog delay locked loop module in parallel with a synthesizable delay logic module. Further, selection logic is provided to select any one of the module at a time. |
| US08451034B2 |
Clock hand-off circuit
A second latch latches the output data of a first latch using a third clock having the same frequency as that of a first clock. A third latch latches the output data of the second latch using a second clock having a frequency N (N represents an integer) times that of the first clock and the third clock. The second clock and the third clock have a frequency division/multiplication relation therebetween. |
| US08451033B2 |
Millimeter-wave wideband frequency doubler
A millimeter-wave wideband frequency doubler stage for use in a distributed frequency doubler includes: a differential input pair of transistors, each transistor having respective gate, drain and source terminals, wherein the source terminals are coupled together to a first power supply node and the drain terminals are coupled together at a first node to a second power supply node; first and second pairs of bandpass gate lines coupled to the gate terminals of the transistors; and a pair of bandpass drain lines coupled to the drain terminals of the transistors. |
| US08451032B2 |
Capacitive isolator with schmitt trigger
High voltage isolation capabilities are provided using a first integrated circuit die that includes an inverting circuit path and a non-inverting circuit path coupled to receive a single-ended signal and to generate a differential signal from the single-ended signal for transmission over an isolation link. A second integrated circuit die includes a differential Schmitt trigger circuit coupled to the differential signal communicated over the isolation link and to supply at least one output signal corresponding thereto. An isolation barrier is disposed between the inverting and non-inverting circuit paths and the differential Schmitt trigger circuit and includes at least two isolation capacitors coupled to respectively transmit each portion of the differential signal. |
| US08451030B2 |
Output device and test apparatus
An output device includes a main driver that outputs an output signal in accordance with an input signal input thereto, a noise driver that outputs a noise signal containing a noise waveform, a combiner that outputs a combined signal obtained by combining together the output signal and the noise signal, and a controller. The noise driver (i) sets an output end thereof at high impedance when not supplied with an enable signal, and (ii) varies an voltage level of the noise signal to be output therefrom in accordance with how a control signal supplied thereto varies when supplied with the enable signal. The controller controls the noise driver to output the noise signal containing the noise waveform that occurs when the output signal travels through a predetermined transmission line, by controlling a timing at which the control signal varies and a timing at which the enable signal is switched. |
| US08451028B2 |
Methods and devices for detecting single-event transients
Methods and devices for detecting single-event transients in combinational logic circuits and other circuits. A sensing circuit detects a voltage or current deviation at a bulk contact node of a transistor. Output of the sensing circuit is amplified and used to flip a latch. Output of the latch may be evaluated and used in possible error correction measures. |
| US08451025B2 |
Advanced repeater with duty cycle adjustment
An advanced repeater with duty cycle adjustment. In accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention, an advanced repeater includes an output stage for driving an output signal line responsive to an input signal and a plurality of active devices for selectably adjusting a duty cycle of the signal. The advanced repeater may further include circuitry for producing a delayed version of the signal. |
| US08451024B2 |
Bipolar-MOS driver circuit
The present invention relates to electronic driver circuits, and more particularly, to low power electronic driver circuits having low manufacturing costs. The present invention is a circuit design that utilizes two transistor types that can be manufactured together thereby reducing the number of processing steps and masks and resulting in lower cost. |
| US08451021B1 |
Calibrating on-chip resistors via a daisy chain scheme
A method for calibrating resistors on an integrated circuit chip via a daisy chain scheme. The method comprises the step of configuring one or more links of the daisy chain scheme, wherein each of the one or more links comprises one or more master resistors and one or more slave resistors. The method further comprises the steps of calibrating at least one on-chip reference resistor, the one or more master resistors, and the one or more slave resistors via the daisy chain scheme. The method using the daisy chain scheme enables resistance of at least one off-chip reference resistor to be duplicated to multiple distant locations while maintaining a low mismatch error. |
| US08451020B2 |
System and method for integrated circuit module tamperproof mode personalization
A function of an integrated circuit is selectively disabled by mechanical intervention at a module that contains the integrated circuit, such as drilling a hole through the module, cutting a slot in the module or burning a hole with a laser through the laser. Mechanical destruction of the module at a predetermined spot disrupts a function enable signal that is otherwise provide through wires of the module to a connection with the integrated circuit. Without the function enable signal from the module wires to the integrated circuit connector, the function associated with the function enable signal cannot run on the integrated circuit. |
| US08451019B2 |
Method of detecting failure and monitoring apparatus
A method of detecting a failure in an information processing apparatus is provided. The method includes detecting at least one of a power supply failure and a unit failure, monitoring the detected unit failures, and determining a detected unit failure for a first unit is erroneous if the monitoring indicates another of the units receiving power from a same power supply system as the first unit has also detected a unit failure. The power supply failure indicates a failure associated with a power supply system affecting more than one of the units, and the unit failure indicates a failure of one of the units. |
| US08451013B1 |
Insulated fiber sensor apparatus and method
An insulated fiber sensor apparatus is used in a composite that includes a number of fibers in a matrix. An insulated fiber is connected with the composite and is covered with insulation such that the insulation separates the insulated fiber from the matrix and from the number of fibers in the matrix. Further, a measurement device is connected with the insulated fiber. According to one aspect of the invention, the fibers are carbon fibers. |
| US08451005B2 |
Device and method for detecting a street lamp fault
A device for detecting a fault of at least one street lamp of a plurality of street lamps which are connectable in common to an AC power supply is proposed. The proposed device allows detecting whether a fault has occurred based on obtaining measures representative of the total active and reactive power supplied by the AC power supply to the plurality of street lamps, and detecting variations in these measures. Optionally, also the type of fault can be determined based on detected variations in the power measures. |
| US08451004B2 |
Multicoil low-field nuclear magnetic resonance detection and imaging apparatus and method
A multicoil NMR detection and imaging apparatus allows multicoil NMR detection and imaging to be performed efficiently at low operating frequencies. The apparatus comprises an AC voltage generator, a transmit switching circuit, a coil switching network, an array of two or more detection coils, a set of receive switching circuits with one switching circuit for each detection coil, and a set of preamplifier circuits with input impedance substantially greater than the impedance of each respective detection coil at the intended operating frequency. The AC generator produces an alternating current waveform that is routed through one of more detection coils during transmit mode while the preamplifier circuits are isolated from the detection coil(s). During receive mode the AC generator is isolated from the detection coils to prevent noise from the transmitter from degrading the quality of received signals. |
| US08451003B2 |
Magnetic sensor having magneto-resistive elements on a substrate
A magnetic sensor having first to fourth magneto-resistive elements, where the first and second magneto-resistive elements are connected at respective ends through a first connecting portion in a central region, and the third and fourth magneto-resistive elements are connected at respective ends through a second connecting portion that is parallel to the first connecting portion. The first and fourth magneto-resistive elements are connected at respective other ends through a third connecting portion, and the second and third magneto-resistive elements are connected at respective other ends through a fourth connecting portion. Depending on an external signal magnetic field, resistance values of the first and third magneto-resistive elements change in a same increasing or decreasing direction, whereas resistance values of the second and fourth magneto-resistive elements change in an increasing or decreasing direction opposite to the direction of the first and third magneto-resistive elements. |
| US08451001B2 |
Utility meter adapter
An adapter assembly that works with a standard utility meter to wirelessly transmit data about consumption. The adapter assembly generates information about consumption by cooperating with a pointer or shaft of an index (or index bracket) of a utility meter. In some versions, the adapter assembly includes an upper portion and a lower portion that interface together. The upper portion and the lower portion are configured to maintain alignment with the pointer/shaft and not create stress on the index. |
| US08450995B2 |
Method and apparatus for monitoring power consumption
A power consumption monitor, system, and method for monitoring power consumed by equipment, appliances, devices, buildings, and campuses is accomplished by passive sensors (12, 40) that detect power transmitted by individual conductors (C), and which include a current to voltage transformer with a passive, open-circuit electromagnetic force concentrator (22) positioned near the conductor (C). The sensor (22) generates an amplitude signal proportional to the power passing through the conductor (C). Programmable radios on a chip (32, 62, 72) and systems on a chip (34, 64, 74) are used to transmit the amplitude signal to a monitor (50) that displays the power being consumed along with actual and estimated cost and historical information. Software programs are implemented across the sensors (12, 40) and monitors (50) and a remote computer (80) to enable real-time monitoring power consumption with a resolution that spans from entire campuses down to single devices. |
| US08450993B2 |
Semiconductor buck circuit with floating-voltage suppression shunting current load
The present invention relates to a conventional circuit connected with the direct-current (DC) power supply in series through the semiconductor forward voltage drop, for producing voltage drop to lower the output DC voltage, however, if the output current is smaller, the voltage drop produced is not enough, the floating-voltage accordingly rises and damages the load, so a shunting current load is arranged in the circuit to suppress the floating-voltage. |
| US08450988B2 |
Systems and methods for controlling inductive energy in DC-DC converters
A DC-DC converter comprises a high-side switch, a low-side switch connected to the high-side switch, and an output capacitance. An inductance has one end connected to the high-side switch and the low-side switch and another end connected to the output capacitance. A shunting device circulates current flowing through the inductance back to the inductance during a load reduction transition to control a voltage across the output capacitance. |
| US08450987B2 |
Switching apparatus and control signal generator thereof
A switching apparatus has a switch and a control signal generator. The control signal generator is configured to generate a control signal applied to the switch to control the operations of turning on and off of the switch. The control signal generator has an inverter and a regulating circuit. The input end of the inverter receives an input signal, and the output end of the inverter outputs the control signal. The regulating circuit has a switching unit and a capacitor. A first end of the switching unit is coupled to the output end of the inverter, a second end of the switching unit is coupled to a first system voltage, a third end of the switching unit is coupled to a first end of the capacitor, and a second end of the capacitor is coupled to a second system voltage. |
| US08450986B2 |
Voltage regulator
Provided is a voltage regulator capable of setting an accurate short-circuit current. Used as a circuit for determining a current value of a short-circuit current of an overcurrent protection circuit is not a resistor for converting current into voltage but a circuit for controlling in the form of current, that is, a circuit of an N-channel depletion type transistor including a gate and a drain that are connected to each other and operating in a non-saturated state. The N-channel depletion type transistor has process fluctuations that are linked with those of a detection transistor, and hence an accurate short-circuit current may be set without trimming. |
| US08450983B2 |
Secondary control system for maintaining motor generator power generation during primary control failure
