| Document | Document Title |
|---|---|
| US08149885B2 |
Fiber laser processing apparatus
A fiber laser processing apparatus controls a LD drive current ILD in a power feedback control mode (FIG. 3E) such that output of a fiber laser beam FB rises substantially from zero or a value around zero to a preceding level having no substantial effect on laser processing and arrives at a desired level (PA) for the laser processing from a preceding level PB after a first time period (preceding pulse width TB) has elapsed (time point t2 of FIGS. 3A to 3F) from the start of the rising to the preceding level (time point t1 of FIGS. 3A to 3F), and this may effectively prevent occurrence of a high-peak pulse HP at the rising edge of the fiber laser beam FB (FIG. 3F). |
| US08149884B2 |
Jitter buffer control method and communication apparatus
Disclosed is an apparatus comprising a jitter buffer that writes and reads packets transmitted via a packet network from a transmission node, a clock correction unit that obtains an inter-packet jitter, based on difference information between time stamp information at the time of reception of the packet on a receiving side and time stamp information attached to the packet at the time of transmission of the packet by a transmission node with regards to packets received before and after and obtains a transmission frequency and a PLL unit that receives frequency information from the clock correction unit and generates a clock of the frequency. A scheduler uses a frequency from the PLL unit as a transmission frequency to transmit a packet from the jitter buffer unit. |
| US08149883B2 |
Data receiving device, data receiving method, and computer product
In a receiving device, time information is separated from received multimedia data, a first difference is calculated between two consecutive pieces of time information, and a second difference is calculated between reception timings of the two consecutive time information. Jitter is calculated from the first difference and the second difference, and a clock for reproducing the multimedia data is adjusted based on the calculated jitter. |
| US08149875B2 |
Packet-based data processing technique
A technique is provided for processing data in a packet-based communications environment. A single data packet is encapsulated into a single link layer packet data unit. The link layer unit is encoded to form at least one code block. After the currently available radio resource capacity during a fixed duration transmission interval has been determined, bits within the code block are selected to fit into or otherwise match the radio resource capacity. Thereafter, the selected bits are transmitted via a physical layer. In some variations, unsolicited redundant sets of bits are transmitted thereafter to facilitate successful receipt. |
| US08149873B2 |
Data transmission apparatus efficiently using network resources
A data transmission apparatus connecting to a network consisted of a plurality of data transmission apparatuses comprises a disconnecting device that disconnects a connection established between a transmission plug of a transmitting node and a reception plug of a receiving node, both nodes being connected to the network, an optimization requesting device that requests optimization of transmitting sequences to the transmitting node, a receiver that receives information about a transmission plug newly assigned to the transmitting sequence used by the transmitting nodes of which connection has been disconnected by the disconnecting device, the information being received as an answer for the optimization request from the transmitting node, and a connecting device that establishes a new connection between the newly assigned transmission plug and the reception plug of the receiving node of which connection has been disconnected by the disconnecting device. |
| US08149872B2 |
Multi-service ethernet-over-sonet silicon platform
An integrated circuit device for use in connecting synchronous optical networks to packet networks and synchronous time division multiplexed subscriber lines and a method of operation of same is disclosed. An embodiment of the invention may include SONET/SDH compatible optical carrier framing, cross connect, and packet mapping functionality. In addition, it may support Ethernet packet network connections and DS1/E1 and DS3/E3 time division multiplexed subscriber circuits, and may include a telecom bus compatible interface for the connection of additional communications devices. An embedded microprocessor core and embedded memory may permit the present invention to support enhanced remote diagnostic, trouble reporting, traffic management, and software update capabilities. |
| US08149871B2 |
Pointer offset mechanism enabling cost effective SONET/SDH mapping/demapping over ethernet
In one embodiment, a SONET/SDH over Ethernet demapping point utilizes a pointer offset mechanism for clock recovery and timing. The pointer offset is determined by the difference between a client clock and a reference clock. |
| US08149860B2 |
Cable broadcast receiving apparatus and composing method of channel map thereof
A cable broadcast receiving apparatus and composing method thereof are provided where a cable broadcast receiver receives a cable broadcast signal, a Point-of-Deployment (“POD”) cable card processes out-of-band data received from the cable broadcast receiver, an in-band (“INB”) processor processes in-band data received from the cable broadcast receiver, and a controller composes a channel map by comparing channel information included in the out-of-band (“OOB”) data with channel information included in the in-band data. Accordingly, the cable broadcast receiving apparatus and the controlling method thereof are capable of composing a correct channel map based on OOB data as well as INB data. Additionally, time can be saved in composing the channel map by reducing the channel search using OOB data within a certain time. |
| US08149859B2 |
Method for managing delivery of multicast traffic to devices
Multicast management messages associate a channel with one or more multicast groups. The information included in the multicast management messages are combined into a channel association table that may be stored at a CPE device for each of one or more interfaces. The channel association table is used in response to a request for a desired multicast group to select a channel over which the desired multicast group should be delivered. The channel selection is based on a review of the channel association table. If a channel is associated with the desired group, it is selected. If a channel is not associated with the desired group, a channel is selected from a plurality of available channels based on group traffic loading criteria. A multicast message, such as a JOIN, is forwarded to other devices informing them that the desired group should only be sought and/or delivered on the selected channel. |
| US08149856B2 |
Packet relay device and queue scheduling method
Each of the plurality of queues stores packet data of a received packet. The read concession assignor assigns one of the plurality of queues with a read concession for a predefined time period. The overdraft storage stores an overdraft amount in connection with each of the plurality of queues. The read adequacy determiner determines, in accordance with an overdraft amount stored in connection with one queue out of the plurality of queues, whether to read packet data from the one queue. The overdraft updater updates at least one of a first overdraft amount stored in connection with a first queue and a second overdraft amount stored in connection with a second queue different from the first queue upon reading packet data from the first queue during a time period while the second queue is assigned with the read concession. |
| US08149851B2 |
Mediated network address translation traversal
A method of establishing a connection traversing at least one network address translation (NAT) gateway is presented. In the method, a bind request is sent from a source device to a mediation element via a NAT gateway. A bind response associated with the bind request is received. A connection request is sent to the mediation element. The mediation element causes the connection request to be sent to a destination device. A connection response associated with the connection request is received. A hello message is sent to a predicted destination address. The predicted destination address is based on an address received in the connection response. A data connection is established between the source device and the destination device using the predicted destination address. |
| US08149850B2 |
Method and apparatus for asynchronous mediated communicaton
A system and method for mediating the routing of asynchronous messages includes routing the asynchronous message to a first recipient, determining whether the first recipient opened the asynchronous message, and re-routing the asynchronous message to a second recipient who is qualified to receive and respond to the message if the first recipient fails to open the message. In an aspect, the second recipient is selected based upon the role that the second recipient performs within the system. In another aspect, the message is re-routed to the second recipient if the first recipient fails to open the message within a deadline imposed by the message sender. In another aspect, the message is re-routed to the second recipient if the first recipient fails to open the message within a deadline automatically imposed by the system when the message is of a certain type. |
| US08149846B2 |
Data processing system and method
A method is provided of managing cluster interconnect traffic, comprising prioritising the cluster interconnect traffic using at least two priorities, and distributing the prioritised cluster interconnect traffic according to the prioritising. Corresponding system and computer program product are also provided. |
| US08149843B2 |
Capability exchange between network entities in WiMAX
Techniques for exchanging capabilities in a wireless network are provided. In one embodiment, a first device receives a capability message over a communication link from a second device in a WiMAX network. The communication link may be between any combination of base stations and gateways. For example, the R4, R6, or R8 interface may be used. Other interfaces may also be appreciated in a WiMAX network. The capability message includes one or more capabilities supported by a second device in the WiMAX network. Capabilities to support are then determined based on the one or more capabilities. These capabilities will be supported by the first device for communications with the second device. The first device is then configured to support the determined capabilities. Accordingly, the first device is dynamically configured based on the capability message received. |
| US08149837B2 |
Method of supporting an open provider backbone network
An apparatus comprising a first interface configured to transmit or receive backbone traffic, a second interface configured to transmit or receive non-backbone traffic, and a third interface in communication with the first interface and second interface, the third interface configured to multiplex or demultiplex the backbone traffic and the non-backbone traffic is disclosed, wherein the backbone traffic is traffic that will be, is, or has been B-tagged. Also disclosed is a node comprising a processor configured to implement a method comprising receiving a first data stream comprising backbone traffic, receiving a second data stream comprising non-backbone traffic, and multiplexing the first data stream with the second data stream. |
| US08149836B2 |
Method and system for relaying frames through an ethernet network and bridge therefor
A method for relaying Ethernet frames over an Ethernet network, the method including adding a tag that provides an address from a hierarchical address scheme to an Ethernet frame; and relaying the Ethernet frame through the network according to the tag. There is also provided a configurable Ethernet bridge having a filtering database including a plurality of subnet masks for relaying frames according to a hierarchical address scheme. |
| US08149831B2 |
Technique for packet compression in an application level multicast
In an application level multicast (ALM), multiple flows of data packets containing shared material are destined for different devices. A packet compression device is used to compress the data packets to reduce traffic load. This compression device includes a cache for recording the payloads of selected data packets which currently are not of record in the cache. If it is determined that the cache has therein a record of an identical version of the payload of a data packet, the compression device releases a compressed version of the data packet which includes a representation of the payload in lieu of the actual payload. |
| US08149819B2 |
ENUM system, ENUM client apparatus and method for communicating using ENUM client apparatus
An ENUM system includes a Web server and an ENUM server. The Web server stores first NAPTR records corresponding to an ENUM client and another ENUM client on an IP network. The ENUM server stores second NAPTR records in which first URIs are associated with predetermined information for being linked to the Web server. In the ENUM system, the ENUM client transmits, to the ENUM server, a query for the second NAPTR record of the another ENUM client. The ENUM client then transmits, to the Web server, a request for access to the first URI included in the received second NAPTR record, and obtains the first NAPTR record corresponding to the another ENUM client. |
| US08149816B2 |
Header compression and packet transmission method in sensor network and apparatus therefor
A header compression and packet transmission method in a sensor network and an apparatus therefor, for selecting technologies related to Internet Protocol (IP) header compression according to characteristics of each node, and processing the technologies. The header compression and packet transmission method and apparatus therefor distinguishes a node supporting the adaptation layer function and a node that does not support the adaptation layer function, and determines whether to compress the packet, thereby enabling a node transmitting data to transmit the data having a proper form that is acceptable to a sensor node receiving the data. By doing so, an efficient packet transmission is possible. |
| US08149800B2 |
Communication method, control station, and communication apparatus
When a first communication apparatus issues a request for communication quality securement to a control station in order to select communication using a communication path via a control station or communication using a direct communication path between communication apparatuses, it is determined whether the communication partner of the first communication apparatus is a communication apparatus accommodated in the same control station. The control station selects a communication path on the basis of the determination. |
| US08149799B2 |
Method and system for interfacing to a plurality of antennas
A method and system for interfacing to a plurality of antennas is provided. The method may comprise scheduling signals within different frequency ranges communicated from different antennas to use different timeslots in a TDM frame, such as a GSM frame. A plurality of antennas may be used, and at least one high frequency antenna may be adapted to operate at frequencies above 700 MHz and at least one low frequency antenna may be adapted to operate at frequencies below 700 MHz. The high frequency antenna may support WCDMA, HDSPA, HSUPA, GSM, GPRS, EDGE, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, GPS, and/or DVB communication. The low frequency antenna may support FM or NFC. NFC may be enabled by applying a DC bias voltage to the low frequency antenna. The method may also comprise dynamically tuning the antennas to frequency bands corresponding to particular communication protocols. The dynamic tuning may further comprise compensating the antennas for changes in frequency. |
| US08149798B2 |
Base station apparatus and radio communication parameter setting method
To automatically set up temporarily the parameters required for radio communication, based on the parameters acquired from another base station apparatus existing in the neighborhood. A pair of base station identifier and down scrambling code reported from a base station apparatus in the neighborhood is acquired. The non-overlapping down scrambling code is set to a newly established base station apparatus based on the acquired contents. Whether or not the base station apparatus is located in the neighborhood is judged according to at least one of the Hop number and the required arrival time on a communication path up to the base station apparatus. |
| US08149796B2 |
Voice and data wireless communications network and method
A wireless local area network that carries mixed traffic of voice and data communications may be provided. The wireless local area network may include an access point and a plurality of remote terminals that are associated with the access point. The access point may be operably coupled to a wireline network. The access point may receive voice and other communications packets from the remote terminals and the wireline network. Some of the packets may be for transmission to the remote terminals. The access point manages which packets to transmit and when to transmit packets. The access point may manage traffic to maintain a fair distribution of packets and to give priority to voice communications over other communications. |
| US08149793B2 |
Allocation of access slots to mobile stations in order to count the number of stations interested in a MBMS (multimedia broadcast/multicast service)
A method of operating a radio network, such as UMTS or cdma2000, which comprises at least one primary station (PS), i.e. and access point or bare station, and a plurality of secondary stations (SSI, SS2, SS3), i.e. mobile stations. The primary station determines the level of interest of the users of the secondary stations in a particular service, such as Multimedia Broadcasting and Multicast Services (MBMS), by allocating a respective plurality of access slots in which the secondary stations can transmit an indication of its interest. The primary station receives the indications of interest to and estimates the level of interest from the number of transmitted indications, for example whether or not they exceed a threshold value. Depending on the result of the estimation process the primary station selects a particular one of at least two transmission modes for transmitting the service. According to said “approximation counting” of users interested in an MBMS service, the primary station selects a certain transmission mode for the implementation of the service (i.e. a point-to-point or a point-to-multipoint basis). |
| US08149786B2 |
Transfer of communication sessions between base stations in wireless networks
A method and devices are provided to enable continuing a communication session currently carried by a mobile subscriber station (MSS) while switching from a first base station to a second base station. During the communication session that is being held with the MSS, a first Internet Protocol (IP) datagram is selected from among a plurality of IP datagrams associated with that communication session and received at a network gateway adapted to convey IP traffic received from the MSS. Following that selection and prior to establishing a connection between the mobile subscriber terminal and the second base station, IP datagrams that will be received at that network gateway after that first IP datagram had been received and which are addressed to the MSS, are backed up. Upon establishing a connection between the MSS and the second base station, the IP datagrams that were backed up are forwarded to the MSS, and all further IP datagrams which are addressed to the MSS and received at that network gateway after establishing the connection between the MSS and the second base station, will be forwarded to the MSS through the second base station. |
| US08149782B2 |
Ranging method using new ranging structure
A method for performing ranging in a broadband wireless access system including a user equipment and a base station and using multi-carrier is described. A method using a structure in which a length of a part occupied by a ranging sequence is extended in the time domain includes a method using a structure in which a preamble occupied by the ranging sequence is repeated three times or more, a method using a structure in which a length of a preamble occupied by the ranging sequence is extended in the time domain, and a method using a structure in which lengths of a cyclic prefix and/or a guard time in the time domain are designed in consideration of a delay spread of a channel and a trip delay. Even in a cell structure having an extended radius, the trip delay can accurately be estimated. |
| US08149779B2 |
Method and apparatus for scheduling uplink rates adaptively to fast rate ramping in a packet communication system
A method and apparatus are provided for transmitting uplink rate assignment information for an uplink data transmission to a User Equipment (UE) by a Node B in a mobile communication system. The uplink rate assignment information to be transmitted for each UE is determined. The uplink rate assignment information is transmitted to the UE. The uplink rate assignment information is attached with a UE ID-specific Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) of the UE when directly indicating an uplink rate grant for the UE. |
| US08149778B2 |
Apparatus and method for communicating uplink signaling information
A User Equipment, UE, of a cellular communication system transmits scheduling assistance data to a base station comprising a base station scheduler which schedules uplink packet data. The scheduling assistance data relates to uplink packet data transmission from the UE. The UE comprises a channel controller which is operable to cause the scheduling assistance data to be transmitted from the UE to the base station in a first physical resource of an uplink air interface. The first physical resource is not managed by the base station based scheduler. The scheduling assistance data may specifically be transmitted in a first transport channel multiplexed with other transport channels on a physical resource. The transport channels may be individually optimized and may have different termination points and transmission reliabilities. Specifically, the transport channel supporting the scheduling assistance data signaling may have a high reliability and be terminated in the base station. |
| US08149777B2 |
Apparatus and method for optionally using secondary frequency assignment in a wireless communication system using multiple band
A broadband wireless communication system using multiple bands is provided. A method includes determining to stop using a first Secondary (S)-Frequency Assignment (FA) of one or more S-FAs while communicating with a correspondent node over a Primary (P)-FA and the one or more S-FAs, sending a first message which requests to suspend the first S-FA, to the correspondent node, communicating over at least one FA excluding the first S-FA, and when resumption of the first S-FA is determined, sending a second message which requests to resume the first S-FA. |
| US08149776B2 |
Method, apparatus and computer program for user equipment access channel procedures
Access to a wireless network is attempted by sending on a random access channel RACH at a first transmit power a first preamble comprising a signature sequence that is randomly selected from a set of signature sequences. After the access attempt from sending the first preamble is determined unsuccessful, access to the wireless network is re-attempted by sending on the RACH at a second transmit power a second preamble comprising a signature sequence, in which the second transmit power is no greater than the first transmit power. Embodiments variously combine different options: the signature sequences of the first and second preambles are each randomly selected separately, or the signature sequence of the first preamble is re-used in the second preamble; the first and second transmit powers are each equal to an initial transmit power, or the second transmit power is the initial power and less than the first transmit power. |
| US08149774B1 |
System, apparatus, and method for use of reserved PN-offsets to limit cellular wireless communications
Disclosed in this document is an improved mechanism for notifying mobile stations that they should not seek to initiate a communication in a given wireless coverage area. The solution is to use a specially designated PN-offset as the indicator that a problem situation exists in the coverage area and that a mobile station should not seek to initiate communication in the coverage area. When a RAN detects a problem condition in a coverage area, the RAN changes the PN-offset of the coverage area to be a reserved PN-offset, and mobile stations are programmed to not seek service on any reserved PN-offset. Advantageously, the process helps stop mobile stations from operating in a problem coverage area without requiring the mobile stations to first lock onto the PN-offset of the coverage area and to then receive some sort of overhead message directing the mobile stations to not operate in the coverage area. |
| US08149771B2 |
Reliable event broadcaster with multiplexing and bandwidth control functions
A system, apparatus, and method for transmitting data in a broadcast mode to multiple devices operating in a network. The invention enables the efficient utilization of bandwidth while providing a desired level of quality of service for the applications executing on the devices that utilize the broadcasted data. The invention utilizes a set of bandwidth constraints in combination with a set of heuristics and rules for the allocation and re-allocation of bandwidth among multiple applications in a manner that minimizes the impact on the quality of service metrics of importance to the affected applications when contention exists for the network resources. The present invention implements processes to cause the quality of service provided to each application to degrade smoothly, with certain priorities and guarantees being maintained. The present invention also provides event segmentation and reassembly functions for applications, and includes reliability mechanisms to increase the ability to provide data to client devices that have not been actively receiving for significant periods of time. |
| US08149768B2 |
Method of transmitting data in mobile communication system
A data transmission method for a mobile communication system is disclosed. A data transmission method at a specific protocol layer of a reception end of a mobile communication system includes receiving at least one data block of a specific protocol layer from a transmission end, and transmitting reception status indication information to the transmission end according to a reception status of the data block of the specific protocol layer. As a result, data can be more quickly and effectively transmitted to a destination. |
| US08149767B2 |
Methods of assigning resources for the uplink control channel in LTE
A method of a slot-level remapping physical uplink control channels into two resource blocks respectively located at two slots of a subframe, is generally adapted to a complex 3GPP LTE physical uplink where ACK/NAK recourse blocks may be applied by the extended cyclic prefix, mixed resource blocks (where the ACK/NAK and CQI channels coexist) may be applied by the normal cyclic prefix, or mixed recourse blocks (where the ACK/NAK and CQI channels coexist) may be applied by the extended cyclic prefix. |
| US08149766B2 |
Method of downlink resource allocation in a sectorized environment
Methods and apparatus for communicating different size coded blocks of information in a wireless sectorized communications cell are described. Information may be categorized and formed into large, medium, and small coded blocks which may include error correction code bits based on the number of bits representing the information, time criticality of the information, and tolerable level of interference. Channels with full tone overlap between adjacent sectors, channels with no tone overlap between adjacent sectors, and channels with partial tone overlap between adjacent sectors are used for different size blocks. Some tones corresponding to a channel with less than full tone overlap are left unused in an adjacent sector thereby achieving less than full transmission tone overlap. Large transmission blocks are transmitted using full tone overlap channels; medium transmission blocks are transmitted using partial tone overlap channels; small transmission blocks are transmitted without using transmission tone overlap in adjacent sectors. |
| US08149758B2 |
Wireless communication system
Disclosed is a wireless communication method for executing transmission and reception of a radio signal among communication terminals via a plurality of base stations connected to an IP (Internet Protocol) network. One of the base stations performs AD conversion on a radio signal received via an antenna from one of the communication terminals without demodulation, packetizes the AD-converted radio signal into packet data, and transmits the packet data to another base station over the IP network. The another base station performs DA conversion on the packet data received over the IP network from the one base station, transforms the DA-converted packet data into a radio signal without modulation, and transmits the radio signal to another base station via the antenna. |
| US08149756B2 |
Method, apparatus and computer program product providing randomized relay network
A relay node is provided for being interposed between at least one source node and at least one destination node. The relay node includes a receiver, a transmitter and a control unit. A transmission signal transmitted by the at least one source node is received by the relay node and modified by the control unit in a substantially pseudo-random manner to generate a time-varying signal that is transmitted by the relay node to the at least one destination node. |
| US08149755B2 |
Digital broadcasting system and method of processing data in digital broadcasting system
A digital broadcast system and a method of processing data disclose. A receiving system of the digital broadcast system may include a baseband processor, a management processor, and a presentation processor. The baseband processor receives broadcast signals including mobile service data and main service data. The mobile service data configures a RS frame, and the RS frame includes the mobile service data and at least one type of channel setting information on the mobile service data. The management processor decodes the RS frame to acquire the mobile service data and the at least one type of channel setting information on the mobile service data, then extracts position information of an SDP message. Herein, the SDP message includes Codec information for each component in the respective virtual channel from the channel setting information, thereby accessing the SDP message from the extracted position information and gathers SDP message information. The presentation processor decodes mobile service data of a corresponding component based upon the gathered SDP message information. |
| US08149754B2 |
Digital broadcasting system and method of processing data in digital broadcasting system
A digital broadcasting system and a data processing method are disclosed. The method includes receiving a data processing method includes receiving a broadcast signal in which main service data and mobile service data are multiplexed, acquiring transmission-parameter-channel signaling information including transmission parameter information of the mobile service data, and fast-information-channel signaling information, acquiring binding information describing a relationship between at least one ensemble transferring the mobile service data and a first virtual channel contained in the at least one ensemble by decoding the fast-information-channel, and acquiring status information of the first virtual channel, displaying content data contained in the mobile service data according to the binding information and the status information of the first virtual channel. |
| US08149751B2 |
Method and system for transmitting/receiving multimedia contents via a radiocommunication network
A method for transmitting/receiving multimedia contents via a radiocommunication network includes a first step of a first server transmitting an identifier specific to a multimedia content over a dedicated point-to-point transmission channel to all terminals registered with the first server as interested in the content, a second step of the first server transmitting to a second server adapted to provide a broadcast content transmission service a request to broadcast a message including the content in its entirety and its identifier, and a third step of the second server broadcasting the message over a broadcast channel. |
| US08149750B2 |
Device power management in a wireless network
In various embodiments of the invention, a device in a wireless communications network may negotiate with a network controller to determine when the device may enter a power save mode. The power save mode may include period(s) in which the device is in a low power state in which it cannot transmit or receive, and period(s) in which it is in an operational state in which it can transmit and/or receive. |
| US08149747B2 |
Power saving operation of always-connected wireless roaming
Methods and apparatuses enable maintaining wireless connectivity while the wireless client device is in a power save mode. The system includes a host operating system (OS) that handles wireless connections while the device is executing in normal operation, and an embedded agent that handles the wireless connections when the device switches to power saving operation and the host OS switches to a sleep or standby state. The system detects a change in the power save mode and triggers an exchange of session context information between the host OS and the embedded agent (from the host OS to the embedded agent when the system enters the power save mode, and from the embedded agent to the host OS when the system returns to normal operation from the power save mode). The system also triggers the switching of management consistent with the passing of session context information. |
| US08149745B2 |
Wireless communication system, wireless communication device, wireless communication method, and program
A wireless communication system is provided that includes a first wireless communication device, a second wireless communication device, and a base station that relays wireless communication between the first and second wireless communication devices. The first wireless communication device is capable of direct communication with another wireless communication device, and transmits a first data frame of a particular frame type to the second wireless communication device via the base station. If the second wireless communication device is capable of the direct communication, when receiving the first data frame of the particular frame type, the second wireless communication device transmits a second data frame of the particular frame type via the base station. When the first wireless communication device receives the second data frame from the second wireless communication device, it determines that the second wireless communication device is capable of the direct communication. |
| US08149744B2 |
Digital broadcasting system and data processing method
A digital broadcasting system and a method of processing data are disclosed. A receiving system of the digital broadcasting system may include a signal receiving unit, a demodulating unit, a demultiplexer, and an audio/video decoder. The signal receiving unit receives a broadcast signal including main service data and an RS frame including a plurality of MPH service data packets. The demodulating unit demodulates data of the RS frame. The demultiplexer identifies an MPH service data packet including an IP datagram of mobile service data with reference to an MPH header of each MPH service data packet in the RS frame, and when a stuffing data is inserted in the identified payload of MPH service data packet, removes the stuffing data from the payload and separates an audio and video data from IP datagram of the mobile service data of the payload, and outputs the separated audio and video data. |
| US08149743B1 |
System and method for seamlessly switching a full-duplex session to a half-duplex session
A communication system that is particularly suited to switch a full duplex session to a half duplex session. The system includes a VoIP server that sets up a full duplex session; and a dispatch call controller server that receives a request to switch the full duplex session to a half duplex session; forwards the request to the target subscriber unit; receives an acceptance of the request; and sets up the half duplex session between the subscriber units. In another embodiment, the VoIP server receives the request to switch to the half duplex session; forwards the request to the target subscriber unit; receives an acceptance of the request; and instructs the dispatch call controller to set up the half duplex session. In yet another embodiment, a service broker receives the request, instructs the dispatch call controller to set up the half duplex session, and instructs the VoIP server to terminate the full duplex session. In yet another embodiment, the switch from full-to-half is network-driven instead of user-driven. |
| US08149741B2 |
Apparatus and method for asymmetrical conferencing between local and external transceivers
These multimedia conferencing apparatus and method manage asymmetrical public and/or private conferences. A conference takes place between an external transceiver and at least a local transceiver; local transceivers may take part to a plurality of conferences simultaneously. The apparatus comprises a communication interface connected to a packet data communication network in order to send and receive multimedia signals to and from the transceivers. A conference managing means is operable to determine, for each transceiver, which of the incoming multimedia signals received from the other transceivers are accessible to said transceiver, based on a transceiver's state and on data characterising the existing conferences, said state indicating whether said transceiver is participating to a private conference or to a public conference. A signal generating means generates for each transceiver at least an outgoing multimedia signal by mixing the incoming multimedia signals of the transceivers accessible to said transceiver. |
| US08149740B2 |
Method and apparatus for distributed conferences
A method and apparatus for enabling an event such as a telecollaboration or conference event in a communication network. The apparatus is tree-structured, and comprises a main site and one or more descendent sites, each site comprising one or more servers. Each site is a parent site, a descendent site, or both. Two sites may be connected via a dedicated or controlled connection. The apparatus further comprises client devices, each client device connecting to one site. The method of the disclosed invention comprises passing information between a client device and a server or between two servers exactly once. The information is propagated by each server to all the components connected to the server, i.e. the parent site if any, descendent sites if any, and client devices if any, excluding the component from which the server received the information. |
| US08149739B2 |
Background call validation
A management system may test network paths prior to scheduled calls. Testing network paths may include one endpoint placing a test call to an endpoint on the other end of the path. Various characteristics of the network path may be tested. If the network path fails and/or in some way does not meet the predefined characteristics for the call, an administrator may be notified and/or alternate network path may be detected and tested. The call may be rescheduled if a satisfactory network path is not found in time. |
| US08149738B2 |
Method and terminal for establishing PT session in order to use PT box
A PT (Push-To) service among SIP based session services, and particularly, a method and terminal for establishing a PT session in order to allow a certain user to use a PT box service under control of a PT server in a SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) based service, are discussed. According to an embodiment, the method of providing a Push-To (PT) box service, includes storing, in a PT server, PT box setting information of a terminal; receiving, by the PT server, a session invitation directed to the terminal; and determining, by the PT server, a routing of the session invitation to a PT box for the terminal based on at least the PT box setting information. |
| US08149730B1 |
Methods and apparatus related to packet generation and analysis
In one embodiment, an apparatus includes a packet generation module that has a set of general purpose processing modules and is configured to define a test packet configured to emulate at least a portion of network traffic. The apparatus also includes a switch device configured to receive the test packet from the packet generation module. The switch device is configured to multi-cast the test packet via a set of ports of the switch device to a target entity based on a routing policy. |
| US08149728B2 |
System and method for evaluating performance of microphone for long-distance speech recognition in robot
A system and method for evaluating performance of a microphone for long-distance speech recognition, which enables a robot to receive and respond to voices. A robot, which includes a network robot, must correctly recognize speech in order to recognize the user and to perceive its surroundings, objective evaluation criteria are required for choosing a microphone to be used in the robot. The methods include measuring a degree of attenuation of the voice, measuring a degree of distortion of the voice, and simultaneously measuring the degree of attenuation of the voice and the degree of distortion of the voice. A standard for the choice of a microphone, which can be digitalized, for a speech recognition function of a robot, permits choice of a microphone which has good sensitivity and can pick up voices without distortion when used at a large distance. |
| US08149724B2 |
Selecting a data transfer method
The invention relates to a method for selecting a data transfer method in a telecommunication system wherein several data transfer methods exist for selection. The method comprises determining a message to be transmitted on the basis of inputs received from a user. At least one piece of property information concerning the message being entered or already entered is checked. In order to transmit the message, the data transfer method associated in predetermined selection conditions with the property information is selected. |
| US08149718B2 |
Communication network management system for automatic repair of failures
Disclosed is a management system for a communication network including a diagnostic module to determine a diagnosis based on information provided by network elements this diagnosis identifying a failure within the network. The management system also includes a repair module to determine one or several corrective actions based on at least this diagnosis and to transmit one or several commands corresponding to the corrective actions, to one or several network elements, to correct the failure. |
| US08149715B1 |
Mesh network operations
Various embodiments provide improved mesh networks with properties that address various shortcomings of current mesh network implementations. At least some embodiments are directed to improving operations of mesh networks in connection with battery powered devices and address concerns associated with latency issues due to power save nodes as well as load balancing. Yet other embodiments address route cache timeouts, reduce route discovery overhead, perform proactive route maintenance based on a node's battery, and provide a straightforward battery-aware process based sleep protocol. |
| US08149710B2 |
Flexible and hierarchical dynamic buffer allocation
In one embodiment, a method comprises the following steps: receiving a first set of inputs comprising a first plurality of entities and a first traffic behavior; determining a first region of a buffer corresponding to the first traffic behavior; assigning the first plurality of entities to the first region; determining hierarchical relationships between at least some of the first plurality of entities; determining a first shared buffer space of the first region; and assigning at least one threshold for each of the first plurality of entities. The threshold may comprise a maximum amount of the first shared buffer space that may be allocated to an entity. The method may also involve configuring a logic device to allocate the first shared buffer space dynamically according to the hierarchical relationships and the thresholds. |
| US08149708B2 |
Dynamically switching streams of packets among dedicated and shared queues
Streams of packets are dynamically switched among dedicated and shared queues. For example, when a packet stream is in a maintenance mode (such as to keep a tunnel or packet stream associated with a server active) all packet traffic received over a packet stream is directed into the shared queue while the packet stream is not associated with one of the dedicated queues. In response to a detected change in the packet activity status of packet traffic (e.g., the establishment of a call or an increase in packet traffic, especially desirous of individualized quality of service) over a particular packet stream of the packet streams, the particular packet stream is associated with a particular group of dedicated queues such that at least non-control data traffic received over the particular packet stream is subsequently directed into the particular group of dedicated queues while the particular packet stream remains associated with the particular group of dedicated queues. |
| US08149702B2 |
Multi-mode bit rate processor
An apparatus for processing signals in a wireless system includes a first memory module to receive input data from a set of physical channels, a first plurality of sub-modules to process the input data. Each of the first plurality of sub-modules is selected to function based upon data and transmission channel specifications. The apparatus also includes a second memory module to receive processed input data and output intermediate data. Locations of the input data in the second memory is allocated in connection with data and transmission channel specifications. The apparatus also includes a second plurality of sub-modules to process the intermediate data. Each of the second plurality of sub-modules is selected to function based upon data and transmission channel specifications. The apparatus also includes a third memory module to receive and output bit rate processing output. |
