| Document | Document Title |
|---|---|
| US07849393B1 |
Electronic book connection to world watch live
An electronic book selection and delivery system distributes text to subscribers. The system includes the ability to use electronic links as well as a system for creating electronic links between specific electronic books and other electronic files. The links may be used or accessed by a menu system or by operation of a cursor and a select button. The other electronic files could be portions of a specific electronic book, such as a Table of Contents. The other electronic files could also exist external to a specific electronic book. For example, definitions provided in an electronic English-language dictionary could be linked to terms contained in an electronic book. The electronic links may be created by the book publisher or may be subscriber-defined. The links may use standard programming language such as hypertext markup language (HTML). The links may be established through use of a relational database. |
| US07849389B2 |
LDPC (low density parity check) coded modulation symbol decoding
LDPC (Low Density Parity Check) coded modulation symbol decoding. Symbol decoding is supported by appropriately modifying an LDPC tripartite graph to eliminate the bit nodes thereby generating an LDPC bipartite graph (such that symbol nodes are appropriately mapped directly to check nodes thereby obviating the bit nodes). The edges that communicatively couple the symbol nodes to the check nodes are labeled appropriately to support symbol decoding of the LDPC coded modulation signal. The iterative decoding processing may involve updating the check nodes as well as estimating the symbol sequence and updating the symbol nodes. In some embodiments, an alternative hybrid decoding approach may be performed such that a combination of bit level and symbol level decoding is performed. This LDPC symbol decoding out-performs bit decoding only. In addition, it provides comparable or better performance of bit decoding involving iterative updating of the associated metrics. |
| US07849387B2 |
Detecting architectural vulnerability of processor resources
In one embodiment, a quantum detector is provided to detect a vulnerability measure for a processor based on a processor metrics each associated with operation of a processor structure during a quantum, along with a controller to control an error mitigation unit based on the vulnerability measure. Other embodiments are described and claimed. |
| US07849386B2 |
Decoder and method for decoding a tail-biting convolutional encoded signal using Viterbi decoding scheme
A decoder and method for decoding a tail-biting convolutional encoded signal using Viterbi decoding scheme performs a traceback operation for a first portion of a total code block, which includes a code block of the tail-biting convolutional encoded signal and a padded block. During the traceback operation for the first portion, a particular state at a predefined position within the first portion is stored as a circular state. The circular state is used as a traceback starting state for at least one subsequent portion of the total code block to produce a decoded signal of the code block. |
| US07849385B2 |
Systems and methods for media defect detection utilizing correlated DFIR and LLR data
The present invention provides systems and methods for detecting a media defect. A circuit providing a hard output and a soft output is used with the hard output and the soft output being combined and the product compared with a threshold. Based at least in part on the comparison, a media defect may be identified. |
| US07849383B2 |
Systems and methods for reading nonvolatile memory using multiple reading schemes
In a nonvolatile memory system, first raw data is obtained from stored data using a first set of reading parameters. Subsequently, the first raw data is transferred to an ECC circuit where it is decoded. While the first raw data is being transferred and decoded, second raw data is obtained from the same stored data using a second set of reading parameters. |
| US07849382B2 |
Memory control circuit, nonvolatile storage apparatus, and memory control method
An address at which a writing error occurs is held, and after a completion of a series of writings, the data of the held address is read. Then, a faulty-block processing is performed only for the addresses, for which it is determined that retry of writing is required, thereby preventing an increase of faulty-blocks. This can suppress the problem that when a writing is performed in a particular flash memory, a writing error frequently occurs and a large number of faulty blocks occur. |
| US07849379B2 |
Device and method for determining a defective area on an optical media
A device and method for determining a defective area on an optical media (disc) by counting the number of errors within ECC blocks of the data stored thereon. The defect detection is generally performed by Error Counters and Comparator circuits, for counting the number of occurrences of errors (e.g., parity errors) in an ECC block of the data and for comparing the counted number of occurrences of errors with a supplied threshold. The threshold may be preset at a maximum to distinguish between “correctable” and “uncorrectable” numbers of errors, or may be set lower to better secure the recorded data and to improve the resiliency of the media to subsequent scratches, fingerprints, etc. When the threshold is exceeded, the area is determined to be defective. A position-determining unit keeps track of the location of the ECC block under examination and flags the position of the defective area based on the position of the ECC block containing a number of errors exceeding the threshold. |
| US07849377B2 |
SISO decoder with sub-block processing and sub-block based stopping criterion
The present invention relates to SISO decoder for iteratively decoding a block of received information symbols (r), in particular for use in a turbo decoder, said block being divided into a number of windows of information symbols. In order to achieve a significant reduction of power consumption a SISO decoder is proposed comprising at least one SISO decoding unit (17, 21) for SISO decoding of the received information symbols (r) of a window, wherein a stopping criterion is applied to each window. This allows to abort iterative decoding for each window individually once convergence of decoding is determined by marking a window or sub-block inactive (17,23). An inactive window is no longer SISO decoded in subsequent iterations. |
| US07849375B2 |
Semiconductor test system
A semiconductor test system includes: pin electronics (“PE”) cards each being operable to: a) apply a test pattern to device under tests (“DUTs”) each connected to the PE cards; b) capture patterns outputted in response to the test pattern from the DUTs; c) compare the patterns with an expected value pattern; and d) determine whether or not the patterns correspond with the expected value pattern, and a fail control card being operable to: e) aggregate fail information about the DUTs inputted through the PE cards every the DUTs; and f) transfer the fail information to the PE cards. |
| US07849373B2 |
Method of testing a memory module and hub of the memory module
Example embodiments relate to a method and system of testing a memory module having the process of receiving single ended input signals via differential input terminals through which differential pairs of packet signals may be received from a testing equipment, wherein a number of terminals of the testing equipment may be different from a number of terminals of the memory module, and testing memory chips of the memory module based on the single ended input signals. |
| US07849369B2 |
Failure resistant multiple computer system and method
The updating of only some memory locations in a multiple computer environment in which at least one applications program (50) executes simultaneously on a plurality of computers M1, M2 . . . Mn each of which has a local memory, is disclosed. Memory locations (A, B, D, E, X) in said local memory are categorized into two groups. The first group of memory locations (X1, X2, . . . Xn, A1, A2, . . . An) are each present in other computers. The second group of memory locations (B, E) are each present only in the computer having the local memory including the memory location. Changes to the contents of memory locations in the first group only are transmitted to all other computers. A computer failure detection mechanism is disclosed to prevent updating of any first group memory locations of any failed computer. |
| US07849368B2 |
Method for monitoring server sub-system health
A server self health monitor (SHM) system monitors the health of the server it resides on. The health of a server is determined by the health of all of a server's sub-systems and deployed applications. The SHM may make health check inquiries to server sub-systems periodically or based on external trigger events. The sub-systems perform self health checks on themselves and provide sub-system health information to requesting entities such as the SHM. Sub-systems self health updates may be based on internal events such as counters or changes in status or based on external entity requests. Corrective action may be performed upon sub-systems by the SHM depending on their health status or the health status of the server. Corrective action may also be performed by a sub-system upon itself. |
| US07849365B2 |
Method for reducing host device to electronic device communication errors
This invention is directed to allowing an electronic device with a failed file system to dynamically direct a host device to reformat it, by making the storage component appear to be in its unformatted state. Upon detection of file system failure, the device writes changes to its disk to make it appear as factory-new to a host device. The host device treats the electronic device as if it is a brand new device that has never been connected to a host device before, and reformats it. By reformatting the device's storage component, the host device thereby provides a way to maintain communication between the host device and electronic device, allowing a more sophisticated application to then diagnose and recover the contents of the storage component, without the involvement of the user or a specialist. This avoids returns of devices with failed file systems, thereby improving the overall user experience. |
| US07849364B2 |
Kernel-mode in-flight recorder tracing mechanism
The subject invention relates to systems and methods that automatically monitor and record component-related activities to support remote diagnostic capabilities. In one aspect, an automated computer diagnostic system is provided. The system includes a trace component that monitors computer-related activities between a driver and an operating system component. The trace component can be embedded within the driver or coupled thereto but, generally records activities relating to a given driver in contrast to generically for the entire operating system. A log records the computer-related activities to facilitate problem diagnosis with respect to the driver or the operating system component. |
| US07849360B2 |
Computer system and method of controlling communication port to prevent computer contamination by virus or malicious code
The invention may back up or recover a computing device. The computing device may include a user computing environment and a supporting environment which stabilizes and functionality of the user computing environment. The invention may include one or more external devices or removable media. |
| US07849358B2 |
Recording medium, and method and apparatus of recording and reproducing data on the same
An apparatus of recording data on a recording medium includes a pickup unit and a microcomputer. The pickup unit records data in a plurality of data frames included in a cluster. The microcomputer controls the pickup unit to record status information within the cluster, which indicates a status of the data being recorded in each data frame. In addition, the microcomputer further controls the pickup unit to record previous location information within the cluster when the cluster is determined to be a replacement cluster. The previous location information indicates a previous location of an original cluster associated with the replacement cluster. |
| US07849352B2 |
Virtual disk drive system and method
A disk drive system and method capable of dynamically allocating data is provided. The disk drive system may include a RAID subsystem having a pool of storage, for example a page pool of storage that maintains a free list of RAIDs, or a matrix of disk storage blocks that maintain a null list of RAIDs, and a disk manager having at least one disk storage system controller. The RAID subsystem and disk manager dynamically allocate data across the pool of storage and a plurality of disk drives based on RAID-to-disk mapping. The RAID subsystem and disk manager determine whether additional disk drives are required, and a notification is sent if the additional disk drives are required. Dynamic data allocation and data progression allow a user to acquire a disk drive later in time when it is needed. Dynamic data allocation also allows efficient data storage of snapshots/point-in-time copies of virtual volume pool of storage, instant data replay and data instant fusion for data backup, recovery etc., remote data storage, and data progression, etc. |
| US07849349B2 |
Reduced-delay clocked logic
Delay in a clocked logic circuit is reduced by partially determining a next state of the clocked logic circuit based on a current state of the clocked logic circuit during a first portion of a clock cycle. The partially determined next state of the clocked logic circuit is prevented from affecting the current state of the clocked logic circuit during the first portion of the clock cycle. The next state of the clocked logic circuit is completely determined based on a previous state of the clocked logic circuit and the partially determined next state of the clocked logic circuit during a second portion of the clock cycle. |
| US07849348B1 |
Programmable delay clock buffer
A programmable delay clock buffer circuit, preferably implemented in a single IC, includes a clock circuit and a plurality of variable delay lines. The clock circuit receives an input clock and is clock feedback signal and generates an intermediate clock. Each of the delay lines is configured to receive the intermediate clock and to receive at least one delay control input. A first variable delay line of the plurality is configured to generate, based on a first delay control input, a first delay from the intermediate clock to produce a clock output signal. A second variable delay line of the plurality is configured to generate, based on a second delay control input, a second delay from the intermediate clock to produce a clock feedback signal. A method of distributing clock with through programmable delay lines is also presented. |
| US07849347B2 |
System and method for updating a time-related state of a migrating logical partition
An apparatus, program product and method for automatically and transparently determining the time required to migrate a logical partition. This determined latency may be used to update clocks and other time-related values of the migrated logical partition. |
| US07849344B2 |
Method for improving accuracy in providing information pertaining to battery power capacity
A method is disclosed for providing information related to the power capacity of a rechargeable battery at a specified time, wherein the battery is disposed to supply power to a laptop computer or other electronic device. The method comprises the step of acquiring a set of cumulative data that represents the capacity of the battery at different times when the battery is being used to supply power to the device. The method further comprises selectively processing the set of data, to provide an estimate of the battery time that is available at the specified time. The estimate is then used to determine whether or not the battery has sufficient power capacity to complete a particular task subsequent to the specified time. |