A microcomputer that exercises driving control and power-generation control over a motor generator unit and a power-generation maintaining unit that, separately from the power-generation control exercised by the microcomputer, maintains a power-generation process performed by the motor generator unit are provided. While the microcomputer is operating normally, the power-generation maintaining unit allows the microcomputer to exercise the power-generation control. When an abnormality has occurred in the microcomputer, the power-generation maintaining unit acts as a backup or secondary controller to maintain the power-generation process performed by the motor generator unit, in an autonomous manner independently of the microcomputer. |
| US08450980B2 |
Providing resilient power to a system
In one embodiment, the present invention includes a resilient power supply having a charger to charge a battery with a low voltage and to provide back-up battery power to a system; and a main power supply to provide a plurality of voltages for operation of the system. The resilient power supply may be used to discharge the battery into the main power supply upon loss of alternating current (AC) power in the system. |
| US08450979B2 |
Power adapter with internal battery
An adapter including an associated battery capable of powering an electronic device. The power adapter typically includes the battery as an integral component that is connected to a plug or other interface capable of mating with a power source, such as a wall socket. Thus, the adapter battery may provide power either to operate the device or charge a battery within (or otherwise associated with) the device even if the adapter is not connected to a power source. |
| US08450978B2 |
Monitoring a rechargeable battery with multiple parameter update rates
Monitoring a state of a rechargeable battery involves repeatedly obtaining at least one measured value related to the battery during discharge of the battery; repeatedly calculating the state of the battery during discharge of the battery based on a previously calculated state of the battery, the measured value and at least one parameter of the battery; before the state of the battery passes a threshold value, updating the parameter of the battery at a first rate; after the state of the battery passes the threshold value, updating the parameter of the battery at a second rate, faster than the first rate; and correcting the state of the battery in response to each update of the parameter. |
| US08450974B2 |
Electric vehicle extended range hybrid battery pack system
A power source comprised of a first battery pack (e.g., a non-metal-air battery pack) and a second battery pack (e.g., a metal-air battery pack) is provided, wherein the second battery pack is only used as required by the state-of-charge (SOC) of the first battery pack or as a result of the user selecting an extended range mode of operation. Minimizing use of the second battery pack prevents it from undergoing unnecessary, and potentially lifetime limiting, charge cycles. The second battery pack may be used to charge the first battery pack or used in combination with the first battery pack to supply operational power to the electric vehicle. |
| US08450971B2 |
Lithium-based battery pack for a hand held power tool
A method for conducting an operation including a power tool battery pack. The battery pack can include a housing, a first cell supported by the housing and having a voltage, and a second cell supported by the housing and having a voltage. The battery pack also can be connectable to a power tool and be operable to supply power to operate the power tool. The method can include discharging one of the first cell and the second cell until the voltage of the one of the first cell and the second cell is substantially equal to the voltage of the other of the first cell and the second cell. |
| US08450969B2 |
System for automatically charging electrically powered automated guided vehicles
A system for automatically charging electrically powered automated guided vehicles in which a unique identification tag is attached to each vehicle in the system. A reader is positioned to periodically read the tags on each vehicle as the vehicle passes near the reader. The reader then produces an output signal which identifies the vehicle as an input signal to a processor. The processor receives the signal from the reader and is programmed to determine if the vehicle is scheduled for an electrical recharging. If so, the processor generates an output signal to the vehicle to divert the vehicle to an electrical charging station. At the charging station, an electrical charger automatically engages electrodes on the vehicle to initiate and thereafter complete the electrical charge. |
| US08450960B2 |
Machine control system and method
An electronic control module for a machine may include instructions for performing a method. The method may include obtaining a total torque load limit for one or more hydrostatic transmission loops in the machine. The method may also include allocating the total torque load limit between the one or more hydrostatic transmission loops in the form of one or more lower level torque load limits. |
| US08450956B2 |
Apparatus and method for controlling operation of inverter system
An apparatus for controlling operation of inverter system configured to drive a motor by using an inverter, and to normally operate the motor in a resonance-generated frequency band if the resonance occurs, and a method thereof are disclosed, wherein the method includes detecting a current outputted by an inverter system to a motor, if an operation frequency of the motor is in a resonance frequency band, converting the detected current to a d axis current and a q axis current, calculating a difference between the converted d axis current and pre-sampled d axis current (magnetic flux portion), multiplying the calculated difference by a preset comparative control gain to calculate a comparative control voltage, and adding the calculated comparative control voltage to a torque portion voltage responsive to an operation frequency of the motor to generate a driving voltage of the motor. |
| US08450952B2 |
Power supply apparatus and power supply arrangement
The invention relates to a power supply apparatus and also to a power supply arrangement. The power supply apparatus comprises an interface to the load. The power supply apparatus also comprises at least one controllable solid-state switch, for supplying power between the aforementioned load and the power supply apparatus. The power supply apparatus comprises a controller, which is fitted to control the at least one controllable solid-state switch at the selected switching frequency. The switching frequency is selected such that the noise of the load corresponding to the selected switching frequency meets the selection criterion. |
| US08450949B2 |
LED driving device and driving system thereof
A light emitting diode (LED) driving device outputs a driving signal according to a select signal, an update data, and an update command. The driving device includes a buffer circuit, a display data storage, and a signal generating circuit. The buffer circuit includes register series and a bypass register. The buffer circuit selectively stores the update data in the register series and the bypass register according to the update command. The display data storage stores multiple display data. The display data storage updates the display data by using the update data stored in the register series according to the update command. The signal generating circuit outputs the driving signal according to the display data. When the update data is stored in the bypass register, the clock of the update data passing through the driver is reduced. |
| US08450946B1 |
Zone addressing circuit for an electronic ballast
A zone addressing circuit is provided for an electronic ballast having a boost inductor with an auxiliary winding. The zone addressing circuit includes a first circuit branch coupled to a first addressing input terminal, a second circuit branch coupled to a second addressing input terminal, and a third (common) branch coupled on a first end to a third addressing input terminal and on a second end to the auxiliary winding of the boost inductor for providing a high frequency input pulse signal to excite the first and second branches. The first branch generates a first digital output for the zone addressing circuit when coupled to the common branch, and the second branch generates a second digital output for the zone addressing circuit when coupled to the common branch. A controller adjusts a dimming level of the ballast based on the first and second digital outputs from the zone addressing circuit. |
| US08450944B2 |
Intelligent light for controlling lighting level
An intelligent light, such as a light for connecting with a low voltage line, is provided. The intelligent light includes a light source for coupling with a low voltage line, and a processor in communication with the light source and the low voltage line. The processor determines a voltage on the low voltage line and operates intermittent switching of the light source as a function of the determined voltage and the intermittent switching used to maintain an output level of the light source. |
| US08450942B2 |
Light emitting diode driving apparatus
A light-emitting-diode (LED) driving apparatus is provided, and which includes a power switch having a first terminal coupled to a first node and a second terminal coupled to a second node, wherein an LED string is coupled between a DC voltage and the first node; a first resistor coupled between the second node and a ground potential; and a control chip for generating a driving signal in response to a voltage on the second node and a bandgap voltage during an activation phase of the LED driving apparatus, so as to switch the power switch and thus making the LED string to be operated under a constant current for producing light, and further comparing a detection voltage obtained in response to a voltage on the first node with a predetermined voltage, so as to stop generating the driving signal when the detection voltage is greater than the predetermined voltage. |
| US08450941B2 |
Systems and methods for dynamic power management for use with a video display device
Embodiments of the present invention relate to methods and circuits for use with a system including a light emitting element (e.g., a laser diode or light emitting diode) that is driven by a current produced by a current output digital-to-analog converter (DAC), wherein the light emitting element or the DAC is powered by a supply voltage produced by a voltage supply. In accordance with an embodiment, a measure indicative of a voltage at an output of the DAC is obtained, wherein the voltage at the output of the DAC is indicative of a voltage headroom available for the DAC. The measure indicative of the voltage at the output of the DAC is compared to one or more predetermined references, and the supply voltage is controlled based on the comparison(s). |
| US08450940B2 |
Gas-discharge lamp controller utilizing a novel preheating phase control mechanism
A gas-discharge lamp controller utilizing a novel preheating phase control mechanism, having: a supply voltage tracking reference voltages generator, biased between a supply voltage and a reference ground, for generating a first reference voltage which is proportional to the supply voltage; and a control unit, for generating a high threshold signal according to the first reference voltage and a saw-tooth signal, the peak value of the saw-tooth signal being proportional to the supply voltage, wherein the control unit has a preheating phase, the high threshold signal is coupled with the first reference voltage during the preheating phase, and the time duration of the preheating phase is set by a predetermined number of periods of the saw-tooth signal. |
| US08450938B2 |
Analog LED controller
The present invention provides a cost effective analog apparatus to enable the user to obtain a display of varied color frequencies using a variety of LED light sources, both in the visual and non-visual ranges, acting in synchronous response to electronic input sources. The present invention provides an analog LED controller that includes a power supply terminal, an input terminal, and a plurality of color LED control circuits. The plurality of color LED control circuits include a first color LED control circuit, one or more nth color LED control circuits and a Nth color LED control circuit, wherein 1 |
| US08450935B2 |
Controller circuit for half wave LED light strings
A series connected light string using LEDs connected to an AC power source is disclosed. In order to make some or all of the lights color change, twinkle, and/or flash, controllers are provided in series with all or some of the LEDs. Because the supply source AC, but the active elements are essentially rectifiers, the circuit becomes a half wave DC circuit. Half wave DC will cause unpredictable behavior in DC circuit components. This will cause the controller to shut down during the zero voltage portion of the pulsating DC cycle. To prevent this a current supplying element is placed in parallel with the controller. |
| US08450932B2 |
High pressure sodium lamp
A high pressure sodium lamp includes a lamp base, a light admissible housing and a sodium vapor illumination arrangement, which includes a light core extended from the lamp base into the light admissible housing; a supporting frame, and an arc tube. The supporting frame longitudinally extends in the light admissible housing, and has an upper end portion supported by an upper portion of the light admissible housing, and a lower end portion supported by the light core. The arc tube has a first and a second electrode formed at two ends thereof and electrically connected with the upper end portion of the supporting frame and the light core respectively, wherein sodium vapor in the arc tube is electrically excited to discharge light having an intensity equivalent to that generated by more than 1000 W power. |
| US08450931B2 |
Process for minimizing electromigration in an electronic device
