| Document | Document Title |
|---|---|
| US08437136B2 |
Thermal interface material and method of using the same and electronic assembly having the same
An electronic assembly includes a heat source having a maximum operating temperature, a heat dissipating device, a thermal interface material sandwiched between the heat source and the heat dissipating device. The thermal interface material includes a base and a plurality of first thermally conductive particles dispersed in the base. The first thermally conductive particles have a size monotonically changing from a first size less than 100 nanometers and a first melting temperature below the maximum operating temperature, to a second size larger than 100 nanometers and a second melting temperature above the maximum operating temperature when the heat source operates at a temperature above the first melting temperature and at or below the maximum operating temperature. |
| US08437134B2 |
Housing structure for vehicle electronic control unit
A housing structure for a vehicle electronic control unit (“ECU”) includes an ECU case, a mounting bracket, and a seal ring. The ECU case is for housing a vehicle ECU and includes a ventilation opening. The mounting bracket connects with the ECU case and is configured to connect with an associated vehicle frame for mounting the ECU case to the associated vehicle frame. The seal ring surrounds the ventilation opening and seals against both the ECU case and the mounting bracket. A method for mounting an electronic control unit (“ECU”) case to a vehicle frame is also disclosed. |
| US08437133B2 |
Latching module mounting system
An information handling system (IHS) chassis defines a component housing. An IHS component is located in the component housing. The IHS component defines a module channel, a module chassis locating slot adjacent the module channel, and a pair of module chassis securing apertures adjacent the module channel. The IHS component includes a module chassis retaining surface that is spaced apart from the module channel. A module chassis is located in the module channel, includes a retaining wall that engages the module chassis retaining surface and a locating member that extends into the module chassis locating slot, and defines a module housing. The module chassis is secured to the component through the pair of module chassis securing apertures. A latching module is located in the module housing and secured to the module chassis. The latching module engages the IHS chassis to resist removal of the IHS component from the component housing. |
| US08437131B2 |
Electronic device housing and manufacturing method thereof
An electronic device housing includes a bottom housing, a support frame, and a plastic side frame. The support frame is fixed on the bottom housing. The support frame defines a positioning groove in an edge. The plastic side frame is partially embedded in the positioning groove of the support frame. A method of manufacturing an electronic device housing is also provided. |
| US08437121B2 |
Portable electronic device capable of accepting lanyard strap
A portable electronic device includes a shell, an actuation member, a latching member, and a transmission member. The shell defines a first hole and a second hole which are linearly arranged with the first hole. The actuation member is received in the first hole and can be operated to move in the first hole. The latching member is partially received in the second hole and can move between a first position in which the latching member is spaced from a boundary of the second hole to allow a lanyard strap to be sleeved on the latching member and a second position in which the latching member contacts the boundary of the second hole to lock the lanyard strap to the shell. The transmission member is driven by the actuation member to move the latching member between the first position and the second position. |
| US08437119B2 |
Electrical junction box
To provide an electrical junction box that can maintain a stable assembly condition between a box main body and a cover member, even if locking mechanisms are not provided on a whole periphery of the electrical junction box. An electrical junction box includes a box main body and a cover member. One of the box main body and the cover member is provided on at least a single of side portions of the one peripheral wall with a locking mechanism. An elastic rib that protrudes from an inner peripheral surface of the one peripheral wall at one of the side portions is pressed onto a fitting projection piece. A side portion is provided with a support wall that is opposed to and spaced apart from the inner peripheral surface. The fitting projection piece is held in a space between the inner peripheral surface and the support wall. |
| US08437117B2 |
Solid electrolytic capacitor with improved stress resistance in the vicinity of the anode lead and the anode terminal
A solid electrolytic capacitor includes at least one capacitor element in which the other end of an anode lead extends beyond an exposed portion of an electrolyte layer exposed from a cathode layer. The solid electrolytic capacitor further includes: an anode terminal connected to the other end of the anode lead, a cathode terminal connected to the cathode layer, a resin layer and a resin outer package covering the capacitor element and the resin layer. The resin layer covering the exposed portion of the electrolyte layer, the other end of the anode lead, and a connecting part between the other end of the anode lead and the anode terminal. The resin layer includes a first resin layer covering the exposed portion and a second resin layer covering the first resin layer, the first resin layer being softer than the second resin layer. |
| US08437109B1 |
Power clamping circuit with temperature compensation
A power clamping circuit with temperature compensation is disclosed. The power clamping circuit, for a system voltage, includes a first diode, a resistor with a positive temperature coefficient, a second diode, a comparator including a negative input terminal coupled to an anode of the first diode and a positive input terminal coupled to the resistor with the positive temperature coefficient, a transistor including a gate coupled to an output terminal of the comparator, a drain coupled to the system voltage and a source coupled to the ground, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, and a fifth resistor. |
| US08437104B2 |
Read/write apparatus and method for a magnetic storage medium comprised of magnetic nanoparticles contained within nanotubes
A magnetic storage medium is formed of magnetic nanoparticles that are encapsulated within nanotubes (e.g., carbon nanotubes). |
| US08437097B2 |
Optical filter
An optical filter is provided having an optical plate which has a chamfered section formed on an outer peripheral edge section of one principle surface of the optical plate and has isotropy with respect to wet-etching. The chamfered section is of an arc shape which is cross-sectionally concave in an inward direction of the optical plate. |
| US08437096B2 |
Optical device and optical instrument
An optical device comprises: a first holding frame holding an optical system; a second holding frame holding the first holding frame and having a groove provided on a face opposing the first holding frame; an elastic member provided between the first holding frame and the second holding frame; a position determining portion capable of determining a position of the first holding frame towards the elastic member, and provided to sandwich, with the elastic member, the first holding frame; a fixing portion is capable of fixing the first holding frame towards the position determining portion so that the first holding frame is fixed, and which is provided to sandwich, with the position determining portion, the first holding frame; and a protruding portion which has a first end fixed to the first holding frame, and another end which differs from the first end and which is inserted into the groove. |
| US08437094B2 |
Lens barrel with optical filter and optical apparatus having the same
A lens barrel includes a lens holding member that holds a lens, a positioning guide bar, a rotation blocking guide bar, an optical filter holding member that holds an optical filter, an optical filter supporting member that is disposed at a side of the lens holding member with reference to the optical filter holding member and that supports the optical filter holding member, and an image pickup element holding member that is disposed at a side of an image pickup element with reference to the optical filter holding member and that has a positioning guide bar holding portion that holds the positioning guide bar. The optical filter supporting member includes a rotation blocking guide bar holding portion that holds the rotation blocking guide bar, and the rotation blocking guide bar holding portion is positioned in an insertion and removal range of the optical filter holding member. |
| US08437090B2 |
Zoom lens and image pickup apparatus including the same
A zoom lens includes, from an object side to an image side, first to fifth lens units having positive, negative, positive, negative, and positive refractive powers. A distance between the first and second lens units is longer, a distance between the second and third lens units is shorter, and a distance between the fourth and fifth lens units is longer at a telephoto end than at a wide angle end, and a distance between the third and fourth lens units differs between the telephoto end and the wide angle end. Focal lengths of the first and fourth lens units and the entire zoom lens at the wide angle end, a moving amount of the first lens unit during zooming, and a distance from a lens surface closest to the object side in the first lens unit to an image plane at the wide angle end are set properly. |
| US08437088B2 |
Zoom lens, optical apparatus, and method for forming an image of an object
In a zoom lens having a plurality of lens groups which are disposed in that order from an object, a first lens group that is disposed to closest to the object among the plurality of lens groups has positive refractive power and comprises a light path bending element which bends the path of light and a plurality of lens components which are disposed closer to the object than the light path bending element; and, where the distance on the optical axis from the surface closest to the object in the first lens group to the surface closest to the object in the light path bending element is L1 and the distance on the optical axis of the light path bending element is Lp, the conditional expression L1/Lp<1.0 is satisfied. |
| US08437084B2 |
Optical low-pass filter
On the light-entering surface side of a base material 10, a coating layer 11 in which a high-refractive layer and a low-refractive layer are sequentially disposed alternately on one on the other is provided for blocking infrared radiation. One of the high-refractive layers is configured by an ITO film 11a so that the conductivity is increased on the surface of the coating layer. Herein, in view of preventing, to a further extent, the attachment of dirt and dust by providing the conductivity to the surface of the coating layer, it is desirable if the outermost high-refractive layer is made of a transparent conductive material. Moreover, it is desirable if the total layer thickness is 140 nm or smaller for the refractive layers formed outside of the high-refractive layer made of the transparent conductive material. |
| US08437083B2 |
Optical element, optical system including the optical element, and optical apparatus including the optical system
An optical element includes a substrate, and an antireflection film provided on a surface of the substrate. The antireflection film is a graded layer having a refractive index that is progressively decreased from the substrate side towards an outer surface of the antireflection film. The graded layer has a reflectivity characteristic occupying ⅔ of a usable wavelength range around the center of the usable wavelength range. Reflectivity of the graded layer at a maximum value of the reflectivity characteristic is a peak value equal to or less than 0.4% The graded layer does not have a maximal value not corresponding to the peak value. At least one of reflectivities at both ends of the usable wavelength range is equal to or less than half the reflectivity at the peak value. |
| US08437082B2 |
Orthogonal scattering features for solar array
A leaky travelling wave array of optical elements provide a solar wavelength rectenna. |
| US08437067B2 |
Electrochemical display element
Provided is an electrochemical display element composed of a simple member structure, capable of driving at low voltage, and exhibiting high display contrast and white display reflectance, and further to provide the electrochemical display element exhibiting reduced variation in reflectance during repetitive driving even after storage for a long duration. Disclosed is an electrochemical display element possessing an N-oxyl derivative represented by the following Formula (1), an electrolyte and a pair of facing electrodes: wherein each of R1, R2, R3 and R4 independently represents an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, an aromatic hydrocarbon group or a heterocyclic group, which may have a hydrogen atom or a substituent; Z1 represents a group of atoms having 2 or 3 atoms to form a cyclic structure; and Z1 may also have a substituent. |
| US08437065B2 |
Scanning platform having asymmetric flexures
Briefly, in accordance with one or more embodiments, a scanning platform to scan a beam as a projected image comprises a frame and a scanning mirror supported by a flexure coupled to the frame of the scanning platform. The flexure has an asymmetric structure comprising a longer flexure arm and a shorter flexure arm to locate the scanning mirror at a position offset from a center of the frame. The resonant frequency of oscillation of the scanning mirror may be maintained or otherwise determined by selecting an appropriate cross-sectional area of the longer flexure arm or the shorter flexure arm, or combinations thereof. |
| US08437064B2 |
Optical scanning apparatus
An optical scanning apparatus includes a light source which emits an optical beam, a deflection scanning unit, and a control unit. The deflection scanning unit includes a rotating polygonal mirror which deflection-scans the optical beam emitted from the light source so that the optical beam will scan an object to be scanned, and a drive unit which rotationally drives the rotating polygonal mirror. The control unit controls the rotational speed of the rotating polygonal mirror by accelerating or decelerating the drive unit at a predetermined time during one rotation of the rotating polygonal mirror. The predetermined time is a time when a deviation in length of a scanning line formed by each reflecting surface of the rotating polygonal mirror becomes relatively small. |
| US08437058B2 |
Computer generated hologram and exposure apparatus to suppress an illumination variation and loss in light
A present invention provides a computer generated hologram which forms a light intensity distribution on a predetermined plane by giving a phase distribution to a wavefront of incident light, the hologram including a first anisotropic cell and second anisotropic cell configured to change a polarization state of the incident light, and a first isotropic cell and second isotropic cell configured not to change the polarization state of the incident light, wherein a direction of an optic axis of the first anisotropic cell is different from a direction of an optic axis of the second anisotropic cell, and a thickness of the first isotropic cell is different from a thickness of the second isotropic cell. |
| US08437055B2 |
Image processing apparatus, image processing method, image processing system, and computer-readable medium
An image processing apparatus includes a first storage unit, a second storage unit, a conversion unit and a determination unit. The first storage unit stores color conversion information for converting a name of a spot color other than process colors into a combination of the process colors. The second storage unit stores additional print material information regarding an additional print material. The additional print material information is input by a user for the name of the spot color. The conversion unit converts the name of the spot color, which is included in image data, into the combination of the process colors based on the color conversion information. The determination unit determines, for the name of the spot color included in the image data, a use amount of the additional print material, based on the additional print material information. |
| US08437047B2 |
Image processing apparatus, control method, and program
An image processing apparatus which reads an original to generate monochrome image data, comprises a determination unit configured to determine which of a first instruction to read the original using RGB sensors or a second instruction to read the original using a BW sensor is input; a reading unit configured to read the original using the RGB sensors when the determination unit determined that the first instruction is input, and read the original using the BW sensor when the determination unit determined that the second instruction is input; and a generation unit configured to generate monochrome image data by reading the original by the reading unit using the respective sensors. |
| US08437042B2 |
Image forming system
According to aspects of the invention, there is provided an image forming system which is configured such that a user is allowed to set color adjustment parameters, and information image data representing the contents of the color adjustment parameters set by the user is generated. Then, the information image data is combined with main image data to generate combined image data. An image is printed based on the combined image data with the color being adjusted in accordance with the color adjustment parameters set by the setting unit. |
| US08437038B2 |
Image forming apparatus and method of controlling the same
An image forming apparatus allows a print unit to print a sheet on which a user handwrites, and combines a handwritten image included in an image obtained by reading out a handwritten sheet with a background image, and prints the combined image. Further, a decor to determine decoration contents for the handwriting image and a painting pattern of a decorated area can be designated by the user, and the handwriting image is decorated according to the determined decoration contents and the painting pattern. Further, the decoration contents are determined according to the designated painting pattern as well as the designated decor. That is, the decor that the user desires may be adjusted to be suitable for the designated painting pattern and the decoration contents may be determined. |
| US08437035B2 |
Printing apparatus, control method of printing apparatus, and storage medium
A user can easily tell whether image position adjustment is being appropriately performed for accommodating units in which printing media is accommodated. A printing method for controlling a printing apparatus so as to cause a printing unit to print on a sheet fed from a sheet accommodation unit, includes: accepting input of an adjustment value for image adjustment for a sheet accommodated in the sheet accommodation unit; causing the printing unit to print an image adjusted according to the accepted adjustment value; and in a case where adjustment is necessary for a sheet accommodated in the sheet accommodation unit, prompting input of the adjustment value. |
| US08437034B2 |
Dynamically adapted reprographic system to current operating environment based on probabilistic network
A probabilistic network, in particular a Bayesion network, is used for control of a printing system in order to realize an adaptable printing system. A reprographic system, includes at least one sensor, providing a sensor signal; at least one actuator, responsive to an actuator signal; and a control unit for generating the actuator signal for the at least one actuator in dependence on the sensor signal of the at least one sensor. The control unit includes a signal processing module configured to generate the actuator signal based on at least one sensor signal with involvement of a probabilistic network. |
| US08437030B2 |
Delivery expert system, method and computer program product
An automated rule-based system for facilitating delivery of a fax document from a source to a destination over a network where an initial delivery attempt has been unsuccessful. Actions to be taken are based upon a time-variable set of input conditions which may be determined from one or more of the destination, the source, a database of past delivery attempts, and a human analyst. The actions may include one or more of resubmitting the fax document to the network for a next delivery attempt, cancelling the document, sending a request to the source or destination for additional delivery information, and identifying the destination as a technical problem. The input conditions may include an identification of non-business days and non-business hours. |
| US08437029B2 |
Method and apparatus for assigning candidate processing nodes in a stream-oriented computer system
A method of choosing jobs to run in a stream based distributed computer system includes determining jobs to be run in a distributed stream-oriented system by deciding a priority threshold above which jobs will be accepted, below which jobs will be rejected. Overall importance is maximized relative to the priority threshold based on importance values assigned to all jobs. System constraints are applied to ensure jobs meet set criteria. |
| US08437028B2 |
Image combining apparatus and method for aligning positions of images
An image combining apparatus, which is connected with a white-board device, and an image projecting device, includes an image outputting section for outputting the projective image data to the image projecting device, an operation section for designating any position on a projected image, an image processing section for generating projective image data for displaying a mark, a memory section for memorizing the coordinate positions of two or more standard points, and an image inputting section for receiving the scanned image data from the white-board device, wherein the image processing section obtains the coordinate positions of the certain marks when the two or more standard points have been designated, the image processing section makes correspondence with the coordinate positions of the certain marks and the coordinate positions of the two or more standard points respectively, whereby the image processing position recognizes the position of the projected image on the viewing surface. |
| US08437027B2 |
System and method for tracking the bypass of a print governance policy
A device management system and method for tracking bypass of a print governance policy. A print control agent application can be configured with a set of predefined print governance policies in order to manage a rendering job activity. The print control agent application can pass, confirm and/or reject the rendering job based on the print governance policies. The rendering job activity that bypasses the print governance policies based on a policy violation approach can be tracked and measured utilizing a set of tracking algorithms in order to generate a tracked data. A bypass report can be visually generated based on the tracked data in order to analyze the policy violation and its frequency of occurrence thereby improving compliance with the rendering policies. |
| US08437025B2 |
Image processing apparatus and image processing method
In an image processing apparatus includes a plurality of image processing units which perform image processing for image data, a packet data containing part of image data and an identifier for identifying an image processing unit is generated. When image processing to be executed by a specific image processing unit identified based on the identifier is switched to another image processing, an image processing unit which has received packet data changes the identifier contained in the packet data, and transfers the packet data containing the changed identifier to another image processing unit. |
| US08437022B2 |
Order system for printed matter, and method for calculating production of printed matter
The invention discloses an order system for printed matter, where printed matter is defined in an article-based database in the order system and an order for the production of the printed matter is using an interface in the order system, and a method for calculating production of printed matter, where first an interface in such an order system is used to give an order for production and where, when the order has been given, parameters for the printed matter are taken as a basis for using a calculation module in a Management Information System controlling networked graphical production to calculate the production and in order to trigger the automated calculation when an order has been given using an article-based order system, it is proposed that production-specific parameters for the printed matter be able to be defined in the order system's database and that, when the order has been given, the order system provide the parameters for calculating production of the printed matter via an interface. |
| US08437021B2 |
Printing system and program for processing secure print jobs using a security-unaware printer
The present invention provides, to an image forming apparatus that cannot interpret access control information representing permission to execute printing, a mechanism for flexibly restricting a print job by using the access control information. Specifically, a proxy server verifies whether the access control information is valid. If the proxy server verifies that the access control information is valid, an ACT in the print job is deleted. The print job with the ACT deleted is queued. The queued print job is transmitted and printed out in the image forming apparatus. |
| US08437020B2 |
System and method for printer emulation
A system and method are provided for selectively emulating printer job processes. The method comprises: receiving a print job from a source; determining a match between received print job commands and default print job commands; mapping non-matching received print job commands to default print job commands; and, printing the print job using an modified set of received print job commands. The job may be printed using a combination of mapped default and received print job commands. The match between received print job commands and default print job commands may be determined by identifying a source print driver identity. The source print driver can be identified in response to parsing PJL commands received with the print job. Then, the method selects a table in response to determining the source print driver identity and accesses the selected table for default print job commands that have been cross-referenced to received print job commands. |
| US08437014B2 |
Paper handling system for utilization with a lazy-portrait formatting document printing system
A printed sheet handling system and method for use with lazy-portrait narrow-end to narrow-end (LPEE) formatted pages web printed pages to produce document sets includes: a printer to print LPEE formatted paired document pages on a continuous web; a slitter that divides the LPEE formatted printed web into two streams of sheets; collecting each stream in separate rolls of continuous sheets; withdrawing the stream of continuous sheets from a top of one roll, rotating the second roll 180°, and withdrawing the stream of continuous sheets from a bottom of the second roll; transferring each of the unwound streams of continuous sheets to a cutter that cuts each stream into individual pages; and collating the individual pages into correctly aligned and page number-sequenced document sets. |
| US08437010B2 |
Surface analysis for detecting closed holes, and device
A process for determining the position of closed holes in a component is provided. By carrying out laser triangulation measurements on an uncoated component and a coated component with holes, the exact position of the holes to be reopened may be detected following the coating. A device used to carry out this process is also provided. |
| US08437006B2 |
Displacement sensor with embedded coherent electromagnetic radiation interferometer for micro scale proximity measurements
The present invention is an interferometer sensor which uses frequency modulated coherent electromagnetic radiation to noncontact measure the displacement of moving targets with high precision. The sensor has an embedded interferometer comprised of an electromagnetic radiation source, a plurality of electromagnetic waveguides, interferometric and extension waveguides, a refractive index gel, or angled end face and an electromagnetic radiation detector. |
| US08437001B2 |
Method for forming a nanostructure penetrating a layer
A method for forming a nanostructure penetrating a layer and the device made thereof is disclosed. In one aspect, the device has a substrate, a layer present thereon, and a nanostructure penetrating the layer. The nanostructure defines a nanoscale passageway through which a molecule to be analyzed can pass through. The nanostructure has, in cross-sectional view, a substantially triangular shape. This shape is particularly achieved by growth of an epitaxial layer having crystal facets defining tilted sidewalls of the nanostructure. It is highly suitably for use for optical characterization of molecular structure, particularly with surface plasmon enhanced transmission spectroscopy. |
| US08437000B2 |
Multiple wavelength cavity ring down gas sensor
An illustrative cavity ring down gas sensor includes an optical cavity for receiving a gas to be detected and at least two electromagnetic radiation sources. The first electromagnetic radiation source may emit a first beam of light having a wavelength corresponding to an absorption wavelength of the gas to be detected, and the second electromagnetic radiation source may emit a second beam of light having a second wavelength that is off of an absorption wavelength of the gas to be detected. The first beam of light may detect a cavity ring down time decay, which is related to the concentration of the gas to be detected. The second beam of light may be used to detect a baseline cavity ring down time decay, which may be used to help increase the accuracy of the sensor by, for example, helping to compensate the concentration of the gas detected by the first beam of light for sensor variations caused by, for example, sensor age, temperature or pressure changes, and/or other conditions. |
| US08436999B2 |
Fluorescence excitation and detection system and method
A detection system for separately detecting different wavelengths of emission light emitted from a sample. The system includes a detection assembly to receive the emission light emitted from the sample. The detection assembly includes a multi-band dichroic member and at least first and second detection cameras. The multi-band dichroic member has a transmission/reflection characteristic with at least two transmissive regions separated from each other along a wavelength spectrum and with at least one reflective region separated from the transmissive regions along the wavelength spectrum. The dichroic member transmits portions of the emission light that align with the at least two transmissive regions to the first detection camera. The dichroic member reflects a portion of the emission light that aligns with the reflective region to the second detection camera. |
| US08436998B2 |
Method of measuring focus of a lithographic projection apparatus
A method of measuring focus of a lithographic projection apparatus includes exposure of a photoresist covered test substrate with a plurality of verification fields. Each of the verification fields includes a plurality of verification markers, and the verification fields are exposed using a predetermined focus offset. After developing, an alignment offset for each of the verification markers is measured and translated into defocus data using a transposed focal curve. |
| US08436992B2 |
Low distortion spectrometer
An imaging assembly for a spectrometer includes a substrate with first and second modules thereon containing respective arrays of detector elements positioned so the arrays are elongated along a first axis with a gap therebetween. A third module including a third array of detector elements is also thereon, spaced from the first axis, at least as long as the gap, and smaller than the elongation of either of the first or second arrays. Further thereon are first and second slits elongated along a second axis spaced from and generally parallel to the first axis, each being at least as long as the respective arrays. A third slit at least as long as the gap is also therein, spaced from the first axis, second axis, and third array such that the gap, third slit, and third array are generally along a third axis generally perpendicular to the first and second axis. |
| US08436990B2 |
Microchip and analyzing apparatus
The present invention relates to a microchip 1 having a translucent member 11, a flow channel 10 or a cell formed at a side of the translucent member 11 where light enters, and an aperture 16 formed at a position corresponding to the flow channel 10 or the cell at a side of a translucent member 10 where light goes out. The aperture 16 has a light go-through surface 17 which causes light flux being emitted from the flow channel 10 or the cell to go through and a light reflective surface 18 that totally reflects the incident light flux. A width size W1 of the light go-through surface 17 is smaller than a width size W2 of the flow channel 10 or the cell. |
| US08436989B2 |
Inspection apparatus using a chip
An inspection apparatus using a chip includes a rotor that holds a chip; a measurement room in which the rotor is provided and a through hole is formed; a light source that emits light for measurement to the chip through the through hole; a light measurement unit that detects the light from the chip, a rotation drive mechanism that rotates the rotor; and a cover member capable of covering or uncovering an opening portion. |
| US08436985B2 |
Combination stop for catoptric projection arrangement
The disclosure relates to an optical projection arrangement that can be used to image a reticle onto a substrate. The projection arrangement includes reflective elements, by which a ray path is defined. A combination stop is in a pupil of the ray path. The combination stop has a first opening (aperture opening) for use as an aperture stop. The combination stop also has a second opening for allowing passage of a ray bundle of the ray path, such that the combination stop acts as a combined aperture stop and stray light stop. In addition, the disclosure relates to a corresponding combination stop for optical arrangements, as well as related systems, components and methods. |
| US08436982B2 |
Projection objective for microlithography
A projection objective for microlithography includes at least one optical assembly with optical elements which are disposed between an object plane and an image plane. The optical assembly includes at least one optical terminal element, which is disposed close to the image plane. A first immersion liquid is disposed on the image oriented surface of the optical terminal element. A second immersion liquid is disposed on the object oriented surface of the optical terminal element. The object oriented surface includes a first surface section for the imaging light to enter into the terminal element, and the image oriented surface includes a second surface portion for the imaging light to exit from the terminal element. |
| US08436981B2 |
Exposing method, exposure apparatus, and device fabricating method
An exposing method that forms a pattern of a reticle on a wafer is provided. In the method, part of the pattern of the reticle in an illumination area, which is illuminated by illumination light from an illumination optical system, is illuminated, and while scanning the illumination area with respect to the reticle in the +Y direction (or the −Y direction) by pivoting a deflection mirror, the reticle is moved in the corresponding −Y direction (or the +Y direction) and the wafer is moved in a direction that corresponds to the movement direction of the reticle. |
| US08436979B2 |
Exposure apparatus, and device manufacturing method
An immersion liquid is supplied to a space between a projection system and a substrate, and a patterned beam of radiation is projected through the liquid onto a target portion of the substrate using the projection system. Substrates can be held on first and second tables. The first and second tables are moved together so as to transit from a first state to a second state, the first state in which the liquid immersion is maintained between the projection system and one of the first and second tables, the second state in which the liquid immersion is maintained between the projection system and the other one of the first and second tables. During the transition, the liquid immersion is maintained just below the projection system. |
| US08436978B2 |
Exposure apparatus, and device manufacturing method
A liquid immersion exposure apparatus includes an optical element through which an exposure beam passes, a first table which is movable relative to the optical element, while holding a substrate and a second table which is movable relative to the optical element while holding a substrate. The optical element is kept in contact with an exposure liquid while the first table and the second table are moved from a first state in which the first table is opposite to the optical element to a second state in which the second table is opposite to the optical element. |
| US08436975B2 |
Roll stocker and method for fabricating liquid crystal display device using the same
A roll stocker includes a plurality of roll fixing units for fixing a plurality of rubbing rolls; shaft connection parts having a plurality of radially extended end portions connected with each roll fixing unit; and a rotational shaft for fixing the center of the shaft connection parts and rotating the shaft connection parts. A plurality of rubbing rolls can be rotated, and by keeping the plurality of rubbing rolls in storage in the closed roll stocker, contamination of a rubbing cloth due to external particles can be prevented, space utilization can be enhanced, and deviation of eccentricity of the rubbing rolls kept in storage can be prevented. |
| US08436973B2 |
LCD device and display panel of the device
A liquid crystal display device includes a liquid crystal display panel and a flexible printed circuit board electrically connected to the liquid crystal display panel. The liquid crystal display panel includes a first substrate and a controller disposed on the first substrate. The controller is accommodated in a space between the first substrate and the flexible printed circuit board, and is covered by the flexible printed circuit board. |
| US08436972B2 |
In-plane switching type liquid crystal display device
A liquid crystal display device comprises a pair of substrates subjected to an aligning treatment in mutually parallel but opposite directions, a liquid crystal layer interposed between the pair of substrates, a first electrode bent into a “<” shape, and a second electrode formed via an insulating film with the first electrode. The first electrode comprises one linear section and another linear section that extend in directions that intersect the alignment treatment direction at different angles, a bent section that is provided at each end where the one linear section and the other linear section adjacent to each other and that extends in a direction that intersects the alignment treatment direction at an angle that is greater than each of the intersecting angles of the one linear section and the other linear section and the alignment treatment direction with respect to the alignment treatment directions. |
| US08436970B2 |
Liquid crystal display and manufacturing method thereof
Provided is a liquid crystal display including: a first substrate and a second substrate facing each other; a pixel electrode disposed on the first substrate; an opposing electrode disposed on the second substrate; a liquid crystal layer in vertical alignment mode interposed between the first substrate and the second substrate and including a plurality of liquid crystal molecules; and a tilt direction determining member determining tilt directions of the liquid crystal molecules when an electric field is generated in the liquid crystal layer, wherein the liquid crystal layer includes a first area and a second area in each of the first area and the second area, the liquid crystal molecules being aligned to have a pretilt without the electric field in the liquid crystal layer, and a pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the first area is larger a pretilt angle that of the liquid crystal molecules in the second area. |
| US08436967B2 |
Transflective liquid crystal display device having first and second switching devices connecting a same data line and two different gate lines in each pixel
An IPS-mode transflective LCD device includes an array of pixels each including a reflective region and a transmissive region juxtaposed. The reflective region operates in a normally-white mode, and the transmissive region operates in a normally-black mode. A common data signal is supplied to the reflective region and transmissive region, whereas the common electrode signal in the transmissive region is an inverted signal of the common electrode signal in the reflective region, to thereby obtain similar gray-scale levels. |
| US08436963B2 |
Backlight assembly and liquid crystal display having the same
A backlight assembly including direct-type lamps and an edge-type lamp and a liquid crystal display having the backlight assembly. The direct-type lamps are arranged with a predetermined interval to emit light, and the edge-type lamp is provided at a side portion of a light guide plate provided above or below the direct-type lamps. The light guide plate and a light guide pattern output light, which is emitted from the edge-type lamp, through a space between two adjacent direct-type lamps. The backlight assembly supplies light to the light receiving region such that brightness is uniformly distributed throughout the light receiving region regardless of the position of the direct-type lamps. |
| US08436952B2 |
Hybrid illumination system for head-up display
A head-up display including a hybrid illumination system is provided. A light mixing unit provides a substantially homogenous light source to a reflective display unit. A concentrating optics unit collects ambient light and directs it towards the light mixing unit. At the same time, an electrically-powered light source emits light which is directed towards the light mixing unit. One or more optical elements direct the ambient light and the light source light into the light mixing unit for homogenization. A condensing unit receives the homogenized light mixture and outputs the condensed light to a polarizing beam splitter. A reflective display modulates the light from the polarizing beam splitter with information from a source of electrical information signals back towards the polarizing beam splitter. A projection unit projects the modulated light to create an image on a windshield. |
| US08436942B2 |
Image processing apparatus and image processing method
An image processing apparatus for controlling brightness of an image to be output to a display unit includes a separation unit which separates an input image into images in a plurality of areas, and an entropy calculation unit which calculates, for the image in each area, entropy information on at least one of distribution of luminosity, character quantity, and motion quantity. In addition, a brightness control unit controls brightness for the image in each area so that a first reduction rate of brightness in an area of which entropy is relatively small is greater than a second reduction rate of brightness in an area of which entropy is relatively large. |
| US08436940B2 |
Converting image format
An apparatus for converting an image format of data and a method thereof is disclosed. An apparatus for converting an image format of data comprises an image converter (126) for converting parameters of the image format, an encoder (127) for encoding the format changed data and a file system converter (128) for changing the encodes data into a file system supported by an external interface (121). Also, a method for converting an image format of data comprises converting the image format of data into another image format, encoding the format changed data into a compressed data, and converting data into a file system which an external interface supports. |