| US07849343B2 |
Pre-detection of powered devices
A method and apparatus for preventing harmful transients resulting from a probing routine for a valid powered device detection signature in a network, the method comprising: operating power sourcing equipment to provide via its output port a pre-detection output voltage; obtaining an indication of the pre-detection output voltage; comparing the indication of the pre-detection output voltage with a pre-determined value; and in the event that the indication of the pre-detection output voltage is less than the pre-determined value; initiating a probing routine for a valid powered device detection signature. The higher voltage of the probing routine is thus not present at the output port in the absence of pre-detection of a potentially valid powered device detection signature. |
| US07849342B2 |
Method and system for implementing generalized system stutter
A method and system for implementing a generalized system stutter are disclosed. Specifically, one embodiment of the present invention sets forth a method, which includes the steps of blocking a first request received from a first of a plurality of bus masters during a low power state of a computing device for as long as permissible by the timing requirements of the computing device, wherein the first request is capable of triggering the computing device to transition out of the low power state, and during an active state of the computing device, servicing the first request along with other pending requests from the rest of the plurality of bus masters before the computing device transitions back to the low power state. |
| US07849337B2 |
Network system port thereof for transmitting various signals and power
The present invention is to provide a network system for transmitting various signals and power, which comprises at least a power sourcing equipment and at least a powered device over a network. Each of the power sourcing equipment and the powered device has at least a port, wherein a first isolated conductor is disposed at one side of the port while a second isolated conductor is disposed at the other side of the port and creates a power circuit for transmitting power in combination with the first isolated conductor. Four differential signal pairs of the port, each with two conductors, are disposed between the first isolated conductor and the second isolated conductor, wherein each of the power sourcing equipment and the powered device transmits Ethernet signals through two of the differential signal pairs of its port and transmits other network signals through the other two differential signal pairs. |
| US07849332B1 |
Processor voltage adjustment system and method
The present invention facilitates maintenance of processor speed by voltage level adjustment. In one embodiment, a present invention voltage adjustment system includes a speed analysis component that compares an actual speed of a processing unit to a directed speed. If the actual speed is lower than the directed speed, a voltage control component directs offset adjustments in a voltage level of a power signal to the processor. For example, the voltage control component directs an increases in a voltage level of a power signal. The voltage level can be altered to compensate for variations in hardware tolerance variations. In one embodiment of the present invention, a voltage sensor measures the actual voltage of the processing unit. |
| US07849311B2 |
Computer system with dual operating modes
The present invention is a system that switches between non-secure and secure modes by making processes, applications and data for the non-active mode unavailable to the active mode. That is, non-secure processes, applications and data are not accessible when in the secure mode and visa versa. This is accomplished by creating dual hash tables where one table is used for secure processes and one for non-secure processes. A hash table pointer is changed to point to the table corresponding to the mode. The path-name look-up function that traverses the path name tree to obtain a device or file pointer is also restricted to allow traversal to only secure devices and file pointers when in the secure mode and only to non-secure devices and files in the non-secure mode. The process thread run queue is modified to include a state flag for each process that indicates whether the process is a secure or non-secure process. A process scheduler traverses the queue and only allocates time to processes that have a state flag that matches the current mode. Running processes are marked to be idled and are flagged as unrunnable, depending on the security mode, when the process reaches an intercept point. The switch operation validates the switch process and pauses the system for a period of time to allow all running processes to reach an intercept point and be marked as unrunnable. After all the processes are idled, the hash table pointer is changed, the look-up control is changed to allow traversal of the corresponding security mode branch of the file name path tree, and the scheduler is switched to allow only threads that have a flag that corresponds to the security mode to run. The switch process is then put to sleep and a master process, either secure or non-secure, depending on the mode, is then awakened. |
| US07849306B2 |
Relay method of encryption communication, gateway server, and program and program memory medium of encryption communication
The relay method for relaying an encryption communication in a gateway server between a client device and a content server includes the steps of receiving an encryption communication connection message to the content server from the device; producing a temporary encryption communication permit and a private key of its counterpart for the content server of a destination server name included in the connection message; sending the permit to the device; performing an End-End encryption communication with the device, receiving an encrypted access request message sent by the device, and decrypting and converting the request message to an access request message of a plain text; performing an End-End encryption communication with the content server, and acquiring content information instructed by the access request message; and performing value added processing for the acquired content information and its communication header, encrypting the information and the header, and sending them to the device. |
| US07849303B2 |
Peer-to-peer network information storage
In a typical peer-to-peer network, any user of the peer-to-peer network may request a lookup of a key and its associated value. To limit access to a stored key-value pair, a user node may register a key-value pair in a peer-to-peer network associated with an access list listing those user nodes which are authorized to access the key-value pair. The access list may include one or more retrieval identifiers. To further secure the information, the retrieval identifiers and/or the payload may be encrypted. To allow the retrieving user to decrypt an encrypted payload, the payload may be encrypted using a group key associated with the stored key-value pair. The group key may be encrypted using a key known to the retrieving user. |
| US07849299B2 |
Microprocessor system for simultaneously accessing multiple branch history table entries using a single port
Provided is a means for accessing multiple entries from a branch history table (BHT) in a single clock cycle, in the context of pipelined instruction processing. In a first clock cycle, a plurality of conditional branch instructions is fetched. A value is accessed from a global history record (GHR) of conditional branch resolutions and predictions for a fetched conditional branch instruction. An associated instruction address is hashed with a left-shifted GHR value. The result is used to access a word in an indexed BHT stored in a single-port random access memory (RAM). The word comprises a branch direction count for the plurality of fetched conditional branch instructions. In a second clock cycle a conditional branch instruction is executed at an execute stage and the BHT is written with an updated branch direction count in response to a resolution of the executed conditional branch instruction. |
| US07849298B2 |
Enhanced processor virtualization mechanism via saving and restoring soft processor/system states
A method and system are disclosed for saving soft state information, which is non-critical for executing a process in a processor, upon a receipt of a process interrupt by the processor. The soft state is transmitted to a memory associated with the processor via a memory interface. Preferably, the soft state is transmitted within the processor to the memory interface via a scan-chain pathway within the processor, which allows functional data pathways to remain unobstructed by the storage of the soft state. Thereafter, the stored soft state can be restored from memory when the process is again executed. |
| US07849297B2 |
Software emulation of directed exceptions in a multithreading processor
A multithreading microprocessor has a plurality of thread contexts (TCs) each including sufficient state, such as general purpose registers and program counter, to execute a separate thread of execution as one of a plurality of symmetric processors controlled by a multiprocessor operating system. However, the microprocessor hardware does not support the ability for one TC to direct an exception to another TC, i.e., to specify to which of the other TCs the exception is directed. A first thread running on a first TC of the operating system executes architected instructions to halt a second thread (either user or kernel thread) running on a second TC, save state of the second TC, write the second TC state to emulate an exception—including writing a restart register with the address of an exception handler, and unhalt the second TC to execute the exception hander. |
| US07849296B2 |
Monitoring control for monitoring at least two domains of multi-domain processors
There is provided a method of controlling a monitoring function of a processor, the processor being operable in at least two domains, comprising a first domain and a second domain, the first and second domains each comprising at least one mode, the method comprising the steps of: setting at least one control value, the at least one control value relating to a condition and being indicative of whether the monitoring function is allowable in the first domain; and only allowing initiation of the monitoring function in the first domain when the condition is present if its related control value indicates that the monitoring function is allowable. In some embodiments the first domain is a secure domain and the monitoring function is a debug or trace function. |
| US07849288B2 |
Alternately selecting memory units to store and retrieve configuration information in respective areas for a plurality of processing elements to perform pipelined processes
A reconfigurable circuit and control method therefor, capable of enhancing efficiency of implementation of a pipeline process in processing elements and improve processing performance. Processing elements are reconfigured to form a circuit based on configuration information and execute a prescribed process. Memory units store configuration information for the processing elements. A memory switching unit switches the plurality of memory units to store therein the configuration information on the stages of a pipeline process to be performed by the processing elements. A configuration information output unit switches the memory units to output therefrom the configuration information to the plurality of processing elements. |
| US07849283B2 |
Linear combiner weight memory
A linear combiner weight memory. Various embodiments of the weight memory provide a weight bank and control logic. The weight bank is operable to couple with a data stream and may include four registers. The first register is operable to store a first in-phase weight value. The second register is operable to store a second in-phase weight value and be written with the second in-phase weight value while the first in-phase weight value is read from the first register. The third register is operable to store a first quadrature weight value. The fourth register is operable to store a second quadrature weight value and be written with the second quadrature weight value while the first quadrature weight value is read from the third register. |
| US07849282B2 |
Filesystem building method
To provide a technique whereby a plurality of types of storage media can be utilized in an efficient manner. A management apparatus includes a file manager that manages files within an integrated memory area that includes a first memory area composed of at least a part of the first type of storage medium and a second memory area composed of at least a part of the second type of storage medium. The file manager builds one filesystem on the integrated memory area, in consideration of a range of the first memory area and a range of the second memory area. |
| US07849280B2 |
Storage system and power consumption reduction method, and information processing apparatus
In a storage system including: plural information processing apparatuses each of which copies data sent from a host computer to create archive data in accordance with redundancy sent from the host computer; and a storage apparatus having physical disks that store the archive data, the storage apparatus includes a management unit that manages power state information that is information on whether or not the power state of each of the physical disks is “on,” and the information processing apparatuses each include an acquisition unit that acquires the power state information managed by the management unit and a determination unit that determines an information processing apparatus targeted for reading or writing the archive data from among the information processing apparatuses based on the power state information acquired by the acquisition unit. |
| US07849279B2 |
Method for the secure updating data areas in non volatile memory, device to perform such a method
For securing the data areas of a memory in an electronic component, said component is able to modify said data areas. A method includes a single backup memory of data areas including means of reference of the data to be secured, and means of backing up information on said data areas. |
| US07849273B2 |
Techniques for time-dependent storage management with a portable application programming interface
Techniques for time-dependent storage management with a portable application programming interface are disclosed. In one particular exemplary embodiment, the techniques may be realized as a method for time-dependent storage management. The method may comprise interfacing with a host and a storage system having one or more storage devices. The method may also comprise intercepting all write commands that the host issues to the storage system. The method may additionally comprise performing a copy-on-write operation for each intercepted write command, wherein copy-on-write data and metadata associated with each intercepted write command are recorded, the metadata including at least a timestamp associated with each intercepted write command. |
| US07849268B2 |
Method of updating IC instruction and data cache
A method of updating a cache in an integrated circuit is provided. The integrated circuit incorporates the cache, memory and a memory interface connected to the cache and memory. Following a cache miss, the method fetches, using the memory interface, first data associated with the cache miss and second data from the memory, where the second data is stored in the memory adjacent the first data, and updates the cache with the fetched first and second data via the memory interface. The cache includes instruction and data cache, the method performing arbitration between instruction cache misses and data cache misses such that the fetching and updating are performed for data cache misses before instruction cache misses. |
| US07849264B2 |
Storage area management method for a storage system