A process for reducing Ag electromigration in electronic circuitry includes the step of treating the electronic circuitry with an electromigration resistant composition. This process is useful in fabricating electronic devices having electronic circuitry that is close together, such as resistors, capacitors, and displays, e.g., a plasma display panel (PDP) or a liquid crystal display (LCD). |
| US08450929B2 |
Light emitting device, backlight unit, liquid crystal display apparatus, and lighting apparatus
Provided is a light-emitting device which can reduce grainy texture, suppress color unevenness and luminance unevenness. A light-emitting device according to the present invention includes: a board; a plurality of light-emitting parts each of which includes (i) a LED chip mounted on the board and (ii) a phosphor-containing resin including a light wavelength converter and covering the LED chip. Further, the light-emitting device includes a light-guiding member provided on the board, between the light-emitting parts which are adjacent to each other. Furthermore, the light-guiding member is formed to cover part of the phosphor-containing resin. |
| US08450928B2 |
Organic light emitting display device and method of manufacturing the same
Provided is an organic light emitting device, which is flexible and is capable of effectively preventing permeation of oxygen or moisture. The organic light emitting device includes a substrate; a metal sheet that faces the substrate; an organic light emitting unit that is interposed between the substrate and the metal sheet; an adhesive unit that is interposed between the substrate and the metal sheet to adhere the substrate and the metal sheet to each other and that is located around at least the organic light emitting unit; and an adhesive layer that is formed at a location on the metal sheet where the metal sheet contacts the adhesive unit and that is formed of a metal oxide or a metal nitride. |
| US08450927B2 |
Phosphor-containing LED light bulb
An LED bulb, which includes a shell, a filler material within the shell of the bulb, at least one type of phosphor dispersed inside the filler material and at least one LED within the shell. |
| US08450923B2 |
Luminescent material and light-emitting device
A luminescent material which is featured in that it exhibits an emission peak at a wavelength ranging from 490 to 580 nm as it is excited by light having a wavelength ranging from 250 to 500 nm and that it has a composition represented by the following general formula (2): (M1-xRx)a2AlSib2Oc2Nd2 (2) (In the general formula (2), M is at least one metallic element excluding Si and Al, R is a luminescence center element, and x, a2, b2, c2 and d2 satisfy the following relationships: 0 |
| US08450921B2 |
Wavelength conversion structure, manufacturing methods thereof, and lighting emitting device including the wavelength conversion structure
A wavelength conversion structure comprises a phosphor layer comprising a first part and a second part formed on the first part, wherein the first part and the second part have a plurality of pores, a first material layer formed in the plurality of pores of the first part, a second material layer formed in the plurality of pores of the second part and a plurality of phosphor particles, wherein the plurality of phosphor particles is distributed in the first material layer and the second material layer. |
| US08450909B2 |
Piezoelectric power generating apparatus
A piezoelectric power generating apparatus comprises a frame body having an axis line, a moving member and a plurality of piezoelectric portions. The moving member is penetrated into the frame body. Each of the piezoelectric portions comprises a first end and a second end. Each of the first ends is fixed at the frame body and each of the second ends is fixed at the moving member. The moving member is moved back and forth along the axis line of the frame body. |
| US08450903B2 |
Electrostrictive composite, method for making the same and electrothermic type actuator
An electrostrictive composite includes a first material layer and a second material layer. The first material layer and the second material layer are stacked to each other. The thermal expansion coefficients of the first material layer and the second material layer are different. The first material layer includes a polymer matrix and a plurality of carbon nanotubes dispersed therein. Also an electrothermic type actuator using the electrostrictive composite is provided. |
| US08450902B2 |
Electrostatic actuator device having multiple gap heights
The present application is directed to novel electrostatic actuators and methods of making the electrostatic actuators. In one embodiment, the electrostatic actuator comprises a substrate, an electrode formed on the substrate and a deflectable member positioned in proximity to the electrode so as to provide a gap between the electrode and the deflectable member. The deflectable member is anchored on the substrate via one or more anchors. The gap comprises at least one first region having a first gap height positioned near the one or more anchors and at least one second region having a second gap height positioned farther from the anchors than the first region. The first gap height is smaller than the second gap height. |
| US08450900B2 |
Method for the mechanical winding of a coil
A method for the mechanical winding of a coil having at least one wire is disclosed. The coil has a coil inner side and at least two winding layers, with one winding layer being formed by turns situated essentially parallel to the coil inner side, to increase the precision of the winding and to reduce the dimensional tolerances of the winding. At least during the winding of a first winding layer, a gap is formed at a predefinable position between a first turn and a second turn adjacent to the first turn, with the second turn being wound immediately following the first turn. The width of the gap at least regionally is at least one wire diameter, and the wire is guided into the gap after the winding of the second turn, and optionally after the winding of further turns, thereby forming at least one support turn. |
| US08450899B2 |
Stator for electric rotating machine
A stator includes a stator core and a multi-phase stator coil comprised of a plurality of electric wires. Each of the electric wires has first, second, . . . , nth in-slot portions and first, second, . . . , (n−1)th turn portions, where n is an integer not less than 4. The first in-slot portions of the electric wires are located most radially outward and the nth in-slot portions are located most radially inward in the slots of the stator core. Each of the electric wires also has a first end portion positioned on the first in-slot portion side and a second end portion positioned on the nth in-slot portion side. Each of phase windings of the stator coil is formed of at least two of the electric wires. The first end portion of one of the two electric wires is connected to the second end portion of the other electric wire. |
| US08450886B2 |
Linear vibrator
There is provided a linear vibrator including: a housing having an internal space formed therein; a magnetic field unit including a yoke disposed in the internal space and having a magnet and a magnet insertion part formed therein, and interacting with a coil to which power is applied to linearly move in the internal space, the magnet insertion part determining an insertion position of the magnet; and an elastic member disposed in a space between the housing and the magnetic field unit and elastically supporting linear movement of the magnetic field unit. |
| US08450885B2 |
Coolant-cooled linear motor
In a coolant-cooled linear motor includes an armature including armature windings and a cooling jacket arranged to surround the armature windings, the cooling jacket unit includes four cooling jackets defining four side faces parallel to the extension direction of the armature and two end blocks defining two opposite end faces in the extension direction of the armature, the cooling jackets and the end blocks being connected to one another in a box shape. Each of the cooling jackets has an internal space to be supplied with a coolant; and a field magnet unit includes a yoke made of a ferromagnetic material and permanent magnets arranged in the yoke, one of the armature and the field magnet unit making relative movement with respect to the other. |
| US08450884B2 |
Compressed air energy storage system utilizing two-phase flow to facilitate heat exchange
A compressed-air energy storage system according to embodiments of the present invention comprises a reversible mechanism to compress and expand air, one or more compressed air storage tanks, a control system, one or more heat exchangers, and, in certain embodiments of the invention, a motor-generator. The reversible air compressor-expander uses mechanical power to compress air (when it is acting as a compressor) and converts the energy stored in compressed air to mechanical power (when it is acting as an expander). In certain embodiments, the compressor-expander comprises one or more stages, each stage consisting of pressure vessel (the “pressure cell”) partially filled with water or other liquid. In some embodiments, the pressure vessel communicates with one or more cylinder devices to exchange air and liquid with the cylinder chamber(s) thereof. Suitable valving allows air to enter and leave the pressure cell and cylinder device, if present, under electronic control. |
| US08450873B2 |
AV system, power feeding apparatus and power receiving apparatus
An AV system in which a power feeding apparatus and a plurality of power receiving apparatuses are connected in a daisy chain with the power feeding apparatus in the lead, wherein the power feeding apparatus includes: a connection detecting line; an applying unit for applying a voltage to the connection detecting line; and a power supply unit for supplying a power to the power receiving apparatus or suspends the supply of the power according to a voltage level of the connection detecting line, the power receiving apparatuses include: a contents signal output unit for outputting a contents signal upon the supply of the power; a ground terminal having a ground potential; a conducting line connectable to the ground terminal in another power receiving apparatus adjacent on the rear; and a first switch unit for enabling the connection detecting line to be connected to any one of the ground terminal and the conducting line and holding a connected state even when the power is not supplied. |
| US08450872B2 |
Vertical wind power generator with automatically unstretchable blades
A vertical wind power generator with automatically unstretchable blades is disclosed. The vertical wind power generator includes a generator, a linkage mechanism, a lifting type blade assembly, a resistance type blade assembly and a drive unit. The drive unit provides power for driving the linkage mechanism. The drive unit has an output shaft movable between a first position and a second position. When the output shaft is moved to the first position, the linkage mechanism is driven to move the resistance type blades to a stretched position. When the output shaft is moved to the second position, the linkage mechanism is driven to move the resistance type blades to an unstretched position. |
| US08450866B2 |
Micromechanical device for amplifying a vibrating movement
An apparatus for amplifying a vibratory movement includes a micromechanical device having an interface for fixedly joining it to a vibrating member; a mass mounted to be mobile in at least one degree of freedom relative to the interface; a spring capable of exerting a return force between the mobile mass and the interface; an orientation-detecting member for detecting the orientation of the shift of the interface according to said degree of freedom; and a coupling member for coupling the mobile mass to the interface. The coupling member is configured to couple the mobile mass to the interface when an orientation of shift of the interface is opposite that of the mobile mass and to uncouple the mobile mass from the interface before a change in orientation of the interface and when the orientation of shift of the interface is identical to that of the mobile mass. |
| US08450859B2 |
Semiconductor device mounted structure and its manufacturing method
A semiconductor device mounted structure includes a semiconductor device having a plurality of first electrodes, a circuit board having a plurality of second electrodes, a plurality of bumps respectively formed on the plurality of first electrodes, a plurality of bonding members respectively positioned between the bumps and the second electrodes to electrically connect the first electrodes to the second electrodes via the bumps, and a plurality of reinforcing resin members respectively positioned around the bonding members so as to cover at least the bonding members and bonding regions between the bonding members and the bumps. Adjacent reinforcing resin members are spaced away from each other so as not to have contact with each other without being in contact with the semiconductor device. This semiconductor device mounted structure enhances the reliability of joints in impact resistance and makes it easy to repair it. |
| US08450858B2 |
Method of manufacturing semiconductor device including wiring layout and semiconductor device
A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device having a first wiring layer, a first interlayer insulating film, a second interlayer insulating film, a third interlayer insulating film, and a second wiring layer, in which the method includes depositing the second wiring layer on the third interlayer insulating film and, where the widths of first wiring layer and the second wiring layer are 10.0 μm or greater, executing one of etching the second wiring layer to set a width of 1.0 μm or greater in a portion where the first wiring layer and the second wiring layer overlap and etching the second wiring layer to seta horizontal distance of 2.0 μm or greater between adjacent portions of the first wiring layer and the second wiring layer. |
| US08450855B2 |