| US08436937B2 |
Camera module having socket with protrusion and method for assembling the same
A camera module includes a circuit board having a supporting surface, a socket fixed on the supporting surface of the circuit board and defining a receiving space, an image sensor received in the receiving space, and a lens group optically coupled with the image sensor. The receiving space of the socket has an entrance and an internal surface. A block protrusion is formed on the internal surface. The block protrusion includes a first ramp extending from the internal surface to a center portion of the receiving space. The lens group includes a plurality of optical components. A slope parallel to the first ramp is formed on one of the optical components. At least part of the lens group is received in the receiving space and blocked by the block protrusion, with the first ramp resisting against the slope. A method for assembling the camera module is also provided. |
| US08436933B2 |
Image pickup system and lens apparatus
The image pickup system is constituted by a lens apparatus including a focus lens and an image pickup apparatus performing image pickup through the lens apparatus. The system includes an operating part being operated to instruct a movement of the focus lens, a controller performing focus position control to move the focus lens to a position corresponding to an operation amount of the operating part, a ranging part detecting an object distance in each of plural ranging areas included in an image pickup region, and a determining part determining a distance range where the object distances detected in the plural ranging areas are distributed. The system further includes a changing part changing a relationship between the operation amount of the operating part and the position of the focus lens in the focus position control according to a determination result by the determining part. |
| US08436932B2 |
Focus target discrimination using multiple focus zones
A digital camera and method or algorithm that quickly determines if there are objects in a focus region of the camera that are nearer to or farther from the current focus position. Multiple focusing zones are used along with a technique that compares data from each of the focusing zones to determine distance relationships between objects in different zones. |
| US08436931B2 |
Camera module
A camera module is disclosed. In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, the camera module includes a lens unit, an image sensing unit, which converts light received through the lens unit to an electrical signal, and a shield can, which supports the lens unit and is made of a conductive metallic material so as to shield an electromagnetic wave. |
| US08436930B2 |
Apparatus and method for capturing an image utilizing a guide image and live view image corresponding to the guide image
A digital image processing apparatus configured to display a guide image of a previously captured image in a portion of a screen and a live view image in another portion of the screen, and configured to notify a user when the guide image and the live view image match each other. A method of operating a digital image processing apparatus that includes displaying a guide image on a display and trimming a central portion of the guide image; displaying a live view image in a central area of the display where the guide image is not displayed; and capturing the live view image when the guide image and the live view image are matched with each other. |
| US08436928B2 |
Image sensing apparatus and method with drive control variation of each of the plurality of output fields
An image sensing apparatus includes an image sensing unit that performs image sensing by converting incoming light into electrical signals, a control unit that controls driving of the image sensing unit so as to read out the electrical signals by each area of a plurality of areas of the image sensing unit, and a signal processing unit that processes the electrical signals read out by each of the plurality of areas. The control unit varies a horizontal cycle that drives the image sensing unit for each of the plurality of areas. |
| US08436918B2 |
Systems, apparatus and methods for subtitling for stereoscopic content
Systems, apparatus and methods are provided for the real-time positional manipulation of stereoscopic (3D) subtitles in a stereoscopic viewing environment. A stereoscopic subtitling workstation is provided for creating stereoscopic subtitling content for use with stereoscopic video content in which stereoscopic subtitling content can be manipulated and adjusted in real-time in a stereoscopic viewing environment to set the desired viewing position and appearance parameters for the stereoscopic subtitling content. The stereoscopic subtitling workstation may further automatically analyze the stereoscopic video content and automatically generate optimal viewing parameters for the stereoscopic subtitling content, including its 3D offset, according to desired appearances and interaction between such content. The automatically generated stereoscopic subtitling content parameters could then use the real-time manipulation features of the workstation to further fine tune the automatically generated stereoscopic subtitling content parameters. |
| US08436917B2 |
Method for creation of an animated series of photographs, and device to implement the method
The present invention relates to a method for creation of an animated series of photographs. A photograph acquisition device analyzes the images in order to detect an absence of movement. The detection of an absence of movement during a determined period triggers a photograph to be taken and the memorization of image data in the series of photographs. The user introduces a command to end the acquisition of the series of photographs. The data of different photographs taken are assembled to form an animated series. During the reproduction, the series is reproduced by displaying successively each photograph, the time between each photograph reproduction can possibly be introduced by the user. The invention also relates to a photograph acquisition device designed acquire said animated series of photographs. |
| US08436916B2 |
Removable data storage device with interface to receive image content from a camera
A data storage device includes an interface removably connectable to a camera to receive from the camera image content in a first format, where the image content is received at the interface from the camera when the camera is operating in a print mode. The data storage device also includes a processor coupled to the interface. The processor processes the received image content in the first format to generate converted image content in a second format. The data storage device also includes a non-volatile memory to store the converted image content in the second format. The data storage device also includes a second interface to a second electronic device. The second interface selectively outputs the image content in the second format to the second electronic device. The data storage device emulates a printer via the interface. |
| US08436912B2 |
Range measurement using multiple coded apertures
A method of using an image capture device to identify range information for objects in a scene includes providing an image capture device having an image sensor, at least two coded apertures, and a lens; storing in a memory a set of blur parameters derived from range calibration data for each coded aperture; capturing images of the scene having a plurality of objects using each of the coded apertures; providing a set of deblurred images using the captured images from each coded aperture and each of the blur parameters from the stored set; and using the set of deblurred images to determine the range information for the objects in the scene. |
| US08436909B2 |
Compound camera sensor and related method of processing digital images
In one embodiment, a light sensor includes four cell arrays, one for each color of the Bayer pattern, and four lenses each focusing the light coming from the scene to be captured on a respective cell array. The lenses are oriented such that at least a second green image, commonly provided by the fourth cell array, is both horizontally and vertically shifted (spaced) apart by half a pixel pitch from a first (reference) green image. In a second embodiment, the four lenses are oriented such that the red and blue images are respectively shifted (spaced) apart by half a pixel pitch from the first or reference green image, one horizontally and the other vertically, and the second green image is shifted (spaced) apart by half a pixel pitch from the reference green image both horizontally and vertically. |
| US08436908B2 |
Optical image stabilization
An optical image stabilization (OIS) system may be used in a camera having an optical system which includes a motion compensating optical element driven by an actuator. The system may include a motion sensor providing a motion signal, a frequency detector for detecting a dominant frequency being that frequency within the motion signal which may produce the most significant motion blurring in the image produced by the camera, and a tunable high-pass filter for filtering the motion signal and supplying the filtered motion signal as an actuator control signal. The tunable high pass filter may be tuned based upon the dominant frequency to a filter characteristic which provides a phase lead substantially canceling a phase lag of the actuator at that frequency. |
| US08436905B2 |
Front lens shutter mount for uniformity correction
An imaging system comprising a lens, a detector array (e.g., focal plane array), a signal processing module and a shutter, wherein the shutter is positioned in front of the lens (between the lens and the scene being imaged). This front lens shutter mount configuration allows offset correction to compensate for internal radiant flux and other deficiencies associated with conventional systems. |
| US08436901B2 |
Field monitoring system using a mobile terminal and method thereof
A field monitoring system using a mobile terminal includes at least one mobile terminal which transmits situation information including video information, audio information and location information and receives three-dimensional (3D) image information corresponding to the situation information, and a control server which receives the situation information from the mobile terminal, generates 3D image information about a current location of the mobile terminal by matching the location information of the situation information with pre-stored map information or architectural drawing information, and transmits the 3D image information to the mobile terminal. The video and audio information is generated by capturing video and sound of a field, and the location information is generated by integrating signals sensed by an accelerometer and a gyroscope sensor with a Global Positioning System (GPS) signal including latitude, longitude and time. |
| US08436899B2 |
Method and apparatus of tilted illumination observation
A tilted illumination observation method and observation device with easy adjustment, high speed, good reproducibility and low cost is provided. A high resolution tilt image of a specimen is obtained by extracting the blurring on the scanning spot occurring during beam tilt from the image (step 6) captured by the tilted beam, and the image (step 4) captured from directly above the standard specimen; and then deconvoluting (step 11, 12) the tilted image of the target specimen (step 10) using the extracted scanning spot from the oblique beam. |
| US08436898B1 |
Delayed petroleum coking vessel inspection device and method
This invention comprises a system and a method for inspecting the inside of delayed petroleum coking vessels to determine deformations, detect and determine the severity of other defects and visually observe the inside of the inspected vessel. |
| US08436895B2 |
Stereoscopic image display device
Provided are a stereoscopic image display device and a method of manufacturing the same. The method of manufacturing a stereoscopic image display device and the stereoscopic image display device manufactured by the method may minimize a phenomenon capable of degrading a stereoscopic image quality such as crosstalk, have wide viewing angle and excellent contrast characteristics and realize excellent quality of the stereoscopic image. |
| US08436892B2 |
Image data obtaining method and apparatus therefor
An image data obtaining method and apparatus therefore, where the image data obtaining method involves determining an image-capturing mode from among a first image-capturing mode for capturing an image of a target subject by using a filter having a first area for transmitting light and a second area for blocking light, and a second image-capturing mode for capturing the image of the target subject without using the filter; capturing the image of the target subject by selectively using the filter according to the determined image-capturing mode; and processing captured image data. |
| US08436888B1 |
Detection of a lecturer in a videoconference
In one embodiment, a system detects a lecturer within a videoconference. The system includes two or more participant systems and a media switch coupled to each of the participant systems. The media switch includes a switch processor to receive and process audio and video information from the participant systems. The switch processor analyzes loudness metric values of active speakers and designates a particular speaker as a lecturer. In addition, the switch processor provides audio and video information of the remaining conference participants to the lecturer participant system to rotate through conference participants with each participant being displayed to the lecturer for a predetermined interval (e.g., in a round robin fashion), thereby enabling the lecturer to view the entire audience. |
| US08436887B2 |
Mobile terminal, display apparatus and control method thereof
Disclosed is a control method for a display apparatus and a mobile terminal which includes a camera for taking a photograph and generating an image; a voice input unit which is used to input a voice; a user input unit which receives a user's input; a display unit which displays the image thereon; a wireless communication unit which communicates with a counterpart mobile terminal through a wireless network; and a controller which performs a video call by transmitting to the counterpart mobile terminal video call data comprising a video generated by the camera and a voice input by the voice input unit according user input, displays on the display unit a shared image during the video call, and transmits to the counterpart mobile terminal the shared image added to the video call data. |
| US08436884B2 |
Image forming apparatus
According to one embodiment, when performing monochrome image forming, image processing circuits for color image forming, laser control circuits for the color image forming and data processing circuits for the color image forming in an integrated circuit are not operated. |
| US08436881B2 |
Image recording medium transfer apparatus and image formation apparatus
An image recording medium transfer apparatus includes: a capstan that transfers a recording medium for an image; a pinch roller provided opposite the capstan to pass the recording medium between the pinch roller and the capstan; and a pressing force application unit configured to exert a pressing force to press the capstan and the pinch roller against each other via the recording medium. The capstan includes a plurality of projections on a pressing surface of the capstan that presses the recording medium. When a height of each of the projections from the pressing surface is defined as H, the height H is in a range of 20 mm |
| US08436877B2 |
Card printer and card printing/stacking device
Based on information recorded on and read out from a card, a card printer erasably writes information on the card or erases information recorded on the card. The card printer comprises transport means T for transporting card 70 along a passageway 5 having an inlet 4, reading means R provided in the vicinity of passageway 5 for reading out information recorded on a surface of card 70 transported along passageway 5, printing means P for recording information on and erasing information from the surface of card 70, and control means IC electrically connected to transport means T, reading means R and printing means P for determining whether to record information on or to erase information from surface of card 70 and for controlling operation of transport means T and printing means P depending on information forwarded from reading means R. |
| US08436875B2 |
Display device
A multiple primary color display device which suppresses the reduction in the display quality when an input signal corresponding to green in an sRGB color space is input from outside is provided. A display device according to the present invention has a pixel defined by a plurality of sub pixels. The plurality of sub pixels include at least a red sub pixel for displaying red, a green sub pixel for displaying green, a blue sub pixel for displaying blue, and a yellow sub pixel for displaying yellow. When an input signal corresponding to green in the sRGB color space is input from outside, the display device according to the present invention provides display using the yellow sub pixel in addition to the green sub pixel. |
| US08436874B2 |
Item editing method, item editing device, and program
An item editing device, and item editing method, and a program stored on a tangible media enable easily editing items whether the item is rectangle or an arch shape by unifying the item editing operation and reducing the number of steps. The item editing method enables editing an editable item within a layout area via an item changing unit where prescribed areas are set as attributes of the item in the top side, the bottom side, the left side, the right side, the center point, and an internal area other than the center point of the item, and has steps of: specifying one of the prescribed areas of the editable item when editing the item; specifying any point in the layout area as a destination of the specified item; and selecting one of the editing units included in the item changing unit according to the specified point and editing the editable item within the layout area, the editing unit including an arch-shape generating unit, an item curvature changing unit, an item width changing unit, an item height changing unit, and an item position changing unit. |
| US08436873B2 |
Method of manipulating visibility of images on a volumetric display
The invention relates to a method of manipulating the visibility of image elements on the screens of a multi-screen display. In particular, methods of maximising the visibility of selected target image elements are identified. |
| US08436872B2 |
System and method for creating and displaying map projections related to real-time images
There is provided a method and system for creating and displaying a map projection of a device's real-time viewing area to depict virtual objects, the virtual objects providing a reflected view of real-time objects displayed within the device's viewing area, the method comprising: displaying a real-time image of the device's viewing area taken from a geographical location on a display; retrieving the map projection for revealing the reflected view as an elevated view of a ground surface about the device's current geographical location and in accordance with the device's viewing area; superimposing the map projection on the display and overlaid in an upper portion of the real-time image; and defining one or more markers configured to show a relationship between the map projection and the real-time image, each marker overlaid on the display and configured to connect between the virtual object in the map projection and the corresponding real-time object on the real-time image. |
| US08436870B1 |
User interface and method for graphical processing analysis
A computer-implemented user interface and method for graphical processing analysis. More specifically, embodiments provide a convenient and effective mechanism for presenting GPU performance information such that one or more bottlenecking and/or underutilized graphics pipeline units may be identified. The presentation of the information enables quick comparison of all graphical operations within a frame for analysis with increased granularity. Additionally, the performance of graphical operations with common state attributes may be compared to more effectively and efficiently enhance GPU performance. |
| US08436865B2 |
Memory controller and memory system using the same
According to an aspect of embodiment, a memory controller for controlling a memory having areas of data unit of K bits, includes a data mapping unit dividing N bits of data, where N is not a multiple of K, into K bits and (N−K) bits, and in regard to L pieces of the data, arranging L K-bit data into L data units, and arranging L (N−K)-bit data into M (M=L×(N−K)/K) data units by packing; and an access control unit access-controlling the memory to access the L K-bit data as L data units, and access-controlling the memory to access the packed L (N−K)-bit data as M data units. |
| US08436859B2 |
Graphical representations for aggregated paths
Techniques for displaying path-related information. Techniques are provided for generating and displaying graphical representations for a path. For example, radial histograms, radial vector plots, and other graphical representations may be rendered for multiple paths aggregated together. |
| US08436857B2 |
System and method for applying level of detail schemes
A method for level of detail in a 3D environment application involves establishing a tiered system for processing a graphical object at a distance from a perspective point. The tiered system comprises a first level and a second level, the first level for processing the graphical object at a first range from the perspective point, and the second level for processing the graphical object at a second range from the perspective point. The method also involves determining the distance of the graphical object from the perspective point, assigning, while rendering the graphical object and based on the distance, the graphical object to a corresponding level of the tiered system, and executing a virtual processor assigned to the graphical object. The virtual processor executes every frame when the graphical object is assigned to the first level, less than every frame when assigned to the second level, and displaying the graphical object. |
| US08436855B1 |
Efficient illumination of large three dimensional environments
Efficient determination of illumination over large 3D environments, including shadowing, is provided. Illumination, including shadows, is generated using a raster elevation map by a lighting solver. The lighting solver fetches the raster elevation map for an illumination area of interest at the paging rate and produces an illumination map that is applied to terrain and features by a 3D renderer. The lighting solver updates subsets of the illumination map as necessary to reflect changing illumination or movement of the visual area of interest. |
| US08436853B1 |
Methods and systems for acquiring and ranking image sets
Methods and systems for acquiring and ranking image sets are described. In an example, a computing device may be configured to determine a feature-based score that may be based on features of the object including geometry of the object. The computing device also may be configured to receive a plurality of sets of images of the object. A number of respective images of each set of images may be based on the feature-based score. The computing device further may be configured to determine for each set of images a respective image-based score based on a prospective three-dimensional (3D) visualization of the object to be generated by a merged output of that set of images. The computing device also may be configured to determine a respective ranking for each set of images based on the respective image-based score; and select a set of images based on the respective ranking. |
| US08436850B2 |
Pixel and organic light emitting display device having the same
A pixel including a boosting capacitor, wherein the boosting capacitor includes: a semiconductor layer, a first conductive layer overlapping the semiconductor layer at an overlapping portion, and a first insulating film therebetween, and wherein the semiconductor layer includes: a main body portion, a contact portion outside the overlapping portion and coupling the boosting capacitor with another component, and a connecting portion integrally provided with the main body portion and the contact portion to couple the main body portion with the contact portion at an interface of the first conductive layer and having a width smaller than that of the main body portion and the contact portion. |
| US08436847B2 |
Video rate ChLCD driving with active matrix backplanes
A device and method providing a pixel architecture that, in at least one embodiment, contains both an on/off memory element and a switching element to utilize low-power liquid crystal displays for video or near-video applications. Such an embodiment can be implemented, for example, using a pair of TFTs for implementing the memory element and switching element on a common substrate. Other embodiments can utilize actual memory devices for the memory elements. This device and method are particularly useful for driving cholestric display elements for video or near video rate applications. |
| US08436840B2 |
Devices and methods for improving LCD device testing
Disclosed are devices and methods that relate to an LCD device responding to an AT command that solely activates the backlight of the LCD device. An LCD device is programmed to respond to two distinct backlight AT commands. One AT command turns the backlight on, and another AT command turns the backlight off. These backlight AT commands are programmed into LCD device testing equipment so that accurate photographs are taken of the LCD device, and results are improved. The backlight AT commands are also used as part of the programming for user-end applications. |
| US08436836B2 |
Method and apparatus for forming, projecting and detecting a coded pattern image with a camera and recognition system
Method and apparatus (16) for projecting infrared or near infrared or low intensity visible light from a pen, pointer or other guiding object in the form of a coded pattern image, detectable by a camera and recognition system but invisible, or hardly visible to the user and audience, thus controlling and interacting with a computer (19) during a presentation, computer supported work and/or other interactive use of a computer, including pointing, selecting, drawing and writing, both distantly (11) and closely (10) to the front or rear projection screen or possible other type of display screen, without any distracting visual patterns or spots, while the possible visual feedback to the user and audience can be generated by the computer and display system onto the display screen in a controlled and context-sensitive way. The projected complex images from the positioning device when operating remotely (11) and when operating closely to the screen (10), are created by optical alignment of one or several diffractive optical elements, collimating lens and/or mirrors, and one or more light sources. The light sources can preferably be laser diodes or light emitting diodes. In a preferred embodiment, the light sources are emitting visible, infrared or near-infrared light. |
| US08436830B2 |
Display device with touch panel
Provided is a display device with a touch panel, the display device including a display panel and a capacitance coupling type touch panel disposed on a surface of an observer side of the display panel. The capacitance coupling type touch panel includes on a substrate a plurality of first electrodes and a plurality of second electrodes. Each of the plurality of first electrodes includes a first portion formed on a layer different from a layer of the plurality of second electrodes to intersect one of the plurality of second electrodes, and a second portion formed on the same layer as the layer of the plurality of second electrodes separately from the plurality of second electrodes. The first portion is connected to the second portion via a contact hole formed through an insulating film formed between the first portion and the plurality of second electrodes. |
| US08436829B1 |
Touchscreen keyboard simulation for performance evaluation
A computerized system sends a series of touchscreen keyboard touch data to a touchscreen keyboard device that receives the touchscreen keyboard touch data and processes the received string of touchscreen keyboard touch data to simulate touches to a touchscreen of the touchscreen keyboard device. A touchscreen keyboard algorithm is applied to the simulated touches, producing a corrected text string. The effectiveness of the touchscreen keyboard algorithm at producing a correct text string can then be evaluated. |
| US08436828B1 |
Smart touchscreen key activation detection
Embodiments relate to systems for, and methods of, detecting attempted space key activations on a touchscreen. Such systems and methods allow for error-tolerant data input on a touchscreen. The systems and methods may be adaptive and grow progressively more accurate as additional user data is received. |
| US08436825B2 |
Haptic interaction device
A interaction device includes a touch-sensitive surface which generates input data when the touch-sensitive surface is in contact with an actuator, a frame fixed to a periphery of the touch-sensitive surface, an actuator which generates a reaction force as a function of the input data, and a support to which the actuator is coupled. The frame and the touch-sensitive surface are arranged to form a rigid assembly which has a resonant frequency of a few hundred Hertz. The actuator is directly coupled to the frame to displace the rigid assembly relative to the support, and the resonant frequency of the actuator is substantially equal to the resonant frequency of the rigid assembly. |
| US08436823B2 |
Sensor apparatus and information processing apparatus
A sensor apparatus includes a first capacitance element, a second capacitance element, a ground circuit, and a signal processing circuit. The first capacitance element has a first capacitance. The second capacitance element includes a first electrode and a second electrode that form a second capacitance larger than the first capacitance. The ground circuit includes a third electrode arranged adjacently to the first electrode, and converts the second capacitance into a third capacitance smaller than the second capacitance by connecting the third electrode to a ground potential. The signal processing circuit processes a first signal output from the first capacitance element based on a change of the first capacitance, and a second signal output from the second capacitance element based on a change of the third capacitance. |
| US08436821B1 |
System and method for developing and classifying touch gestures
Various embodiments of a system and methods for touch gesture recognition are described. A software developer may create a set of custom touch gestures by training a gesture development tool. A new touch gesture may be input to the tool by repeatedly executing the gesture on a touch-enabled device or by depicting parameters of the gesture in a graphical language. A developer may provide a software command associated with the gesture. A unique, software-recognizable gesture descriptor may be created to represent each gesture. The gesture descriptor, a unique identifier of the gesture descriptor and the command associated with the gesture may all be stored as an entry in a configuration file. The file may be embedded in a software application and may be used by a gesture classification module to translate user touch gestures applied to the software application into commands to be executed by the software application. |
| US08436820B2 |
Touchpad using resistive electro-conductive fiber and input device having the same
There are provided a touchpad using resistive electro-conductive fibers and an input device having the same, which can be used for controlling a personal terminal such as a computer by receiving a user's input using a signal representing a motion of the user detected by the resistive electro-conductive fiber in contact with the user's body part such as a finger, instead of using a separate input device such as a mouse. The touchpad includes a plurality of motion detectors and a signal analyzer. The motion detectors each include a resistive electro-conductive fiber having a resistance value varied according to a change in length caused by contact with a human body part, and a signal generator outputting a signal corresponding to the varied resistance value. The signal analyzer analyzes the signal from each of the motion detectors, and generates a motion signal representing a motion of the human body part in contact with the touchpad. |
| US08436819B2 |
Flexible touch display apparatus
A flexible touch display apparatus includes a flexible substrate, a display unit, a flexible insulation layer and a touch sensor layer. The display unit is disposed on the flexible substrate, the flexible insulation layer is disposed on the display unit, and the touch sensor layer is formed on the flexible insulation layer. The flexible touch display apparatus is light in weight, thin in thickness, flexible and unbreakable. |
| US08436816B2 |
Disappearing button or slider
An input device includes a deflection based capacitive sensing input. Deflection of a metal fame of the input device causes a change in capacitance that is used to control a function of an electrical device. The input appears selectively visible because it is made of the same material as the housing it is contained in and because it is selectively backlit through tiny holes. |
| US08436809B2 |
Apparatus, method and medium converting motion signals
An apparatus, method and medium converting a motion signal, which is capable of controlling the motion of the pointer according to a user's intention by removing noise using a filter for the detected motion signal of the pointer in accordance with the moving speed of the pointer. The apparatus includes, a motion detecting unit to detect a motion, a determining unit to determine a type of motion signal according to the detected motion, and a filter unit including at least one filter to convert the motion signal using a filter that corresponds to the type of motion signal, the filter being selected from among the at least one filter. |
| US08436806B2 |
Method of synchronizing data acquisition and a portable electronic device configured to perform the same
A method of synchronizing force data with touch data and a portable electronic device configured to perform the same are provided. In accordance with one embodiment, there is provided a method of synchronizing data acquisition in a portable electronic device, the method comprising: detecting touch events on a touch-sensitive display and storing touch data for each touch event with a time stamp for the touch event; detecting force events on the touch-sensitive display and storing force data for each force event with a time stamp for the force event; matching touch data for a particular touch event with force data for a force event corresponding to the particular touch event; and outputting the matched touch data and force data for input processing operations. |
| US08436802B2 |
Liquid crystal display device having a lamp sequentially turned on along a scan direction of gate lines
A liquid crystal display device includes a liquid crystal display panel having a gate line sequentially selected by a gate pulse and a plurality of light sources which are sequentially turned on along a scan direction of the gate line. The plurality of light sources are turned on with a first level of brightness during a white turn-on period, and turned on with a second level of brightness during a gray turn-on period. The second level of brightness is lower than the first level of brightness to irradiate the liquid crystal display panel with light. As a result, a life span of the plurality of light sources may be extended. |
| US08436801B2 |
Level shift circuit, liquid crystal display device and charge sharing method
A level shift circuit includes a control logic circuit, a plurality of level shift output buffers and a plurality of charge sharing circuits. The control logic circuit receives input clock pulse signals and a charge sharing signal and acquires voltage level information of each received signal. Each output buffer amplifies a corresponding input clock pulse signal and determines whether to output a signal according to the acquired information of the charge sharing signal. Each charge sharing circuit determines whether to be turned on according to the acquired information of a corresponding input clock pulse signal. When a charge sharing circuit is turned on, the output terminal of a corresponding output buffer and a predetermined voltage level are coupled to each other by the charge sharing circuit, so as to perform the charge sharing operation. Furthermore, a corresponding liquid crystal display device and a corresponding charge sharing method are also provided. |
| US08436799B2 |
Image degradation correction in novel liquid crystal displays with split blue subpixels
Systems and methods are disclosed to correct for image degraded signals on a liquid crystal display panel are disclosed. Panels that comprise a subpixel repeating group having an even number of subpixels in a first direction may have parasitic capacitance and other signal errors due to imperfect dot inversion schemes thereon. Techniques for signal correction and localizing of errors onto particular subpixels are disclosed. |
| US08436795B2 |
Electro-optical device and electronic apparatus
An electro-optical device includes a scanning-line driving circuit disposed in a peripheral region around the pixel area, and supplies, through scanning lines, a plurality of scanning signals to a plurality of pixel portions in the pixel area. The data-line driving circuit is disposed in the peripheral region, and supplies a plurality of sampling signals to a sampling circuit, which samples image signals and supplies the sampled image signals to data lines. A light-shielding film covers only the scanning-line driving circuit and the data-line driving circuit of a peripheral circuit portion disposed in the peripheral region. |
| US08436792B2 |
Spontaneous light emitting device and driving method thereof
A counter 102 counts the accumulated lighting time or the accumulated lighting time and the intensity of lighting of each pixel by a first image signal 101A and stores them in a volatile memory 103 or a nonvolatile memory 104. A correction circuit 105 corrects the first image signal based on the correction data stored previously in a correction data storage section 106 in accordance with the degree of the degradation of each spontaneous light emitting element by the use of the accumulated lighting time or the accumulated lighting time and the intensity of lighting, and produces a second mage signal 101B. By the second image signal 101B, a display unit 107 can provide a uniform screen having no variation in luminance even if the light emitting elements in a part of the pixels are degraded. |
| US08436791B2 |
Light-emitting device and mobility compensating method for driving the same, and electronic device
A light-emitting device includes a light-emitting element that emits light of an amount based on the size of a driving current; a driving transistor, the gate thereof being electrically connected to a first node, that outputs a current flowing between the drain-source as the driving current; and a control unit that supplies a first data potential to the first node and supplies a current to the driving transistor so as to set the voltage between the gate and source of the driving transistor to a compensated voltage based on the mobility of the driving transistor, and then supplies a second data potential determined in accordance with the first data potential to the first node. |
| US08436789B2 |
Surface puck
An image orientation system is provided wherein images (rays of lights) are projected to a user based on the user's field of view or viewing angle. As the rays of light are projected, streams of air can be produced that bend or focus the rays of light toward the user's field of view. The streams of air can be cold air, hot air, or combinations thereof. Further, an image receiver can be utilized to receive the produced image/rays of light directly in line with the user's field of view. The image receiver can be a wearable device, such as a head mounted display. |
| US08436782B2 |
Communication antenna device
A communication antenna device for use in radio communication between a moving body and an access point comprises an antenna main body for transmitting and receiving a signal, a base side member of the moving body for supporting the antenna main body, and a damping mechanism provided between the base side member and the antenna main body and suppressing high frequency vibration of the antenna main body that has an impact on the radio communication. The damping mechanism includes an elastic member for absorbing high frequency vibration that has an impact on the radio communication. The elastic member has such characteristics as absorbing high frequency vibration of the antenna main body that makes changes in amplitude or frequency of a transmission signal from the antenna main body to the extent of inducing a demodulation error when the transmission signal is received at an antenna of the other party. |
| US08436778B2 |
Antenna duplexer and communication device using the same
An antenna duplexer includes a transmission filter and a reception filter both coupled with an antenna terminal. A pass band of the transmission filter is lower than a pass band of the reception filter. The transmission filter includes a first series resonator coupled with a first terminal, a second series resonator connected to the first series resonator at a first node, a first parallel resonator connected to a first port of the first series resonator, a second parallel resonator connected to a first node and the first parallel resonator at a second node, a third parallel resonator connected to the first node, a fourth parallel resonator connected to the third parallel resonator at a third node, a first inductance element coupled with the second node and a ground, and a second inductance element coupled with the third node and the ground. The first and second parallel resonators and the first inductance element produce an attenuation pole at a frequency lower than a pass band of the transmission filter. The third and fourth parallel resonators and the second inductance element produce an attenuation pole at a frequency higher than a pass band of the transmission filter. The inductance of the second inductance element is lower than the inductance of the first inductance element. In this antenna duplexer, the transmission filter sufficiently suppresses a spurious caused by harmonics contained in a transmission signal. |
| US08436771B2 |
Enhancing search capacity of global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receivers
Enhancing search capacity of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers. A method for searching satellite signals in a receiver includes performing a plurality of searches sequentially. The method also includes storing a result from each search of the plurality of searches in a consecutive section of a memory. Further, the method includes detecting free sections in the memory. The method also includes concatenating the free sections in the memory to yield a concatenated free section. Moreover, the method includes allocating the concatenated free section for performing an additional search. |
| US08436766B1 |
Systems and methods for suppressing radar sidelobes using time and spectral control
Methods and systems are disclosed for radar pulse compression signal processing. Methods include generating a function that quantifies radar signal characteristics and using a processor to calculate time-domain derivatives of the function in the frequency domain. Methods also include generating a function that quantifies radar signal characteristics as a sum of sidelobe levels; and using a processor to control the sidelobe levels by obtaining gradients of the function in the spectral domain. |
| US08436761B2 |
Analog-to-digital converter digitally controlled according to analog input signal and feedback signal