The load of managing a storage system is lessened. In a storage system where multiple logical volumes are included in a logical volume group and a copy of the logical volume group is made in a pool area different from the one to which the logical volume group belongs, a management computer adds to the pool area capacity when the capacity of a pool area exceeds a predetermined threshold. When the pool area includes multiple logical volume groups, the management computer requests the storage system to create a pool area for each of the logical volume groups and to create the logical volume groups respectively for the created pool areas. When the pool area includes one logical volume group, the management computer requests the storage system to make the capacity of the pool area coincide with the capacity of a pool area to which the logical volume group is copied. |
| US07849263B1 |
Techniques for controlling storage capacity of a data storage system
A data storage system has a first set of storage devices, a second set of storage devices, and a controller. The controller is arranged to (i) activate a first set of storage devices and deactivate a second set of storage devices prior to an amount of storage capacity currently used in the data storage system reaching a predefined storage capacity threshold of the data storage system. The controller is further arranged to (i) monitor the amount of storage capacity currently used in the data storage system in view of the predefined storage capacity threshold, and (ii) maintain activation of the first set of storage devices and automatically activate the second set of storage devices in response to the amount of storage capacity currently used in the data storage system reaching the predefined storage capacity threshold. |
| US07849260B2 |
Storage controller and control method thereof
Proposed is a storage controller and its control method for speeding up the processing time in response to a command in a simple manner while reducing the load of a controller that received a command targeting a non-associated logical volume. This storage controller includes a plurality of controllers for controlling the input and output of data to and from a corresponding logical unit based on a command retained in a local memory, and the local memory stores association information representing the correspondence of the logical units and the controllers and address information of the local memory in each of the controllers of a self-system and another-system. Upon receiving a command sent from a host computer, the controller determines whether the target logical unit is associated with the controller of a self-system or another-system based on the association information, and, when the logical unit is associated with the other-system controller, the controller transfers and stores the command to and in the corresponding other-system controller based on the address information. |
| US07849259B1 |
Disk controller response handler for write commands
An execution queue stores a write command from the host in response to issuance of the write command from the host, and is removed from the execution queue in response to a signal indicating that data designated by the write command has been written to the hard disk. A holding queue stores the write command removed from the execution queue. In response to the command being stored in the holding queue, a request is issued for an acknowledgment from the host. The write command is removed from the holding queue in response to the acknowledgment being received from the host. An outgoing queue stores the write command removed from the holding queue for deletion. The queues are controlled by queue management hardware, the request is issued by the queue management hardware, and the signal and acknowledgment are received by the queue management hardware. |
| US07849256B2 |
Memory controller with ring bus for interconnecting memory clients to memory devices
Embodiments of a distributed memory controller system implemented on a single integrated circuit device are described. In one embodiment, a memory controller that provides an interconnection circuit between a first plurality of memory devices to a second plurality of memory clients includes a ring bus to route at least one of the memory request and data return signals between the memory clients and the memory devices. The ring bus is configured in a ring topography that is distributed across a portion of an integrated circuit device, resulting in a reduction in the maximum wiring density at the center of memory controller. The ring bus structure also reduces the overall number of interconnections as well as the number of storage elements, thus reducing the total area used by the memory controller. |
| US07849255B2 |
Pseudo-bidimensional randomly accessible memory using monodimensional sequentially-accessiblle memory structure
A memory comprises at least one array of memory elements, a partition of the at least one array into a plurality of sub-arrays of the memory elements, and an array configuration circuit for selectively putting the at least one array in one of two operating configurations. In a first operating configuration, the memory elements of the at least one array are coupled one to another to form a monodimensional sequentially-accessible memory, while in a second operating configuration the memory elements in each sub-array are coupled to one another so as to form an independent monodimensional sequentially-accessible memory block, a data content of any memory element of the sub-array being rotatable by shifts through the memory elements of the sub-array. A sub-array selector, responsive to a first memory address, selects one among the at least two sub-arrays according to the first memory address, and enables access to the selected sub-array. A memory element access circuit, responsive to a second memory address, enables access to a prescribed memory element in the selected sub-array after a prescribed number of shifts of the data content of the memory elements in the selected sub-array depending on the second memory address. |
| US07849254B2 |
Create virtual track buffers in NVS using customer segments to maintain newly written data across a power loss
A method for storing customer data at a non-volatile storage (NVS) at a storage server. A track buffer is maintained for identifying first and second sets of segments that are allocated in the NVS. A flag in the track buffer identifies which of the first and second sets of segments to use for storing customer data for which a write request has been made. The customer data is stored in the NVS in successive commit processes. Following a power loss in the storage server, the NVS uses the track buffer information to identify which of the first and second sets of segments was involved in the current commit process to allow the current commit process to be completed. |
| US07849251B2 |
Hardware assisted endpoint idleness detection for USB host controllers
In some embodiments, an electronic apparatus comprises at least one memory module, and a universal serial bus (USB) host controller coupled to the memory, wherein the USB host controller implements hardware assisted idleness endpoint detection. |
| US07849250B2 |
Docking station with hierarchal battery management for use with portable medical equipment
When portable diagnostic medical equipment is placed into a dock, or docking station, the batteries of the docking station are used in a hierarchical manner to insure that the batteries in the portable equipment become charged and that any power needed to run the portable device is provided from a power source local to the docking station. In one embodiment, the docking station has a plurality of batteries and the system is designed so that when a portable diagnostic device is docked, the power from the docking station batteries will be used in a predetermined usage pattern so as to preserve (and charge) the batteries in the portable diagnostic tool. |
| US07849248B2 |
Method and system for combining multiple serial attached small computer system interface (SAS) expanders
At least one first numbered phy of a first SAS expander is grouped with at least one second numbered phy of a second SAS expander physically separate from the first SAS expander into at least one common SAS wide port. An identical SAS address is assigned to the first SAS expander and the second SAS expander for operating the first SAS expander and the second SAS expander to behave and respond as a single, cohesive SAS expander. The first SAS expander is directly connected to the second SAS expander for inter-expander communications. |
| US07849247B2 |
Interrupt controller for accelerated interrupt handling in a data processing system and method thereof
A data processing system has an interrupt controller which provides an interrupt request along with a corresponding interrupt identifier and a corresponding interrupt vector to a processor. If the processor accepts the interrupt, the processor returns the same interrupt identifier value by way of interrupt identifier, along with interrupt acknowledge, to the interrupt controller. An interrupt taken/not taken indicator may also be provided. The communications interface used to coordinate interrupt processing between the interrupt controller and the processor may be asynchronous. |
| US07849236B2 |
Control equipment with communication apparatus
A control equipment with a built-in communication apparatus is provided which realizes a delay required for communication without a software intervention while at the same time reducing a load of the communication processing. The control equipment with a communication apparatus includes: a communication device to communicate with a plurality of destinations; and a decision device to determine a mode requiring a reception completion interrupt and a mode not requiring the reception completion interrupt. If the decision device decides that the reception completion interrupt is not necessary, the communication device transmits data to one or more destinations and also virtually transmits data to a second destination different from the first intended destination. |
| US07849235B2 |
DMA controller, node, data transfer control method and storage medium
In response to a request from a central processing unit (CPU) 11 (i.e., firmware) of a node 10, a transfer control unit 14a of a direct memory access (DMA) controller 14 transmits a message and data to another discretionary node 3 by way of a serial bus 1, a switch 2 or the like. In this event, the firmware stores data to be transmitted, a message, and a descriptor thereof in memory 12. In the case of requesting the transmission of the message, the descriptor contains a flag indicating “whether or not there is a need to wait for a response from the data transmission destination”. If the flag is set to ON, the transfer control unit 14a notifies the firmware of a simulated completion immediately instead of waiting for a completion response from the transmission destination node 3. |
| US07849233B2 |
Gesture-based character input
Gesture-based character input is described. A user inputs a character by selecting keys on a keypad device via a gesture representing the shape of the character. The sequence of keys selected by the user is interpreted to represent a specific character. |
| US07849232B2 |
Method and apparatus for using a single multi-function adapter with different operating systems
A flexible arrangement allows a single arrangement of Ethernet channel adapter (ECA) hardware functions to appear as needed to conform to various operating system deployment models. A PCI interface presents a logical model of virtual devices appropriate to the relevant operating system. Mapping parameters and values are associated with the packet streams to allow the packet streams to be properly processed according to the presented logical model and needed operations. Mapping occurs at both the host side and at the network side to allow the multiple operations of the ECA to be performed while still allowing proper delivery at each interface. |
| US07849230B2 |
Overtake request control apparatus and overtake request control method
A request control apparatus and a request control method are configured such that when an A type request that is an overtaking acceptable request allowed to overtake and to be overtaken among the other requests is turned to a retry matter on a pipeline, a request-order control unit performs an information renewal such that the A type request is rearranged to a place immediately preceding a B type request that is an overtaking inhibited request inhibited to overtake or to be overtaken among the other requests, and a request fetching unit fetches requests from ports by using the information renewed by the request-order control unit. Moreover, the request-order control unit is configured to perform request order control per request source. |
| US07849227B2 |
Stream data processing method and computer systems
Provided is a stream data processing method that can effectively handle delay data. In the stream data processing method of processing data whose lifetime is defined by a window, an operation result excluding a delay tuple is immediately output along with an unconfirmed flag according to delay processing HBT while a midway processing result necessary for reproduction is retained along with the lifetime, and when the delay tuple arrives, a correct processing result is calculated from the delay tuple and the processing result restore tuple. |
| US07849222B2 |
Method of synchronizing multiple content directory services, and content directory service devices and a system thereof
A method of synchronizing a plurality of content-directory service (CDS) devices is provided. The method includes retrieving and discovering N CDS devices in a home network by a control point (CP), transmitting a StartSync message that requests the start of synchronization to a certain CDS device of the N CDS devices by the CP, forwarding a StartPeerSync message that informs remaining N-1 CDS devices of the fact that synchronization will be started by the CDS device that has received the StartSync message, and synchronizing each of the N CDS devices with the remaining N-1 CDS devices, in a home network that includes N CDS devices that provide metadata of multimedia content existing in the home network, and the CP that receives metadata from the N CDS devices and requests the media renderer to replay the multimedia data. |
| US07849221B2 |
Online instance deletion in a multi-instance computer system
In an application executing in multiple computers connected by a network, an instance of the application is deleted from a group of instances that share a resource, such as a database. Specifically the to-be-deleted instance is shut down, followed by deleting connectivity between the to-be-deleted instance and the network, and then deleting an object of the to-be-deleted instance. Each of these acts is performed automatically without user input, once the user issues an instruction to delete the to-be-deleted instance. |
| US07849219B2 |
Communication system and method for real-time internet-based network connectivity to multiple heterogeneous backend systems
A communication system (110) for connecting in real-time an Internet-based network interface (130) to a plurality of backend systems (136), each of the plurality of backend systems having an associated backend communications protocol and requiring an associated backend data format. The system includes a router (112) for receiving a job (124) having a front-end data format and a front-end communications protocol from the Internet-based network interface. The router selects one or more backend systems from the plurality of backend systems as a function of attributes of the job for delivery of the job to the one or more backend systems. The system also includes a plurality of service agents (114, 116, 118), each in communication with an associated one of the plurality of backend systems and configured to translate and reformat the job prior to delivery to the one or more backend systems. |
| US07849218B2 |
HDMI logical address assignment method for use in wireless communication system