Semiconductor device
A semiconductor device has a semiconductor substrate which has a plurality of pad electrodes provided on a top surface thereof and has an approximately rectangular shape; a rewiring layer which is provided with a plurality of contact wiring lines connected to the plurality of pad electrodes, is disposed on the semiconductor substrate through an insulating film, and has an approximately rectangular shape; and a plurality of ball electrodes which are provided on the rewiring layer. A plurality of first pad electrodes among the plurality of pad electrodes are arranged on an outer circumference of the semiconductor substrate to be along a first side of the semiconductor substrate, a plurality of first ball electrodes among the plurality of ball electrodes are arranged on an outer circumference of the rewiring layer to be along the first side, and any one of the plurality of first ball electrodes is connected to the first pad electrode positioned below the corresponding ball electrode through the contact wiring lines, and the first pad electrodes are not disposed on the lower side of the first ball electrodes positioned at an end of the first side. |
| US08450854B2 |
Interconnect structures with patternable low-k dielectrics and method of fabricating same
The present invention provides an interconnect structure in which a patternable low-k material is employed as an interconnect dielectric material. Specifically, this invention relates to single-damascene and dual-damascene low-k interconnect structures with at least one patternable low-k dielectric. In general terms, the interconnect structure includes at least one patterned and cured low-k dielectric material located on a surface of a substrate. The at least one cured and patterned low-k material has conductively filled regions embedded therein and typically, but not always, includes Si atoms bonded to cyclic rings via oxygen atoms. The present invention also provides a method of forming such interconnect structures in which no separate photoresist is employed in patterning the patterned low-k material. |
| US08450850B2 |
Thin-film transistor substrate and method of manufacturing the same
Provided are a thin-film transistor (TFT) substrate and a method of manufacturing the same. The method includes: forming a passivation film by forming an insulating film on a substrate; forming a photoresist pattern by forming a photoresist film on the passivation film, exposing the photoresist film to light, and developing the photoresist film; performing a first dry-etching by dry-etching the passivation film using the photoresist pattern as an etch mask; performing a baking to reduce a size of the photoresist pattern; performing a second dry-etching to form a contact hole by dry-etching the passivation film again using the photoresist pattern as a mask; removing the photoresist pattern; and forming a pixel electrode of a carbon composition that includes carbon nanotubes and/or graphene on a top surface of the passivation film. |
| US08450848B2 |
Semiconductor device and method for fabricating the same
A semiconductor device includes an electronic part including an electrode, a substrate including a substrate electrode electrically connected to the first electrode on an upper surface thereof, the first substrate electrode and the first electrode being arranged, facing each other, a connecting member configured to connect the electrode with the substrate electrode, and a sealing material including a first resin portion which contains flux and contacts at least a connection portion between the connecting member and the substrate electrode, and a second resin portion which contains a lower concentration of flux than that of the first resin portion. A gap between the electronic part and the substrate is filled with the sealing film. |
| US08450845B2 |
Semiconductor device
The object of the present invention is to efficiently dissipate heat from the upper and lower main surfaces of a semiconductor device carrying a semiconductor element. A semiconductor device (1) is provided with an insulating substrate (10A), an insulating substrate (10B) provided so as to face the insulating substrate (10A), and a semiconductor element (20) disposed between the insulating substrate (10A) and the insulating substrate (10B) and having a collector electrode and an emitter electrode provided on the side opposite to that of the collector electrode. The collector electrode is electrically connected to a metal foil (10ac) provided on the insulating substrate (10A), and the emitter electrode is electrically connected to the metal foil (10bc) provided on the insulating substrate (10B). As a result, heat generated by the semiconductor element (20) is efficiently dissipated from the upper and lower main surfaces of the semiconductor device (1). |
| US08450837B2 |
Circuit device having an improved heat dissipitation, and the method of manufacturing the same
In a hybrid integrated circuit device, a circuit board on which an island portion of a lead is fixedly attached and a control board on which a control element and the like are mounted are disposed in an overlapping manner. The circuit board and the control board are integrally encapsulated with an encapsulating resin. A transistor disposed on an upper surface of the circuit board and a control element mounted on an upper surface of the control board are also covered by the encapsulating resin. Thus, a module in which an inverter circuit and a control circuit are integrally encapsulated with resin is provided. |
| US08450834B2 |
Spacer structure of a field effect transistor with an oxygen-containing layer between two oxygen-sealing layers
This disclosure relates to a spacer structure of a field effect transistor. An exemplary structure for a field effect transistor includes a substrate; a gate structure that has a sidewall overlying the substrate; a silicide region in the substrate on one side of the gate structure having an inner edge closest to the gate structure; a first oxygen-sealing layer adjoining the sidewall of the gate structure; an oxygen-containing layer adjoining the first oxygen-sealing layer on the sidewall and further including a portion extending over the substrate; and a second oxygen-sealing layer adjoining the oxygen-containing layer and extending over the portion of the oxygen-containing layer over the substrate, wherein an outer edge of the second oxygen-sealing layer is offset from the inner edge of the silicide region. |
| US08450833B2 |
Spacer double patterning that prints multiple CD in front-end-of-line
A semiconductor device is formed with sub-resolution features and at least one additional feature having a relatively larger critical dimension using only two masks. An embodiment includes forming a plurality of first mandrels, having a first width, and at least one second mandrel, having a second width greater than the first width, overlying a target layer using a first mask, forming sidewall spacers along the length and width of the first and second mandrels, forming a filler adjacent each sidewall spacer, the filler having the first width, removing the filler adjacent sidewall spacers along the widths of the first and second mandrels using a second mask, removing the sidewall spacers, and etching the target layer between the filler and the first and second mandrels, thereby forming at least two target features with different critical dimensions. Embodiments further include using a third mask to form a semiconductor device having further features with a different critical dimension, but the same pitch, as the sub-resolution features. |
| US08450831B2 |
Semiconductor device having high frequency wiring and dummy metal layer at multilayer wiring structure
A semiconductor device, includes a semiconductor device, a wiring layer provided on the semiconductor substrate, a high frequency wiring provided in the wiring layer, and plural dummy metals provided in the wiring layer apart from the high frequency wiring, wherein the wiring layer in plan view includes a high frequency wiring vicinity region and an external region surrounding the high frequency wiring vicinity region, wherein the high frequency wiring vicinity region includes a first region enclosed by an outer edge of the high frequency wiring, and a second region surrounding the first region, wherein the plural dummy metals are disposed dispersedly in the high frequency wiring vicinity region and in the external region respectively, and wherein an average interval between the dummy metals in the high frequency wiring vicinity region is wider than that in the external region. |
| US08450830B2 |
Forming a ferromagnetic alloy core for high frequency micro fabricated inductors and transformers
A plurality of sequential electro-deposition, planarization and insulator deposition steps are performed over a patterned thick photoresist film to form a laminated ferromagnetic alloy core for micro-fabricated inductors and transformers. The use of a plurality of contiguous thin laminations within deep patterns on non-removable photoresist film provides sufficient volume of magnetic film in, for example, high frequency applications, and reduces eddy current loss at high frequency. |
| US08450829B2 |
Efficient pitch multiplication process
Pitch multiplied and non-pitch multiplied features of an integrated circuit, e.g., features in the array, interface and periphery areas of the integrated circuit, are formed by processing a substrate through a mask. The mask is formed by patterning a photoresist layer which simultaneously defines mask elements corresponding to features in the array, interface and periphery areas of the integrated circuit. The pattern is transferred to an amorphous carbon layer. Sidewall spacers are formed on the sidewalls of the patterned amorphous carbon layer. A layer of protective material is deposited and then patterned to expose mask elements in the array region and in selected parts of the interface or periphery areas. Amorphous carbon in the array region or other exposed parts is removed, thereby leaving a pattern including free-standing, pitch multiplied spacers in the array region. The protective material is removed, leaving a pattern of pitch multiplied spacers in the array region and non-pitch multiplied mask elements in the interface and periphery areas. The pattern is transferred to a hard mask layer, through which an underlying substrate is etched. |
| US08450825B2 |
Semiconductor package
A semiconductor package is disclosed. In one aspect, the package includes a base frame and a wiring substrate mounted on the base frame. The base frame has two pieces made of a material with respectively a first and a second coefficient of thermal expansion and connected to each other via resilient connecting structures. The wiring substrate has electric wiring tracks providing the electric connection between first and second bond pads, provided for being electrically connected to bond pads on respectively a die and a printed wiring board. The electrical wiring tracks have flexible parts provided to expand and contract along with the resilient connecting structures. |
| US08450824B2 |
Optically transmissive metal electrode, electronic device, and optical device
According to one embodiment, an optically transmissive metal electrode includes a plurality of first and second metal wires. The first metal wires are disposed along a first direction, and extend along a second direction intersecting the first direction. The second metal wires are disposed along a third direction parallel with a plane including the first and second directions and intersecting the first direction, contact the first metal wires, and extend along a fourth direction parallel with the plane and intersecting the third direction. A first pitch between centers of the first metal wires is not more than a shortest wavelength in a waveband including visible light. A second pitch between centers of the second metal wires exceeds a longest wavelength in the waveband. A thickness of the first and second metal wires along a direction vertical to the plane is not more than the shortest wavelength. |
| US08450821B2 |
Method and apparatus providing combined spacer and optical lens element
A method and apparatus used for forming a lens and spacer combination, and imager module employing the spacer and lens combination. The apparatus includes a mold having a base, spacer section, and mold feature. The method includes using the mold with a blank to create a spacer that includes an integral lens. The spacer and lens combination and imager modules can be formed on a wafer level. |
| US08450819B2 |
Plasma doping method and apparatus thereof
In a plasma torch unit, a conductor rod having a spiral shape is disposed inside a quartz pipe having a surface coated with boron glass, and a brass block is disposed on the periphery thereof. While a gas is being supplied into a cylindrical chamber, a high-frequency power is supplied to the conductor rod and a plasma is generated in the cylindrical chamber, so that a base material is irradiated with the plasma. |
| US08450818B2 |
Methods of forming spin torque devices and structures formed thereby
Methods of forming spin torque microelectronic devices are described. Those methods may include forming a free FM layer on a substrate, forming a non-magnetic layer on the free FM layer, forming at least three input pillars on the non-magnetic layer, and forming an output pillar on the non-magnetic layer to form a majority gate device. |
| US08450817B2 |
Microelectromechanical system package with strain relief bridge
A strain absorption bridge for use in a MEMS package includes a first substrate that is configured to be attachable to a circuit board. A first elastically deformable element is coupled to the first substrate and the first elastically deformable element is configured to be attachable to a MEMS device. Alternatively, the MEMS device may be attached to the first substrate. The elastically deformable element at least partially absorbs and dissipates mechanical strain communicated from the circuit board before the mechanical strain can reach the MEMS device. |