| US08149701B2 |
System, method, and computer readable medium for creating a video clip
The present invention provides a system, method, and computer readable medium for creating a video clip. In one embodiment, a method, comprising creating a copy of a still image by a first module, the copy of the still image comprising reduced dimensions of the still image, creating a new still image from a selected area of the still image, automatically ordering the new still image and the copy of the still image, creating an audio file by at least one of a second module and a third module, creating a timeline, by the first module, related to the ordered images and the created audio file, and rendering the timeline into a video clip by a fourth module, wherein the timeline includes a length of the audio file, a length of the video clip, the ordered images, a display time of each of the ordered images, transition identifiers, transition lengths. The present invention further discloses a system for assembling and distributing multi-media output, comprising: a rendering server; a web server; and storage, wherein the servers and the storage are operably coupled; the storage adapted to receive digital media and properties of the media, store the media and the properties, and transmit the media and the properties; the web server adapted to perform at least one of a following action: retrieve the media and properties of the media; manipulate the media and the properties; assemble the properties; and transmit at least one of a following element from a group consisting of: the properties; and the assembled properties; and the rendering server adapted to receive commands from the web server. |
| US08149699B2 |
Method and apparatus for controlling traffic according to user
There is provided a method and apparatus for controlling traffic according to user that includes a statistics processing unit measuring traffic volume used according to user, calculating a traffic variation ΔV by using the measured traffic volume, and updating a traffic user list by comparing the calculated traffic variation ΔV; a traffic detecting unit determining whether abnormal traffic is generated in a network and transferring a control command according to priority in the traffic user list; and a packet controlling unit controlling a user's traffic according to the control command received from the traffic detecting unit. |
| US08149695B2 |
Dynamic queue instantiation
A Point to Point Protocol (“PPP”) link running PPP Multilink Protocol with multi-class extensions (“Multilink-Extension”) having both peers on the PPP link support a number of egress priority queues negotiated during the Multilink-Extension negotiation. Each peer also establishes a number of classes equal to the negotiated number of egress priority queues. Thus, communication devices that have a different default number, or different maximum number, of egress priority queues can interoperate in a manner that ensures packets have the same per-hop behavior (“PHB”). The present invention is both memory efficient and processing time efficient because only the minimum number of egress priority queues necessary are instantiated. |
| US08149692B2 |
Ring topology discovery mechanism
A method automatically discovers a topology of a communication network ring. The ring includes a plurality of nodes. Each node includes a first port and a second port. A ring topology request or a response to the ring topology request is received from at least one node on the ring. The ring topology request or the response to the ring topology request includes an identification of the at least one node and an indication of a hop count needed to reach the at least one node. The ring topology request or the response to the ring topology request is forwarded to at least one neighboring node on the ring through the first port. The topology is determined based on the identification of the at least one node, the hop count, and an identification of the first port. |
| US08149690B1 |
Elimination of bad link state advertisement requests
A link-state protocol running on a router requires that an adjacent neighbor router in the same network maintain a synchronized link state database in order to form the adjacency. Should the neighbor request link state information that the router does not possess, normally the adjacency is broken, causing a restart and network instability. The described embodiments allow adjacencies to form and be maintained even when the neighbor makes at least some types of “bad” requests for link state information. Embodiments that operate with and without the knowledge and cooperation of the neighbor are described. |
| US08149682B2 |
Wobble information recording method, information recording medium, and recording and reproduction method and apparatus thereof
An optical disk and a method for identifying the optical disk making it possible to identify a recording system of the optical disk easily in a short time by a recording and reproduction apparatus when a groove-recording system and a land-recording system are both employed in one kind of optical disk, such as, for example, a BD-R. Specifically, a polarity upon reproducing wobble information is made to be the same in both an optical disk of groove-recording system and the optical disk of a land-recording system. The recording system of the optical disk that shows the same wobble polarity irrespective of the recording system can be easily detected by finding a tracking polarity that can recognize the wobble information by changing the tracking polarity, whereby the start-up time of the recording and reproduction apparatus can be shortened. |
| US08149681B2 |
Combination type optical disk medium, its reproduction method and optical disk apparatus
A combination type optical disk medium and recording or reproducing method in which the medium include first and second recording layers based on different recoding densities. First and second volume spaces are formed to the first and second recording layers, respectively. Each volume space includes identification information of a head or end of the volume space, and an area for data. One of the volume spaces is recorded with identification information of the other volume space. |
| US08149680B2 |
Random read/write performance of probe storage memory devices
Current probe-type memory architecture assumes that the minimum chunk of data that a probe tip can access is one entire track and perhaps only four out of five-thousand, for example, probes participate in the access thereby degrading performance. By subdividing the track into D finer chunks or data zones, D times more probes can cooperate to read out the data, hence increasing the data throughput by Dx. Each tip now only scans approximately one Dth of the track and hence the scan time is reduced by a factor D, while D probes are being utilized in parallel. |
| US08149679B2 |
Recording/reproducing device and method, recording medium, and program
If a recording rate of data is close to a writing rate on a recording medium, recorded data is externally transmitted. The problems are solved by: an efficient separate use of data in a buffer and read out data; and the use of low resolution data. As illustrated, the 0th to third low resolution data to be transmitted are not read out from an optical disc because the data remain in a buffer at the time of transmission. Instead, the buffered data is transmitted. When the fourth low resolution data is to be transmitted, the fourth to sixth low resolution data are read out from the optical disc for transmission because the data have already been erased from the buffer. The present invention is applicable to, for example, a disc recorder. |
| US08149674B2 |
Optical recording medium, information recording method, and information reproducing method
According to one embodiment, an optical recording medium is provided in which interlayer crosstalk is low and in which stable and high-quality recording characteristics can be obtained. To this end, an optical recording medium comprises a first recording part which includes a first recording layer and a first light reflecting layer and which is disposed on a side closer to a light receiving surface, and a second recording part which includes a second recording layer and a second light reflecting layer and which is disposed on a side farther from the light receiving surface, the first recording part and the second recording part being stacked, wherein the thickness of the second light reflecting layer is larger than the thickness of the first light reflecting layer. |
| US08149673B2 |
Optical recording method, optical recording device, master medium exposure device, optical information recording medium, and reproducing method
An optical recording method for recording information by irradiating an optical disc medium with a modulated write pulse train of laser light variable over a plurality of power levels such that a plurality of marks are formed on the optical disc medium, edge positions of each of the marks and a space between adjacent two of the marks being utilized for recording of the information. |
| US08149671B2 |
Optical disc and optical disc device
An optical disc drive according to the present invention can read and/or write data from/on an optical disc with information layers including first and second information layers (L0 and L1). The drive includes: an objective lens for converging a light beam; a lens actuator for driving the lens; a photodetector section that receives the beam reflected from the disc and converts it into an electrical signal; and a control section for determining the values of a first group of parameters, which are set to read data from the first layer (L0), and those of a second group of parameters, which are set to read data from the second layer (L1), during a disc loading process. In performing the disc loading process, the control section determines the values of the first group of parameters, and then determines the values of the second group of parameters based on correlation information, representing correlation between the values of the first and second groups of parameters that were set during a previous disc loading process, and on the values of the first group of parameters that have been just determined during the current disc loading process. |
| US08149665B2 |
Optical disc device
Means (101a) for evaluating positional control deviation and means (102a) for outputting a corrective signal, this being a set of signals with kick and brake functions, to an actuator (10) on the basis of the evaluation result are provided. Although control deviation may increase due to external shock or vibration acting on the disc device or when a disc having eccentricity, wobble, or another physical deformity is reproduced, the control deviation is suppressed without loss of control stability, and stable recording and reproducing is always possible. |
| US08149664B2 |
Method and apparatus for recording data on write-once recording medium
A method and apparatus for recording data on a write-once recording medium are disclosed. In the write-once recording medium, the method includes, when a defect area is detected in the recording medium, deciding a replacement recording method for replacing the defect area, when the detected defect area is replacement recorded in a spare area, recording a position information of the defect area and a position information of the spare area in a temporary management area as a defect management information, and when the detected defect area is skipped and the data is replacement recorded in a next consecutive area, an information indicating that the skipped area is the defect area is recorded in a temporary management area as a defect management information. Thus, the write-once recording medium may be managed with more efficiency and data may be efficiently recorded on the recording medium. |
| US08149662B2 |
Method and apparatus for determining optimum laser power
A method for determining an optimum laser power for a recording medium. The method includes checking if a portion of an unused area in a test area on the recording medium is defective, and performing an optimum laser power operation in a used area in the test area, in which the used area is a non-defective area that was used to test the optimum laser power for the recording medium. |
| US08149656B2 |
Switch device, information processing device, and reproduction device
A reproduction system 100 includes a rotating body on which a rotary operation is conducted by a user, a rotary movement detector 810 that detects the rotation of the rotating body and outputs a detection signal in accordance with a rotary condition thereof, and a restricting unit that conducts a restriction processing for restricting the rotation of the rotating body based on the detection signal. Accordingly, different resistance feeling in accordance with the rotary operation on the rotating body is provided to a user, thereby exhibiting excellent operational feeling just like a rotation of a turntable of a record player. |
| US08149654B2 |
Wave guide that attenuates evanescent light of higher order TM mode
A waveguide has a core through which laser light can propagate in a TM mode, that has a rectangular cross section perpendicular to a propagative direction of the laser light, and through which the laser light can propagate in a fundamental mode in which only one portion exists on the cross section of the core where a light intensity of the laser light becomes maximal, and a higher order mode in which two or more portions exist where the light intensity becomes maximal, a clad surrounding the core, and a light absorbing element in the clad, and wherein a distance between the light absorbing element and the core is shorter than a penetration length of evanescent light in the higher order mode, but is longer than a penetration length of evanescent light in the fundamental mode. |
| US08149653B2 |
Light source unit for thermally-assisted magnetic recording capable of monitoring of light output
Provided is a light source unit that is to be joined to a slider to form a thermally-assisted magnetic recording head. The light source unit comprises: a unit substrate having a source-installation surface; a light source provided in the source-installation surface and emitting thermal-assist light; and a photodetector bonded to a rear joining surface of the unit substrate in such a manner that a rear light-emission center of the light source is covered with a light-receiving surface of the photodetector. The photodetector can be sufficiently close to the light source; thus, constant feedback adjustment with high efficiency for the light output of the light source can be performed. This adjustment enables light output from the light source to be controlled in response to changes in light output due to surroundings and to changes with time to stabilize the intensity of light with which a magnetic recording medium is irradiated. |
| US08149649B1 |
Self calibrating shooter estimation
Disclosed are systems and methods that can be used to detect shooters. The systems and methods described herein use arrival times of a shockwave, produced by a shot, at a plurality of sensors to assign weights to each of the plurality of sensors, and determine a shot trajectory based on the assigned weights. |
| US08149646B2 |
Digital filters for semiconductor devices
A memory device that, in certain embodiments, includes a memory element and a digital filter. The digital filter may include a counter and a divider, where the divider is configured to divide a count from the counter by a divisor. |
| US08149644B2 |
Memory system and method that changes voltage and frequency
The memory system includes a semiconductor memory that has an internal circuit, which operates according to a first power supply voltage, and a memory input/output circuit coupled to the internal circuit and operates according to a second power supply voltage, a first control unit that includes a control input/output circuit, coupled to the memory input/output circuit and operates according to the second power supply voltage, a voltage generating unit that generates the second power supply voltage and changes the second power supply voltage according to a voltage adjustment signal, a clock generating unit that generates the clock signal and changes the frequency of the clock signal according to a clock adjustment signal, and a second control unit that generates the voltage adjustment signal and the clock adjustment signal according to an access state of the semiconductor memory by the first control unit. |
| US08149640B2 |
Differential sense amplifier
The differential sense amplifier according to one aspect of the present invention includes a first differential amplification unit that detects a difference between the pair of complementary signals inputted from a first bit line and a second bit line, a second differential amplification unit that detects a difference between one of the complementary signals inputted from the first bit line and a first reference signal, and a third differential amplification unit that detects a difference between the other complementary signal inputted from the second bit line and a second reference signal. |
| US08149638B2 |
Semiconductor memory device and inspecting method of the same
According to one embodiment, a semiconductor memory device includes a memory cell array includes memory cells, lines provided to correspond to the memory cells, a first decoder configured to select a first line as an inspection target from the lines, a second decoder configured to select a second line for generating a reference voltage from the lines, a driver configured to charge the first and second lines, a discharging circuit configured to simultaneously discharge the first and second lines, and a sense amplifier configured to compare a voltage of the first line with a voltage of the second line to detect a defect of the first line while the first line is discharged. |
| US08149636B2 |
Semiconductor memory device with pulse width determination
A semiconductor memory device includes a reset signal generating unit configured to generate a reset control signal by delaying a column command signal by an amount of time varying proportional to an operational frequency. A pulse width determination unit is configured to determine a pulse width of a column selection signal in response to the column command signal and the reset control signal. An address decoding unit is configured to generate the column selection signal corresponding to a corresponding column address in response to an output signal of the pulse width determination unit. |
| US08149635B2 |
Non-volatile memory device and program method thereof
A non-volatile memory device including a memory cell array; a read/write circuit configured to drive bit lines of the memory cell array with a negative bit line voltage according to data to be programmed; a bit line setup-time measuring circuit configured to measure the bit line setup-time, which may be a function of the amount of data to be programmed, at each ISPP program loop; and a control logic configured to control the program voltage and/or the applied time of a program voltage applied to the selected wordline of the memory cell array based on the measured bit line setup-times measured at each ISPP program loop. |
| US08149633B2 |
Semiconductor memory device
A semiconductor memory device is provided which includes a voltage detecting unit configured to compare a target voltage level with a fed-back internal voltage to output a detection signal in a normal mode, a driving unit configured to selectively drive an internal voltage terminal to a first or second power supply voltage according to an operation mode in response to the detection signal, and an enable control unit configured to control the driving unit in response to a control signal corresponding to the operation mode. |
| US08149627B2 |
Current sink system based on sample and hold for source side sensing
Source-side sensing techniques described herein determine the data value stored in a memory cell based on the difference in current between the read current from the source terminal of the memory cell and a sink current drawn from the read current. The sink current is drawn in response to a magnitude of an operating voltage between first and second nodes. During a first time interval, the operating voltage is set in response to a magnitude of the reference current using a feedback path. During a second time interval following the first time interval, the operating voltage is held independent of the feedback path. The data value stored in the memory cell is determined based on a difference in current between the read current and the sink current during the second time interval. |
| US08149624B1 |
Method and apparatus for reducing read disturb in memory
Various aspects of a NAND memory include have multiple versions of a high threshold voltage distribution—a version with a reduced maximum, and another version. The version with a reduced maximum has a reduced word line pass voltage. |
| US08149621B2 |
Flash memory device and method of testing the flash memory device
A flash memory device and a method of testing the flash memory device are provided. The flash memory device may include a memory cell array including a plurality of bit lines, a control unit configured to output estimated data and an input/output buffer unit including a plurality of page buffers. Each of the plurality of page buffers corresponds to one of the plurality of bit lines in the memory cell array and is configured to read test data programmed in at least a first page of a memory cell array, compare the read-out test data with the estimated data to determine whether the corresponding bit line is in a pass or failure state and output a test result signal. A voltage of the test result signal is maintained when test data of a second page of the memory cell array is read if the corresponding bit line in the first page is in a failure state. |
| US08149619B2 |
Memory structure having volatile and non-volatile memory portions
A memory array is provided that includes a transistor having two active gates sharing a source, a drain, and a channel of the transistor. One of the active gates may be coupled to a volatile memory portion of a memory cell, such as a DRAM cell, and the other active gate may be coupled to a non-volatile memory portion, for example, a charge storage node such as a SONOS cell. Methods of operating the memory array are provided that include transferring data from the volatile memory portions to the non-volatile memory portions, transferring data from the non-volatile memory portions to the volatile memory portions, and erasing the non-volatile memory portions of a row of memory cells. |
| US08149617B2 |
Data storage medium and method for accessing digital data therein
A data storage medium is described. The data storage medium may comprise a first bit of magnetic medium for a first read-and-write head, and further comprise a second bit of magnetic medium. The second bit of magnetic medium, below the first bit of magnetic medium, may be for a second read-and-write head. |
| US08149616B2 |
Method for multilevel programming of phase change memory cells using adaptive reset pulses
A method for programming multilevel PCM cells envisages: forming an amorphous region of amorphous phase change material in a storage element of a PCM cell by applying one or more reset pulse; and forming a conductive path of crystalline phase change material through the amorphous region by applying one or more set pulse, a size of the conductive path defining a programmed state of the PCM cell and an output electrical quantity associated thereto, and being controlled by the value of the reset pulse and set pulse. The step of forming an amorphous region envisages adaptively and iteratively determining, during the programming operations, a value of the reset pulse optimized for electrical and/or physical properties of the PCM cell, and in particular determining a minimum amplitude value of the reset pulse, which allows programming a desired programmed state and a desired value of the output electrical quantity. |
| US08149613B2 |
Resistance variable memory device
A resistance variable memory device is provided and includes a resistance variable memory cell that writes data by utilizing a spin transfer effect based on an injection current. The memory device also includes a driving circuit that generates a combined pulse of a plurality of write pulses and an offset pulse defining the level between the write pulses and supplies the combined pulse to the memory cell at the time of the writing. |
| US08149612B1 |
Memory array and method of implementing a memory array
A memory array having a plurality of memory cells is disclosed, where each memory cell comprises a first inverter having a first transistor coupled between a reference voltage and a first node for receiving input data and a second transistor coupled between the first node and ground; a first inverter comprising a first transistor coupled between a reference voltage and a first node for receiving input data and a second transistor coupled between the first node and ground; a second inverter comprising a third transistor coupled between the reference voltage and a second node for storing inverted input data and a fourth transistor coupled between the second node and ground, the second node being coupled to a control terminal of the second transistor. The memory array further comprises a third inverter and a fourth inverter. |
| US08149611B2 |
Nonvolatile semiconductor memory device
A nonvolatile semiconductor memory device comprises a memory cell array including first and second mutually crossing lines and electrically erasable programmable memory cells arranged at intersections of the first and second lines, each memory cell containing a variable resistor operative to nonvolatilely store the resistance thereof as data and a first non-ohmic element operative to switch the variable resistor; and a clamp voltage generator circuit operative to generate a clamp voltage required for access to the memory cell and applied to the first and second lines. The clamp voltage generator circuit has a temperature compensation function of compensating for the temperature characteristic of the first non-ohmic element. |
| US08149609B2 |
Nonvolatile semiconductor memory device
A nonvolatile semiconductor memory device comprising: a memory cell array including memory cells each provided at individual intersection between a first wiring and a second wiring, the memory cell comprising a variable resistive element, and predetermined numbers of the memory cells sharing the same first wiring to configure a page; a first control circuit configured to select a page subjected to data-writing, and to supply a constant voltage to the first wiring belonging to the selected page; a writing-voltage generating circuit configured to generate plural kinds of writing voltages for programming a resistance of the variable resistive element to one of three or more values based on a write-in data specifying three or more values; and a second control circuit configured to select the page subjected to data-writing, and to supply the writing voltages to predetermined numbers of the respective second wirings belonging to the selected page. |
| US08149608B2 |
Multi-level phase change random access memory device
A multi-level phase change random access memory device includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a phase change material disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. The multi-level phase change random access memory device also includes a variable bias source coupled to the first electrode. The variable bias source provides a respective bias applied at the first electrode to form a portion of the phase change material to have one of an amorphous state and different crystal states for storing multi-bits data. |
| US08149607B2 |
Rewritable memory device with multi-level, write-once memory cells
The embodiments described herein are directed to a memory device with multi-level, write-once memory cells. In one embodiment, a memory device has a memory array comprising a plurality of multi-level write-once memory cells, wherein each memory cell is programmable to one of a plurality of resistivity levels. The memory device also contains circuitry configured to select a group of memory cells from the memory array, and read a set of flag bits associated with the group of memory cells. The set of flag bits indicate a number of times the group of memory cells has been written to. The circuitry is also configured to select a threshold read level appropriate for the number of times the group of memory cells has been written to, and for each memory cell in the group, read the memory cell as an unprogrammed single-bit memory cell or as a programmed single-bit memory cell based on the selected threshold read level. |
| US08149603B2 |
Resonance circuit for DC-link voltage control in DC-to-AC inverter
The present disclosure relates to a resonance circuit for DC-link voltage control in a DC-to-AC inverter. The resonance circuit comprises two active switches. Before the active switches of the DC-to-AC inverter are turned on, a DC-link voltage is isolated by the active switches and the active switches of the DC-to-AC inverter are discharged by the resonance circuit to zero voltage at both ends. Then, the active switches of the DC-to-AC inverter are turned on again after the DC-link voltage is charged by the resonance circuit until the DC-link voltage restores to a normal voltage value. Hence, the active switches of the DC-to-AC inverter achieve zero-voltage switching. Not only the switching loss can be reduced to enhance the conversion efficiency, but also the electro-magnetic interference as well as the RF interference due to dynamic transient changes of the voltage (dv/dt) and of the current (di/dt) can be lowered. |
| US08149601B2 |
Adaptive slope compensation method for stabilizing a continuous conduction mode converter
An embodiment of the invention relates to a power converter operable in a continuous conduction mode and a discontinuous conduction mode that includes a current-sense circuit element configured to produce a current-sense signal dependent on a current in an inductor of the power converter, and a difference circuit configured to produce a difference signal representing a difference of the current-sense signal and a signal representing an output characteristic of the power converter such as an output voltage. The difference signal is constrained to be above a difference signal threshold value. A slope compensation circuit is configured to produce a slope-compensated signal that includes a sum of the difference signal and the current-sense signal. A controller is configured to control a duty cycle of a power switch of the power converter in response to the slope-compensated signal by comparing the slope-compensated signal with a voltage threshold controlled by a feedback circuit. |
| US08149592B2 |
Sealed power supply and platform for military radio
An AC/DC power supply and platform for a military radio has been developed. The apparatus includes a base that supports at least one SINCGARS RT-1523 radio. The base is connected to an AC power supply and at least one DC power supply. The AC supply and DC power supply are configured to switch automatically to the DC power supply should the AC power supply fail. The housing of the platform is sealed from the exterior environment with gaskets. |
| US08149589B2 |
Capacitor holder
A holder for mounting multiple capacitors onto a circuit board includes a main structure and a plurality of latching member. The main structure has a top plate and a plurality of side plates. The top plate includes a plurality of holding slots, with the latching members off the side plates. Each latching member has an extension portion and an engaging member. The engaging member is located at the end of the extension under the bottom edge of the side plate. The capacitor includes a main body and a pair of electric leads at one end of the main body. At the opposite end of the electric leads, the main body is bounded on top by the top plate of the main structure, where the main body of each capacitor emerges partially above the upper surface of the top plate. |
| US08149588B2 |
Circular electronic apparatus
The present invention provides a circular electronic apparatus. The circular electronic apparatus includes a circular crust and a plurality of isosceles trapezoid circuit boards. The isosceles trapezoid circuit boards are put together to form an equilateral polygon. Each isosceles trapezoid circuit board is connected with an adjacent isosceles trapezoid circuit board by a plurality of electrical lines and all the isosceles trapezoid circuit boards are connected together. The circular crust covers the equilateral polygon circuit board. |
| US08149587B2 |
Drive modularity
A modular industrial drive system includes a base that receives one or more control modules as a face template. The control modules provide a set of functionalities to the drive system, and the face template serves as a user interface to the drive system. The drive system can include a power module and a control module which define desired functionalities for the system. |
| US08149586B2 |
Keying mechanism for connector damage prevention
A tray keying mechanism is mounted on a backplane inside a modular chassis and has a protrusion that stands out like a post for each of several equipment bays. A modular tray can be inserted into each of the equipment bays, but it will not be allowed to be fully inserted and to engage the electrical connectors on the backplane if the corresponding post meets an obstruction on the rear apron of the tray. If the particular tray is the correct type, and is not upside down, the post will encounter no obstructions during the insertion of the tray, and the electrical connectors will be allowed to engage. In one embodiment, the keying mechanism comprises a bracket of molded plastic that fits all around the several connectors on the backplane, and could be patterned to fit an already existing and in-service backplane and chassis. |
| US08149585B2 |
Interposer and electronic device using the same
Means for Solution: This interposer (10) comprises the silicon substrate (12), a plurality of through-hole conductors (20) formed on the above-described silicon substrate, and a capacitor (15) formed with the upper electrodes (14) and the lower electrodes (18) formed by extending the land portions of the above-described through-hole conductors and the dielectric layer (16) formed between the both electrodes. The rewiring layers (23-1, 23-2) formed as desired are formed on the layers other than the above-described capacitor layer. |
| US08149583B2 |
Storage device and electronic apparatus
According to one embodiment, an electronic apparatus includes a first board, a second board facing the first board, a cover facing the second board from a side opposite to the first board, a first fixing portion attached to the first board and the cover, and a second fixing portion attached to the first board and the second board. |
| US08149582B2 |
Detachable module system
A detachable module system includes a plurality of modules that couple to a corresponding plurality of module mounts on a mounting plate. To install a selected module into the module system, a user translates the selected module to an engage position on its respective module mount to engage the selected module with a immediately preceding adjacent module. Any one of the modules may be identified and removed from its module mount, without requiring removal of the remaining modules. The modules may house various types of electronic devices. |
| US08149579B2 |
Cooling member
A cooling member for a variable speed drive. The variable speed drive has a component that generates heat during operation of the drive and a base. The base has a surface that receives the component, a channel formed in the surface of the base and a passageway formed in the base and receiving fluid therethrough. Fluid flowing through the passageway provides cooling to the component and the base is manufactured from an injection molding process. |
| US08149578B2 |
Airflow restrictor door
An airflow restrictor door is pivotably supported by and extends from a support towards a card receiving bay. |
| US08149577B2 |
Self-cooled thyristor valve
The present invention relates to a self-cooled thyistor device for ultra-high voltage fault current limiter. a self-cooled thyristor valve, it adopts horizontal structure consisted by frames, frames is divided into upper and below two spaces by crossbeams, the bottom of frames is supported by insulators. There is a cross plate between two vertical said frames, the cross plate mounts resistors connect with a high potential plate and capacitor through two wires. There is a thyistor string in said frame upper space, which is constituted of thyistors and cooler series. The thyistor string is compressed tightly by press-fit mechanism, thyistor string crosses current transformers. There are high potential plates on both sides of the thyistor, the number of the potential plates is equal to that of thyistor. One side of the high potential plates links frames, said current transformers connects with high potential plates. There are capacitors and resistors connected with the bottom plate of said frames in the below space. The small and well-structured invention meets the requirement of the energy on continuous trigger condition, improves the global reliability of thyristor valve. |
| US08149573B2 |
Electronic device
An electronic device is provided, including a main body, a display module pivotally connected to the main body, a first magnet in the main body, a second magnet in the display module, a lever movably disposed in the main body, and a joining member movably disposed in the main body and connected to the lever. When the display module and the main body are folded, the second magnet attracts the first magnet, and the lever pushes the joining member to protrude from the main body and join with the display module. |
| US08149566B2 |
Laminated electronic component and manufacturing method therefor
A method for manufacturing a laminated electronic component includes the steps of preparing a component main body having a laminated structure, the component main body including a plurality of internal electrodes formed therein, and each of the internal electrodes being partially exposed on an external surface of the component main body, and forming an external terminal electrode on the external surface of the component main body such that the external terminal electrode is electrically connected to the internal electrodes. The step of forming the external terminal electrode includes the steps of forming a first plating layer on exposed surfaces of the internal electrodes of the component main body, applying a water repellant at least on a surface of the first plating layer and on a section in the external surface of the component main body at which an end edge of the first plating layer is located, and then forming a second plating layer on the first plating layer having the water repellant applied thereon. |
| US08149560B2 |
Electrostatic discharge apparatus for touch key
An electrostatic discharge apparatus for a touch key. A need for a conductive material or a ground layer included in the touch key is removed and a ground pattern portion is formed to prevent damage caused by static electricity introduced into the touch key. The electrostatic discharge apparatus for a touch key having a touch sensing unit and a connector unit extending from one end of the touch sensing unit includes a ground pattern portion having at least one ground pattern, which is included in the touch key and formed on a static-electricity path of the touch key, and a conduction-processing portion connecting the ground patterns with each other and connected with a main body, thereby removing a need for a ground layer provided along an internal circumference of a conventional touch sensing unit, reducing cost by not including EMI paint on the entire surface of the touch key, and preventing static electricity from being introduced into internal circuits of the touch key by causing static electricity introduced into the ground pattern portion to be discharged without passing through the internal circuits of the touch key, thus improving the stability and durability of the touch key. |
| US08149550B2 |
Protective device having a circuit breaker, in particular a low-voltage circuit breaker
A protective device is disclosed having a circuit breaker for an electrical connection between a transformer and a load, wherein an overcurrent device is arranged between the transformer and the load. The overcurrent device has first magnetoelectric transducers arranged at each phase conductor and the neutral conductor, wherein the overcurrent device uses the transducer currents to in each case establish the presence of a first ground-fault current, and wherein the circuit breaker has a switching device, which interrupts at least the phase conductors between the transformer and the load in the event of the presence of a first ground-fault current (unrestricted earth fault). In order to also be able to determine the ground fault current between the transformer and the circuit breaker, at least one embodiment of the invention proposes providing in each case second magnetoelectric transducers at each phase conductor, the neutral conductor and a star-point conductor which is connected to the star point, using the transducer currents of the second transducer in each case to determine the presence of a second ground-fault current (restricted earth fault), and forming a signal for disconnecting the transformer in the event of the presence of a second ground-fault current. |
| US08149546B2 |
Magnetic field detecting element including tri-layer stack with stepped portion
A magnetic field detecting element comprises a stack including upper and lower magnetic layers, and a non-magnetic intermediate layer sandwiched therebetween, wherein magnetization of the magnetic layers changes in accordance with an external magnetic field; upper and lower shield electrode layers sandwiching the stack in a direction of stacking, wherein the upper and lower shield electrode layers supply sense current in the direction of stacking, and magnetically shield the stack; a bias magnetic layer provided on a surface of the stack opposite to an air bearing surface, and wherein the bias magnetic layer applies a bias magnetic field to the upper and lower magnetic layers in a direction perpendicular to the air bearing surface; and insulating layers provided on both sides of the stack in a track width direction thereof, wherein the stack has a stepped portion formed at the non-magnetic intermediate layer. |
| US08149542B2 |
Wiring connecting structure for piezoelectric element, wiring connecting method, piezoelectric actuator, and head suspension
A wiring connecting structure for a piezoelectric element is capable of performing wiring to the piezoelectric element without deteriorating the quality and reliability of the piezoelectric element. The piezoelectric element is arranged between a base and head of an object, to minutely move the head in a sway direction according to deformation that occurs on the piezoelectric element in response to a voltage applied from a terminal to an electrode of the piezoelectric element. The wiring connecting structure includes first and second liquid stoppers arranged between the terminal and the electrode, the second liquid stopper being arranged outside the first liquid stopper. The wiring connecting structure also includes an adhesive part to connect the electrode to the terminal. The adhesive part has a conductive adhesive part defined by the first liquid stopper and a sealing adhesive part defined by the second liquid stopper. The sealing adhesive part seals the first liquid stopper and conductive adhesive part. |
| US08149539B2 |
Thin film structure with controlled lateral thermal spreading in the thin film
An apparatus includes a magnetic layer, a heat sink layer, and a thermal resistor layer between the magnetic layer and the heat sink layer. The apparatus may be configured as a thin film structure arranged for data storage. The apparatus may also include an interlayer positioned between the magnetic layer and the thermal resistor layer. |
| US08149538B2 |
Magnetic head for perpendicular recording and disk drive with the same
According to one embodiment, a magnetic head for perpendicular recording includes a slider includes a facing surface, and a head section on the slider. The head section includes a main pole, a recording coil configured to excite the main pole, a write/shield pole opposed to a trailing side of the main pole across a write gap, and side shields disposed individually on opposite sides of the main pole transversely relative to a track to face side faces of the main pole and magnetically separated from the main pole. That part of a side face of each of the side shields opposed to each corresponding side face of the main pole which is located at the shortest distance from a leading end of each of the side faces of the main pole, on the facing surface, includes a permeability lower than that of the other part of the side shield. |
| US08149537B2 |
Magnetic writer with multi-component shield
A writer comprises a main pole, a write gap and a write shield. The main pole has a main pole tip for emitting magnetic flux. The write gap is adjacent the main pole tip along a center axis of the writer. The write shield is spaced from the main pole tip by the write gap. The write shield comprises a first component located above the main pole tip along the center axis and a second component having different magnetic properties from the first component. The second component extends perpendicularly to the center axis from opposing sides of the first component. |
| US08149536B1 |
Perpendicular magnetic recording head having a pole tip formed with a CMP uniformity structure
A method and system for manufacturing a perpendicular magnetic recording head is disclosed. The method and system include providing a chemical mechanical planarization (CMP) uniformity structure having an aperture therein and forming a perpendicular magnetic recording pole within the aperture. The CMP uniformity structure may include a CMP barrier layer. The method and system further include fabricating an insulator after formation of the perpendicular magnetic recording pole and performing a CMP to remove a portion of the insulator, expose a portion of the perpendicular magnetic recording pole and planarize an exposed surface of the perpendicular magnetic recording head. |
| US08149533B2 |
Load/unload control method and apparatus for a magnetic disk drive
According to one embodiment, an estimation method comprises measuring and creating. The measuring is configured to measure a head velocity and a terminal voltage of a coil of a voice coil motor at least two times before unload in a control system eliminating an influence caused by a transient response of inductance of the voice coil motor. The calculating is configured to a calculate torque constant and a coil resistance based on command voltages and at least two measured head velocities and terminal voltages of the coil. |