A CEC controller of a wireless node device determines a destination logical address of a polling message received through a wired interface circuit based on an address list table in an address list memory when the polling message is received from a wired interface circuit, and transmits an ACK for the received polling message through the wired interface circuit in the case that the destination logical address of the polling message is a logical address of a node device connected over a wireless interval. |
| US07849212B2 |
Method for managing social games
A method for managing inter-personal activities to facilitate matchmaking between single individuals, by instructing each individual what to do and with whom during a series of game sessions. Singles join a forum in which a plurality of activities contained in a database are individually assigned to participants, who confidentially express their preferences for specific activities and for other participants with whom to conduct activities. Expressed preferences are not disclosed to other individuals, but are input to a secure computer system that assigns the activities. Participants' wish-lists influence assignments made by the computer, and random factors provide variety and protect privacy by obscuring the effect of the wish-lists. After each assignment, participants can update their wish-list to affect further assignments. |
| US07849202B2 |
System and method for tracking unique visitors to a website
A system and method for analyzing traffic to a website is provided that is based on log files and that uses both server-side and client-side information channeled through one source to create a more complete picture of activity to a website. In one preferred embodiment, a sensor code is embedded in a requested web page, and sends information back to the web server where the website resides. This additional information is logged along with normal requests. |
| US07849201B1 |
Method and system for capturing, organizing, searching and sharing web pages
A system, method and computer program product has been provided for capturing, organizing, searching and sharing web page information. Web pages and user information is stored securely in a database on the network. The browser plug-in enables the user to store the information in an organized manner. The stored information can be accessed and forwarded to recipients. The system and method enables the user to store information online. The stored information can be readily accessed by the authorized user through the Internet. |
| US07849198B2 |
System, method and article of manufacture for utilizing an interface client in an interface roaming network framework
A system, method and article of manufacture are provided for utilizing an interface client in an interface roaming network. In general, an interface client in the interface roaming network submits information about the interface client to a wireless link in vicinity to the interface client. The interface client may then subsequently receive content and then display the content on a display. |
| US07849193B1 |
Multiple hyperlinks in a uniform resource locator
A hyperlinking process identifies a uniform resource locator within content (e.g., within a web page, document, etc.). The hyperlinking process further identifies a plurality of subparts of the uniform resource locator. In this manner, each subpart represents a distinct location separately referenceable from a location referenced by the entire uniform resource locator. Additionally, the hyperlinking process receives a selection of a subpart of the uniform resource locator that identifies a selected subpart. In response to the selection of the subpart, the hyperlinking process references the distinct location associated with the selected subpart. |
| US07849191B2 |
Download system, communication terminal, server, and download method
A download system capable of appropriately spreading loads on a server and on a transmission path, and further enhancing convenience in download of data. A reservation candidate acquirer of a communication terminal acquires from a software managing server reservation candidate information containing time information about time zones as candidates to which a reservation for download of an update file can be allocated. At the communication terminal a user selects a reserved time zone from the time zones corresponding to the time information included in the reservation candidate information, and the software managing server registers the reservation in the reserved time zone. Thereby, the reserved time zone can be selected from the candidate time zones transmitted by the software managing server and the candidate time zones are determined based on a reservation table set so as to spread loads on the software managing server and on the transmission path. |
| US07849188B2 |
End-to-end tracking of asynchronous long-running business process execution language processes
Computer implemented method, system and computer usable program code for end-to-end transaction tracking of long-running processes such as a Business Process Execution Language (BPEL) process in a data processing system, such as a data processing system implemented in a Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA). A computer implemented method for tracking and correlating transactions in a process in a data processing system includes gathering instance identification data and instance state data regarding a transaction and storing the instance identification data and instance state data in association with transaction data regarding the transaction. Asynchronous event data is collected, and transaction performance information for an asynchronous event within the transaction is calculated using the transaction data. A tracking report of the transaction is then generated using the calculated transaction performance information. |
| US07849186B2 |
Device, method and system for detecting unwanted conversational media session
Some embodiments of the invention relate to a method and a system for detecting unwanted conversational media session data. In accordance with one aspect of the invention, a method of detecting unwanted conversation media session data according to some embodiments of the invention may include calculating two or more progressive similarity scores each with respect to a different instant during a progress of a real-time conversational media session, wherein each of said scores is associated with a similarity between the conversational media session's media data that was available at the associated instant and a reference data item corresponding to media data of a previous conversational media session, and evaluating progressive similarity between the real-time conversational media session and the reference data item based upon the two or more progressive similarity scores. |
| US07849184B1 |
Method and apparatus of monitoring the status of a sensor, monitor, or device (SMD)
A method or apparatus for monitoring the status of an SMD is described. |
| US07849181B2 |
Notification device interaction
Devices and methods are disclosed for establishing device interaction among electronic devices of a device environment and a notification device interfaced with the user. Notification devices allow the user to communicate directly with the device environment, such as by entering information in a mobile phone that has a wireless connection to the environment. A device of the environment has a first transmitter and receiver for communicating with other devices, such as a notification device within the environment. In the instance where a notification device is located remotely, the device of the environment may also include a second transmitter and receiver for communicating with the remotely located notification device through a remote communications transport. A memory stores interaction rules and translation rules, and a processor implements the interaction rules and translation rules to establish interaction with the notification device. Methods may involve detecting a change of state at a device and then communicating with the notification device in accordance with the interaction rules and translation rules thereafter. Methods may also involve directing a message from a notification device to a device of the environment, such as through the remote communication transport, and then communicating from the device of the environment to additional devices. |
| US07849179B2 |
System and program for managing devices in a network
Provided are a system, and program for managing devices in a network. A command of a first type to perform device management operations with respect to at least one device in the network is received, wherein the received command is capable of being directed to at least one of a plurality of devices in the network. A determination is made from a first mapping of a network address of the device to which the received command is directed. A determination is made from a second mapping of at least one command of a second type associated with the received command of the first type, wherein the mapping indicates a mapping of at least one parameter included in the received command of the first type to at least one parameter in the associated command of the second type. The determined command of the second type is generated to include as parameters the at least one parameter from the command of the first type indicated in the second mapping and the generated command of the second type is transmitted to the determined network address. |
| US07849177B2 |
System for on-demand access to local area networks
A roaming company makes payments to an aggregator of independent WLAN operators in exchange for providing Internet access services to subscribers of the roaming company. Independent WLAN operator accounts are maintained at the aggregation company. |
| US07849175B2 |
Control center pages
Systems and techniques to provide control center pages in a portal. In general, in one implementation, the technique includes enabling a user of a portal to navigate between control level pages and execution level pages without losing work performed in the execution level pages. The control level includes user-centric control center page(s) that provide the user with personal resources and serve as an anchor, or “home”, page. |
| US07849173B1 |
System for on-demand access to local area networks
A roaming company makes payments to an aggregator of independent WLAN operators in exchange for providing Internet access services to subscribers of the roaming company. Independent WLAN operator accounts are maintained at the aggregation company. |
| US07849171B2 |
Method and apparatus for monitoring remote devices by creating device objects for the monitored devices
A method and apparatus for monitoring at least one network connected device (monitored device) using a controller is disclosed. More specifically, a method and apparatus for easily creating device objects representing the monitored device is described. Initially, the controller/monitoring system attempts to establish communication with the monitored device. If the controller cannot be configured to interface with the monitored device, configuration information, such as manufacturer, model, and a unique identifier from the monitored device are obtained. In the process of determining the configuration information, a determination is made to find out if the monitored device is supported by the controller using information from System Support Database (SSD). A device object is created using information from the SSD, thus establishing a communication protocol between the controller and the monitored device Subsequently, configuration information for the monitored device is updated in the System Configuration Database (SCD). |
| US07849170B1 |
Dynamically providing communication accounts using a communication account system
A communication account system for dynamically providing communication accounts to communication devices for immediate transfer to users. The communication account system comprises a communication account server and an interface system coupled to the communication account server. The communication account server is configured to validate a communication device in response to a communication account request message from the communication device, associate a communication account with the communication device in response to the validation, and generate a response message indicating the communication account in response to the association. The interface system is configured to receive the first message from the communication device and transfer the second message to the communication device for the communication account server. |
| US07849168B2 |
Network switching apparatus, server system and server migration method for server system
A network switching apparatus, a server system and a server migration method for the server system are provided which can perform server migration easily. The server system has a physical server, a physical server having a server virtualization mechanism, a network switching apparatus having a plurality of ports and a management server connected to the network switching apparatus for managing a server migration process for using a migration destination virtual server as the physical server of a migration source, wherein the management server has a migration mechanism for transmitting setting information to be designated to the plurality of ports to the network switching apparatus during the server migration process, and the network switching apparatus changes settings of the plurality of ports in accordance with the transmitted setting information on the plurality of ports. |
| US07849160B2 |
Methods and systems for collecting data for media files
A method of collecting data in connection with the retrieval of a media file includes the steps of transmitting to a media device an embedded media player page for playing the media file and transmitting a media file identification message to a log server. The media file identification message identifies the media file. The log server records that the media file has been selected for play back by a user in a log associated with the media file. |
| US07849159B2 |
Method and apparatus for distributing binary presentations within digital media content files
A method and apparatus for distributing binary presentations within digital media content files includes receiving a first digital media content file of a first digital media file type and including first digital media content and a binary presentation embedded within the digital media file, facilitating rendering of the binary presentation contemporaneously with rendering of the first digital media content, receiving a second digital media content file of a second digital media file type and including second digital media content and the binary presentation embedded within the second digital media file, and facilitating rendering of the binary presentation contemporaneously with the rendering of the second digital audio content. |
| US07849158B2 |
Content delivery system
To provide a content delivery system, a content delivery server, an information processing terminal, a content delivery program and a content delivery method with which content can be delivered appropriately while accommodating variations in resource conditions. A content server receives a delivery request from an information processing terminal and a resource condition of that terminal, modifies content corresponding to the delivery request in accordance with the resource condition, and delivers the content. The information processing terminal extracts the resource condition, transmits the resource condition and/or a content delivery request to the content server, receives the content delivered from the content server, and executes the content. |
| US07849157B2 |
System and method for consumer entitlements in portal services
A system to support consumer entitlement that allows Producer web applications to decide which portlets to be offered to Consumer web applications can comprise: a role set which includes a plurality of roles; a Consumer web application adapted to interact with end users; and a Producer web application with a set of portlets operable to be combined in a unified portal for end users. The Producer web application operates to: define a property set that allows end users to input values for the property set; map the Consumer web application to one particular role in the role set; and check for portlets that are available among the set of portlets based on the particular role. |