| US08450807B2 |
MOSFETs with reduced contact resistance
A method and structure for forming a field effect transistor with reduced contact resistance are provided. The reduced contact resistance is manifested by a reduced metal semiconductor alloy contact resistance and a reduced conductively filled via contact-to-metal semiconductor alloy contact resistance. The reduced contact resistance is achieved in this disclosure by texturing the surface of the transistor's source region and/or the transistor's drain region. Typically, both the source region and the drain region are textured in the present disclosure. The textured source region and/or the textured drain region have an increased area as compared to a conventional transistor that includes a flat source region and/or a flat drain region. A metal semiconductor alloy, e.g., a silicide, is formed on the textured surface of the source region and/or the textured surface of the drain region. A conductively filled via contact is formed atop the metal semiconductor alloy. |
| US08450805B2 |
Compound semiconductor switch circuit device
A high-resistance element is connected as a part of a control resistor between a control terminal pad and a protecting element, immediately near the control terminal pad. Thus, even if a high-frequency analog signal leaks to the control resistor, the leaked signal is attenuated by the high-resistance element. This substantially eliminates the possibility of the high-frequency analog signal transmitting to the control terminal pad. Accordingly, an increase in insertion loss can be suppressed. |
| US08450803B2 |
Semiconductor device and DC-to-DC converter
In general, according to one embodiment, a semiconductor device includes a device main body, a semiconductor substrate. The device main body includes a semiconductor substrate mounting part and a first conductor provided around the semiconductor substrate mounting part. The semiconductor substrate includes a DC-to-DC converter control circuit having a detector to detect at least one of a current flowing through the first conductor and a voltage supplied to the first conductor. The semiconductor substrate is disposed on the semiconductor substrate mounting part so that the detector comes close to the first conductor. |
| US08450781B2 |
Methods and apparatus for measuring analytes using large scale FET arrays
Methods and apparatus relating to very large scale FET arrays for analyte measurements. ChemFET (e.g., ISFET) arrays may be fabricated using conventional CMOS processing techniques based on improved FET pixel and array designs that increase measurement sensitivity and accuracy, and at the same time facilitate significantly small pixel sizes and dense arrays. Improved array control techniques provide for rapid data acquisition from large and dense arrays. Such arrays may be employed to detect a presence and/or concentration changes of various analyte types in a wide variety of chemical and/or biological processes. In one example, chemFET arrays facilitate DNA sequencing techniques based on monitoring changes in hydrogen ion concentration (pH), changes in other analyte concentration, and/or binding events associated with chemical processes relating to DNA synthesis. |
| US08450779B2 |
Graphene based three-dimensional integrated circuit device
A three-dimensional (3D) integrated circuit (IC) structure includes a first layer of graphene formed over a substrate; a first level of one or more active devices formed using the first layer of graphene; an insulating layer formed over the first level of one or more active devices; a second layer of graphene formed over the insulating layer; and a second level of one or more active devices formed using the second layer of graphene, the second level of one or more active devices electrically interconnected with the first level of one or more active devices. |
| US08450771B2 |
Semiconductor device and fabrication method
A semiconductor device comprising a plurality of regions of semiconductor material forming a junction at an interface there-between, the junction including a depletion region having a width which varies spatially in at least one direction along the depletion region. Without limitation, the spatial variation in depletion region width is provided by ionised dopants having a concentration which varies spatially along said at least one direction. Alternatively, or in addition, the spatial variation in depletion region width is achieved by varying the thickness of the region(s) of semiconductor spatially along said at least one direction, for example by creating a plurality of cells within said region(s) devoid of said semiconductor material. A method of fabricating a semiconductor device comprising the step of varying the width of the depletion region spatially there-within in at least one direction along the depletion region. |
| US08450767B2 |
Light-emitting device
This disclosure discloses a light-emitting device. The light-emitting device comprises: a substrate; and a first light-emitting unit comprising a plurality of light-emitting diodes electrically connected to each other on the substrate. A first light-emitting diode in the first light-emitting unit comprises a first semiconductor layer with a first conductivity-type, a second semiconductor layer with a second conductivity-type, and a light-emitting stack formed between the first and second semiconductor layers. The first light-emitting diode in the first light-emitting unit further comprises a first connecting layer on the first semiconductor layer for electrically connecting to a second light-emitting diode in the first light-emitting unit; a second connecting layer, separated from the first connecting layer, formed on the first semiconductor layer; and a third connecting layer on the second semiconductor layer for electrically connecting to a third light-emitting diode in the first light-emitting unit. |
| US08450765B2 |
Light emitting diode chip and method for manufacturing the same
An LED chip includes a transparent substrate and a number of lighting structure units each including a p-type semiconductor and an n-type semiconductor and a recess extending from the p-type semiconductor to the n-type semiconductor. The recess is filled with metal material which covers the surface of the lighting structure units. By filling the recess with metal material, the heat generated by the lighting structure units can rapidly transfer to the metal material. A method for manufacturing the light emitting diode chip is also provided. |
| US08450760B2 |
Semiconductor light emitting device with integrated electronic components
One or more circuit elements such as silicon diodes, resistors, capacitors, and inductors are disposed between the semiconductor structure of a semiconductor light emitting device and the connection layers used to connect the device to an external structure. In some embodiments, the n-contacts to the semiconductor structure are distributed across multiple vias, which are isolated from the p-contacts by one or more dielectric layers. The circuit elements are formed in the contacts-dielectric layers-connection layers stack. |
| US08450756B2 |
Multi-dimensional LED array system and associated methods and structures
A formed, multi-dimensional light-emitting diode (LED) array is disclosed. A substrate is bent into a trapezoidal shape having different sections facing in different directions. Each section has one or more mounted LEDs that emit light with an azimuthally non-circular, monotonic angular distribution. A converter material is placed in an optical path of the LEDs to alter characteristics of the light from the LEDs. |
| US08450754B2 |
Series connected flip chip LEDs with growth substrate removed
LED layers are grown over a sapphire substrate. Individual flip chip LEDs are formed by trenching or masked ion implantation. Modules containing a plurality of LEDs are diced and mounted on a submount wafer. A submount metal pattern or a metal pattern formed on the LEDs connects the LEDs in a module in series. The growth substrate is then removed, such as by laser lift-off. A semi-insulating layer is formed, prior to or after mounting, that mechanically connects the LEDs together. The semi-insulating layer may be formed by ion implantation of a layer between the substrate and the LED layers. PEC etching of the semi-insulating layer, exposed after substrate removal, may be performed by biasing the semi-insulating layer. The submount is then diced to create LED modules containing series-connected LEDs. |
| US08450750B2 |
Silicon carbide semiconductor device and method of manufacturing thereof
A silicon carbide semiconductor device is provided that includes a semiconductor layer made of silicon carbide and having a surface with a trench having a sidewall formed of a crystal plane tilted at an angle in a range of not less than 50° and not more than 65° relative to the {0001} plane, and an insulating film formed to contact the sidewall of the trench. A maximum value of the nitrogen concentration in a region within 10 nm from the interface between the sidewall of the trench and the insulating film is not less than 1×1021 cm−3, and the semiconductor device has a channel direction in a range of ±10° relative to the direction orthogonal to the <−2110> direction in the sidewall of the trench. A method of manufacturing the silicon carbide semiconductor device is also provided. |
| US08450749B2 |
Light emitting element and manufacturing method thereof
A light emitting element includes a substrate, a GaN layer formed on the substrate, a first low refractive index semiconductor layer formed on the GaN layer, and a lighting structure having a high refractive index formed on the first low refractive index semiconductor layer. A second low refractive index semiconductor layer is embedded in the first low refractive index semiconductor layer. The first low refractive index semiconductor layer and the GaN layer exhibit a lattice mismatch therebetween. |
| US08450748B2 |
Solid state light emitting device
A light emitting device comprises: an LED chip array comprising a plurality of LEDs formed on a single die (monolithic chip array) and at least one discrete LED that is separate from the LED chip array connected in series with the LED chip array. In an AC-drivable device the LED chip array is AC-drivable and two or more discrete LEDs are configured to be AC-drivable. The device can further comprise a package in which the LED chip array and discrete LED(s) are mounted. The discrete LEDs are configured such that positive and negative half wave periods of an AC drive voltage are mapped onto oppositely connected LED such that oppositely connected LED chips are alternately operable on a respective half wave period. |
| US08450747B2 |
Light emitting element and method of making same
A light emitting element has a substrate of gallium oxides and a pn-junction formed on the substrate. The substrate is of gallium oxides represented by: (AlXInYGa(1-X-Y))2O3 where 0≦x≦1, 0≦y≦1 and 0≦x+y≦1. The pn-junction has first conductivity type substrate, and GaN system compound semiconductor thin film of second conductivity type opposite to the first conductivity type. |
| US08450744B2 |
High light transmittance in-plane switching liquid crystal display device and method for manufacturing the same
The present disclosure relates to a high light transmittance in-plan switching liquid crystal display device and a method for manufacturing the same. The liquid crystal display device includes: a substrate; a gate line disposed in horizontal direction on the substrate; a gate insulating layer covering the gate line; a data line disposed in vertical direction on the gate insulating layer; an additional insulating layer on the data line having same size and shape with the data line; a passivation layer covering the additional insulating layer; and a common electrode overlapping with the data line on the passivation layer. According to the present disclosure, the failure due to the parasitic capacitance and the load for driving the display panel are reduced and it is possible to make large and high definition display panel. |
| US08450740B2 |
Visible sensing transistor, display panel and manufacturing method thereof
A display device includes an infrared sensing transistor and a visible sensing transistor. The visible sensing transistor includes a semiconductor on a substrate; an ohmic contact on the semiconductor; an etch stopping layer on the ohmic contact; a source electrode and a drain electrode on the etch stopping layer; a passivation layer on the source electrode and the drain electrode; and a gate electrode on the passivation layer. The etch stopping layer may be composed of the same material as the source electrode and the drain electrode. The infrared sensing transistor is similar to the visible sensing transistor except the etch stopping layer is absent. |
| US08450737B2 |
Thin film transistor array panel and method for manufacturing the same
A thin film transistor array panel includes: a substrate; a signal line disposed on the substrate and including copper (Cu); a passivation layer disposed on the signal line and having a contact hole exposing a portion of the signal line; and a conductive layer disposed on the passivation layer and connected to the portion of the signal line through the contact hole, wherein the passivation layer includes an organic passivation layer including an organic insulator that does not include sulfur, and a method of manufacturing the thin film transistor prevents formation of foreign particles on the signal line. |
| US08450734B2 |
Semiconductor device and fabrication method for the same
A semiconductor device includes: a semiconductor element (1) having an internal circuit (17); and electrode pads (22, 22, . . . ) provided for the semiconductor element (1). The electrode pads (22, 22, . . . ) are electrically connected to the internal circuit (17) via control portions (31) for controlling electrical connection between the electrode pads (22, 22, . . . ) and the internal circuit (17). |
| US08450721B2 |
III-nitride power semiconductor device