| US08149531B1 |
Electrostatic discharge protection circuit for magneto-resistive read elements
A read head circuit includes a read element configured to read data stored magnetically on a platter. The read element includes a first terminal and a second terminal. A normally-ON transistor includes a first terminal, a second terminal and a control terminal. The first terminal is directly connected to the first terminal of the read element. A second terminal is directly connected to the second terminal of the read element. Responsive to the control terminal being powered, the normally-ON transistor provides an open circuit between the first terminal of the read element and the second terminal of the read element. Responsive to the control terminal not being powered, the normally-ON transistor is configured to short the first terminal of the read element to the second terminal of the read element. |
| US08149530B1 |
Methodology for equalizing systemic latencies in television reception in connection with games of skill played in connection with live television programming
A method of and system for handling latency issues encountered in producing real-time entertainment such as games of skill synchronized with live or taped televised events is described herein. There are multiple situations that are dealt with regarding latencies in receiving a television signal with respect to real-time entertainment based on the unfolding games played along with the telecasts. Systemic delays, arbitrarily imposed delays of a broadcast signal and variances in the precise broadcast times of taped television programs have to be equalized so as to provide fair entertainment. |
| US08149524B2 |
Optical system and image pickup apparatus having the same
An optical system includes, in order from an object side to an image side, a first lens having a negative refractive power and having a meniscus shape whose surface on the object side has a convex shape and whose surface on the image side has an aspheric shape, a second lens having a negative refractive power, and a third lens having a negative refractive power. In the optical system, a focal length of the entire optical system (f), a focal length of the first lens (f1), and respective radii of curvature of lens surfaces of the second lens on the object side and on the image side (G2R1, G2R2) satisfy the following conditions: −1.6 |
| US08149523B2 |
Image pickup lens, image pickup apparatus and mobile terminal
An image pickup lens relating to the present invention is a lens for forming an image of a subject onto a photoelectric converter of a solid-state image pickup element. The image pickup lens includes, in order from an object side thereof: an aperture stop; a first lens with a positive refractive power; a second lens in a meniscus shape with a negative refractive power, whose object side surface is a convex surface; a third lens with a positive refractive power; and a fourth lens with a negative refractive power. The image pickup lens satisfies a predetermined conditions relating to a curvature radius of the object side surface of the second lens and an Abbe number of the second lens. |
| US08149517B2 |
Zoom lens unit, imaging device and portable information terminal device
A zoom lens unit, including in order from an object side to an image side: a first lens group having a positive refracting power; a second lens group having a negative refracting power; a third lens group having a positive refracting power; and a fourth lens group having a positive refracting power, an aperture stop being disposed between the second and the third lens groups, and the third lens group having a positive lens made of an optical glass material which satisfies the following formulae: (1) 1.52 |
| US08149516B2 |
Zoom lens with high optical performance throughout entire zoom range and image pickup apparatus having the same
A zoom lens comprises, in order from an object side to an image side, a first lens unit having a positive refractive power, a second lens unit having a negative refractive power, a third lens unit, and a fourth lens unit having a positive refractive power. The fourth lens unit includes a forty-first lens unit having a negative refractive power and arranged at the object side with reference to the longest air gap and a forty-second lens unit having a positive refractive power and arranged at the image side with reference to the air gap. The forty-first lens unit includes a negative 411st lens, and the forty-second lens unit includes a positive 421st lens. Abbe numbers and partial dispersion ratios of materials of the 411st lens and the 421st lens νd411, θgF411, νd421 and θgF421 are appropriately set. |
| US08149514B2 |
Zoom lens system, imaging device and camera
A zoom lens system of the present invention has a plurality of lens units each composed of at least one lens element and, in order from the object side to the image side, comprises: a first lens unit having negative optical power and composed of two lens elements; a second lens unit having positive optical power; and a third lens unit having positive optical power, wherein in zooming, at least the first lens unit and the second lens unit move along an optical axis, on the image side relative to the second lens unit, an aperture diaphragm is arranged that moves along the optical axis integrally with the second lens unit during zooming, the second lens unit moves in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis, and the condition is satisfied: 1.00<(1−m2W)×m3W<1.50 where, Z=fT/fW>4.0, ωW>35, m2W, m3W: lateral magnifications of the second and third lens units at a wide-angle limit in an infinity in-focus condition, fT, fW: focal lengths of the entire system at a telephoto limit, a wide-angle limit, ωW: a half value of maximum view angle at a wide-angle limit. |
| US08149512B2 |
Micro-shutter device and method of manufacturing the same
Micro-shutter device applicable to display devices including a flexible display device and method of manufacturing same are provided. Micro-shutter device includes membrane. Frame including receiving hole in its center portion is bonded to membrane. Transparent substrate is bonded to frame to encapsulate optical fluid received in receiving hole. Actuator varies refractive power produced by change in curvature of fluid lens formed in the center portion of the receiving hole due to bending of a periphery of the fluid lens. A reflector is disposed to correspond to the fluid lens and be spaced apart from the membrane, such that light intensity transferred to a user is adjusted depending on the refractive power produced by a change in curvature of the fluid lens. Therefore, the device has improved optical efficiency compared to using liquid crystal and a polarizing film, and can have a flexible structure for application to a flexible display device. |
| US08149510B2 |
Diffractive optical element and method of making the same
A diffractive optical element according to the present invention includes: a lens body 11 with a blazed grating 13 on an aspheric surface 11a thereof; and an optical adjustment layer 15 that covers the diffraction grating 13. The lens body 11 is made of a first material 14a and the optical adjustment layer 15 is made of a second material 14b that has a higher refractive index than the first material 14a. The diffraction grating 13 has a number of ring zones that are arranged concentrically around an optical axis, where the height of each ring zone with respect to the aspheric surface 11a of the lens body 11 is represented by an increasing function of a distance r from the optical axis. The increasing function is represented by a phase polynomial that uses the distance r as a variable and that has a magnitude of 3/4π to 7/4π when r=0. |
| US08149508B2 |
System for providing an enhanced immersive display environment
An immersive dome includes a number of novel features designed to enhance the performance of the immersive dome over presently-known immersive dome environments. Projectors are mounted in a multi-tier tower, out of sight beneath a viewing platform positioned to provide optimal wrap-around viewing. The projection surface consists of open-cell foam that allows passage of behind-surface sound into the dome while allowing unwanted ambient noise within the dome to escape. A visually-reflective coating, in conjunction with the open cell structure, provides a textured surface that acts as a micro-baffle and suppresses cross-reflection of projected imagery. |
| US08149507B2 |
Binocular
Binoculars have two tubes connected to each other via a folding bridge and an Abbe-König prism system is arranged in each tube and the Abbe-König prism systems are provided for image reversal of respective visual viewing beam paths. Each Abbe-König system includes an isosceles prism and a roof prism adjacent thereto. A laser transmitter (21) in the first tube (3a) and a corresponding laser receiver (22) in the second tube (3b) can be changed in parallel with respect to the distance to each other by means of the folding bridge (37). One of the two prisms (9, 10) of each Abbe-König prism system (6) is configured with a splitter layer (12, 12′, 12″) or is connected via a cement layer for splitting the viewing beam (7) and laser beam (24) into separate beams with the beams (7, 24) running part way in common in the respective tubes (3a, 3b). |
| US08149500B2 |
Bragg mirror and method for making same
In an embodiment, set forth by way of example and not limitation, a Bragg mirror includes a first bi-layer of a first thickness and a second bi-layer of a second thickness which is different from the first thickness. In this exemplary embodiment, the first bi-layer consists essentially of a first high impedance layer and a first low impedance layer, and the second bi-layer of a second thickness which is different from the first thickness, the second bi-layer consisting essentially of a second high impedance layer and a second low impedance layer. Preferably, the first bi-layer is configured to substantially reflect a first wavelength and the second bi-layer is configured to substantially reflect a second wavelength different from the first wavelength. |
| US08149497B2 |
Support structure for MEMS device and methods therefor
A microelectromechanical systems device having support structures formed of sacrificial material surrounded by a protective material. The microelectromechanical systems device includes a substrate having an electrode formed thereon. Another electrode is separated from the first electrode by a cavity and forms a movable layer, which is supported by support structures formed of a sacrificial material. |
| US08149495B2 |
Reflective display having improved brightness and contrast
A reflective display, comprising a plurality of pixels (10), each having a first electrode, a light-modifying layer (12), and a second electrode (3; 16) arranged to enable formation of an electric field in the light-modifying layer (12) through application of a voltage between the electrodes. The pixel (10) further includes an active portion (16) which is switchable between light-modifying states by means of said electric field, and an inactive portion (17). The inactive portion (17) is arranged for reflecting light so as to direct at least a fraction of incoming light (20) impinging on the inactive portion (17) towards the active portion (16). As a result, a contrast ratio of the reflective display is improved, since light is now directed from the inactive portion towards the active portion and thus contributes to the displayed image as observed by a viewer. |
| US08149494B1 |
Two-photon absorption switch having which-path exclusion and monolithic mach-zehnder interferometer
A monolithic Mach-Zehnder Interferometer (MZI) is provided for photon beam-splitting and beam-combining with accurate super-positioning of the outgoing beams, which creates the interference. The MZI includes a complimentary pair of right-isosceles triangular prisms, and several reflector units. The triangular prisms are configurable to physically join together along associated hypotenuse surfaces that form a beam-splitter interface, thereby producing a rectangular prism having a square cross-section with four outer side surfaces. Each reflector unit forms a right-isosceles mirror that rigidly faces a corresponding surface of the four outer side surfaces of the rectangular prism. The MZI further includes a spacer disposed between the corresponding surface and the each reflector unit. |
| US08149492B2 |
Optical modulator
An optical modulator has an optical splitter for splitting an input light beam into a first and second light beam; a first and a second wave-guide arm connected to the optical splitter for receiving and transmitting therethrough the first and second light beam, respectively, the waveguide arms each including a core region having group IV semiconductor material or a combination of group IV semiconductor materials; an optical combiner connected to the first and second waveguide arm for receiving the first and second light beam and combining them into an output light beam; a first and a second electrode structure associated with the first and second waveguide arm, respectively; and a driving circuit for supplying voltage to the first and second electrode structure. The driving circuit is adapted to supply a first modulation voltage super-imposed to a first bias voltage to the first electrode structure and a second modulation voltage superimposed to a second bias voltage to the second electrode structure. |
| US08149482B2 |
System and method for characterizing color separation misregistration
A system and method is provided for characterizing color separation misregistration associated with marking a substrate. The method includes providing an input image having a plurality of patches, each patch having a pattern using a first and second color; marking a substrate with a copy of the input image using a first and second color separation to correspond to the first and second colors, respectively; and measuring a color characteristic of markings of respective copied patches of the copied plurality of patches and generating corresponding colorimetric values. Misregistration of the first color separation markings relative to the second color separation markings is characterized based on the measured calorimetric values. |
| US08149478B2 |
Image processing apparatus and method of controlling same
In order to extract a plurality of items of image data corresponding to respective ones of a plurality of documents from scan data more accurately, an image processing apparatus is provided with a detection unit adapted to detect a plurality of image areas corresponding to the plurality of documents; a setting unit adapted to set a reference area size from sizes of the plurality of image areas; a comparison unit adapted to compare the sizes of the plurality of image areas and the reference area size; and a decision unit adapted to decide that an image area detected by the detection unit has not been detected correctly if result of the comparison by the comparison unit exceeds a preset threshold value. |
| US08149471B2 |
Image reading apparatus, image reading method and image reading program for cross-talk noise reduction
An image reading apparatus in which cross-talk noise occurring between plural reading units is reduced, an image reading method and an image reading program are provided. There are included plural reading units that respectively operate at different timings, a noise calculation unit that acquires first read data as a result of reading of a first read object as the read object by the plural reading units, acquires an operation state of the plural reading units during the reading of the first read object, and calculates, based on the operation state and the first read data obtained in the operation state, noise information based on the operation state, and a noise removal unit that acquires second read data as a result of reading of a second read object as the read object different from the first read object by the plural reading units, and removes noise from the second read data based on the noise information calculated by the noise calculation unit. |
| US08149464B2 |
Clustered dot-screen design method, a device to perform the clustered dot-screen design method based on human vision and printer model characteristics, and an image-forming apparatus to output binary images on a designed screen
A clustered-dot screen design method, a device to perform the clustered-dot screen design method based on human vision characteristics and printer model characteristics, and an image-forming apparatus to output binary images using designed screens. The clustered-dot screen design method based on the human vision characteristics and the printer model characteristics includes determining positions of a plurality of clustered-dot centers using a predetermined method, and designing a screen by growing specific sub-dots about the cluster centers using a predetermined algorithm according to position information of the cluster centers, the human vision characteristics, and the printer model characteristics. The clustered-dot design method has a high tolerance for defects of printers, since a dot growth sequence about the cluster centers is designed in an optimized method based on the human vision characteristics and the printer model characteristics to have an optimized image quality in output images of the printers, and the dots are clustered about the cluster centers. |
| US08149462B2 |
Line printer
A plurality of types of positional shift postulated patterns are postulated wherein the positional shift of print head tips in a printer are postulated to have positional shift directions and distances. For each of the postulated positional shift postulated patterns, a base dithering mask is generated considering the ability to produce excellent dot dispersion characteristics when this postulated positional shift has occurred. Additionally, optimal dithering masks are generated through multiply combining the sets of threshold values that comprise the base dithering masks. Doing so enables the suppression of degradation of printed image quality, even when there are positional shifts between the print heads, in a half toning process for printing using a printer that is provided with a plurality of print heads that are arranged in a line across a printing range. |
| US08149460B2 |
Image processing apparatus, image processing method, and computer-readable encoding medium encoded with a computer program
An image processing apparatus, including a color conversion part configured to conduct a color conversion of image data. The color conversion part extends an information amount of an output value in the color conversion based on a first minimum information amount possible to depict a gradation in a lattice point interval of an input value in a look up table used for the color conversion. |
| US08149457B2 |
Image forming apparatus, image forming method, and computer readable medium recording a printing data generation program
An image forming apparatus using a plurality of colorants for image formation, includes a generation unit which generates bitmap data, in which each pixel has a gradation value of each color of the colorants, with respect to an object of the image formation; a classification unit which classifies the pixels into a plurality of predetermined groups based on the bitmap data and generates classification data corresponding to the classified groups for each pixel; a detection unit which detects, based on the classification data, a range, in which a correction processing of modifying the gradation values has to be executed, on the bitmap data; and a correction unit which executes the correction processing to the detected range, wherein the image formation is executed based on bitmap data after the correction processing. |
| US08149450B2 |
Document management system, document management method, and storage medium
In a document management system according to an embodiment of the present invention, in order to prevent a leakage of information, in a case where a copy of a document is transferred to a media, a deletion processing with respect to the document is disabled. Then, in a case where it is confirmed that document leakage is not performed from the media, the deletion processing with respect to the document from the media is canceled. |
| US08149448B2 |
Systems and methods for rapidly creating an image from a document
A method of rapidly creating an image from a document is disclosed. Image data derived from a document is received at an imaging device. It is then determined whether the image data is in an image-ready format that can be directly processed by a marking engine. If the image data is in an image-ready format, it is transmitted to the marking engine to create an image. If it is not in an image-ready format, the image data is converted to a proper format. The image data is transmitted to the marking engine. If the image data is spooled to a nonvolatile storage device, the spooling takes place only after or concurrent with transmission of the image data to the marking engine such that creation of the image is not delayed by this spooling process. |
| US08149446B2 |
Printer capable of refusing receipt of printed materials sent from an unintended source
A printer (100) for printing based on a print job signal sent from a data processing device (200) registers print job signal sending sources and a message corresponding to each sending source in memory (111, 112). A controller (113) detects whether the sending source of a received print job signal is registered in memory. If the sending source is registered, a messaging unit (110, 111) outputs a corresponding message. Sending sources that are permitted to print can also be registered in memory (111, 112). In this case, the controller (113) detects whether the sending source of a received print job signal is registered in memory, and instructs the printer (110) to print only when the sending source is registered as permitted to print. |
| US08149445B2 |
Delivery expert system, method and computer program product
An automated rule-based system for facilitating delivery of a fax document from a source to a destination over a network where an initial delivery attempt has been unsuccessful. Actions to be taken are based upon a time-variable set of input conditions which may be determined from one or more of the destination, the source, a database of past delivery attempts, and a human analyst. The actions may include one or more of resubmitting the fax document to the network for a next delivery attempt, cancelling the document, sending a request to the source or destination for additional delivery information, and identifying the destination as a technical problem. The input conditions may include an identification of non-business days and non-business hours. |
| US08149439B2 |
Method and system for aggregating print jobs
There is provided a computer implemented method of automatically aggregating multiple print jobs. The method includes: storing, in memory, a first print job group complying with a first set of print job aggregation criteria and a second print job group complying with a second set of print job aggregation criteria. A print job is received and at least a part of the received print job is aggregated with the first print job group to form a first aggregated print job set if the received print job complies with the first set of print job aggregation criteria and one of a set of release criteria is met. At least a part of the received print job is aggregated with the second print job group to form a second aggregated print job set if the received print job complies with the second set of print job aggregation criteria and one of a set of release criteria is met. Each one of the first aggregated print job and the second aggregated print job sets is transmitted to one or more document processing resources for processing. In turn, a network client may be apprised of when one of the first, second and third print jobs has been processed with the one or more document processing resources. |
| US08149435B2 |
Information processing apparatus, printing system, and control method therefor
The present invention realizes a network printing system capable of accumulating and chasing printed data. Further, by providing a job chasing function on the printer driver side, detailed setting can be done to extract history information of the job chasing function. The detailed setting to extract history information to chase a job can be done only by a specific administrator or user so that the job can be reliably chased, whereas the administrator or user can obtain desired history information. Accordingly, a precise jog chasing system can be established. |
| US08149425B2 |
Image processing apparatus for designating reading conditions
An image processing apparatus includes a reading unit, a first designation unit, a first storage unit, and a reading control unit. The reading unit generates an image by reading multiple original documents. The designation unit designates a reading condition with respect to a portion of the original documents in a case of reading. The storage unit stores the reading condition, corresponding to the portion received by the designation unit, as reading condition information. The reading control unit reads the reading condition information stored in the storage unit and controls the reading unit based on the reading condition information read. |
| US08149423B2 |
Position detection apparatus, exposure apparatus, and method of manufacturing device
A position detection apparatus includes an imaging system, an illumination system including a rotary table having first and second aperture stops, both of which can be positioned on the pupil plane of the illumination system, a first image sensor that detects the image of the mark formed by the imaging system, a second image sensor that senses an image of the aperture stop for the imaging system and that of the first aperture stop, and a controller. The controller corrects the first aperture stop so as to reduce the adverse influence of a displacement of the first aperture stop, based on sensed images of the aperture stop for the imaging system and the first aperture stop. Based on the detected position of the image of the mark, the apparatus detects the position of an object to be detected using the illumination light having passed through the corrected first aperture stop. |
| US08149420B2 |
Interferometer calibration system and method
A metrology system is provided comprising a diffraction grating mounted on the object, and an interferometer head operable to direct at least one measurement light beam towards the grating at a non-zero angle of incidence. With a single first separation in the second direction between the object and the interferometer head, respective displacement measurements are made at known displacements of the object. From the displacement measurements are generated respective original calibration values, each pertaining to a respective one of the known displacements. With a second separation in the second direction between the object and the interferometer head, a displacement of the object is measured. The measured displacement is corrected using an offset calibration value derived from at least one of the original calibration values and pertaining to at least one offset displacement, offset from the measured displacement. |
| US08149418B2 |
Method and apparatus for optical imaging via spectral encoding
Exemplary method, apparatus and arrangement can be provided for obtaining information associated with a sample such as a portion of an anatomical structure. The information can be generated using first data, which can be based on a signal obtained from a location on the sample, and second data, where the second data can be obtained by combining a second signal received from the sample with a third reference signal. An image of a portion of the sample can also be generated based on the information. For example, the first data can be associated with spectral encoding microscopy data, and the second data can be associated with optical coherence tomography data. |
| US08149416B2 |
Apparatus and method for dynamic cellular probing and diagnostics using holographic optical forcing array
The present invention utilizes a holographic optical forcing array for dynamic cellular probing and diagnostics. A holographic optical trapping system generates optical forces on objects so that deformations thereof may be quantified. In one embodiment, digital holography is used to generate an interference pattern, and an analysis thereof determines the phase profile which yields a measurement of the objects' shape deformation using only one image. In another embodiment, phase-stepped holography allows the phase profile of an object to be measured using only one image, by using a holographic optical element to make phase-shifted replicas of the beam in space. In another embodiment, the optical forcing array applies optical forces to beads placed on the objects' surface, deforming the objects. The beads' position is determined by applying Mie theory, and analysis thereof yields the three dimensional position of the beads, and a measurement of the deformation displacement on the objects' surface. |
| US08149412B2 |
Dynamic detection device based on surface plasmon resonance effect
A detection device based on the surface plasmon resonance effect, including a radiation emitter and a radiation detector, a fluidic substrate, a liquid crystal layer and respective control mechanism. |
| US08149407B1 |
Method and apparatus for trace gas detection using off-axis cavity and multiple line integrated spectroscopy
A sensor for NO2 with ultrahigh sensitivity of detection is created by combining off-axis integrated cavity output spectroscopy (OA-ICOS) (which can provide large path lengths of the order of several km in a small volume cell) with multiple line integrated absorption spectroscopy (MLIAS) (where the absorption spectra is integrated over a large number of rotational-vibrational transitions of the molecular species to further improve the sensitivity). Employing an external cavity tunable quantum cascade laser operating in the 1601-1670 cm−1 range and a high finesse optical cavity, the absorption spectra of NO2 over 100 transitions in the R-band have been recorded. Based on the observed linear relationship between the integrated absorption vs. concentration of NO2, the sensor has an effective sensitivity of detection of 28 ppt for NO2, which is among the most sensitive levels of detection of NO2 to date. This technique can be applied using any tunable laser source, such as diode lasers, capable of tuning over multiple lines of target species including complex molecules and explosive compounds. |
| US08149405B2 |
Color analysis system and method
A color analysis system includes a plurality of light sources configured to illuminate a test patch. A sensor is configured to receive light from the plurality of light sources reflected from the test patch. A controller is configured to determine the color of the test patch in response to light received by the sensor reflected from the first light source, and adjust the color determination in response to light received by the sensor reflected from the first and second light sources. |
| US08149399B2 |
Methods and systems for simultaneous real-time monitoring of optical signals from multiple sources
Methods and systems for real-time monitoring of optical signals from arrays of signal sources, and particularly optical signal sources that have spectrally different signal components. Systems include signal source arrays in optical communication with optical trains that direct excitation radiation to and emitted signals from such arrays and image the signals onto detector arrays, from which such signals may be subjected to additional processing. |
| US08149398B2 |
Method of measuring gadolinia content using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry
A method of measuring a gadolinia content using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry is provided. The method can include grinding sintered gadolinium using a percussion mortar to obtain a ground sample; warming the ground sample and then dissolving it with an acid solution to obtain dissolved gadolinia; diluting the dissolved gadolinia with distilled water to obtain a diluted gadolinia solution; measuring mass of each of a uranium element and a gadolinium element in the diluted gadolinia solution by a unit of ppm using the inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry; and calculating a molar fraction of gadolinium from the diluted gadolinia solution and then calculating the gadolinia content using the molar fraction of gadolinium. |
| US08149395B2 |
Apparatus and method for inspecting pattern
A method and apparatus for inspecting defects includes emitting an ultraviolet light from an ultraviolet light source, illuminating a specimen with the ultraviolet light in which a polarization condition of the ultraviolet light is controlled, controlling a polarization condition of light reflected from the specimen which is illuminated by the polarization condition controlled ultraviolet light, detecting the light reflected from the specimen, processing the detected light so as to detect defects, and outputting information about the defects. The ultraviolet light source is disposed in a clean environment supplied with clean gas and separated from outside. |
| US08149388B2 |
Surveying apparatus for tracking and surveying an object
A surveying apparatus and method for surveying and tracking a moving object is disclosed to improve the tracking so that a moving object may be tracked reliably and automatically. The surveying apparatus comprises an optical arrangement to sight an object, and a tracking unit to track the sighted object. The tracking unit obtains an object parameter of the object, wherein the object parameter is associated with a movement of the object. Further, the tracking unit issues an instruction to the optical arrangement to change between a close range setting and a long range setting according to the obtained object parameter, the close range setting corresponding to a wide field of view and the long range setting to a narrow field of view. |
| US08149387B2 |
Method of placing a substrate, method of transferring a substrate, support system and lithographic projection apparatus
A method is provided for placing a substrate onto a surface of a substrate holder, the surface having a plurality of burls. First substrate placement data is calculated. This data enables placement of the substrate at a certain position with respect to a position of the plurality of burls on the surface of the substrate holder. Then, the substrate is placed at the certain position in accordance with the substrate placement data. The certain position may be based on the position at which placement would result in a minimized overlay error or may be based on the position at which placement would result in minimized substrate deformation. |
| US08149385B2 |
Alignment unit and exposure apparatus
An alignment unit includes a measurement unit configured to measure a coordinate of a center position of an alignment mark transferred to each layer that is located under an uppermost layer of a substrate, and a controller configured to determine a target coordinate of the center position of the alignment mark transferred to the uppermost layer of the substrate based on a result of a weighted average that is made by weighting the coordinate of the center position of the alignment mark of each layer of the substrate measured by the measurement unit using as a weight a function inversely proportional to a minimum critical dimension of the pattern of an original formed on each layer of the substrate. |
| US08149383B2 |
Method for determining the systematic error in the measurement of positions of edges of structures on a substrate resulting from the substrate topology
A method for determining the lateral correction as a function of the substrate topology and/or the geometry of the substrate holder is disclosed. The substrate is placed on a measuring stage traversable in the X coordinate direction and Y coordinate direction, which carries the substrate to be measured. The substrate is supported on at least three support points which define a plane. An apparatus is provided for determining the position of a plurality of positions on the surface of the substrate in the in the X, Y and Z coordinate directions. The substrate is tiltable about an axis parallel to the X/Y plane, to enable the substrate to be measured in a tilted position. |
| US08149380B2 |
Exposure apparatus and correction apparatus
An exposure apparatus is configured to expose a pattern of an original on a substrate by using light from a light source. The exposure apparatus includes an illumination optical system configured to illuminate the original by polarized light by using the light from the light source, and a correction unit configured to correct misalignment of the optical axis of the light from the light source and the optical axis of the illumination optical system. The correction unit includes a first lens and a deflecting member, the first lens can move in a direction perpendicular to an optical axis of the lens, and a deflecting direction of the light deflected by the deflecting member is variable. |
| US08149377B2 |
Tunable-focusing liquid crystal lens cell and method of fabrication thereof
A tunable-focusing liquid crystal lens (TLCL) cell has a liquid crystal layer arranged within a cell gap defined between substrates, a layer of optically transparent material arranged between the first substrate and the LC layer, and a liquid crystal alignment layer arranged between the optically transparent layer and the LC layer. The alignment layer is provided on a third optically transparent substrate having a non-planar shape for giving a non-planar profile to the LC layer, which substrate is obtained from a flexible sheet initially provided with the alignment layer and then formed into the non-planar shape. The lens further has a first optically transparent electrode provided on the second substrate, a second optically transparent electrode provided on either or both of first and third substrates. The electrodes are arranged to generate an electric field acting on the LC layer to change the focal distance of the LC cell. Methods for fabricating such TLCL cell are also provided. |
| US08149376B2 |
Test data processing apparatus and test data processing method
The test data processing apparatus of the present invention is a test data processing apparatus for processing test data obtained by testing defects of a sheet-shaped product having at least an optical film which is a member of an optical displaying apparatus, comprising a defect information preparing section, wherein, on the basis of surface defect test data relating to a surface defect and bright point test data relating to a bright point obtained when the optical film or a laminate body containing the optical film is regarded as an object of testing, in a case that a position of the surface defect and a position of the bright point are identical, the surface defect and the bright point located at the identical position are not regarded as a defect for processing by the defect information preparing section. |
| US08149366B2 |
Liquid crystal display and thin film transistor panel therefor
A thin film transistor panel for a liquid crystal display includes a substrate, a plurality of data lines formed over the substrate and extending in a first direction, and a plurality of gate lines formed over the substrate and extending in a second direction. The plurality of gate lines cross the plurality of data lines to form a plurality of pixel areas, each of the plurality of pixel areas having a multi-bent band shape. Each of a plurality of pixel electrodes are formed in a corresponding pixel area. |
| US08149364B2 |
Antiglare film, manufacturing method thereof and transmission type liquid crystal display
This invention provides an antiglare film of a type with a low content of particles that makes it possible to increase contrast, the antiglare film demonstrating appropriate antiglare property, small white blurring, and a low level of glittering, and also a method for manufacturing the film and a transmission type liquid crystal display. In the antiglare film, a content ratio of the particles in the binder matrix is within a range of 0.5-5 wt. %, a refractive index difference |nA−nM| is equal to or greater than 0.010, R25/R is in the range of 0.7-0.9, R75/R is in the range of 1.10-1.30, and R75/H is in the range of 0.70-1.50. |
| US08149361B2 |
Liquid crystal display
The present invention provides a liquid crystal display including a first substrate including a first alignment layer, gate lines, and data lines, a second substrate facing the first substrate and including a second alignment layer, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. A plurality of pixels are arranged in a matrix defined by the gate lines and the data lines, and alignment directions of the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer in a first pixel are different than alignment directions in a neighboring pixel. |
| US08149359B2 |
Display panel, display device, and terminal device
A display panel, a display device, and a terminal device, which can achieve a high image quality by decreasing deterioration of the image quality that may be caused due to combining a reflection plate including an uneven structure with an image distributing device, are provided. The display panel includes a lenticular lens for distributing light emitted from each of pixels towards different directions from each other along an arranging direction (a first direction) of a pixel for displaying an image for a first viewpoint and a pixel for displaying an image for a second viewpoint within a pixel unit, wherein a reflection plate including an uneven structure is formed in each of the pixels, and a layout pattern of the uneven structure on the reflection plate is different to the lenticular lens. |
| US08149354B2 |
Liquid crystal display device
Provided is a liquid crystal display device including: a substrate (13) including a polarizing layer (11) on a light-input side; a substrate (14) including a polarizing layer (12) on another side, the polarizing layers having absorption axes substantially perpendicular; a liquid crystal layer (15) in which a liquid-crystal-molecule is aligned to be substantially horizontal to the substrates. In a case where an absorption axis of the polarizing layer (11) and an optical axis of the liquid crystal layer are substantially perpendicular, the optical compensating members (17 and 18) may be provided between the polarizing layer (11) and the liquid crystal layer; the absorption axis of the polarizing layer (11) and a slow axis of the optical compensating members are substantially perpendicular; each pixel satisfies nx≈ny≠nz; thickness-direction retardation for pixels of one color is different from other colors; and the thickness-direction retardation for red pixels is larger than 0 nm. |
| US08149352B2 |
Backlight unit and liquid crystal display device having the same
A backlight unit which prevents an initial driving malfunction is disclosed. The backlight unit includes: a bottom cover opened upwardly; a reflective sheet disposed in the inner surface of the bottom cover; a plurality of lamps arranged in a fixed interval on the reflective sheet; a driver disposed on the rear surface of the bottom cover; an auxiliary light source loaded on the driver; a first hole formed in a region of the bottom cover opposite to the auxiliary light source; and a hole region, on the reflective sheet, including one of plural micro-penetration holes and plural slit holes and opposite the first hole on the reflective sheet. |
| US08149348B2 |
Display device and lenticular sheet of the display device and method thereof
A display device includes a display panel on which a plurality of pixels are arranged in a matrix, and a lenticular sheet which is disposed above the display panel and includes a plurality of prism lenses disposed on the lenticular sheet. Each of the plurality of prism lenses includes a first surface, a second surface and a third surface. Each surface of the prism lens is disposed extending in a first direction substantially parallel to a longitudinal direction of the prism lenses, and arranged substantially parallel with each other. |
| US08149346B2 |
Display device and manufacturing method thereof
It is an object of the present invention to form a pixel electrode and a metal film using one resist mask in manufacturing a stacked structure by forming the metal film over the pixel electrode. A conductive film to be a pixel electrode and a metal film are stacked. A resist pattern having a thick region and a region thinner than the thick region is formed over the metal film using an exposure mask having a semi light-transmitting portion. The pixel electrode, and the metal film formed over part of the pixel electrode to be in contact therewith are formed using the resist pattern. Accordingly, a pixel electrode and a metal film can be formed using one resist mask. |
| US08149334B2 |
PIP processing apparatus and method thereof
A PIP (Picture In Picture) processing apparatus processes a main image and a secondary image and includes a scaling circuit, a memory circuit, a first selecting circuit and a processing circuit. The scaling circuit scales down the secondary image to output a scaled-down secondary image. The memory circuit stores the main image and the scaled-down secondary image. The first selecting circuit is connected with a controlling circuit to receive an image selecting signal, and is connected with the memory circuit to select the scaled-down secondary image or the main image as an output according to the image selecting signal. The processing circuit is connected with the first selecting circuit to process the main image or the scaled-down image. |
| US08149331B2 |
Delay stabilization method and apparatus for video format conversion
A method for stabilizing delay during conversion between Standard Definition (SD) video and High Definition (HD) video includes the step of establishing an integer divide ratio (M/N) corresponding to a ratio of clock rates with the output and input formats. The output clock rate is generated from the input clock rate by a Phase Lock Loop (104) using the M/N divide ratio to provide a known phase relationship between the two clocks rates at a repetitive interval. The video frame can be transferred at the known repetitive interval to provide coarse control over the input-to-output video delay. A separate fine tuning control (delay block) is provided to enable any programmable delay in video throughput to be accommodated to an accuracy of ±0.5 output pixel periods. |
| US08149329B2 |
Image processing system and related image processing method thereof