An analog-to-digital converter including a comparator, a control module, a voltage adjusting module, and an evaluating module is provided. The comparator compares an analog input voltage with a feedback voltage and generates a comparison result. Based on the comparison result, the control module generates a control signal. The voltage adjusting module increases or decreases the feedback voltage toward the analog input voltage according to the control signal. The voltage increase amount and decrease amount provided by the voltage adjusting module are corresponding to a first digital value and a second digital value, respectively. The evaluating module generates the first digital value and the second digital value based on the control signal. According to the first digital value and the second digital value, a digital signal corresponding to the analog input voltage is generated. |
| US08436758B2 |
Adaptive ternary A/D converter for use in an ultra-wideband communication system
In an ultra-wideband communication system, a 1-trit ternary analog-to-digital converter (“ADC”) having dynamic threshold adaption and providing an output in ternary form [+1, 0, −1]. The ternary ADC includes a pair of 1-bit binary ADCs, one being configured in a non-inverting form, and one being configured in an inverting form. Each binary ADC includes an feedback network mechanism, thereby allowing for simultaneous and independent adaptation of the pair of thresholds, compensating for the effects of any DC offset that may be present. The use of a trit-based ternary encoding scheme improves system entropy. |
| US08436753B2 |
System and method for efficiently translating media files between formats using a universal representation
An apparatus and method are described for reading a file into a universal representation and translating from that universal representation into various file formats. For example, a method according to one embodiment comprises: reading compressed audio data from a first audio file, the first audio file comprising audio data compressed using a first compression algorithm and bookkeeping data having a first format, the bookkeeping data specifying a location of the compressed audio data within the first audio file; and generating a universal representation of the first audio file without decompressing and recompressing the audio data, the universal representation having bookkeeping data of a second format specifying the location of compressed audio data within the universal representation. |
| US08436751B2 |
Reliable broadcast transmission in a vehicular environment
Methods for reliable broadcast transmission in a vehicular environment comprise providing a dynamic local map for a driven vehicle, selecting a pivot vehicle based on the local map and optionally on a radio frequency coverage limit and performing a RTS/CTS handshake between the driven vehicle and the pivot vehicle. The CTS message by the pivot vehicle clears the way for the driven vehicle to broadcast data to other vehicles in the environment. |
| US08436748B2 |
Lighting system with traffic management capabilities
The present lighting system adds detection capabilities to perceive the presence and measure the velocity of objects such as automobiles, trucks, pedestrian and other users, to lighting modules for transportation applications like traffic signal, pedestrian control, rails signal, street light, message board and speed monitoring board. For example, a Light Emitting Diode (LED) has the capability to be used as lighting source for illumination as a first function and also be pulsed or modulated as a source for the detection sub-system as a second function. |
| US08436746B2 |
Driver notification system, device, and associated method
Devices, systems, and methods are provided for alerting a driver that a potential hazard is in the vicinity of the driver's vehicle. In general, activation signals transmitted from a vehicle are received at a potential hazard, and hazard signals are, in response, transmitted from the potential hazard to the vehicle. The hazard signals provide an indication of the potential hazard to the driver so that he may be aware of the potential hazard and react accordingly. The indication may be provided to the driver visually, such as on a display of the vehicle, and/or audibly, such as in the form of an audible alert issued by a speaker. The hazard signals may also include one or more characteristics of the potential hazard to provide more information about the potential hazard to the driver, such as the type of potential hazard and/or the degree of danger associated with the potential hazard. |
| US08436744B2 |
Prioritized collection of meter readings
Generally described, the disclosed subject matter is directed to improving the collection of GDT meter readings. In accordance with one embodiment, a method is provided for prioritizing the transmission and process of GDT meter readings in an AMR system. In particular, the method includes capturing a GDT meter reading that quantifies the consumption of a utility service at a utility meter. Then, during a reporting window, one or more packets of the GDT meter reading having a data item that identifies the enhanced priority level of the data is transmitted from the utility meter. When a collector receives the transmission, the elevated priority allocated to the transmission is identified. As a result, the collector causes the GDT meter reading to be forwarded to a host computer prior to the processing and transmission of other meter readings. |
| US08436743B2 |
Method and apparatus for measuring a parameter within the well with a plug
A system for measuring a parameter within a well comprises a first and second apparatus. The first apparatus comprises a first reel of first wound optic fiber line (or fiber) able to be unwound from the first reel and at least a first sensor able to measure the parameter of the well, wherein information on the parameter can be transmitted through the first optic fiber. The second apparatus comprises a second reel of second wound optic fiber line able to be unwound from the second reel, an extremity of the second optic fiber being fixed to a reference point. A light transmitter or receiver device is linked to the reference point and able to generate or detect a light pulse through the second optic fiber line. Means to exchange the light pulse between first and second optic fiber line are also provided. |
| US08436741B2 |
Locating device
The invention is based on a locating device for locating objects in an item being investigated, said device having a basic body, a sensor unit for detecting a movement parameter when the basic body is moved relative to the item being investigated, an output unit and a control unit which, in conjunction with the output unit, is provided for the purpose of outputting an item of information on the basis of the movement parameter. It is proposed that the output unit has a light signal unit which is provided for the purpose of outputting the information using a light signal. |
| US08436740B2 |
Adapter and portable electronic device
An adapter and a portable electronic device which may contain the adapter are disclosed. The adapter may be detachably contained in a containing recess of the portable electronic device, and it includes a base, a first connecting end and a second connecting end. The first connecting end is disposed on the base, and the second connecting end and the first connecting end are electrically connected to each other. In addition, a containing recess is formed on a surface of the portable electronic device for containing the adapter. The portable electronic device may remind the user to put away the adapter into the containing recess. |
| US08436739B2 |
Electrical switching apparatus including a trip coil open circuit test circuit and system including the same
A circuit breaker includes separable contacts, an operating mechanism structured to open and close the separable contacts, and a trip circuit including a trip coil and a fault detector. The fault detector energizes the trip coil to cause the operating mechanism to open the separable contacts. A test circuit is structured to test the trip coil and determine an open circuit condition thereof. An annunciation circuit is structured to annunciate the open circuit condition of the trip coil. |
| US08436734B2 |
Label tape, label tape cartridge, and label producing apparatus
A tag label producing apparatus has a cartridge holder for setting a first roll configured by winding a base tape equipped with identification marks, which include marks formed by two black strips and arranged with a pitch 2Pp and marks formed by one black strip and arranged with the pitch 2Pp, at a plurality of portions, a feeding roller driving shaft that feeds the base tape supplied from the first roll attached to the cartridge holder a print head that makes a predetermined print on the base tape or a cover film to be bonded thereto, and a mark sensor that detects the identification mark on the base tape, and controls the feeding roller driving shaft and the print head in coordination with each other in accordance with the detection result of the identification mark by the mark sensor. |
| US08436732B2 |
Fiber bragg grating perimeter security system
A security system lays out a sensing optical fiber tautly at the perimeter of an area to be secured. The sensing optical fiber has at least one sensing Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) which is stretched when the sensing optical fiber is stretched by an intruder. The center wavelength of reflection of the stretched sensing FBG shifts towards longer wavelengths. The shifted center wavelength of reflection is detected using a reference FBG with a longer center wavelength of reflection. The sensing optical fiber has a loose buffer coating for isolating the sensing optical fiber and the sensing FBG from nuisance disturbances and noise such as vibrations caused by wind. Trip wires may be attached to the sensing optical fiber for enhancing intruder detection. A cut of the sensing optical fiber may be detected by monitoring the optical power exiting the far end of the sensing optical fiber. |
| US08436725B2 |
Tracking system with redundant security and retransmission features
System which is constituted by one or more positioning devices (2), one or more localizers (1), one or several communication networks and one or several control centers (3). The localizers (1) and the positioning devices (2) have two or more communication interfaces and two or more positioning systems. The positioning devices (2) can calculate the position through some of the positioning systems and send their position via one of the communication interfaces, avoiding inoperability if one of the positioning systems or one of the communication interfaces fails to work. The localizers can perform the function of nodes (4) and forward the data of the position of a positioning devices and make them reach the localizer which has requested that information. Both the positioning devices and the localizers are mobile units. The control centers can monitor the position of the positioning devices if necessary. |
| US08436721B1 |
Automobile theft protection and disablement system
A motor vehicle theft protection and disablement system that is safe, not easy to circumvent, and offers benefits to vehicle owners as an incentive for their participation. The system is for preventing vehicle theft and carjacking. The system comprises five elements, a motor vehicle, a programmable safety switch, a keypad transmitter, an automatic security switch, and at least one remote activation transmitter. |
| US08436712B1 |
Smart card apparatus
The card has a magnetic strip with pertinent information encoded by the issuer. The magnetic strip provides monetary transaction capability, facility access, security access, and privilege access so that the card can be encoded as desired by the issuer. The magnetic strip and CPU also include medical information of a user. The card also has a battery pack that is in communication with the internally housed transponder, CPU, and GPS capability. By way of the antenna, the transponder communicates with an existing GPS transponder. A distance limitation is encoded into the card. When the card exceeds the distance limitation, the existing transponder is alarmed. The existing GPS transponder receives location information from the card so that the card user can be recovered. |
| US08436711B2 |
Integrated gas discharge lamp and ignition transformer for an integrated gas discharge lamp
An ignition transformer (80) for generating an ignition voltage for a high-pressure gas discharge lamp (5) which has a high-pressure gas discharge lamp burner (50), comprising a ferrite core (81) and at least one primary winding (86) and at least one secondary winding (87), the at least one secondary winding (87) being formed from an insulated metal strip that is disposed on the ferrite core (81) in such a way that the end of the at least one secondary winding (87) that carries the high-voltage is disposed on the inside, wherein the ferrite core has the form of a film reel, and the secondary winding (87) is wound onto the ferrite core like a film. |
| US08436709B2 |
Galvanic isolators and coil transducers
Disclosed herein are various embodiments of coil transducers and galvanic isolators configured to provide high voltage isolation and high voltage breakdown performance characteristics in small packages. A coil transducer is provided across which data or power signals may be transmitted and received by primary and secondary coils disposed on opposing sides thereof without high voltage breakdowns occurring therebetween. At least portions of the coil transducer are formed of an electrically insulating, non-metallic, non-semiconductor, low dielectric loss material. Circuits are disclosed herein that permit high speed data signals to be transmitted through the coil transducer and faithfully and accurately reconstructed on the opposing side thereof. The coil transducer may be formed in a small package using, by way of example, printed circuit board, CMOS and other fabrication and packaging processes. |
| US08436708B2 |
Multilayer inductor and power converter comprising it
A multilayer inductor comprising a coil embedded in a magnetic portion, and a magnetic gap formed by a non-magnetic portion in part of a magnetic path, the magnetic portion being made of Ni ferrite, whose relative temperature coefficient αμir of initial permeability at a frequency of 1 MHz is more than +10 ppm/° C. and +40 ppm/° C. or less between −40° C. and +80° C., the non-magnetic portion being made of Zn ferrite containing more Zn than in the magnetic portion and having a Curie temperature Tc of −50° C. or lower, and the Zn content changing continuously in boundary regions between the non-magnetic portion and the magnetic portion, whereby the thickness of the magnetic gap changes with the temperature. |
| US08436705B2 |
Method of magnetizing magnetic encoder and magnetizing apparatus
A magnetic encoder magnetizing method, in which magnetization of the plural neighboring tracks of the magnetic encoder can be accurately performed, is provided. While an annular magnetic body having a plurality of annular, unmagnetized magnetic encoder tracks integral therewith and juxtaposed relative to each other is rotated, the tracks of the magnetic encoder are individually magnetized by a magnetizing head, made up of a magnetizing yoke and an exciting coil, to thereby provide the magnetic encoder. In the practice of this magnetizing method, when one of the tracks of the magnetic encoder is magnetized, the other track is covered with a magnetic shielding mask. |
| US08436702B2 |
Electromagnetic contactor unit
There is provided an electromagnetic contactor unit capable of firmly connecting electromagnetic contactors without influencing outer dimensions when the electromagnetic contactors are connected to each other. The electromagnetic contactor unit connected at least two juxtaposed electromagnetic contactors (2a, 2b) with a connection piece (42). The electromagnetic contactor includes an attachment hole (41a) formed in each corner of an attachment plate portion, a piece accommodation concave portion (43) fitting a half portion of the connection piece formed above the attachment hole and accommodating within an outer dimension, and is opened to a connection surface with the adjacent electromagnetic contactor, and a locking portion (44) locking the connection piece formed in the piece accommodation concave portion. The connection piece includes a pair of engagement protrusions (42b, 42c) which are individually engaged with the adjacent attachment holes of the juxtaposed electromagnetic contactors, and a locked portion (42k) locked by the locking portion. |
| US08436699B2 |
Semiconductor device and communication apparatus
A semiconductor device includes: a transmission line including a capacitor section and an inductor section arranged on a semiconductor substrate, and a junction of the semiconductor substrate and one of the capacitor section and the inductance section, wherein a transmission characteristic of the transmission line is determined by a voltage applied to the junction. |
| US08436698B2 |
MEMS-based tunable filter
A filter device is provided including a substrate (302) and a plurality of horizontal gap closing actuator (GCA) devices (550) disposed on a first surface of the substrate. The plurality of GCA devices includes and one or more GCA varactors (700). Each one of the plurality of horizontal GCA devices includes at least one drive comb structure (602a, 602b, 702a, 702b), at least one input/output (I/O) comb structure (616a, 676b, 716a, 716b), and at least one truss comb structure (604, 704) interdigitating the drive comb and the I/O comb structures. The truss comb structure is configured to move along a motion axis between at least a first interdigitated position and a second interdigitated position based on a bias voltage applied between the truss comb structure and the drive comb structure. |
| US08436689B2 |
Multiple phase voltage controlled oscillator including a resonant circuit and negative resistance circuit
A voltage controlled oscillator includes a resonant circuit including one or more transformers and a plurality of variable capacitor circuits connected in parallel to the one or more transformers and generating a plurality of oscillation signals having multiple phases, and a negative resistance circuit including a plurality of transistors cross-coupled via the one or more transformers and generating negative resistance for maintaining the oscillation of the resonant circuit. |
| US08436687B2 |
Oscillating apparatus
An oscillating apparatus includes: a transfer gate including a P-channel transistor and a N-channel transistor; a first inverter for inverting an output signal of the transfer gate and outputting the inverted output signal of the transfer gate; a second inverter for inverting the output signal of the first inverter and outputting the inverted output signal of the first inverter; a third inverter for inverting the output signal of the first inverter and outputting the inverted output signal of the first inverter; a fourth inverter for inverting the output signal of the third inverter and outputting the inverted output signal of the third inverter to an input-terminal of the transfer gate; a first capacitor connected between an output-terminal of the transfer gate and an output-terminal of the second inverter; and a second capacitor connected between the output-terminal of the transfer gate and a reference potential node. |
| US08436683B2 |
High efficiency audio amplifier
An audio amplifier circuit is described which comprises an operational amplifier. The operational amplifier receives an audio input signal and provides an output suitable for connecting a headphone, or a loudspeaker. A step-up converter is provided which supplies the operational amplifier. The audio amplifier is configured to operate in one of multiple operating modes, each of which uses a distinct supply voltage Vcc of the operational amplifier in the audio amplifier. Comparators are used to compare the output voltage of the operational amplifier with a first reference voltage to raise the supply voltage of the operational amplifier, if clipping is imminent. A second comparator is used to compare the output voltage of the operational amplifier with a second reference voltage, indicating that the supply voltage of the operational amplifier can be lowered without the risk of clipping. |
| US08436679B1 |
Low frequency notch filter integrated circuit
The low frequency notch filter integrated circuit is implemented in a relatively small silicon area and with high linearity, thereby promoting the utilization of very large-scale integration (VLSI) techniques in biomedical instrumentation. The filter circuit utilizes R-2R ladders providing area saving of approximately 120:1. R-2R ladders function as digitally programmable resistors in a biquad configured Operational Amplifier filter circuit. Integrator loop topologies are used in the filter circuit. The preferred topology utilizes a Tow-Thomas circuit, which can be designed for the prerequisite gain and Q independently selecting two resistors. In addition, the three op amps in the Tow-Thomas topology have their non-inverting input grounded, and therefore their inverting inputs will be held ideally at virtual ground. These feature permits the use of op amps with small common mode input range. |
| US08436678B1 |
Low leakage power management
A low leakage power management system is provided. An external voltage domain is selectively coupled to the internal voltage domain of an integrated circuit according to demand for the functions provided by the integrated circuit. An external voltage VDD is connected to the internal supply voltage plane of the integrated circuit when the integrated circuit is active. The external supply voltage VDD is disconnected from the integrated circuit chip during idle periods. A plurality of switch cells may be provided for connecting the external voltage VDD to the integrated circuit. A multi-step sequence is provided for connecting the external supply voltage VDD to the chip's internal supply voltage plane to prevent excessive current from flowing through any individual switch cell. |
| US08436669B2 |
Single-trigger low-energy flip-flop circuit
One embodiment of the present invention sets forth a technique for capturing and storing a level of an input signal using a single-trigger low-energy flip-flop circuit that is fully-static and insensitive to fabrication process variations. The single-trigger low-energy flip-flop circuit presents only three transistor gate loads to the clock signal and none of the internal nodes toggle when the input signal remains constant. The output signal Q is set or reset at the rising clock edge using a single-trigger sub-circuit. A set or reset may be armed while the clock signal is low, and the set or reset is triggered at the rising edge of the clock. |
| US08436665B2 |
Digital PLL circuit and clock generating method
A digital PLL circuit includes: a digital phase comparator to detect a phase difference between a master clock and a slave clock and output a phase difference detection value; a correction circuit to correct the phase difference detection value to a phase value in accordance with a comparison result between the phase difference detection value and a threshold; and a slave clock generation circuit to generate the slave clock in accordance with the phase value. |
| US08436656B2 |
Method and apparatus for saving power in an integrated circuit
Some embodiments provide an integrated circuit (‘IC’) that includes at least first and second circuits operating at a first voltage. The IC includes, between the first and second circuits, a direct connection comprising a third circuit for transmitting a signal from the first circuit to the second circuit at a second voltage that is lower than the first voltage. At least one of the first and second circuits is a configurable circuit for configurably performing operations. |
| US08436653B2 |
Low power multi-level signaling
Apparatus are disclosed, such as those involving a transmitter circuit that is configured to generate multi-level signals based on a plurality of data digits. One such transmitter circuit includes a signal output and an encoder configured to provide control signals based at least partially on the plurality of data digits. The transmitter circuit also includes a first set of switches configured to receive one or more of the control signals, and to selectively conduct a first or second voltage reference to the signal output. The transmitter circuit further includes first and second voltage drop circuits that provide third and fourth voltage references, respectively. The third and fourth voltage references have voltage levels between those of the first and second voltage references. The transmitter circuit also includes a second set of switches configured to receive one or more of the control signals, and selectively conduct the third or fourth voltage reference to the signal output. |
| US08436651B2 |
Command control circuit for semiconductor integrated device
A command control circuit of a semiconductor integrated device includes a plurality of latches sequentially connected and receiving a command signal, and a plurality of selection switches configured to pass or to interrupt the command signal inputted to each one of the plurality of latches. |
| US08436646B1 |
Reconfigurable logic block with user RAM
A programmable logic device includes logic blocks such as a logic array blocks (LAB) that can be configured as a random access memory (RAM) or as a lookup table (LUT). A mode flag is provided to indicate the mode of operation of configuration logic such as a configuration RAM (CRAM) used during partial reconfiguration of a logic block. If the mode flag indicates a design state, the configuration logic associated with the logic block is included in data verification and correction processes. If the mode flag indicates a user defined state, the configuration logic associated with the logic block is excluded from data verification and correction processes. Thus, exclusion and inclusion of portions of a region of configuration logic from data verification and correction processes allow a region of configuration logic to store both a design state and a user defined state without causing deleterious effects. |
| US08436638B2 |
Switch to perform non-destructive and secure disablement of IC functionality utilizing MEMS and method thereof
Structures and methods are provided for performing non-destructive and secure disablement of integrated circuit (IC) functionality. A structure for enabling non-destructive and secure disablement and re-enablement of the IC includes a micro-electrical mechanical structure (MEMS) initially set to a chip enable state. The structure also includes an activation circuit operable to set the MEMS device to an error state based on a detected predetermined condition of the IC. The IC is disabled when the MEMS device is in the error state. |
| US08436637B1 |
Noise-assisted reprogrammable nanomechanical logic gate and method
A nanomechanical device, operating as a reprogrammable logic gate, and performing fundamental logic functions such as AND/OR and NAND/NOR. The logic function can be programmed (e.g., from AND to OR) dynamically, by adjusting the operating parameters of the resonator. The device can access one of two stable steady states, according to a specific logic function; this operation is mediated by the noise floor which can be directly adjusted, or dynamically tuned via an adjustment of the underlying nonlinearity of the resonator, i.e., it is not necessary to have direct control over the noise floor. The demonstration of this reprogrammable nanomechanical logic gate affords a path to the practical realization of a new generation of mechanical computers. |
| US08436635B2 |
Semiconductor wafer having test modules including pin matrix selectable test devices
A semiconductor wafer includes a plurality of die areas including circuit elements, and at least one test module (TM) on the wafer outside the die areas. The TMs include a test circuit including plurality of test transistors arranged in a plurality of rows and columns. The plurality of test transistors include at least three terminals (G, S, D and B). The TMs each include a plurality of pads. The pads include a first plurality of locally shared first pads each coupled to respective ones of a first of the three terminals, a second plurality of locally shared second pads each coupled to respective ones of a second of the three terminals, and at least one of the plurality of pads coupled to a third of the three terminals. The TM provides at least 2 pin transistor selection for uniquely selecting from the plurality of test transistors for testing. |
| US08436633B2 |
Method to determine needle mark and program therefor
Disclosed is a method to determine a needle mark, which can more accurately determine whether marks formed on electrode pads of devices are probe needle marks, thereby significantly reducing misdetermination of the marks as the probe needle marks. The method includes giving scores, which are used to determine the quality of marks as probe needle marks, to marks formed on a plurality of electrode pads of a plurality of devices, and selecting, based on the scores, an object device including an object electrode pad with an indefinite mark formed thereon, and selecting four comparison devices preceding the object device and nine time-successive comparison devices following the object device at successive times along the test direction, and determining if the indefinite mark of the object device is good or bad as a probe needle mark, by comparing a value of the score given to the indefinite mark of the object device plus scores given to marks formed on the comparison devices' comparison electrode pads corresponding to the object electrode pad, with a reference value. |
| US08436632B2 |
System and method for optimizing LCD displays
A method and system for determining the Vcom for a liquid crystal display by using a light diffusing unit. |
| US08436623B2 |
Electromagnetic load circuit failure diagnosis device
A layer short-circuit of a switch element such as a FET included in an electromagnetic load circuit is detected to accurately perform a failure diagnosis of the electromagnetic load circuit. A failure diagnosis circuit 101 is provided which detects a layer short-circuit in which a high-side switch element, a low-side switch element, or an electromagnetic load itself short-circuits with a power supply voltage terminal or a ground in a state of having a predetermined impedance to perform a failure diagnosis. |
| US08436618B2 |
Magnetic field deflector in an induction resistivity tool
A downhole induction resistivity assembly comprises a mandrel. Disposed around the mandrel are coils of wire disposed circumferentially around magnetic field concentrators. The coils of wire and the magnetic field concentrators are disposed on an outer diameter of the mandrel. A magnetic field deflector, of magnetic permeability greater than the mandrel, is disposed intermediate the coils and the mandrel. |
| US08436614B2 |
Local coil arrangement for magnetic resonance applications with activatable marker
A local coil arrangement for magnetic resonance applications has a base body in which at least one local coil is arranged. An excitation signal to excite an examination subject to emit a magnetic resonance signal can be emitted by the local coil and/or a magnetic resonance signal emitted by the examination subject can be received by means of said local coil. At least one volume region is present in the base body, in which an amount of a substance is located that can be excited by means of the coil or another coil so as to emit a magnetic resonance signal. A shielding is arranged in the base body. The shielding can be controlled so as to either shield or not shield the volume region depending on the control state, so that the volume region is occluded or visible with regard to magnetic resonance applications. |
| US08436610B2 |
Perfusion adaptive blood proton spin tagged MR image data processing system
A system adaptively processes MR image data to accommodate variation in perfusion time of a vessel fluid. An MR image data acquisition device initiates acquisition of a first image set comprising multiple different individual images having a set of corresponding different physical slice locations through a patient anatomical volume and being acquired at a corresponding first set of times and in a first order relative to a time of blood tagging of a patient. The MR image data acquisition device initiates acquisition of a second image set comprising multiple different individual images having the set of corresponding different physical slice locations through the patient anatomical volume and being acquired at substantially the corresponding first set of times and in a second order, different to the first order, relative to the time of blood tagging of the patient. At least one computer combines and averages image data representing the same corresponding image slice in both the first and second image sets and acquired at different times relative to the time of blood tagging of the patient and sends the combined and averaged image data representing the same corresponding image slice to a destination. |
| US08436607B2 |
Monitoring of conveyor belts
A system for monitoring the condition of a conveyor belt having magnetically permeable cords, has a magnetic field generator for generating a magnetic field to magnetize the cords, in use, a magnetic field sensing unit for sensing the magnetic field provided, in use, by the cords, the sensing unit comprising an array of spaced magnetic field sensors, the spacing of the sensors being sufficiently close to discriminate between adjacent cords. The spacing of the sensors depends on the spacing of the cords, and may be less than half the spacing between cords of a conveyor belt. The sensors may be direction sensitive and the sensors may be oriented in more than one direction, to sense the perpendicular and other components of the magnetic field. |
| US08436606B2 |
Rotation detector
A rotation detector includes a first distance sensor disposed to face a rotating body with a gear portion formed non-parallel to a rotation axis for continuously measuring a distance from the gear portion during rotation of the rotating body, a second distance sensor disposed at a position different from the first distance sensor in a direction of the rotation axis for continuously measuring a distance from the gear portion during rotation of the rotating body, and an axis shift detecting portion for detecting an axis shift of the rotation axis based on a variation in the distance measured by at least one of the first and second distance sensors. |
| US08436601B2 |
DC-DC converter with automatic inductor detection for efficiency optimization
A DC-DC converter has high-side power and low-side power transistors connected in series between supply terminals, an inductor connected between the power transistors and an output terminal. A comparator compares the output voltage with a reference voltage. A detector detects when inductor current approaches zero. A timer is configured to determine a minimum ON time of the high-side power transistor optimized for a particular value inductor. A current detector detects current flow in the back-gate diode of the low-side power transistor. timer is configured to determine an overriding ON time in response to the back-gate current detector. Logic provides control signals to gate power transistors in response to the comparator and the longer one of the minimum ON time and the overriding ON time. The minimum ON time for the high-side power transistor is adjusted in response to the actual inductance of the inductor. |
| US08436599B2 |
Current mode digital control of the output voltage of a switching power supply
A method of controlling an output voltage of a pulse width modulation (PWM) converter with a PWM signal driving a power switch of the converter may include using a comparator to compare a reference voltage with a scaled output voltage of the converter, incrementing or decrementing an up/down counter at each pulse of a clock signal applied to the counter depending on a state of the comparator, and controlling the comparator to generate the PWM signal with a control voltage selected from a look-up table using a value of the counter. |
| US08436598B2 |
Output-voltage control device, output-voltage control method, and electronic apparatus
An output-voltage control device includes a comparator which generates a comparison result after a given time passes from first timing of a first periodic signal, the comparison result being obtained by comparing a difference between an output voltage and a reference voltage with the first periodic signal, a first signal generator which generates a timing control signal which is at a first level before the given time passes from the first timing and which changes from the first level to a second level in a period in which the comparator outputs the comparison result after the given time passes, and a second signal generator which generates a control signal for controlling the output voltage in accordance with the comparison result and the timing control signal. |
| US08436593B2 |
Wide input voltage range power factor correction circuit
A boost circuit is used for power factor correction (PFC). In a low power application, transition mode control is utilized. However, switching frequency varies with different input voltages, and over a wide input voltage range, the switching frequency can become too high to be practical. To address this issue, a boost circuit is provided whose effective inductance changes as a function of input voltage. By changing the inductance, control is exercised over switching frequency. |
| US08436590B2 |
Discharge circuit for smoothing capacitor of DC power supply
A discharge circuit for a DC power supply smoothing capacitor that is used in a power conversion device that supplies DC power via a switch to the DC power supply smoothing capacitor and an inverter, includes; a resistor that discharges charge in the capacitor; a switch connected in series with the resistor, that either passes or intercepts discharge current flowing from the capacitor to the resistor; a measurement circuit that measures a terminal voltage of the capacitor; and a control circuit that controls continuity and discontinuity of the switch; wherein the control circuit, after having made the switch continuous and starting discharge of the capacitor by the resistor, if a terminal voltage of the capacitor as measured by the measurement circuit exceeds a voltage decrease characteristic set in advance, makes the switch discontinuous and stops discharge by the resistor. |
| US08436588B2 |
Method of charging a battery array
The method of charging a battery array performs constant current, constant voltage charging of a battery array while detecting the voltage of each battery. The battery array is a plurality of series connected batteries. The charge method detects the voltage of each battery cell at a prescribed sampling rate. When the voltage of any battery cell exceeds a preset maximum specified voltage, charging power is reduced for constant current, constant voltage charging of the battery array. |
| US08436586B2 |
No drain power saver
A battery protection device for disconnecting a plurality of batteries from an inverter to avoid excessive discharge. The device comprises at least one battery connector for connecting to the plurality of batteries, at least one inverter cable for connecting to the inverter, and a plurality of wires for connecting to an AC input. The device gets activated when the AC input to the inverter cuts off and continuously monitors a voltage level of the batteries. Further, the device automatically disconnects the batteries from the inverter at a preset voltage level and shuts itself off to achieve a protection mode wherein the device does not draw any current to avoid further drainage of the batteries. A voltage level of the device is set above a preset voltage for recharging batteries and when the AC input is restored, the device reconnects the batteries to the inverter. |
| US08436584B2 |
Method and system for battery protection
A battery pack. The battery pack includes a housing, a plurality of terminals, a plurality of lithium-based battery cells, and a controller. The plurality of terminals electrically connect to an electrical device. The electrical device is able to support the battery pack. Each of the plurality of battery cells are individually tapped and have an individual state of charge. The plurality of terminals includes a sense terminal. The controller is operable to monitor a characteristic of each of the plurality of battery cells and to communicate the monitored characteristic of each of the plurality of battery cells to the electrical device via the sense terminal. |
| US08436582B2 |
Battery cell equalizer system
A method of operating a battery system includes a plurality of battery cells coupled in series. The plurality of cells includes at least three battery cells coupled in series. The method includes determining a cell with the greatest charge excess of the plurality of battery cells. The method further includes determining a cell with the greatest charge deficit of the plurality of battery cells. The method further includes discharging the cell with the greatest charge excess to charge, with a voltage converter, the cell with the greatest charge deficit. |
| US08436578B2 |
Apparatus for retention of battery in charger
A battery charger assembly includes an outer casing with a sleeve assembled therein having a cavity profiled to receive a battery alone, or a battery and its associated appliance. A cam-operated assembly includes a cam member which moves a gripper assembly into the cavity to grip the battery. In this manner, a battery and/or its appliance may be inserted into the charger, and used in automotive use without the battery and/or the appliance becoming discharged from the charger assembly. |
| US08436573B2 |
Power conversion device
A power conversion device includes a first inverter circuit and a second inverter circuit, a capacitor, and a microcomputer. The microcomputer switches a control operation, according to the steering state of a steering wheel, between a first state where a first duty center value is shifted to be lower than an output center value and a second duty center value is shifted to be higher than the output center value, and a second state where the first duty center value is shifted to be higher than the output center value and the second duty center value is shifted to be lower than the output center value. This can reduce a difference in heat loss between FETs while reducing the ripple current of the capacitor. |
| US08436570B2 |
Motor driving system, motor controller, and safety function expander
The motor driving system includes a driving state amount detector configured to detect a driving state amount, a motor control part configured to perform a power supply control, a higher control part capable of outputting a higher control command to the motor control part, and a safety requesting part that inputs a safety request signal to the motor control part. The motor control part includes a motor control circuit part that performs the power supply control, a mode selecting and executing part configured to select and execute either a first safety function mode or a second safety function mode, and a comparing and monitoring processing part that compares the driving state amount and a predetermined operation monitoring pattern, when the safety request signal is inputted. |
| US08436569B2 |
Alternating current machine with increased torque above and below rated speed for hybrid/electric propulsion systems
The machine in accordance with the present disclosure is an AC machine whose pole numbers can be switched (from pole p1 to pole p2), and whose number of series turns per phase N can be switched say from N0=Nrated to N1=N0/2. Furthermore, it employs an inverter so that the frequency can be changed from a low value (e.g., 5 Hz) to a high value (e.g., 200 Hz). Due to the combination of pole number and number of series turns switching/reconfiguration, a high torque at low speed (e.g., 0 rpm) and a high torque at high speed (e.g., 5,000 rpm) can be achieved, making mechanical gears obsolete. In addition, the output power of the motor can be increased at high speed in direct proportion to the speed increase. |
| US08436568B2 |
Motor drive apparatus and electric power steering system using the same
A motor drive apparatus includes a control circuit, which determines that a wire connecting a battery to a first power supply relay and a second power supply relay is broken, and not failure of the power supply relays, if power is not supplied to a motor from the power supply relays when the power supply relays are controlled to turn on. The location of failure can thus be specified accurately. It is only necessary in this case to replace the wire. The motor drive apparatus need not be disassembled or investigated in detail. Man-power for specifying the failure location can be reduced. |