A III-nitride semiconductor device which includes a barrier body between the gate electrode and the gate dielectric thereof. |
| US08450711B2 |
Semiconductor memristor devices
Various embodiments of the present invention are directed to electronic devices, which combine reconfigurable diode rectifying states with nonvolatile memristive switching. In one aspect, an electronic device (210,230,240) comprises an active region (212) sandwiched between a first electrode (104) and a second electrode (106). The active region includes two or more semiconductor layers and at least one dopant that is capable of being selectively positioned within the active region to control the flow of charge carriers through the device. |
| US08450708B2 |
Arrangement for and method of generating uniform distributed illumination pattern for imaging reader
A substantially uniform distributed illumination pattern of light is generated on and along a symbol to be read by image capture. A solid-state imager is mounted on a tilted printed circuit board in a tilted handle of an ergonomic reader. An imaging lens assembly captures return light over a field of view from the symbol along an imaging axis, and projects the captured return light onto the imager. An illumination light source is mounted on the board for emitting illumination light at an acute angle of inclination relative to the imaging axis. An optical component includes a first lens portion with a polynomial incident surface for intercepting, bending and aligning the emitted illumination light to generate the pattern in a scan direction along the symbol, and a second lens portion with a toroidal or cylindrical aspherical surface for collimating the aligned illumination light to generate the pattern in a transverse direction. |
| US08450703B2 |
Method and system for imaging samples
The invention provides a method for imaging samples, at least comprising: —staining of a sample with a first marker material and with a second marker material; —utilizing the first marker material in a focusing step for focusing an imaging device with respect to the sample; and —utilizing the second marker material and the imaging device, which has been focused in the focusing step, in an imaging step to acquire an image of the sample. The invention also relates to a system for imaging samples. |
| US08450693B2 |
Method and system for fault-tolerant reconstruction of images
A method and system for reconstructing an image of an object. The method includes acquiring an image dataset of an object of interest, identifying valid data and invalid data in the image dataset, determining a time period that includes the valid data, weighting the valid data based on the determined time period, and reconstructing an image of the object using the weighted valid data. |
| US08450691B2 |
Antenna for use in THz transceivers
A high frequency radiation transceiver is presented. The transceiver includes an electrodes' arrangement, including two or more electrodes, where two of said electrodes are accommodated in a spaced-apart relationship defining a cavity for free space propagation of electrons between them. One of said two electrodes is configured to be responsive to an external input optical signal to emit an electron flux towards the other electrode. Said two or more electrodes are configured to define first and second electrode portions, the first portion having at least a region thereof exposed to said electron flux and operable as an antenna feeding port causing an electric current in said second portion and the second portion being configured and operable as an antenna radiating portion. |
| US08450686B1 |
System and method for analyzing thermal images
A thermal imaging system to facilitate analysis of thermal images comprises a portable thermal imager having a communication interface for transfer of data. The imager also has an on-board memory in which image data for corresponding thermal images is stored. A remote computer is operative to communicate with the thermal imager via the communication interface for download of the image data. The computer runs software operative to superimpose at least one marker at a selected location on a thermal image, the marker being saved on the image. |
| US08450683B2 |
Image processing apparatus, an image generating method, and a system
The method disclosed in this specification includes: acquiring a dark-field image produced by capturing an image of a sample with a scanning transmission electron microscope by detecting electrons scattered at angles between a first angle to the optical axis of the scanning transmission electron microscope and a second angle which is larger than the first angle; acquiring a bright-field image captured simultaneously with the dark-field image by detecting electrons scattered within a third angle which is smaller than the first angle; generating a reverse image by reversing lightness and darkness of the dark-field image; and generating a difference image each of whose pixels has a brightness value equal to the difference between the brightness of the corresponding pixel in the reverse image and the brightness of the corresponding pixel in the bright-field image. |
| US08450675B2 |
Image projector having a photo sensor providing measurement values necessary for a color calibration
An image projector for calibrating a color of an image and recalibrating the color of the image is provided. The image projector includes an illuminating optical part having at least three independent light sources; a light modulator for modulating light emitted from the illuminating optical part according to an image signal; an imaging optical part for projecting the light modulated by the light modulator onto the screen to form an image; and a photo sensor disposed in a light path traveling in a different direction than a direction of the light beam to be projected on the screen, receiving a portion of the light beam modulated by the light modulator and providing measurement values necessary for a color calibration. |
| US08450672B2 |
CMOS image sensors formed of logic bipolar transistors
An integrated circuit structure includes an image sensor cell, which further includes a photo transistor configured to sense light and to generate a current from the light. |
| US08450669B2 |
Projectile body equipped with deployable control surfaces
A projectile body intended to evolve in a fluid, such body equipped with at least two radially deployable control surfaces, such control surfaces being accommodated prior to their deployment in housings made in the body, such that the housings communicate at their intersection point, each housing being blocked by sealing device preventing any fluid from the exterior of the projectile body from passing through the housings when the control surfaces are deployed. |
| US08450667B2 |
Flexible, electrically heatable hose
A flexible, electrically heatable hose having an elongated electrical conductor which extends in the helical shape in the hose direction is illustrated and described. The object of providing a flexible, electrically heatable hose in which uniform heating over the hose length is ensured even in the event of major deformation of the hose, is achieved by a hose which has an elongated electrical conductor which extends in a helical shape in the hose direction, wherein the electrical conductor is embedded in a braid. In this case, the braid has first and second strands, wherein the first strands extend in a helical shape in the hose direction in the same winding direction as the electrical conductor, and the second strands extend in a helical shape in the hose direction in the opposite winding direction to the electrical conductor. The pitch angle of the electrical conductor, which extends in a helical shape in the hose direction, of the first strands and of the second strands is in this case between 50° and 80°. |
| US08450666B2 |
High-efficiency water boiling device
A water boiling device includes a heat tank unit received in a machine body, a high frequency induction heater, and a heat pipe unit. The heat tank unit includes first and second heating tanks in communication with each other. Outside water can flow into the first and second heating tanks. The high frequency induction heater includes a heat pipe induction coil and first and second induction coils. The heat pipe unit includes first and second heating pipes. An upper section of each heating pipe is received in one of the heating tanks, and a lower section of each heating pipe extends out of the heating tanks and is inserted into the heat pipe induction coil. The first and second heating tanks will heat up to heat the water in the first and second heating tanks when a high frequency current is passed through the heat pipe induction coil and first and second induction coils. |
| US08450664B2 |
Radio frequency heating fork
An apparatus for heating a target comprises a radio frequency heating fork having two substantially parallel tines, the substantially parallel tines electrically connected at a loop end of the radio frequency heating fork, and the substantially parallel tines separated at an open end of the radio frequency heating fork, and a feed coupler connection, the feed coupler connection connecting a power source across the substantially parallel tines of the radio frequency heating fork. The application of power across the substantially parallel tines of the radio frequency heating fork results in induction heating near the loop end of the radio frequency heating fork, and dielectric heating near the open end of the radio frequency tuning fork. A target can be positioned relative to the heating fork to select the most efficient heating method. The heating fork can provide near fields at low frequencies for deep heat penetration. |
| US08450662B2 |
Sheet heater
A sheet heater structured so that heating wire is fixed to air-passing base material by sewing. This structure can provide a sheet heater that has improved durability of heating wire 2 against the load imposed on the seat during sitting, comfortable feeling of sitting in the seat, and high air-passing capability. |
| US08450661B2 |
Method of manufacturing heat-generating panel, heat-generating panel manufactured by the same, panel-shaped structure, and heat-generating system
A method of manufacturing a heat-generating panel 100 having a configuration in which an electrically-conductive thin layer 120 is provided on at least one surface of a translucent plate 110 and the electrically-conductive thin layer 120 is caused to generate heat by supplying electric power to the same. The method comprises fixing a metal strip 132 onto the electrically-conductive thin layer 120 formed on the plate 110 along each of opposing sides of the plate 110; applying an electrically-conductive paste 134 over each of the metal strips 132 to cover the same; contacting a heat-generating portion 220 of the heating device 200 at edges forming the two sides of the plate 110 where the metal strip 132 is fixed in a state in which a temperature of the heat-generating portion 220 is above a predetermined temperature, the heat-generating portion 220 being longer than at least a full length of the metal strip 132, and curing the electrically-conductive paste 134 to form electrodes having the metal strip and the electrically-conductive paste 134; and connecting a conductor wire 140 electrically to each of the electrodes 130. |
| US08450660B2 |
Electrical connection to printed circuits on plastic panels
A system for effectively defrosting a plastic window includes a transparent plastic panel, a heater grid having a plurality of grid lines that are integrally formed with the plastic panel, and equalizing means for equalizing the electrical current traveling through each of the grid lines. |
| US08450659B2 |
Control system and method for high density universal holding cabinet
A load control system and method of time multiplexing power to a plurality of holding shelves in a food holding cabinet to allow total cabinet power to be limited to electrical distribution capabilities. This method allows for individual shelf heaters to be utilized normally to maintain food temperatures during normal use and modulates power when multiple shelves demand heating that would normally exceed branch circuit capabilities thus tripping the breaker. The system monitors temperature of each shelf and based upon demand executes a logical demand schedule for each shelf heater output (time multiplexing or modulating AC power to each) such that total system demand does not exceed available power to the system. |
| US08450657B2 |
Temperature controlled substrate holder having erosion resistant insulating layer for a substrate processing system
A substrate holder for supporting a substrate in a processing system includes a temperature controlled support base having a first temperature, a substrate support opposing the temperature controlled support base and configured to support the substrate, and one or more heating elements coupled to the substrate support and configured to heat the substrate support to a second temperature above the first temperature. An erosion resistant thermal insulator disposed between the temperature controlled support base and the substrate support, wherein the erosion resistant thermal insulator includes a material composition configured to resist halogen-containing gas corrosion. |
| US08450656B2 |
Cooking apparatus with protective shield
A cooking apparatus is provided that comprises a housing structure, an internal heating source, an exit, a control panel, and a protective shield. The internal heating source is located within the housing structure. The exit is located at an exterior portion of the housing structure where the exit is configured to transport heat emissions from the internal heating source. The control panel is located above the exit. The protective shield is coupled to the housing structure where the protective shield is configured to deflect the heat emissions in a direction away from the control panel. |
| US08450654B2 |
Method and apparatus for transferring heat to a surface