An image processing system, for processing display data and vertical blanking interval data carried by a composite signal, is disclosed. The image process system includes: a video decoder, for decoding the display data to generate corresponding image data; a VBI decoder, for decoding the VBI data to generate corresponding VBI image data; a converter, for converting the VBI image data into color index data; a transmission interface, for transmitting the decoded image data and color index data; and an image processing module, for receiving the image data and the color index data to deinterlace/scale the image data and converting the color index data back into the original VBI image data, mixing the processed image data and the VBI image data such that data to be displayed can be generated. |
| US08149328B2 |
Shoulder pad, pad unit, and video camera
A pad main body of a shoulder pad includes an elastic pad part comprising two side walls provided to face each other, and a bottom wall provided between these side walls to form a U-shape along with the side walls; and a rib provided on the inside of the U shape of the pad part, from one of the two side walls to the other. |
| US08149327B2 |
Camera module with dual lens modules and image sensors
A camera module includes first and second lens modules, a first holder receiving the first lens module therein, a second holder receiving the second lens modules therein, a circuit board arranged between the first and second holders, first and second image sensors arranged on opposite surfaces of the circuit board, and first and second reflecting members. The first image sensor is received in the first holder. The second image sensor is received in the second holder. The first reflecting member is arranged in the first holder and has a first reflecting surface for reflecting and directing the light converged by the first lens module to the first image sensor. The second reflecting member is arranged in the second holder and has a second reflecting surface for reflecting and directing the light converged by the second lens module to the second image sensor. |
| US08149326B2 |
Real-time exposure control for automatic light control
An imager and a method for real-time, non-destructive monitoring of light incident on imager pixels during their exposure to light. Real-time or present pixel signals, which are indicative of present illumination on the pixels, are compared to a reference signal during the exposure. Adjustments, if necessary, are made to programmable parameters such as gain and/or exposure time to automatically control the imager's exposure to the light. In a preferred exemplary embodiment, only a selected number of pixels are monitored for exposure control as opposed to monitoring the entire pixel array. |
| US08149319B2 |
End-to-end design of electro-optic imaging systems for color-correlated objects
An electro-optic color imaging system includes an optical subsystem, a detector subsystem and a digital image processing subsystem. The system is used to image a color-correlated object. In the optical subsystem, the image surfaces for different color channels of the object are substantially separated. Thus, one color channel may be in focus while others are out of focus. The detector subsystem is located at a fixed image distance from the optical subsystem and captures the different color channel images of the object. The image processing subsystem estimates the image of the object by combining the captured color channel images based at least in part on an a priori estimate of the correlation between the color channels. |
| US08149318B2 |
Reproducing apparatus, image data reproducing method, program, and storage medium
A reproducing apparatus, an image data reproducing method, a program, and a storage medium each detects an attitude state of the reproducing apparatus, extracts a part of an area of image data obtained by an image pickup device, and reproduces the part of the area of the extracted image data. According to the detection result, the part of the area of the image data is changed to another part of the area and rotation processing of another part of the area is performed, thereby reproducing the another part of the area which was subjected to the rotation processing. |
| US08149313B2 |
Photographic apparatus, setting method of photography conditions, and recording medium
In a digital camera 1, when a shutter button is pressed halfway, then a photographic scene is evaluated until the shutter button is fully depressed, and based on automatic parameters corresponding to the evaluated photographic scene which are set, each portion is controlled in accordance with the set automatic parameters (Step S3). Furthermore, tags for manual setting corresponding to the photographic scene evaluated in Step S2 are superimposed on a live view image (Step S5). Whether a touch for any of the tags has been detected is determined (Step S9). If a touch has been detected, manual parameters corresponding to the touched tag in the automatic parameters stored in RAM in Step S3 are changed by one level and updated (Step S13). If the shutter key has been operated, still image photographic processing is performed with the parameters updated and stored in RAM in Step S13 (Step S23). |
| US08149307B2 |
Methods of fabricating integrated imager and microcontroller
A method and apparatus providing a CMOS imager with an integrated controller on a common integrated circuit substrate. Also integrated on the common substrate are, a serializer circuit including a dynamic arbiter under the control of the microcontroller core and a set of extended special function registers through which data is passed to allow the microcontroller to control the CMOS imager and the serializer circuit. |
| US08149302B2 |
Method of processing noise in image data, noise reduction unit, and imaging apparatus
A method of processing noise in image data by an image processor having a signal-processing portion converting an image signal from an image sensor into a digital signal and outputting the converted signal as image data for each frame, the image data indicating sets of pixel values each having a brightness at a corresponding one of coordinate points arranged in directions of rows and columns is disclosed. The method includes the steps of: extracting pixel values; deciding pixel value; finding autocorrelation coefficients of pixel values which are less than a first threshold value; and deciding random noise in the image. |
| US08149295B2 |
Digital camera with external storage medium detector
A digital camera comprises an imaging device; an internal memory; an attachment device that attaches a storage medium; a medium detector that detects whether the storage medium attached to the attachment device is a storage medium limiting overwrite; and a record control device that controls so as to store image data taken by the imaging device in the storage medium attached to the attachment device. When the medium detector detects that the storage medium attached to the attachment device is the storage medium limiting overwrite, the record control device controls so as to store data management information of the image data recorded in the storage medium limiting overwrite in the internal memory. |
| US08149294B2 |
Image capturing device which sets color conversion parameters based on an image sensor and separate light sensor
An imaging device 11, in which photoelectric conversion is performed by an imaging element 16 for acquiring an image of a subject formed by the photographing lens 12, comprising a light source estimation unit 31 for generating estimated light source information for estimating a light source of the subject, on the basis of an image signal acquired by the imaging device 16; an light source sensor 18 for detecting a spectrum of the light source; a light source sensor information calculation unit 32 for generating a light source sensor information including the spectrum based on the spectrum; a color conversion parameter calculation unit 33 for calculating the color conversion parameters of the image signal based on the estimated light source information and the light source sensor information; and, a color conversion processing unit 34 for performing color conversion of the image signal by using the color conversion parameters. This allows the imaging device to realize precise color reproduction with an improved accuracy. |
| US08149292B2 |
Automatic white balance using non-uniform averaging
The specification disclosed embodiments of an apparatus comprising an automatic white balance (AWB) circuit coupled to a pixel array to transform red, green, and blue color data obtained from each pixel into x and y chromaticity values for each pixel, determine a distance between the Planckian locus and the x and y chromaticity values for each pixel, determine a weight for each pixel based on the distance between its x and y chromaticity values and the Planckian locus, determine red, green, and blue adjustments for each pixel using its weight, and apply a white balance adjustment to the red, green and blue values obtained from each pixel. Other embodiments are also disclosed and claimed. |
| US08149290B2 |
Image processor, imaging apparatus including the same, and image processing method, with blurring processing of background image
An image processor performs blurring processing on an image acquired via a lens system and including a main subject image and a background image, and includes an image processing section having a reduction rate determiner part which determines a reduction rate of the background image based on at least one of a focal length of the lens system, a distance between the main subject image and the background image, level of the blurring processing, and an image size of the background image; an image reduction part which reduces the background image at the reduction rate determined by the reduction rate determiner part; a spatial filter processing part which performs spatial filter processing on the background image reduced by the image reduction part; and an image enlargement part which enlarges the background image processed by the spatial filter processing part at an enlargement rate as an inverse of the reduction rate. |
| US08149285B2 |
Video camera which executes a first process and a second process on image data
A data-processing circuit includes a distributor. Raw image data of horizontal 3840 pixels×vertical 2160 pixels that is periodically outputted from a CMOS-type imaging device is divided by the distributor into four blocks of partial image data. The divided four blocks of partial image data are subjected to a pre-process in parallel by first to fourth pre-processing blocks. On the other hand, raw image data of horizontal 1280 pixels×vertical 960 pixels that is periodically outputted from a CCD-type imaging device is serially subjected to a pre-process by a fifth pre-processing block. The number of pixels of the raw image data outputted from the CCD-type imaging device is equal to or less than ¼ the number of pixels of the raw image data outputted from the CMOS-type imaging device. A numerical value “4” is equivalent to the number of parallel pre-processes on the raw image data outputted from the CMOS imaging device. |
| US08149282B2 |
Hand shake correction apparatus and digital photographing apparatus including the same
A hand shake correction apparatus and a digital photographing apparatus including the hand shake correction apparatus are provided. The hand shake correction apparatus includes: a correction lens module including a correction lens and a correction lens supporting plate; a base movably supporting the supporting plate; first and second driving units moving the supporting plate; and third and fourth driving units moving the supporting plate. The first and second driving units are arranged such that a driving force action line applied to the supporting plate by the first and second driving units passes through a center of mass of the correction lens module. The third and fourth driving units are arranged such that a driving force action line applied to the supporting plate by the third and fourth driving units passes through a center of mass of the correction lens module. |
| US08149279B2 |
Apparatus and method for compensating for variations in digital cameras
A method of manufacturing a digital video camera is provided. The method comprises acquiring video images of colored light, and measuring a light intensity response of the video camera to the colored light. The method further comprises comparing the intensity of the measured response to a desired colored light intensity for determining a color intensity bias and storing the intensity bias for the colored light in the camera so that the bias can be applied when the camera is operating at an arbitrary lighting condition. |
| US08149277B2 |
Display control device, display system, and television set
A display control device includes: a signal supply unit that supplies an image signal to a display device; and a magnification change control unit that processes the image signal so as to change a magnification of a replay image according to a distance between a person who is observing the replay image upon the display device, and the replay image. |
| US08149275B2 |
Monitoring buoy system
A fixed-position buoy for observing and monitoring the surface of a predetermined area of water, including a flotation device; an imaging device operable for obtaining images of the surface of the predetermined area of water; memory for storing the images of the surface of the predetermined area of water; one or more communications devices operable for transmitting a signal representing the images of the surface of the predetermined area of water to a remote location; and a tether and a mooring attached to the flotation device, the tether and the mooring operable for securing the flotation device. |
| US08149266B2 |
Holographic reconstruction system having an enlarged visibility region
The invention relates to a holographic reconstruction system for the reconstruction of scenes having at least one video hologram modulated wave front, and an enlarged visibility region. The system utilizes two-dimensional coded light modulator cells of spatial light modulation means and optical focusing means, which realize a Fourier transformation of the modulated wave front in their focal plane. First optical deflection means deflect the parallel disposed partial light waves such that their Fourier transformations appear as cascading in the focal plane. A spatial frequency filter located on the focal plane, lets each of the same diffraction orders of all modulated partial light waves pass, and second optical deflection means arrange the wave front strips next to each other at the modulated wave front, which reconstructs the scene. |
| US08149265B2 |
Holographic video display system
A holographic video display comprises a monochromatic light source, a video signal generator, guided-wave acousto-optic modulators for diffracting light according to signals received from the video signal generator, a vertical scanning subsystem, and an optical path between the acousto-optic modulator and the vertical scanning subsystem. The optical path preferably comprises a Bravais lens system, first and second Fourier transform lens systems, and at least one holographic optical element or stationary mirror of continuous helical shape. In a method for generating a holographic image, monochromatic light is provided to at least one guided-wave acousto-optic modulator, the received light is diffracted according to a video signal, the guided-wave modulator aperture is scanned to produce a holo-line, the motion of the diffraction pattern is undone to render the holo-line stationary, the guided-wave modulator aperture is demagnified to create a wide field of view, and the holo-lines are tiled vertically to create the image. |
| US08149264B2 |
Video-communication in mobile networks
A video-communication service in which a separation in different components of the video-communication is caused at the telephone equipment of the users, e.g., a separation in a video and in a voice component. The different components are transmitted on different connections between the telephone equipment of the users. The users have the possibility of selectively dropping any one of the different connections. |
| US08149258B2 |
Image forming apparatus and control method
For suppressing density unevenness which is caused by changes in a main scanning line interval of a laser beam on the image bearing member due to a polygonal face tangle, laser luminance is controlled so as to maintain the density unevenness with a spatial frequency sensitive to human visibility substantially constant. |
| US08149253B2 |
Display, timing controller and data driver for transmitting serialized multi-level data signal
The present invention relates to a display, a timing controller and a data driver for transmitting a serialized multi-level data signal, and more particularly to a display, a timing controller and a data driver for transmitting a serialized multi-level data signal for reducing the number of wirings between the timing controller and the data driver, and for reducing an EMI component. The display of the present invention comprises a display panel, a scan driver, a timing controller and a plurality of data drivers, wherein the timing controller transmits a transmission signal including a serialized data signal to one of the plurality of the data drivers, wherein a level of the data signal is selected from at least four different levels according to a value of a data having a length of at least two bits, and wherein the data driver restores the data from the transmitted transmission signal. |
| US08149246B2 |
Digital document editing method, digital document editing program and digital document editing apparatus
The invention relates to an editing of a digital document containing an image, a text, a pattern and the like on pages constituting the digital document. In response to an operation for deleting an image positioned in a page, such image is not added to another page but is moved to and displayed in an evacuation area provided independently from the page area. In the evacuation area, such image is displayed together with a serial number of the page in which such image was present originally. Thus the page layout is not destructed in pages other than the page of image deletion, and the user can easily confirm later the image existed in such page. |
| US08149244B2 |
Projection system, information processing apparatus and projector
A projection system comprising an information processing apparatus capable of processing image data and a projector capable of performing a display process on the image data processed by the information processing apparatus, when the bit number representing the number of gradations of pixel data transmitted from the information processing apparatus to the projector is n-bit and the bit number representing the number of gradations which can be expressed by the projector is m-bit (m>n). The image processing apparatus outputs image data where m-bit pixel data is divided into k-pieces of pixel data of at most n-bits, and the projector synthesizes the k-pieces of pixel data based on a set synthesis rule to generate the m-bit pixel data in the pixel. |
| US08149243B1 |
3D graphics API extension for a packed float image format
A three dimensional (3D) graphics applications programming interface (API) extension provides support for specifying images in a packed float format. In the packed float format, floating point values of three color components are represented as N bits, where N is less than the total number of bits required for a standard half-precision or full precision format. For example, the blue, green, and red components may each be encoded to have a 5-bit exponent and a 5- or 6-bit mantissa with an implied leading 1. The packed float format is used to represent high dynamic range textures in a compact encoding to reduce the memory footprint needed to store the image data compared with other high dynamic range formats. |
| US08149240B2 |
Efficient symbolic differentiation using derivative graph factorization
An efficient symbolic differentiation method and system that automatically computes one or more derivatives of a function using a computing device. A derivative graph is used to graphically represent the derivative of a function. Repeated factorization of the derivative graph yields a factored derivative graph. The derivative is computed by summing the products along all product paths in the factored derivative graph. The efficient symbolic differentiation method and system operates on both single input/single output and multiple input/multiple output functions. For a single input/single output function, the order of the factoring does not matter. However, for a multiple input/multiple output function, the factoring order is such that the factor subgraph appearing most frequently in the derivative graph is factored first. The method and system also use a product pairs priority queue to avoid the re-computing of sub-strings that are common between product paths. |
| US08149239B2 |
Image processing apparatus, image processing method, and storage medium storing a program for causing an image processing apparatus to execute an image processing method
In an image processing apparatus, when an output image generator generates an output image in which an individual image of each part of a product model is arranged around a parts assembly image of the entire product model with a specific part highlighted, a boundary information calculator calculates boundary information for each part highlighted. An individual image arrangement calculator obtains a center position of the highlighted part on the parts assembly image based on the boundary information, obtains a straight line dividing the parts assembly image to equally distribute the parts into respective areas, and calculates a position of arrangement of the individual image of each part corresponding to the highlighted part distributed in each of the areas. The output image generated by the output image generator includes a leading line extending from the individual image of each part to the corresponding part on the parts assembly image. |
| US08149233B2 |
Controller for generating video signal, simulation system comprising the same, and method of generating video signal
A system and method is provided for generating a video signal including a signal generator to generate the video signal, a user setting part to allow a user to set information for generating the video signal, and a controller to control the signal generator to generate the video signal on the basis of the information when the information is set through the user setting part. Thus, the system provides a controller for generating a video signal, a simulation system comprising the same, and a method of generating the video signal, in which a desired new video signal is generated or adjusted on the basis of information for generating the video signal input by a user. |
| US08149231B2 |
Apparatus for supplying power source
The present invention relates to an apparatus for supplying power source for providing certain voltage to a first display device and a second display device. The apparatus for supplying power source includes a boosting circuit, a boosted voltage detecting circuit and an output selecting circuit. The boosting circuit boosts a battery voltage. The boosted voltage detecting circuit detects the boosted battery voltage, and transmits the detection result to the boosting circuit. The output selecting circuit is coupled to the boosting circuit and the boosted voltage detecting circuit, and provides selectively the boosted battery voltage to a first display device and a second display device. The apparatus provides certain voltage to a first display device and/or a second display device, and thus the size of a dual panel apparatus employing the display devices may be reduced. |
| US08149229B2 |
Image apparatus for processing 3D images and method of controlling the same
An image apparatus for processing 3D images and a method for controlling thereof are provided. The apparatus includes: a display unit onto which data is scanned; and a display driver which makes left frame image data and right frame image data be alternately scanned onto the display unit and makes removal data for removing the left frame image data or the right frame image data be scanned onto the display unit between the left image frame data and the right image frame data. Therefore, while an image is being scanned, a residual image of the previous frame image is not displayed. |
| US08149227B2 |
Removing click and friction noise in a writing device
Systems for removing or attenuating friction and/or click noise generated during writing with a smart pen are disclosed. In a smart pen, the writing cartridge is biased towards a first side of the smart pen internal cavity by a low-force biasing system without affecting writing cartridge movement. For example, the writing cartridge is comprised of a magnetic material and a magnet is embedded into the first side of the smart pen internal cavity to bias the writing cartridge towards the first side. Alternatively, the material comprising the writing cartridge or smart pen internal cavity is modified, reducing friction between the components. As another alternative, a DSP method identifies analyzes one or more parameters of received audio data to differentiate click noise from audio data, and may receive data from a movement sensor indicating when the writing cartridge has moved to reduce power consumption for identifying click noise. |
| US08149223B2 |
Touch panel with stacking assembly
A touch panel with a stacking assembly comprises: a glass substrate; an upper surface of the glass substrate being covered by a lower conductive film and a plurality of projective spacers arranged around the lower conductive film; a lower adhesive frame being arranged at an outer periphery of the upper surface of the glass substrate; a lower surface of the transparent film being formed with an upper conductive film and a plurality of metal conductive circuits connected to the upper conductive film; an outer periphery of the lower surface of the transparent film being installed with a lower adhesive frame; at an inner side of the lower adhesive frame being formed with adhesive textures; the upper adhesive frame being also formed with adhesive textures which are embedded into the recesses between the adhesive textures of the lower adhesive frame so that the transparent film is engaged with the glass substrate. |
| US08149213B2 |
Mouse pointer function execution apparatus and method in portable terminal equipped with camera
An apparatus and a method for executing a mouse pointer function in a portable terminal equipped with a camera are disclosed. The method includes: capturing an external image signal by a camera module; sampling the external image signal and converting a sampled image signal into image data; mapping a group of pixels of the image data generated by the sampling to a group of pixels of an image sensor for each unit pixel on a one-to-one basis; detecting coordinate values of image data including a point light source in the group of the mapped pixels; determining if a point light source is actually included in the detected coordinate values of the image data; and displaying the detected coordinate values of the image data determined to include the point light source on a screen. |
| US08149211B2 |
Deformable sensor system
A deformable sensor system that can be used for pressure-distribution sensors. The deformable sensor system makes it possible to obtain a pressure distribution with a much higher accuracy, while reducing the number of electrodes. The system utilizes a deformable sensor which can detect deformation as the electric resistivity of the surface increases monotonically as an elastic deformation variation in each of the elastic deformations increases. Based on a voltage being detected by means of a detecting unit, the deformable sensor electric-resistivity variation computing unit computes the variation of the electric resistivity based on the method of least squares with a restriction condition imposed thereon. The system uses such a technology as “EIT” that is based on an inverse-problem theory. At an external-force position computing unit, a position in a pressure-receiving surface, position which receives an external force, is computed based on the computed electric-resistivity variation. |
| US08149210B2 |
Pointing device and method
A system and method for identifying a pointing organ or a pointing device in a field of imaging of a 3-D imaging system and for calculating a line of pointing relative to this organ or device are disclosed. The method and system may be used to enable a user to communicate with computer programs, such as computer games, 3-D design programs and the like. The method and system may further employ a trigger-like mechanism to identify a movement of a user that may be interpreted as trigger activation. |
| US08149205B2 |
Circuit and method for driving an LCD panel capable of reducing water-like waveform noise
A circuit for driving an LCD panel and a method thereof is provided. The circuit utilizes a timing controller to receive a plurality of low-voltage differential signals (LVDS) provided by an image inverter, wherein the LVDS have a horizontal synchronize signal. The timing controller, based on the horizontal synchronize signal, undergoes a modulation and transmits a plurality of lamp operation controlling signals to an inverter controlling IC, wherein the frequencies of the lamp operation controlling signals are different from one another, thereby changing the frequency of the lamp operation of the inverter controlling IC used in the LCD panel. |
| US08149204B2 |
Gate driver with error blocking mechanism, method of operating the same, and display device having the same
A liquid crystal display (LCD) includes a plurality of gate line drivers that are to be sequentially activated during a display frame in response to an input vertical synchronization start signal having a predefined waveform. However, during shift of display mode it is possible that the vertical synchronization start signal will be asserted more then once in a frame and cause a problem. The LCD includes an error detecting and blocking unit which detects when the vertical synchronization start signal is asserted more then once in a frame and blocks the second assertion from being passed forward during the one frame so as to erroneously reactivate the plurality of gate line drivers a second time during the same frame. |
| US08149202B2 |
Flat display and method for modulating a clock signal for driving the same
A flat display and a method for modulating a clock signal for driving a flat display are provided. The flat display includes a clock generator and a clock modulator. The clock generator provides a clock signal that includes at least a first cycle waveform and a second cycle waveform following said first cycle waveform. The first cycle waveform is modulated by the clock modulator as a first modulated cycle waveform divided by a first positive modulated cycle waveform and a first negative modulated cycle waveform, and the second cycle waveform is modulated as a second modulated cycle waveform divided by a second positive modulated cycle waveform and a second negative modulated cycle waveform. The first positive modulated cycle waveform and the first negative modulated cycle waveform have a first duration difference, and the second positive modulated cycle waveform and the second negative modulated cycle waveform have a second duration difference different from the first duration difference. |
| US08149201B2 |
Liquid crystal display (LCD) driving apparatus and method
An LCD driving apparatus and an LCD driving method are provided in the application. The LCD driving apparatus includes a difference value circuit which determines whether to enable an overdriving circuit and a memory controller according to a gray level variation between two adjacent frames. When the gray level variation between two adjacent frames is less than a predetermined threshold, the overdriving circuit and the memory controller are disabled so as to reduce power consumption. |
| US08149200B2 |
Overdrive compensation/update including gray to voltage conversion and adaptable to a dynamic gamma generator
An overdrive system adaptable for a dynamic gamma generator is disclosed. A current gray-to-voltage converter (G/V) converts image data of a current frame from gray code to voltage level, and a previous gray-to-voltage converter (G/V) converts image data of a previous frame from gray code to voltage level. The voltage level of current frame and the voltage level of previous frame are inputted to an overdrive-voltage lookup table to retrieve an overdrive voltage level. Afterwards, a voltage-to-gray converter (V/G) converts the retrieved overdrive voltage level from voltage level back to gray code, resulting in an overdrive gray code. Accordingly, the overdrive gray code is compensated. Alternatively, the overdrive gray code is used to update an overdrive-gray-code lookup table, an output gray code of which is fed to the source driver. |
| US08149193B2 |
Image input detection apparatus and storing medium
An image input detection apparatus comprises: a voltage applier that applies a voltage of a predetermined waveform to a display medium; a first acquisition unit that acquires a vibration waveform generated in the display medium; a first memory that stores a vibration waveform determined based on the waveform of the voltage applied by the voltage applier; and a second memory that stores information representing that an image written on the display medium has been overwritten, when the difference between the waveform acquired by the first acquisition unit and the waveform stored in the first memory lies within a threshold value. |
| US08149188B2 |
EL display device
A power source line 1 and a scanning line 3 are arranged on different wiring layers so as to be orthogonal to each other. In the wiring layer on which the scanning line 3 is arranged, a bypass line 111 is arranged on at least a part of a portion obtained by removing a planar position of the scanning line 3 from a planar position of the power source line 1. Contacts 121 and 122 establish electric connection between the power source line 1 and the bypass line 111. As described above, the bypass line 111 is connected to the power source line 1 in parallel, leading to decrease in resistance of the power source line 1 and suppression of unevenness in brightness at a display screen. Moreover, an additional manufacturing step for providing the bypass line 111 is unnecessary. Further, an aperture ratio is not reduced even when the bypass line 111 is provided. When the bypass line 111 is made wider than the power source line 1, a pixel circuit can be prevented from operating erroneously due to external light. |
| US08149184B2 |
Plasma display device
The initial color temperature setting can change when a plasma display panel (PDP) is driven for a long period of time. One cause is due to the non-uniform deterioration of red, green, and blue fluorescent materials due to the ultraviolet rays discharged during operation of the panel. Color temperature correction is performed by setting the numbers of discharge pulses for fluorescent materials in accordance with a discharge pulse number correction curve with respect to the cumulative elapsed driven time of the PDP. |
| US08149181B2 |
Dielectric resonator for negative refractivity medium
A dielectric resonator for a negative refractivity medium, which is coupled to a plurality of substrates, comprises at least one crystal unit, at least one first crystal cube and at least one second crystal cube. The crystal units are arrayed on the substrate. On an identical substrate, each crystal unit has a first spacing with respect to one adjacent crystal unit and a second spacing with respect to another adjacent crystal unit. The first spacing is vertical to the second spacing. Each crystal unit has one first crystal cube and one second crystal cube. A third spacing exists between the first and second crystal cubes. The first and second crystal cubes have a permittivity greater than 20. The present invention adopts the negative refractivity medium to achieve lower dielectric loss. Further, the present invention features isotropy and has low fabrication cost and high industrial utility. |
| US08149180B2 |
Antenna with resonator having a filtering coating and system including such antenna
The invention relates to an antenna for transmitting or receiving electromagnetic waves at a working frequency fT, that comprises a resonator with a filtering (49) coating that covers the major portion of the upper face of a reflector (22) located inside a cavity (36), the coating (40) being capable of removing all the electromagnetic waves having a frequency fT, and propagating in a direction parallel to the upper face of the reflector, without removing all the electromagnetic waves having a frequency fT and propagating in a direction perpendicular to the upper face of the reflector. |
| US08149179B2 |
Low loss variable phase reflect array using dual resonance phase-shifting element
There is disclosed a reflect array including a dielectric substrate having a first surface and a second surface. The first surface may support an array of phase-shifting elements. The second surface may support a conductive layer. At least some of the phase-shifting elements may be dual resonance phase-shifting elements. |
| US08149171B2 |
Miniature antenna having a volumetric structure
A miniature antenna includes a radiating arm that defines a grid dimension curve. In one embodiment, the radiating arm includes a planar portion and at least one extruded portion. The planar portion of the radiating arm defines the grid dimension curve. The extruded portion of the radiating arm extends from the planar portion of the radiating arm to define a three-dimensional structure. In one embodiment, the miniature antenna includes a first radiating arm that defines a first grid dimension curve within a first plane and a second radiating arm that defines a second grid dimension curve within a second plane. In one embodiment, the miniature antenna includes a radiating arm that forms a non-planar structure. |
| US08149170B2 |
Carbon nanotube based variable frequency patch-antenna
A carbon nano-tube based variable frequency patch antennas which utilizes a dense network of semiconducting carbon nanotubes as the antenna patch is provided. In preferred embodiments, the resonant frequency of the antenna can be tuned electrically by adjusting appropriate sections of its back-gate, thus altering the effective size of the patch antenna and radiation beam direction can be formed and stirred. In one embodiment, a patch antenna comprises a dense network or thick layer of semiconducting carbon nanotubes grown or deposited on an oxide layer to form a carbon nanotube patch and a partitioned backgate is positioned below the oxide layer with a ground-plane formed from a thin layer of metal. In other embodiments, a patch antenna includes an array of carbon nanotube patches and the ground-plane doubles as the backgate. |
| US08149169B1 |
Extensible object location system and method using multiple references
An ultra wideband (UWB) or short-pulse RF system is disclosed that can be used to precisely locate or track objects (such as personnel, equipment, assets, etc.) in real-time in an arbitrarily large, physically connected or disconnected, multipath and/or noisy environment. A system implementation includes multiple zones or groups of receivers that receives RF signals transmitted by one or more timing reference tags and one or more objects having associated object tags. Each zone or group may share a common receiver. By combining a multiple reference tag system with a virtual group of receivers, i.e., a zoning technique or system, a cost-effective system can be provided that offers scalability and flexibility to monitor a significantly expanded coverage area. |
| US08149167B2 |
System and method for removing channel phase error in a phase comparison direction finder
System and method for removing channel phase error in a phase comparison direction finder. By using this system, the phase error, generated in the channel path in finding the direction by using the phase comparison direction finder, can be injected into the receiving channel and removed by using the frequency and intensity of the signal stored in the PDW table. Furthermore, the direction finding correction look-up table can be made using only radiation correction of the antenna unit of the direction finder and channel correction can be carried out without calibrating the direction finder for the direction finding correction look-up table when devices are replaced in the channel of receiving path of the direction finder. |
| US08149156B1 |
System and method for estimating location of projectile source or shooter location
A system for estimating a location of the source of a projectile includes a radar system for transmitting a wave and detecting and providing an indication of a wave reflection from the projectile, an acoustic detection system for detecting and providing an indication of at least one sound associated with the projectile, and circuitry for estimating the location in response to the indication of a wave reflection and the indication of at least one sound. |
| US08149151B2 |
Second order dynamic element rotation scheme
A sensor system for generating sample analog signals for processing by a signal processing circuit that utilizes non-constant weights includes a plurality of signal generating elements and a switching network having a plurality of switches operably coupled to the plurality of signal generating elements. The switching network is configured to switch the plurality of signal generating elements between a plurality of different configurations. The system includes a dynamic element matching (DEM) control system for controlling the switch network to implement a second order DEM rotation scheme in which the plurality of signal generating elements are switched to each configuration in the plurality of configurations in a first sequence and then switched to each configuration in the plurality in a second sequence, the second sequence being the reverse of the first sequence. |
| US08149150B2 |
Cyclic analog/digital converter
A cyclic A/D converter 21 provides an amplification type noise cancellation process and cyclic A/D conversion in which a plurality of capacitors and an operational amplifier are shared without complicated processing. In the cyclic A/D converter 21, a gain stage 23 uses first to third capacitors 33, 35 and 37 and an operational amplifier circuit 39 to perform the process for noise cancellation and amplification to generate a difference signal between first and second signal levels. In the process for noise cancellation, the difference between the first signal level VR and the second signal level VS is generated. The amplification of this difference is carried out in conjunction with the process for noise cancellation. The gain stage 23 uses the first to third capacitors 33, 35 and 37 and the operational amplifier circuit 39 to perform the process for cyclic A/D conversion of the difference signal. A sub A/D converter circuit 25 receives a signal VOP from an output (e.g., a non-inverting output) 39a of the operational amplifier circuit 39. |
| US08149147B2 |
Detecting and reordering fixed-length records to facilitate compression
Disclosed herein are one or more embodiments that facilitate compression of a source file having a fixed-length record therein. One or more of the disclosed embodiments detect the fixed-length records and determine a reordering plan for the source file, including determining a plurality of column groupings within the detected fixed-length records. |
| US08149143B2 |
Data encryption and decryption with a key by an N-state inverter modified switching function
Methods and apparatus for implementing an n-state ripple-adder scheme coder with n≧2 using an n-state reversible switching function and a non-reversible n-state switching function acting upon a first and a second word of at least 2 n-state symbols are disclosed. Corresponding decoding methods and apparatus are also disclosed. A resulting codeword may be a codeword which can be decoded by using the identical or different n-state switching functions in a corresponding ripple adder scheme decoder. Feistel networks and LFSRs apply the coding and decoding. Systems using the coding and decoding methods may be communication, storage and/or financial systems. |
| US08149141B2 |
Method for updating audio communication frequencies between aircraft and ATC stations on the ground
The present invention relates to a method for automatically preparing an update of audio communication frequencies between aircraft and ATC stations on the ground, a method making it possible to reduce the communication time associated with the necessary frequency changes between control sectors, therefore limiting the frequency space requirement, and reducing the workload due to the manipulations and control of these frequency changes, both for the air traffic controllers and for the aircraft crews, and wherein the flight plan or the current trajectory followed by the aircraft is dynamically coupled with the geometry information of the control sectors overflown by the aircraft and that, thereby knowing the intersection points of the flight plan with the sector limits, the frequency changes and sector name are prepared before each change of sector, while warning the pilot of their imminence. |
| US08149137B2 |
Speed limit announcing device, method for announcing speed limit, and computer program product for the same
A speed limit announcing device for a vehicle includes: an information obtaining element for obtaining information of a speed limit of a following road, wherein the vehicle is supposed to pass through an intersection and to run on the following road after the intersection; and an announce element for announcing the information of the speed limit of the following road when the vehicle runs on a current road before the intersection. |
| US08149136B2 |
Remotely configurable vehicular sign
A configurable sign includes a mounting mechanism that connects the configurable sign to a vehicle, a display, a memory to store a plurality of instructions, and a processor to execute instructions in the memory. The processor executes instructions in the memory to receive configured sign information from one of a user device or a server, configure one of text, graphics, video, or audio, associated with the display, based on the configured sign information, and display, via the display, the configured text, graphics, video, or audio. |
| US08149131B2 |
Interface for medical infusion pump
An apparatus and method for indicating a change in operation of a medical infusion pump includes a memory configured to store an original pump parameter and a current pump parameter. The apparatus further includes a programmable circuit in electrical communication with the memory, the programmable circuit programmed to display the original pump parameter and the current pump parameter. |
| US08149127B2 |
Coaxial cable connector with an internal coupler and method of use thereof