| US08436565B2 |
Motor controller for tandem control
In position tandem control in which one movable member is driven by two motors, an output of the integral element of the velocity control unit in the control system for one motor is copied to the integral element of the velocity control unit in the control system for the other motor. A preload is added to a torque command output from each of the velocity control units in the motor control systems for two motors so that torques in mutually opposite directions are generated to suppress backlash between gears. |
| US08436563B2 |
Control unit and control method for permanent magnet synchronous motor
If magnitude relations between the output terminal voltage based on a DC negative terminal of the inverter and a threshold voltage that is a fixed value are compared, polarity thereof is changed at a predetermined rotor phase. The magnitude relation, for example, is detected by an inexpensive and simple apparatus such as a level shift circuit and a NOT circuit. The rotor phase of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is inferred on the basis of changes in the magnitude relation and if it is differentiated, a rotation speed is inferred. If the inferred values of the rotor phase and rotation speed are fed back to synchronous operation or vector control, the free-running permanent magnet synchronous motor is restarted. |
| US08436559B2 |
System and method for motor drive control pad and drive terminals
Embodiments of the invention provide a variable frequency drive system and a method of controlling a pump driven by a motor with the pump in fluid communication with a fluid system. The drive system and method can provide one or more of the following: a sleep mode, pipe break detection, a line fill mode, an automatic start mode, dry run protection, an electromagnetic interference filter compatible with a ground fault circuit interrupter, two-wire and three-wire and three-phase motor compatibility, a simple start-up process, automatic password protection, a pump out mode, digital input/output terminals, and removable input and output power terminal blocks. |
| US08436555B2 |
DC low voltage distribution box for indoor multi LEDs lamp
A low-voltage DC distribution board for indoor LED lighting with multiple LED lamps, comprises: a power converting module (2), arranged within a box casing (7) and connected with a power input port (1), the power converting module (2) including a set of output ports (3) with different output voltages; a set of selection switches (4) connected between the set of output ports of the power converting module (2) and a plurality of current regulators (5) which are connected to load connectors (6). |
| US08436553B2 |
Tri-light
A lighting arrangement includes a light fixture including a plurality of light sources wherein each light source is configured to generate a different color light when energized; and a circuit arrangement included in the light fixture and operatively interposed between the plurality of light sources and a source of electrical power. This circuit arrangement is responsive to brief interruptions in the supply of electrical power of less than a predetermined period to simultaneously de-energize all of the light sources for a full duration of the interruption and to subsequently toggle energization from one light source to the next and thereby produce different color light in response to the cessation of the brief interruption. |
| US08436551B2 |
Arc discharge detecting circuit, light source driving apparatus having the same and method of driving a light source using the same
An arc discharge detecting circuit includes; a voltage dividing part which divides a driving voltage provided to a light source, a detecting part which includes a loop-shaped wiring spaced apart from the voltage dividing part and which detects a current corresponding to an arc discharge flowing through the voltage dividing part using a coupling capacitance generated between the loop-shaped wiring of the detecting part and a wiring of the voltage dividing part, and an output part connected to the detecting part to output a detection voltage corresponding to the arc discharge. Accordingly, the arc discharge detecting circuit may improve a sensitivity of detecting an arc discharge as a current source type using the coupling capacitors, a design may be simplified, and manufacturing costs may be decreased. |
| US08436544B2 |
LED controller with de-flicker function and LED de-flicker circuit and method thereof
The present invention discloses an LED controller with de-flicker function and an LED de-flicker circuit and method thereof. The LED controller includes: a duty ratio calculation circuit for receiving a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal and generating a duty input signal, indicating a digital duty ratio of the PWM signal; an LED de-flicker circuit for receiving the duty input signal and generating a duty output signal wherein a noise in the duty input signal is filtered; and a dimming circuit for receiving the duty output signal and generating a dimming signal to control an LED circuit; wherein the duty output signal remains unchanged when the variation of the duty input signal is not larger than a hysteresis threshold, and the duty output signal follows the duty input signal when the variation of the duty input signal is larger than the hysteresis threshold. |
| US08436543B2 |
Plasma supply device
A plasma supply device generates an output power greater than 500 W at an essentially constant basic frequency greater than 3 MHz and powers a plasma process to which is supplied the generated output power, and from which reflected power is returned to the plasma supply device. The plasma supply device includes at least one inverter connected to a DC power supply, which inverter has at least one switching element, and an output network, wherein the at least one output network includes at least one inductance that has at least one magnetic field strengthening element that is a Perminvar ferrite. |
| US08436542B2 |
Integrated lighting system and method
System and method are provided where a plurality of luminaires, control switches, occupancy detectors, and photocells are connected to a central control module including a user interface which is used for setting up, testing, commissioning and maintaining the system; a memory card interface and associated memory card which can be used to load and save configuration data, update firmware, and log system operation. Lighting system can be set up and tested and then the configuration saved in a portable memory, such as on a memory card which can be transferred to another system where it is read to facilitate faster and easier configuring of the other system to parallel, or to be exactly like, the original system. Data stored on a portable memory can be automatically recognized to perform appropriate actions such as, for example: update configuration, or update firmware. Also provided is switching between different mutually exclusive lighting modes where the lighting of each mode is sequenced such that the second lighting mode is initiated before the first mode is terminated, resulting in a continuity of lighting in the controlled area. Other features include daylight harvesting control with multiple zone dimming and switching, programmable attack and decay dimming rates, the ability to return a system to its previous dimming level after the lights have been turned off, and the ability to start the controlled lights at full light level then dim down to the previous level to ensure the lighting ballast have sufficient voltage to start up. |
| US08436537B2 |
Substrate structure for plasma display panel, method of manufacturing the substrate structure, and plasma display panel including the substrate structure
A substrate structure for a plasma display panel (PDP), a method of manufacturing a PDP substrate structure of the PDP, and a PDP including the PDP substrate are provided. The PDP substrate structure includes a substrate, an electrode on the substrate and including a first layer and a second layer, the second layer including an aluminum (Al) material, the first layer being between the substrate and the second layer and including a conductive material, the first layer having lower specific resistance than that of the second layer; and a light absorbable layer on the substrate. The light absorbable layer is an oxidization product of the conductive material of the first layer. |
| US08436536B2 |
Vehicle discharge lamp, vehicle discharge lamp device, lighting circuit combined type vehicle discharge lamp device, and lighting circuit
A mercury-free vehicle discharge lamp is described as including a discharge space with electrodes, wherein a spherical length b, which is a length in a tube axial direction of the light emitting part is 7.5 mm to 8.5 mm and a thickness volume V of the light emitting part is 50 mm3 to 100 mm3, and wherein the following formula is satisfied: −20≦(a−35)×5.5+(x−13.5)×10 +(1.85−t)×100+(2.5−d)×100≦20, a: power W supplied in a stable lighting time, x: pressure [atm] of rare gas sealed in the discharge space ranging 10˜17 atm, t: thickness [mm] of a part where a wall with maximum thickness and ranging 1.30˜1.85 mm, and d: inner diameter [mm] of a part where the wall with maximum thickness. |
| US08436534B2 |
Surface light-emitting apparatus and method of manufacturing the same
A surface light-emitting apparatus for emitting light from an entire surface thereof includes a framework having a predetermined shape and an LED disposed in the framework. A reflective layer is applied on an inner surface of the framework. The reflective layer can reflect light emitted from the LED. The apparatus includes a dispersing layer containing a multiplicity of diffuse-reflective particles operable to transmit at least a portion of the light emitted by the LED within the framework and diffuse-reflect at least a portion of the light along contact surfaces contacting each other. The apparatus includes a finishing layer including a light-transmitting resin disposed on the dispersing layer. The light emitted by the LED is dispersed and emitted through the diffuse-reflective particles. |
| US08436533B2 |
Hybrid layers for use in coatings on electronic devices or other articles
A method for forming a coating over a surface is disclosed. The method comprises depositing over a surface, a hybrid layer comprising a mixture of a polymeric material and a non-polymeric material. The hybrid layer may have a single phase or comprise multiple phases. The hybrid layer is formed by chemical vapor deposition using a single source of precursor material. The chemical vapor deposition process may be plasma-enhanced and may be performed using a reactant gas. The precursor material may be an organo-silicon compound, such as a siloxane. The hybrid layer may comprise various types of polymeric materials, such as silicone polymers, and various types of non-polymeric materials, such as silicon oxides. By varying the reaction conditions, the wt % ratio of polymeric material to non-polymeric material may be adjusted. The hybrid layer may have various characteristics suitable for use with organic light-emitting devices, such as optical transparency, impermeability, and/or flexibility. |
| US08436532B2 |
Lighting device with plural light emitting elements
It is an object of the present invention to provide a light emitting device which is less affected by a malfunction caused in a light emitting element. It is another object of the invention to provide a light emitting device in which light emitting elements are connected in series. As to a light emitting device of the invention, groups of circuits each having a light emitting element and a limiter are connected in parallel. Here, a light emitting element and a limiter are connected in series. The number of the circuits may be at least two or more. Further, each circuit group includes at least one light emitting element. |
| US08436531B2 |
Lighting device having plural light emitting layers with carrier generation layer therebetween
It is an object of the present invention to provide a light emitting device which is less affected by a malfunction caused in a light emitting element. It is another object of the invention to provide a light emitting device in which light emitting elements are connected in series. As to a light emitting device of the invention, groups of circuits each having a light emitting element and a limiter are connected in parallel. Here, a light emitting element and a limiter are connected in series. The number of the circuits may be at least two or more. Further, each circuit group includes at least one light emitting element. |
| US08436529B2 |
Organic light emitting display and method of manufacturing the same
An organic light emitting display includes: an organic light emitting display panel including a display unit; pixel power source out lead bonding (OLB) pads located on first through fourth external side edges of the display unit to supply a pixel power to the display unit; pixel power source lines coupled to the pixel power source OLB pads to provide the pixel power to the display unit; pixel power supply flexible printed circuit boards bonded to the pixel power source OLB pads; signal OLB pads located on at least one external side edge among the first through fourth external side edges to supply a plurality of driving signals to the display unit; signal lines coupled to the signal OLB pads to provide the driving signals to the display unit; and tape carrier packages mounted with driving ICs and bonded to the signal OLB pads. |
| US08436528B2 |
Organic electronic device structures and fabrication methods
An organic electronic device structure, the structure comprising: a substrate; a base layer supported by said substrate and defining the base of a well for solvent-based deposition of organic electronic material; one or more spacer layers formed over said base layer; a bank layer formed over said spacer layer to define a side of said well; and wherein an edge of said well adjacent said base layer is undercut to define a shelf over said base layer, said shelf defining a recess to receive said organic electronic material. |
| US08436526B2 |
Multiwavelength solid-state lamps with an enhanced number of rendered colors
The current invention discloses polychromatic sources of white light, which are composed of at least two groups of colored emitters, such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are disclosed. Based on a novel approach of the assessment of quality of white light using 1269 test color samples from the enhanced Munsell palette, the spectral compositions of white light composed of two to five (or more) narrow-band emissions with the highest number of colors relevant to human vision rendered almost indistinguishably from a blackbody radiator are introduced. An embodiment of the current invention can be used, in particular, for designing polychromatic sources of white light with the ultimate quality capable of rendering of all colors of the real world. |
| US08436525B2 |
Phosphor, production method thereof and light emitting instrument
A light emitting element includes a light-emitting source for emitting light at a wavelength of 330 to 500 nm and a constituent phosphor. The constituent phosphor includes a compound including M, A, Al, O, and N, where M is at least one kind of element selected from Mn, Ce, Nd, Sm, Eu, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, and Yb, and A is at least one kind of element selected from C, Si, Ge, Sn, B, Ga, In, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Sc, Y, La, Gd, Lu, Ti, Zr, Hf, Ta, and W. |
| US08436522B2 |
Carbon nanotube slurry and field emission device
A carbon nanotube slurry consists of carbon nanotubes, glass powder, and organic carrier. The field emission device includes an insulative substrate, a cathode conductive layer, and an electron emission layer. The cathode conductive layer is located on a surface of the insulative substrate. The electron emission layer is located on a surface of the cathode conductive layer. The electron emission layer consists of a glass layer and a plurality of carbon nanotubes electrically connected to the cathode conductive layer. |
| US08436520B2 |
Electrode material for use with a spark plug
A spark plug for an internal combustion engine has a center electrode, a ground electrode or both that includes an electrode material that is a Pt-based alloy. The electrode material may include platinum (Pt), at least one active element like aluminum (Al) or silicon (Si), and at least one high-melting point element such as ruthenium (Ru), iridium (Ir), tungsten (W), molybdenum (Mo), rhenium (Re), tantalum (Ta), niobium (Nb), chromium (Cr), or a combination thereof. In at least some of the disclosed alloys, the aluminum (Al) and/or silicon (Si) contributes to the formation of a thin protective oxide layer on a surface of the electrode material. |
| US08436517B2 |
Light bulb
A light bulb includes an enclosure, a heat-dissipating unit, and a lamp unit. The enclosure extends along an axis, and defines an inner space therein. The heat-dissipating unit includes a hollow first heat-dissipating element disposed in the inner space, a second heat-dissipating element surrounded by the first heat-dissipating element and extending along the axial direction, and an end heat-dissipating element mounted to the second heat-dissipating element at a distal end thereof. The lamp unit includes a first circuit board disposed at a periphery of the first heat-dissipating element, a second circuit board mounted on the end heat-dissipating element, and a plurality of light-emitting elements mounted on the first and second circuit boards for emitting light beams. |
| US08436515B2 |
Piezoelectric vibrator having a piezoelectric vibrating strip and a bonding film with laser irradiation marks
Provide a highly efficient manufacturing method of a piezoelectric vibrator and to provide a piezoelectric vibrator manufactured by this manufacturing method. A method for manufacturing a piezoelectric vibrator 1 including: a base board 2 and a lid board 3 which are superimposed on each other so as to form a cavity therebetween; a piezoelectric vibrating reed 4 which is accommodated in the cavity and bonded to the base board; a bonding film 35 which is formed on the entire surface of the lid board on the opposite side to the base board so as to bond both boards to each other at a portion thereof being in contact with the base board, wherein the piezoelectric vibrating reed includes a pair of vibrating arms 10 and 11 and a weight metal film 21 formed on a tip end of each of the vibrating arms, wherein the bonding film is formed of a material which is capable of absorbing surrounding gas by being activated with laser irradiation, and wherein the method includes a laser irradiation step of simultaneously irradiating the weight metal film and the bonding film with a laser beam. |
| US08436511B2 |
Spherical surface acoustic wave apparatus
A spherical surface acoustic wave apparatus includes a surface acoustic wave propagation substrate which has a surface acoustic wave circulation path on an outer surface thereof. The path is configured to be annular and continuous using at least a part of a spherical shape, and is able to be excited to generate surface acoustic wave and allows the excited surface acoustic wave to propagate and circulate therein in its annular and continuous direction. The apparatus further includes a substrate support which supports a region of the outer surface of the substrate, the region excluding the circulation path, and a support for a surface acoustic wave excitation/detection unit, which supports an elastic member supporting the excitation/detection unit, which makes the excitation/detection unit being in contact with the circulation path of the outer surface of the substrate through the elastic member, and which elastically deforms the elastic member. |
| US08436506B2 |
Electric motor assemblies and systems and methods associated with joining wires of electric motor assemblies
A stator for an electric motor includes a stator coil including a wire pair with respective ends that are joined with a ring. The ring is positioned around the wire pair and joined to the wire pair by a metal joining process. |
| US08436502B2 |
Electric motor with sealing means
A housing of an electric motor is fitted with an oil seal having the function of sealing an output shaft (rotary shaft) of the motor. The housing is provided with a hole for motor airtightness testing communicating with an internal space of the motor. A local or annular projection configured to close the hole for motor airtightness testing, thereby maintaining the airtightness of the internal space of the electric motor, is disposed on that surface of the oil seal which faces the housing. |
| US08436494B2 |
Touch sensor device and touch sensor program
A touch sensor device comprises: a touch sensor 1 for sending out an output voltage signal S1 representing the presence or absence of an operation; an operation presence/absence determination unit 2 which, when the output voltage signal has a value equal to or more than a predetermined threshold value, determines that the operation has occurred; a stability determination unit 5 for detecting whether a differential signal S3 representing a differential value obtained by differentiating the output voltage signal is limited within a predetermined range or not; and a count-up timer 4 which, when a period during which the differential signal is limited within the predetermined range becomes a predetermined time period or longer on the premise that the output voltage signal has the value equal to or more than the predetermined threshold value, sends out an ON determination signal S5 and allows an external device 7 to operate. |
| US08436492B2 |
Non-contact power transmission apparatus
A non-contact power transmission apparatus accurately determines the kind of object that is placed on the charging deck of the non-contact power transmission apparatus, and, only when a non-contact power receiving apparatus is placed on the power transmission apparatus, allows power transmission and data communication to take place, thereby accurately determining the state of the receiver side and efficiently controlling the transmission of power. In the power transmission apparatus, the power supplied to the non-contact power receiving apparatus is measured, and the output power of the wireless power signal output from two different cores is controlled, thereby allowing the charging operation to be stably conducted even if the non-contact power receiving apparatus is moved anywhere on the power transmission apparatus. The power transmission apparatus improves both the reliability of operation of the non-contact charging system, and the competitiveness of related products, such as portable terminals, battery packs and the like. |
| US08436490B2 |
Wind mill power flow control with dump load and power converter
A wind mill apparatus for generating electric power to a grid point of an electric network. The apparatus includes a wind rotor, an electric generator operatively connected to the wind rotor, and an electric multiphase ac link operatively connecting the generator to the grid point. The ac link includes a first current path including a switchgear, a second current path including a dc link including a first converter operatively connected to the generator, a second converter operatively connected to the grid point, and a capacitor operatively connected between the conductors of the dc link. The ac link further includes a connectable multiphase dump load for blocking during a fault condition on the network the reactive power flow in the ac link, yet providing a reduced transfer of active power. |
| US08436477B2 |
Stub minimization using duplicate sets of signal terminals in assemblies without wirebonds to package substrate
A microelectronic package can include a microelectronic element having a face and a plurality of element contacts thereon, a substrate having first and second surfaces, and terminals on the second surface configured for connecting the package with an external component. The microelectronic element can include a plurality of stacked electrically interconnected semiconductor chips. The substrate can have contacts facing the element contacts of the microelectronic element and joined thereto. The terminals can include first terminals arranged at positions within first and second parallel grids. The first terminals of each grid can be configured to carry address information usable by circuitry within the microelectronic package to determine an addressable memory location from among all the available addressable memory locations within the microelectronic element. The signal assignments of the first terminals in the first grid can be a mirror image of the signal assignments of the first terminals in the second grid. |
| US08436473B2 |
Integrated circuits including air gaps around interconnect structures, and fabrication methods thereof
An integrated circuit includes an interconnect structure at least partially disposed in at least one opening of a dielectric layer that is disposed over a substrate. At least one air gap is disposed between the dielectric layer and the interconnect structure. At least one first liner material is disposed under the at least one air gap. At least one second liner material is disposed around the interconnect structure. The at least one first liner material is disposed between the dielectric layer and at least one second liner material. |
| US08436469B2 |
Semiconductor device
A semiconductor device, includes a substrate, a multi-layer wiring layer formed on the substrate, and including a signal line and ground lines extending above the signal line, one of the ground lines extending toward a direction in a predetermined layer and another one of the ground lines extending from the one of the ground lines toward another direction in the predetermined layer, a first pad on the multi-layer wiring layer, a redistribution layer formed on the multi-layer wiring layer, including a second pad, a redistribution line coupling the first and second pads, and an insulation film covering the redistribution line, the redistribution line extending above the ground lines along the one of the ground lines and not extending along the another one of the ground lines. The insulation film includes a hole exposing the second pad above an end portion of the one of the ground lines. |
| US08436463B2 |
Packaging substrate structure with electronic component embedded therein and method for manufacture of the same
A packaging substrate structure with an electronic component embedded therein and a fabricating method thereof are disclosed. The packaging substrate structure comprises a core plate; a first built-up structure disposed on a surface of the core plate and comprising a first dielectric layer and a first circuit layer disposed on the first dielectric layer; a second built-up structure disposed on the first built-up structure, wherein a cavity is disposed in the second built-up structure to expose the first built-up structure; an electronic component disposed in the cavity, wherein the electronic component has an active surface having a plurality of electrode pads and an inactive surface facing the first built-up structure; and a solder mask disposed on the surfaces of the second built-up structure and the electronic component, and having a plurality of first openings to expose the electrode pads of the electronic component. |
| US08436459B2 |
Power semiconductor module
A wiring process between the provided power semiconductor module and the external circuit is simple. In the power semiconductor module, a power semiconductor element and a cylindrical conductor are joined to one surface of a lead frame. An opening of the cylindrical conductor is exposed at a surface of transfer molding resin. Sealing with the transfer molding resin is performed such that terminal portions of the lead frame protrude from peripheral side portions of the transfer molding resin. The cylindrical conductor is conductive with a control circuit. The terminal portions of the lead frame are each conductive with a main circuit. |
| US08436456B2 |
Wiring board, semiconductor device and method for manufacturing semiconductor device
A wiring board (10) of the present invention includes: a through hole (11b), provided in a semiconductor chip mounted region (15), penetrating the wiring board (10); and a groove pattern (13), provided on a solder resist (9) formed on the semiconductor chip mounted region (15), leading to the through hole (11b). The foregoing configuration makes it possible to guide, via the groove pattern (13) to the through hole (11b), moisture that collects in the semiconductor chip mounted region (15) and therefore to effectively discharge the moisture from the semiconductor chip mounted region (15). Thus, a semiconductor device (30) that employs the wiring board (10) does not suffer from vaporization and expansion, inside of it, due to heat that is applied at the time of manufacturing the semiconductor device (30) and at the time of mounting the semiconductor device (30) on a mount substrate. It is therefore possible to reduce expansion of the semiconductor device. |
| US08436454B2 |
Reprogrammable circuit board with alignment-insensitive support for multiple component contact types
The present invention is directed to a system that programmably interconnects integrated circuit chips and other components at near-intra-chip density. The system's contact structure allows it to adapt to components with a wide variety of contact spacings and interconnection requirements, the use of releasable attachment means allows component placement to be modified as needed, the system identifies the contacts and the components to facilitate specifying the inter-component connections, and the system provides signal conditioning and retiming to minimize issues with signal integrity and signal skew. |
| US08436453B2 |
Micromechanical device lubrication
The present application is directed to a reservoir for use with a micro-electromechanical device having a first surface area to be lubricant. The reservoir comprises a solid component with a porous structure having a second surface area. The second surface area is greater than the first surface area. The reservoir also comprises a lubricant capable of reversibly reacting with either the solid component or the first surface area of the micro-electromechanical device. |
| US08436449B2 |
Chip package and method for fabricating the same
A method for fabricating chip package includes providing a semiconductor chip with a bonding pad, comprising an adhesion/barrier layer, connected to a pad through an opening in a passivation layer, next adhering the semiconductor chip to a substrate using a glue material, next bonding a wire to the bonding pad and to the substrate, forming a polymer material on the substrate, covering the semiconductor chip and the wire, next forming a lead-free solder ball on the substrate, and then cutting the substrate and polymer material to form a chip package. |
| US08436445B2 |
Method of manufacture of sodium doped CIGS/CIGSS absorber layers for high efficiency photovoltaic devices
A method for processing a thin-film absorber material with enhanced photovoltaic efficiency includes forming a barrier layer on a soda lime glass substrate followed by formation of a stack structure of precursor layers. The method further includes subjecting the soda-lime glass substrate with the stack structure to a thermal treatment process with at least H2Se gas species at a temperature above 400° C. to cause formation of an absorber material. By positioning the substrates close together, during the process sodium from an adjoining substrate in the furnace also is incorporated into the absorber layer. |
| US08436443B2 |
Backside depletion for backside illuminated image sensors
A backside illuminated image sensor is provided which includes a substrate having a front side and a backside, a sensor formed in the substrate at the front side, the sensor including at least a photodiode, and a depletion region formed in the substrate at the backside, a depth of the depletion region is less than 20% of a thickness of the substrate. |
| US08436442B2 |
Electromagnetic wave detecting element
The present invention is to provide an electromagnetic wave detecting element that can prevent a decrease in light utilization efficiency at sensor portions. The sensor portions are provided so as to correspond to respective intersection portions of scan lines and signal lines, and have semiconductor layer that generate charges due to electromagnetic waves being irradiated, and at whose electromagnetic wave irradiation surface sides upper electrodes are formed, and at whose electromagnetic wave non-irradiation surface sides lower electrodes are formed. Bias voltage is supplied to the respective upper electrodes via respective contact holes by a common electrode line that is formed further toward an electromagnetic wave downstream side than the semiconductor layer. |
| US08436440B2 |
Method for forming a back-side illuminated image sensor
A method for manufacturing a back-side illuminated image sensor, including the steps of: forming, inside and on top of an SOI-type silicon layer, components for trapping and transferring photogenerated carriers and isolation regions; forming a stack of interconnection levels on the silicon layer and attaching, on the interconnect stack, a semiconductor handle; removing the semiconductor support; forming, in the insulating layer and the silicon layer, trenches reaching the isolation regions; depositing a doped amorphous silicon layer, more heavily doped than the silicon layer, at least on the walls and the bottom of the trenches and having the amorphous silicon layer crystallize; and filling the trenches with a reflective material. |
| US08436439B2 |
Semiconductor device and method of forming a shielding layer over a semiconductor die after forming a build-up interconnect structure
A semiconductor device is made by forming an interconnect structure over a substrate. A semiconductor die is mounted to the interconnect structure. The semiconductor die is electrically connected to the interconnect structure. A ground pad is formed over the interconnect structure. An encapsulant is formed over the semiconductor die and interconnect structure. A shielding cage can be formed over the semiconductor die prior to forming the encapsulant. A shielding layer is formed over the encapsulant after forming the interconnect structure to isolate the semiconductor die with respect to inter-device interference. The shielding layer conforms to a geometry of the encapsulant and electrically connects to the ground pad. The shielding layer can be electrically connected to ground through a conductive pillar. A backside interconnect structure is formed over the interconnect structure, opposite the semiconductor die. |
| US08436435B2 |
MEMS capacitive microphone
The present invention discloses an MEMS capacitive microphone including a rigid diaphragm arranged on an elastic element. When a sound wave acts on the rigid diaphragm, the rigid diaphragm is moved parallel to a normal of a back plate by elasticity of the elastic element. Thereby the variation of the capacitance is obtained between the rigid diaphragm and the back plate. |
| US08436434B2 |
Micromechanical component
A micromechanical component includes: a substrate having a multitude of trench structures which separate a first and a second mass element of the substrate from a web element of the substrate, in such a way that the first and second mass elements enclose the web element along an extension direction of the main surface of the substrate and are disposed to allow movement relative to the substrate in the direction of a surface normal of the main surface; a first electrode layer applied on the main surface of the substrate and forms a first electrode on the web element between the first and second mass elements; and a second electrode layer applied on the first and second mass elements and forming a self-supporting second electrode above the first electrode in the area of the web element, the first and second electrode forming a capacitance. |
| US08436433B1 |
Unattached contained semiconductor devices
An unattached, contained semiconductor device includes a semiconductor die, for example a MEMS pressure sensor die. The semiconductor die is unattached from the interior cavity of a surrounding containment body in that the semiconductor die is free of adherence to the containment body to mitigate packaging stress and strain between the containment body and the semiconductor die. |
| US08436431B2 |
Semiconductor device including gate and three conductor electrodes
An object is to provide a field effect transistor (FET) having a conductor-semiconductor junction, which has excellent characteristics, which can be manufactured through an easy process, or which enables high integration. Owing to the junction between a semiconductor layer and a conductor having a work function lower than the electron affinity of the semiconductor layer, a region into which carriers are injected from the conductor is formed in the semiconductor layer. Such a region is used as an offset region of the FET or a resistor of a semiconductor circuit such as an inverter. Further, in the case of setting up such an offset region and a resistor in one semiconductor layer, an integrated semiconductor device can be manufactured. |
| US08436430B2 |
Diodes with embedded dummy gate electrodes
A circuit structure includes a first isolation region, and a first dummy gate electrode over and vertically overlapping the first isolation region. First pickup regions of a diode are formed on opposite sides of the first isolation region, wherein sidewalls of the first pickup regions contact opposite sidewalls of the first isolation region. Second pickup regions of the diode are formed on opposite sides of a combined region of the first pickup regions and the first isolation region, wherein the first and the second pickup regions are of opposite conductive types. A well region is under the first and the second pickup regions and the first isolation region, wherein the well region is of a same conductivity type as the second pickup regions. |
| US08436422B2 |
Tunneling field-effect transistor with direct tunneling for enhanced tunneling current
Horizontal and vertical tunneling field-effect transistors (TFETs) having an abrupt junction between source and drain regions increases probability of direct tunneling of carriers (e.g., electrons and holes). The increased probability allows a higher achievable on current in TFETs having the abrupt junction. The abrupt junction may be formed by placement of a dielectric layer or a dielectric layer and a semiconductor layer in a current path between the source and drain regions. The dielectric layer may be a low permittivity oxide such as silicon oxide, lanthanum oxide, zirconium oxide, or aluminum oxide. |
| US08436419B2 |
Semiconductor device with high-breakdown-voltage transistor
A semiconductor device includes a high-breakdown-voltage transistor having a semiconductor layer. The semiconductor layer has an element portion and a wiring portion. The element portion has a first wiring on a front side of the semiconductor layer and a backside electrode on a back side of the semiconductor layer. The element portion is configured as a vertical transistor that causes an electric current to flow in a thickness direction of the semiconductor layer between the first wiring and the backside electrode. The backside electrode is elongated to the wiring portion. The wiring portion has a second wiring on the front side of the semiconductor layer. The wiring portion and the backside electrode provide a pulling wire that allows the electric current to flow to the second wiring. |
| US08436414B2 |
Non-volatile semiconductor stacked memory device having two semiconductor pillars in a through hole and method for manufacturing same
A nonvolatile semiconductor memory device includes: a semiconductor substrate; a stacked body provided on the semiconductor substrate, the stacked body having electrode films and insulating films being alternately stacked; a first and second semiconductor pillars; and a first and second charge storage layers. The first and second semiconductor pillars are provided inside a through hole penetrating through the stacked body in a stacking direction of the stacked body. The through hole has a cross section of an oblate circle, when cutting in a direction perpendicular to the stacking direction. The first and second semiconductor pillars face each other in a major axis direction of the first oblate circle. The first and second semiconductor pillars extend in the stacking direction. The first and second charge storage layers are provided between the electrode film and the first and second semiconductor pillars, respectively. |
| US08436409B2 |
Semiconductor device
In a semiconductor device of the invention, a semiconductor pillar configuring a vertical MOS transistor has an upper pillar having a first width and a lower pillar having a second width. A side surface of the upper pillar is covered with a second insulation film and a third insulation film and the lower pillar is covered with a first insulation film, which is a gate insulation film, from a side surface thereof to the second insulation film. A gate electrode is insulated from an upper conductive layer by the second and third insulation films. |
| US08436408B2 |
Semiconductor device with decoupling capacitor design
An integrated circuit includes a circuit module having a plurality of active components coupled between a pair of supply nodes, and a capacitive decoupling module coupled to the circuit module. The capacitive decoupling module includes a plurality of metal-insulator-metal (MiM) capacitors coupled in series between the pair of supply nodes, wherein a voltage between the supply nodes is divided across the plurality of MiM capacitors, thereby reducing voltage stress on the capacitors. |
| US08436406B2 |
Solid-state image sensing device and camera system using the same
A solid-state image sensing device includes a plurality of pixels. Each pixel has a photodiode, a first transistor, and a second transistor. The photodiode is constituted by a first-conductivity-type semiconductor region and a second-conductivity-type semiconductor region. The first and second conductivity types are opposite to each other. The first transistor has a first-conductivity-type drain region formed in the second-conductivity-type semiconductor region to transfer signal charge to the drain region. The second transistor has a source region and a drain region which are formed in the second-conductivity-type semiconductor region and which have the first conductivity type. At least one second-conductivity-type potential barrier is provided under the drain region of the first transistor and the source region and/or the drain region of the second transistor. |
| US08436405B2 |
ROM cell circuit for FinFET devices
The present disclosure provides a read only memory (ROM) cell array. The ROM cell array includes a plurality of fin active regions oriented in a first direction and formed on a semiconductor substrate; a plurality of gates formed on the plurality of fin active regions and oriented in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction; and a plurality of ROM cells formed by the plurality of fin active regions and the plurality of gates, the plurality of ROM cells being coded such that each cell of a first subset of ROM cells has a source electrically connected to a power line, and each cell of a second subset of ROM cells has a source electrically isolated. |
| US08436403B2 |
Semiconductor device including transistor provided with sidewall and electronic appliance
One object is to provide a semiconductor device that includes an oxide semiconductor and is reduced in size with favorable characteristics maintained. The semiconductor device includes an oxide semiconductor layer, a source electrode and a drain electrode in contact with the oxide semiconductor layer, a gate electrode overlapping with the oxide semiconductor layer; and a gate insulating layer between the oxide semiconductor layer and the gate electrode. The source electrode or the drain electrode includes a first conductive layer and a second conductive layer having a region extended in a channel length direction from an end face of the first conductive layer. The sidewall insulating layer has a length of a bottom surface in the channel length direction smaller than a length in the channel length direction of the extended region of the second conductive layer and is provided over the extended region. |
| US08436399B2 |
Semiconductor device