A heating apparatus is disclosed having a first region containing a heat source and a second region that is separate from and thermally coupled with the first region via an interface element. The heating apparatus also includes a convection deflector disposed within the interior of the first region to direct convective heat towards the interface element. The deflector can have a geometric shaped cross-section with a first side oriented towards the heat source and an opposing second side oriented away from the heat source. The first and second sides are adapted to reflect radiant and convective heat. |
| US08450652B2 |
Apparatus for thermally treating semiconductor substrates
An apparatus for thermally treating semiconductor substrates has a processing space which is defined by first walls substantially parallel to the semiconductor substrate and a second side wall connected to the first walls; a substrate holding device disposed in the processing space which defines a substrate retaining region for a semiconductor substrate in the processing space; and heating elements which are disposed in the processing space between at least one of the first walls and the substrate retaining region. The thermal gradient between the edge of the semiconductor substrate and the center of the semiconductor substrate can be effectively compensated by providing a shutter between the substrate retaining region and the heating elements which limits the radiation emitted in the processing space by the heating elements in the direction of the substrate retaining region. |
| US08450648B2 |
Closed-end welding electrode holder
Disclosed is an electrode holder to be used in welding that has a closed-end structure that removes the gripping problems inherent with open-jawed “tong-type” electrode holders. The electrode holder contains a grooved hole that allows tighter clamping onto an electrode, easing the process of bending an electrode by hand. The electrode holder also has a comfortable handle covered by a sleeve that keeps the electrode holder cool to the touch, allowing a welding lead to be fed through the sleeve and connected to the electrode holder without removing the handle of the electrode holder. |
| US08450645B2 |
Flexible guide device for a welding rod
A flexible guide device for a welding wire, formed by a plurality of individual elements which are connected to each other in an articulated manner, characterized in that the individual elements are adapted to swivel in relation to each other in any direction. |
| US08450642B2 |
Operating head, particularly for a laser machine
A management method for a redundant axis laser machine of the type comprising a movable structure controlled by actuators and operated according to a first set of variables (X, Y, Z, A) and an operating head operated according to a second set of said variables (W, B, C), said first set of variables (X, Y, Z, A) and second set of variables (W, B, C) identifying one or more redundant variables. Such method envisions a filtering allowing the work trajectory to be decomposed into defined trajectories for a first low dynamic system made up of said first set of variables (X, Y, Z, A) and a second high dynamic system made up of said second set of said variables (W, B, C), respectively. |
| US08450637B2 |
Apparatus for automated application of hardfacing material to drill bits
A system and method for the automated or “robotic” application of hardfacing to a surface of a drill bit. |
| US08450636B2 |
Template devices for cutting and marking sheet metal
The embodiments disclosed herein provide a device suitable for assisting cutting and/or marking metal, such as sheet metal, comprising a template member, and optionally, an attachment component such as a magnetic component. The template member may further comprises a solid substrate material or a solid component and an outer edge and/or a window component. The device is configured so that the magnetic component allows the template member to be affixed to a metal object so that the outer edge and/or the window component may be used as a guide for cutting the metal, and allows the component to be removed from the metal when it is no longer needed for cutting. |
| US08450633B2 |
Method and system for automated selection of a set of candidate weld guns including orientations of the selected guns
The disclosure relates to the automatic selection of a set of candidate weld guns and candidate orientations for the weld guns from a library of existing weld guns. Minimum values for weld points and test orientations are calculated. The calculated minimum values are added to the library. As each point is added to the library, the set of weld guns that are candidates for the weld point at the tested orientation may be efficiently retrieved, and a matrix of candidate weld guns and orientations is produced. |
| US08450631B2 |
Preserving apparatus for welded joint portion and preserving method therefor
A preserving apparatus for preserving welded joint portions 7, 8 by deposit welding on the inner surface of the welded joint portions 7, 8, in which a nozzle 4 and a pipe 5 supported under water are joined, the apparatus having: a seal member 9 that is disposed in front and behind the welded joint portions 7, 8 to be deposit welded within the nozzle 4 and pipe 5, and serves to demarcate and form a closed operation area A within the nozzle 4 and pipe 5; water drainage means 12 for draining the inside of the operation area A demarcated and formed by the seal member 9 and obtaining a gas atmosphere therein; and welding means 13 for deposit welding on the inner surface of the welded joint portions 7, 8 within the operation area A in which the gas atmosphere has been created. |
| US08450625B2 |
Switch device and circuit including switch device
According to one embodiment, a switch device includes a first switching unit provided on a base substance. The first switching unit includes a first supporting electrode, a first beam, a first contact point electrode, a first floating conductive layer and a first control electrode. The first supporting electrode is fixed to the base. The first beam includes a first holding part and a first movable part. The first holding part is fixed to the base. The first movable part has one end connected to the first holding part. The first contact point electrode is fixed to the base and faces the first movable part. The first floating conductive layer is fixed to the first movable part via a first insulating part and stores a charge. The first control electrode is fixed to the base and faces the first floating conductive layer. |
| US08450621B2 |
Wiring board and process for fabricating the same
A process for fabricating a wiring board is provided. In the process, a wiring carrying substrate including a carry substrate and a wiring layer is formed. Next, at least one blind via is formed in the wiring carrying substrate. Next, the wiring carrying substrate is laminated to another wiring carrying substrate via an insulation layer. The insulation layer is disposed between the wiring layers of the wiring carrying substrates and full fills the blind via. Next, parts of the carry substrates are removed to expose the insulation layer in the blind via. Next, a conductive pillar connected between the wiring layers is formed. Next, the rest carry substrates are removed. |
| US08450620B2 |
Electronic assembly and method for manufacturing same
An electronic assembly is provided, which includes a circuit board, in which a solder pad is disposed at a position close to an end edge on at least one surface of the circuit board, and a depression is disposed between the solder pad and the end edge; and, an electronic element, including an insulating body and a plurality of terminals fixed to the insulating body, in which each of the terminals has a protruding portion and a soldering portion respectively corresponding to the depression and the solder pad. A method for manufacturing the electronic assembly is also provided. |
| US08450617B2 |
Multilayer wiring substrate
A multilayer wiring substrate has a main face and a back face, and a configuration in which a plurality of resin insulation layers and a plurality of conductor layers are laminated. A plurality of conductor layers provided on the side toward the back face in relation to a resin insulation layer serving as a center layer are formed such that the average of their area ratios becomes greater than the average of area ratios of a plurality of conductor layers provided on the side toward the main face in relation to the center layer. A plurality of resin insulation layers provided on the side toward the back face are formed such that the average of their thicknesses becomes greater than the average of thicknesses of a plurality of resin insulation layers provided on the side toward the main face. |
| US08450613B2 |
Suspension board with circuit and production method thereof
A suspension board with circuit includes a metal supporting board, an insulating base layer formed on the metal supporting board, a conductive pattern formed on the insulating base layer, an insulating cover layer formed on the insulating base layer so as to cover the conductive pattern, and an insertion portion to be inserted into an E-block. A thickness of the insulating cover layer in the insertion portion is larger than a thickness of the insulating cover layer in a portion other than the insertion portion. |
| US08450612B2 |
Anti-theft marking for copper clad steel
A copper clad steel (CCS) wire is at least partially covered on its exterior to visibly distinguish the CCS wire from a pure/solid copper wire. A coating, such as tin, zinc or paint, covers at least portions of the CCS wire. The coating may be applied in strips, rings or a helix to identify the CCS wire as not be formed of solid copper. In the instance of a stranded CCS wire, one or more of the outer strands may be partially or entirely coated to give the overall stranded CCS wire a distinguishing outer structure. |
| US08450608B2 |
Electrical junction box
An object of the present invention is to provide an electrical junction box having a new structure that can restrain noises from leaking through a support member and can advantageously secure a fixing strength onto the support member in the electrical junction box fixed on a support member by inserting an arm section projecting from a box main body into an attaching aperture in the support member. An arm section is loosely inserted into a support member. The arm section is provided on its extending distal end with an engaging portion that is pushed through an attaching aperture in the support member into an interior of the support member to be engaged with a rear surface of the support member. The arm section is integrally provided with a first wall portion opposed through the support member to the engaging portion. The first wall portion covers the attaching aperture. |
| US08450607B2 |
Electronic device housing
An electronic device housing is provided. The electronic device housing includes a substrate, a metallic-appearing coating formed on the substrate, and a top coating formed on the metallic-appearing coating. The top coating contains nano-titanium dioxide powder and fluorocarbon resin. The electronic device housing has self-cleaning and anti-fingerprint properties. |
| US08450605B2 |
Photoelectric conversion device and method for making the same
The present disclosure relates to a method for making a conjugated polymer. In the method, polyacrylonitrile, a solvent, and a catalyst are provided. The polyacrylonitrile is dissolved in the solvent to form a polyacrylonitrile solution. The catalyst is uniformly dispersed into the polyacrylonitrile solution. The polyacrylonitrile solution with the catalyst is heated to induce a cyclizing reaction of the polyacrylonitrile, thereby forming a conjugated polymer solution with the conjugated polymer dissolved therein. |
| US08450602B2 |
Solar cell and manufacturing method thereof
A solar cell comprises a substrate that includes a photoelectric conversion function, a first electrode provided on one surface of the substrate, a second electrode provided on other surface of the substrate, and a third electrode provided on the other surface of the substrate with its periphery overlapping the second electrode in the in-plane direction of the substrate for extracting an electric power from the second electrode. The thickness of the second electrode is larger than that of the third electrode, and the difference between the thickness of the second electrode and that of the third electrode is within a range from equal to or more than 10 micrometers to equal to or less than 30 micrometers. Thereby, in the solar cell, an electrode separation (alloy separation) can be effectively prevented. |
| US08450601B2 |
Integrated photovoltaic modular panel
An integrated photovoltaic modular panel for a curtain wall glass is used for the field of building integrated photovoltaic. The invention provides the standardized photovoltaic units, so that the electrodes in a photovoltaic panel main body can be internally parallel connected. The connector may be a metal piece of stamping or casting, which has a plug 1 and a socket 2 on both ends, a waist b in the middle, an inward concave straight strip 4 on both sides of the waist, an electrode plug-in socket 3 in the waist for firmly clamping solar cell, a plastic injection molding crust 5 for fixing and securing the connector, forming a module. It can combine with different kinds of glass, forming different kinds of photovoltaic curtain wall glass. The solar cell here may be an amorphous silicon solar cell. |
| US08450595B2 |
Non-aqueous electrolyte battery and method for producing the same
A non-aqueous electrolyte battery includes a battery element, a film-form casing member, and a resin protective layer. The battery element includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The film-form casing member contains the battery element and an electrolyte in an enclosed space thereof. The resin protective layer is formed along the surface of the film-form casing member and has a substantially uniform thickness. |