A coaxial cable connector is provided, the connector includes: a connector body; a coupling circuit positioned within the connector body and configured to sense an electrical signal flowing through the connector; and an electrical parameter sensing circuit positioned within the connector body and configured to sense a parameter of the electrical signal flowing through the RF port. |
| US08149126B2 |
Lift monitoring system and method
Systems and methods are discussed for providing a sensor enhanced employee safety evaluation system. Systems that monitor and assess employee lifting behavior are employed at the workplace of an insured entity. Data from the lift monitoring systems are processed to obtain a safety evaluation. Based on the safety evaluation, the insurance provider can adjust the terms of the insurance policy to accurately reflect the risks associated with the insured entity. Feedback based on the safety evaluation is also provided to the insured entity and the employees of the insured entity to promote improvements in safe behavior. |
| US08149124B2 |
Personal security and tracking system
A signaling system is provided for rendering an alarm for an individual in distress combined with a locating and tracking system to thus alert and direct appropriate personnel to the needs of the individual in distress and to monitor the location of that individual. The system comprises a portable signaling unit, a remote alarm switch device, a central dispatch station, and makes use of a wireless communication system. The portable signaling unit and the remote alarm switch may be adapted to be worn at different locations on the person's body. The remote alarm switch way be concealed in the form of a wristband or in the form of any other object such as a broach, pendant, or keychain. |
| US08149121B2 |
Wireless identification tag
The present invention is aimed at providing a wireless identification tag which can save information with high reliability that is free from the possibility of being lost or falsified, is not broken or melt in the concrete, can expand directionality of an antenna, be distributed in a cement product to be in an appropriate condition for radio communication, and has good adhesion and affinity with cement or the like. A wireless identification tag 1 mixed in a cement product in the manufacturing procedure thereof in which cement, an aggregate, water, or the like are mixed including a protection body 2 incorporating the wireless identification tag 1 having an antenna portion which can write/read information by radio communication, wherein a concave portion 3 is provided on the surface of the protection body. |
| US08149119B2 |
Utility meter tamper monitoring system and method
A method includes activating a tamper monitoring circuit of a security seal configured to securely lock a utility meter. The method also includes wirelessly transmitting an identification data and/or an integrity information associated with the security seal and/or the utility meter to the external transceiver upon activating the tamper monitoring circuit or being queried by the external transceiver through a transceiver of the tamper monitoring circuit. The transceiver of the tamper monitoring circuit and the external transceiver are configured to securely communicate with each other through a secure protocol. Further, the method includes detecting a tamper condition associated with tampering of the security seal through the tamper monitoring circuit, and wirelessly transmitting data associated with the tamper condition to the external transceiver. |
| US08149117B2 |
Analyte monitoring system and methods
Methods and systems for providing data communication in medical systems are disclosed. |
| US08149116B2 |
Portable radiographic image conversion device, warning device and computer-readable recording medium
A determination unit of a portable radiographic image conversion device determines, when image information has been generated by an electronic circuit, whether or not a state of connection between a connection terminal and a communication cable is abnormal. Then, when it has been determined by the determination unit that the state of connection is not abnormal, a control unit causes the image information that has been generated to be transmitted by a communication unit, and, when it has been determined by the determination unit that the state of connection is abnormal, the control unit causes the image information that has been generated to be stored in a memory. |
| US08149112B2 |
Multi-hazard alarm system using selectable power-level transmission and localization
A personal alarm system includes a monitoring base station and one or more remote sensing units in two-way radio communication. An electronic handshake between the base station and each remote unit is used to assure system reliability. The remote units transmit at selectable power levels. In the absence of an emergency, a remote unit transmits at a power-conserving low power level. Received field strength is measured to determine whether a remote unit has moved beyond a predetermined distance from the base station. If the distance is exceeded, the remote unit transmits at a higher power level. The remote unit includes sensors for common hazards including water emersion, smoke, excessive heat, excessive carbon monoxide concentration, and electrical shock. The base station periodically polls the remote units and displays the status of the environmental sensors. The system is useful in child monitoring, for use with invalids, and with employees involved in activities which expose them to environmental risk. Alternative embodiments include a panic button on the remote unit for summoning help, and an audible beacon on the remote unit which can be activated from the base station and useful for locating strayed children. In another embodiment, the remote unit includes a Global Positioning System receiver providing location information for display by the base station. |
| US08149107B2 |
System and method for person or object position location utilizing impulse radio
A System and Method for Person or Object Position Location Utilizing Impulse Radio, comprising a plurality of reference impulse radios; an object or person to be tracked having a mobile impulse radio associated therewith; an architecture with an associated positioning algorithm associated with said plurality of impulse radio reference radios and said mobile impulse radio; and display means for displaying the position of the person or object whose position is to be determined. |
| US08149106B2 |
Apparatus and method for data communication over power lines
A method and apparatus for transferring communication data over power lines, the power lines comprising multiple phase transmission lines and a neutral line. The method includes inserting the communication data between multiple lines, typically between the different phase lines and the neutral, and combining the communication data from any one of the lines, and transmitting the combined signal to multiple lines in a receiving premises. In this way the signal can be picked up from any power socket at the receiving premises irrespective of what line or phase it may be attached to. |
| US08149103B2 |
Method and apparatus for providing dynamic multi-stage amplification in a medical device
Methods and apparatus for providing multi-stage signal amplification in a medical telemetry system are provided. |
| US08149101B2 |
Display device with anti-crime security function
A control unit of a display device controls the display device in a normal mode of operation to operate in a normal state. The control unit controls the display device to enter into an anti-crime security mode of operation, when a state representing that the external information processing device may not be currently used is determined. The control unit cancels the anti-crime security mode of operation, when the information indicative of an authorized user for confirmation has been entered through the operation buttons by a user in the anti-crime security mode of operation. The control unit controls the display device to operate in an alarm mode of operation, when information indicative of the authorized user for confirmation has not been entered by a user in the anti-crime security mode of operation. The control unit performs an alarm operation in the alarm mode of operation. |
| US08149097B2 |
Horn device having a power supply and an electrical control circuit
An electro-mechanical horn is configured with a body, a sound-generating unit mounted in the body, and a plurality of power source receiving regions for storing at least one removably mounted power source in a storage manner while containing a second power source in an operative manner thereby limiting discontinuity of the operation of the sound-generating unit. |
| US08149095B2 |
Gateway device allowing home network appliances to be introduced and controlled over a network and a control method therefor
A gateway device includes a base processor which converts a signal input from an IP network to a signal which can be handled by the gateway device, and a home appliance control processor having a controller which converts the signal which can be handled by the gateway device to a control signal in compliance with the communications protocol of a home appliance to be controlled. The controller stores, on a table, information about the communications protocol, driver, controllable setting condition and status of respective appliances to be controlled in association with each other. The controller also includes a conversion functional block which converts information supplied to the control information of the communications protocol of the respective appliances to be controlled on the basis of the stored information. |
| US08149087B2 |
Hands-free device for locking/unlocking doors/windows of a vehicle
A device for hands-free locking/unlocking of doors/windows of a vehicle implements at least two modes of operation: an approach-detection mode D and a tracking mode P. At least two antennas 14a, 14b are respectively coupled to amplifiers 12a, 12b that are active in tracking mode P. In approach-detection mode D the antennas are decoupled from the amplifiers used in mode P and coupled to an additional amplifier 12c that is active in mode D. Preferably, elements are provided to reduce the consumption of the amplifiers when the device is in a mode of operation where they are inactive. |
| US08149082B2 |
Resistor device
The resistor device is provided with a resistive plate (11) of metal plate material, which is used as a resistance body; a radiative plate (15) of metal plate material, which is spaced from the resistive plate and intercrossed on the resistive plate; a molded resin body (19), which encloses an intercrossing portion of the resistive plate and the radiative plate; terminal portions of the resistive plate (11a), which comprises so that both ends of the resistive plate extending from the molded resin body are bent along an end face and a bottom face of the molded resin body; and terminal portions of the radiative plate (15a), which comprises so that both ends of the radiative plate extending from the molded resin body are bent along an end face and a bottom face of the molded resin body. Accordingly, the surface-mountable resin-sealed metal plate resistor device is enabled to increase the power capacity drastically and to improve the reliability without changing most of the size. |
| US08149081B2 |
Power-measured pulses for thermal trimming
A method for post-thermal-trimming annealing a thermally-trimmable resistor thermally-isolated on a substrate, the method comprising: trimming said thermally-trimmable resistor by applying a first power-measured signal to a heating resistor; and applying a second power-measured signal corresponding to a desired average annealing temperature to said heating resistor, wherein said second power-measured signal has a lower power level than said first power-measured signal. |
| US08149079B2 |
Magnetically levitated mount
A levitating mount apparatus is provided which utilizes a permanent magnetic male and female levitation support as described in U.S. Pat. No. 7,501,922. The mount has two general forms. In one general class, the mount is attached to an axle aligned with the axis of symmetry of the female part of the permanent magnetic male and female levitation support. In the second class, the female part of the permanent magnetic male and female levitations support is attached to the bottom of the mount, and no axle is utilized. The mount is stabilized using a stationary support structure which has limited contact with the levitating portion of the apparatus at the top of the mount. |
| US08149075B2 |
Plastic cradle
The present invention relates generally to a plastic cradle. More particularly, the invention encompasses a plastic cradle utilized inside a molded circuit breaker (MCB). The present invention is also directed to a novel nonconductive nonmagnetic cradle that engages a contact arm between a first terminal conductor and a second terminal conductor inside a molded circuit breaker (MCB) in an ON state, and disengages same in an OFF or Neutral state. |
| US08149068B2 |
Temperature controlled crystal oscillator
A temperature controlled oscillator is provided with a circuit substrate having a crystal resonator, an oscillating circuit, and a temperature control circuit, arranged on one or both principal surfaces, and a container main body that accommodates the circuit substrate and has mount terminals on an outer bottom surface thereof. The temperature control circuit includes at least a first temperature sensor that detects an operating temperature of the crystal resonator, a second temperature sensor that detects a surrounding temperature of the container main body, and a heating resistor that applies heat to the crystal resonator, and lead wires extend from the circuit substrate and are connected electrically to the mount terminals. An insulation groove that passes through the circuit substrate in a thickness direction is formed between: a first lead wire closest to the second temperature sensor, and the second temperature sensor; and the heating resistor. |
| US08149067B2 |
Voltage-controlled oscillator
A voltage-controlled oscillator that can achieve low phase noise while ensuring stable oscillation startup and stable oscillation maintenance even under low supply voltage conditions. The voltage-controlled oscillator includes an LC parallel resonant circuit, whose impedance varies with a control input voltage and a negative resistance circuit for introducing negative resistance into the LC parallel resonant circuit, wherein the negative resistance circuit includes at least: a first amplifier circuit, provided in parallel with the LC parallel resonant circuit and having a first pair of transistors cross-coupled via a capacitor, that achieves class-C amplifier operation by biasing the gate of each transistor in the first transistor pair with a first bias voltage; and a similarly configured second amplifier circuit that achieves class-C amplifier operation by biasing the gate of each transistor with a second bias voltage which is different from the first bias voltage. |
| US08149063B2 |
Current-restriction circuit and driving method therefor
A current-restriction circuit includes an input terminal to which an input voltage is input, an output terminal from which an output voltage is output, a driver transistor connected to the input terminal as well as the output terminal, a sense transistor connected to the output terminal as well as the input terminal via a sense resistor, a first operational amplifier circuit, and a bias-voltage change circuit. Control terminals of the driver transistor and the sense transistor are connected together and connected to an output terminal of the first operational amplifier circuit. The first operational amplifier circuit receives both a bias voltage with reference to an electrical potential at the input terminal and a decrease in a voltage at the sense resistor. The bias-voltage change circuit keeps the bias voltage below a predetermined bias voltage according to a voltage difference between the input voltage and the output voltage. |
| US08149062B2 |
Power amplifier circuitry having inductive networks
A method and apparatus is provided for use in power amplifiers for reducing the peak voltage that transistors are subjected to. A power amplifier is provided with first and second switching devices and an inductor connected between the switching devices. The switching devices are driven such that the switching devices are turned on and off during the same time intervals. Differential RF power amplifiers are also provided with inductive networks coupled at various nodes of the power amplifiers. |
| US08149059B2 |
Method and apparatus for compensating for gain changes in an amplifier circuit
In a method and apparatus for compensating for gain changes in an amplifier circuit comprising radio-frequency modules and attenuation elements, a radio-frequency module is driven with a first temperature-dependent monitoring voltage UHF(T), and an attenuation element with a second temperature-dependent monitoring voltage UVG(T). The first temperature-dependent monitoring voltage UHF(T) is produced by applying a temperature dependency to an individual monitoring voltage Uopt, which is predetermined for a predetermined temperature for a radio-frequency module, in order to set the optimum operating point of the radio-frequency module. The second temperature-dependent monitoring voltage UVG(T) is produced by applying a temperature dependency to a predetermined monitoring voltage UVG—T for the attenuation element. The monitoring voltage UVG—T is determined in an iteration method, such that the output power of the amplifier circuit reaches a predeterminable level at a constant input power. Memory devices are provided for storing values for producing monitoring voltages for the radio-frequency modules and attenuation elements. |
| US08149051B2 |
Solid-state image sensor
A solid-state image sensor capable of suppressing color mixture while suppressing increase of load capacitances of transfer gates and a short circuit between two adjacent transfer gates is provided. This solid-state image sensor comprises a plurality of transfer gates and a shielding material line blocking light incident from above a prescribed pixel upon another pixel adjacent to the prescribed pixel. The shielding material line has a downward projecting portion on a region corresponding to at least one transfer gate entering an ON-state in photoreception. |
| US08149050B2 |
Cascaded amplifiers with transformer-based bypass mode
Cascaded amplifiers with a transformer-based bypass mode are described. In an exemplary design, an apparatus includes first and second amplifiers and a circuit. The first amplifier (e.g., a driver amplifier) provides amplification in a high gain mode and a bypass mode. The second amplifier (e.g., a power amplifier) provides amplification in the high gain mode. The circuit is coupled between the first and second amplifiers and includes a transformer having (i) a primary coil coupled to the first amplifier and (ii) a secondary coil that provides an output signal in the bypass mode. The primary coil may be a load inductor for the first amplifier. The circuit may further include a series combination of a capacitor and a switch coupled in parallel with the primary coil, a switch coupled in series with the secondary coil, and/or a capacitor coupled in parallel with the secondary coil. |
| US08149043B2 |
Semiconductor device and electronic apparatus using the same
The transistor suffers the variation caused in threshold voltage or mobility due to gathering of the factors of the variation in gate insulator film resulting from a difference in manufacture process or substrate used and of the variation in channel-region crystal state. The present invention provides an electric circuit having an arrangement such that both electrodes of a capacitance element can hold a gate-to-source voltage of a particular transistor. The invention provides an electric circuit having a function capable of setting a potential difference at between the both electrodes of the capacitance element by the use of a constant-current source. |
| US08149041B2 |
High-resolution parametric signal restoration
Provided are high-resolution parametric signal restoration systems, and applications thereof. Such systems include a multi-output module and a parametric compensator. The multi-output module provides a reference gain output signal and one or more higher gain output signals based on a single input signal. The parametric compensator independently responds to functional parameters of the one or more higher gain output signals to provide a compensation error signal. The single input signal is modified based on the compensation error signal. |
| US08149036B2 |
Semiconductor device
A semiconductor device includes a phase division unit, a clock delay unit, a duty cycle correction clock generation unit, and a duty cycle correction voltage generation unit. The phase division unit is configured to divide a phase of a source clock to generate a first division clock. The clock delay unit is configured to delay the first division clock by a delay amount corresponding to a voltage level of a duty cycle correction voltage to output a second division clock. The duty cycle correction clock generation unit is configured to generate a duty cycle correction clock whose logic level changes at respective edges of the first division clock and the second division clock. The duty cycle correction voltage generation unit is configured to generate the duty cycle correction voltage whose voltage level changes depending on a duty cycle of the duty cycle correction clock. |
| US08149035B2 |
Multi-output PLL output shift
Controlling a PLL includes providing a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) and coupling an output of the VCO to a shifter circuit. The shifter circuit has a shifter circuit output, the shifter circuit also including an activation input for receiving an activation signal, the shifter circuit causing at least one pulse of the output signal to be suppressed at the shifter output upon receipt of the activation signal. Controlling also includes coupling the shifter circuit output to a first frequency divider. |
| US08149033B2 |
Phase control device, phase-control printed board, and control method
A DLL circuit includes a delay line that adds, when receiving a reference signal, a delay amount to the phase of the reference signal by using each delay element and outputs a delay signal for each delay element. The DLL circuit includes a phase detector that compares the phase of a delay signal delayed by all the delay elements and the phase of the reference signal to obtain a phase difference by using the delay signal adjusted by a phase adjustment circuit and the reference signal. The DLL circuit includes a delay element control circuit that inputs a value, by which the delay signal to be compared by the phase detector is synchronized with the reference signal to be compared by the phase detector and which is a control voltage value generated from the phase difference output from the phase detector, into the delay elements of the delay line. |
| US08149032B2 |
Circuit for clamping current in a charge pump
A circuit for clamping current in a charge pump is disclosed. The charge pump includes switching circuitry having a number of switching circuitry transistors. Each of first and second pairs of transistors in the circuit can provide an additional path for current from its associated one of the switching circuitry transistors during off-switching of that transistor so that a spike in current from the switching circuitry transistor is only partially transmitted through a path extending between the switching circuitry transistor and a capacitor of the charge pump. |
| US08149031B1 |
Duty-cycle feedback charge pump
A charge pump includes a reference charge pump with an input interface to accept a phase detector signal and a duty-cycle feedback signal, and an output to supply a control voltage. A replica charge pump accepts the phase detector signal supplies the duty-cycle feedback signal. If the reference charge pump source current (Ip) becomes mismatched with the sinking current (In), non-equal Tn and Tp time periods may result. The phase detector accepts reference and data signals having a steady state offset error and supplies a non-50% duty cycle square wave phase detector signal. The replica charge pump supplies a duty-cycle feedback signal to the reference charge pump responsive to the non-50% duty cycle phase detector signal and the reference charge pump equalizes the source and sink currents. When the phase detector measures reference and data signals fully orthogonal in phase, it supplies s 50% duty cycle signal. |
| US08149026B2 |
Driver circuit and adjustment method therefor
A driver circuit includes an output section; a voltage-dividing section configured to divide a first voltage at a coupling point between the output section and a termination resistor; a comparison section configured to compare a voltage difference with one of the first voltage and a second voltage, the voltage difference being a difference between the second voltage at a coupling point between the termination resistor and a transmission path and a third voltage output from the voltage-dividing section; and an adjustment section configured to adjust a voltage division ratio of the voltage-dividing section on the basis of the comparison result obtained in the comparison section. |
| US08149022B2 |
Digital delay line based frequency synthesizer
A frequency synthesizer is disclosed. The frequency synthesizer includes a period control word generator, a delta-sigma modulator, and a delay line unit. The period control word generator generates a period control word. The delta-sigma modulator receives the period control word and generates a phase selection signal. The delay line unit generates an output clock based on the phase selection signal. The delta-sigma modulator performs a carry-in operation based on a base number and the base number is adjustable and determined by a calibration process of the delay line unit. |
| US08149020B2 |
Differential amplifier, sample-and-hold circuit, and amplifier circuit
To provide a common-mode feedback circuit that feeds back signal corresponding to common-mode components of output terminal voltage of first and second amplifiers to input terminals of the first and second amplifiers via first and second passive elements connected to a common terminal, respectively. |
| US08149017B2 |
Low-voltage to high-voltage level translation using capacitive coupling
A voltage level translator circuit has a digital logic circuit having a digital logic signal, at least one high-voltage capacitor having a first and second connection, wherein one of the first and second connections is electrically coupled to the digital logic signal, and a cross-coupled inverter pair having, the output of at least one inverter of the pair electrically coupled to the other connection of the at least one high-voltage capacitor. A high-voltage driving circuit has two low-voltage input signals, two high-voltage output signals, a first signal being a high-side drive signal and a second signal being a low-side drive signal, two level translators, a first level translator corresponding to the high-side drive signal, and a second level translator corresponding to the low-side drive signal, the level translators including a digital logic circuit having a digital logic signal, at least one high-voltage capacitor having a first and second connection, wherein one of the first and second connections is electrically coupled to the digital logic signal, and a cross-coupled inverter pair having, the output of at least one inverter of the pair electrically coupled to the other connection of the at least one high-voltage capacitor. |
| US08149015B2 |
Transceiver system, semiconductor device thereof, and data transceiving method of the same
A transceiver system includes a first semiconductor device having a first input/output (I/O) pad connected with an I/O channel and a second semiconductor device having a second I/O pad connected with the I/O channel. The first semiconductor device is configured to terminate the first I/O pad with a first voltage when data is received, and maintain the first I/O pad and the I/O channel at the first voltage when data is transmitted. The second semiconductor device is configured to terminate the second I/O pad with a second voltage higher than the first voltage when data is received, and maintain the second I/O pad and the I/O channel at the second voltage when data is transmitted. |
| US08149012B2 |
Deliberate destruction of integrated circuits
A method is provided for intentionally permanently disabling a target device. The target device comprises an integrated circuit having one or more electronic devices, where the target device is disabled by destroying at least one or more electronic devices. The method comprises charging at least one capacitor in an integrated circuit disabling device, detecting when at least one capacitor is charged, and selecting at least one target signal path associated with the target device for disabling. The method further includes connecting the integrated circuit disabling device to the target signal path and rapidly discharging at least one capacitor to the selected target signal path. The discharging step may apply a high energy impulse to destroy the one or more electronic devices of the target device. |
| US08149010B2 |
Method for detecting storage voltage, display apparatus using the storage voltage and method for driving the display apparatus
A method for detecting a storage voltage, a display apparatus using the storage voltage and a method for driving the display apparatus. The method for detecting the storage voltage includes applying a test voltage to a storage line in a display panel having an active layer disposed between the storage line and a data line while varying the test voltage, the active layer being in an active state or an inactive state according to the test voltage, and detecting the storage voltage corresponding to the test voltage in an inactive state of the active layer. Thus, the display panel is driven by using the detected storage voltage, so that an aperture ratio may be increased and current consumption may be decreased. |
| US08149005B2 |
Jig for detecting position
A position alignment of a transfer point of a transfer arm is performed by using a position detecting wafer capable of being loaded into an apparatus having a thin transfer port. The position detecting wafer S includes an electrostatic capacitance detecting sensor 50 for detecting an electrostatic capacitance in relation with a reference object for the position alignment. The electrostatic capacitance detecting sensor 50 includes a plurality of electrostatic capacitance detecting electrodes 52, each forming the electrostatic capacitance in relation with the reference object; and a control circuit 51 for controlling a detection of the electrostatic capacitance by each electrostatic capacitance detecting electrode 52, while communicating with each electrostatic capacitance detecting electrode 52. The electrostatic capacitance detecting electrodes 52 are provided on a rear surface of the position detecting wafer S, and the control circuit 51 is provided on a front surface of the position detecting wafer S. |
| US08149001B2 |
Low cost fingerprint sensor system
Low cost fingerprint system having a single chip solution includes a circuit board, a fingerprint sensor array fabricated onto a first surface of the circuit board, and an integrated circuit die for processing information received from the fingerprint sensor array is mounted directly to a second surface of the circuit board. The integrated circuit die may be electrically connected to the sensor by, for example, vias in the circuit board. |
| US08149000B2 |
Detecting closure of an electronic device using capacitive sensors
System and method for determining closure of an electronic device. The electronic device may include a top portion and a bottom portion, and may be connecting via a hinge or other closing mechanism. The top portion and/or the bottom portion may include one or more capacitive sensors which provide signals corresponding to physical contact and a controller coupled to the one or more capacitive sensors. The controller may operate to receive the signals from the one or more capacitive sensors, determine if the electronic device has been closed based on the received signals, and initiate a sequence of events corresponding to the closure of the electronic device. The sequence of events may result in the device entering a low power state. |
| US08148999B2 |
Proximity detector
A circuit for generating an indicative signal regarding the approach of an object to an observation area has a send electrode device, a generator circuit for supplying alternating voltage to the send electrode device, a receive electrode device which extends in or along the observation area, and an output circuit for generating an output signal correlating with the field at the receive electrode device. A compensation circuit is provided to add a compensation current i2 to a signal current i1 flowing from the receive electrode device. |
| US08148997B2 |
Method for monitoring whether the switching threshold of a switching transducer lies within a predefined tolerance range
A method monitors whether the switching threshold of a switching sensor lies within a predefined tolerance region. An input signal is applied to the sensor's signal input, and a signal output emits a switch output signal that takes a first value when the input signal exceeds the switching threshold and, otherwise, takes a second value. A modulator generates a modulator signal used as an input signal that changes continuously or cyclically between an output value defining the upper limit and a smaller test value defining the lower limit of the tolerance region. The switch output signal pulses synchronously with the modulator signal between the first and second values when the switching threshold lies within the tolerance region and otherwise does not pulse. An evaluation device monitors the pulsation, an alarm signal being triggered when the switch output signal does not pulse for at least a predefined test period. |
| US08148993B2 |
Abnormality detecting device, abnormality detecting method, and computer readable medium storing an abnormality detecting program
An abnormality of a current sensor or a voltage sensor is detected. An abnormality detecting section reads out a charging/discharging current I of a secondary battery detected by the current sensor and a battery voltage V of the secondary battery, calculates an estimated battery voltage Vs on the basis of an electromotive force E and an internal resistance r of the secondary battery, and judges the current sensor to be abnormal if the difference between the battery voltage V and the estimated battery voltage Vs is greater than a predetermined threshold and the charging/discharging current I exceeds a predetermined allowable range, and judges the voltage sensor to be abnormal if the difference is greater than the predetermined threshold and the charging/discharging current I is within the predetermined allowable range. |
| US08148992B2 |
Underwater electric field electromagnetic prospecting system
The present invention, in various embodiments, is directed to a geophysical system and method in which a transmitter coil is oriented with its axis horizontally, and a sensor is positioned below the coil to measure an ambient electrical and/or magnetic parameter associated with a conductive medium surrounding the at least one transmitter coil. |
| US08148990B2 |
Marine electromagnetic acquisition apparatus with foldable sensor arm assembly
A marine electromagnetic acquisition apparatus includes a sensor module having at least one sensor associated therewith. A sensor arm assembly is coupled to the sensor module. The sensor arm assembly has at least one sensor arm and at least one sensor disposed along the at least one sensor arm. An actuator is coupled to the sensor arm assembly for moving the sensor arm assembly between a folded position and an unfolded position. |
| US08148988B2 |
Magnet arrangement and method for providing a magnetic field in a sensitive volume
A magnet arrangement includes (a) a first and a second head ring magnet each having a substantially circular geometry with respect to a center axis and (b) a central ring magnet having a substantially circular geometry with respect to a center axis. The central ring magnet is disposed between the first and second head ring magnet in direction of the center axis. At least one of the magnets includes a first number of first magnets having at least one trapezoidal cross section and a second number of second magnets having at least one rectangular cross section. The second magnets are disposed in between the first magnets in circumferential direction. With this geometrical arrangement, magnets having a trapezoidal cross section include a guidance for a magnet having a rectangular cross section allowing the movements in radial direction of these last magnets. |
| US08148983B2 |
Method for calibration of a magnetic resonance acquisition channel, calibration data determination device and magnetic resonance system
In a method for calibration of a magnetic resonance acquisition channel having a magnetic resonance acquisition antenna in a magnetic resonance system, in a test signal is emitted by the transmission antenna in the magnetic resonance system and is received by the acquisition antenna. Acquisition channel calibration data for the appertaining magnetic resonance acquisition channel are determined on the basis of the received test signal. The method can be implemented by a calibration data determination device for a magnetic resonance system as well as by a magnetic resonance system itself. |
| US08148982B2 |
Spin locked balanced steady-state free precession (slSSFP) with off-resonance spin locked pulses interleaved with imaging gradients
A spin locked balanced steady-state free precession (slSSFP) pulse sequence combines a balanced gradient echo acquisition with an off-resonance spin lock pulse for fast MRI. The transient and steady-state magnetization trajectory is solved numerically using the Bloch equations and is shown to be similar to balanced steady-state free precession (bSSFP) for a range of T2/T1 and flip angles, although the slSSFP steady-state could be maintained with considerably lower RF power. In both simulations and brain scans performed at 7T, slSSFP is shown to exhibit similar contrast and SNR efficiency to bSSFP, but with significantly lower power. |
| US08148980B2 |
Magnetic resonance imaging system and method
A magnetic resonance imaging system is characterized in that a control unit executes, as pulse sequences, a first sequence for obtaining data of a predetermined 2-dimensional region in a k-space and a second sequence for obtaining data required for reconstruction of an image by irradiating an object to be examined with an inversion recovery pulse and corrects the phase of the data obtained by the second sequence with the data of the 2-dimensional region obtained by the first sequence, and in that a signal processing unit reconstructs a real component image with corrected data.Upon execution of the first sequence, the control unit obtains the data of the predetermined 2-dimensional region in the k-space while varying a phase encoding amount. |
| US08148979B1 |
Selective magnetic resonance imaging
Techniques and systems for magnetic resonance imaging are disclosed in this specification. In one aspect, imaging of tissues having short transverse relaxation times T2 is described including short echo time (TE) signal acquisition preceded by suppression of signal from the surrounding tissues having long transverse relaxation times T2, to increase the contrast and dynamic range of magnetic resonance (MR) images contributed by the tissues having short T2. |
| US08148978B2 |
Magnetic sensor array
A magnetic sensor array includes a first three-dimensional magnetic sensor secured to a substrate in a central location of the substrate. A number of second three-dimensional magnetic sensors are secured to the substrate at a first distance from the first magnetic sensor. Additionally, a number of one-dimensional magnetic sensors are secured to the substrate at a second distance from the first magnetic sensor greater than the first distance. Additional magnetic sensors of any dimension may also be included. The magnetic field sensitivity of the first and second three-dimensional magnetic sensors may be less than the magnetic field sensitivity of the one-dimensional magnetic sensors. The sensing range of the first and second three-dimensional magnetic sensors may be greater than the sensing range of the one-dimensional magnetic sensors. The magnetic sensor array may also include a processing circuit coupled to the magnetic sensors. |
| US08148973B2 |
Magnetic resolver
A magnetic resolver includes: a plurality of columnar cores disposed on an annular plate; a coil portion disposed around each of the columnar cores; and an annular rotor having a sinusoidal profile that rotates in a plane parallel to the top faces of the columnar cores around a rotation axis that passes through the center of the annular plate. The coil portion may be formed of a patterned coil formed on an annular substrate that has a plurality of through holes made therein through which the plurality of cores are passed, the patterned coil being formed around the through hole. |
| US08148972B2 |
Filter circuit and method of controlling same
Disclosed is a filter circuit that includes means for monitoring currents flowing through positive and negative windings of a common-mode noise filter, and means for performing an adjustment based on the result of monitoring so as to equalize the current flowing positive and negative windings. |
| US08148971B2 |
Layout of a reference generating system
A layout of a voltage/current reference system is disclosed. A first voltage/current reference circuit (for example, a bandgap reference circuit) and a second voltage/current reference circuit are respectively laid out on either side of a substrate, such as edges or perimeter sides of the substrate. A reference voltage/current is derived by averaging respective output reference voltage/current values of the first and the second voltage/current reference circuits. Accordingly, the noise influence on the voltage/current reference system is minimized. |
| US08148970B2 |
Reference current generating circuit
A reference current generating circuit includes first and second standard current generating circuits to generate first and second standard currents, respectively and first and second trimming circuits to generate first and second reference circuits by trimming the standard current values outputted from the standard current generating circuits. The second standard current generating circuit operates for a part of an operation period of the first standard current generating circuit. The value of the first reference current is compared with a value of the second reference current, and controlled so as to approach the value of the second reference current by a trimming controller. |
| US08148966B2 |
Power supply control circuits including enhanced ramp pulse modulation
A power supply control circuit includes a latch including a first latch input for receiving a first logic signal, a second latch input for receiving a second logic signal, and a latch output for providing an output signal. The power supply control circuit further includes a controller coupled to the first and second latch inputs. The controller is configured to generate the first logic signal based on an error signal and a threshold signal and in response to an off-time signal to control timing between pulses in the output signal. The controller is further configured to select one of the error signal and the threshold signal and to generate the second logic signal based on a ramp signal and the one of the error signal and the threshold signal to control a width of the pulse. |
| US08148963B2 |
Self-oscillating converter
A converter has a main feedback path and two auxiliary feedback paths from an output node to an auxiliary differential input pair of a comparator. The auxiliary feedback paths have different RC time constants so that a differential ramp signal is effectively applied to the auxiliary differential inputs of the comparator. The circuit design compensates for a negligibly small equivalent series resistor of an output capacitor so that modern capacitors may be used without compromising the stable oscillation of the converter. |
| US08148960B2 |
Voltage regulator circuit
It is desired for semiconductor devices to reduce an inrush current and an overshoot. According to the voltage regulator circuit of the present invention, when a power supply is turned on, a switch SW1 is turned on in response to a control signal CTR1, a switch SW2 is turned off, and a reference voltage Vref is input to the first (+IN) and second (−IN) inputs of a differential amplifier AMP1 as a common voltage. When a common voltage is supplied to the first (+IN) and second (−IN) inputs, the current I flows into a smoothing capacitor C1 from the high-voltage power supply (VDD) via the differential amplifier AMP1 is regulated to be small. Namely, an inrush current can be reduced. Further, according to the voltage regulator circuit 30 of the present invention, the increase of the output voltage Vout from the differential amplifier AMP1 is relaxed so that the overshoot can be suppressed. |
| US08148959B2 |
Microprocessor die with integrated voltage regulation control circuit
An integrated circuit die includes a microprocessor and a control circuit to control elements of a voltage regulator to supply power to the microprocessor. |
| US08148956B2 |
Power factor correction circuit and method of driving the same
The present invention relates to a power factor correction circuit and a method of driving the power factor correction circuit. The power factor correction circuit according to the present invention includes a power transfer element configured to receive an input voltage, an input current corresponding to the input voltage flowing through the power transfer element, and a switch connected to the power transfer element and configured to control an output voltage generated by the current flowing through the power transfer element. The power factor correction circuit is configured to detect a zero voltage edge timing of the input voltage by detecting the input voltage, generate a reference clock signal having a frequency that varies according to the detected edge timing, generate a reference signal using the reference clock signal, generate an error amplification signal based on a difference between the output voltage and a predetermined error reference signal, generate the amplification reference signal by multiplying the reference signal by the error amplification signal, and control a switching operation of the switch using the amplification reference signal and a detection signal corresponding to a current flowing through the switch. |
| US08148955B2 |
Motor vehicle