A semiconductor device according to the present invention includes a substrate; a nitride semiconductor layer formed above the substrate and having a laminated structure including at least three layers; a heterojunction bipolar transistor formed in a region of the nitride semiconductor layer; and a field-effect transistor formed in a region of the nitride semiconductor layer, the region being different from the region in which the heterojunction bipolar transistor is formed. |
| US08436394B2 |
Luminescence diode chip
A luminescence diode chip includes a semiconductor layer sequence having an active layer suitable for generating electromagnetic radiation, and a first electrical connection layer, which touches and makes electrically conductive contact with the semiconductor layer sequence. The first electrical connection layer touches and makes contact with the semiconductor layer sequence in particular with a plurality of contact areas. In the case of the luminescence diode chip, an inhomogeneous current density distribution or current distribution is set in a targeted manner in the semiconductor layer sequence by means of an inhomogeneous distribution of an area density of the contact areas along a main plane of extent of the semiconductor layer sequence. |
| US08436392B2 |
Light emitting diode package and manufacturing method thereof
A light emitting diode package comprises a substrate with a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other, a circuit on the substrate, a support on the substrate for reinforcing strength of the substrate, a plurality of light emitting diodes on the substrate and electrically connected to the circuit, and a cover layer on the plurality of light emitting diodes. A method for manufacturing a light-emitting diode package is further provided. |
| US08436391B2 |
Leadframe package for light emitting diode device
An LED leadframe package with surface tension function to enable the production of LED package with convex lens shape by using dispensing method is disclosed. The LED leadframe package of the invention is a PPA supported package house for LED packaging with metal base, four identical metal electrodes, and PPA plastic to fix the metal electrodes and the heat dissipation base together, four ring-alike structures with a sharp edge and with a tilted inner surface, and three ring-alike grooves formed between sharp edge ring-alike structures. |
| US08436390B2 |
Light-emitting device and display device
There has been a problem that difference in refractive index between an opposite substrate or a moisture barrier layer provided thereover, and air is maintained large, and light extraction efficiency is low. Further, there has been a problem that peeling or cracking due to the moisture barrier layer is easily generated, which leads to deteriorate the reliability and lifetime of a light-emitting element. A light-emitting element comprises a pixel electrode, an electroluminescent layer, a transparent electrode, a passivation film, a stress relieving layer, and a low refractive index layer, all of which are stacked sequentially. The stress relieving layer serves to prevent peeling of the passivation film. The low refractive index layer serves to reduce reflectivity of light generated in the electroluminescent layer in emitting to air. Therefore, a light-emitting element with high reliability and long lifetime and a display device using the light-emitting element can be provided. |
| US08436383B2 |
Light emitting device, light emitting device package, and lighting system
Disclosed are a light emitting device and a light emitting device package. The light emitting device includes a first conductive type semiconductor layer including P-type dopants and having a plurality of holes, an electrode connected to the first conductive type semiconductor layer, an active layer under the first conductive type semiconductor layer, a second conductive type semiconductor layer under the active layer, and an electrode layer under the second conductive type semiconductor layer. |
| US08436382B2 |
Oscillation device
An oscillation device for oscillating a terahertz wave includes a substrate, an active layer which is provided on an upper portion of the substrate and which generates a terahertz wave by intersubband transition of carrier, and a luminous layer which is provided on an upper portion of the substrate and which generates light by interband transition of carrier. In addition, the luminous layer is arranged at a position at which the light generated in the luminous layer can radiate on the active layer. |
| US08436378B2 |
Semiconductor light emitting device and method for manufacturing same
According to one embodiment, a semiconductor light emitting device includes a semiconductor layer, a first electrode, a second electrode, an insulating film, a first interconnection, a second interconnection, a first metal pillar, a second metal pillar, a resin, and a fluorescent layer. The semiconductor layer has a first major surface, a second major surface formed on an opposite side to the first major surface, and a light emitting layer. The first electrode and the second electrode are provided on the second major surface of the semiconductor layer. The fluorescent layer faces to the first major surface of the semiconductor layer and includes a plurality of kinds of fluorescent materials having different peak wavelengths of emission light. |
| US08436375B2 |
Light illuminating device
To reliably keep an LED board and a heat conductive member in close contact to improve the heat-dissipation efficiency and to reliably position an LED and an optical element, such as a lens part, arranged in a housing are a slim LED board, the housing that has an accommodating concave part to house the LED board, a heat conductive member that is arranged between the LED board and the accommodating concave part, a pressing member that has the lens part and that presses a long side edge part of the LED board against a bottom surface of the accommodating concave part of the housing, a securing mechanism for securing the LED board, the heat conductive member and the pressing member to the housing, and a positioning mechanism for positioning the lens part relative to the LED. |
| US08436370B2 |
Optical modulator with pixelization patterns
Provided is an optical modulator having pixelization patterns. The optical modulator includes an optical-electric (O-E) conversion element converting input optical images to current signals using the photoelectric effect, and an electric-optical (E-O) conversion element that emits light using the current signals transferred from the O-E conversion element. Trenches are formed from at least a surface of the optical modulator to a predetermined depth in the optical modulator so as to block or reduce electrical interference between pixels when the electric signals are transferred from the O-E conversion element to the E-O conversion element. |
| US08436365B2 |
SiC semiconductor device having Schottky barrier diode and method for manufacturing the same
A SiC semiconductor device having a Schottky barrier diode includes: a substrate made of SiC and having a first conductive type, wherein the substrate includes a main surface and a rear surface; a drift layer made of SiC and having the first conductive type, wherein the drift layer is disposed on the main surface of the substrate and has an impurity concentration lower than the substrate; a Schottky electrode disposed on the drift layer and has a Schottky contact with a surface of the drift layer; and an ohmic electrode disposed on the rear surface of the substrate. The Schottky electrode directly contacts the drift layer in such a manner that a lattice of the Schottky electrode is matched with a lattice of the drift layer. |
| US08436361B2 |
Schottky diode structure and method for fabricating the same
A Schottky diode structure and a method for fabricating the same, which are based on the principle of charge compensation, wherein a P-type gallium nitride layer is added to a Schottky diode structure, and wherein the PN junction of the P-type gallium nitride layer and the N-type gallium nitride layer decreases the non-uniformity of the surface electric field distribution, whereby the breakdown voltage of the element is raised. |
| US08436358B2 |
Image display device and manufacturing method thereof
Provided is an image display device including thin film transistors on a substrate, including: gate lines and drain lines intersecting the gate lines, each thin film transistor having, in a channel region, a laminate structure in which a gate electrode, a gate insulating film, and a semiconductor layer are laminated in the stated order from the substrate side; and a pair of removal regions in which parts of the gate insulating film are removed, which are formed on both sides of the gate electrode and formed in a channel width direction of the channel region, in which when W represents a width of the gate electrode in the channel width direction of the channel region, and R represents a width of the gate insulating film in the channel width direction, which is sandwiched between the pair of removal regions, R≧W is satisfied. |
| US08436357B2 |
Organic light emitting diode display and manufacturing method thereof
Making an OLED display, includes forming a first storage plate and a gate insulating layer covering the first storage plate on a substrate; sequentially forming a second storage plate covering the first storage plate and a capacitor intermediate in the gate insulating layer; forming a first doping region by injecting an impurity to a part that is not covered by the capacitor intermediate in the first storage plate; forming an interlayer insulating layer having a capacitor opening exposing the capacitor intermediate, and a plurality of erosion preventing layers on an edge of the capacitor intermediate toward the first doping region in the capacitor opening; removing the capacitor intermediate including the erosion preventing layer and a lower region of the erosion preventing layer, and injecting an impurity in the first storage plate through the second storage plate to form a second doping region contacting the first doping region. |
| US08436352B2 |
Semiconductor integrated circuit
Whether there is a defect such as chipping of a die or separation of a resin in a wafer level package is electrically detected. A peripheral wiring is disposed along four peripheries of a semiconductor substrate outside a circuit region and pad electrodes P1-P8. The peripheral wiring is formed on the semiconductor substrate and is made of a metal layer that is the same layer as or an upper layer of a metal layer forming the pad electrodes P1-P8, or a polysilicon layer. A power supply electric potential Vcc is applied to a first end of the peripheral wiring, while a ground electric potential Vss is applied to a second end of the peripheral wiring through a resistor R2. A detection circuit is connected to a connecting node N1 between the peripheral wiring and the resistor R2, and is structured to generate an anomaly detection signal ERRFLG based on an electric potential at the connecting node N1. |
| US08436350B2 |
Semiconductor device using an oxide semiconductor with a plurality of metal clusters
In forming a thin film transistor, an oxide semiconductor layer is used and a cluster containing a titanium compound whose electrical conductance is higher than that of the oxide semiconductor layer is formed between the oxide semiconductor layer and a gate insulating layer. |
| US08436348B2 |
Organic EL display panel, organic EL display device having the same, and method for manufacturing organic EL display panel
An organic EL display panel includes a wiring layer, a planarizing film above the wiring layer, and a plurality of light-emitting cells in a row. A pair of first banks are above the planarizing film to delimit lateral surfaces of the light-emitting cells. The planarizing film includes a plurality of recesses that are each formed between adjacent ones of the light-emitting cells and extend between the first banks. A plurality of organic light-emitting layers are each in one of the light-emitting cells between the pair of first banks. A plurality of second banks are connected to the first banks, and each comprise a same material as the first banks. Each of the second banks is above one of the recesses and has a shape that conforms to a profile of the one of the recesses so that the second banks are lower in height than the first banks. |
| US08436344B2 |
Organic electroluminescent device
Disclosed is an organic electroluminescent device including a substrate, a first and a second electrode, and an emitting layer formed between the first electrode and the second electrode. The emitting layer includes a plurality of materials which is a blue emitting material using a following chemical formula as dopant. In this case, at least one of A1 and A2 is selected from a substituted or non-substituted aromatic group, a heterocyclic group, an aliphatic group, and hydrogen. |
| US08436343B2 |
Organic EL device
An organic EL device includes: an anode (3); a cathode (4); and an organic thin-film layer (5) provided between the anode (3) and the cathode (4). The organic thin-film layer (5) includes: a fluorescent-emitting layer (51) containing a fluorescent host and a blue fluorescent dopant; a red phosphorescent-emitting layer (52) containing a red phosphorescent host and a red phosphorescent dopant; and a green phosphorescent-emitting layer (53) containing a green phosphorescent host and a green phosphorescent dopant. The red phosphorescent dopant emits light mainly by receiving transfer of triplet energy from the fluorescent host. The green phosphorescent dopant emits light mainly by recombination of charges within the green phosphorescent-emitting layer. |
| US08436340B2 |
Cross-point cell nanoarray with anisotropic active organic layer
A cross-point cell nanoarray comprises a mechanical support substrate, first and second orders of uniformly spaced parallel electrodes separated by an electrically active organic film and orthogonally arranged to form an array of cross-point cells, individually addressable by biasing the respective opposite electrodes, by selecting them among those of the respective orders, over a planar area of the substrate. The active organic resin layer includes a block copolymer of a major component resin and of at least one different minor component resin, configured to promote formation of large-scale ordered nanostructures through phase segregation, due to block incompatibility and self-assembly properties of the blocks. Polymeric bocks of the ordered nanostructures configured to sequester conductive nanoparticles and/or conductive nanoparticle clusters originally dispersed in the component organic resins, subtracting them from the surrounding matrix copolymer. Preferential electric current paths across the thickness of the active organic layer at cross-over points are thus created. |
| US08436339B2 |
Gate insulating film forming agent for thin-film transistor
There is provided a novel gate insulating film forming material in consideration of not only initial electric properties immediately after the production of a gate insulating film, but also electric properties after other steps are performed while producing a thin-film transistor using the gate insulating film, and even reliability in the electric properties of the produced element. A gate insulating film forming agent for a thin-film transistor comprising an oligomer compound or a polymer compound, both of which contain a repeating unit having a triazinetrione ring containing a hydroxyalkyl-containing group as a substituent on a nitrogen atom, and a solvent; a gate insulating film produced from the gate insulating film forming agent; a thin-film transistor having the gate insulating film; and a method for producing the gate insulating film or thin-film transistor. |
| US08436338B2 |
Molecular electronic device fabrication methods and structures
This invention generally relates to improved methods of fabricating molecular electronic devices, in particular organic electronic devices such as organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) by droplet deposition techniques such as ink jet printing. The invention also relates to molecular device substrates fabricated by and/or use in such methods.We describe an optical or optoelectronic device comprising a substrate and a plurality of discrete bank structures disposed on the substrate, wherein: each bank structure defines the perimeter of at least one well; one or more of a charge transporting, charge injecting, light-filtering and light-emitting material is disposed in the well; and at least one bank structure defines the perimeter of at least one well and does not extend to the perimeter of any adjacent well. Thus in embodiments no part of said perimeter defines the bank of more than one well. |
| US08436335B2 |
Detecting element, detecting device, and oxygen concentration test device
Provided is a detecting element that detects a parameter for a predetermined gas or liquid in a surrounding atmosphere by being excited by excitation light and generating light corresponding to the surrounding atmosphere, the detecting element including: a substrate; and nanoscale crystal structures formed on the substrate and constituted by a compound semiconductor light emitting element having a heterostructure well layer, wherein when the nanoscale crystal structures adsorb atoms or molecules of the predetermined gas or liquid, there is distortion of a band of a structure with a smaller bandgap width in the well layer, this distortion brings about a change in transition energy, and this change brings about a change in at least one of an intensity and a wavelength of light generated by the well layer, thereby indicating the parameter for the gas or the liquid. |
| US08436334B2 |
Fabrication of phosphor free red and white nitride-based LEDs
A multiple quantum well (MQW) structure for a light emitting diode and a method for fabricating a MQW structure for a light emitting diode are provided. The MQW structure comprises a plurality of quantum well structures, each quantum well structure comprising: a barrier layer; and a well layer having quantum dot nanostructures embedded therein formed on the barrier layer, the barrier and the well layer comprising a first metal-nitride based material; wherein at least one of the quantum well structures further comprises a capping layer formed on the well layer, the capping layer comprising a second metal-nitride based material having a different metal element compared to the first metal-nitride based material. |
| US08436329B2 |
System and method for fluid sample analysis having a laser with a port for controlling access to an extended cavity
A LASER based system for analysis of fluids utilizing frequency shift analysis. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the liquid for analysis is reduced to a gaseous state so that it can be injected into an extended LASER cavity, so as to detect minute frequency shifts caused by the various gases in the cavity via sensors associated with the cavity. The present invention thereby provides stable detection system, with microprocessor-based electronics, which can be used to provide analyses of the gases, and thus the input liquids and its markers. |
| US08436327B2 |
Multi-field charged particle cancer therapy method and apparatus
The invention relates to treatment of solid cancers. More particularly, the invention relates to a combined rotation/raster method, referred to as multi-field charged particle cancer therapy. The system uses a fixed orientation proton source relative to a rotating patient to yield tumor irradiation from multiple directions. The system combines layer-wise tumor irradiation from many directions with controlled energy proton irradiation to deliver peak proton beam energy within a selected tumor volume or irradiated slice. Optionally, the selected tumor volume for irradiation from a given angle is a distal portion of the tumor. In this manner ingress Bragg peak energy is circumferentially spread about the tumor minimizing damage to healthy tissue and peak proton energy is efficiently, accurately, and precisely delivered to the tumor. |
| US08436321B2 |
Optical background suppression systems and methods for fluorescence imaging
A fluorescence imaging system having an enclosure having an optical excitation and detection system and features designed to suppress or reduce background fluorescence. In certain aspects, all or a portion of the interior walls has a material finish and texture that provides a surface that absorbs at least a portion of any impinging excitation light and which has low auto-fluorescing properties. In certain aspects, a baffle structure is provided on the interior of the structure and is configured to mask portions of the interior and reduce the opening through which light impinges on the detector. In certain aspects, a platform having an optically transparent window is located in the interior of the housing structure for holding a sample for excitation by excitation light from an excitation source, wherein a light-trap structure is positioned or located on an opposite side of the platform relative to the excitation source and configured to receive and contain a substantial portion of any scattered or transmitted excitation light. |
| US08436317B1 |
Wien filter
This invention provides a multi-pole type Wien filter, which acts more purely approaching its fundamentally expected performance. A 12-electrode electric device acts as an electric deflector, or acts as an electric deflector and an electric stigmator together. A cylindrical 4-coil magnetic device with a magnetic core acts as a magnetic deflector. Both can produce a dipole field while only incurring a negligibly-small 3rd order field harmonic. The magnetic core enhances the strength and more preciously regulates the distribution of the magnetic field originally generated by the coils. Then two ways to construct a Wien filter are proposed. One way is based on both of the foregoing electric and magnetic devices, and the other way is based on the foregoing electric device and a conventional magnetic deflector. The astigmatism in each of such Wien filters can be compensated by the electric stigmator of the electric device. |
| US08436315B1 |
Compact thermal neutron monitor
A thermal neutron monitor includes at least one neutron scintillator sheet interposed between light guides. Scintillation light emitted in opposite transverse directions is captured by the light guides and conveyed to a common detector. The sandwiched geometry of the monitor avoids the need to provide multiple detectors and permits construction of a relatively inexpensive, compact monitor. |
| US08436308B2 |
Multilayer image sensor
An image sensor is provided which includes a multilayer structure having a first light receiving unit to extract a signal corresponding to color information of incident light of a visible region and a second light receiving unit to extract a signal corresponding to light of an infrared region and white light corresponding to the visible region. |
| US08436305B1 |
Infrared radiation sensing device using a carbon nanotube and polymer composition and method of making the same
Infrared radiation detecting and sensing systems and devices using carbon nanotubes and polymers and methods to making the same. In illustrative embodiments of the invention, it includes a substrate, a suspended carbon nanotube fabric and polymer, first and second conducting interconnects each in electrical communication with the nanotube polymer fabric. Nanotube/polymer fabrics can be modified to increase the temperature coefficient of resistance to increase sensitivity to IR radiation. |
| US08436304B2 |
Infrared light transmissivity for a membrane sensor
In conventional membrane infrared (IR) sensors, little to no attention has been paid toward transmissivity of IR near metal traces. Here, because the substrate of an integrated circuit carrying the sensor is used as a visible light filter, reflection of IR radiation back into the substrate can affect the operation and reliability of the IR sensor. As a result, an arrangement is provided that reduces the area occupied by metal lines by reducing the pitch and compacting the routing so as to reduce the effects from the reflection of IR radiation by metal traces. |
| US08436303B2 |
Transmission electron microscope micro-grid
A transmission electron microscope (TEM) micro-grid includes a grid and a heater including at least one carbon nanotube film structure located on the grid. The micro-grid with the at least one carbon nanotube film structure prevents a floating of the sample located on the micro-grid to increase the quality of TEM images. |
| US08436302B2 |
Phase-shifting element and particle beam device having a phase-shifting element
A phase-shifting element for shifting a phase of at least a portion of a particle beam is described, as well as a particle beam device having a phase-shifting element of this type. In the phase-shifting element and the particle beam device having a phase-shifting element, components shadowing the particle beam are avoided, so that proper information content is achieved and in which the phase contrast is essentially spatial frequency-independent. The phase-shifting element may have at least one means for generating a non-homogeneous or anisotropic potential. The particle beam device according to the system described herein may be provided with the phase-shifting element. |
| US08436300B2 |
Method for characterisation of dielectric layers by ultraviolet photo-emission spectroscopy
The electron affinity of thick dielectrics, of thickness greater than 10 nanometers, is measured by applying a polarization voltage varying between −4V and −40V, for example, and by taking several measuring points to determine a reference value of the photo-emission threshold (ES), applying linear regression to an adjustment straight line (10) linking the measured thresholds (11) to the respective values of the square root of the voltage V. |
| US08436299B2 |
Detection apparatus
An ion mobility spectrometer has a pair of electrodes and midway along the drift chamber. A high field is applied between the electrodes and sufficient to modify ions in the region of thee electrodes such that they move at a different rate towards the collector plate. This is used to modify the time of flight of selected ions or ion clusters and enable identification of ambiguous peaks on the IMS spectrum. |
| US08436288B2 |
Image sensors with photo-current mode and solar cell operation
A photo-current mode of operation is disclosed for Full Frame CCDs, and Frame-Transfer CCDs, that is suitable for electrical power generation, when not in operation for image sensing, and for Interline-Transfer CCDs, that is suitable for image sensing, and also suitable electrical power generation, when not in operation for image sensing. Further, CMOS Image Sensors (CIS), including 1T Passive Pixels, or 1T Avalanche Photo-Diode Pixels, in which all pass transistors in the matrix are turned ON simultaneously thereby allowing the photo-current produced by each photo-diode in each pixel to flow towards the periphery where suitable circuitry will handle the photo-current for electrical power generation and/or storage. Also, CMOS Image Sensors (CIS), including any Active Pixel Sensor (APS) design, such as the 3T, or 3T Log, or 4T, or 5T, wherein each column-parallel VDD line connecting the Reset Transistors, or the Log Transistors, in a single column of pixels, to column-parallel circuitry at the edge of the pixel matrix, is connected through multiple pass transistors, to different column-parallel blocks of circuitry that are selected alternatively, and that include (1) a VDD voltage source for standard image sensing operation, (2) a block of circuitry suitable to handle photo-current signals for image sensing purposes, and (3) a block of circuitry that is suitable to handle photo-current for electrical power generation and/or storage purposes. |
| US08436287B2 |
System and/or method for reading, measuring and/or controlling intensity of light emitted from an LED
A system and/or a method read, measure and/or control intensity of light emitted from a light-emitting diode (LED). A light detector may be located in a position adjacent to the LED for reading and/or measuring the intensity of light emitted from the LED. The LED and the light detector may be located in a cavity which may limit exposure of the LED and the light detector to ambient light. The cavity may have an aperture for allowing light emitted from the LED to exit the chamber to illuminate an environment in which the chamber is located. The aperture may be located between the cavity and a compartment, and the LED may emit light through the aperture into the compartment. An additional detector may be located in the compartment and/or may extend from the cavity through an additional aperture into the compartment. |
| US08436286B2 |
Imager module optical focus and assembly method
An imager apparatus and methods are described. An embodiment of an imager module includes a plurality of groups of optical lenses, a lens frame, and at least one associated lens barrel configured to position and hold the plurality of groups of optical lenses. At least one of the groups of optical lenses is movable with respect to at least one other group of optical lenses for achieving optical focus. The imager module includes an integrated circuit (IC) imager die in proximity to the plurality of lenses, the imager die containing at least one image capture microelectronic device. |
| US08436285B2 |
Projectile that includes a fin adjustment mechanism with changing backlash
Some embodiments pertain to a projectile that includes a casing and at least one fin that extends from the casing. The projectile further includes a drive inside the casing and an adjustment mechanism inside the casing. The adjustment mechanism includes a first gear that engages the drive and a second gear that engages the fin and the first gear. The second gear includes teeth that are different distances from an axis of rotation of the second gear. The teeth of the second gear that engage the first gear may be the farthest from the axis of rotation of the second gear when the fin is aligned with a flight axis of the projectile. The engaging teeth of the second gear get closer to the axis of rotation of the second gear as the fin is maneuvered away from the flight axis of the projectile. |
| US08436284B1 |
Cavity flow shock oscillation damping mechanism
A pressure oscillation damping mechanism comprises a cavity having an entrance exposed to fluid flowing on an exterior of the cavity. The damping mechanism may include a constriction positioned adjacent to the entrance and being sized to dampen an amplitude of the pressure oscillations occurring within the cavity. |
| US08436283B1 |
System and method for guiding and controlling a missile using high order sliding mode control
Higher Order Sliding Mode (HOSM) control techniques are applied to the Guidance Control (G&C) of interceptor missile in which velocity may be steered by combination of main thrust, aerodynamic lift and lateral on-off divert thrusters, and attitude may be steered by continuous or on-off actuators. Methods include the pointing of the seeker, its associated estimation processes, a guidance law that uses concurrent divert mechanisms, and an attitude autopilot. The insensitivity of the controller to matched disturbances allows the concurrent usage of the divert mechanisms without adverse effect on the accuracy. The controller also allows the de-coupling of the control of roll, pitch and yaw channels, and usage quaternions to represent body attitude and it provides control perfect robustness. While it conceivable to design separately the components of the G&C method, it is widely accepted that designing them in an integrated fashion usually produces a better result. |
| US08436281B2 |
Food heaters with removable rollers
Food heating devices and methods of removing one or more rollers from food heating devices are disclosed herein. An embodiment of a food heating device configured in accordance with the present disclosure includes a base structure, a food rotating system, a food heating system, and a plurality of rollers. One end of a roller can be left unsupported, either by separating a sidewall of the base structure or by separating an insert from the sidewall. In turn, an opposite end of the roller can be disconnected from the food rotating system, and the roller can be displaced axially with respect to the food heating system, which remains fixed relative to base structure. Accordingly, the roller(s) can be removed, cleaned separately, and subsequently reinstalled or replaced with respect to the base structure. |
| US08436274B2 |
Hand shield system and method for welding
A hand-held shield for welding. The shield includes a rigid metal frame for receiving a user's gloved hand. A substantially rectangular plate is detachably engaged over the rigid metal frame forming a shield to cover and protect the user's gloved hands from slags, molten flames and the like that are typically encountered during welding operations. |
| US08436268B1 |
Method of and apparatus for type and color sorting of cullet
A system for sorting a mixed stream of colors and types of cullet into separate groups of cullet with similar color and type includes a source for transmitting light through a cullet, and a camera having a plurality of pixels for receiving light transmitted through the cullet or detecting the absence of light blocked by an opaque contaminant, the camera providing at least one value from the light received, wherein the cullet moves along a designated path based in part on the at least one value. The system further includes a radiation source for irradiating a cullet with selected spectral ranges of radiation, and a sensor for determining characteristics of one or more selected spectral ranges of fluorescent radiation emitted by the cullet, wherein the cullet moves along a designated path based in part on the characteristics of the one or more selected spectral ranges of fluorescent radiation. The camera and the sensor collect the received light at desired sampling intervals and a circuit converts the output of the camera and the sensor into digital representation values. The circuit calculates a non-linear function from the digital representation values. An electrostatic or fluid driving actuator directs the cullet along a deflected path based on a value of the non-linear function. A vibratory feeder provides the cullet onto a conveyer belt having an exit roller of a desired diameter. |
| US08436266B2 |
Electronic apparatus
An electronic apparatus includes a circuit board with a changeover switch and a housing having two surfaces extending in parallel and a side surface connecting edges of the two surfaces, holding the circuit board with a space between the circuit board and the housing and having an opening for operation at a portion which faces the changeover switch. A housed part at a position between one side of the circuit board and the side surface of the housing, prevents the changeover switch from being visually recognized through the opening. An operation member includes an operation piece placed outside the side surface of the housing to receive a slide operation, and an operation arm extends inside the housing from the operation piece through the opening, bypassing the housed part to come in contact with the changeover switch. The changeover switch is switchable when the operation piece receives the slide operation. |
| US08436262B2 |
Detecting method for touch panel
A detecting method for a touch panel includes providing a sensing matrix having a plurality of sensing units; detecting sensing data generated from the sensing unit and defining the sensing unit as a touch point or a non-touch point based on the sensing data; and grouping at least a portion of the touch points to form a touch point group, wherein projection of a touch point overlaps a projection of at least one touch point of the touch point group in one of a row direction and a column direction while adjacent to a projection in the other direction of at least one touch point of the touch point group; retrieving extreme positions of the touch point group in the row direction and the column direction; and determining a touch center position based on the extreme positions in the row direction and the column direction. |
| US08436260B2 |
Coil retention assembly for electronic assembly
An assembly for retaining a coil wire assembly in the pocket of an electronic assembly such as, for example, a sensor. The retaining assembly comprises a cover which is snap-fitted over the pocket to retain and prevent the movement of the coil assembly in the pocket. In one embodiment, the ends of the coil wire assembly are retained in respective grooves formed in the cover and also in respective grooves formed in respective terminals which extend into the pocket. |
| US08436252B2 |
Printed wiring board and method for manufacturing the same
A printed wiring board includes a first insulation layer, a first conductive circuit formed on the first insulation layer, a second insulation layer formed on the first insulation layer and the first conductive circuit and having an opening portion reaching the first conductive circuit, a second conductive circuit formed on the second insulation layer, and a via conductor formed in the opening portion and connecting the first conductive circuit and the second conductive circuit. The via conductor is formed an inner-wall surface of the opening portion and has a seed layer including a nitride compound and/or a carbide compound containing Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta or Si and a plated-metal film formed in the opening portion, and the plated-metal film and the first conductive circuit have at least portions making direct contact. |
| US08436251B2 |
Ribbon connecting electrical components
Articles and methods of manufacture are provided for using laser energy in an automated bonding machine to effect laser welding of ribbons to electronic components, particularly conductive ribbons comprising titanium for microelectronic circuits. Bonding and connection of microelectronic circuits with discrete heating avoids heat damage to peripheral microelectronic components. Bonding of flexible materials and low-resistance materials are possible, and are less dependant on substrate and terminal stability in comparison to other bonding methods. The ribbon-connections can forgo the use of blocks, bond pads, and bond pad arrays for attaching ribbon to a printed wiring board. Profile height of the ribbon-connection is decreased and the density of ribbons and bonding sites can be increased compared to ribbon-connections employing bonding pads. |
| US08436250B2 |
Metal core circuit element mounting board
A circuit device of the present invention includes a wiring board 45, and circuit elements such as semiconductor elements 32 mounted on the wiring board 45. The wiring board 45 includes: a conductive pattern 12, which is a metal core layer; a first insulating layer 14 and a second insulating layer 16 respectively covering an upper surface and a lower surface of the conductive pattern 12; and a first wiring layer 18 and a second wiring layer 20 formed respectively on an upper surface of the first insulating layer 14 and a lower surface of the second insulating layer 16. The conductive pattern 12 is made of rolled metal. With this configuration, the thermal resistance of the conductive pattern 12, which is the metal core, is reduced, and the thermal dissipation of the entire device can be improved. |
| US08436248B2 |
Electrical component
An electrical component that includes a substrate that includes at least one electrical circuit is described herein. The electrical component also includes a heat sink in an aperture through the substrate. |
| US08436245B2 |
Expandable cableway for aircraft with a structure made of composite material
Device for holding the cables of an aircraft onto the structure of the said aircraft, the said device having substantially the shape of a first trunking element, forming a basic trunking element, comprising means for coupling to the aircraft structure that are positioned on the side of its bottom and arranged to receive at least one cable running along the structure of the said aircraft and to provide an electrical continuity over the whole of its length, characterized in that the said basic trunking element comprises first attachment means capable of interacting with corresponding attachment means of a second trunking element, forming a lateral extension trunking element. |
| US08436241B2 |
Beat enhancement device, sound output device, electronic apparatus and method of outputting beats
In a sound output device, a sound input unit acquires a sound signal reproduced by a reproduction device. A beat extractor extracts a beat component of the sound signal based on a spectrogram, and generates a beat waveform having information of a beat timing and a beat intensity. An output signal generator amplifies the sound signal with the beat waveform being a gain, using the beat timing and beat intensity which the beat waveform has. A sound output unit outputs the beat enhanced sound signal as a sound by performing D/A conversion on the beat enhanced sound signal. |
| US08436236B1 |
Maize variety hybrid X08A209
A novel maize variety designated X08A209 and seed, plants and plant parts thereof, produced by crossing Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. proprietary inbred maize varieties. Methods for producing a maize plant that comprises crossing hybrid maize variety X08A209 with another maize plant. Methods for producing a maize plant containing in its genetic material one or more traits introgressed into X08A209 through backcross conversion and/or transformation, and to the maize seed, plant and plant part produced thereby. This invention relates to the maize variety X08A209, the seed, the plant produced from the seed, and variants, mutants, and minor modifications of maize variety X08A209. This invention further relates to methods for producing maize varieties derived from maize variety X08A209. |
| US08436233B1 |
Soybean cultivar 05121531
A soybean cultivar designated 05121531 is disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of soybean cultivar 05121531, to the plants of soybean cultivar 05121531, to the plant parts of soybean cultivar 05121531, and to methods for producing progeny of soybean cultivar 05121531. The invention also relates to methods for producing a soybean plant containing in its genetic material one or more transgenes and to the transgenic soybean plants and plant parts produced by those methods. The invention also relates to soybean cultivars or breeding cultivars, and plant parts derived from soybean cultivar 05121531. The invention also relates to methods for producing other soybean cultivars, lines, or plant parts derived from soybean cultivar 05121531, and to the soybean plants, varieties, and their parts derived from use of those methods. The invention further relates to hybrid soybean seeds, plants, and plant parts produced by crossing cultivar 05121531 with another soybean cultivar. |
| US08436232B1 |
Soybean cultivar 12133031
A soybean cultivar designated 12133031 is disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of soybean cultivar 12133031, to the plants of soybean cultivar 12133031, to the plant parts of soybean cultivar 12133031, and to methods for producing progeny of soybean cultivar 12133031. The invention also relates to methods for producing a soybean plant containing in its genetic material one or more transgenes and to the transgenic soybean plants and plant parts produced by those methods. The invention also relates to soybean cultivars or breeding cultivars, and plant parts derived from soybean cultivar 12133031. The invention also relates to methods for producing other soybean cultivars, lines, or plant parts derived from soybean cultivar 12133031, and to the soybean plants, varieties, and their parts derived from use of those methods. The invention further relates to hybrid soybean seeds, plants, and plant parts produced by crossing cultivar 12133031 with another soybean cultivar. |
| US08436230B1 |
Soybean variety XB55V11
A novel soybean variety, designated XB55V11 is provided. Also provided are the seeds of soybean variety XB55V11, cells from soybean variety XB55V11, plants of soybean XB55V11, and plant parts of soybean variety XB55V11. Methods provided include producing a soybean plant by crossing soybean variety XB55V11 with another soybean plant, methods for introgressing a transgenic trait, a mutant trait, and/or a native trait into soybean variety XB55V11, methods for producing other soybean varieties or plant parts derived from soybean variety XB55V11, and methods of characterizing soybean variety XB55V11. Soybean seed, cells, plants, germplasm, breeding lines, varieties, and plant parts produced by these methods and/or derived from soybean variety XB55V11 are further provided. |
| US08436227B2 |