| US07849156B2 |
Method, apparatus and computer program product for discovering and prioritizing patterns of component usage in a virtual application container for enhancing prefetching
Disclosed is a method, computer program product and a server unit of a virtual execution environment having at least one client. The server unit includes a network interface for conducting bidirectional communications with the at least one client and a control unit configured to determine, for individual ones of positions in a virtualized execution of an application, those components that are required at each position; to establish a pseudo-distance between the positions in the virtualized execution of the application; and to identify components that are candidates for prefetching as those components required at one or more positions that are proximate to a current position. The pseudo-distance between positions is indicative of an urgency of prefetching candidate components for regulating an amount of resources devoted to the prefetching of components. |
| US07849153B2 |
Disk system adapted to be directly attached
A network-attached disk (NAD) system is disclosed that includes an NAD device for receiving a disk access command from a host through a network, and a device driver at the host for controlling the NAD device through the network, where the device driver creates a virtual host bus adapter so that the host recognizes the NAD device as if it is a local device to the host. The host may run the UNIX or Windows family of operating systems. The NAD device includes a disk for storing data, a disk controller for controlling the disk, and a network adapter for receiving a disk access command from the host through a network port. |
| US07849152B2 |
Method and system for controlling and monitoring a web-cast
A method and system of providing control by a client of a Web-cast from a telephone, the method comprising: receiving from the client Web-cast configuration data at a web server, updating Web-cast parameters in accordance with the Web-cast configuration data and storing the Web-cast parameters in a database; receiving initiation instructions at the telephony server for the Web-cast from the client via the telephone and initiating the Web-cast in accordance with the Web-cast parameters stored in the database; receiving content data at the telephony server from the telephone, formatting the content data at the telephony server, storing the content data at a file storage server and providing content pull instructions to an encoder server; receiving the content pull instructions at the encoder server, pulling the content from the file storage server based upon the content pull instructions and encoding the content into streaming content at the encoder server; and receiving the streaming content at a media server and streaming content to an end user computer. |
| US07849149B2 |
Method and system for controlling the exchange of vehicle related messages
The present invention comprises a message portal for administering and controlling the exchange of vehicle-related messages between a remote location and a vehicle and a method thereof. In one embodiment, the message portal receives a message from the remote location and determines when the message should be broadcast to a vehicle. The priority of the message is determined by several variables—all which may be updated and/or customized by a user through a user interface. The message portal and method can also automatically relay a vehicle fault message to a remote location, which then analyzes the fault and sends a response message back to the driver. |
| US07849148B2 |
Instantaneous symbol lookup
A computer program assists in the completion of text input provided by a user. For example, the computer program may maintain a list of n-tuples (where n>1), each of which includes n text strings. For example, each n-tuple may include a stock ticker symbol and the name of a company having that stock ticker symbol. As the user types each character, the program determines whether the text typed by the user so far matches any of the text strings in the n-tuples. The program provides the user with an indication of whether any matches have been found, such as by displaying a list of the n-tuples having text matching the text typed by the user so far. The program then allows the user to select one of the matching n-tuples. The program uses text (such as a stock ticker symbol) from the user's selection to complete the text input. |
| US07849147B2 |
Method and apparatus for summarization of threads in electronic mail
The present invention discloses a pre-processing summarization technique that makes use of knowledge specific to the electronic mail domain to pre-process an electronic mail message so that commercially-available document summarization software can subsequently generate a more useful summary from the message. The summarization technique removes extraneous headers, quoted text, forward information, and electronic signatures, leaving more useful text to be summarized. If an enclosing electronic mail thread exists, the summarization technique uses the electronic mail message's ancestors to provide additional context for summarizing the electronic mail message. The disclosed system can be used with IBM Lotus Notes and Domino infrastructure, along with existing single-document summarizer software, to generate a summary of the discourse activity in an electronic mail thread dynamically. The summary may be further augmented to list any names, dates, and names of companies that are present in the electronic mail message being summarized. |
| US07849144B2 |
Server-initiated language translation of an instant message based on identifying language attributes of sending and receiving users
Language translation of instant messages between a sending party and a destination party is automatically performed, based on the instant messaging system automatically determining the respective language preferences of the sending and receiving parties. The instant messaging system automatically determines the respective language preferences based on existing subscriber profile attributes for the sending and receiving parties, and automatically translates between the respective language preferences, without the necessity of any manual user intervention by any of the parties during the instant messaging session. |
| US07849143B2 |
System and method of dynamic management of spam
There is disclosed a system and method of dynamically managing spam directed to a communications device. In an embodiment, a contact for each incoming message item is compared to contacts on a whitelist. If the contact is not found on the whitelist, the contact is added to a blacklist based on predetermined criteria. At a selected time, a summary of each message item corresponding to a contact on the blacklist is made available to the communications device. Based on this summary, a user selects contacts to transfer from the blacklist to the whitelist. The user selection is received, and any message items corresponding to a contact on the whitelist are transmitted to the communications device. |
| US07849140B2 |
Peer-to-peer email messaging
System and method for facilitating communications between peers in a peer-to-peer environment and network email clients. In one embodiment, network nodes including peer nodes may host mail transfer agents. The mail transfer agents may act as bridges between peer-to-peer protocols and email communication protocols. The mail transfer agents may communicate with peers according to peer-to-peer protocols and with email clients according to email communications protocols. Peers may communicate with mail transfer agents to send peer-to-peer messages to email clients. Email clients may communicate with the mail transfer agents to send email messages to and receive email messages from other email clients via the peer-to-peer network and to obtain peer-to-peer messages from peers. |
| US07849139B2 |
Adaptive search in mobile peer-to-peer databases
Information is stored in a plurality of mobile peers. The peers communicate in a peer to peer fashion, using a short-range wireless network. Occasionally, a peer initiates a search for information in the peer to peer network by issuing a query. Queries and pieces of information, called reports, are transmitted among peers that are within a transmission range. For each search additional peers are utilized, wherein these additional peers search and relay information on behalf of the originator of the search. |
| US07849137B2 |
Interactive contribution widget
A system and a method for facilitating interactions between users such as social interactions across computer networks such as the Internet are disclosed. In one embodiment herein, a plurality of distributed user computers, each user computer capable of accessing a webpage is provided. An interactive contribution widget (ICW) is provided that comprises an ICW server application for providing social interactions, and an ICW player for allowing the users to interact with each other. As per the embodiments of the invention, the ICW player is executed on a small space on the webpage being accessed by the user computer, thereby facilitating the users to interact with each other while staying on the said webpage. |
| US07849136B2 |
Computer program product and system comprising community management method
The present invention provides a community computing method and system comprising a step of community formation forming a community by defining a goal, policies, members, operations among the members, an operation situation of the community and an idle situation of the community, a step of community standby both waiting for an operation starting timing and organizing an actual community member, after the step of community formation, a step of community activation both being self activated and starting an operation, when the community operation situation is ready while the community monitors a context information, after the step of community standby, a step of community deactivation both temporarily stopping an operation for itself and waiting for a next community operation, when the community satisfies the goal of the community, or a situation to deactivate comes in, after the step of community activation; and, a step of community termination terminating all operations for itself in case the community does not need to operate any more. |
| US07849135B2 |
Sharing content on mobile devices
Sharing content among users of mobile devices is facilitated by a system and method that employs a content sharing application to receive requests to share content with one or more users of mobile devices. Content providers provide some of the information in such requests to share content by including, in addition to the content, links or other user-selectable options to share the content. A provided application program interface makes it easy for content providers to participate. Users of devices such as personal computers or mobile devices browse content and select content to share with friends or other users of mobile devices using an intuitive interface. Recipients of shared content receive messages from the content sharing application indicating that they have been selected to receive shared content. Such messages may provide direct or indirect access to the shared content via the recipient mobile device. |
| US07849132B2 |
Information processor and information processing system
The information processor includes a device communication performance management module. The device communication performance management module includes: a communication performance evaluation unit that measures and evaluates the communication performance with respect to a device to be used when it is used by a device-use application; a device naming rule management unit that manages a naming rule for incorporating the communication performance evaluated by the communication performance evaluation unit into the name of the device file for a device as the target of evaluation; and a device file management unit that creates a device file for a device as the target of evaluation in accordance with the naming rule based on the result of communication performance evaluation. The result of communication performance evaluation by the communication performance evaluation unit is incorporated into the name of a device file and the evaluation result is thereby provided to a device-use application. |
| US07849131B2 |
Method of enhancing rendering of a content item, client system and server system
A client system (200, 220) receives a content item. The user can mark the received content item as being of interest. In response to said marking, tracking means (204, 224) automatically provide identifying data for the marked content item to a remote server system (250). The server receives a portion of the content item from a client system (200, 220), processes the received portion to obtain an identifier for the content item, obtains further information on the content item using the identifier, and transmits the further information back to the client system (200, 220). The tracking means (204, 224) subsequently receive further information on the content item from the remote server system (250). An identifier for the content item can be used in an e-commerce system (160), for example by putting it on a shopping list (161) or to obtain a list of related items. |
| US07849126B1 |
System and method for fast matrix factorization
The Present invention provides a system and method for fast computing the Cholesky factorization of a positive definite matrix. In order to reduce the computation time of matrix factorizations, the present invention uses three atomic components, namely MA atoms, M atoms, and an S atom. The three kinds of components are arranged in a configuration that returns the Cholesky factorization of the input matrix. |
| US07849123B2 |
Pipeline-based reconfigurable mixed-radix FFT processor
The present invention discloses a fast Fourier transform (FFT) processor based on multiple-path delay commutator architecture. A pipelined architecture is used and is divided into 4 stages with 8 parallel data path. Yet, only three physical computation stages are implemented. The process or uses the block floating point method to maintain the signal-to-noise ratio. Internal storage elements are required in the method to hold and switch intermediate data. With good circuit partition, the storage elements can adjust their capacity for different modes, from 16-point to 4096-point FFTs, by turning on or turning off the storage elements. |
| US07849121B2 |
Optical-based, self-authenticating quantum random number generators
Various embodiments of the present invention are directed to methods and systems for generating random numbers. In one embodiment, a quantum random number generator comprises: a state generator configured to generate a quantum system in a coherent state; a polarization states analyzer configured to project the quantum system onto one of four different polarization states, and detect each of the four different polarization states; a raw bit generator configured to convert the quantum system into a single photon and detect the single photon in either a first polarization state that corresponds to a first binary number or a second polarization state that corresponds to a second binary number; and a system control configured to receive signals from the polarization states analyzer and the raw bit generator, the signals corresponding to the polarization states, and output a random number based on the first and second polarization states of the single photon. |
| US07849120B2 |
Microprocessor with random number generator and instruction for storing random data