A motor vehicle includes an on-board vehicle electric system, an electric consumer, whose resistance decreases with the decreasing voltage dropping at the consumer, an electric energy accumulator, and a switching arrangement. The switching arrangement is designed and is connected or connectable to the on-board vehicle electric system, the consumer and the energy accumulator such that in a first switching position, the energy accumulator, and in a second switching position, the switching arrangement, is connected in parallel to the on-board vehicle electric system. The energy accumulator in the second switching position is connected in series to the consumer, and the energy accumulator in the first switching position is not connected in series to the consumer. |
| US08148951B2 |
Battery controlling apparatus for a vehicle
A battery controlling apparatus for a vehicle and effectively prevents overcharge upon battery charging with a simple configuration is provided.The battery controlling apparatus for a vehicle includes a charging ratio detection section 1b for detecting a charging ratio of a battery 4 upon starting of constant current control, an elapsed time measurement section 2a for measuring elapsed time from a point of time at which the constant current control starts, a timeout setting section 2c for setting timeout time of the constant current control based on the charging ratio detected by the charging ratio detection section 1b, and a current cutoff section 2d for cutting off current to be supplied to the battery 4 when the elapsed time measured by the elapsed time measurement section 2a, upon the constant current control, exceeds the timeout time set by the timeout setting section 2c. |
| US08148948B2 |
Adaptive low voltage disconnect controller, method of protecting a battery and a power system manager
Provided herein is a controller for a low voltage disconnect (LVD), a method of protecting and providing a maximum or substantially maximum battery reserve coupled to a DC load bus and a power system manager. In one embodiment, the LVD controller includes an adaptive disconnect system configured to determine a variable LVD threshold voltage value and instruct the LVD to disconnect a battery reserve from a DC load bus based thereon. The variable LVD threshold voltage is determined based on a current of the battery reserve during a battery-discharge event. |
| US08148945B2 |
Device provided with power supply circuit
A device configured to suppress the occurrence of an inrush current is provided at a low cost, where the device includes a power circuit configured to generate a voltage used to drive a load, a capacitor connected to a supply line provided to supply power from the power circuit to the load, the capacitor being configured in such manner to stabilize the potential of the load, a charging/discharging circuit that supplies an amount of power smaller than a predetermined amount of power to the capacitor and that discharges the smaller amount of power from the capacitor, a charging circuit that supplies an amount of power larger than the predetermined amount of power to the capacitor, and a switch circuit configured to make each of the charging/discharging circuit and the charging circuit operate. |
| US08148942B2 |
Charging systems with cell balancing functions
In a power converter, a primary winding receives an input power. In addition, multiple secondary windings transform the input power into multiple charging currents to charge a set of cells via a set of paths. The multiple secondary windings further balance the set of cells based on the charging currents. A ratio between a first turn number of a first secondary winding of the secondary windings and a second turn number of a second secondary winding of the secondary windings is determined by a nominal voltage ratio between two corresponding cells of the set of cells. |
| US08148940B2 |
Multifunctional vehicle charger and charging process of the same
The present invention relates to a multi-functional vehicle charger and the charging process of the same. The vehicle charger includes an enclosure defining the vehicle charger. The enclosure includes a USB port disposed thereon, a power plug corresponding to a vehicle power outlet on one end, and a wire connected with a power terminal at the other end. The power terminal, the USB port, and the power plug are connected to a charge monitor circuit. Thus the vehicle charger can be connected with various electrical appliances for charging by insertion of the power terminal on the wire into a socket of a Li-ion battery and by a connecting wire that connects the USB port to electric appliances with USB functionality. Thereby, power is supplied by various output ends when the vehicle charger is inserted into a power outlet in vehicles. |
| US08148939B2 |
Battery pack using a secondary battery and connection system for connecting the battery pack to a charging device or a loading device
In a battery pack (1), control means (3) reads identification information or operating state detection information out of identification information memory means (4) or battery operating state detection means (10) and inputs it to a modulation circuit (5). The modulation circuit (5) modulates the information into an information signal which can be superimposed on a direct-current power transmission line and sends it to a charging device (20) or a loading device (30) through a positive charge and discharge terminal (11). The charging device (20) or the loading device (30) demodulates the sent information signal to take out the identification information or the operating state detection information and allows power source control means (25, 35) to control the output of charging energy from a charging power source (23) or the output of discharging energy to a load (33). Thus, in addition to the transmission of direct-current power, information can be transmitted only by the connection of two positive and negative terminals. |
| US08148935B2 |
Machine with flywheel-less buffer drive
A machine has a basic body and a machine element. The machine element can be moved relative to the basic body by an electric working drive which is connected to an electric supply system via a working converter. An electric buffer drive is connected to the electric supply system via a buffer converter. The working converter and the buffer converter are controlled by a control device in line with a predetermined travel movement of the machine element in a coordinated manner. The coordination is such that a total load on the supply system by both converters together during the total travel movement of the machine element remains below a maximum load prompted by the working converter alone. The buffer drive has a drive shaft which has no flywheel connected to it. |
| US08148933B2 |
Circuit arrangement for load-dependent control of current flow time in motor windings of self-timed bipolar stepper motors
A circuit arrangement for automatic, load-dependent control of at least one winding current of a respective motor winding of a self-timed bipolar stepper motor, includes a first power driver circuit for a first motor winding and a second power driver circuit for a second motor winding. The circuit arrangement includes a first XOR gate and a second XOR gate, and a first resistor connected so as to couple the first XOR gate to an anode of a first diode. A cathode of the first diode is coupled to the comparator input of the first power driver circuit via a second resistor. A third resistor is connected so as to couple the second XOR gate to an anode of a second diode. A cathode of the second diode is coupled to the current-controlling comparator input of the second power driver circuit via a fourth resistor. |
| US08148932B2 |
System and method for driving a drawer in a refrigerator
A system and method for driving a drawer of a refrigerator are provided. This system allows a drawer to be automatically withdrawn from and/or inserted into a main body of the refrigerator. This system also allows a drawer which has been stopped during the withdrawal process to be further withdrawn from the main body so as to complete action on a withdrawal command, or to be re-inserted into the main body, so as to reduce cool air loss. |
| US08148923B2 |
Method for accelerating electrons in a linear accelerator and an accelerating structure for carrying out said method
Low-injection energy electrons are accelerated in a continuous standing wave linear accelerator. Electron flow is supplied directly from a low-energy electron source to subsequent sequential accelerating units interconnected via connection cells. By grouping electrons in the first bunch resonator at a determined gap voltage, increasing the electron energy in a booster resonator and accelerating the electron energy in the accelerating unit, the optimal phase of particles with respect to the electromagnetic field is ensured. The length of each accelerating structure segment, which is located between centers of the adjacent cells, is based on the equality between the relation of the length of each following segment to the length of the previous segment and the relation of the average electron speed in the previous segment to the average electron speed in the following segment. |
| US08148921B2 |
Method and apparatus for propagating optical signals along with power feed to illuminators and electrical appliances
In a method and apparatus for propagating optical signals via optical cables such as plastic optical fiber, known as lightguide joint and mingled with the electrical wiring and home automation system for controlling LED illuminators enclosed in standard screw type bulb bases or plug-in bases, such as used for halogen lamp via optical signal propagated through such standard bases. Same optical signals are propagated through power outlets and via power cable assemblies to electrical appliances for controlling the appliances operation and on-off switching. Full range of control, distribution, signal conversion, keypads and touch screen including video interphones monitors and shopping terminals operate and controls such home automation via the optical cables. |
| US08148920B2 |
Method of controlling a ballast for a high intensity discharge lamp and related system
A method of controlling a ballast for a high intensity discharge (HID) lamp and related system. The method includes setting initial operating parameters of the ballast to turn on the HID lamp, generating starting transient electric characteristic values of the HID lamp by measuring actual electric parameters at a predetermined time during a transient process after the HID lamp is turned on, searching stored data for a rated power corresponding to the starting transient electric characteristic value range of the HID lamp after determining that the starting transient electric characteristic value is within stored starting transient electric characteristic value ranges of the HID lamp, and searching the stored data for a corresponding ballast operating parameter, to allow the HID lamp to operate in the corresponding rated power, and realize that a single ballast can be adapted to and control the HID lamps to operable in their respective specific rated power. |
| US08148916B2 |
Driving device of a light source module, light source module having the driving device, driving method of the light source module, and display device having the driving device
A light source module includes a plurality of light-emitting blocks. A local-dimming driver drives the light-emitting blocks based on a received clock signal (first reference clock) and received dimming levels. The clock signal is input to a liquid crystal display panel and is also input to the local-dimming driver but is delayed within the local-dimming driver by fixed propagation delay. A delay modeling part performs modeling of the fixed propagation delay amount. The clock signal input to the local-dimming driver is first phase-compensated (delayed) by a phase compensation amount to synchronize the driving signals output by the local-dimming driver with the clock signal. The sum of the modeled propagation delay amount and the phase compensation amount is equal to an integral multiple of the period of the clock signal. The driving signal of the light-emitting blocks are synchronized and in phase with the clock signal. |
| US08148913B2 |
Active enclosure for computing device
A computing device is disclosed. The computing device includes a housing having an illuminable portion. The computing device also includes a light device disposed inside the housing. The light device is configured to illuminate the illuminable portion. |
| US08148911B2 |
Current-balance circuit and backlight module having the same
The present invention relates to a current-balance circuit and a backlight module having the same. The current balance circuit includes a current balance unit, a control unit, and a detection unit. The current balance unit is connected to a plurality of light units to regulate the current of the plurality of light units, independent from the effects of input voltage. The detection unit is connected to the plurality of light units and the current balance unit to detect the minimum operating voltage for the plurality of light units. The control unit, connected to the current balance unit, controls the operation of the plurality of light units. |
| US08148910B2 |
Differential driving circuit for powering a light source
A differential driving circuit for powering a light source is disclosed. The differential driving circuit includes a first set of switches and a second set of switches. A first current from a power source flows through the first set of switches to charge a first energy storage element when the first set of switches are turned on. A second current from the first energy storage element flows through the second set of switches to power the light source when the second set of switches are turned on. The differential driving circuit further includes a second energy storage element coupled to the light source in parallel and for providing a differential voltage to the light source. |
| US08148909B2 |
Driver system and method with multi-function protection for cold-cathode fluorescent lamp and external-electrode fluorescent lamp
System and method for driving a cold-cathode fluorescent lamp. The system includes a control subsystem configured to generate one or more control signals, and a power supply subsystem configured to receive the one or more control signals and a DC input voltage, convert the DC input voltage to an AC output voltage, and send the AC output voltage to a cold-cathode fluorescent lamp. If the DC input voltage is lower than a predetermined threshold, the system for driving the cold-cathode fluorescent lamp is turned off in response to the one or more control signals. |
| US08148907B2 |
Dimmable power supply
Various embodiments of a dimmable power supply are disclosed herein. For example, some embodiments provide a dimmable power supply including an output driver, a variable pulse generator and a load current detector. The output driver has a power input, a control input and a load path. The variable pulse generator includes a control input and a pulse output, with the pulse output connected to the output driver control input. The variable pulse generator is adapted to vary a pulse width at the pulse output based on a signal at the control input. The load current detector has an input connected to the output driver load path and an output connected to the variable pulse generator control input. The load current detector has a time constant adapted to substantially filter out a change in a load current at a frequency of pulses at the variable pulse generator pulse output. |
| US08148906B2 |
Constant current switching power supply apparatus, method of driving it, light source driving apparatus, method of driving it, and image display apparatus
In a constant current switching power supply, the current flowing through the load, is feedback-controlled based on the deviation of the detection value (Id) from the target value (Ir), multiplied by a proportional gain (PG), the value of the gain is set to a predetermined value immediately after the load switching element (5) is turned on, and is thereafter gradually reduced with elapse of time. When the current to the load (4) is supplied by a PWM controlled switching circuit (1), the PWM signal is determined based on a product of the deviation and a proportional gain. It is possible to shorten the rise time of a pulsative load current in a situation where the current is relatively large. |
| US08148905B2 |
AC light emitting diode and AC LED drive methods and apparatus
An AC LED package and circuits are disclosed along with an AC LED driver. The AC LED circuit may include as few as one LED or an array of anti-parallel LEDs driven with AC power sources and AC LED drivers at various voltages and frequencies. The AC LEDs are pre-packaged in various forms and materials and designed for mains or high frequency coupling in various forms to AC power sources, inverter type drivers or packages. The AC LED driver is a fixed frequency driver that provides a relatively constant voltage output to different size loads within the wattage limitation of the driver and in some cases is a direct mains power source. |
| US08148895B2 |
Display device and manufacturing method of the same
It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for manufacturing a display device in which unevenness generated under a light-emitting element does not impart an adverse effect on the light-emitting element. It is another object of the invention to provide a method for manufacturing a display device in which penetration of water into the inside of the display device through a film having high moisture permeability can be suppressed without increasing processing steps considerably. It is another object of the invention to provide a display device and a method for manufacturing a display device satisfying the above two simultaneously. A display device of the present invention to solve the above problems comprising a thin film transistor and a light-emitting element over an insulating surface formed on a substrate, wherein the light-emitting element includes a light-emitting laminated body interposed between a first electrode and a second electrode; wherein the first electrode is formed over an insulating film formed over the thin film transistor; and wherein a planarizing film is formed in response to the first electrode between the first electrode and the insulating film. |
| US08148889B1 |
Low voltage phosphor with film electron emitters display device
A flat panel display including: a film electron emitting cathode; and, an anode including: a plurality of pixels, a plurality of TFT circuits, each being associated with a corresponding one of the circuits; and a conductive frame laterally separating the pixels and substantially isolating their respective electric fields. |
| US08148886B2 |
Red nitride phosphor and production method thereof
A red phosphor where the crystal phase constituting the phosphor is monoclinic Eu-activated CaAlSiN3. A red phosphor which is Eu-activated CaAlSiN3 powder having an average particle diameter of 10 μm or less as measured in the non-pulverized state by the laser scattering particle size distribution analysis. A light-emitting device comprising a blue light-emitting element, a yellow phosphor capable of converting the blue light emitted from the blue light-emitting element into yellow light, and the above-described red phosphor capable of converting the blue light emitted from the blue light-emitting element into red light. A method for producing Eu-activated CaAlSiN3, comprising firing a raw material powder comprising Ca3N2, AlN, Si3N4 and EuN at 1,400 to 2,000° C. in a nitrogen-containing atmosphere, the Ca3N2, AlN and Si3N4 giving a composition falling in the region surrounded by a straight line connecting the following four points A to D in the composition diagram of FIG. 1, and EuN being contained in an amount of 0.01 to 10 parts by weight as Eu per 100 parts by weight in total of Ca3N2, AlN and Si3N4. |
| US08148883B2 |
Spark plug used for an internal-combustion engine and a method for manufacturing the same
The present invention provides a highly reliable spark plug used for an internal-combustion engine and including an insulator with a high withstand voltage, and a method for manufacturing the same. Namely, it provides a spark plug containing a cylindrical metal shell having an insulator holding hole, a cylindrical insulator including an axial hole therein which extends in an axial direction, and engaging with said insulator holding hole of said metal shell, and a center electrode held in said axial hole of said insulator, wherein said insulator has a texture in which one or more pores exposed in a judgment area with 50 μm in diameter occupy 40% or less of said judgment area at any locations in an observation area, in the case where a predetermined mirror-finishing section of an enclosed portion surrounded by said metal shell is used as said observation area to observe pores exposed in said observation. |
| US08148879B2 |
Sheet-type vibrator and acoustic apparatus
In a sheet-type piezoelectric vibrator provided with a piezoelectric sheet made from a transparent organic polymer and electrodes formed on respective main surfaces that are opposite to each other of the piezoelectric sheet, an electrode material that is effectively used for making the vibrator colorless is provided. The first electrodes formed on one of the main surfaces of piezoelectric sheets are made of zinc oxide electrode layers, each mainly containing zinc oxide, and second electrodes formed on the other main surface of the piezoelectric sheets include polythiophene electrode layers made from a conductive polymer containing thiophene in a molecule structure thereof. Although the zinc oxide electrode layer is transparent, it is slightly yellowish, while, on the other hand, although the polythiophene electrode layer is also transparent, it is slightly bluish. Since the spectral characteristic of light transmitted through these two electrode layers is made substantially flat in the visible region, the coloring of the transmitted light is suppressed so that the layers appear colorless and transparent. |
| US08148878B2 |
Piezoelectric element and gyroscope
A piezoelectric element having a crystal structure that enables a piezoelectric film to be formed in an unstressed state is provided. The piezoelectric film contains an a-axis oriented crystal and a c-axis oriented crystal, where a difference in lattice constant between the a-axis oriented crystal and the c-axis oriented crystal is not more than 0.06 Å. The present inventors have newly found that a stress accumulated in the piezoelectric film can be reduced while maintaining favorable piezoelectric properties when a condition that the difference in lattice constant between the a-axis oriented crystal and the c-axis oriented crystal is not more than 0.06 Å is satisfied. When the condition is satisfied, the c-axis oriented crystal and the a-axis oriented crystal are properly balanced and as a result crystal particles of the piezoelectric film are closest-packed on its base in an ideal state, which contributes to a reduced stress. |
| US08148875B2 |
Piezoelectric vibrator, manufacturing method of piezoelectric vibrator, oscillator, electronic device, and radio-controlled timepiece
A piezoelectric vibrator which can be manufactured efficiently and a manufacturing method thereof are provided. The piezoelectric vibrator includes: a tuning-fork-type piezoelectric vibrating piece which has a pair of vibration arm portions, excitation electrodes formed on base end portions of the vibration arm portions, and weight metal films formed on distal end portions of the vibration arm portions; and a package which houses the piezoelectric vibrating piece therein. A gettering film on which a laser radiation flaw is formed is formed on intermediate portions between the base end portions and the distal end portions of the vibration arm portions. A first metal film included in the excitation electrode, a second metal film included in the weight metal film and the gettering film are formed using the same material. |
| US08148869B2 |
Brush holder
A brush holder includes terminals and a holder body, wherein each terminal includes a pair of connecting terminals provided to sandwich a cut-off portion in which the conducting path is cut to mount an electrical component for connecting the component in series with the conducting path, and a shorting path forming portion connecting the connecting terminal provided at the direct current source side with the brush to short the cut-off portion, wherein the holder body has an opening, from which the shorting path forming portion are exposed, for cutting the shorting path forming portion with the terminals held by the holder body. |
| US08148868B2 |
Slip ring assembly with cooling
The present invention relates to a slip ring assembly for providing electricity to or from a rotor rotating in relation to a stator in a generator or an electrical motor. The slip ring unit rotates around a centre axis and has at least one first slip ring with an outer surface, a diameter, and a width. Also, the assembly has at least one conductive means, such as a brush, having conductive contact with the surface of the slip ring, and a housing in which the slip ring unit and the conductive means are situated. Furthermore, the assembly has a suction means in connection with the housing for suction of gas from within the housing out through a suction outlet in the housing. In addition, the housing has a suction inlet which is connected with a guiding means. The guiding means has an aperture facing the slip ring surface, and the aperture is positioned at a predetermined distance from the surface of the slip ring so that the gas is able to cool the surface of the slip ring. Also, the invention relates to a generator and a wind turbine having such a slip ring assembly. |
| US08148866B2 |
Regulated hybrid permanent magnet generator
A permanent magnet rotor for an electrical generator has pole pieces with permanent magnets. A control coil is associated with the pole pieces. A current flow through the coils is controlled to achieve a desired output voltage at an output for the generator. |
| US08148865B2 |
Permanent magnet rotating electrical machine and permanent magnet rotating electrical machine system
Movement of magnets due to centrifugal force is restricted. In a permanent magnet rotating electrical machine 100 having a stator 1 and a rotor core 5 provided with a plurality of permanent magnets 3 inserted in an outer circumferential portion of the rotor 5, each permanent magnet 3 has inclined surfaces on the outer circumferential side of the rotor 2 and the thinnest portions of the inclined surfaces are adjacent to permanent magnets of the opposite polarity. Further, each magnet 3 has a convex-shaped cross section and is divided into two magnet segments 3, 3. A magnetic pole bridge 15 is formed at the boundary of the permanent magnet segments 3, 3. Thus, movement of the permanent magnet segments 3, 3 due to centrifugal force is firmly restricted, and the peeling off of the rotor core 5 and the permanent magnet segments 3, 3 from each other is prevented. |
| US08148862B2 |
Bearing device, spindle motor and disk drive apparatus
A bearing device includes a shaft, a sleeve and a thrust plate. The shaft includes a convex portion having a curved surface provided at one end thereof. The sleeve includes an inner circumferential surface opposed to an outer circumferential surface of the shaft. The thrust plate includes a concave portion having a curved surface and arranged to make contact with the convex portion of the shaft. The shaft is supported by the sleeve and the thrust plate such that it may rotate about the central axis with respect to the sleeve and the thrust plate. A curvature radius of the concave portion is greater than a curvature radius of the convex portion but equal to or smaller than about 2.0 times of the curvature radius of the convex portion. |
| US08148860B2 |
PMDC motor
A PMDC motor, particularly for driving an automobile liftgate, comprises a stator and a rotor rotatably mounted to the stator. The stator comprises a housing and an end cap mounted to one end of the housing. The end cap comprises: a first brush, a second brush, a first terminal, a second terminal, a first choke connected in series with the first brush and the first terminal, a second choke connected in series with the second brush and the second terminal, an overcurrent protection component connected in series with the second brush, and a set of capacitors. Each of the chokes comprises an inductor core extending axially and a winding wound about the inductor core. |
| US08148858B2 |
Totally enclosed heat pipe cooled motor
A totally enclosed motor comprising a housing totally encloses an electrical package that includes plurality of slot vents extending radially outward from a shaft on which the electrical package is mounted. The electrical package being operable to generate a closed circuit electrical package cooling air flow that circulates through the slot vents and is confined within the housing. The motor additionally including an exterior cooling assembly that is operable to generate a directed exterior air flow along an exterior portion of the housing. The motor further including a plurality of heat pipes having evaporator ends disposed within the closed circuit electrical package cooling air flow and condenser ends disposed within the exterior air flow, whereby heat is removed from the electrical package chamber such that the ‘Totally Enclosed’ more provides a power output substantially equivalent to that of an ‘Open’ motor of approximately the same size. |
| US08148856B2 |
Stand-alone device for generating electrical energy
The present invention relates to a stand-alone device for generating electrical energy comprising:—an excitation coil (2) furnished with a central opening, —a magnetic circuit passing through the central opening of the coil and formed of a fixed part (3) and a movable part (5) that can move with respect to the fixed part (3) so as to vary the magnetic flux through the excitation coil (2), characterized in that, —the magnetic circuit passes through the central opening of the excitation coil (2) several times, forming at least one loop. The invention also relates to a remote control device comprising a transmitter coupled to a remote receiver and a stand-alone device (1) for generating electrical energy so as to generate an electric current intended to power its transmitter. |
| US08148853B2 |
Switching method and apparatus
A switch circuit and method for converting a hard switch into a soft switch. In one example, the circuit includes a first switch having a first node and a second node, and a switch control circuit coupled in parallel with the first switch between the first and second nodes. The switch control circuit includes a series resonant circuit including a capacitor and an inductor coupled together in series, a second switch coupled in parallel with the series resonant circuit, a third switch coupled in series between the first node and the series resonant circuit, and a first diode coupled between the series resonant circuit and the second node, an negative terminal of the first diode being coupled to the second node. |
| US08148851B2 |
Simplified lighting control system
The invention offers an improvement in lighting control systems by providing a simplified power switching control system (i.e., using direct AC line voltage or DC current power switches instead of low voltage switches that control higher-current-capable relays) that controls the power to the power supplies that drive the light producing devices in a plurality of luminaires or lighting fixtures in a given installation. The lighting control system facilitates multiple modes of lighting configurations while requiring fewer switches that the prior art and also being easier to operate. The system supports the simultaneous use of multiple lighting technologies. Other embodiments showing extensions to the invention are also disclosed. |
| US08148847B2 |
Power source system with continuously adjustable output
An exemplary power source system includes a power source, controller, and a voltage fine adjusting unit. The power source includes a number of cells and a number of switches configured for connecting the cells in series or in parallel. The controller is configured for coarsely controlling an output of the power source by selectively turning on and off the switches. The voltage fine adjusting unit is configured for further and finely adjusting the output of the power source on condition that the coarsely controlled output of the power source is outside a predetermined acceptable range of output. |
| US08148846B2 |
Methods and apparatus for providing uninterruptible power
Power supply systems and methods are provided. In one aspect, a power supply system includes a frame, a power input to receive input power from a power source, a power output to provide output power to a load, at least one battery module mounted in the frame and having a battery output that provides battery power, at least one power module mounted in the frame and coupled to the power input to receive the input power, coupled to the battery output to receive the battery power, and coupled to the power output to provide the output power from at least one of the battery power and the input power, a first controller coupled to the at least one power module, and a second controller, substantially similar to the first controller, coupled to the first controller, and coupled to the at least one power module, wherein each of the first controller and the second controller are configured to determine operational parameters of the power supply system and store a first set of parameters determined by the first controller and a second set of parameters determined by the second controller. |
| US08148845B2 |
Circuit assembly including a power semiconductor module and a controller
A circuit assembly includes a power semiconductor module and, arranged externally thereto, a controller wherein the power semiconductor module comprises at least one controllable power semiconductor as well as at least one driver gating the latter, and controller and power semiconductor module each comprising a transceiver configured to communicate control signals between the controller and the power semiconductor module via an electromagnetic communication link unidirectionally or bidirectionally. |
| US08148841B1 |
Modular wind turbine system
A windmill includes a rotor having an outer blade edge of a stacked blade configuration windmill which generates electricity through outside rings which include wire windings. The outer blade edges are configured in a C-shape to enclose as much as ¾ of the outside ring to give mounting areas and overall blade stability. The system can be mounted in vehicles to charge batteries or provide for hydrogen separation in hydrogen cars as well as many other applications. The system can be modular so that a windmill of any suitable size can be constructed. |
| US08148840B2 |
Ocean wind water pump for de-energizing a storm
An engine for reducing the temperature at the surface of a body of water during a storm includes at least one floatation member for supporting the engine, an elongate tube mounted on the floatation member configured to receive a stream of air therethrough, the elongate tube having first and second ends, a constricted center section therebetween and means for distributing water into the tube adjacent the constricted center section, a wind turbine having at least one rotor, a differential and a shaft connecting the rotor to the differential, a pump operatively connected to the wind turbine and extending into the body of water to a depth where the temperature of the water is less the water temperature at the surface and wherein water from beneath the surface of the body of water is pumped into the manifold and distributed into the elongate tube to cool the stream of air. |
| US08148835B2 |
Method for controlling a wind energy plant
The present invention is related to a method for controlling a wind energy plant with plural control units, which perform control tasks in the wind energy plant, comprising the following steps: a) one priority at a time is assigned to the control units, depending on the control tasks they must perform, b) during the operation of the wind energy plant, the control units communicate continuously with each other and/or with a central communication unit, c) in case that there is a failure of a first control unit of the wind energy plant, a second control unit of the wind energy plant takes over the control tasks of the defective control unit, wherein the second control unit is selected depending on the priority assigned thereto and has the same as or a lower priority than the defective control unit. |
| US08148825B2 |
Integrated circuit package system with leadfinger
An integrated circuit package system includes: providing a lead terminal; forming a dummy lead near the lead terminal; positioning a base integrated circuit adjacent the lead terminal and the dummy lead; connecting a die connector to the base integrated circuit and the dummy lead; mounting a stackable integrated circuit over the base integrated circuit; and connecting another of the die connector to the stackable integrated circuit and the dummy lead. |
| US08148824B2 |
Semiconductor device with through substrate via
A through substrate via having a low stress is provided. The through substrate via is positioned in a substrate. The through substrate via includes: an outer tube penetrating the substrate; at least one inner tube disposed within the outer tube; a dielectric layer lining on a side wall of the outer tube, and a side wall of the inner tube; a strength-enhanced material filling the inner tube; and a conductive layer filling the outer tube. |
| US08148821B2 |
Dense seed layer and method of formation
Methods of forming dense seed layers and structures thereof are provided. Seed layers including a monolayer of molecules having a density of about 0.5 or greater may be manufactured over a metal layer, resulting in a well-defined interface region between the metal layer and a subsequently formed material layer. A seed layer including a monolayer of atoms is formed over the metal layer, the temperature of the workpiece is lowered, and a physisorbed layer is formed over the seed layer, the physisorbed layer including a weakly bound layer of first molecules. A portion of the first molecules in the physisorbed layer are dissociated by irradiating the physisorbed layer with energy, the dissociated atoms of the first molecules being proximate the seed layer. The workpiece is then heated, causing integration of the dissociated atoms of the first molecules of the physisorbed layer into the seed layer and removing the physisorbed layer. |
| US08148820B2 |
Formed product of line-structured substance composed of carbon element, and method of forming the same
The present invention proposes a method of readily and reliably forming CNTs independent of a substrate allowing a catalyst metal to deposit thereon, or an underlying material, even for the case where the substrate is not used, in which a titanium-cobalt composite particles are deposited, using a catalyst particle production system, on an insulating film formed on a silicon substrate, and CNTs are grown from the from titanium-cobalt composite particles by the CVD process. |
| US08148818B2 |
Semiconductor device and method for manufacturing the same
A conductive shield covering a semiconductor integrated circuit prevents electrostatic breakdown of the semiconductor integrated circuit (e.g., malfunction of a circuit and damage to a semiconductor element) due to electrostatic discharge. Further, with use of a pair of insulators between which the semiconductor integrated circuit is sandwiched, a highly reliable semiconductor having resistance can be provided while achieving reduction in the thickness and size. Moreover, also in the manufacturing process, external stress, or defective shapes or deterioration in characteristics resulted from electrostatic discharge are prevented, and thus the semiconductor device can be manufactured with high yield. |
| US08148817B2 |
Multi-die DC-DC buck power converter with efficient packaging
A DC-DC buck converter in multi-die package is proposed having an output inductor, a low-side Schottky diode and a high-side vertical MOSFET controlled by a power regulating controller (PRC). The multi-die package includes a first die pad with the Schottky diode placed there on side by side with the vertical MOSFET. The PRC die is attached atop the first die pad via an insulating die bond. Alternatively, the first die pad is grounded. The vertical MOSFET is a top drain N-channel FET, the substrate of Schottky diode die is its anode. The Schottky diode and the vertical MOSFET are stacked atop the first die pad. The PRC is attached atop the first die pad via a conductive die bond. The Schottky diode die can be supplied in a flip-chip configuration with cathode being its substrate. Alternatively, the Schottky diode is supplied with anode being its substrate without the flip-chip configuration. |
| US08148813B2 |
Integrated circuit package architecture
A packaging architecture for an integrated circuit is provided. The architecture includes a printed circuit board and a package substrate disposed on the printed circuit board. A first integrated circuit is disposed on a first surface of the package substrate. The package substrate is capable of supporting a second integrated circuit. The second integrated circuit is in electrical communication with a plurality of pads disposed on the first surface of the package substrate. Each of the plurality of pads is in electrical communication with the printed circuit board without communicating with the first integrated circuit. |
| US08148812B2 |
Thermal resistor, semiconductor device using the same, and electric device
A thermal resistor is a metal body having a contact surface to be partially in contact to form a void and is electrically conductive as a whole. The thermal body may be a layered body having a plurality of metal bodies layered so as to be partially in contact with one another to form a void between them, or a metal body having a plurality of convex and concave portions on the surface, or a metal body formed by a plurality of metal plates each having a plurality of creases and layered so that the creases of the adjacent metal plates intersect, or a layered metal body formed by metal plates each having elasticity in the thickness direction and having elasticity in the layered direction as a whole, or metal body having a film formed by a different metal. Also disclosed in a semiconductor device having the thermal resistor inserted between a heating semiconductor element and a case cover and between a heat spreader and the case cover. Also disclosed is an electric device using the device. |
| US08148807B2 |
Packaged microelectronic devices and associated systems
Packaged microelectronic devices and methods for manufacturing packaged microelectronic devices are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, a packaged microelectronic device can include a support member, a first die attached to the support member, and a second die attached to the first die in a stacked configuration. The device can also include an attachment feature between the first and second dies. The attachment feature can be composed of a dielectric adhesive material. The attachment feature includes (a) a single, unitary structure covering at least approximately all of the back side of the second die, and (b) a plurality of interconnect structures electrically coupled to internal active features of both the first die and the second die. |
| US08148800B2 |
Nanowire-based semiconductor device and method employing removal of residual carriers
A nanowire-based device and method employ removal of residual carriers. The nanowire-based device includes a semiconductor nanowire having a semiconductor junction, and a residual carrier sink. The residual carrier sink is located at or adjacent to the semiconductor nanowire near the semiconductor junction and employs one or both of enhanced recombination and direct extraction of the residual carriers. The method includes providing a semiconductor nanowire, forming a semiconductor junction within the semiconductor nanowire, forming a residual carrier sink, and removing residual carriers from the semiconductor junction region using the residual carrier sink. |
| US08148798B2 |
Semiconductor device and method for manufacturing the same
The semiconductor device includes a capacitor 36 formed over a semiconductor substrate 10 and including a lower electrode 30, a dielectric film 32 and an upper electrode 34; a first insulation film 58 formed above the capacitor 36; a first interconnection 88a formed over the first insulation film 68; a second insulation film 90 formed over the first insulation film 68 and over the first interconnection 88a; an electrode pad 102 formed over the second insulation film 90: and a monolithic conductor 100 buried in the second insulation film 90 immediately below the electrode pad 102 and buried through the second insulation film 90 down to a part of at least the first insulation layer 68. |
| US08148793B2 |
Three dimensional integrated passive device and method of fabrication
An integrated passive device (20) includes a first wafer (22), a first integrated device (28) formed on a first surface (24) of the wafer (22), and a second integrated device (30) formed on a second surface (26) of the wafer (22), the second surface (26) opposing the first surface (24). A microelectromechanical (MEMS) device (72) includes a second wafer (74) having a MEMS component (76) formed thereon. The integrated passive device (20) and the MEMS device (72) are coupled to form an IPD/MEMS stacked device (70) in accordance with a fabrication process (90). The fabrication process (90) calls for forming (94) the second integrated device (30) on the second surface (26) of the wafer (22), constructing (100) the MEMS component (76) on the wafer (74), coupling (104) the wafers (22, 74), then creating the first integrated device (28) on the first surface (24) of the first wafer (22). |
| US08148785B2 |
Semiconductor device
A semiconductor device can output a reference voltage for an arbitrary potential and can detect the voltage of each cell in a battery including multiple cells very precisely. The device includes a depletion-type MOSFET 21 and an enhancement type MOSFET 22, and has a floating structure that isolates depletion-type MOSFET 21 and enhancement type MOSFET 22 from a ground terminal. The depletion-type MOSFET 21 and enhancement type MOSFET 22 are connected in series to each other, wherein the depletion-type MOSFET 21 is connected to high-potential-side terminal and the enhancement type MOSFET 22 is connected to low-potential-side terminal. The semiconductor device having the configuration described above is disposed in a voltage detecting circuit section in a control IC for a battery including multiple cells. |
| US08148784B2 |
Semiconductor device having first and second device isolation layers formed of different insulation materials