Soybean variety A1023511
The invention relates to the soybean variety designated A1023511. Provided by the invention are the seeds, plants and derivatives of the soybean variety A1023511. Also provided by the invention are tissue cultures of the soybean variety A1023511 and the plants regenerated therefrom. Still further provided by the invention are methods for producing soybean plants by crossing the soybean variety A1023511 with itself or another soybean variety and plants produced by such methods. |
| US08436225B2 |
Automated seed sampler and methods of sampling, testing and bulking seeds
A population of seeds wherein substantially all of the seeds in the population have a portion of seed tissue removed by an automated sampling system. Substantially all of the seeds in the population have the presence or absence of at least one transgene in common, and/or substantially all of the seeds in the population have a high recurrent parent allele frequency. The presence or absence of the at least one transgene in the seeds in the population and/or the recurrent parent allele frequency in the seeds in the population is determined by analyzing the portion of seed tissue removed from the seeds by the automated sampling system. |
| US08436223B2 |
Separation of olefins from olefins/paraffins mixed gas
The present invention relates to a method for the separation of C4 olefins and C4 paraffins from a C4 hydrocarbon mixed gas including butene-1, trans-2- butene, cis-2-butene, normal butane, isobutane, etc. The method of the present invention produces C4 olefins with high purity by introducing a gaseous C4 mixture into the adsorption tower loaded with adsorbent selectively adsorbing olefins to adsorb C4 olefins and to discharge C4 paraffins to the outlet of the tower, desorbing C4 olefins adsorbed on the adsorption tower with a desorbent C5 hydrocarbon, C6 hydrocarbon, etc.), and then separating the C4 olefin and the desorbent by a distillation process. |
| US08436221B2 |
Processes for upgrading fischer-tropsch condensate olefins by alkylation of hydrocrackate
Processes for upgrading Fischer-Tropsch condensate olefins by alkylation of hydrocrackate may involve providing an olefin enriched condensate stream and further providing a Fischer-Tropsch derived hydrocarbon stream comprising wax, hydrocracking the latter Fischer-Tropsch hydrocarbon stream to provide a distillate enriched hydrocracked product comprising isoparaffins, and alkylating the olefins with the isoparaffins in an alkylation zone to provide an alkylate product. The alkylate product may be fed to a distillation unit together with the hydrocracked product, while a naphtha containing fraction from the distillation unit may be fed to the alkylation zone together with the olefin enriched hydrocarbon stream. |
| US08436220B2 |
Processes and systems for demethanization of brominated hydrocarbons
Process and systems for converting lower molecular weight alkanes to higher molecular weight hydrocarbons that include demethanization of brominated hydrocarbons, wherein the brominated hydrocarbons are formed by reaction of the lower molecular weight alkanes with bromine. |
| US08436219B2 |
Method of generating a non-plugging hydrate slurry
Method for reducing loss of flow due to hydrate solids deposits and wax deposition in a pipeline without the aid of chemicals and system for transporting a flow of wellstream hydrocarbons containing water, using a main pipeline and a cold-flow reactor connected to the main pipeline or within or forming a part of the pipeline, wherein at least a portion of the wellstream is fed to the cold-flow reactor. Also provided is a method for preventing hydrate nucleation and growth in a pipeline and preventing hydrate agglomeration as well as for preventing wax deposition. The provided method eliminates the use of energized equipment for melting, grinding or scraping hydrate solids from inside of pipelines or flowlines. Generating dry hydrates to be mixed with main flow of a wellstream is also described. |
| US08436217B2 |
Integrated process to co-produce 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane, trans-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene and trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene
Disclosed is a fully integrated process for making 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane (HFC-245fa), trans-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (HCFO-1233zd(E)), and trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234ze(E)). The chemistry involves (a) the reaction of 1,1,1,3,3-pentachloropropane (HCC-240fa), or a derivative thereof selected from 1,1,3,3-tetrachloropropene and 1,3,3,3-tetrachloropropene, with anhydrous HF in excess in the presence of a catalyst in a liquid-phase reactor in such a way as to co-produce HCFO-1233zd, HFO-1234ze, HCFC-244fa (3-chloro-1,1,1,3-tetrafluoropropane), and HFC-245fa in a first reactor; (b) the reaction of HCFO-1233zd and HFO-1234ze with HCl in excess in the presence of a catalyst in a second reactor to convert these two olefins into HCFC-243fa and HCFC-244fa, respectively; (c) the reaction of HCFC-243fa and HCFC-244fa over a dehydrochlorination catalyst or in a caustic solution in a third reactor to form HCFO-1233zd and HFO-1234ze; and (d) the reaction of HCFO-1233zd(Z) and HFO-1234ze(Z) in the presence of a catalyst in a fourth reactor to form trans-1233zd and trans-1234ze, respectively. |
| US08436216B2 |
Process for making 1,1,1,4,4,4-Hexafluoro-2-butene
A process is disclosed for making 1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene. The process involves reacting 2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane with copper in the presence of an amide solvent and 2,2′-bipyridine. A process is also disclosed for making 1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene. The process involves reacting 2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane with copper in the presence of an amide solvent and a Cu(I) salt. A process is further disclosed for making 1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene. The process involves reacting 2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane with copper in the presence of an amide solvent, 2,2′-bipyridine and a Cu(I) salt. |
| US08436215B2 |
Production of ethanol from methanol
A process for converting methanol to ethanol which comprises reacting methanol and carbon monoxide in the presence of a catalyst to produce a product comprising at least 25 mole % methyl acetate and, in some instances, acetic acid. The acetic acid then is reacted with at least one alcohol to produce at least one acetate selected from methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, and butyl acetate. The at least one acetate (if produced) and the methyl acetate produced as a result of reacting methanol and carbon monoxide then are hydrogenated to produce ethanol. Syngas may be produced from biomass to produce all or a portion of the methanol, hydrogen, and carbon monoxide requirements for the process. |
| US08436213B2 |
Process for producing phenol and methyl ethyl ketone
In a process for reducing the level of tert-butylbenzene in a mixed butylbenzene feed comprising tert-butylbenzene and sec-butylbenzene, the feed is contacted under dealkylation conditions with a catalyst system comprising a dealkylation catalyst whereby the tert-butylbenzene is selectively dealkylated to produce an effluent stream which comprises benzene and which has a lower concentration of tert-butylbenzene than said feed. |
| US08436209B2 |
Process for the manufacture of memantine and intermediate product
The present invention relates to a process for manufacturing N-Formyl-1-amino-3,5-dimethyladamantane, an intermediate product in the overall process of producing 1-Amino-3,5-dimethyladamantane hydrochloride (Memantine). Therein, the process comprises the following steps: (a) reacting 1,3-dimethyladamantane with an acid mixture comprising concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid, wherein 1 to 6 volume parts of sulfuric acid (measured in ml) are used per weight part of 1,3-dimethyladamantane (measured in g); (b) reacting the solution from step (a) with an amount of formamide varying from 1 to 5 molar equivalents per mole of deprotonated 1,3-dimethyladamantane from step (a) to obtain N-Formyl-1-amino-3,5-dimethyladamantane. In step (b), the molar ratio of total acid, i.e. the molar amount of sulfuric acid and the molar amount of nitric acid taken together versus the molar amount of formamide is at least 1.5 and that the temperature is at least 50° C. The present invention also relates to the overall process of manufacturing Memantine from 1,3-dimethyladamantane by means of hydrolyzing the intermediate NFORM. |
| US08436208B2 |
Substituted oligo- or polythiophenes
A process for the preparation of a substituted 2,2′-dithiophene is described, which process comprises the steps (a), (c) and optional steps (b) and (d): a reaction of a compound of the formula: with a suitable lithium organic compound, preferably Li-alkyl or Li-alkylamide; b) optional exchange of lithium against another metal selected from Mg1 Zn and Cu; c) reaction of the metallated intermediate obtained in step (a) or (b) with a suitable electrophil, which is CO2 or an aldehyde (addition reaction), or a compound Y′—R17 or Y′—R18-Z (substitution reaction), where R17 and R18 are as defined in claim 1; and optionally d) modification of the product obtained in step (c), e.g. by introducing one or more conjugating moieties Y ring closure between suitable monovalent residues R17, exchange or extension of functional groups or substituents such as addition to carbonyl or substitution of carbonyl in R17 or R18. The products, including or corresponding polymers, are excellent conducting materials |
| US08436198B2 |
Fluorine-containing n-alkylsulfonylimide compound, manufacturing method therefor, and method of manufacturing an ionic compound
According to the method for producing fluorine-containing N-alkylsulfonylimide compound, the fluorine-containing N-alkylsulfonylimide compound can be produced safely with a high recovery rate by alkylating fluorine-containing sulfonylimide acid or fluorine-containing sulfonylimide acid salt with dialkylsulfuric acid or dialkylcarbonic acid. |
| US08436195B2 |
Use of malachite green oxalate for treating malignant neoplasms
The use of malachite green in the form of a tetramethyldiamino-triphenyl-carbinol anhydro-oxalate [(C23H25N2)—(C2HO4)]2—C2H2O4 of the following structural formula as a drug for treating malignant neoplasms administered in a single dose of 1 to 2 g. Malachite green can be used when dissolved in an aqueous solution or in a physiological salt solution or in spirit. In different cases, the malachite green solution is perorally administered before and after a meal or is injected per rectum, or a 1% malachite green solution is intravenously introduced, or the malachite green is applied as a rectal suppository component or as a component of 1-5% ointment. The medicinal agent exhibits an extended range of therapeutic actions with respect to different oncological diseases, is freely available, not expensive, non-toxic, does not generate side effects when used in pharmaceutically acceptable doses, and makes it possible to reduce a treating time and to increase the efficiency of treatment. |
| US08436194B2 |
Process for the preparation of prostaglandin analogues and intermediates thereof
The present application provides intermediates for preparing prostaglandin analogues and processes for preparing prostaglandin analogues and intermediates thereof. The intermediates include: A compound of formula (6): R1 represents H, C1-C5-alkyl, or benzyl, in particular isopropyl. |
| US08436192B2 |
2-amino-2-phenyl-alkanol derivatives, preparation thereof, and pharmaceutical compositions containing same
Ester derivatives of 2-amino-2-phenyl-alkanol of general formula (I) in which: R1 forms with R3 and the nitrogen and carbon atoms to which they are respectively attached, a heterocycle with 4 to 7 members, optionally substituted in the α position of the nitrogen atom by one or two Ra and Rb radicals being able to be independently of one another hydrogen or linear or branched alkyl (1 to 4C), and R2 is H or a —CO—O—CHR4—OCOR5 radical for which R4 is H or linear or branched alkyl (1 to 4C), and R5 is alkyl optionally substituted by benzyloxycarbonylamino, acylamino or by the remainder of an amino acid, or represents a heterocycle, or R2 is linear or branched alkyl (1 to 4C), alkyl (2 to 4C) substituted by OH, alkoxy, alkylthio, NH2, alkylamino, dialkylamino optionally forming with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, a heterocycle with 5 or 6 members, it being understood that the substituted alkyl radical is linear or branched and comprises at least 2C between >N—R2 and the substituent, unless specified otherwise, alkyl or acyl are linear or branched (1 to 7C), in their R or S forms or their mixtures, as well as its pharmaceutically acceptable salts, if any. |
| US08436191B2 |
Preparing 5-fluoro-1-alkyl-3-fluoroalkyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonyl chlorides
The present invention relates to a novel process for preparing 5-fluoro-1-alkyl-3-fluoroalkyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonyl chlorides, a useful intermediate in the manufacture of fungicides. |
| US08436185B2 |
Pharmaceutically acceptable salts of 2-{4-[(3S)-piperidin-3-yl]phenyl}-2H-indazole-7-carboxamide
The present invention relates to pharmaceutically acceptable salts of an amide substituted indazole which are inhibitors of the enzyme poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase (PARP), previously known as poly(ADP-ribose)synthase and poly(ADP-ribosyl) transferase. The compounds of the present invention are useful as mono-therapies in tumors with specific defects in DNA-repair pathways and as enhancers of certain DNA-damaging agents such as anticancer agents and radiotherapy. Further, the compounds of the present invention are useful for reducing cell necrosis (in stroke and myocardial infarction), down regulating inflammation and tissue injury, treating retroviral infections and protecting against the toxicity of chemotherapy. |
| US08436184B2 |
6-(biphenyl-ester)-3H-naphtho[2,1-b]pyrans as photochromic dichroic dyes and optical article containing them
A naphthopyran compound represented by the formula (I) wherein: n1, n2, p, m and q represent an integer; R1, R2 and R4, represent a group selected from halogen, —Ra, —OH, —ORa, —SH, —SRa, —NH2, —NRaRa1, —NRbRc, —CO—Ra, —CO2Ra1, —OC(O)—Rd, —X—(Re)—Y, linear or branched (C1-C18) perfluoroalkyl group, wherein Ra, Ra1, Rb, Rc, X, Y, Re, and Rd are as defined in the description; Z represents a group selected from CO, CS, SO, SO2, CO2, C(O)S, CS2, C(O)NH, C(O)NRa, C(S)NH, C(S)NRa and C═NRa; R3 represents a group selected from halogen, —Ra, linear or branched (C1-18) perfluoroalkyl group —OH, —ORa, —SH, —SRa, —NH2, and —NRaRa1; R6 represents a group selected from —Ra which may be optionally substituted, linear or branched (C1-18) perfluoroalkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, and heteroaryl, which may be optionally substituted; R5 represents a group selected from: halogen, —Ra, linear or branched (C1-18) perfluoroalkyl group, —OH, —ORa, —SH, —SRa, —NH2, —NRaRa1, —CO—Ra, —O—C(O)—Ra and —CO2Ra1; or when q is equal to 2, then two R5 together represents further a group —O—(CH2)q1—O— wherein q1 represents an integer comprised from 1 to 3 inclusive. |
| US08436182B2 |
Process for preparation of solifenacin and/or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof of high pharmaceutical purity
A process for the preparation of solifenacin and/or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof of high pharmaceutical purity is characterized in that 3-(R)-quinuclidinoloxy anion generated in situ from 3-(R)-quinuclidinol in a presence of strong base in polar organic solvent is subject to acylation with (S)-1-phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolinecarbonyl chloride of chemical purity at least 98%, while maintaining constant anion excess in a reaction mixture, and after reaction completion solifenacin base is optionally transformed into solifenacin salt according to standard procedures. (S)-1-Phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolinecarbonyl chloride of chemical purity at least 98% is obtained in a reaction of (S)-1-phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline and molar excess of phosgene in a presence of tertiary aromatic amine in aromatic hydrocarbon, and isolated in a crystalline form. |
| US08436179B2 |
Kinase inhibitor with improved solubility profile
4-Amino-N-[3-(diethylamino)propyl]-3-(4-{[(3-fluorophenyl)carbamoyl]amino}phenyl)thieno[3,2-c]pyridine-7-carboxamide which inhibits protein kinases such as Aurora-kinases and the VEGFR and PDGFR families of kinases, with an improved aqueous solubility profile, compositions containing 4-amino-N-[3-(diethylamino)propyl]-3-(4-{[(3-fluorophenyl)carbamoyl]amino}phenyl)thieno[3,2-c]pyridine-7-carboxamide and methods of treating diseases using 4-amino-N-[3-(diethylamino)propyl]-3-(4-{[(3-fluorophenyl)carbamoyl]amino}phenyl)thieno[3,2-c]pyridine-7-carboxamide are disclosed. |
| US08436172B2 |
Material selecting method upon purifying iridium complex by sublimation
Provided is a material selecting method used upon purifying an iridium complex by sublimation which includes: selecting an iridium complex having a specific structure and having a rate of weight loss of 45% or greater when heated to 500° C. at a heating rate of 2° C./min under the degree of vacuum of from 1×10−3 Pa to 1×10−1 Pa; and carrying out sublimation purification. |
| US08436170B2 |
Xanthene dyes comprising a sulfonamide group
The present invention relates to fluorescent dyes in general. The present invention provides a wide range of fluorescent dyes and kits containing the same, which are applicable for labeling a variety of biomolecules, cells and microorganisms. The present invention also provides various methods of using the fluorescent dyes for research and development, forensic identification, environmental studies, diagnosis, prognosis, and/or treatment of disease conditions. |
| US08436169B2 |
Process for preparing 1,4-bishydroxyethylpiperazine
Process for preparing 1,4-bishydroxyethylpiperazine (BHEPIP) of the formula I wherein diethanolamine (DEOA) of the formula II is reacted in the liquid phase in a reactor at a temperature in the range from 130 to 300° C. in the presence of a copper-comprising, chromium-free heterogeneous catalyst. |
| US08436168B2 |
Methods of making HIV attachment inhibitor prodrug compound and intermediates
A method for making the compound of Formula I: is set forth using alkylation, amidation, chlorination and phosphate installation procedures. |
| US08436167B2 |
Chemical compounds
Two polymorphic forms of bis[(E)-7-[4-(4-fluorophenyl)-6-isopropyl-2-[methyl(methylsulfonyl)amino]pyrimidin-5-yl](3R,5S)-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid] calcium salt, processes for making them and their use as HMG Co-A reductase inhibitors are described. |
| US08436166B2 |
Amino-containing vinylsilane compounds and making method
Vinylsilane compounds having a specific amino group, typically diethylaminopropyldimethylvinylsilane, N-methylpiperazinylpropyldimethylvinylsilane, and bistrimethylsilylaminopropyldimethylvinylsilane are novel and useful as a modifier for polymers. |
| US08436162B2 |
Arabidopsis derived promoters for regulation of plant expression
The instant invention is directed to a constitutive promoter for use in plants. The plant genus from which the promoter is derived is Arabidopsis. The invention encompasses the isolated promoter, expression cassettes comprising said promoter and a heterologous nucleic acid segment, and monocot and dicot plants and plant cells transformed with said expression cassettes. |
| US08436160B2 |
Isolated DNA fragment of the SPARC human promoter and its use for driving the expression of an heterologous gene in tumor cells
An isolated DNA sequence corresponding to a region of the SPARC gene human promoter from base pair −513 to base pair +35 capable of driving the expression of a heterologous gene of interest, that can be associated to any other promoter sequence, such as radiation responsive sequence, hypoxia responsive sequence and free-radical responsive sequence. The invention also provides constructs and DNA recombinant expression viral vectors, comprising the isolated sequence of the SPARC gene human promoter and at least one heterologous gene operably linked thereto, wherein the promoter sequence drives the expression of the at least one heterologous gene in tumor cells. Pharmaceutical compositions and a method for treating tumors are also provided. |
| US08436158B2 |
Antibodies to IL-6 and their uses
Antibodies and antigen-binding portions thereof that bind to human IL-6 are provided. Also provided are nucleic acids encoding such antibodies and antigen binding portions, methods of making such antibodies and antigen binding portions, compositions comprising such antibodies or antigen binding portions, and uses of such antibodies or antigen binding portions. |
| US08436152B2 |
Methods for purification of alpha-1-antitrypsin andapolipoprotein A-1
This invention relates to protein separation and purification methods for both alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT, also known as alpha-1 proteinase inhibitor, API, and A1-PI) and Apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) from, for example, a fraction of human blood plasma. In certain embodiments, the invention provides methods for separating AAT from ApoA-I at the initial stage of purification, so that the same starting material can be used as a source for both proteins. The methods further pertain to providing compositions of AAT and of ApoA-I suitable for pharmaceutical use and are suitable for large-scale purification. |
| US08436151B2 |
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-2 antibodies
The nucleotide and amino acid sequences of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-2 (IDO2) and methods of use thereof are provided. |
| US08436149B2 |
Crystalline anti-hTNFalpha antibodies
The present invention relates to a batch crystallization method for crystallizing an anti-hTNFalpha antibody which allows the production of said antibody on an industrial scale; antibody crystals as obtained according to said method; compositions containing said crystals as well as methods of use of said crystals and compositions. |
| US08436148B2 |
Antibodies against interleukin-18 binding protein, their preparation and use
Interleukin-18 binding proteins which are capable of binding IL-18 and/or modulating and/or blocking IL-18 activity are provided. Methods for their isolation and recombinant production, DNAs encoding them, DNA vectors expressing them, vectors useful for their expression in humans and other mammals, antibodies against them are also provided. |
| US08436145B2 |
Compositions and methods for diagnosing and treating cancer and neurodegenerative diseases related to Beclin-1
The present invention relates to antibodies specific for human Beclin-1 protein phosphorylated at position Thr 119 and uses thereof. In particular, these antibodies are useful in diagnosing diseases associated with impaired autophagy including cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. The invention further relates to human Beclin-1 mutated at position 119 with a phospho-mimicking residue and uses thereof for treating cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. |
| US08436143B2 |
T1R taste receptors and genes encoding same
Newly identified mammalian taste-cell-specific G protein-coupled receptors, and the genes and cDNA encoding said receptors are described. Specifically, T1R G protein-coupled receptors active in taste signaling, and the genes and cDNA encoding the same, are described, along with methods for isolating such genes and for isolating and expressing such receptors. Methods for representing taste perception of a particular taste stimulus in a mammal are also described, as are methods for generating novel molecules or combinations of molecules that elicit a predetermined taste perception in a mammal, and methods for simulating one or more tastes. Further, methods for stimulating or blocking taste perception in a mammal are also disclosed. |
| US08436140B2 |
Natriuretic peptide-mediated imaging of atherosclerotic plaque
Tracers comprising an oligopeptide comprising a fragment of a natriuretic peptide, wherein the fragment comprises the sequence Arg-Ile-Asp-Arg-Ile (SEQ ID NO.: 1), and a signaling moiety, are disclosed. Further disclosed are methods of imaging atherosclerotic plaque by PET scanning or MRI using a tracer. |
| US08436138B2 |
Binder for C-reactive protein
Isolated polypeptides comprising one or more of SEQ ID NOs 3-18, which show a specific binding for C-reactive protein (CRP). A library of isolated polypeptides comprising the polypeptides of SEQ ID NOs 3-18 is disclosed, as are compositions comprising such polypeptides. |
| US08436137B2 |
Selective anticancer chimeric peptide comprising an EGF receptor-binding peptide and a cytotoxic peptide
It is an object of the present invention to provide a substance usable as an anticancer agent or DDS, which has intracellular stability, which is capable of evading side effects from functional disorder with respect to normal cells, or which has instantaneous effect. The inventors developed a novel chimeric peptide targeting cancer cells which overexpress EGFR or the like using a binding peptide such as a peptide sequence binding to EGFR, and a lytic peptide sequence, thereby solving such an object. Particularly, by using a chimeric peptide including an EGF receptor-binding peptide or the like and a cytotoxic peptide, this object was solved. |
| US08436136B2 |
Peptide complex
A complex comprising at least one heat shock protein (HSP) and at least one peptide selected from the group consisting of R1-QXRAA-R2 with R1=peptide with 1-10 amino acids R2=peptide with 1-10 amino acids X=K or R GFFYTPK (insulin 23-29) SEQ ID No 1 GFFYTPKT (insulin 23-30) SEQ ID No 2 IYPPNANK (DER p1) SEQ ID No 3 GIEYIQHNGVVQESYYR (DER P1) SEQ ID No 4 ASTTTNYT (gp120 of HIV) SEQ ID No 5 DYEYLINVIHAFQYV (PLP 56-70) SEQ ID No 6 EKLIETYFSKNYQDYEYLINVI (PLP 43-64) SEQ ID No 7 KTTICGKGLSATVT (PLP 104-117) SEQ ID No 8 HSLGKWLGHPDKF (PLP 139-151 C140 ô S140) SEQ ID No 9 PRHPIRVELPCRISP (MOG 8-22) SEQ ID No 10 DEGGYTCFFRDHSYQ (MOG 92-106) SEQ ID No 11 Ac-ASQKRPSQRHG (MBP ac1-11) SEQ ID No 12 TGILDSIGRFFSG (MBP 35-47) SEQ ID No 13 VHFFKNIVTPRTP (MBP 89-101) SEQ ID No 14 HCLGKWLGHPDKF (PLP 139-151) SEQ ID No 15 MEVGWYRSPFSRVVHLYRNGK (MOG) SEQ ID No 16 QKRAAYDQYGHAAFE (E. Coli DnaJ) SEQ ID No. 17 QKRAAVDTYCRHNYG (HLA DRB1*0401) SEQ ID No. 18 QRRAAYDQYGHAAFE SEQ ID No. 19 and QRRAAVDTYCRHNYG SEQ ID No. 20. |
| US08436134B2 |
Semiconducting polymers
Novel Semiconducting photovoltaic polymers with conjugated units that provide improved solar conversion efficiency that can be used in electro-optical and electric devices. The polymers exhibit increased solar conversion efficiency in solar devices. |
| US08436129B2 |
Polycarbonate resin having ultraviolet absorbing capability, resin composition and optical material
A polycarbonate resin having at least one terminal group which is represented by formula (1), and a resin composition and an optical material comprising the polycarbonate resin are disclosed. In the formula, R1-R9 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, halogen atom or an alkyl group. X1 represents a direct bond or alkylene group. |
| US08436125B2 |
Materials, methods for production thereof and components thereof
The present invention relates to materials comprising (A) at least one rubber, (B) at least one polyimide selected from branched condensation products of (a) at least one polyisocyanate having on average more than two isocyanate groups per molecule, and (b) at least one polycarboxylic acid having at least 3 COOH groups per molecule or anhydride thereof. |
| US08436122B2 |
Pressure sensitive adhesive composition for transporting flexible substrate
Disclosed herein is an adhesive composition for transporting a flexible substrate, which is used to manufacture a flexible display device using a flexible substrate such as a plastic substrate by using a conventional line for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device comprising a glass substrate. The present invention provides an adhesive composition for transporting a flexible substrate, which includes 100 parts by weight of an adhesive for transporting a flexible substrate and 0.001 to 5 parts by weight of an antistatic agent, an adhesive sheet containing the composition, and a method of transporting a flexible substrate using the same. |
| US08436120B2 |
Method of producing hodge carbonyls and oligomeric lignin
A method of treating biomass feed by pyrolyzing it in the presence of superheated steam at a selected temperature for a sufficient time to produce at least one product stream. |
| US08436118B2 |
Synthesis of acylarylenes and hyperbranched poly(aclarylene)s by metal-free cyclotrimerization of alkynes
The present invention provides a new metal-free cyclotrimerization reaction of alkynes to produce a 1,3,5-triacylarylene or 1,3,5-triacylbenzene. This reaction is catalyzed by secondary amines, is strictly regioselective, highly functionality-tolerant, and the resulting product can be obtained in high yields. This reaction can be further applied for the preparation of novel branched (co)polymers bearing the triacylarylenes as structural units. The preparation of the (co)polymers is carried out as a one-pot single-step reaction procedure, giving branched oligomers and polymers in high yields up to 90%. The produced (co)polymers are also processible, easily film-forming, and thermally stable. |
| US08436117B2 |
Stimuli responsive compound, stimuli responsive compound polymer, actuator and method for manufacturing stimuli responsive compound
A stimuli responsive compound includes: a unit A having bonds that function as rotation axes; a first unit B disposed at a first bonding section of the unit A; a second unit B disposed at a second bonding section of the unit A; a first unit C disposed at a third bonding section of the unit A; and a second unit C disposed at a fourth bonding section of the unit A. The first unit B bonds with the second unit B by oxidation-reduction reaction, and the first unit C and the second unit C have liquid crystallinity and include polymerizable functional groups. |
| US08436111B2 |
Nickel catalyst system for the preparation of high CIS polybutadiene
Embodiments relate to a novel catalyst composition comprising a transition metal-containing compound, a PNP compound, an alkylating agent and a fluorine containing compound. Other embodiments relate to a method of polymerizing a diene monomer in the presence of the novel composition to form a diene-containing polymer having greater than 90% cis content. |
| US08436108B2 |
Phosphorus-containing compounds useful for making halogen-free, ignition-resistant polymers
Phosphorus-containing compounds useful for flame retardant epoxy resins are disclosed. The flame retardant epoxy resins may be used to make electrical laminates. This invention is particularly useful in end use applications in which a low bromine or low halogen content is required or desired. |
| US08436105B2 |
Vulcanizable composition having acoustic attenuating properties
The invention relates to a composition that can be thermally cured, containing relative to the total composition, a) 5 to 90% by weight of a diene-based polymer or copolymer containing an olefinic double bond and/or an aromatically substituted olefin, wherein the polymer or copolymer is liquid, or paste-like, at 22° C. and has a glass transition temperature between −30° C. and +15° C., measured according to a DSC method; b) a vulcanization system selected from the group consisting of: b1) sulfur, and one or more accelerator(s), b2) peroxidic or disulfidic vulcanization systems, b3) quinones, quinone dioximes, or dinitrosobenzene. |
| US08436104B2 |
Polymer
The application provides a method of producing a comb polymer comprising the steps of: (a) Providing: (i) a plurality of monomers which are linear, branched or star-shaped, substituted or non-substituted, and have an olefinically unsaturated moiety, the olefinically unsaturated moiety being capable of undergoing addition polymerization; (ii) an initiator compound; the initiator compound comprising a homolytically cleavable bond. (iii) a catalyst capable of catalysing the polymerization of the monomer; and (b) Causing the catalyst to catalyse, in combination with the initiator, the polymerization of a plurality of the monomers to produce the comb polymer. Catalysts and polymers obtainable by the process are also provided.Preferably, the comb polymer is capable of binding proteins and may be produced from monomers which are alkoxy polyethers, such as poly(alkyleneglycol) or polytetrahydrofuran. |
| US08436103B2 |
Star polymer and method of producing the same
The present invention provides a novel narrow distribution dendrimer-like star polymer having a controlled molecular structure, and a method capable of easily producing the star polymer. Disclosed is a polymer comprising a core portion and an arm portion, wherein the arm portion includes a first generation composed of a polymer chain and a second generation composed of a polymer chain formed at the outer shell of the first generation, the number of arms of the second generation is larger than the number of arms of the first generation, the first generation composed of the polymer chain is a polymer chain derived from a monomer having a polymerizable double bond, and the ratio of the weight average molecular weight (Mw) to the number average molecular weight (Mn), (Mw/Mn), of the star polymer is within a range from 1.001 to 2.50. A compound containing a functional group capable of reacting with an anion, which serves as a core portion, is reacted with a polymer chain containing two or more functional groups and an anion end which serves as an arm portion. |
| US08436102B2 |
Polychloroprene latex composition, process for production of same, and products of forming thereof
Provided are a polychloroprene latex composition giving immersion-molded articles superior in releasability from the mold during immersion molding and also superior in flexibility, a production method thereof and a molded article prepared by using the same.A polychloroprene latex composition containing an alkyldiphenyletherdisulfonic acid alkali-metal salt in an amount of 0.01 to 1.0 part by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of a polychloroprene latex is prepared by emulsion polymerization of the monomer in the presence of a rosin acid alkali-metal salt and an alkyldiphenyletherdisulfonic acid alkali-metal salt each in an amount of 3 parts or less by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the monomer. |
| US08436095B2 |
Powder coating compositions, mid-gloss range coatings, related methods and substrates
Disclosed are curable powder coating compositions that include a film-forming resin composition that includes (a) a first film-forming resin, (b) a second film-forming resin that is different from and incompatible with the first film-forming resin, and (c) a compatibilizing agent that includes a first portion that is compatible with the first film-forming resin and a second portion that is compatible with the second film-forming resin. The compatibilizing agent is present in such compositions in an amount sufficient to result in a coating composition that, when deposited onto at least a portion of a substrate and cured, produces a mid-gloss coating. |
| US08436094B2 |
Curable compositions with moisture-curable functionality clusters near the chain ends
A process of controlled radical polymerization, and products made therefrom is disclosed. The process includes performing controlled radical polymerization on a composition comprising a polymerizable compound, an initiator, a ligand, and a catalyst; permitting the controlled radical polymerization reaction to proceed until a desired level of conversion is attained, but prior to complete conversion to obtain an intermediate polymerization product; and further reacting the intermediate polymerization product with a reactant having a cluster of multiple reactive sites to provide a polymer reaction product having a cluster of pendent multiple reactive sites adjacent to said terminal ends of said polymer reaction product. |
| US08436091B2 |
Nitrile rubbers
Through the use of an improved iron-based redox system it is possible to prepare special new, optionally hydrogenated, nitrile rubbers which feature a more uniform monomer distribution and a lower fraction of long-chain branches and hence are distinguished by enhanced flow properties at the same time as very good properties on processing. |
| US08436086B2 |
Carbon black with large primary particle size as reheat additive for polyester and polypropylene resins
Reheat characteristics of polyethylene and polypropylene resins, including reheating time and resin color, are improved by adding to the resin carbon black with a primary particle size in the range of 200 to 500 nm as an infrared absorber. Thermal carbon blacks having this primary particle size are preferred over Furnace carbon blacks. Injection stretch-blow molded bottles and other thermoformed products are made from resins with carbon black infrared absorber. |
| US08436084B2 |
Aqueous coating composition and method for forming multilayer coating film
An object of the present invention is to provide an aqueous coating composition capable of forming a coating film having a superior finishing appearance. The present invention provides an aqueous coating composition comprising a polyester resin containing a predetermined or greater amount of long chain, straight-chain dicarboxylic acid and/or straight-chain diols having a predetermined or greater carbon number and having hydroxy groups and acid values within predetermined ranges; a urethane-associated thickener having a hydrophobic group and/or a polyacrylicacid-based thickener having a hydrophobic group; a curing agent; and a hydrophobic solvent, wherein the contents of the thickener and the hydrophobic solvent are within a specific range based on the gross amount of the polyester resin and the curing agent. The present invention also provides a method for forming a multilayer coating film using the aqueous coating composition. |
| US08436083B2 |
Multifunctional self-decontaminating surface coating
A coating having an adhesive hydrophilic polymer and an amphiphilic additive. The amphiphilic additive has a hydrophilic chain, a biocidal functional group bonded to the hydrophilic chain, and a hydrophobic moiety bonded to the hydrophilic chain or to the biocidal functional group. A method of forming a biocidal surface by providing an article, and coating the article with the above coating. A compound having the formula: Y—(O—CH2—CH2)n—R—(CH2)m—CH3. Y is CH3 or H. R is X is a halogen, and m and n are independently selected positive integers. |
| US08436081B2 |
High film build coating composition containing low molecular weight polytrimethylene ether glycol
The present disclosure is directed to a high film build coating composition that is capable of producing coatings being sag-free at high coating thicknesses and good appearance. This disclosure is further directed to a coating composition comprising components derived from renewable resources. |
| US08436080B2 |
Composition for maintaining good color when thermally treating polyester-polyamide blends
A specially structured article is described which allows products made from the article to undergo a second heating without a dramatic color shift. This permits more recycled products from the material used to make the article. |
| US08436076B2 |
Method for producing polyester nanocomposites
A method for preparing a polyester nanocomposite is presented. The method comprises coating nanoparticles with a dicarboxylic acid. Combining the dicarboxylic acid coated nanoparticles with a coupling agent resulting in a first mixture. Then combining the first mixture with a polyester to form a polyester nanocomposite. The resulting polyester nanocomposite has among other properties a glass transition temperature greater than the polyester itself and also a crystallization temperature less than the polyester itself. |
| US08436074B2 |
Artificial marble, and system and method of producing artificial marble
Artificial marble, and system and method of producing artificial marble. A method of producing a stone slab comprises: placing into a frame a plurality of coated lumps of composite stone material; removing substantially all air among the plurality of lumps; pressing the content of said frame; and curing the content of said frame to form the stone slab. An artificial stone slab comprises: a plurality of coated lumps of composite stone material which are substantially in contact with one another. |
| US08436060B2 |
Organic aerogel and composition for the organic aerogel
An organic aerogel includes a polymer prepared from a substituted or unsubstituted maleimide compound and a compound having at least two vinyl groups. A composition for the organic aerogel includes a substituted or unsubstituted maleimide compound and a compound having at least two vinyl groups. |
| US08436059B2 |
Aqueous floor polishing composition
An aqueous floor care composition comprising water, polymer particles wherein the polymer particles include units derived from a conjugated diene monomer, units derived from an acidic monomer, and units derived from a hard, non-acidic monomer, an external crosslinking agent, and optionally one or more of a leveling agent, surfactant, polyurethane, alkali-soluble resin, coalescing agent, plasticizer, and wax. |
| US08436056B2 |
Nanocomposite ion exchange hydrogels
A method for preparing a nanocomposite ion exchange hydrogel includes graft polymerizing a monomer onto a carbohydrate to form a carbohydrate graft copolymer. Before, during, or after graft polymerizing, an adsorbent is modified with a cationic surfactant to form a surfactant modified adsorbent. Next, the surfactant modified adsorbent is dispersed and entrapped in the carbohydrate graft copolymer and crosslinked to form a crosslinked carbohydrate graft copolymer. The crosslinked carbohydrate graft copolymer is then isolated. |
| US08436055B2 |
Modified acidic ion-exchange resin and method for preparing bisphenol
The present invention provides an ion-exchange resin catalyst, as a catalyst for preparing bisphenol from phenol compounds and ketone, which has a higher selectivity to bisphenol and a longer life time, as compared to a conventional ion-exchange resin, and a method for preparing the same.The present invention also provides a method for preparing bisphenol comprising reacting phenol compounds with ketone, wherein the modified acidic ion-exchange resin in which at least one kind of cationic compound selected from the following (a), (b), (c) and (d) ionically binds to an acidic functional group, is used as a catalyst: (a) a quaternary phosphonium ion, (b) a quaternary ammonium ion, (c) a bis(phosphoranylidene) ammonium ion, and (d) an N-substituted nitrogen-containing aromatic cation. |
| US08436043B2 |
Heterocyclic compound
Provision of a prophylactic or therapeutic agent for diabetes, which has superior efficacy.A compound represented by the formula: wherein each symbol is as described in the specification, or a salt thereof. |
| US08436040B2 |
Method of treating conditions involving PPAR-receptors with indole compounds
Indole compounds corresponding to the formula (I): as defined in the claims, pharmaceutically acceptable addition salts of such compounds, pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds, the process for their preparation, and their use as pharmacologically active substances, especially in the treatment of hypertriglyceridemia, hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes, endothelial dysfunction, cardiovascular disease, inflammatory disease and neurodegeneration. |
| US08436037B2 |
Process for the production of amides
The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of compounds of formula I wherein R1 and R2 are each independently of the other hydrogen or C1-C5alkyl and R3 is CF3 or CF2H, by a) reaction of a compound of formula II wherein R1 and R2 are as defined for formula I, with at least one reducing agent to form a compound of formula III wherein R1 and R2 are as defined for formula I, and b) reaction of that compound with at least one reducing agent to form a compound of formula IV wherein R1 and R2 are as defined for formula I, and (c) reaction of that compound with a compound of formula V wherein Q is chlorine, fluorine, bromine, iodine, hydroxy or C1-C6alkoxy and R3 is as defined for formula I, to form the compound of formula I; and to novel intermediates for use in that process. |
| US08436035B2 |
Organic compounds