A microprocessor includes a random number generator circuit (RNG) within its instruction set architecture (ISA). An RNG buffer accumulates zero or more bytes of random data generated by the RNG. An RNG counter maintains a count of the accumulated random data bytes. An instruction translator translates instructions of the ISA. The ISA includes a distinct instruction that instructs the microprocessor to write the bytes from the buffer to a first user-visible register of the microprocessor and to load the count from the counter to a second user-visible register of the microprocessor. The count is unspecified by the instruction and may be between zero or more. In another embodiment, the instruction instructs the microprocessor to store a number of random data bytes specified from the buffer to a destination specified by the instruction, wherein the specified number may be greater than the maximum amount of bytes the buffer can hold. |
| US07849112B2 |
Using a file handle for associating the file with a tree quota in a file server
To avoid the need for storing a tree quota identifier attribute for every file in a quota tree, a tree quota identifier is included in the file handle returned by the file server to a client in response to a directory lookup request. The file server discovers that the file is in a quota tree when searching along a path specified by the file pathname and finding a directory having a tree quota identifier. The file server responds to a client request for changing the storage resources used by the file by inspecting the file handle and upon finding the tree quota identifier in the file handle, using the tree quota identifier to index a tree quota database to find usage and limits for the tree quota. The file server checks the limits against any increase in the storage resources for the file, and updates the usage. |
| US07849108B1 |
Methods and systems for establishing a database
In one embodiment, a system for converting a flat-file containing pooled endowment fund data into a fund management database is provided. The system comprises a client computer, an import template, and a server. The server further comprises a database and an import utility, wherein data is moved from a previous source to the import template on the client computer and sent to the server. The import utility receives, parses and rationalizes import template data, converts balances, loads historical data and configures a relational database for use. The system allows a user to create a relational database from a flat-file, such as a spreadsheet. |
| US07849105B2 |
Desktop, stream-based, information management system
A stream-based document storage and retrieval system accepts documents that are in diverse formats and come from diverse application, automatically creates document model objects describing these documents in a consistent format and associating time stamps with the documents to automatically create a main stream in chronological order. The stream, or sub-streams meeting selected search criteria, are displayed in a variety of forms, including a receding, partly overlapping stack with aids that facilitate user interaction. |
| US07849104B2 |
Searching heterogeneous interrelated entities
Systems and methods for searching heterogeneous interrelated entities for a heterogeneous entities search query are disclosed herein. A user may enter the heterogeneous entities search query. The search retrieves and returns multiple types of heterogeneous entities. The retrieved heterogeneous interrelated entities are searched in a unified matrix that represents relationships between one or more heterogeneous entities. The retrieved heterogeneous interrelated entities may have one or more entity types. The set of retrieved interrelated entities may also be ranked based on the similarity between each entity and the search query. Feedback may also be incorporated into the system to improve search accuracy. |
| US07849103B2 |
Relationship collaboration system
A computer implemented method of processing data containing information about relationships between contacts and a community of contact owners, includes: collecting data having contact information, contact owner information and one or more values related to the strength of a relationship between the contact and the contact owner; evaluating the strength of the relationship based on the one or more values; and storing the collected data and evaluated strength in a computer database. |
| US07849102B2 |
Availability data service
Real time availability data (free/busy data) is provided for potential meeting attendees and/or assets. An availability service is queried for availability data for one or more attendees and/or meeting assets. The availability service determines the identity of an electronic mailbox server on which is stored current real time calendaring data for the desired attendees and/or assets. The requested data is retrieved by the availability service from one or more mailbox servers having data for each attendee and/or asset. Potential attendees may set permissions on their respective availability data to restrict the amount and types of data that may be retrieved by a given data requester. Data queries and data responses may be structured according to the Extensible Markup Language (XML) and application programming interfaces (API) may be exposed for allowing requesting applications to efficiently call the availability service for availability data. |
| US07849100B2 |
Method and computer-readable medium for generating usage rights for an item based upon access rights
A method and computer-readable medium are provided for generating usage rights for an item based upon rights to access the item. According to the method, a request is received at a document management system for an item stored in a library. In response to the request, access rights to the item for the requester are determined and usage rights are generated based upon the access rights. An encrypted file is then created that contains the item and the usage rights for the item. The location of the item in the library may also be included in the protected file. When an attempt is made to store the item back in the library, a comparison is made between the location where the item was previously retrieved from (as specified within the item) and the requested location in the library for saving the item. The item is only saved in the library if the two locations match. |
| US07849099B2 |
Document management method and apparatus thereof
A check-out document cannot be updated by another operator unless an operator who checked out that document cancels the check-out status or checks in the document. To remove this inconvenience, document data is set in an exclusive state with respect to another user, and a password required to cancel the exclusive state is generated. The exclusive state of the document data is canceled based on an instruction of a user who instructed the exclusive state or an instruction of the other user with the password, thus updating the document data. |
| US07849096B2 |
Multiple parameter data media search in a distributed network
Disclosed is a method and system directed to a management of distributed database data and file access and retrieval by providing a multiple parameter data media search. Conventional models generate search results based upon the text entered into the search box by the user. Unfortunately, the existing conventional models have certain limitations in use, distribution, and deployment. The present invention relates to the creation of multi-parameter search tools that allow for searched materials to be quantified by numerous logical searching parameters. An example embodiment (i) provides a plurality of parameters, each of the plurality of parameters having a respective range of terms; (ii) displays the plurality of parameters; (iii) displays the respective ranges of terms; (iv) solicits from the user at least one search selection from the displayed ranges of terms; (v) performs a search from the at least one search selection; and (vi) returns a search result to the user. |
| US07849090B2 |
System, method and computer program for faceted classification synthesis
A method (system and computer program product) performs facet classification synthesis to relate concepts represented by concept definitions defined in accordance with a faceted data set comprising facets, facet attributes, and facet attribute hierarchies. Dimensional concept relationships are expressed between the concept definitions. Two concept definitions are determined to be related in a particular dimensional concept relationship by examining whether at least one of explicit relationships and implicit relationships exist in the faceted data set between the respective facet attributes of the two concept definitions. |
| US07849088B2 |
Representation and extraction of biclusters from data arrays
Gene expression, or other data is analyzed for the presence of biclusters. The data is represented as geometric data. Lines, planes and/or hyperplanes are detected in the geometric data using a transform such as a Hough Transform or its variations. The detected lines, planes and hyperplanes are analyzed to determine if they correspond to biclusters in the original data. |
| US07849085B2 |
System and method for implementing MBSTRING in weblogic tuxedo connector
MBSTRING was originally defined in Tuxedo as a new multi-byte string buffer type to facilitate the support and manipulation of multi-byte encoded application data. Code set information is carried along with the data, and automated code set conversion is performed as needed when data is transmitted between system hat use different code sets. The present invention provides the same capability in WTC to facilitate customer integration of WLS and Tuxedo. WTC allows applications to be used with Tuxedo. |
| US07849083B2 |
Automatic creation of output file from images in database
A query is run against a database with information related to images. Images of interest are selected for inclusion in an output file, for example, a presentation application file. Configuration and other choices are made regarding the output file, and any other information needed to generate the output file is gathered. When all the necessary information is available, an output file is automatically generated and delivered to a user. The output file includes the selected images and identifying information about the images. |
| US07849078B2 |
Generating searchable keywords
Generating searchable keywords includes obtaining sets of parameters that include weights, where the weights correspond to actions for changing first words into predicted keywords, using the sets of parameters to obtain predicted keywords from the first words, determining a prediction value for each set of parameters, where the prediction values are based on an extent to which predicted keywords for a set of parameters match predefined keywords, ranking the sets of parameters based on prediction values, and applying a selected set of parameters to a second word to obtain a new keyword, wherein the selected set of parameters is applied based on rank. |
| US07849072B2 |
Local terminal search system, filtering method used for the same, and recording medium storing program for performing the method
A local terminal search system is provided, which includes a search request processing unit, a search/index unit, a filtering unit, and a complex-structured file preprocessing unit. The search request processing unit receives search request information and converts search result information into prescribed document format and provides it to a search interface program. The search/index unit searches a local terminal using a search keyword in the search request information to generate search result information and indexes information stored in the terminal. The filtering unit collects information of files stored in the terminal for filtering and determines if a file corresponding to the collected information is a complex-structured file which requires more than a prescribed threshold time for filtering and filters the file if it is not a complex-structured file. If it is a complex-structured file, the file preprocessing unit extracts or generates information required for filtering to generate preprocessed information segments. |
| US07849071B2 |
Geographical location extraction
A geographical location extraction method and tool to infer a likely geographical location from one or more search terms entered as a query by a user on a search engine or the like. The method includes receiving in a computer memory a search term entered by a user and controlling a processor for utilising processes of word analysis, to determine which parts of a search query comprise location names and provide an indicator of the extent to which a given search term or part thereof should be treated as a geographical location, and inferring from the word analysis a likely geographical location. The likely geographical location so inferred may then be stored in computer memory for further processing or display. |
| US07849069B2 |
Method and system for federated resource discovery service in distributed systems
Resources disposed within a plurality of distributed and autonomous computing systems, each of which may have its own legacy resource discovery service, are identified and allocated. Resource identification servers disposed within each one of the distributed computing systems communicate resource attribute data to a tree hierarchy of dedicated servers. The resource attribute data are maintained in native formats within the distributed computing systems and are mapped to a common format provided by the dedicated servers. The resource attribute data are aggregated at each node within the tree hierarchy, communicated up through the tree hierarchy to one or more root nodes and replicated down through all of the nodes. Additional system robustness is provided through period resource checks and resource attribute data updates. Resource allocation queries are submitted to any level node within the hierarchy and forwarded to the proper computing system for processing. |
| US07849068B2 |
Remotely updating a status of a data record to cancel a workstation deployment
A system and program product for updating a data record of a database to cancel a deployment of a computer workstation. A deployment status is changed from a starting status to a deployed status via intermediate statuses and then the deployment is canceled. From a decision tree stored in the database, a list of identifiers that identifies an ordered list of software routines is generated. An email message is created that includes a selectable object and a hidden field. The list of identifiers is inserted into the hidden field. The email message is sent to a user. The user's selection of the selectable object is received. The list of identifiers is obtained from the hidden field and the software routines are retrieved from the database. The software routines are executed in their order to update the status from deployed to the starting status via updates to the intermediate statuses. |
| US07849066B2 |
Apparatus and method for determining adequacy of information retrieving process
The apparatus acquires retrieval history data of information retrieval to be determined, and acquires voice data of the conversation heard about information necessary for the information retrieval. A predetermined keyword dictionary is referred to from the voice data, and an expression matching a keyword indicating necessary information for information retrieval is extracted, and defined as a keyword obtained before retrieval. Then, the keyword obtained before retrieval and the retrieval history data (a retrieval key, a selected document, and an order in the retrieval result of the selected document) are compared with the best case data accumulated in the best case data storage unit, the applicability of the keyword obtained before retrieval and the applicability of the retrieval key are determined, and the applicability of the information retrieving process is obtained based on the determination. |
| US07849065B2 |
Heterogeneous content indexing and searching