A semiconductor device comprising a trench device isolation layer and a method for fabricating the semiconductor device are disclosed. The method comprises forming a plurality of first trenches on a first region of a semiconductor substrate, filling the first trenches with a first insulation material to form first device isolation layers, forming a plurality of second trenches on a second region of the semiconductor substrate, and filling the second trenches with a second insulation material different from the first insulation material to form second device isolation layers, wherein the first trenches and the second trenches are formed using different respective processes. |
| US08148777B1 |
Structure and fabrication of insulated-gate field-effect transistor with hypoabrupt change in body dopant concentration below source/drain zone
An insulated-gate field-effect transistor (100, 100V, 140, 150, 150V, 160, 170, 170V, 180, 180V, 190, 210, 210W, 500, 510, or 530; or 220, 220W, or 540) is provided with a hypoabrupt vertical dopant profile below one (104; or 264 or 564) of its source/drain zones for reducing the parasitic capacitance along the pn junction between that source/drain zone and adjoining body material (108; or 268 or 568). In particular, the concentration of semiconductor dopant which defines the conductivity type of the body material increases by at least a factor of 10 in moving from that source/drain zone down to an underlying body-material location no more than 10 times deeper below the upper semiconductor surface than that source/drain zone. |
| US08148776B2 |
Transistor with a passive gate
Disclosed is a device having a transistor that includes a source, a drain, a channel region extending between the source and the drain, a gate disposed near the channel region, and a conductive member disposed opposite of the channel region from the gate. The conductive member may not overlap the source, the drain, or both the source and the drain. |
| US08148775B2 |
Methods of providing electrical isolation and semiconductor structures including same
Methods of isolating gates in a semiconductor structure. In one embodiment, isolation is achieved using a spacer material in combination with fins having substantially vertical sidewalls. In another embodiment, etch characteristics of various materials utilized in fabrication of the semiconductor structure are used to increase an effective gate length (“Leffective”) and a field gate oxide. In yet another embodiment, a V-shaped trench is formed in the semiconductor structure to increase the Leffective and the field gate oxide. Semiconductor structures formed by these methods are also disclosed. |
| US08148770B1 |
Memory device with buried bit line structure
A memory device includes a number of memory cells and a bit line structure coupled to a group of the memory cells. The bit line structure includes an upper portion having a first width, and a lower portion having a second width, where the first width is less than the second width. |
| US08148766B2 |
Nonvolatile memory cell
A nonvolatile memory cell is provided. A semiconductor substrate is provided. A conducting layer and a spacer layer are sequentially disposed above the semiconductor substrate. At least a trench having a bottom and plural side surfaces is defined in the conducting layer and the spacer layer. A first oxide layer is formed at the bottom of the trench. A dielectric layer is formed on the first oxide layer, the spacer layer and the plural side surfaces of the trench. A first polysilicon layer is formed in the trench. And a first portion of the dielectric layer on the spacer layer is removed, so that a basic structure for the nonvolatile memory cell is formed. |
| US08148765B2 |
Resistive random access memory
A resistive memory device includes a first electrode, a resistive oxidation structure and a second electrode. The resistive oxidation structure has sets of oxidation layers stacked on the first electrode. Each set is made up of a first metal oxide layer and a second metal oxide layer which is disposed on and is thinner than the first metal oxide layer. The first metal oxidation layer of the first one of the sets of oxidation layers contacts an upper surface of the first electrode. The second electrode is formed on the resistive oxidation structure. The resistance of the oxidation structure can be changed by an electric field. |
| US08148762B2 |
Photodiodes, image sensing devices and image sensors
Provided are photodiodes, image sensing devices and image sensors. An image sensing device includes a p-n junction photodiode having a metal pattern layer on an upper surface thereof. An image sensor includes the image sensing device and a micro-lens formed above the metal pattern layer. The metal pattern layer filters light having a first wavelength. |
| US08148753B2 |
Compound semiconductor substrate having multiple buffer layers
The present invention provides a compound semiconductor substrate, including: a single-crystal silicon substrate having a crystal face with (111) orientation; a first buffer layer which is formed on the single-crystal silicon substrate and is constituted of an AlxGa1-xN single crystal (0 |
| US08148745B2 |
Semiconductor light emitting module and method for manufacturing the same
A light emitting module includes a semiconductor light source, a first lead with a bonding pad to which the light source is attached, and a second lead spaced from the first lead in a first direction contained in the plane of the first die bonding pad. The second lead includes a wire bonding pad connected to the light source via a wire. The module also includes a case formed with a space elongated in the first direction for accommodating the light source. The first lead includes an extension extending from the first die bonding pad, and a mounting terminal connected to the extension. The extension extends in a second direction that is perpendicular to the first direction and contained in the plane of the first die bonding pad. The mounting terminal extends perpendicularly to the second direction. The extension overlaps the light source in the first direction. |
| US08148742B2 |
Type II broadband or polychromatic LEDs
An LED is provided comprising two or more light-emitting Type II interfaces wherein at least two of the Type II interfaces differ in transition energy by at least 5%, or more typically by at least 10%, and wherein at least one of the Type II interfaces is within a pn junction. Alternately, an LED is provided comprising two or more light-emitting Type II interfaces wherein at least two of the Type II interfaces differ in transition energy by at least 5%, or more typically by at least 10%. The Type II interfaces may include interfaces from a layer which is an electron quantum well and not a hole quantum well, interfaces to a layer which is a hole quantum well and not an electron quantum well; and interfaces that satisfy both conditions simultaneously. The Type II interfaces may be within a pn or pin junction or not within a pn or pin junction. In the later case, emission from the Type II interfaces may be photopumped by a nearby light source. The LED may be a white or near-white light LED. In addition, graphic display devices and illumination devices comprising the semiconductor device according to the present invention are provided. |
| US08148740B2 |
Semiconductor light emitting device and method of manufacturing the same
Provided are a semiconductor light emitting device and a method of manufacturing the same. The semiconductor light emitting layer comprises a first conductive type semiconductor layer, an active layer on the first conductive type semiconductor layer, and a second conductive type semiconductor layer on the active layer. The active layer comprises a quantum well layer, a quantum barrier layer, and a dual barrier layer. |
| US08148738B2 |
Semiconductor device having an element mounted on a substrate and an electrical component connected to the element
In a semiconductor device 100, a light emitting element 120 has been mounted on an upper plane of a semiconductor substrate 102. In an impurity diffusion region of the semiconductor substrate 102, a P conducting type of a layer 104, and an N layer 106 have been formed, while an N conducting type impurity is implanted to the P layer 104, and then the implanted impurity is diffused to constitute the N layer 106. A zener diode 108 made of a semiconductor device has been formed by the P layer 104 and the N layer 106. |
| US08148734B2 |
Light emitting device having a lateral passivation layer
Provided are a light emitting device, a light emitting device package, and a lighting system. The light emitting device includes a light emitting structure including a first conductive type semiconductor layer, a second conductive type semiconductor layer, and an active layer between the first conductive type semiconductor layer and the second conductive type semiconductor layer, and a passivation layer protecting a surface of the light emitting structure. The passivation layer includes a first passivation layer on a top surface of the light emitting structure and a second passivation layer having a refractive index different from that of the first passivation layer, the second passivation layer being disposed on a side surface of the light emitting structure. The second passivation layer has a refractive index greater than that of the first passivation layer. |
| US08148730B2 |
Semiconductor device and method for manufacturing semiconductor device
A first resist pattern is formed by exposure using a first multi-tone photomask, and a first conductive layer, a first insulating layer, a first semiconductor layer, and a second semiconductor layer are etched, so that an island-shaped single layer and an island-shaped stack are formed. Here, sidewalls are formed on side surfaces of the island-shaped single layer and the island-shaped stack. Further, a second resist pattern is formed by exposure using a second multi-tone photomask, and a second conductive layer and the second semiconductor layer are etched, so that a thin film transistor, a pixel electrode, and a connection terminal are formed. After that, a third resist pattern is formed by exposure from a rear side using metal layers of the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer as masks, and the third insulating layer are etched, so that a protective insulating layer is formed. |
| US08148726B2 |
Display device and manufacturing method thereof
A display device which has thin film transistors, wherein a semiconductor layer includes a first layer, second layers and third layers, the first layer has a channel region, the second layers are an impurity layer, the third layers are a low-concentration impurity layer, the second layers have connection portions connected with an electrodes, the third layers are formed to annularly surround the second layers, a channel-region-side edge portion out of edge portions of the third layer is in contact with the first layer, the edge portions of the third layer but the channel-region-side edge portion are in contact with an interlayer insulation film, the second layers have a first region where the second layer overlaps with a gate electrode and a second region where the second layer does not overlap with the gate electrode, and the connection portion is in the second region. |
| US08148724B2 |
Liquid crystal display device and method of manufacturing the same
A liquid crystal display device includes a gate line and a data line on a substrate crossing each other to define a pixel region; a thin film transistor in the pixel region and connected to the gate line and the data line; a pixel electrode in the pixel region and connected to the thin film transistor; and a gate pad at an end of the gate line and a data pad at an end of the data line, at least one of the gate pad and the data pad including: a pad electrode including at least one pad contact hole therein along with a passivation layer, the passivation layer on the pad electrode, at least one side of the pad contact hole having an uneven shape in plane; and a pad electrode terminal contacting inner side surfaces of the pad electrode surrounding the pad contact hole. |
| US08148721B2 |
Bottom gate type thin film transistor, method of manufacturing the same, and display apparatus
Provided is a bottom gate type thin film transistor including on a substrate (1) a gate electrode (2), a first insulating film (3) as a gate insulating film, an oxide semiconductor layer (4) as a channel layer, a second insulating film (5) as a protective layer, a source electrode (6), and a drain electrode (7), in which the oxide semiconductor layer (4) includes an oxide including at least one selected from the group consisting of In, Zn, and Sn, and the second insulating film (5) includes an amorphous oxide insulator formed so as to be in contact with the oxide semiconductor layer (4) and contains therein 3.8×1019 molecules/cm3 or more of a desorbed gas observed as oxygen by temperature programmed desorption mass spectrometry. |
| US08148720B2 |
Organic thin film transistor and organic thin film light-emitting transistor
An organic thin film transistor including a substrate having thereon at least three terminals of a gate electrode, a source electrode and a drain electrode, an insulator layer and an organic semiconductor layer, with a current between a source and a drain being controlled upon application of a voltage to the gate electrode, wherein the organic semiconductor layer includes a specified organic compound having an acetylene or olefin structure in the center thereof; and an organic thin film light emitting transistor utilizing an organic thin film transistor, wherein the organic thin film transistor is one in which light emission is obtained utilizing a current flowing between the source and the drain, and the light emission is controlled upon application of a voltage to the gate electrode, and is made high with respect to the response speed and has a large ON/OFF ratio, are provided. |
| US08148719B2 |
Organic light emitting display device and fabricating method thereof
An organic light emitting display includes a substrate, a semiconductor layer arranged on the substrate, an organic light emitting diode arranged on the semiconductor layer, an encapsulant arranged on an top surface periphery of the substrate, which is an outer periphery of the semiconductor layer and the organic light emitting diode, an encapsulation substrate bonded to the encapsulant, and a bonding agent arranged on an under surface of the substrate which is opposite to the encapsulant. |
| US08148712B2 |
Group III nitride compound semiconductor stacked structure
An object of the present invention is to obtain a group III nitride compound semiconductor stacked structure where a group III nitride compound semiconductor layer having good crystallinity is stably stacked on a dissimilar substrate.The group III nitride compound semiconductor stacked structure of the present invention is a group III nitride compound semiconductor stacked structure comprising a substrate having provided thereon a first layer comprising a group III nitride compound semiconductor and a second layer being in contact with the first layer and comprising a group III nitride compound semiconductor, wherein the first layer contains a columnar crystal with a definite crystal interface and the columnar crystal density is from 1×103 to 1×105 crystals/μm2. |
| US08148711B2 |
Nonvolatile memory element, manufacturing method thereof, and nonvolatile semiconductor apparatus using nonvolatile memory element
A nonvolatile semiconductor apparatus of the present invention comprises (103), a second electrode (105), and a resistance variable layer (104) disposed between the first electrode (103) and the second electrode (105), a resistance value of the resistance variable layer being switchable reversibly in response to an electric signal applied between the electrodes (103), (105), wherein the resistance variable layer (104) comprises an oxide containing tantalum and nitrogen. |
| US08148708B2 |
Resistive memory device and method of fabricating the same
A resistive memory device includes a first conductive line on a substrate, a vertical selection diode comprising a nanowire or a nanotube and being arranged over the first conductive line, a resistive element including a resistive layer arranged over the vertical selection diode; and a second conductive line arranged over the resistive element. |
| US08148704B2 |
Printing plate registration using a camera
A method and apparatus for determining the alignment of printing plate (14) mounted on an imaging drum (12), and applying an image to a printing plate while maintaining registration and alignment between the image and a reference edge (15) of the printing plate include mounting the printing plate on a plate-making machine (10) and then determining the locations of at least two points on the reference edge. The locations of two or more points are used to determine a transformation that is applied to image data to yield transformed image data (27). The transformed image data is used to image the printing plate. A method and apparatus for determining the locations of the points using backlighting avoids errors encountered in illuminating from the top. |
| US08148703B2 |
Apparatus for performing radiation treatment
An apparatus is provided for determining and monitoring parameters of a radiation treatment. The apparatus produces a first image of a region of a patient body to be radiated using a medical imaging process, determines a parameter setting of a radiation system using the first image, and provides the radiation treatment to the body region to be radiated using the radiation system with the determined parameter setting. The apparatus further produces a second image of the body region radiated with the parameter setting, automatically comparing the first image and the second image, and generates a deviation signal when a difference between the first image and the second image exceeds a predetermined threshold value. |
| US08148701B2 |
Dosimeter with RFID tag
Described is device comprising dosimeter for measuring one or more doses of radiation; and an RFID tag comprising an antenna for communicating with an RFID tag reader and non-volatile memory for storing data therein. |
| US08148700B2 |
Speciman holder and speciman holder movement device
It is an object of the present invention to provide a significantly beneficial specimen holder which allows mounting one or more specimens, for example, a specimen to be examined and a standard adjustment specimen for aberration correction in one specimen holder at the same time, thereby observing each specimens. The present invention is a specimen holder having a specimen holder movement mechanism for driving the specimen holder, wherein the specimen holder movement mechanism makes it possible to move the specimen holder approximately along the longer side of the specimen holder. In a preferred embodiment of the specimen holder according to the present invention, the specimen holder is characterized in that the specimen holder movement mechanism makes it possible to vary an insertion depth of the specimen holder into a tube for holding the specimen holder, with no relation to another specimen holder movement mechanism set for driving the specimen holder approximately along the longer side of the specimen holder. |
| US08148697B2 |
Implementation of colored wavelength shifters in phoswich detectors
A phoswich device for determining depth of interaction (DOI) includes a first scintillator having a first scintillation decay time characteristic, a second scintillator having a second scintillation decay time characteristic substantially equal to the first scintillation decay time, a photodetector coupled to the second scintillator, and a wavelength shifting layer coupled between the first scintillator and the second scintillator, wherein the wavelength shifting layer modifies the first scintillation decay time characteristic of the first scintillator to enable the photodetector to differentiate between the first decay time characteristic and the second decay time characteristic. The phoswich device is particularly applicable to positron emission tomography (PET) applications. |
| US08148696B2 |
Single-use external dosimeters for use in radiation therapies and related devices and computer program products
Methods, systems, devices, and computer program products include positioning disposable single-use radiation sensor patches that have adhesive means onto the skin of a patient to evaluate the radiation dose delivered during a treatment session. The sensor patches are configured to be minimally obtrusive and operate without the use of externally extending power chords or lead wires. |
| US08148690B2 |
Method and apparatus for on-line web property measurement
Web measurement system monitors properties of a web during manufacture without chopping measuring radiation during web measurement. A single chop is performed at each sheet edge or every nth sheet edge to measure edge temperature and edge thermal radiation for correction for Planckian radiation. Correction factors, including Planckian radiation correction factors, are derived for each point in a web profile. The measuring system also enables derivation of correction factors during operation in a single point and similar machine operating modes. |
| US08148686B2 |
Sensing arrangement
The invention relates to an arrangement for sensing ambient conditions in electric equipment. These conditions may include verification of the user, the location of the equipment and various properties of the environment. The invention is preferably applied in mobile terminals. One idea of the invention is to provide a sensor arrangement with a substrate (663) that forms at least part of a sensor, and also serves as a substrate for other sensors (695-698). The substrate is preferably flexible so that it can be formed in a shape which is follows the shape of the device cover. The invention also describes a way to create two- or three-dimensional electrode structures that can be used to optimize the performance of the sensor. When the surface structure is designed to follow the shape of a finger, a very small pressure is required when sliding the finger along the sensor surface. This way the use of the sensor is ergonomic and the measurement is made very reliable. |
| US08148682B2 |
Method and apparatus for pattern position and overlay measurement
Systems and methods using imaged device patterns to measure overlay between different layers in a semiconductor manufacturing process, such as a double-patterning process. Images of pattern features are acquired by scanning electron microscopy. The position of a patterning layer is determined using positions of pattern features for the patterning layer in the images. A relative position of each patterning layer with respect to other pattern features or patterning layers is determined in vector form based on the determined pattern positions. Overlay error is determined based on a comparison of the relative position with reference values from design or simulation. Overlay can be measured with high precision and accuracy by utilizing pattern symmetry. |
| US08148678B2 |
Systems and methods for reducing noise from mass spectra
Systems and methods for reducing background noise in a mass spectrum. The method includes the following steps of: (a) obtaining an original mass spectrum; (b) determining a noise mass spectrum corresponding to background noise in the original mass spectrum; and (c) determining a corrected mass spectrum by subtracting the noise mass spectrum from the original mass spectrum. Step (b) of the method may include the steps of: A) effecting a transformation of the original mass spectrum into the frequency domain to obtain an original frequency spectrum; B) identifying at least one dominant frequency in the original frequency spectrum; C) generating a noise frequency spectrum by selectively filtering for said dominant frequencies; and D) determining the noise mass spectrum by effecting a transformation of the noise frequency spectrum into the mass domain. Preferably for each correlated pair of original and noise intensity data points, the minimum value is determined and the noise mass spectrum is modified by making the noise intensity data point equal to the minimum value. |
| US08148676B2 |
Use of ionic matrices for maldi mass spectrometry analysis of tissue sections
The invention concerns improved methods for studying peptides/proteins expression in a tissue section or for determining at least one compound, in particular a protein, expression map in a tissue section, using ionic MALDI matrices. |
| US08148669B2 |
Apparatus and method for effectuating temperature control in roller grills
The present invention provides an apparatus and method for effectuating temperature control in roller grill assembly. Some embodiments provide a roller grill assembly which provides enhanced measurement by utilizing temperature probes located in convective air streams generated in the roller tube. Certain embodiments also provide an improved method for maintaining of a food product temperature by utilizing an intermediate holding mode. Finally, certain embodiments provide improved current control by limiting the number of heating circuits of a food heater that may be simultaneously enabled such that the current draw does not exceed a maximum current draw. |
| US08148664B2 |
Glow plug and manufacturing method of the same
A sheath heater for a glow plug comprises a sheath tube having a closed front end portion, and an open rear end portion. An insulating powder is charged into a gap between the sheath tube and a heat-generating resistor disposed within the sheath tube. A seal member includes an expanded portion extending radially outwardly from an outer circumference of the seal member, and a non-expanded portion of a smaller outside diameter than the expanded portion and formed on the outer circumference of the seal member at least at a leading end of the seal member. The seal member is fitted into the open rear end portion of the sheath tube such that the leading end enters the sheath tube first. The sheath tube is deformed radially inwardly around the seal member for sealing the heat-generating resistor and the insulating powder contained in the sheath tube. |
| US08148662B2 |
Method and device for robot-aided remote laser welding with simplified control of focusing direction of laser beam
Device for remote laser welding of metal sheet structures comprises an anthropomorphous robot onto whose wrist is mounted an accessory device carrying a focusing head for the laser beam coming from a laser source, as well as means for oscillating the pointing direction of the focused laser beam around one oscillation axis. During welding the robot shifts the accessory device along a given trajectory and at a given speed, while the pointing direction of the focused beam is oscillated to as to allow the area of structure that is lighted by the laser beam to shift at a speed and/or along a trajectory not depending directly on the shifting trajectory and speed of the accessory device carried by the robot. |
| US08148654B2 |
Medium-voltage or high-voltage switching or control device, in particular a switchgear assembly
A switchgear assembly is disclosed wherein to combine individual functions to form a standardized unit, without deviating from known technology, electrical cabling between the electrical functional components of the switchgear assembly can be replaced by a wiring in a box. The electrical components can each be connected directly to the box by a bundle of bound cables. Another embodiment includes a coding plug for being plugged from the exterior. |
| US08148649B2 |
Lead-through
The present invention concerns a lead-through, especially a cabinet lead-through used in connection with dishwashers. The lead-through has two parts, a body and a cover. Both the body and the cover have part openings forming cylindrical openings when the cover is received on the body. The cylindrical openings formed may e.g. receive tubes for water and wastewater and an electric cable. |
| US08148647B2 |
Printed circuit board and method of manufacturing the same
An object of the invention is to provide a printed circuit board that has an excellent heat dissipation performance and excellent reliability, and its manufacturing method. The printed circuit board includes: prepregs (2a) and (2b) being cured after each covering the surfaces of a metal plate (1) provided with first throughholes (1a) therein and the inner walls of the first throughholes (1a); prepregs (4a) and (4b) being cured after glass clothes (3a) and (3b) are sandwiched between the prepregs (2a) and (2b), and the prepregs (4a) and (4b), respectively; and second throughholes (8) that connect wiring layers (7a) and (7c), and (7b) and (7d) provided on both surfaces of prepregs (6a) and (6b), respectively. The prepregs (2a) and (2b) and the prepregs (4a) and (4b) are characterized in that they contain inorganic filler. Furthermore, the prepregs (2a) and (2b) and the prepregs (4a) and (4b) may contain elastomer. |
| US08148646B2 |
Process of positioning groups of contact structures
A contact apparatus can be made by providing a first substrate with electrically conductive terminals and second substrates each of which can have contact structures. Each of the contact structures can have a contact tip. The second substrates can be aligned such that contact tips of the contact structures are aligned substantially in a plane. An optical system can be used to monitor an actual position of the second substrates, and a mechanical system can be used to move the second substrates to aligned positions. The contact structures can be attached to ones of the terminals on the first substrate while the second substrates are in the aligned positions. |
| US08148645B2 |
Wiring substrate and method of manufacturing the same
A wiring substrate and method of forming a wiring substrate. The wiring substrate includes a base substrate, a first resin insulating layer provided on the base substrate and a laminated capacitor formed within the first resin insulating layer. The laminated capacitor includes a plurality of capacitors laminated to each other by adhesive, each capacitor including a first electrode, a second electrode opposing the first electrode and a dielectric layer interposed between the first and second electrodes. A first via conductor electrically connects the first electrodes of the plurality of capacitors to each other, and a second via conductor electrically connects the second electrodes of the plurality of capacitors to each other. A first external terminal electrically connects to the first via conductor, and a second external terminal electrically connects to the second via conductor. |
| US08148642B2 |
Printed circuit board and method for fabricating a printed circuit board
A printed circuit board has a first main side and a second main side disposed opposite the first main side. A first and a second rigid zone are linked to each other by way of a flexible zone and the flexible zone is embodied thinner than the first and second rigid zones perpendicular to the first and second main sides. The flexible zone has at least one metallization layer and at least one substrate layer formed of an insulating material and connected to the at least one metallization layer. The substrate layer is formed with a plurality of trenches which in each case extend at the most up to one of the one or more metallization layers. |
| US08148628B2 |
Solar cell receiver for concentrator modules
A solar cell receiver comprising a III-V compound semiconductor solar cell and a diode mounted on a board including a connector for electrically connecting to adjacent receivers. The diode is connected in parallel with the solar cell, for reverse biasing the diode against conductivity during operation of the solar cell in generating solar energy, and the diode is operative to provide a current bypassing the solar cell when the solar cell is damaged or shadowed. The diode has a pair of electrical connector terminals for electrical connection to the solar cell. The connector includes a first receiving section adapted for receiving a first electrical conductor to connect the receiver to adjacent receivers. |
| US08148626B2 |
Integrated thin-film solar cell and method of manufacturing the same
Provided are an integrated thin-film solar cell and a method of manufacturing the same. The method comprises forming and patterning a conductive material to be adjacently spaced a predetermined distance apart from each other on a substrate; forming a solar cell (semiconductor) layer on the resultant substrate; obliquely depositing a first transparent conductive material on the solar cell layer; etching the solar cell layer using the first transparent conductive material as a mask; and obliquely depositing a second transparent conductive material on the resultant substrate, and electrically connecting the conductive material with the first transparent conductive material. |
| US08148624B2 |
Acoustic guitar control unit
A control unit for a musical instrument having a keypad and/or touch pad areas for controlling a signal processing unit. The control unit is preferably formed in a thin and elastic layered structure whereby touching electrode surfaces of the structure generates a charge, voltage or capacitance that is subsequently processed. The control unit includes a surface element, whereby settings and values of the signal processing unit can be changed and controlled by a user applying physical contact to the surface element. A user control device is further coupled to the control unit, and is operable under at least two forms of operation, and wherein the user control device is configured to (1) select an acoustic parameters and (2) adjust the selected acoustic parameter. |
| US08148622B2 |
Media playback queuing for playback management
Management or coordination of playback of digital media assets by an electronic device (e.g., a computing device), that supports media playback is disclosed. According to one embodiment, the electronic device can be controlled such that a user is able to schedule playback of distinct digital media assets. |
| US08148618B1 |
Pneumatic drum tuning device, system and method
A drum tune adjustment system is provided for adjusting the pitch of a drum having a shell, a batter head, a resonant head, and a cavity formed therewithin. The drum tune adjustment system includes an air pump or air source, and a conduit fluidly connected with the air pump or air source. The system further includes a connector that is configured to attach the conduit to the shell of the drum such that the cavity of the drum is fluidly connected with the air pump or air source via the conduit. The system further includes a pedal that is configured to actuate the air pump or open a valve that is fluidly connected with the air source and thereby move a mass of air between the air pump or air source and the cavity of the drum when the conduit is attached to the drum with the connector. |
| US08148616B1 |
Maize variety hybrid 10096210
A novel maize variety designated 10096210 and seed, plants and plant parts thereof, produced by crossing Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. proprietary inbred maize varieties. Methods for producing a maize plant that comprises crossing maize variety 10096210 with another maize plant. Methods for producing a maize plant containing in its genetic material one or more traits introgressed into 10096210 through backcross conversion and/or transformation, and to the maize seed, plant and plant part produced thereby. This invention relates to the maize variety 10096210, the seed, the plant produced from the seed, and variants, mutants, and minor modifications of maize variety 10096210. This invention further relates to methods for producing maize varieties derived from maize variety 10096210. |
| US08148615B1 |
Maize variety PHV92
A novel maize variety designated PHV92 and seed, plants and plant parts thereof. Methods for producing a maize plant that comprise crossing maize variety PHV92 with another maize plant. Methods for producing a maize plant containing in its genetic material one or more traits introgressed into PHV92 through backcross conversion and/or transformation, and to the maize seed, plant and plant part produced thereby. Hybrid maize seed, plant or plant part produced by crossing the variety PHV92 or a trait conversion of PHV92 with another maize variety. Inbred maize varieties derived from maize variety PHV92, methods for producing other inbred maize varieties derived from maize variety PHV92 and the inbred maize varieties and their parts derived by the use of those methods. |
| US08148612B1 |
Soybean cultivar 04KG128407
The present invention is in the field of soybean cultivar 04KG128407 breeding and development. The present invention particularly relates to the soybean cultivar 04KG128407 and its progeny, and methods of making 04KG128407. |
| US08148609B2 |
Uses for Yerba Santa
Methods of in vitro propagation of plants of the genus Eriodictyon are described, including, in particular embodiments, plants of the species E. californicum, E. trichocalyx and E. sessilifolium. Methods of producing transgenic plants of the genus Eriodictyon are also described, along with methods of producing recombinant proteins in such plants. Compositions and methods for administering recombinant proteins produced in these plants are also described. |
| US08148606B2 |
Plant body with modified program related to accumulation of storage material and the use thereof
The object of the invention is to provide a plant body in which the program for accumulating storage products has been modified, and applications of the same. In the invention, the plant body is constructed so as to have a B3 DNA-binding domain and an EAR motif, and so as to be capable of repressing the expression of two or more genes which code for two or more proteins having a sugar-inducible promotor function-suppressing activity. |
| US08148605B2 |
Biological systems input-output response system and plant sentinels
A eukaryotic input circuit: computationally designed receptors, synthetic eukaryotic signal transduction pathways, and a synthetic signal sensitive promoter that allow highly specific transcriptional induction in response to an externally provided ligand is disclosed. The input circuit is able to specifically bind a targeted substance and transmit a signal to the nucleus where transcription of a gene is activated. An output circuit serves as a simple readout system of the substance detected by the input circuit. The readout circuit exemplified here is a degreening circuit which causes plants to turn white. Activation of the degreening circuit can be detected by eye, or remotely with a variety of machines (hand-held, aircraft or satellite based) and is also resettable. When linked the input circuit if operably linked to the output circuit, produces a functional plant detector. |
| US08148602B2 |
Diacylglycerol acyltransferases from flax
The invention relates to isolated diacylglycerol acyltransferases and polynucleotide sequences encoding the DGAT enzymes; polynucleotide constructs, vectors and host cells incorporating the polynucleotide sequences; and methods of producing and using same. Also provided are transformed cells and transgenic plants, especially Camelina sativa plant, with enhanced oil accumulation and quality. |
| US08148598B2 |
Method of making an absorbent composite and absorbent articles employing the same
A method of making an absorbent composite that includes a first fabric, a second fabric, and particles positioned between the two fabrics and absorbent articles made from the absorbent composite. The particles are secured between the two fabric using adhesive, thermal plastic or combinations thereof. The fabrics are bonded together in a manner that limits particle movement between the fabrics. The bond pattern may define pockets or other shapes. In applications in which the bond pattern forms pockets, the particles may be positioned in the pockets. The particles may be SAP particles or other particles with advantageous properties. |
| US08148596B2 |
Wound treatment apparatus
A wound treatment apparatus is disclosed, which comprises: a first portion, a second portion and a porous matrix. In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the first portion, being an adhesive film, is formed with at least a first hole; and the second portion, being made of a flexible, water-resistant material, is formed with at least a second hole and at least a third hole in a manner that the at least one second hole and the at least one third hole are capable of communicating with each other and thus causes an accommodation space to be formed inside the second portion while the at least one second hole is arranged at a position corresponding to the at least one first hole as the second portion is connected to the first portion. Moreover, the porous matrix is received inside the accommodation space of the second portion. |
| US08148595B2 |
Breathable interface system for topical reduced pressure
A reduced pressure tissue treatment system includes an applicator having an aperture, a first pad section, and a second pad section substantially covering the aperture and positioned substantially adjacent the first pad section. A fabric layer is located at least partially between the second pad section and the drape, and the fabric layer includes a woven or non-woven fabric made from a fiber material. A drape substantially covers the first pad section, the second pad section, the fabric layer, and the applicator. A reduced pressure source is in fluid communication with at least one of the first pad section and the fabric layer for providing reduced pressure to the aperture. |
| US08148594B2 |
Process for treating radioactive waste water to prevent overloading demineralizer systems
A process and system for treating waste water containing contaminants to prevent excessive accumulation on demineralizer media of a driver contaminate capable of such accumulation before another contaminant can reach a predetermined level of accumulation. The waste water is treated upstream of the demineralizer media with removal means for specifically removing the driver contaminant while leaving the other contaminant for subsequent removal by the demineralizer media. The amount of accumulation on the demineralizer media of the other contaminant is monitored, and the supplying of treated waste water to the demineralizer media is terminated when its accumulation reaches the predetermined level. |
| US08148593B2 |
Process for hydrocarbon conversion with on-line solid particulate material removal
This invention relates to a process for converting a hydrocarbon feedstock, comprising the steps of (A) feeding the feedstock to a reactor or adsorption unit; (B) contacting the feedstock in the reactor or adsorption unit with a solid particulate material useful for converting the feedstock under conversion conditions; (C) withdrawing converted feedstock from the reactor; and (D) removing, under the conversion conditions for a fractional time of step (B), at least a portion of the solid particulate material while the feedstock is being fed to the reactor or adsorption unit, wherein the portion is more than 0.1 wt. % of the solid particulate material in the reactor or adsorption unit and wherein the fractional time is less than 95% of the time of step (B). |
| US08148591B2 |
Method of making a synthetic alkylaryl compound
A process for alkylating an aromatic compound comprising reacting at least one aromatic compound with a mixture of olefins having from about 8 to about 100 carbon atoms, in the presence of a strong acid catalyst wherein the resulting product comprises at least about 60 weight percent of a 1,2,4 tri-alkylsubstituted aromatic compound. |
| US08148589B2 |
Reactive distillation with olefin recycle
Process for producing alkene(s) from a feedstock containing at least one monohydric aliphatic paraffinic primary (or secondary) alcohol(s), consisting of ethanol or propanol(s) or a mixture thereof. The process includes the steps of converting the monohydric aliphatic paraffinic primary (or secondary) alcohol(s) into the corresponding same carbon number alkene(s) in a reactive distillation column at elevated pressure and temperature so that the heads stream extracted from the top of the reactive distillation column comprises essentially the alkene(s), cooling the heads stream from the first step to a temperature sufficient to condense at least part of the alkene(s) with the highest boiling point, recycling at least part of the condensed alkene(s) from the second step back into the reactive distillation column, as a reflux return, and simultaneously recovering the remaining alkene(s). |
| US08148588B2 |
Process for preparing polyolefins in suspension
The invention relates to a continuous process for preparing polyolefins having a bimodal or multimodal molar mass distribution in suspension in at least two reactors R1, R2.x, R3.y which are connected in series and in which different reaction conditions are set. In this process, the offgases A1, A2.x, A3.y, A4 and A5 leaving all the reactors connected in series are firstly collected, the collected offgases are then compressed in a compression stage 10, the compressed offgases are subsequently cooled and the cooled material is separated into a gaseous fraction and a liquid fraction. The separated fractions are then recirculated to the polymerization process at different points. The process of the invention allows the total conversion of the polymerization, based on monomer and comonomer used, to be increased to a surprising extent. |
| US08148587B2 |
Method for producing light olefins from methanol or/and dimethyl ether
The present invention provides a method for producing Lower olefin from the feed of methanol or/and dimethyl ether, characterized in that methanol or/and dimethyl ether are divided proportionally to be fed at 3 reaction zones; and the desired distribution of the olefin product is obtained by modulating the feeding ratio among the 3 reaction zones and the reaction conditions in each reaction zone. |
| US08148585B2 |
Fluoroolefin iodide mixture and method for producing the same
Disclosed is a mixture of fluoroolefin iodides represented by the general formulae: CnF2n+1CF2CH═CF(CF2CF2)mI [Ia] and CnF2n+1CF═CHCF2(CF2CF2)mI [Ib] wherein n is an integer of 0 to 5, and m is an integer of 1 to 3. The fluoroolefin iodide mixture is produced by subjecting a fluoroalkyl iodide represented by the general formula: CnF2n+1CF2CH2CF2(CF2CF2)mI [II] wherein n is an integer of 0 to 5, and m is an integer of 1 to 3, to an HF-elimination reaction in the presence of a basic compound. |
| US08148583B2 |
Feed gas contaminant removal in ion transport membrane systems
An oxygen ion transport membrane process wherein a heated oxygen-containing gas having one or more contaminants is contacted with a reactive solid material to remove the one or more contaminants. The reactive solid material is provided as a deposit on a support. The one or more contaminant compounds in the heated oxygen-containing gas react with the reactive solid material. The contaminant-depleted oxygen-containing gas is contacted with a membrane, and oxygen is transported through the membrane to provide transported oxygen. |
| US08148578B2 |
Fast acting naratriptan composition