| US08450593B2 |
Stringed instrument with active string termination motion control
A system for controlling for at least one string of a musical instrument by selectively exciting or damping vibration of the string is provided. The system includes at least one transducer configured to sense a lateral vibration of the string and/or to apply an actuating force to the string. A controller is configured to determine an actuating signal for driving the actuator to apply a longitudinal actuating force to the string at a termination point of the string. The longitudinal actuating force are operable to modulate a tension of the string that increases and/or damps the lateral vibration and/or selected harmonics thereof. |
| US08450590B2 |
Reproducing apparatus, recording medium, reproducing method, and reproducing program
Disclosed herein is a reproducing apparatus for continuously reading and reproducing a plurality of content data items from a content data storage unit which stores the plurality of content data items and a plurality of specific position information items representative of specific positions each corresponding to a specific portion of each of the content data items. The reproducing apparatus includes: an input unit; a reproduction unit; and a control unit. |
| US08450589B2 |
Nonvolatile storage module, access module, musical sound data file generation module and musical sound generation system
Musical sound data groups are recorded in nonvolatile memory banks by multiplexing the data without being compressed. A data reader reads the musical sound data in parallel from the plurality of nonvolatile memory banks according to reading instructions from an access module. In a musical sound generation system that cannot expect which pitch of the musical sound data is instructed to be read, since a plurality of pieces of data can be read in parallel from the plurality of nonvolatile memory banks, a sound production delay time can fall within an allowable time. Thus, by using a currently dominant large-capacity multi level NAND flash memory as a memory for the musical sound data, a high sound quality and compact musical sound generation system can be realized. |
| US08450580B1 |
Maize variety inbred PH11YK
A novel maize variety designated PH11YK and seed, plants and plant parts thereof. Methods for producing a maize plant that comprise crossing maize variety PH11YK with another maize plant. Methods for producing a maize plant containing in its genetic material one or more traits introgressed into PH11YK through backcross conversion and/or transformation, and to the maize seed, plant and plant part produced thereby. Hybrid maize seed, plant or plant part produced by crossing the variety PH11YK or a locus conversion of PH11YK with another maize variety. |
| US08450577B1 |
Soybean cultivar S110145
A soybean cultivar designated S110145 is disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of soybean cultivar S110145, to the plants of soybean cultivar S110145, to the plant parts of soybean cultivar S110145, and to methods for producing progeny of soybean cultivar S110145. The invention also relates to methods for producing a soybean plant containing in its genetic material one or more transgenes and to the transgenic soybean plants and plant parts produced by those methods. The invention also relates to soybean cultivars or breeding cultivars, and plant parts derived from soybean cultivar S110145. The invention also relates to methods for producing other soybean cultivars, lines, or plant parts derived from soybean cultivar S110145, and to the soybean plants, varieties, and their parts derived from use of those methods. The invention further relates to hybrid soybean seeds, plants, and plant parts produced by crossing cultivar S110145 with another soybean cultivar. |
| US08450574B1 |
Soybean cultivar 13350612
A soybean cultivar designated 13350612 is disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of soybean cultivar 13350612, to the plants of soybean cultivar 13350612, to the plant parts of soybean cultivar 13350612, and to methods for producing progeny of soybean cultivar 13350612. The invention also relates to methods for producing a soybean plant containing in its genetic material one or more transgenes and to the transgenic soybean plants and plant parts produced by those methods. The invention also relates to soybean cultivars or breeding cultivars, and plant parts derived from soybean cultivar 13350612. The invention also relates to methods for producing other soybean cultivars, lines, or plant parts derived from soybean cultivar 13350612, and to the soybean plants, varieties, and their parts derived from use of those methods. The invention further relates to hybrid soybean seeds, plants, and plant parts produced by crossing cultivar 13350612 with another soybean cultivar. |
| US08450571B1 |
Soybean variety XBP35007
A novel soybean variety, designated XBP35007 is provided. Also provided are the seeds of soybean variety XBP35007, cells from soybean variety XBP35007, plants of soybean XBP35007, and plant parts of soybean variety XBP35007. Methods provided include producing a soybean plant by crossing soybean variety XBP35007 with another soybean plant, methods for introgressing a transgenic trait, a mutant trait, and/or a native trait into soybean variety XBP35007, methods for producing other soybean varieties or plant parts derived from soybean variety XBP35007, and methods of characterizing soybean variety XBP35007. Soybean seed, cells, plants, germplasm, breeding lines, varieties, and plant parts produced by these methods and/or derived from soybean variety XBP35007 are further provided. |
| US08450570B2 |
Soybean variety A1023833
The invention relates to the soybean variety designated A1023833. Provided by the invention are the seeds, plants and derivatives of the soybean variety A1023833. Also provided by the invention are tissue cultures of the soybean variety A1023833 and the plants regenerated therefrom. Still further provided by the invention are methods for producing soybean plants by crossing the soybean variety A1023833 with itself or another soybean variety and plants produced by such methods. |
| US08450566B2 |
Soybean variety A1023611
The invention relates to the soybean variety designated A1023611. Provided by the invention are the seeds, plants and derivatives of the soybean variety A1023611. Also provided by the invention are tissue cultures of the soybean variety A1023611 and the plants regenerated therefrom. Still further provided by the invention are methods for producing soybean plants by crossing the soybean variety A1023611 with itself or another soybean variety and plants produced by such methods. |
| US08450565B2 |
Soybean cultivar 98179010
A soybean cultivar designated 98179010 is disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of soybean cultivar 98179010, to the plants of soybean 98179010, to plant parts of soybean cultivar 98179010, and to methods for producing a soybean plant produced by crossing soybean cultivar 98179010 with itself or with another soybean variety. The invention also relates to methods for producing a soybean plant containing in its genetic material one or more transgenes and to the transgenic soybean plants and plant parts produced by those methods. This invention also relates to soybean cultivars, or breeding cultivars, and plant parts derived from soybean variety 98179010, to methods for producing other soybean cultivars, lines or plant parts derived from soybean cultivar 98179010, and to the soybean plants, varieties, and their parts derived from use of those methods. The invention further relates to hybrid soybean seeds, plants, and plant parts produced by crossing the cultivar 98179010 with another soybean cultivar. |
| US08450562B2 |
Stress resistant plants
Stress tolerance in plants and plant cells is achieved by using nucleotide sequences encoding enzymes involved in the NAD salvage synthesis pathway and/or the NAD de novo synthesis pathway from fungal or yeast like organisms other than Saccharomyces cereviseae, e.g., for overexpression in plants. |
| US08450549B2 |
Fuel compositions comprising isoprene derivatives
The invention provides for methods, compositions and systems using bioisoprene derived from renewable carbon for production of a variety of hydrocarbon fuels and fuel additives. |
| US08450548B2 |
Process for converting aliphatic oxygenates to aromatics
The invention relates to a process for converting a feed stream comprising oxygenated lower aliphatic hydrocarbon compounds, especially methanol, to a product stream comprising aromatic hydrocarbons, especially BTX, which process comprises a step of contacting said feed with a catalyst composition La-M/zeolite, which consists essentially of from 0.0001 to 20 mass % (based on total catalyst composition) of lanthanum; from 0.0001 to 20 mass % of at least one element M selected from the group consisting of molybdenum, copper, cerium and caesium; zeolite in hydrogen form; and optionally a binder. |
| US08450547B2 |
Process for cooling the stream leaving an ethylbenzene dehydrogenation reactor
The present invention is a process for the production of styrene monomer from ethylbenzene comprising the steps of: a) catalytically dehydrogenating said ethylbenzene in the presence of steam thereby catalytically producing a dehydrogenation effluent gas containing essentially unreacted ethylbenzene, styrene monomer, hydrogen, steam and divinylbenzene; b) quenching said effluent gas with an aqueous reflux in at least a quenching column to cool said effluent gas, and thereby obtaining a gas at the overhead and in the bottom a liquid stream warmer than the aqueous reflux; c) condensing said overhead gas thereby producing a liquid organic phase, an aqueous phase and a gaseous phase; d) using a portion or the whole of said aqueous phase of step c) as reflux for said step b) of quenching; e) sending to a decanter the liquid stream obtained at step b) to recover an aqueous phase and an organic phase. |
| US08450542B2 |
Integrated process for converting carbohydrates to hydrocarbons
An integrated process for the conversion of carbohydrate containing materials to gasoline boiling range hydrocarbons is disclosed. A carbohydrate containing material may be converted to a hydrogenated carbohydrate containing material with a bi-functional catalyst. The hydrogenated carbohydrate containing material may be reacted in the presence of another catalyst to form a reaction product containing non-aromatic and aromatic gasoline boiling range hydrocarbons. |
| US08450539B2 |
High shear process for producing micronized waxes
A method and system for producing dispersed waxes, including a high shear mechanical device. In one embodiment, the method comprises forming a dispersion of wax globules in a carrier liquid in a high shear device prior to implementation in a waxy product. In another instance the system for producing waxy products comprises a high shear device for dispersing wax in a carrier liquid. |
| US08450538B2 |
Hydrocarbon composition
A hydrocarbon composition is described herein. The hydrocarbon composition has a relatively low viscosity and a relatively low oxygen content while having a relatively high vanadium, nickel, and iron metals content, and a relatively high distillate, residue, and micro-carbon residue content. |
| US08450537B2 |
Processes for the production of fluoropropanes and halopropenes
A process is disclosed for making CF3CH2CHF2, CF3CH═CHF, and/or CF3CH═CHCl. This process involves reacting at least one starting material selected from the group consisting of halopropenes of the formula CX3CH═CH2 and halopropenes of the formula CX2═CHCH2X, wherein each X is independently F or Cl, with HF and Cl2 in a reaction zone to produce a product mixture comprising HF, HCl, CF3CH2CHF2, CF3CH═CHF and CF3CH═CHCl; and recovering the CF3CH2CHF2, CF3CH═CHF, and/or CF3CH═CHCl from the product mixture. The molar ratio of HF to the total amount of starting materials fed to the reaction zone is at least stoichiometric, and the molar ratio of Cl2 to total amount of starting material fed to the reaction zone is 2:1 or less. |
| US08450536B2 |
Methods of higher alcohol synthesis
Systems, catalysts, and methods are provided for transforming carbon based material into synthetic mixed alcohol fuel. |
| US08450532B2 |
Compounds useful in the preparation of tryptophan hydroxylase inhibitors
Intermediates and synthetic processes for the preparation of substituted phenylalanine-based compounds (e.g., of Formula I) are disclosed: |
| US08450524B2 |
Process for producing carboxylic acid anhydrides
The present invention relates to a process for producing carboxylic acid anhydrides by the carbonylation reaction of a carboxylic acid ester, derived from an alcohol and a carboxylic acid, with carbon monoxide containing a small amount of hydrogen in a liquid reaction medium in the presence of a Group VIII B catalyst to produce a carboxylic acid anhydride. The liquid reaction medium comprises the Group VIII B catalyst, an organic halide, the carboxylic acid ester, an alkali metal salt, the carboxylic acid anhydride, the carboxylic acid, N-acetylimidazole as a protecting agent, and ethylidene diacetate (EDA) as an organic promoter. By making use of the protecting agent of N-acetylimidazole, metal ions in the reactor can be prevented from reacting with EDA so as to reduce the formation of hardly-soluble tars during the reaction. Also, the EDA organic promoter is kept at a certain content in the system to promote the overall carbonylation reaction rate. |
| US08450522B2 |
Conformationally constrained carboxylic acid derivatives useful for treating metabolic disorders
The present invention provides compounds useful, for example, for treating metabolic disorders in a subject. Such compounds have the general formula I or the general formula III: where the definitions of the variables are provided herein. The present invention also provides compositions that include, and methods for using, the compounds in preparing medicaments and for treating metabolic disorders such as, for example, type II diabetes. |