Embodiments are provided to manage information associated with a number of disparate information sources. Metadata and/or other information can be extracted from a file, data stream, or other information source. The extracted metadata and/or other information can be used when performing indexing and searching operations. In one embodiment, a system includes a data structure having a uniform metadata representation and metadata handler for interacting with the data structure. The data structure can be associated with an underlying file or some other information source. The embodiments provide extensibility and can be tailored according to a desired implementation. |
| US07849054B2 |
Method and system for creating and maintaining version-specific properties in a file
A method and system creates and maintains a version-specific attribute or property that is stored as part of a file in a file system, contains specific version information relating to how or when the attribute was created and is automatically invalidated when a predetermined “update” event occurs. Third party applications generally create and access these versions-specific attributes to thereby eliminate the need for external logs or databases to store persistent state information. |
| US07849047B2 |
Method and system to analyze domain rules based on domain coverage of the domain rules
Methods and systems to analyze domain rules based on domain coverage of the domain rules are provided. First, the system receives a first plurality of data items from a database utilized by an information storage and retrieval platform, respectively counting the first plurality of data items to determine a total quantity of data items. Next, the system applies a plurality of rules to the first plurality of data items to identify a second plurality of data items associated with a first domain based on the respective rule, respectively counting the first plurality of data items to determine a first quantity of data items. Next, the system determines a percentage of coverage for the first domain, the percentage of coverage based on the first quantity of data items and the total quantity of data items. Next, the system represents the percentage of coverage as a first interface element within an interface. |
| US07849046B2 |
Online consultation system, online consultation apparatus and consultation method thereof
The system includes at least one server, at least one query terminal and at least one answer terminal. The query terminal can utilize the online consultation apparatus of the invention, and transmit at least one query and a coordinate point of the query terminal to the server based on the position of the query terminal. The server then actively transmits the query to the potential answer terminals in the vicinity of the coordinate point of the query terminal. Accordingly, the query terminal could obtain at least one response/answer and a coordinate point of the answer terminal through the server. |
| US07849045B2 |
System and method for building a rulebase using a stateful or stateless rulebase builder in a client-server environment
A method for building a rulebase includes receiving a plurality of rulebase components. The method also includes merging the rulebase components to create a consolidated rulebase. |
| US07849044B2 |
System and method for automatic task prioritization
A system and method for automatic task prioritization comprises one or more task queues, a monitoring module, and a decision engine. The decision engine receives tasks and assigns a priority code to each task. Each task is inserted into one of the task queues according to its priority code and the priority codes of other tasks which may be present in the task queues. Agents select tasks to perform from the task queue according to priority guidelines established by a system user. The monitoring module may monitor the order of the tasks selected by the agents and each task's priority code. The monitoring module feeds this information back to the decision module. In one embodiment, the decision module is a learning system that updates stored data using feedback from the monitoring module to determine priority of each task. |
| US07849042B2 |
Search result optimization method and device that adjusts reliability values of documents and orders retrieved documents
An information searching method is disclosed that is able to effectively utilize non-content descriptive information to optimize preliminary search results and thus improve searching precision. The information searching method includes the steps of extracting one or more non-content characteristics of a document from a document set, analyzing the extracted non-content characteristics, generating an optimizing tool, and optimizing a preliminary search result with the generated optimizing tool. |
| US07849035B2 |
Method and apparatus for organizing information in a computer system
A method and apparatus for organizing information in a computer filing system. The method and apparatus include the creation of a pile comprising a collection of documents and displaying a graphical representation of the collection of documents. The method and apparatus further include browsing the collection of documents by pointing a cursor at a particular item in the collection of documents to reveal an indicia for the particular item in the collection of documents. The filing system can automatically divide a pile (e.g. a collection of documents from an electronic mail network) into subpiles on the basis of the content of each document in the pile, and the filing system, at the users request can automatically file away documents into existing piles in the computer system on the basis of a similarity match between the content (or other internal representation) of the document and the content (or other internal representation) of existing piles in the computer system. The filing system can also create a pile from a sample document by using the internal representation of the document as the internal representation of the new pile. The computer filing system provides various interfaces in connection with piles to the user of the system to provide feedback and other information to the user, including information concerning the documents and piles in the computer's filing system. |
| US07849034B2 |
Method of emulating human cognition in a brain model containing a plurality of electronically represented neurons
A method of emulating the human brain with its thought and rationalization processes is presented here, as well as a method of storing human-like thought. The invention provides for inclusion of psychological profiles, experience and societal position in an electronic emulation of the human brain. This permits a realistic human-like response by that emulation to the people and the interactive environment around it. |
| US07849029B2 |
Comprehensive identity protection system
A system and method for protecting identity fraud are disclosed. A system includes a detection subsystem to identify applications and/or accounts at risk of identity fraud, and a disposition subsystem to process data provided by the detection system and to determine whether identity fraud exists in the applications and/or accounts. According to an implementation, one or more neural network models are defined, each neural network model being configured to handle a class of cases related to the subject and a specific data configuration describing a case of the class. The one or more neural network models are run to generate data requests about the subject's identity, and the data requests are passed to a detection system that monitor transactions associated with the subject. Additional data associated with the transactions is requested until a threshold certainty is achieved or until available data or models are exhausted. |
| US07849026B2 |
System and method for simulating conciousness
A simulated consciousness method (10) for an improved human/computer interface. A computer system (12) is programmed to have a Digital Life Form (32) possessing a plurality of attributes (65). A plurality of actions (64) taken relative to objects (60) in the environment (30) contribute to simulated feelings (76) which ultimately control the viability of the Digital Life Form (32). When there are not sufficient energy packets (66) to sustain the Digital Life Form (32) then simulated death 52 results. Therefore, only actions (64) which contribute to the viability of the Digital Life Form (32) are repeated in the long-run. Some of those actions (64) include perception of reality, concept formation, and natural language processing. |
| US07849024B2 |
Imaging system for producing recipes using an integrated human-computer interface (HCI) for image recognition, and learning algorithms
A Recognition Frame presents multi-level application elements to the user simultaneously through a computer graphical user interface. The interface consists of an image display panel for displaying image channels; a data display panel for displaying object measurements and summary statistics; a configuration display panel for displaying recipe content; a master tab for selecting the panels. It also consists of a processing toolbar for context dependent processing tool display. The Recognition Frame further comprises a second side frame for data object display and charting. The second side frame has a tabular arrangement consisting of properties tab, controls tab, and charts tab. The Recognition Frame links application elements through a complex data model wherein interface display is automatically updated when one element is changed. |
| US07849007B2 |
Pay yourself first with transfer options
The invention encourages users to not only pay themselves first, but to pay themselves first in the largest amounts possible, even if they are not able to fully pay outstanding debts. In general, the system obtains information related to the user's income, income sources, user's debts (e.g., bills) and user's goals. The system then provides recommendations related to the prioritization of paying certain bills and the amount to pay for each bill based upon, for example, savings goals, minimum amounts due, due dates and available income. The system and/or the user may then determine a payment hierarchy which includes transferring funds to the user's savings account prior to paying all or a portion of certain bills, wherein the transfer of funds may include different funds transfer systems and methods. |
| US07849003B2 |
Methods and systems for opening and funding a financial account online
Methods and systems for monitoring an online account opening service. One system can include an account management system that performs an online account opening service and includes a management console application. The online account opening service electronically receives account application information and funding information specifying at least one funding source, processes the account application to assess a risk to a financial institution of opening an account for a customer, processes the funding source information to assess a risk to the financial institution of transferring funds from the at least one funding source to the account, and electronically transfers funds from the at least one funding source to the account based on the risk to the financial institution of opening the account for the customer and the risk to the financial institution of transferring funds from the at least one funding source to the account. |
| US07849001B2 |
Method, apparatus and interface for transaction toggling
A method for submitting transactions from an automated trading tool to an electronic exchange. The method includes defining a proximity limit and automatically generating a transaction for a tradeable object. The method further includes applying the proximity limit to the transaction. When the transaction falls within the defined proximity limit, the transaction is submitted to the exchange. An apparatus and interface for transaction toggling based on proximity limits are also provided. |
| US07848997B2 |
Securities settlement system
A securities settlement system for settling trades in central depository systems is disclosed. The securities settlement system includes a credit line structure forming a tree structure with a number of levels with credit nodes. The securities settlement system also includes a control system for minimizing the transfer of cash between accounts by propagating cash obligations for each node in the tree structure to a highest common node. |
| US07848995B2 |
Financial decision systems
The financial decision system provides for real-time calculation of buying pressure and selling pressure for any tradable instrument market. Additionally, it provides real-time visual simultaneous plots and charts of buying pressure and selling pressure. Further, the system automatically presents buy and sell indicators and expert commentary based on automatically detected market trend changes. The system automatically analyzes market trends and changes in multiple timeframes simultaneously to identify, in real time, multiple confirmations of suggested trading actions, such as buying or selling. The system also encompasses training materials and methods necessary for teaching concepts and methods of usage to improve the likelihood of success for new users. |
| US07848993B1 |
System and method for modifying trading strategies based on message usage
A system and method are provided for implementing an electronic exchange-based transaction message policy. One example method includes defining a message usage threshold to be used in relation to a client entity that utilizes one or more trading strategies and sends transaction messages to an electronic exchange. The method further includes dynamically monitoring the message usage at the client entity and comparing it to the defined message usage threshold. If the message usage exceeds the threshold limit, the method includes adjusting one or more trading strategies at the client entity in attempt to not violating the exchange-based transaction message policy. |
| US07848991B1 |
System and method for modifying trading strategies based on message usage
A system and method are provided for implementing an electronic exchange-based transaction message policy. One example method includes defining a message usage threshold to be used in relation to a client entity that utilizes one or more trading strategies and sends transaction messages to an electronic exchange. The method further includes dynamically monitoring the message usage at the client entity and comparing it to the defined message usage threshold. If the message usage exceeds the threshold limit, the method includes adjusting one or more trading strategies at the client entity in attempt to not violating the exchange-based transaction message policy. |
| US07848990B1 |
System and method for displaying market information and order placement in an electronic trading environment
A system and method are provided for displaying a trading screen and placing an order in an electronic trading environment. The system and method may be used to assist a trader in selecting an item of interest, such as the inside market (best bid and best ask) to be displayed relative to a user configured location on the trading screen, such as the center of the trading screen. In a preferred embodiment, the inside market will stay located relative to center of the trading screen and the price levels associated to the inside market will move as the market conditions fluctuate. Other features and advantages are described herein. |
| US07848988B2 |
Automated service level management in financial terms
Electronic contracts or “eContracts” for representing service level agreements are provided. In one illustrative embodiment, the eContract may comprise information pertaining to: (a) descriptions of business transactions in IT terms; (b) financial implications of business transaction service levels; and (c) reporting to be done in business terms. Of course, the eContract may comprise other terms and conditions. In an illustrative aspect of the invention, a system for managing IT resources in terms of business financials comprises an electronic contract authoring system or “ecAuthoring system,” an electronic contract manager module or “ecManager,” and one or more electronic contract agent modules or “ecAgents” that may run on IT elements (e.g., components of the network) that are being managed. Analysts interact with the ecAuthoring system to construct eContracts. An eContract is input to an ecManager that interprets the contract to report on and optimize IT resources based on business financials. The ecManager collaborates with ecAgents to monitor, report, and enforce contracts expressed in such business terms. |