The present invention provides a compound of formula I: said compound is inhibitor of aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2), and/or 11 beta-hydroxylase (CYP11B1), and/or aromatase, and thus can be employed for the treatment of a disorder or disease mediated by aldosterone synthase, aromatase, or CYP11B1. Accordingly, the compound of formula I can be used in treatment of hypokalemia, hypertension, congestive heart failure, renal failure, in particular, chronic renal failure, restenosis, atherosclerosis, syndrome X, obesity, nephropathy, post-myocardial infarction, coronary heart diseases, increased formation of collagen, fibrosis and remodeling following hypertension and endothelial dysfunction. Finally, the present invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition. |
| US08436034B2 |
Carboxamide compounds and their use as calpain inhibitors
The present invention relates to novel carboxamide compounds and their use for the manufacture of a medicament. The carboxamide compounds are inhibitors of calpain (calcium dependant cysteine proteases). The invention therefore also relates to the use of these carboxamide compounds for treating a disorder associated with an elevated calpain activity.The carboxamide compounds are compounds of the general formula I in which R1, R2, R3a, R3b, W, Y and X have the meanings mentioned in the claims and the description, the tautomers thereof and the pharmaceutically suitable salts thereof. In particular, the compounds have the general formula I-A.a′ and I-A.a″ in which m, E, R1, R3a, R3b, R2, Ry, Rw and Rw6* have the meanings mentioned in the claims, n is 0, 1 or 2, the tautomers thereof and the pharmaceutically suitable salts thereof. |
| US08436031B2 |
Transcription factor modulating compounds and methods of use thereof
Substituted benzoimidazole compounds useful as anti-infectives that decrease resistance, virulence, or growth of microbes are provided. Methods of making and using substituted benzoimidazole compounds, as well as pharmaceutical preparations thereof, in, e.g., reducing antibiotic resistance and inhibiting biofilms. |
| US08436030B2 |
Polymorphic forms of deferasirox (ICL670A)
The invention relates to crystalline forms of 4-[3,5-bis(2-hydroxyphenyl)-[1,2,4]triazol-1-yl]benzoic acid and to its amorphous form, to processes for the preparation thereof, to compositions containing the same and their uses for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of the human body. |
| US08436029B2 |
Pharmaceutical forms, and methods of making and using the same
Crystalline salts, polymorphs, solvates, and hydrates of bicalutamide, 5-fluorouracil, donepezil, anastrozole, nelfinavir, mirtazapine, lansoprazole, and tamsulosin, or derivatives thereof are provided by the subject invention. Methods of making and using the same are also provided. |
| US08436020B2 |
Processes for the preparation of piperidinic derivatives and pharmaceutic compositions containing the same
Production processes for preparing pharmaceutical compositions containing new molecules capable of inhibiting acetylcholinesterase, thus being useful in the treatment of pathologies associated to cholinergic transmission, such as memory related disorders, neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's Disease, Miastenia Gravis or in the treatment of intoxications induced by chemical agents of central action. |
| US08436019B2 |
Sulfonyl-piperidin-4-yl methylamine amide analogs as GlyT1 inhibitors, methods for making same, and use of same in treating psychiatric disorders
In one aspect, the invention relates to compounds which are useful as inhibitors of glycine type 1 transporter (GlyT1) activity; synthetic methods for making the compounds; pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds; and methods of treating disorders associated with glycine type 1 transporter (GlyT1) activity using the compounds and compositions. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention. |
| US08436013B2 |
Compounds and methods for treatment of alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency
The invention features compositions and methods that are useful for treating or preventing AAT deficiency and associated conditions. In addition, the invention provides methods for identifying compounds useful for treatment of AAT deficiency and associated conditions. |
| US08436009B2 |
Prodrug of triazolone compound
By oral administration of a compound represented by the following Formula (I): the blood level of Compound (IV): which has an excellent inhibitory action against blood coagulation factor VIIa and the anticoagulant action, reaches a level sufficient for expression of its pharmacological actions. Therefore, the compound of the present invention is useful as a therapeutic and/or prophylactic agent for diseases caused by thrombus formation. |
| US08436006B2 |
2-amino-quinazoline derivatives useful as inhibitors of β-secretase (BACE)
The present invention is directed to novel 2-amino-3,4-dihydro-quinazoline derivatives, pharmaceutical compositions containing them and their use in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related disorders. The compounds of the invention are inhibitors of β-secretase, also known as β-site cleaving enzyme and BACE. |
| US08436004B2 |
Bicycloaniline derivative
The invention relates to a compound of a general formula (I): wherein A1 and A2 each mean a nitrogen atom or an optionally-substituted methine group; Ring B means a 5-membered to 7-membered aliphatic ring, or a spiro or bicyclo ring formed from the aliphatic ring and any other 3-membered to 7-membered aliphatic ring; R1 means a hydrogen atom, or an optionally-substituted C1-C6 alkyl group, or an optionally-substituted aryl, aralkyl or heteroaryl group; R2 means an optionally-substituted aryl, aralkyl or heteroaryl group; and X means a group of ═NH or ═O, etc. Based on its excellent Wee1 kinase-inhibitory effect, the compound of the invention has cell growth-inhibitory effect and has an additive/synergistic effect with any other anticancer agent, and is therefore useful in the field of medicine. |
| US08436003B2 |
Substituted imidazo- and triazolopyrimidines, imidazo- and pyrazolopyrazines and imidazotriazines
The invention relates to substituted triazolopyrimidines of the formula processes for their preparation, and their use for the treatment of hematological disorders. |
| US08435996B2 |
Heterocycle-aryl compounds for inflammation and immune-related uses
The invention relates to compounds that are useful as immunosuppressive agents and for treating and preventing inflammatory conditions, allergic disorders, and immune disorders. |
| US08435995B2 |
Pyridazinone compounds
The present invention provides a compound which has the effect of PDE inhibition, and which is useful as a medicament for preventing or treating schizophrenia or so on. A compound of formula (I0), wherein R1 represents a substituent; R2 represents a hydrogen atom, or a substituent; R3 represents a hydrogen atom, or a substituent; Ring A represents an aromatic ring which can be substituted, and Ring B represents a 5-membered heteroaromatic ring which can be substituted, or a salt thereof. |
| US08435994B2 |
Substituted [1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-alpha]quinoxalines as adenosine A2a receptor antagonists
The present invention relates to certain fused tricyclic heteroaryl rings compounds of the Formula (I) (also referred to herein as the “Fused Tricyclic Compounds”), wherein M, Q, U, W, X, Y, Z, R1, R2, and R3, and rings C and D are as herein described. The present invention also provides compositions comprising at least one Fused Tricyclic Compound, and use of such compounds in the treatment of central nervous system diseases or disorders such as Parkinson's disease. |
| US08435990B2 |
Dihydropyrimidone amides as P2X7 modulators
Compounds of the formula I: or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein m, n, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, Ra and Rb are as defined herein. Also disclosed are methods of making the compounds and using the compounds for treatment of diseases associated with the P2X7 purinergic receptor. |
| US08435988B2 |
Benzimidazole derivatives as P13 kinase inhibitors
This invention relates to the use of benzimidazole derivatives for the modulation, notably the inhibition of the activity or function of the phosphoinositide 3′ OH kinase family (hereinafter PI3 kinases), suitably, PI3Kα, PI3Kβ, PI3Kβ, and/or PI3Kγ. Suitably, the present invention relates to the use of benzimidazoles in the treatment of one or more disease states selected from: autoimmune disorders, inflammatory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, allergy, asthma, pancreatitis, multiorgan failure, kidney diseases, platelet aggregation, cancer, sperm motility, transplantation rejection, graft rejection and lung injuries. More suitably, the present invention relates to PI3Kβ selective benzimidazoles compounds for treating cancer. |
| US08435987B2 |
Pyrazolo-pyridinone and pyrazolo-pyrazinone compounds as P38 modulators and methods of use thereof
The present invention comprises a new class of compounds useful for the prophylaxis and treatment of protein kinase mediated diseases, including inflammation and related conditions. The compounds have a general Formula I wherein A1, A2, B, R1, R2, R4, R5, R6 and Z are defined herein. The invention also comprises pharmaceutical compositions including one or more compounds of Formula I, uses of such compounds and compositions for treatment of P38 map kinase mediated diseases including rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pain and other inflammatory disorders, as well as intermediates and processes useful for the preparation of compounds of Formula I. |
| US08435985B2 |
Pyrido-, pyrazo- and pyrimido-pyrimidine derivatives as mTOR inhibitors
There is provided a compound of formula I: or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. There are also provided processes for the manufacture of a compound of Formula 1, and the use of a compound of Formula 1 as a medicament and in the treatment of cancer. |
| US08435983B2 |
Conformationally restrained epothilone analogues as anti-leukemic agents
A method for synthesizing anti-leukemic epothilone analogues includes rigidifying a region between the macrolactone ring and the aromatic side-chain. The anti-leukemic compositions are non-naturally occurring epothilone analogue that are rigidified between the macrolactone ring and the aromatic side-chain. |
| US08435981B2 |
2-(heterocyclylbenzyl)pyridazinone derivatives
Compounds of the formula (I) in which R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 have the meanings indicated in claim 1 are inhibitors of tyrosine kinases, in particular of met kinase and can be employed inter alia for the treatment of tumors. |
| US08435979B2 |
Use of imipramine blue and analogs thereof in treating cancers
Compounds, pharmaceutical compositions including the compounds, and methods of preparation and use thereof are disclosed. The compounds are triphenyl methane analogs. The compounds and compositions can be used to treat and/or prevent a wide variety of cancers, including drug resistant cancers, inflammatory, degenerative and vascular diseases, and parasitic infections. The compounds are triphenyl methane analogs of imipramine blue and analogs thereof, as defined herein. The compounds are believed to function by inhibiting tNOX expression, the effects of ROS, and/or the production of HIF2. Thus, the compounds are novel therapeutic agents for a variety of cancers and other diseases. |
| US08435978B2 |
Substituted sulfonamide compounds
Substituted sulfonamide derivatives, a process for their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds, and to the use of substituted sulfonamide derivatives in the treatment or inhibition of pain and/or various disorders or disease states. |
| US08435975B2 |
Steroidal esters of 17-oximino-5-androsten-3beta-ol
The present invention relates to steroidal esters of 17-oximino-5-androsten-3-ol, of compound of general formula (A) wherein R is selected from a group consisting of arylalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl. The ester derivatives are synthesized starting from Dehydroandrosterone acetate. The compounds were tested for their antiproliferative activity and 5α-reductase inhibitory activity in comparison to Finasteride. Decreased androgen level have been found in serum of animal treated with newly synthesized compounds. These compounds have also shown better cytotoxicity in comparison to reference drug Finasteride. Thus such compounds can be useful in treatment of androgen dependent disorder of prostate alone or by synergistic effect they can decrease the size of prostate due to their antiproliferative activity. |
| US08435972B2 |
Method for the treatment of central nervous system cancers and compositions related thereto
Use of compounds disclosed herein, typically progesterone or analog or derivative thereof, in the treatment of central nervous system cancers, specifically neuroblastoma and glioblastoma is provided. The treatment offers a reduced toxicity as compared to the currently available chemotherapeutic agents. The progesterone may be administered alone or in combination with, or in conjunction with other therapeutic agents. |
| US08435971B2 |
Use of 2,5-dihydroxybenzenesulfonic acid in the manufacturing of medicines, applicable to the treatment of angiodependent diseases
The invention relates to the use of 2,5-dihydroxybenzenesulfonic acid in the production of medicaments for the treatment of angiodependent diseases. More specifically, the invention relates to the use of the aforesaid compound and, in particular, the calcium and potassium salts thereof, for the treatment of two angiodependent diseases, which present a reduction in the apoptosis, namely cancer and psoriasis. The invention also discloses the antiproliferative, antimigratory, antiangiogenic and proapoptotic capacity of said family of compounds in non-quiescent cells. In addition, the invention details the potentiating effect of said compounds on known cytostatic medicines in the treatment of tumours and, specifically, on gliomas. The invention further relates to the therapeutic efficacy of said compounds, based on the combined antiproliferative, antiangiogenic and proapaptotic capacities thereof, in the treatment of chronic psoriatic plaques. |
| US08435970B2 |
Pharmaceutical combinations of 1-cyclopropyl-3-[3-(5-morpholin-4-ylmethyl-1H-benzoimidazol-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]-urea
The invention provides combinations of an ancillary compound and a compound which is a salt of 1-cyclopropyl-3-[3-(5-morpholin-4-ylmethyl-1H-benzoimidazol-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]-urea selected from the lactate and citrate salts and mixtures thereof. Also provided are crystalline forms of the salts, methods for making the salts and their uses in treating cancers. The invention further provides combinations of an ancillary compound and a compound of the formula (I) as defined in PCT/GB2004/002824 (WO 2005/002552) or a compound of the formula (I′) or a salt, solvate, tautomer or N-oxide thereof, wherein R1, E, A and M are as defined in the claims. |
| US08435965B2 |
Composition for soft contact lens and adsorption suppressing method
Disclosed is a composition for soft contact lenses which enables to suppress adsorption of a basic chemical substance onto a soft contact lens. This composition for soft contact lenses comprises (A) a basic chemical substance selected from amines having a secondary amino group and/or a tertiary amino group and salts thereof, and (B) one or more substances selected from amino acids and salts thereof, acid mucopolysaccharides and salts thereof and cyclodextrin, while having a pH of 3.5 to 4.8. Also disclosed is a method for suppressing adsorption of the basic chemical substance onto a soft contact lens. |
| US08435963B2 |
Weight loss compositions and uses thereof
This invention provides unique and advantageous formulations and methods for weight loss. |
| US08435961B2 |
Methods and compositions for increasing the activity of inhibitory RNA
The invention provides methods for increasing the activity of an inhibitory RNA (RNAi) in a subject requiring administering one or more poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors and/or one or more PARG activators to the subject. The invention also provides methods for increasing the activity of an inhibitory RNA in a cell or cell population requiring contacting a cell or cell population with one or more PARP inhibitors and/or one or more PARG activators. The invention further provides compositions and kits containing one or more PARP inhibitors and/or one or more PARG activators. |
| US08435959B2 |
Effective treatment of tumors and cancer with triciribine and related compounds
The inventors have determined, contrary to the prior art and experience, how to successfully use triciribine to treat tumors and cancer by one or a combination of (i) administering triciribine only to patients which according to a diagnostic test described below, exhibit enhanced sensitivity to the drug; (ii) use of a described dosage level that minimizes the toxicity of the drug but yet still exhibits efficacy; or (iii) use of a described dosage regimen that minimizes the toxicity of the drug. |
| US08435957B2 |
Use of lignan compound for anti-wrinkle treatment
The present invention relates to a novel use of lignan compounds, which are isolated and purified from nutmeg or the aril of nutmeg for anti-wrinkle, and more particularly, the present invention relates to a novel use for anti-wrinkle of an extract of the nutmeg or an extract of the aril of the nutmeg, fragrin A, austobailignan 7, licarin E, and macelignan. The extracts and lignan compounds of the present invention have activities in suppressing collagen degradation enzyme-1 (MMP-I, matrix metalloprotei-nase-1) and formation of new collagen (type-1 procollagen), thereby having effect on inhibitng wrinkle caused by photoaging. Accordingly, the extracts and lignan compounds of the present invention may be useful for preventing or treating wrinkle caused by photoaging. |
| US08435956B2 |
Compositions and methods for protecting cells from toxic exposures
The present invention provides compositions and methods for protecting cells and tissues from damage associated with therapeutic treatments of cancers and other diseases and conditions where reactive oxygen species are produced. The present invention also provides compositions useful as research reagents. |
| US08435954B2 |
Azapeptides as CD36 binding compounds
An azapeptide derivative of growth hormone releasing peptide (GHRP) of Formula I: A-(Xaa)a-N(RA)—N(RB)—C(O)-(Xaa′)b-B which binds to CD 36. |
| US08435951B2 |
Treating neoplasms with neurotoxin
The present invention provides a method of treating a cancer using a neurotoxin, preferably Botulinum toxin (“BTX”). The application of a neurotoxin around a cancer acts to decrease the contractile forces of the muscles surrounding a neoplasm which normally squeeze cancer cells through efferent channels leaving the cancer vicinity to distant sites. Also, the application of the toxin at sites distant from the cancer enhances cellular and humoral immunologic functions which further contributes to cancer cell death and spread. Following administration of botulinum toxin around and distant to a cancer, it is noticed that local, regional, and distant spread is reduced or eliminated. Immunomodulation with botulinum toxin is also valuable in treating other disease that may or may not be associated with cancers, such as viral-induced growths, viral conditions, fungal disease, chronic wounds, graft versus host disease, autoimmune disease, and HIV. |
| US08435950B2 |
Anti-aging peptides and cosmetic and/or pharmaceutical composition containing same
The present invention relates to peptide compounds of general formula (I) R1-X1-X2-Ser-Pro-Leu-Gln-X3-X4-R2. The present invention also relates, on the one hand, to a cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one peptide of general formula (I) in a cosmetically or dermatologically acceptable medium, and on the other hand to its use in order to prevent or treat the cutaneous signs of aging and to protect the skin against the harmful effects caused by UV radiation.The invention lastly relates to a cosmetic treatment method for preventing and/or combatting cutaneous signs of aging and for protecting the skin against the harmful effects caused by UV radiation. |
| US08435949B2 |
Pheromones and the luteinizing hormone for inducing proliferation of neural stem cells and neurogenesis
The present invention provides a method of increasing neural stem cell numbers or neurogenesis by using a pheromone, a luteinizing hormone (LH) and/or a human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG). The method can be practiced in vivo to obtain more neural stem cells in situ, which can in turn produce more neurons or glial cells to compensate for lost or dysfunctional neural cells. The method can also be practiced in vitro to produce a large number of neural stem cells in culture. The cultured stem cells can be used, for example, for transplantation treatment of patients or animals suffering from or suspected of having neurodegenerative diseases or conditions. |
| US08435948B2 |
Methods for inhibiting osteoclastic bone resorption and bone loss comprising administration of an anti-FSH or anti-FSHR antibody
The invention discloses compositions and methods for decreasing osteoclast which are useful for the treatment of a variety of bone loss disorders. |
| US08435947B2 |
Endothelial nitric oxide synthase antagonists and uses thereof for inhibiting oxygen toxicity
Compositions and methods for inhibiting the interaction between eNOS and β-actin are provided for use in inhibiting or reducing lung injury from oxygen toxicity. One embodiment provides a synthetic or recombinant polypeptide having the β-actin binding domain of eNOS, wherein the polypeptide inhibits or reduces eNOS activity in lung endothelial cells. |
| US08435944B2 |
Method and composition for transdermal drug delivery
The invention is directed to a transdermal drug delivery composition which includes at least one physiologically active agent; and at least one volatile solvent; and at least one viscosity modulating agent. The invention extends to methods of administering such a composition to a subject and treatment of subjects using the composition. |
| US08435942B2 |
Methods for formulating stabilized insulin compositions
A method of formulating insulin compositions comprises preparing a carrier having a phosphatidylcholine component which entraps insulin, stabilizing insulin compositions at room temperatures. |
| US08435941B2 |
Mini-hepcidin peptides and methods of using thereof
Disclosed herein are peptides which exhibit hepcidin activity and methods of making and using thereof. |
| US08435940B2 |
Methods and compositions related to improving properties of pharmacological agents targeting nervous system
Disclosed are compositions and methods related to improving pharmacological properties of bioactive compounds targeting nervous system. |
| US08435939B2 |
Polypeptide anti-HIV agent containing the same
The present invention provides novel polypeptides of A1-Arg-A2-Cys-Tyr-A3-A4-X-A5-A6-Cit Cys-A7 (I) or their salts (wherein A1 is hydrogen or a residue of arginine, lysine, ornithine, citrulline, alanine, or the like; A2 is an aromatic amino acid residue; A3, A4 and A6 are each a residue of arginine, lysine, ornithine, citrulline, or alanine; A5 is a residue of tyrosine, phenylalanine, alanine, naphthylalanine, or citrulline; A7 is a lysine or arginine residue whose carboxyl group may be converted into amido; and X is a residue of D-ornithyl-proline, prolyl-D-ornithine, D-lysylproline, or the like, with the proviso that any one of A1, A3, A4, A5, A6 and A7 is a residue of alanine or the like or that X is citrulline or the like), and methods of using same in the treatment of HIV. |
| US08435938B2 |
Pure vancomycin hydrochloride
The new pure vancomycin hydrochloride substantially free of impurities known in commercially available products is described. The term “substantially free of impurities” designates a purity of vancomycin hydrochloride between about 97% and about 99%, particularly between about 98% and about 99%, preferably about 99%, as determined by HPLC analytical method as directed in U.S.P., NF 27th revision, 22 (2004). The new pure vancomycin hydrochloride (vancomycin B hydrochloride) contains less than 0.7% of total impurities, namely, only one impurity exceeds 0.3%. The new process for the purification of crude vancomycin by displacement chromatography is described by which the desired pure antibiotic according to the present invention is produced, based on the finding that high purity of the vancomycin hydrochloride is obtained using low selected pH values of the mobile phase between 3.9 and 4.2. Vancomycin hydrochloride is the known antibiotic which is used for the treatment of severe staphylococcal infections, especially those caused by methicillin-resistant staphylococcal strains. |
| US08435930B2 |
Low density cementitious compositions using lime kiln dust
A manufactured cementitious binder including a hydraulic binder in an amount in the range of from about 40 to 75% by weight of the cementitious binder; metakaolin in an amount in the range of from about 1 to 30% by weight of the cementitious binder; silica fume in an amount up to about 15% by weight of the cementitious binder; lime kiln dust in an amount of from about 5 to 30% by weight of the cementitious binder, and a cementitious accelerator in an amount greater than about 0.1% by weight of the cementitious binder, wherein the cementitious binder provides a cementitious settable composition, when added with water and without a lightweight additive, that has a density lower than about 13 pounds per gallon and greater than about 11 pounds per gallon and a 24 hour compressive strength at 100 F, as hardened, of at least 500 psi. |
| US08435929B2 |
1-aminocyclopropane carboxylic acid as a fruit thinner
The present invention relates to agricultural methods and compositions of 1-aminocyclopropane carboxylic acid (ACC) alone or in combination with 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid (ethephon) to reduce crop load of fruit trees. |
| US08435927B2 |
High-load glyphosate formulations
By the present invention, a surfactant system containing glyphosate has been created which can be used to yield formulations containing an ultra-high load of glyphosate, in which the glyphosate concentration is higher than previously possible in any agriculturally-acceptable formulation. Higher loadings are desirable to reduce shipping and container costs, as well as reduce wastes. The higher loading reduces storage requirements and allows the farmer to handle less volume of pesticide. The main advantage is that maximizing the loading minimizes the cost to deliver the active ingredient, which in turn maximizes economy in use of glyphosate. |
| US08435924B2 |
Method of producing color change in overlapping layers
The present invention relates to methods of producing color change in overlapping layers of material. The method comprises providing a first layer having a first activatable colorant and a second layer having a second activatable colorant. A first external stimulus is applied to activate the first activatable colorant and produce a first activated color region in the first layer. A second external stimulus is applied to activate second activatable colorant and produce a second activated color region in the second layer. |
| US08435922B2 |
Arsenic adsorbing composition and methods of use
In various embodiments, the present disclosure provides filtering compositions, their method of production, and methods for their use. In specific implementations, the filtering composition includes lanthanum and has a surface area of at least about 125 g/m2. In more specific examples, the filtering composition is free-flowing or has a moisture content between about 10 wt % about 30 wt %. Particular compositions include at least one of iron or magnesium. Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide filtering compositions that are resilient or leach-resistant. |
| US08435919B2 |
High specific surface area mixed oxide of cerium and of another rare earth, preparation method and use in catalysis
The mixed oxide of the invention mainly consists of cerium oxide and of at least one oxide of another rare earth. It has a specific surface area of at least 20 m2/g after calcining at 1000° C. for 5 hours. It is obtained by forming a liquid medium comprising a cerium compound; by heating this medium; by adding to the precipitate obtained a compound of the other rare earth, by heating the medium thus obtained and by bringing its pH to a basic value and by calcining the precipitate. The mixed oxide may be used as a catalyst support. |
| US08435916B2 |
Catalyst comprising platinum black and fluorine
The invention aims at providing a platinum black material, without using an expensive and rare material, which is excellent in CO poisoning inhibiting effect, H2S poisoning inhibiting effect, SO4 poisoning inhibiting effect and HCHO poisoning inhibiting effect, and a method for fluorinating platinum black. The platinum black material is characterized by fluorine adsorbed on its surface. The method for fluorinating platinum black is characterized by allowing platinum black to stand in a mixed gas atmosphere of n inert gas and fluorine in a low-pressure chamber to make fluorine adsorbed on the surface of the platinum black. |
| US08435914B2 |
Mixed metal catalyst systems having a tailored hydrogen response
A polymerization catalyst system and polymerization processes using the catalyst systems are disclosed. The polymerization catalyst systems may include a) a first catalyst compound, and b) a second catalyst compound, wherein the first catalyst compound includes an oxadiazole-containing compound. In some embodiments, the oxadiazole-containing compound has essentially no hydrogen response, thus allowing better and/or tailored control of product properties when producing polymers using the catalyst system. |
| US08435913B2 |
Catalyst for polymerization of propylene and method for polymerization of propylene using the same
Provided are a catalyst for polymerization of propylene and a method for polymerization of propylene using the same. Specifically, provided are a catalyst for propylene polymerization which comprises titanium tetrachloride, an internal electron donor, and dialkoxy magnesium particles, as a carrier, obtained from the reaction of a halogen compound or nitrogen-halogen compound as a reaction initiator, metal magnesium and an alcohol, and a method for propylene polymerization using the same. |
| US08435911B2 |
Hybrid catalyst composition for polymerization of olefins
The present invention relates to a new hybrid catalyst system for the polymerization of olefins and to a polymerization process carried out in the presence of said catalyst. The new hybrid catalyst system comprises a tridendate iron compound and a zirconocene having a bridge of at least three carbon atoms connecting two indenyl ligands. |
| US08435909B2 |
Dual-zeolite catalyst for production of ethylbenzene
The dual-zeolite catalyst for production of ethylbenzene is formed by mixing at least two different zeolites selected from mordenite, beta, ZSM-5, ZSM-11, ZSM-12, ZSM-22, ZSM-23, MFI topology zeolite, NES topology zeolite, EU-1, SAPO-5, SAPO-34, SAPO-11 and MAPO-36 zeolites and an inactive alumina binder. The two zeolites have different topology and possess dissimilar and unique physical and chemical characteristics, including particle size, surface area, pore size and acidity. The preferred amount of the two zeolites may range from 10 to 90 wt % of the total catalyst amount in the final dried and calcined form, preferably the zeolites are in equal parts by weight. |
| US08435906B2 |
Methods for forming conformal oxide layers on semiconductor devices
Methods and apparatus for forming an oxide layer on a semiconductor substrate are disclosed. In one or more embodiments, plasma oxidation is used to form a conformal oxide layer by controlling the temperature of the semiconductor substrate at below about 100° C. Methods for controlling the temperature of the semiconductor substrate according to one or more embodiments include utilizing an electrostatic chuck and a coolant and gas convection. |
| US08435905B2 |
Manufacturing method of semiconductor device, and substrate processing apparatus
The present invention provides a manufacturing method of a semiconductor device that has a rapid film formation rate and high productivity, and to provide a substrate processing apparatus.The method comprises the steps of loading a substrate into a processing chamber; forming a thin film having a desired thickness on the substrate by setting as one cycle the step of supplying into the processing chamber adsorption auxiliary gas for aiding an adsorption of a source gas vaporized from a liquid source on the substrate and causing this adsorption auxiliary gas to be adsorbed on the substrate, the step of supplying the source gas into the processing chamber, causing the source gas to react with the adsorption auxiliary gas on the substrate, and causing this source gas to be adsorbed on the substrate, and the step of supplying a reaction gas into the processing chamber and causing this reaction gas to react with the source gas adsorbed on the substrate, and repeating this cycle a plurality of times; and unloading the substrate provided with the thin film from the inside of the processing chamber. |
| US08435903B2 |
Semiconductor substrate surface treatment method
In one embodiment, a method for treating a surface of a semiconductor substrate is disclosed. The semiconductor substrate has a first pattern covered by a resist and a second pattern not covered by the resist. The method includes supplying a resist-insoluble first chemical solution onto a semiconductor substrate to subject the second pattern to a chemical solution process. The method includes supplying a mixed liquid of a water repellency agent and a resist-soluble second chemical solution onto the semiconductor substrate after the supply of the first chemical solution, to form a water-repellent protective film on a surface of at least the second pattern and to release the resist. In addition, the method can rinse the semiconductor substrate using water after the formation of the water-repellent protective film, and dry the rinsed semiconductor substrate. |
| US08435890B2 |
Method to alter silicide properties using GCIB treatment
A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device is described. The method comprises performing a gas cluster ion beam (GCIB) pre-treatment and/or post-treatment of at least a portion of a silicon-containing substrate during formation of a silicide region. |
| US08435886B2 |
Method and system for binding halide-based contaminants
A method and apparatus are presented for reducing halide-based contamination within deposited titanium-based thin films. Halide adsorbing materials are utilized within the deposition chamber to remove halides, such as chlorine and chlorides, during the deposition process so that contamination of the titanium-based film is minimized. A method for regenerating the halide adsorbing material is also provided. |
| US08435885B2 |
Method and system for extracting samples after patterning of microstructure devices
Analysis of chemical and physical characteristics of polymer species and etch residues caused in critical plasma-assisted etch processes for patterning material layers in semiconductor devices may be accomplished by removing at least a portion of these species on the basis of a probing material layer, which may be lifted-off from the patterned surface. The probing material layer may substantially suppress a chemical modification of the species of interest and may thus allow the examination of the initial status of these species. |
| US08435879B2 |
Method for making group III nitride articles
Group III (Al, Ga, In)N single crystals, articles and films useful for producing optoelectronic devices (such as light emitting diodes (LEDs), laser diodes (LDs) and photodetectors) and electronic devices (such as high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs)) composed of III-V nitride compounds, and methods for fabricating such crystals, articles and films. |
| US08435877B2 |
Methods of manufacturing semiconductor devices
A semiconductor device includes gate structures including a tunnel insulating layer pattern, a floating gate, a dielectric layer pattern and a control gate sequentially disposed on a substrate. The control gate includes an impurity doped polysilicon layer pattern and a metal layer pattern. The gate structures are spaced apart from each other on the substrate. A capping layer pattern is disposed on a sidewall portion of the metal layer pattern and includes a metal oxide. An insulating layer covers the gate structures and the capping layer pattern. The insulating layer is formed on the substrate and includes an air-gap therein. |
| US08435874B2 |
Method of forming openings in a semiconductor device and a semiconductor device fabricated by the method
A method of forming openings to a layer of a semiconductor device comprises forming a dielectric layer over the layer of the semiconductor device, and forming a mask over the dielectric layer. The mask comprises a plurality of mask openings arranged in a regular pattern extending over the dielectric layer and the plurality of mask openings include a plurality of first mask openings and a plurality of second mask openings, each of the plurality of first mask openings being greater in size than each of the plurality of second mask openings. The method further comprises reducing the size of the plurality of second mask openings such that each of the second mask openings is substantially closed and removing portions of the dielectric layer through the plurality of first mask openings to provide openings extending through the dielectric layer to the layer. |
| US08435873B2 |
Unguarded Schottky barrier diodes with dielectric underetch at silicide interface
One embodiment of the invention relates to an unguarded Schottky barrier diode. The diode includes a cathode that has a recessed region and a dielectric interface surface that laterally extends around a perimeter of the recessed region. The diode further includes an anode that conforms to the recessed region. A dielectric layer extends over the dielectric interface surface of the cathode and further extends over a portion of the anode near the perimeter. Other devices and methods are also disclosed. |
| US08435872B2 |
Method and apparatus for manufacturing semiconductor device
According to one embodiment, in a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device, a surface region of a semiconductor substrate is modified into an amorphous layer. A microwave is irradiated to the semiconductor substrate in which the amorphous layer is formed in a dopant-containing gas atmosphere so as to form a diffusion layer in the semiconductor substrate. The dopant is diffused into the amorphous layer and is activated. |
| US08435871B2 |
Method for manufacturing semiconductor device, and semiconductor device and electronic device
To provide a high-performance semiconductor device using an SOI substrate in which a substrate having low heat resistance is used as a base substrate, to provide a high-performance semiconductor device without performing mechanical polishing, and to provide an electronic device using the semiconductor device, planarity of a semiconductor layer is improved and defects in the semiconductor layer are reduced by laser beam irradiation. Accordingly, a high-performance semiconductor device can be provided without performing mechanical polishing. In addition, a semiconductor device is manufactured using a region having the most excellent characteristics in a region irradiated with the laser beam. Specifically, instead of the semiconductor layer in a region which is irradiated with the edge portion of the laser beam, the semiconductor layer in a region which is irradiated with portions of the laser beam except the edge portion is used as a semiconductor element. Accordingly, performance of the semiconductor device can be greatly improved. Moreover, an excellent electronic device can be provided. |
| US08435869B2 |
Method for manufacturing semiconductor device
A method for manufacturing a semiconductor device includes forming a semiconductor laminated structure on a substrate as a wafer including semiconductor laser structures; forming a first groove between the semiconductor laser structures on a major surface of the wafer; separating the wafer to laser bars including at least two of the semiconductor laser structures arrayed in a bar shape, after forming the first groove; forming a second groove in the first groove of the laser bars, the second groove having a width no wider than the first groove; and separating one of the laser bars into respective semiconductor lasers along the second groove. |
| US08435867B2 |
Method of manufacturing semiconductor device and method of manufacturing electronic device
Foreign matter formed over (or adhered to) a surface of a lead is reliably removed. A laser beam is applied to a residual resin (sealing body) which is formed in (or adhered to) a region surrounded by a sealing body (a first sealing body), a lead exposed (projected) from the sealing body, and a dam bar. The foreign matter formed over (or adhered to) the surface of the lead can be reliably removed by washing the surface of the lead after the removal of the residual resin. Thus, in a subsequent plating step, the reliability (wettability, adhesion with the lead) of a plating film to be formed over the surface of the lead can be improved. |
| US08435865B2 |
Method of manufacturing super-junction semiconductor device
A method of manufacturing a super-junction semiconductor device facilitates suppressing the shape change caused in the alignment mark in the upper epitaxial layer transferred from the alignment mark in the lower epitaxial layer to be small enough to detect the transferred alignment mark with a few additional steps, even if the epitaxial layer growth rate is high. Alignment mark groups, each formed of trenches including parallel linear planar patterns and used in any of the multiple epitaxial layer growth cycles, are formed collectively on a scribe line between semiconductor chip sections; and the mesa region width between the trenches in each alignment mark group indicated by the distance between the single-headed arrows, facing opposite to each other and drawn in alignment mark groups is set to be one fourth of the designed total epitaxial layer thickness at the end of each epitaxial layer growth cycle or longer. |
| US08435863B2 |
Reverse-conducting semiconductor device and method for manufacturing such a reverse-conducting semiconductor device
A reverse-conducting semiconductor device (RC-IGBT) including a freewheeling diode and an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), and a method for making the RC-IGBT are provided. A first layer of a first conductivity type is created on a collector side before a second layer of a second conductivity type is created on the collector side. An electrical contact in direct electrical contact with the first and second layers is created on the collector side. A shadow mask is applied on the collector side, and a third layer of the first conductivity type is created through the shadow mask. At least one electrically conductive island, which is part of a second electrical contact in the finalized RC-IGBT, is created through the shadow mask. The island is used as a mask for creating the second layer, and those parts of the third layer which are covered by the island form the second layer. |
| US08435861B2 |
Method of manufacturing a semiconductor device having different kinds of insulating films with different thicknesses
A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device includes oxidizing a surface of a semiconductor substrate to form a first insulating film covering a first area, a second area, and a third area of the semiconductor substrate; removing the portions of the first insulating film lying on the first area and the second area; oxidizing the surface of the semiconductor substrate to form a second insulating film covering the first area and the second area and further oxidizing the third area covered with the first insulating film; and removing the portion of the second insulating film lying on from the second area and the portion of the first insulating film lying on the third area. |
| US08435857B2 |
Method for manufacturing semiconductor memory device