The present invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions containing Naratriptan, a compound selected from the group consisting of 2-HPOD, 2-HPHM, 4-PPED, 4-BPED and 2-PPED, and optionally, a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient. |
| US08148576B2 |
Solid state forms of aliskiren compounds
The invention relates to solid states of pharmaceutically acceptable compounds of aliskiren, and processes for preparation thereof. The invention further provides pharmaceutical formulations comprising the amorphous or crystalline forms of pharmaceutically acceptable compounds of aliskiren and processes thereof; and a method of inhibiting renin for treating hypertension. |
| US08148574B2 |
Method for producing 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride
A method for producing crystals of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride wherein, in carrying out adsorption of 5-aminolevulinic acid contained in a crude 5-aminolevulinic acid solution by a cation exchange resin and its subsequent desorption with an aqueous solution containing ammonium ion, a high purity 5-aminolevulinic acid aqueous solution is obtained using a change in electric conductivity or pH of the desorption liquid as the index, and chloride ion is added to the aqueous solution which is then mixed with an organic solvent. |
| US08148573B2 |
Polyfluoralkane carboxylic acid (or its salt) and process for producing the same
A polyfluoroalkane carboxylic acid represented by the following general formula: CnF2n+1(CH2CF2)m(CF2CF2)l−1CF2COOM (M: an alkali metal, a NH4 group or H; n: an integer of 1 to 6; m: an integer of 1 to 4; and l: 1 or 2) can be produced by hydrolysis reaction of polyfluoroalkane carboxylic acid fluoride represented by the following general formula: CnF2n+1(CH2CF2)m(CF2CF2)l−1CF2COF, where its carboxylic acid salt can be formed as an alkali metal salt, or a NH4 salt. The polyfluoroalkane carboxylic acid (or its salt) can act as a surfactant having distinguished monomer emulsifiability and latex stability when used as an emulsifying agent or as a dispersing agent for polymerization reaction of fluorine-containing monomers, or as an effective surfactant capable of enhancing the micelles solubility of fluorine-containing monomers such as vinylidene fluoride, etc., when used as an emulsifying agent or a dispersing agent for homopolymerization or copolymerization reaction of vinylidene fluoride. |
| US08148572B2 |
Compounds
The invention relates to substituted phenylacetic acids as useful pharmaceutical compounds for treating respiratory disorders, pharmaceutical compositions containing them, and processes for their preparation. |
| US08148569B1 |
Guerbet citrate polyesters
The present invention has as its objective a series of citrate polyesters that have based upon guerbet alcohols reacted with citric acid, and crosslinked by diols. These polymers have a very low viscosity when one considers the molecular weight, and are ideally suited to personal care applications due to their unique feel. |
| US08148567B2 |
Process for producing urethane (meth)acrylate
An object of the present invention is to provide a process for producing a urethane (meth)acrylate safely with good productivity, and for achieving the object, the invention provides a process for continuously producing a urethane (meth)acrylate, containing causing a mixed liquid of a compound (A) having a hydroxyl group and a (meth)acryloyl group and a compound (B) having an isocyanate group to pass continuously and densely through a tubular microchannel formed in a heat-conducting reaction device, and reacting the hydroxyl group of the compound (A) with the isocyanate group of the compound (B), in which the tubular microchannel in the reaction device has a space size making a fluid cross-sectional area, through which the mixed liquid passes densely, of from 0.1 to 4.0 mm2, and the process contains heating the heat-conducting reaction device to a temperature of from 100 to 250° C., reacting the mixed liquid to provide a Reynolds number of a reaction liquid passing through the tubular microchannel in a range of from 0.2 to 300, and after completing reaction, cooling continuously a reaction product discharged from the heat-conducting reaction device. |
| US08148560B2 |
Vaginal tablets comprising misoprostol and methods of making and using the same
The present invention is directed to vaginal tablets comprising misoprostol and a pharmaceutically acceptable pH insensitive, hydrophilic cellulose material, wherein the vaginal tablets do not contain a hydrophobic release controlling agent, and wherein the misoprostol and the pharmaceutically acceptable pH insensitive, hydrophilic cellulose material are in a ratio of about 1:50 to about 1:800, and wherein the vaginal tablets do not substantially change the pH of a vaginal tract. |
| US08148558B2 |
Method of producing tibolone metabolites by fermentation with Fusarium lini
Method of producing Δ4-Tibolone by contacting tibolone with Fusarium lini (ATCC 9593) is reported. |
| US08148554B2 |
Methods and compositions for use in treating cancer
The invention provides methods and compositions for use in treating diseases associated with excessive cellular proliferation, such as cancer, and intermediates for the synthesis of such compositions. |
| US08148552B2 |
Process for the synthesis of anticancer (poly) aminoalkylaminoacetamide derivatives of epipodophyllotoxin
The present invention describes a new process for the preparation of (poly)aminoalkylaminoacetamide compounds of epipodophyllotoxin useful for their applications in therapeutics as anticancer agents. This process comprises a step of condensation of a primary-amine-containing reactant, whose amine functions are not protected, with β-chloroacetamido-4′-epipodophyllotoxin in a polar aprotic organic solvent. |
| US08148549B2 |
Preparation of (S)-(+)-N-methyl-3-(1-naphthyloxy)-3-(2-thienyl) propylamine using optically active methylhydroxylaminopropanol compound as an intermediate
The present invention provides a (S)-methylhydroxylaminopropanol derivative as an intermediate for preparation of (S)-(+)-N-methyl-3-methyl-3-(1-naphthyloxy)-3-(2-thienyl)propylamine. The present invention also provides a process for preparing (S)-(+)-N-methyl-3-methyl-3-(1-naphthyloxy)-3-(2-thienyl)propylamine with higher yield and lower cost, wherein the (S)-methylhydroxylaminopropanol derivative is used as an intermediate. |
| US08148548B2 |
Heterocyclic fused selenophene monomers
A heterocyclic fused selenophenes and a method of making a heterocyclic fused selenophenes of formula (1): wherein X is S or Se, Y is S or Se, wherein one or both of X and Y is Se, R is a substituent group. The monomer being capable of polymerization to form an electrically conductive polymer or oligomer. |
| US08148547B2 |
C-substituted diindolylmethane compositions and methods for the treatment of multiple cancers
The present embodiment of the invention is generally directed to compositions comprising suspensions of poorly water soluble compounds recrystallized in nanoparticulate sizes ranging from 0.1 to 5 μm. In addition, the embodiment of the invention is directed to methods for preparation and administration of these compositions to a patient for prevention and treatment of disease states. In particular, the embodiment of the invention is directed to compositions comprising suspensions of poorly water-soluble compounds, such as antimitotics and antibiotics, in nanoparticulates and methods of prevention and treatment of chronic disease states, such as cancer, by intraperitoneal and intravenous administration of such compositions. |
| US08148539B2 |
Cyanine dye labelling reagents
Disclosed are cyanine dyes that are useful for labelling and detecting biological and other materials. The dyes are of formula (I): in which groups R3 and R4 are attached to the Z1 ring structure and groups R5 and R6 are attached to the Z2 ring structure, and n=1, 2 or 3; Z1 and Z2 independently represent the carbon atoms necessary to complete a one ring, or two-fused ring aromatic system; at least one of groups R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 and R7 is the group -E-F where E is a single bond or a spacer group and F is a target bonding group; one or more of groups R11, R12, R13 and R14 are independently selected from the group —(CH2)k—W, where W is sulphonic acid or phosphonic acid and k is an integer from 1 to 10. The dyes may be used in fluorescence labelling applications, where the presence of one and preferably multiple water solubilizing groups attached to the 3-position of the indolinium ring reduces dye-dye interactions, and hence dye-dye quenching, particularly where multiple dye molecules are attached to components such as nucleic acids, oligonucleotides, proteins and antibodies. |
| US08148538B2 |
N-alkyl-heterocyclyl carboxamide derivatives
A compound of general formula (I): A process for preparing this compound.A compound of general formula (II) A fungicide composition comprising a compound of general formula (I).A method for treating plants by applying a compound of general formula (I) or a composition comprising it. |
| US08148537B2 |
Substituted acetophenones useful as PDE4 inhibitors
The present invention relates to a compound according to formula: (I); wherein X1, X2, X3, X4 and X5 independently of each other represent —CH— or N; or X3, X4 and X5 independently of each other represent —CH— or N, and Xi and X2 independently of each other represent C and form part of an additional 6-membered aromatic ring; R1 represents hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, or alkylcarbonyl, all of which are optionally substituted; R2 and R3 independently represent hydrogen, —CH2—C(O)NR—R′, alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, alkynyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, heterocycloalkenyl, alkylaryl, alkylalkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy, or alkoxyalkyl, all of which are optionally substituted; R11 represents hydrogen, halogen, cyano, amino, alkoxy or alkylamino, X1-X5 represent —CH— or N, including N-oxides, enantiomers and diastereomers; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, hydrates, or solvates thereof. The invention relates further to processes for the preparation of said compounds, to said compounds for use in therapy, to pharmaceutical compositions comprising said compounds, to methods of treating diseases, e.g. dermal diseases, with said compounds, and to the use of said compounds in the manufacture of medicaments. |
| US08148535B2 |
Potassium channel inhibitors
The present invention relates to compounds having the structure useful as potassium channel inhibitors to treat cardiac arrhythmias, and the like. |
| US08148534B2 |
Inhibitors of 11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1
The present invention discloses novel compounds of Formula I: (I) possessing 11β-HSD type 1 antagonist activity, as well as methods for preparing such compounds. In another embodiment, the invention discloses pharmaceutical compositions comprising compounds of Formula I, as well as methods of using the compounds and compositions to treat diabetes, hyperglycemia, obesity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, metabolic syndrome, cognitive disorders, and other conditions associated with 11β-HSD type 1 activity. |
| US08148532B2 |
Spiro substituted compounds as angiogenesis inhibitors
The present invention relates to compound of Formula I, processes for their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions containing them as active ingredient, methods for the treatment of disease states associated with angiogenesis, such as cancers associated with protein tyrosine kinases, to their use as medicaments for use in the production of inhibition of tyrosine kinases reducing effects in warm-blooded animals such as humans. |
| US08148530B2 |
Process for the preparation of 3.7-diazabicyclo[3.3.1] nonane compounds
The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of 3,7-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane compounds. According to the invention, in a first step, a dicarboxylic acid ester is reacted with a pyridine aldehyde and a primary amine. The piperidone which forms is reacted in a second stage with formaldehyde and a further primary amine. It is essential to the invention that, in the first reaction stage, a C2-C4-alcohol is used as solvent and, in the second reaction stage, a C3-C4-alcohol is used as solvent. |
| US08148529B2 |
Pyrrolo[3,2-C] pyridine derivatives and processes for the preparation thereof
The present invention provides novel pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridine derivatives or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, processes for the preparation thereof, and compositions comprising the same. The pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridine derivatives or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof of the present invention have excellent proton pump inhibition effects and possess the ability to attain a reversible proton pump inhibitory effect. |
| US08148527B1 |
Resolution of 1-(4-methoxybenzyl)-octahydro-isoquinoline
The resolution of racemic 1-(4-methoxybenzyl)-octahydro-isoquinoline, a key intermediate in the synthesis of the antitussive agent dextromethorphan, is reported using (R)-2-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl) propionic acid in good yields. The resolving agent and the undesired isomer of the octahydro-isoquinoline have been recovered in good yield. |
| US08148523B2 |
Intermediates useful in preparing certain pyrrolotriazine compounds and a process for making the intermediates
The invention relates to 4-chloro-2-iodopyrrolo[1,2-f][1,2,4]triazine, which is an intermediate useful in preparing 2,4-disubstituted pyrrolotriazine compounds, and a process for preparing said intermediate. |
| US08148519B2 |
Porphyrin-based photosensitizer dyes for dye-sensitized solar cells
The embodiments described herein relate to photosensitizer dyes for dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) devices. In one example, a series of photosensitizer dyes for DSSC devices that have a high absorption coefficient and conversion efficiency, lower cost and better safety, are provided. The photosensitizer dyes are porphyrin-based zinc (Zn) complexes. |
| US08148516B2 |
Flowcell systems for single molecule detection
The present invention provides compounds, methods and systems for sequencing nucleic acid using single molecule detection. Using labeled NPs that exhibit charge-switching behavior, single-molecule DNA sequencing in a microchannel sorting system is realized. In operation, sequencing products are detected enabling real-time sequencing as successive detectable moieties flow through a detection channel. By electrically sorting charged molecules, the cleaved product molecules are detected in isolation without interference from unincorporated NPs and without illuminating the polymerase-DNA complex. |
| US08148515B1 |
Detection using a dye and a dye modifier
The present invention relates to dyes in general. The present invention provides a wide range of dyes and kits containing the same, which are applicable for labeling a variety of biomolecules such as nucleic acids, cells and microorganisms. The present invention also provides various methods of using the dyes for research and development, forensic identification, environmental studies, diagnosis, prognosis, and/or treatment of disease conditions. |
| US08148510B2 |
Antifungal polypeptides
Compositions and methods for protecting a plant from a pathogen, particularly a fungal pathogen, are provided. Compositions include novel amino acid sequences, and variants and fragments thereof, for antipathogenic polypeptides that were isolated from microbial fermentation broths. Nucleic acid molecules comprising nucleotide sequences that encode the antipathogenic polypeptides of the invention are also provided. A method for inducing pathogen resistance in a plant using the nucleotide sequences disclosed herein is further provided. The method comprises introducing into a plant an expression cassette comprising a promoter operably linked to a nucleotide sequence that encodes an antipathogenic polypeptide of the invention. Compositions comprising an antipathogenic polypeptide or a transformed microorganism comprising a nucleic acid of the invention in combination with a carrier and methods of using these compositions to protect a plant from a pathogen are further provided. Transformed plants, plant cells, seeds, and microorganisms comprising a nucleotide sequence that encodes an antipathogenic polypeptide of the invention, or variant or fragment thereof, are also disclosed. |
| US08148509B2 |
Transgene delivering retrovirus targeting collagen exposed at site of tissue injury
A viral or non-viral vector particle having a modified viral surface protein wherein the viral surface protein is modified to include a targeting polypeptide including a binding region which binds to an extracellular matrix component. Such vector particles are useful in delivering genes encoding therapeutic agents to cells located at the site of an exposed extracellular matrix component. |
| US08148508B2 |
Method for enzymatic production of GLP-2(1-33) and GLP-2(1-34) peptides
The invention provides methods for making peptides from a polypeptide containing at least one copy of the peptide using clostripain to excise the peptide from the polypeptide. The methods enable the use of a single, highly efficient enzymatic cleavage to produce any desired peptide sequence. |
| US08148505B2 |
Method of α-selective glycosylation
An α-selective glycosylation process of a glycosylation reaction between a sugar structure of hexose or an aldose having a chain with six or more carbon atoms in the molecule, which is a monosaccharide or a reducing end of an oligosaccharide with two or more monosaccharide residues connected by glycosidic linkages (an oligosaccharide with two monosaccharide residues is disaccharide) (also referred to as “a disaccharide to an oligosaccharide”) or a sugar chain and alcoholic hydroxyl group or thiol group, to obtain a sugar structure glycoside containing α-glycoside at a high ratio, under the ring-shaped formation of a protective group in a silyl acetal structure over hydroxyl groups at positions 4 and 6 in the sugar structure.By the process, highly selective α-glycosylation of sugar structure can be progressed in a simple and efficient manner. |
| US08148504B2 |
Aminoglycoside antibiotics
This invention relates to novel aminoglycoside antibiotics, which have potent antimicrobial activity against bacteria, which induce infectious diseases, particularly MRSA, and has no significant nephrotoxicity, and process for producing them. More particularly, the present invention relates to compounds represented by formula (Ia) or their pharmacologically acceptable salts or solvates, or their diastereomer mixtures, antimicrobial agents comprising them, and a process for producing them. |
| US08148498B2 |
DKK-1 antibodies
The invention provides human engineered antibodies, antigen-binding fragments thereof, that bind to, and inhibit the activity of, human DKK-1, and which are effective in treating diseases in which pathogenesis is mediated by DKK-1. |
| US08148497B2 |
Binding molecules capable of neutralizing rabies virus and uses thereof
The invention provides binding molecules that specifically bind to rabies virus and are capable of neutralizing the virus. The invention further provides nucleic acid molecules encoding the binding molecules, compositions comprising the binding molecules and methods of identifying or producing the binding molecules. The binding molecules can be used in the diagnosis, prophylaxis and/or treatment of a condition resulting from rabies virus. Preferably, they can be used in the post-exposure prophylaxis of rabies. |
| US08148492B2 |
Synthetic pulmonary surfactant peptides
The present invention is directed to a reconstituted surfactant comprising a lipid carrier, a polypeptide analog of the native surfactant protein SP-C, and a polypeptide analog of the native surfactant protein SP-B. The invention is also directed to the pharmaceutical compositions thereof and to a use thereof in the treatment or prophylaxis of RDS and other respiratory disorders. |
| US08148491B2 |
Preparation of polytrimthylene ether glycol or copolymers thereof
This invention relates to a process for preparing polytrimethylene ether glycols or copolymers thereof by a polycondensation reaction using at least one acid catalyst, wherein the temperature of the reaction is controlled such that the average temperature during the first half of the reaction is higher than the average temperature during the second half of the reaction. |
| US08148489B2 |
Thermoplastic resins containing PBT units, having reduced organic carbon emissions
A method for reducing organic carbon emissions from PBT-block-containing resins is disclosed. The method involves adding a titanium-catalyst deactivating compound to the resin after polymerisation. |
| US08148484B2 |
Biocidal polymers
Norbornene-based biocidal polymers having primary, secondary or tertiary amine or phosphine end groups, the parent monomers, processes for preparing the monomers and polymers, and their use. |
| US08148480B2 |
Stirred-tank reactor and method for carrying out a polymerisation reaction using said type of stirred-tank reactor
The invention relates to a stirred-tank reactor and to a method for carrying out a polymerization reaction of unsaturated monomers using a stirred-tank reactor. According to the invention, said stirred-tank reactor is characterized in that the product discharge point is designed as the central base outlet that is at least partially traversed by the agitator shaft. Said polymerization is performed continuously under positive pressure, so that the stirred-tank reactor is operated hydrodynamically. |
| US08148475B2 |
Melt spun polyether TPU fibers having mixed polyols and process
Thermoplastic polyether polyurethane polymers are disclosed which are mixed with a crosslinking agent to achieve long run times in a melt spinning process to make elastic fibers. The crosslinking agent is preferably a polyether or polyester polyol reacted with a diisocyanate. A melt spinning process is also disclosed using a polyether polyurethane with a crosslinking agent. Long melt spinning run times can be achieved without experiencing excessive pressure buildup in the spinneret and fiber breakage. The thermoplastic polyether polyurethane polymers are made by reacting: (1) a blend of two or more hydroxyl terminated intermediates wherein one intermediate is a polyether intermediate and has a higher number average molecular weight than the other said polyether intermediates, and wherein the weighted average number average molecular weight of said blend is greater than 1200 Daltons; (2) at least one polyisocyanate; and (3) at least one hydroxyl terminated chain extender. Melt spun fibers disclosed have excellent dye pickup, bleach resistance, and color fastness. The melt spun fibers can be dyed with polyester fibers and retain excellent physical properties. |
| US08148471B2 |
Acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives with aziridinyl-epoxy crosslinking system
A pre-adhesive composition is described comprising an acid-functional (meth)acrylate copolymer and a crosslinking system comprising an aziridine crosslinking agent and epoxy-functional (meth)acryloyl monomer, which when crosslinked, provides a pressure-sensitive adhesive and pressure-sensitive adhesive articles. |
| US08148469B2 |
Fiber reinforced plastic molding material and fiber reinforced plastic molded article
Provided is a fiber reinforced plastic molding material which provides a cured product with excellent impact resistance, corrosion resistance and transparency. The fiber reinforced plastic molding material includes: a radical polymerizable resin composition containing: a vinyl ester resin (A) having a weight average molecular weight of 500 to 6,000; a urethane (meth)acrylate resin (B) obtained by reacting an isocyanate compound having two or more isocyanate groups in one molecule, a (meth)acrylic compound having one or more hydroxyl groups in one molecule and polyethylene glycol; an aliphatic amine (C) represented by the following general formula: where R1 represents a hydroxyalkyl group, R2 represents an alkyl group or a hydroxyalkyl group, and R3 represents H or CH3; a metal soap of cobalt (D); and an organic peroxide (E); and a glass fiber reinforcing material (F). |
| US08148467B2 |
Silicone-polymer-modified vulcanized-rubber compositions, processes for their production, and also windshield wipers encompassing said material
A silicone-polymer-modified vulcanized-rubber composition based on unvulcanized rubber, characterized in that the composition can be produced by co-vulcanization from the following components: A1) at least one vinyl-reactive polysiloxane component, and/or A2) at least one mercapto-reactive polysiloxane component, and B) at least one unsaturated vulcanizable unvulcanized-rubber component, and to a process for the production of said silicone-polymer-modified vulcanized-rubber composition based on unvulcanized rubber, and also to a windshield-wiper blade encompassing a silicone-polymer-modified vulcanized-rubber composition based on unvulcanized rubber. |
| US08148466B2 |
Amphoteric grafted barrier materials
Thermoplastic polymer compositions, films, containers, laminates and fibers can comprise a modified polymer. The said modified polymer having a moiety comprising a half-ester reaction product of cyclodextrin and metal and/or organic group covalently bonded to some portion of the half-acid moieties. The cyclodextrin compound, grafted to the polymer structure, can scavenge impurities, permeants, or other undesirable volatile contaminants. The cooperation between the modified polymer's carboxylic acidic groups, basic groups and grafted cyclodextrin can provide active barrier properties to a film, web, fiber or other polymer structure. A permeant or a contaminant can be complexed or trapped within the polymer and held within the film, web or fiber preventing the permeant from passing into the interior of a container, or the contaminant can be scavenged from the enclosed headspace or surrounding environment. |
| US08148465B2 |
Free-radical polymerization process
The invention relates to a process for free-radically initiated heterophase polymerization, in which the polymerization of ethylenically monomers proceeds in a phase dispersed in the continuous phase, characterized in that one or more additives which are soluble in the continuous phase and insoluble in the disperse phase and stop the polymerization of the ethylenically unsaturated monomers in the continuous phase is/are added before or during the polymerization. |
| US08148461B2 |
Latex particles having incorporated image stabilizers
A composition and method of associating stabilizer functionalities with latex particulates is provided. The composition can comprise a latex particulate configured for inclusion in an ink-jet ink to provide improved humidfastness of an image printed by the ink-jet ink, wherein the latex particulate has a molecular weight from 10,000 Mw to 10,000,000 Mw, and has a particle size from 10 nm to 2 μm; and an image stabilizer configured for improving lightfastness of the image, wherein the image stabilizer is bound to the latex particulate. The method can comprise the steps of coupling a polymerizable monomer with a stabilizing agent reactive with the polymerizable monomer, thereby forming a precursor stabilizer-containing monomer; polymerizing the precursor stabilizer-containing monomer to form a latex particulate; and decoupling the stabilizing agent from the latex particulate. |
| US08148460B2 |
Auxiliary liquid rheological medium, method for the production and use thereof
A liquid rheological aid comprising at least one urea derivative preparable which is the reaction product of at least one compound having at least one isocyanate group and at least one co-reactant selected horn primary and secondary monoamines and polyamines and water reacted in the presence of organobismuth catalyst, process for the preparation thereof and its use. |
| US08148457B2 |
Adhesive composition and film adhesive
Disclosed is an adhesive composition whose component is a polymer obtained by copolymerizing a monomer composition containing styrene, a (meth)acrylic acid ester having a cyclic structure, and an alkyl(meth)acrylate having a chain structure. The monomer composition further contains a carboxylic acid having an ethylene double bond, a bifunctional monomer, and a styrene macromonomer. The polymer has a styrene block segment. This can improve heat resistance, adhesive strength in a high temperature environment, alkaline resistance, and easiness in stripping of an adhesive composition that has been subjected to a high temperature process. As a result, there can be obtained an adhesive composition which has high heat resistance, adhesive strength in a high temperature environment, and alkali resistance, and which can be easily stripped off after the adhesive composition is processed at a high temperature. |
| US08148456B2 |
Conductive resin composition and conductive sheets comprising the same
To provide an electrically conductive resin composition with which contamination of an electronic component resulting from abrasion of an electrically conductive sheet by friction with the electronic component is small, and which is excellent in sealing properties with a cover tape.An electrically conductive resin composition comprising 100 parts by mass of a thermoplastic resin containing from 60 to 97 mass % of a polycarbonate resin and from 3 to 40 mass % of at least one hydrocarbon copolymer selected from the group consisting of an olefin copolymer and a styrene copolymer, and from 5 to 50 parts by mass of carbon black, and an electrically conductive sheet comprising the electrically conductive resin composition. Further, an electrically conductive sheet, comprising a substrate layer containing at least one thermoplastic resin selected from the group consisting of an acrylonitrile/butadiene/styrene copolymer (ABS) resin, a polycarbonate resin and a polyalkylene terephthalate resin, and a layer of the above electrically conductive resin composition formed on one side or both sides of the substrate layer. |
| US08148455B2 |
Hybrid two- and three-component host-guest nanocomposites and method for manufacturing the same
A hybrid organic-inorganic nanocomposite useful as a cathode in high discharge capacity lithium batteries is provided. The nanocomposite includes macromolecules that are located inside interlayer galleries of V2O5. These macromolecules include either conducting conjugated polymers or a combination of conducting conjugated polymers and ion conducting polymers. The nanocomposites possess high charge/discharge characteristics. A solvent-free mechanochemical method for the preparation of the hybrid organic-inorganic nanocomposites is also provided. |
| US08148452B2 |
Rubber composition for coating tire cord
The object of the present invention is provide a rubber composition for coating a tire cord, which improves adhesion with a tire cord and has an effect of recovering adhesion with a tire cord at hygrothermal aging with maintaining the initial vulcanization rate. The present invention relates to a rubber composition for coating a tire cord comprising 0.7 to 3 parts by weight of benzothiazolyl sulfenamide or benzothiazolyl sulfenimide represented by the chemical formula (1): (wherein R1 is a linear alkyl group having a branched structure of 3 to 16 carbon atoms, and R2 is a linear alkyl group having a branched structure of 3 to 16 carbon atoms or a benzothiazolyl sulfide group) and 3 to 7 parts by weight of sulfur based on 100 parts by weight of a rubber component containing at least 60% by weight of a natural rubber and/or an isoprene rubber. |
| US08148451B2 |
Production of stable water dispersion epoxy phosphate ester resins and their aqueous coating compositions
The present invention relates to novel compositions uniquely comprising combinations of different grades and/or type of epoxy resins and phosphoric acid into stable, water dispersion, epoxy phosphate ester copolymers. Aqueous thermosetting coating compositions, based on the novel epoxy phosphate ester resins, have the ability to reduce the requirements of curing temperature and time. The resultant coating films have superior protective properties, film properties, and wider applications than the conventional epoxy phosphate ester resins. |
| US08148444B2 |
Sheet formable monomer composition, heat conductive sheet and production method of the heat conductive sheet
To provide a composition useful for forming a heat conductive sheet that satisfies both high heat conductivity and sufficient softness, has sufficient cohesive strength at a surface portion of a heat conductive sheet and does not cause remaining paste and breakage of an electronic appliance when the sheet is peeled. The composition comprises (A) a photo polymerizable component consisting of a (meth)acryl type monomer or its partial polymer; (B) a heat conductive filler; (C) a photo reaction initiator for initiating the polymerization of the photo polymerizable component; and (D) a photo absorber for absorbing and removing a predetermined wavelength band from electromagnetic rays used for the polymerization of the photo polymerizable component. |
| US08148443B2 |
Oxonium and sulfonium salts
The present invention relates to oxonium salts having [(Ro)3O]+ cations and sulfonium salts having [(Ro)3S]+ cations, where Ro denotes straight-chain or branched alkyl groups having 1-8 C atoms or phenyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by Ro, ORo, N(Ro)2, CN or halogen, and anions selected from the group of [PFx(CyF2y+1−xHz)6−x]− anions, where 2≦x≦5, 1≦y≦8 and 0≦z≦2y+1, or anions selected from the group of [BFn(CN)4−n]− anions, where n=0, 1, 2 or 3, or anions selected from the group of [(Rf1SO2)2N]− anions or anions selected from the group of [BFWRf24−w]− anions, to processes for the preparation thereof, and to the use thereof, in particular for the preparation of ionic liquids. |
| US08148441B2 |
Polishing pad and manufacturing method thereof
A method for manufacturing a polishing pad made from a polyurethane resin foam having very uniform, fine cells therein and a polishing pad obtained by that method provides a polishing pad having better polishing characteristics (especially, in planarization) while providing improved dressability while maintaining the planarization characteristics and polishing speed of a conventional polishing pad. The polyurethane resin foam is a cured product obtained by reacting an isocyanate-terminated prepolymer with an aromatic polyamine chain extender having a melting point of 70° C. or lower, for example. |
| US08148440B2 |
Process for making rigid urethane-modified polyisocyanurate foams
Process for preparing rigid urethane-modified polyisocyanurate foams from polyisocyanates and polyfunctional isocyanate-reactive components in the presence of a blowing agent, a metal salt trimerisation catalyst and a functionalised carboxylic acid. |
| US08148438B2 |
Reversible self-assembly of imbebbed metallomacrocycles within a macromolecular superstructure
In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing a reversible, self-assembly of an imbedded hexameric metallomacrocycle within a macromolecular superstructure. The method occurs by an intramolecular mechanism in which a macromolecular skeleton possesses multiple ligands capable of reversible assembly-disassembly triggered by the presence of metal ions. |
| US08148430B2 |
Process for the hydrogenation of aromatic compounds
The present invention focuses on a process for the hydrogenation of aromatic or heteroaromatic compounds and in particular on the ring hydrogenation of compounds having the formula (I). Aromatic amino acids and amino alcohols can be successfully ring-hydrogenated using a platinum-rhodium mixed catalyst. The products can be used inter alia as mimetics in bioactive peptide active ingredients. |
| US08148429B2 |
Use of benzylideneaminoguanidines and hydroxyguanidines as melanocortin receptor ligands
The present invention relates to the use of compounds of general formula (I) as ligands to the melanocortin receptors and/or for treatment of disorders in the melanocortin system: wherein X is H or OH; R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are the same or different and are selected from hydrogen, halogen, alkyl having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, electron donor groups such as alkoxy having 1-5 carbon atoms or hydroxy, electron acceptor groups selected from cyano, nitro, trifluoroalkyl or amide; alkylamino, benzoyloxy, nitroxy, phenyl or sulpho; and the pharmacologically active salts thereof. |
| US08148422B2 |
Sulfonamides as TRPM8 modulators
Disclosed are compounds, compositions and methods for treating various diseases, syndromes, conditions and disorders, including pain. Such compounds are represented by Formula (I) and Formula (II) as follows: wherein Y, R1, R2, R3, R4, RA, and RB are defined herein. |
| US08148421B2 |
Phenylacetic acid derivative
A compound represented by the formula (1) or a salt thereof ( represents a single bond, or a double bond; R1 represents hydrogen atom, or an alkyl group; R2 and R3 represent hydrogen atom, or an alkyl group; R4 and R5 represent hydrogen atom, hydroxy group, an alkoxyl group, a halogen atom, or a mono- or di-alkyl-substituted amino group; R6 represents hydrogen atom, cyano group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, or carboxy group; R7 represents one or two of substituents on the benzene ring (the substituents are selected from hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, nitro group, cyano group, hydroxy group, amino group, an alkyl group, and an alkoxyl group); A represents a 5-membered or 6-membered non-aromatic heterocyclic ring containing one or two contiguous sulfur atoms (the sulfur atoms may independently form oxide); W represents oxo group, hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, hydroxy group, an alkoxyl group, or a halogen atom; and X represents oxygen atom, or sulfur atom), or a salt thereof, which has a superior suppressing action against prostaglandin E2 production and is useful as an active ingredient of medicaments with reduced adverse reactions such as gastrointestinal disorders. |
| US08148413B2 |
N-heteroaryl indole carboxamides and analogues thereof, for use as glucokinase activators in the treatment of diabetes
This invention relates to compounds that are activators of glucokinase and thus may be useful for the management, treatment, control, or adjunct treatment of diseases, where increasing glucokinase activity is beneficial. The compounds are of the general formula (I) wherein A and B are further defined in the application. |
| US08148411B2 |
2-hetarylthiazole-4-carboxamide derivatives, their preparation and use as pharmaceuticals
The present invention relates to 2-hetarylthiazole-4-carboxamide derivatives of the formula (I), the use thereof as medicament for the treatment of various disorders, and processes for the preparation thereof |
| US08148410B2 |
Thiophene derivatives as agonists of S1P1/EDG1
The invention relates to novel thiophene derivatives (I), their preparation and their use as pharmaceutically active compounds. Said compounds particularly act as immunomodulating agents. Formula (I). |
| US08148408B2 |
Selective substituted pyridine ligands for neuronal nicotinic receptors
The present application describes selective ligands of formula (I) for neuronal nicotinic receptors (NNRs), more specifically for the α4β2 NNR subtype, compositions thereof, and methods of using the same, wherein X, R1, X, R2, R3, L1, m, n, p, and q are defined in the specification. |
| US08148407B2 |
Compounds derived from 5-thioxylose and their use in therapeutics
The invention relates to novel 5-thioxylose compounds, preferably derivatives of the 5-thioxylopyranose type, to the process for their preparation and to their use as active principles of drugs intended especially for the treatment or prevention of thrombosis or cardiac insufficiency. |
| US08148405B2 |
Salt I
The invention provides N-{2-[((2S)-3-{[1-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-4-yl]amino}-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)oxy]-4-hydroxyphenyl}acetamide benzoate or a solvate thereof, pharmaceutical compositions containing the salt or solvate and use of the salt or solvate in therapy. |
| US08148404B2 |
Modulators of CB1 receptors
Compounds of formula (I) suppress the normal signalling activity CB1 receptors, and are thus useful in the treatment of diseases or conditions which are mediated by CB1 receptor signalling activity, such as treatment of obesity and overweight, prevention of weigh gain, treatment of diseases and conditions directly or indirectly associated with obesity and overweight: wherein A1 is hydrogen, —COOH, or tetrazolyl; p and q are independently 0 or 1; A3 is phenyl or cycloalkyl, either of which is optionally substituted with R4 and/or R5; R4 and R5 are independently —R9, —CN, —F, —Cl, —Br, —OR9, —NR7R8, —NR7COR6, —NR7SO2R6, —COR6, —SR9, —SOR9, or —SO2R6; R6 is C1-C4 alkyl, cycloalkyl, —CF3 or —NR7R8; R7 and R8 are independently hydrogen, C1-C4 alkyl or cycloalkyl; R9 is hydrogen, C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C4 alkoxy, C1-C4 alkoxy(C1-C4 alkyl)-, cycloalkyl, or fully or partially fluorinated C1-C4 alkyl; R1 (i) a bond; (ii) a divalent radical of formula —(CH2)aB1(CH2)b wherein a and b are independently O, 1, 2 or 3 provided that a+b is 1, 2 or 3, and B1 is —CO—, -0-, —S—, —SO—, —SO2—, —CH2—, —CHCH3—, —CHOH— or —NR7—; or (iii) a divalent radical selected from —C(R10)(R11)—*, —C(R10)(R11)—O—*, —C(R10)(R11)CH2—*, —C(R10)(R11)CH2—O—*, —CH2C(R10)(R11)—*, —CH2C(R10)(R11)—O—*, —CH2—O—C(R10)(R11)—* and —C(R10)(R11)—O—CH2—*, wherein the bond indicated by an asterisk is attached to the pyrazole ring; Z is as defined in the specification; R10 is hydrogen and R11 is (C1-C3)alkyl or —OH; or R10 and R11 are both (C1-C3)alkyl; or R10 and R11 taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a (C3-C5)cycloalkyl ring. |
| US08148399B2 |
Macrocyclic inhibitors of hepatitis C virus
Inhibitors of HCV replication of formula (I) and the N-oxides, salts, and stereoisomers, wherein each dashed line represents an optional double bond; X is N, CH and where X bears a double bond it is C; R1 is —OR7, —NH—SO2R8; R2 is hydrogen, and where X is C or CH, R2 may also be C1-6alkyl; R3 is hydrogen, C1-6alkyl, C3-7cycloalkyl; R4 is aryl or Het; n is 3, 4, 5, or 6; R5 is halo, C1-6alkyl, hydroxy, C1-6alkoxy, phenyl, or Het; R6 is C1-6alkoxy, or dimethylamino; R7 is hydrogen; aryl; Het; C3-7cycloalkyl optionally substituted with C1-6alkyl; or C1-6alkyl optionally substituted with C3-7cycloalkyl, aryl or with Het; R8 is aryl; Het; C3-7cycloalkyl optionally substituted with C1-6alkyl; or C1-6alkyl optionally substituted with C3-7cycloalkyl, aryl or with Het; aryl is phenyl optionally substituted with one, two or three substituents; Het is a 5 or 6 membered saturated, partially unsaturated or completely unsaturated heterocyclic ring containing 1 to 4 heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, and being optionally substituted with one, two or three substituents; pharmaceutical compositions containing compounds (I) and processes for preparing compounds (I). Bioavailable combinations of the inhibitors of HCV of formula (I) with ritonavir are also provided. |
| US08148395B2 |
Azolopyridin-3-one derivatives as inhibitors of lipases and phospholipases
The present invention relates to azolopyridin-3-one derivatives of the general formula I with the meanings indicated in the description, their pharmaceutically usable salts and their use as medicinal substances. |
| US08148393B2 |
Zolpidem tablets
A zolpidem tablet having modified release is designed as a tablet-in-tablet dosage form. |
| US08148392B2 |
2-indolyl imidazo [4,5-d] phenanthroline derivatives and their use in the treatment of cancer
2-indolyl imidazo[4,5-d]phenanthroline compounds of Formula (I) and methods of using same in the treatment of cancer, in particular, solid cancers and leukemia are provided. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds are also provided. |
| US08148391B2 |
Fused bicyclic derivatives of 2,4-diaminopyrimidine as ALK and c-Met inhibitors
The present invention provides a compound of formula I or II or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt form thereof, wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, A1, A2, A3, A4, and A5, are as defined herein. The compounds of formula I or II have ALK and/or c-Met inhibitory activity, and may be used to treat proliferative disorders. |
| US08148390B2 |
Monocyclic anilide spirolactam CGRP receptor antagonists
The present invention is directed to compounds of Formula I: (where variables A1, A2, B, J, K, m, n, R4, R5a, R5b and R5c are as defined herein) useful as antagonists of CGRP receptors and useful in the treatment or prevention of diseases in which the CGRP is involved, such as headache, migraine and cluster headache. The invention is also directed to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds and the use of these compounds and compositions in the prevention or treatment of such diseases in which CGRP is involved. |
| US08148382B2 |
Compounds for the treatment of hepatitis C
The disclosure provides compounds of formula I, including their salts, as well as compositions and methods of using the compounds. The compounds have activity against hepatitis C virus (HCV) and may be useful in treating those infected with HCV. |
| US08148369B2 |
Fused pyrazine compounds useful for the treatment of degenerative and inflammatory diseases
Novel fused pyrazine compounds are disclosed that have a formula represented by the following: The compounds may be prepared as pharmaceutical compositions, and may be used for the prevention and treatment of a variety of conditions in mammals including humans, including by way of non-limiting example, inflammation, rheumatoid arthritis and others. |
| US08148367B2 |
Renin inhibitors
Disclosed are compounds, pharmaceutical compositions, kits, articles of manufacture, methods of using, and methods of preparing compounds having the formula: wherein the variables are as defined herein. The disclosed compounds are inhibitors of Renin. |
| US08148365B2 |
1,4-diaza-bicyclo[3.2.2]nonyl pyrimidinyl derivative and its medical use
This invention relates to a novel 1,4-diaza-bicyclo[3.2.2]nonyl pyrimidinyl derivative and its use in the manufacture of pharmaceutical compositions. The compound of the invention is found to be a cholinergic ligand at the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.Due to its pharmacological profile the compound of the invention may be useful for the treatment of diseases or disorders as diverse as those related to the cholinergic system of the central nervous system (CNS), the peripheral nervous system (PNS), diseases or disorders related to smooth muscle contraction, endocrine diseases or disorders, diseases or disorders related to neuro-degeneration, diseases or disorders related to inflammation, pain, and withdrawal symptoms caused by the termination of abuse of chemical substances. |