According to one embodiment, a method for manufacturing a semiconductor memory device, includes forming a stacked body on a substrate by alternately stacking a first insulating film and a second insulating film, making a through-hole extending in a stacking direction of the first insulating film and the second insulating film to pierce the stacked body, forming at least a portion of a blocking insulating film, a charge trap film, and a tunneling dielectric film of a MONOS on an inner surface of the through-hole, forming a channel semiconductor on the tunneling dielectric film, making a trench in the stacked body, removing the second insulating film by performing etching via the trench, and filling a conductive material into a space made by the removing of the second insulating film. |
| US08435856B2 |
Floating gate flash cell device and method for partially etching silicon gate to form the same
A method for forming a split gate flash cell memory device provides for establishing a floating gate region then using spacers or other hard mask materials that cover opposed edges of a gate electrode material in the gate region, to serve as hard masks during an etching operation that partially etches the gate electrode material which may be polysilicon. The gate electrode so produced serves as a floating gate electrode and includes a recessed central portion flanked by a pair of opposed upwardly extending fins which may terminate upwardly at an apex. A floating gate oxide is then formed by thermal oxidation and/or oxide deposition techniques. |
| US08435855B2 |
Methods of manufacturing semiconductor devices
A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, the method including providing a substrate, the substrate including single crystalline silicon and having the first region and a second region; growing a pillar from a top surface of the substrate in the first region; forming a vertical channel transistor including a first gate structure such that first gate structure surrounds a central portion of the pillar; and forming a second transistor on the second region of the substrate such that the second transistor includes a second gate structure. |
| US08435854B1 |
Top electrode templating for DRAM capacitor
A method for forming a DRAM MIM capacitor stack having low leakage current involves the use of a first electrode that serves as a template for promoting the high k phase of a subsequently deposited dielectric layer. The high k dielectric layer comprises a doped material that can be crystallized after a subsequent annealing treatment. A metal oxide second electrode layer is formed above the dielectric layer. The metal oxide second electrode layer has a crystal structure that is compatible with the crystal structure of the dielectric layer. Optionally, a second electrode bulk layer is formed above the metal oxide second electrode layer. |
| US08435853B2 |
Method for forming a semiconductor device, and a semiconductor with an integrated poly-diode
A method for forming a field effect power semiconductor is provided. The method includes providing a semiconductor body, a conductive region arranged next to a main surface of the semiconductor body, and an insulating layer arranged on the main horizontal surface. A narrow trench is etched through the insulating layer to expose the conductive region. A polycrystalline semiconductor layer is deposited and a vertical poly-diode structure is formed. The polycrystalline semiconductor layer has a minimum vertical thickness of at least half of the maximum horizontal extension of the narrow trench. A polycrystalline region which forms at least a part of a vertical poly-diode structure is formed in the narrow trench by maskless back-etching of the polycrystalline semiconductor layer. Further, a semiconductor device with a trench poly-diode is provided. |
| US08435851B2 |
Implementing semiconductor SoC with metal via gate node high performance stacked transistors
A method and structures are provided for implementing metal via gate node high performance stacked vertical transistors in a back end of line (BEOL) on a semiconductor System on Chip (SoC). The high performance stacked vertical transistors include a pair of stacked vertical field effect transistors (FETs) formed by polycrystalline depositions in a stack between planes of a respective global signal routing wire. A channel length of each of the stacked vertical FETs is delineated by the polycrystalline depositions with sequential source deposition, channel deposition and drain deposition; and a wire via defines the gate node. |
| US08435839B2 |
Method of manufacturing semiconductor device and the semiconductor device
A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device which can reduce the number of times of resin-injection, thereby facilitating the miniaturization of the semiconductor device, and the semiconductor device. After resin is injected into a space between at least two second semiconductor chips flip-chip joined to a first semiconductor chip through an injection opening, the resin is hardened. |
| US08435836B2 |
Interconnect structures for stacked dies, including penetrating structures for through-silicon vias, and associated systems and methods
Interconnect structures for stacked dies, including penetrating structures for through-silicon vias, and associated systems and methods are disclosed. A system in accordance with a particular embodiment includes a first semiconductor substrate having a first substrate material, and a penetrating structure carried by the first semiconductor substrate. The system further includes a second semiconductor substrate having a second substrate material with a preformed recess. The penetrating structure of the first semiconductor substrate is received in the recess of the second semiconductor substrate and is mechanically engaged with the recess and secured to the second semiconductor substrate. |
| US08435832B2 |
Double self-aligned metal oxide TFT
A method of fabricating MOTFTs on transparent substrates includes positioning opaque gate metal on the front surface of a transparent substrate and depositing transparent gate dielectric, transparent metal oxide semiconductor material, and passivation material on the gate metal and the surrounding area. Portions of the passivation material are exposed from the rear surface of the substrate. Exposed portions are removed to define a channel area overlying the gate area. A relatively thick conductive metal material is selectively deposited on the exposed areas of the semiconductor material to form thick metal source/drain contacts. The selective deposition includes either plating or printing and processing a metal paste. |
| US08435829B2 |
Method for producing a light-emitting element
A method of producing a light-emitting element is provided. The method includes forming a first half-transmitting/reflecting film and a second half-transmitting/reflecting film sequentially on an organic layer by physical vapor deposition. |
| US08435822B2 |
Patterning electrode materials free from berm structures for thin film photovoltaic cells
A method for forming a thin film photovoltaic device having patterned electrode films includes providing a soda lime glass substrate with an overlying lower electrode layer comprising a molybdenum material. The method further includes subjecting the lower electrode layer with one or more pulses of electromagnetic radiation from a laser source to ablate one or more patterns associated with one or more berm structures from the lower electrode layer. Furthermore, the method includes processing the lower electrode layer comprising the one or more patterns using a mechanical brush device to remove the one or more berm structures followed by treating the lower electrode layer comprising the one or more patterns free from the one or more berm structures. The method further includes forming a layer of photovoltaic material overlying the lower electrode layer and forming a first zinc oxide layer overlying the layer of photovoltaic material. |
| US08435820B2 |
Patterned substrate for hetero-epitaxial growth of group-III nitride film
A circuit structure includes a substrate and a film over the substrate and including a plurality of portions allocated as a plurality of rows. Each of the plurality of rows of the plurality of portions includes a plurality of convex portions and a plurality of concave portions. In each of the plurality of rows, the plurality of convex portions and the plurality of concave portions are allocated in an alternating pattern. |
| US08435819B2 |
Method for making light emitting diode
A method for making a light emitting diode, the method includes the following steps. First, a substrate having an epitaxial growth surface is provided. Second, a carbon nanotube layer is placed on the epitaxial growth surface. Third, a first semiconductor layer, an active layer and a second semiconductor layer are grown on the epitaxial growth surface. Fourth, a portion of the second semiconductor layer and the active layer is etched to expose a portion of the first semiconductor layer. Fifth, a first electrode is prepared on the first semiconductor layer and a second electrode is prepared on the second semiconductor layer. Sixth, the carbon nanotube layer is removed. |
| US08435817B2 |
Method of manufacturing organic light emitting device and method of manufacturing organic light emitting display apparatus using the same
A method of manufacturing an organic light emitting device that readily increases the characteristics of an intermediate layer having an organic light emitting layer, and a method of manufacturing an organic light emitting display apparatus. The method of manufacturing an organic light emitting device includes preparing a substrate having a first electrode; disposing the substrate on a base member; disposing a donor film that covers the substrate and contacts the base member exposed around the substrate; combining the base member and the donor film; forming an intermediate layer having an organic light emitting layer on the first electrode by performing a transfer process in a laser thermal transfer apparatus after placing the base member and the donor film combined with each other with the substrate interposed therebetween in the laser thermal transfer apparatus; and forming a second electrode on the intermediate layer. |
| US08435813B2 |
Light emitting device and method of manufacturing the same
Provided is a light emitting device and a method of manufacturing the same. The light emitting device comprises a transparent substrate, an n-type compound semiconductor layer formed on the transparent substrate, an active layer, a p-type compound semiconductor layer, and a p-type electrode sequentially formed on a first region of the n-type compound semiconductor layer, and an n-type electrode formed on a second region separated from the first region of the n-type compound semiconductor layer, wherein the p-type electrode comprises first and second electrodes, each electrode having different resistance and reflectance. |
| US08435811B2 |
Method for manufacturing evaporation donor substrate and light-emitting device
An evaporation donor substrate which enables only a desired evaporation material to be evaporated at the time of deposition by an evaporation method, and capable of reduction in manufacturing cost by increase in use efficiency of the evaporation material and deposition with high uniformity. An evaporation donor substrate capable of controlling laser light so that a desired position of an evaporation donor substrate is irradiated with the laser light in accordance with the wavelength of the emitted laser light at the time of evaporation. Specifically, an evaporation donor substrate in which a region which reflects laser light and a region which absorbs laser light at the time of irradiation with laser light having a wavelength of greater than or equal to 400 nm and less than or equal to 600 nm at the time of evaporation are formed. |
| US08435809B2 |
Vertical mirror in a silicon photonic circuit
A vertical total internal reflection (TIR) mirror and fabrication thereof is made by creating a re-entrant profile using crystallographic silicon etching. Starting with an SOI wafer, a deep silicon etch is used to expose the buried oxide layer, which is then wet-etched (in HF), opening the bottom surface of the Si device layer. This bottom silicon surface is then exposed so that in a crystallographic etch, the resulting shape is a re-entrant trapezoid with facets These facets can be used in conjunction with planar silicon waveguides to reflect the light upwards based on the TIR principle. Alternately, light can be coupled into the silicon waveguides from above the wafer for such purposes as wafer level testing. |
| US08435796B2 |
Use of a fabric comprising a specific material for detecting the presence of a chemical substance
A method for using of a fabric comprising a material chosen from metals, metallic alloys, polymers, inorganic compounds and mixtures thereof, which material is capable of detecting the presence of a chemical substance, for the detection of said chemical substance. |
| US08435785B2 |
Method of forming dendritic cells from embryonic stem cells
This invention relates to the culture of dendritic cells from human embryonic stem (ES) cells. Human ES cells are first cultured into hematopoietic cells by co-culture with stromal cells. The cells now differentiated into the hematopoietic lineage are then cultured with GM-CSF to create a culture of myeloid precursor cells. Culture of the myeloid precursor cells with the cytokines GM-CSF and IL-4 causes functional dendritic cells to be generated. The dendritic cells have a unique phenotype, as indicated by their combination of cell surface markers. |
| US08435784B2 |
Cryopreservation of haptenized tumor cells
A method of preserving haptenized tumor cells is described. The method employs a freezing medium containing an effective amount of sucrose and human serum albumin in an isotonic buffered saline solution. Cryogenically preserving haptenized cells in such a medium has been found to maintain the integrity of the tumor cells during storage. The haptenized tumor cells also retain cell-associated antigens and haptens, and are as immunogenic, i.e., capable of inducing immunotherapeutic response, as fresh vaccine in a mouse model of metastatic disease. In a specific embodiment, haptenized cells are exposed to a solution of 8% sucrose, 10% human serum albumin in Hank's buffered solution, and then frozen to −80° C. overnight and then stored in a liquid nitrogen freezer. Methods of storing haptenized tumor cells and compositions are also provided. |
| US08435779B2 |
Process for producing a virus-inactivated thrombin preparation
The present invention relates to processes for the preparation of virus inactivated thrombin, and to the products prepared by these processes. |
| US08435777B1 |
CPG-free gene for a new secreted reporter protein
A synthetic gene devoid of CpG nucleotide derived by genetic engineering from copepod luciferases genes that code for a new secreted luciferase with a strong bioluminescent signal. This gene display advantageous properties to be used as a reporter genes in cell based assays. |
| US08435775B2 |
Mutant Pfu DNA polymerase
The present invention relates to an engineered polymerase with an expanded substrate range characterized in that the polymerase is capable of incorporating an enhanced occurrence of detection agent-labeled nucleotide analogue into nucleic acid synthesized by that engineered polymerase as compared with the wild type polymerase from which it is derived. |
| US08435771B2 |
Fermentation of a lignocellulose-containing material
The invention relates to a process of fermenting a hydrolysed pre-treated lignocellulose-containing material to produce a fermentation product. |
| US08435769B2 |
Use of glyphosate to produce shikimic acid in microorganisms
The present invention provides methods for producing shikimic acid. In particular the invention provides methods for producing and isolating shikimic acid from a microorganism. Additionally, the invention provides methods for synthesizing compounds such as oseltamivir and 6-fluoroshikimic acid using shikimic acid produced from microorganisms. |
| US08435768B2 |
Method for producing succinic acid using a yeast belonging to the genus Yarrowia
The present invention provides a method for producing succinic acid using a yeast belonging to the genus Yarrowia, which has been modified to reduce activity of succinate dehydrogenase in said yeast. |
| US08435767B2 |
Renewable chemical production from novel fatty acid feedstocks
Disclosed herein are methods of manufacturing renewable chemicals through the manufacture of novel triglyceride oils followed by chemical modification of the oils. Methods such as transesterification, hydrogenation, hydrocracking, deoxygenation, isomerization, interesterification, hydroxylation, hydrolysis and saponification are disclosed. Novel oils containing fatty acid chain lengths of C8, C10, C12 or C14 are also disclosed and are useful as feedstocks in the methods of the invention. |
| US08435762B2 |
Chimeric ligand-gated ion channels and methods of use thereof
The present invention provides novel chimeric receptors that have unique pharmacology. In particular, the chimeric receptors comprise a mutated ligand binding domain of the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor fused to a transmembrane or channel domain from a ligand-gated ion channel protein. The mutations in the ligand binding domain confer selective binding of compounds. Methods of using the novel chimeric receptors of the invention as well as compounds that preferentially bind and activate the chimeric receptors are also disclosed. |
| US08435759B2 |
Plasmid-encoded neurotoxin genes in Clostridium botulinum serotype A subtypes
The present invention provides a novel isolated plasmid, wherein the plasmid is a native plasmid found in unique C. botulinum type A strains and encode either BoNT/A3 or BoNT/A4 and BoNT/B. The present invention also provides a method of obtaining a plasmid-encoded botulinum neurotoxin and botulinum neurotoxin complex comprising the step of isolating a plasmid encoding the cntA/A or cntA/B neurotoxin gene and genes encoding protein components of the toxin complex from a C. botulinum type A strain. The inventors performed comparative analyzes of representative BoNT/A subtype strains by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and Southern hybridizations with probes specific for the BoNT/A and B genes, cntA/A and cntA/B. Unexpectedly, the inventors determined that the genes encoding BoNT/A3 in the A3 strain, and BoNT/A4 and BoNT/B in the A4 strain, are on plasmids. |
| US08435758B2 |
Manipulation of SNF1 kinase for altered oil content in oleaginous organisms
Methods of increasing the total lipid content in a eukaryotic cell, the total content of polyunsaturated fatty acids [“PUFAs”], and/or the ratio of desaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids by reducing the activity of the heterotrimeric SNF1 protein kinase are disclosed. Preferably, the chromosomal genes encoding the Snf1 α-subunit, Gal83 β-subunit or Snf4 γ-subunit of the SNF1 protein kinase, the upstream regulatory genes encoding Sak1, Hxk2, Glk1 or Reg1, or the downstream genes encoding Rme1, Cbr1 or Snf3 are manipulated in a PUFA-producing strain of the oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica, resulting in increased total lipid content, as compared to the parent strain comprising the heterotrimeric SNF1 protein kinase not having reduced activity. |
| US08435757B2 |
Mass spectrometric endopeptidase assay
The activity of a selected endopeptidase in a body fluid is determined by the mass spectrometric measurement of the reaction products of reporter substrate molecules added to the body fluid. Each reporter substrate molecule includes a peptide with the cleavage motif of the endopeptidase, an anchor group A1 on one side of the cleavage site and a different anchor group A2 on the other side of the cleavage site. One anchor is used to extract the reporter substrate molecules from the body fluid and the other anchor is used to extract digest fragments of the reporter molecules from the body fluid. Mass markers allow several reporter substrates to be used simultaneously in the same body fluid sample to measure the activity of different types of endopeptidase. |
| US08435753B2 |
Tissue differentiation method based on surface enhanced Raman scattering
This invention is related to sample preparation by a tissue differentiation method based on surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) which enables fast and accurate pathological identification for tissue differentiation by means of surface-enhanced Raman scattering. The preparation of the sample includes homogenising a tissue sample by adding liquid nitrogen (104), crushing the frozen tissue and bringing it to a liquefied form (105). |
| US08435751B2 |
Membrane for cell expansion
A membrane which can be used for cultivating cells, in particular adherent cells. The membrane permits the adhesion and proliferation of the cells based on its specific composition comprising polyurethane. The resulting surface characteristics further permit the membrane to be used without any pre-treatment with surface modifying substances. A method for preparing a membrane which can be used for cultivating cells, in particular adherent cells. Methods of using the membrane for cultivating cells, in particular adherent cells. |
| US08435750B2 |
Identification of tissue for debridement
Provided are methods of determining whether a cell in a tissue site is viable or nonviable. Also provided are methods of debriding tissue from a tissue site. Further provided are kits comprising a compound that distinguishes between viable and nonviable cells and instructions for using the compound on a tissue site. Additionally, the use of a compound that distinguishes between viable and nonviable cells is provided, where the use is to determine whether a cell in a tissue site is viable or nonviable. Also provided is a use of a compound that distinguishes between viable and nonviable cells, where the use is for the manufacture of the above-described kit. |
| US08435749B2 |
Anti-CDH3 antibodies labeled with radioisotope label and uses thereof
The present invention relates to anti-CDH3 antibodies, which can be labeled with a radioisotope. Moreover, the present invention provides methods and pharmaceutical compositions that comprise an anti-CDH3 antibody as an active ingredient. Since CDH3 is strongly expressed in pancreatic, lung, colon, prostate, breast, gastric or liver cancer cells, the present invention is useful in pancreatic, lung, colon, prostate, breast, gastric or liver cancer therapies. |
| US08435745B2 |
Methods of using IL-31 antagonists in diseases mediated by cutaneous lymphocyte antigen positive T cells
The present invention relates to predicting therapeutic response of treating patients suffering from itching and puritis mediated by cutaneous lymphocyte antigen positive T cells in atopic dermatitis. The invention also includes methods of predicting a therapeutically responsive patient population. |
| US08435739B2 |
Gene expression profiling from FFPE samples
Methods and compositions relating to the generation and use of gene expression data from tissue samples that have been fixed and embedded are provided. The data can electronically stored and implemented as well as used to augment diagnosis and treatment of diseases. |
| US08435734B2 |
Cancer marker and use thereof
This invention provides a method for cancer diagnosis comprising measuring an endogenous antisense RNA whose relative expression to a sense RNA changes cancer-specifically in RNA-containing samples collected from a mammal. Also provided are endogenous antisense RNAs useful as cancer markers, and cancer diagnostic reagents containing the same. |
| US08435732B2 |
Chimeric construct of mungbean yellow mosaic india virus (MYMIV) and its uses thereof
A recombinant DNA construct, recombinant vectors and host cells comprising the dimers of DNA A and DNA B of Mungbean Yellow Mosaic India Virus (MYMIV) in a single Ti plasmid are provided herein. |
| US08435731B2 |
Markers for viral infections and other inflammatory responses
Compositions and methods for the detection, diagnosis and treatment of BVDV are provided. |
| US08435729B2 |
Sperm cryoprotective media
Described herein is a composition that comprises a cryoprotectant; a membrane protectant that stabilizes or assists in stabilization of membranes of sperm; and a free radical scavenger (e.g., a reducing agent, an antioxidant). |
| US08435727B2 |
Method and system for modifying photoresist using electromagnetic radiation and ion implantation
A method of reducing surface roughness of a resist feature disposed on a substrate includes generating a plasma having a plasma sheath and ions therein. A shape of the boundary between the plasma and plasma sheath is modified using a plasma sheath modifier, so that a portion of the boundary facing the substrate is not parallel to a plane defined by the substrate. During a first exposure, the resist feature is exposed to electromagnetic radiation having a desired wavelength and the ions are accelerated across the boundary having the modified shape toward the resist features over an angular range. |
| US08435723B2 |
Pattern forming method and device production method
A pattern forming method includes coating, on a wafer, a negative resist and a positive resist which has a higher sensitivity; exposing the positive resist and the negative resist on the wafer with an image of a line-and-space pattern; and developing the positive resist and the negative resist in a direction parallel to a normal line of a surface of the wafer. A fine pattern, which exceeds the resolution limit of an exposure apparatus, can be formed by using the lithography process without performing the overlay exposure. |
| US08435720B2 |
Lithographic printing plate precursor and plate making method thereof
A lithographic printing plate precursor includes, in the following order: a support; an image-recording layer which is capable of forming an image by removing an unexposed area of the image-recording layer with at least one of printing ink and dampening water on a printing machine after exposure and contains an infrared absorbing dye, a polymerization initiator, a polymerizable compound and a binder polymer having an alkylene oxide group; and a protective layer containing a hydrophilic polymer which contains at least a repeating unit represented by the formula (1) as defined herein, a repeating unit represented by the formula (2) as defined herein, and a repeating unit represented by the formula (4) as defined herein, and in which a content of the repeating unit represented by the formula (4) is from 0.3 to 5.0% by mole based on total repeating units of the hydrophilic polymer. |
| US08435718B2 |
Upper layer-forming composition and photoresist patterning method
An upper layer-forming composition includes a resin, and a solvent. The resin is dissolvable in a developer for a photoresist film which is to be covered by the upper layer-forming composition to form a pattern by exposure to radiation. The solvent dissolves the resin in the solvent. The solvent includes a compound shown by a formula (1). Each of R1 and R2 independently represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or a halogenated hydrocarbon group. R1—O—R2 (1) |
| US08435717B2 |
Compound for photoacid generator, resist composition using the same, and pattern-forming method
A sulfonic acid onium salt represented by the following formula (1) can be used as a superior radiosensitive acid generator for resist compositions. It is possible to form a good pattern by using a resist composition containing this sulfonic acid onium salt. In formula (1), R1 represents a monovalent organic group, and Q+ represents a sulfonium cation or iodonium cation. |
| US08435713B2 |
Blends of fullerene derivatives, and uses thereof in electronic devices
Disclosed are compositions of mixed fullerene derivatives with utility in organic semiconductors, and methods of making and using such compositions. In certain embodiments, the present invention relates to compositions of mixed fullerene derivatives further comprising one or more additional fullerene-based components within specified ranges. In certain other embodiments, the invention relates to methods of producing mixed fullerene derivatives of a specific composition from mixed fullerene starting materials, or pure fullerene derivatives of a specific composition from mixed fullerene derivatives. In yet other embodiments, the invention relates to semiconductors and devices comprising a composition of the invention. |
| US08435712B2 |
Developer for selective printing of raised information by electrography
The use of electrographic printing to prepare prints which have a desired tactile feel or raised information in a controlled manner by utilizing a developer having toner particle size larger than 50 microns volume average diameter and carrier particles larger than the toner particle size such that the volume average distribution overlap between the toner distribution curve and carrier particle distribution curve is less than 35% and the carrier and toner particles have a volume average diameter size differential equal to or greater than 5 microns or the ratio of carrier-to-toner volume average diameter exceeds 1.25. |
| US08435710B2 |
Toner for electrostatic image development
A toner for electrostatic image development containing an external additive comprising composite oxide particles made of titania and silica (external additive A), and hydrophobic silica particles (external additive B), wherein the external additive A has a core-shell structure in which a core portion is made of titania and a shell portion is made of silica, wherein the titania is contained in the external additive A in an amount of from 75 to 95% by weight, and wherein the external additive B has a carbon content of from 2.8 to 6.0% by weight. The toner for electrostatic image development of the present invention is suitably used in, for example, the development or the like of latent image formed in electrophotography, an electrostatic recording method, an electrostatic printing method, or the like. |
| US08435709B2 |
Toner for developing latent electrostatic image, process cartridge and image forming method
A toner for developing a latent electrostatic image produced by suspension polymerizing a polymerizable monomer composition in an aqueous dispersion medium, wherein the polymerizable monomer composition contains a polymerizable monomer, a colorant, and a layered inorganic mineral in which at least a part of an interlayer ion is replaced with an organic ion, and a process cartridge and an image forming method using the toner. |
| US08435708B2 |
Magenta toner for light fixing, developer for electrostatic image, developer cartridge, and image forming apparatus
A magenta toner contains a binder resin; at least one selected from a diimonium compound represented by the following general formula (1) and an aminium compound represented by the following general formula (2); and a monomethylquinacridone: where in the general formulae (1) and (2), Rl, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7 and R8 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an unsubstituted or substituted and linear alkyl group, an unsubstituted or substituted and branched alkyl group, an unsubstituted or substituted and cyclic alkyl group, an unsubstituted or substituted and linear alkenyl group, an unsubstituted or substituted and branched alkenyl group, an unsubstituted or substituted and cyclic alkenyl group, or an unsubstituted or substituted aralkyl group; and X−represents an anion. |
| US08435702B2 |
Manufacturing method of semiconductor device and manufacturing method of mask
Provided is a technique capable of improving the dimensional accuracy of a transfer pattern in a lithography technique in which EUV light is used and the EUV light is incident obliquely on a mask and an image of the EUV light reflected from the mask is formed on a semiconductor substrate (resist film), thereby transferring the pattern formed on the mask onto the semiconductor substrate. The present invention is based on a lithography technique in which EUV light is used and an exposure optical system in which the EUV light is obliquely incident on a mask is used. In this lithography technique, an absorber and a difference in level are formed on the mask, and a projective component projected on a mask surface out of a direction cosine component of the incident light is set to be almost orthogonal to an extending direction of the difference in level. |
| US08435700B2 |
Fuel cell system with fuel tank liner, method for supplying fuel gas, and mobile body
An object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell system configured to be able to suppress loads imposed on a liner caused by gas filling, as well as a method for supplying fuel gas in the fuel cell system, and a mobile body. The fuel cell system includes a fuel cell, a tank which includes a liner and a reinforcement layer formed on an outer peripheral surface of the liner and in which fuel gas is stored, an adjustment device configured to adjust a supply amount of fuel gas to be fed from the tank to the fuel cell, an information acquisition section configured to acquire information on a pressure and a temperature in the tank, a calculation section configured to calculate a gap amount between the liner and the reinforcement layer based on information acquired by the information acquisition section during operation of the fuel cell system, and a decision section configured to decide whether or not to limit the supply amount based on the calculated gap amount. |
| US08435697B2 |
Fuel cell system with pressure regulator and method for driving same
A fuel system with a high power generation efficiency in which drive means can be reduced in size. The fuel cell system of the present invention is equipped with a fuel cell (FC) for generating power by circulating a fuel gas and comprises a circulation route (R) for circulating the fuel gas, drive means (PM) provided in the circulation route (R) and serving to circulate the fuel gas, and pressure regulating means (RG) for regulating the pressure of the fuel gas in the circulatory route (R). A drive characteristic of the drive means (PM) is determined based on the generated power required for the fuel cell, and the pressure regulation quantity of the pressure regulating means (RG) is determined to make up the deficiency of the drive quantity based on the determined drive characteristic of the drive means (PM). |
| US08435694B2 |
Molten carbonate fuel cell cathode with mixed oxide coating
A molten carbonate fuel cell cathode having a cathode body and a coating of a mixed oxygen ion conductor materials. The mixed oxygen ion conductor materials are formed from ceria or doped ceria, such as gadolinium doped ceria or yttrium doped ceria. The coating is deposited on the cathode body using a sol-gel process, which utilizes as precursors organometallic compounds, organic and inorganic salts, hydroxides or alkoxides and which uses as the solvent water, organic solvent or a mixture of same. |
| US08435692B2 |
Fuel cell
An object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell including a reaction gas supply path which makes it difficult to cause water condensation in a region near an end plate. A fuel cell of the present invention comprises a cell stack 2 having a reaction gas passage 13a inside thereof and having on one end surface thereof a reaction gas supply inlet 17 from which a reaction gas is supplied to the reaction gas passage 13a, a joint 5 connecting the reaction gas supply inlet 17 to an external pipe P for supplying the reaction gas, plate-shaped end members 3, 4 which are disposed on one end surface of the cell stack 2 and have through-holes 21, 23 into which the joint 5 is inserted so as not to contact inner wall surfaces thereof, and a closing member 9 for substantially closing a space formed between the joint 5 and the inner wall surfaces of the through-holes 21, 23. |
| US08435688B2 |
Cooling apparatus of fuel cell vehicle
A fuel cell two-wheel vehicle is provided with: a fuel cell, fuel tanks, a supercharger, a pipe line, an in-wheel motor, and a motor driver. The fuel cell generates electric power using hydrogen and air as reaction sources. The fuel tanks supply hydrogen to the fuel cell through a hydrogen supply path. The supercharger supplies air from the outside air to the fuel cell. Through the pipe line, an exhaust from the fuel cell is discharged to the outside. The in-wheel motor serves as a driving source of the fuel cell two-wheel vehicle, and the motor driver drives the in-wheel motor. In an air system, a route and an outlet of the pipe line are arranged to be directed toward the motor driver. Thus, a heat sink is exposed to the discharged air having passed through the fuel cell, and thereby the motor driver is cooled. |
| US08435686B2 |
Fuel cell system
A fuel cell system is provided that can suppress the degradation of the MEA and simultaneously assure the merchantability. The fuel cell system 1 includes: a fuel cell 10 that generates electric power by reacting hydrogen gas and oxidant gas; a temperature sensor 103 that detects the temperature of the fuel cell 10; a voltage lower limit calculation portion 31 that sets the voltage threshold to limit the output of the fuel cell 10 based on the temperature detected of the fuel cell 10; a current upper limit calculation portion 32 and the current limiting portion 33 that limits the output of the fuel cell in a case where the voltage generated by the fuel cell 10 is lower than the voltage threshold. |
| US08435685B2 |
Hydrogen generating apparatus and fuel cell power generation system
A hydrogen generating apparatus can include an absorbent layer that absorbs an aqueous solution, a metal membrane deposited on either side of the absorbent layer such that the absorbent layer is interposed between the metal membranes, and a support layer formed on one side of one of the metal membranes that transports hydrogen generated by a reaction between the aqueous solution and the metal membrane. A batch type reaction may thus be implemented between the aqueous solution and the metal membranes, so that the reaction can be controlled to provide an even rate of hydrogen generation. Possible disturbances to the reaction resulting from by-products can be prevented, and since there is no additional equipment required, the volume and weight of the fuel cell power generation system can be reduced, and the extra power consumption by the additional equipment can be avoided. |
| US08435680B2 |
Rechargeable lithium battery
A rechargeable lithium battery including: a positive electrode including a nickel-based positive active material; a negative electrode including a negative active material; and an electrolyte including a non-aqueous organic solvent, a lithium salt, a first fluoroethylene carbonate additive, a second vinylethylene carbonate additive, and a third alkane sultone additive, wherein when the battery is thicker than about 5mm, a mixing weight ratio of the first fluoroethylene carbonate additive to the second vinylethylene carbonate additive ranges from about 5:1 to about 10:1, or when the battery is thinner than about 5 mm, the mixing weight ratio of the first fluoroethylene carbonate additive to the second vinylethylene carbonate additive ranges from about 1:1 to about 4:1. |
| US08435678B2 |
Electrode material with enhanced ionic transport properties
Materials useful as electrodes for lithium batteries have very good electronic and ionic conductivities. They are fabricated from a starting mixture which includes a metal, a phosphate ion, and an additive which enhances the transport of lithium ions in the resultant material. The mixture is heated in a reducing environment to produce the material. The additive may comprise a pentavalent metal or a carbon. In certain embodiments the material is a two-phase material. Also disclosed are electrodes which incorporate the materials and lithium batteries which incorporate those electrodes. |
| US08435676B2 |
Mixed nano-filament electrode materials for lithium ion batteries
This invention provides a mixed nano-filament composition for use as an electrochemical cell electrode. The composition comprises: (a) an aggregate of nanometer-scaled, electrically conductive filaments that are substantially interconnected, intersected, or percolated to form a porous, electrically conductive filament network, wherein the filaments have a length and a diameter or thickness with the diameter/thickness less than 500 nm (preferably <100 nm) and a length-to-diameter or length-to-thickness aspect ratio greater than 10; and (b) Multiple nanometer-scaled, electro-active filaments comprising an electro-active material capable of absorbing and desorbing lithium ions wherein the electro-active filaments have a diameter or thickness less than 500 nm (preferably <100 nm). The electro-active filaments (e.g., nanowires) and the electrically conductive filaments (e.g., carbon nano fibers) are mixed to form a mat-, web-, or porous paper-like structure in which at least an electro-active filament is in electrical contact with at least an electrically conductive filament. Also provided is a lithium ion battery comprising such an electrode as an anode or cathode, or both. The battery exhibits an exceptionally high specific capacity, an excellent reversible capacity, and a long cycle life. |
| US08435675B2 |
Non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery with high capacity and good life characteristics
Disclosed is a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery comprising a positive electrode containing a nickel-containing lithium composite oxide, a negative electrode containing graphite, and a non-aqueous electrolyte. The cut-off voltage of charge of this non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery is 4.25 to 4.6 V. The negative electrode contains an additive that reacts with lithium at a potential higher than the potential of graphite. The ratio A/B of a positive electrode capacity A based on the weight of the nickel-containing lithium composite oxide and the cut-off voltage of charge relative to a weight B of the graphite contained in a portion of a negative electrode material mixture layer opposing to a positive electrode material mixture layer is 300 to 340 mAh/g, and the irreversible capacity C of the positive electrode and the irreversible capacity D of the negative electrode in the portion opposing to the positive electrode satisfies C≧D. |
| US08435674B2 |
Lithium battery
A lithium battery includes a cathode; an anode; and an organic electrolyte solution. The cathode includes cathode active materials that discharge oxygen during charging and discharging. The organic electrolyte solution includes: lithium salt; an organic solvent, and at least one selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by Formula 1 and Formula 2 below: P(R1)a(OR2)b Formula 1 O═P(R1)a(OR2)b. Formula 2 R1 is each independently a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C20 alkyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C30 aryl group. R2 is each independently a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C20 alkyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C30 aryl group. a and b are each independently in a range of about 0 to about 3 and a+b=3. |
| US08435668B2 |
Prismatic battery cell with integrated cooling passages and assembly frame
A battery cell assembly includes a main body configured to generate power from an electrochemical reaction. The main body has a first end and a second end, a first side and a second side, and a first major surface and a second major surface. A pair of electrical tabs extends outwardly at the first end of the main body. An insulating element is disposed adjacent the first major surface of the main body. A cooling element is disposed adjacent the second major surface of the main body. The cooling element includes at least one cooling passage. The at least one cooling passage is in heat exchange relationship with the main body and configured to transfer heat generated during the electrochemical reaction away from the main body. |
| US08435664B2 |
Battery system having temperature equalizing walls in ducts
A battery system including battery blocks (3) having a plurality of battery cells (1) stacked with cooling gaps (4) established between the battery cells to pass cooling gas; ventilating ducts (5), which are supply ducts (6) and exhaust ducts (7), disposed on both sides of the battery blocks to forcibly ventilate the cooling gaps; and ventilating apparatus (9) to force cooling gas to flow through the ventilating ducts. Cooling gas forcibly introduced by the ventilating apparatus flows from the supply ducts through the cooling gaps and into the exhaust ducts to cool the battery cells. In addition, the battery system has temperature equalizing walls (8) disposed in the supply ducts. The temperature equalizing walls are long and narrow with length in the direction of flow greater than the width, and each temperature equalizing wall gradually narrows towards the upstream end. |