| US07848987B2 |
Determining portfolio performance measures by weight-based action detection
A portfolio-analysis tool receives data that describe an actual portfolio. It computes from those data the returns or other performance measures of hypothetical portfolios whose holdings are drawn from the assets that the actual portfolio held during some period. Among the purposes of doing so is to detect biases made in investment-portfolio actions of the type taken, for instance, to accommodate cash inflows and withdrawals. For that purpose, differences between the hypothetical portfolio and the actual portfolio are so made as to offset portfolio actions identified by finding differences between the weights that positions actually exhibit and the weights they would result from return only. Returns for the hypothetical portfolio are computed by calculating an offset return incrementally, one such offset at a time, and then computing the hypothetical portfolio's return as the sum of quantities proportional to the offset return and that of the actual portfolio. |
| US07848985B2 |
Multi-asset participation structured note and swap combination
The present invention provides a unitary note investment instrument and method of use that has two performance components. An investor invests in the issuer the principal amount of the investment. The first component is a base portfolio. The second component is keyed to a passive commodity index, having long and short positions. The instrument's commodity index exposure is established as the product of a leverage factor of at least 100% and the amount of the base portfolio exposure. The return to the investor comprises the change in value of both the base portfolio exposure and the commodity index exposure over a predetermined period of time multiplied by a payout factor. |
| US07848984B1 |
Method and system for collaborating advisors
A common collaboration tool for a financial services client and authorized advisors to work together online through the common tool is provided. The tool enables a scope of authorization to be given to advisors and/or other participants for security and confidentiality reasons. The tool enables advisors (and/or other participants) to access information submitted (or authorized) by the client to collaborate as a cohesive team in sharing information, devising a plan, addressing client's concerns, drafting (or modifying) a document and performing other services for the client. |
| US07848982B2 |
Method and system of aggregating consideration associated with a request
A method, apparatus and system of method and system of aggregating consideration associated with a request is disclosed. In one embodiment, a method includes generating a request (e.g., may include a performance request, an article request, a mission and/or an altruistic request) of an entity based on a set of parameters provided by an initiating patron of the entity, allocating an initial consideration to the request from the initiating patron, generating a profile of the request having the initial consideration in a request aggregation environment and allocating, to the initial consideration, an additional consideration provided when a different patron contributes the additional consideration to the request. The method may include determining whether contact information of the entity provided by the initiating patron and the different patron references to a verified contact data and communicating the request to the entity based on the contact information and the verified contact data. |
| US07848979B2 |
System, method, software arrangement and computer-accessible medium for incorporating qualitative and quantitative information into an economic model
A system, method, software arrangement and computer-accessible medium can be provided for incorporating quantitative and qualitative information into an economic model is provided. An exemplary method for analyzing qualitative information associated with a characteristic of at least one entity based on associated quantitative information, includes, obtaining first information which contains at least in part a qualitative information relating to at least one of the at least one entity; determining second information associated with at least one attribute of the characteristic obtained from the first information; obtaining third information which contains at least in part quantitative information associated with at least one of at least one entity; and establishing fourth information as a function of the second information and the third information to determine which of at least one attribute affects the characteristic. For example, an observable economic variable can be characterized using numerical and qualitative information associated with one or more of the entities. The influence of the quantitative and qualitative information on the observable economic variable for a given entity relative to other entities may be determined using statistical regressions. |
| US07848978B2 |
Enhanced transaction resolution techniques
A method for completing a transaction is presented. The method comprises establishing network communications between a user and a server, receiving information, at the server, regarding the transaction, seeking available information pertinent to the transaction from at least one source external to the server and the user, processing data from the available information using a rules based engine including rules established on behalf of a party to the transaction located at the server, and presenting an offer set to the user based on at least one decision made by the rules based engine. The transaction may be one according to a variety of scenarios, and the user may be a appropriate party to the transaction. The user may employ various devices to contact the server and seek to complete the transaction. |
| US07848977B2 |
Private label purchase card acceptance systems and methods
A method of processing a purchase card transaction includes receiving a transaction request at a host computer system from a point-of-sale device of a first merchant. The transaction request comprises transaction details relating to a purchase from the first merchant using a private label purchase card relating to a second merchant and an issuer. The first merchant and the second merchant are different merchants. The transaction details comprise at least an identifier relating to the first merchant, an amount, and an account identifier relating to the private label purchase card. The method further includes evaluating at least a portion of the account identifier, recognizing that the account identifier relates to the issuer, routing at least a portion of the transaction request to the issuer, and facilitating a payment from the issuer to the first merchant. |
| US07848975B2 |
Application of general instruments in a central securities depository (CSD)
A Central Securities Depository (CSD)-system carries out corporate actions in financial instruments. All financial instruments in the CSD-system are defined based on at least one of four functional basic building blocks: a first block for generating payments, a second block for requesting payments, a third block for adding holdings in an instrument, and a fourth block for removing holdings in an instrument. |
| US07848974B1 |
Electronic acquisition of bill payment information from a financial account
A system and method for computer-implemented method for setting up customer bill payment information associated with a first financial account maintained by a first financial institution in a second account maintained by a second financial institution is provided. A request to transfer bill payment information from a first account with a first financial institution into a second account with a second financial institution is received from a customer, wherein the first account comprises first customer bill payment information, and wherein the transfer request comprises account access information usable to access the first account. The customer bill payment information is acquired by the second financial institution using a computer. The customer bill payment information is set up in the second account. |
| US07848971B1 |
Integrated online chat within an income tax preparation product
A computer implemented method involves requesting assistance while completing a first page of an online financial document, and engaging in a discussion using a chat window to obtain assistance in completing the online financial document, where the chat window is integrated with the online financial document, and where the chat window is displayed on a same screen as the online financial document. |
| US07848963B2 |
Automatic auction method and system on server-client system
An automatic auction method which makes it unnecessary for bidders to stay before auction terminals at the time of auction and which makes possible auction transactions on an open network on which it is difficult to assure the on-line and real time properties. A plurality of auction ordering information pieces each containing a desired price, number of purchase, and a highest possible price in competition for the desired price and received from bidder terminals via on-line circuits are collected. Until an auction issue appears, the price is lowered. If there is at least one auction issue and a desired quantity which is the sum total of the numbers of purchase of the auction issues is not satisfied, then it is determined whether there is an auction issue coinciding in price by comparing the set price with (the desired price+the highest possible price in competition). Until the desired quantity is satisfied, the price is raised. |
| US07848962B2 |
List-based selection system and methods for using the same
A system and methods for enabling a user to create a list of items on a portable computing device, to communicate with external devices to locate each of the items available on the list within a geographically limited area, to provide users with visual or aural cues as to the location of items on the list, to progress through the list of items as each item is selected or rejected, and providing discounts toward, information about, or alternatives to the available items on the list. |
| US07848961B2 |
System, method and article of manufacture for shipping a package privately to a customer
Methods and systems consistent with the present invention facilitate in sending a package (112) to a customer at a physical address via a shipper (106) while preserving customer privacy. In accordance with an embodiment, an order is received from the customer (102). The order may include a unique identifier corresponding to the customer. A package (110) is sent to the shipper (106) in fulfillment of the order, the package including the unique identifier. Then, the customer's physical address is derived from the unique identifier and the package is delivered (112) from the shipper to the customer's physical address. |
| US07848959B2 |
Digital online exchange
A system for dynamically pricing media content is operatively coupled to one or more clients over a network. The system dynamically adjusts pricing of the media content and delivers the media content to the clients that order the media content at a dynamically adjusted price. The price can be dynamically adjusted based on profit optimization. Alternatively or additionally, the price can be adjusted based to time between purchases. Further, the system is capable of rewarding institutions for allowing their members to access the system. |
| US07848956B1 |
Creative media marketplace system and method
A creative marketplace system and a computer-based method for marketing creative media include providing a computer system, the computer system defining a database. Inputs are received with said computer system from a plurality of potential sellers of media content and a plurality of potential purchasers of media content. Wherein, the inputs received from a potential seller include at least a portion of media content and media content data. The media content data includes a characteristic of media content and/or a characteristic of the potential seller of that media content. Wherein, the receiving inputs from a potential purchaser include receiving a selection of media content desired. The media content desired is selected from a characteristic of media content and/or a characteristic of the potential seller of that media content. Media content data is submitted that corresponds with media content desired by at least one potential buyer. The media content and media content data may be required to be submitted to a quality review process prior to submitting to at least one potential buyer. |
| US07848953B2 |
Order fulfillment logic for a field service system
In one embodiment, an order pertaining to one or more items available at multiple inventory locations associated with an organization is received, and a preference order fulfillment list is created for the multiple inventory locations based on one or more criteria configurable by the organization. |
| US07848950B2 |
Method and apparatus for collaborative filtering of card member transactions
The disclosed system allows a credit or charge card issuer to provide its card members with a list of merchants, products, services, vacation destinations or other offerings that might be of interest based on the purchases of similar card members. In one instance, this process looks at all card members that made purchases at a merchant and then it identifies all other merchants in the same category where those card members also made purchases. The associated merchants are ranked based on largest number of shared card members and the top results may be shared with card members or merchants in order to enhance promotions, card use and marketing. |
| US07848947B1 |
Performance management system
A performance management system (1) has a database (9) with KPI (10), Results & Ratings (11), and configuration date (12) tables. Configuration functions (8) configure the system to the environment and information management functions perform raw data capture and processing. The configuration functions (8) include a data dictionary function for formulation of calculation rules, and an objective wizard function for configuring objectives. Objectives are associated with individual agents by associating appraisal rating groups and data dictionary items with objectives. The objectives are grouped into objective groups, in turn associated with individual agents. |
| US07848940B1 |
Method, system and apparatus to facilitate conditional purchase orders with bounce back functionality
A conditional purchase offer (CPO) management system, including bounce back capability, provides for receiving CPOs from one or more customers, such as airline passengers, and for evaluating the received CPOs against a number of CPO rules defined by a plurality of sellers, such as airlines, to determine whether a principal (any seller, agent or operator of the CPO management system) is willing to accept a given CPO. A customer whose CPO has been accepted may receive a bounce back offer from a vendor (supplier-partner) of other services or products—e.g., an automobile rental. The bounce back process determines whether a supplier-partner can participate in a bounce back transaction. For example, in the case of an airline passenger in need of an automobile rental, the bounce back process determines whether an automobile rental company is located in the flight destination area and has excess capacity. If an automobile rental company is located in the customer's destination area and has excess capacity, a bounce back offer may be made to the customer in accordance with a supplier-partner allocation process. If a bounce back transaction is effectuated between the customer and supplier-partner the partner notifies the principal of the transaction. In the case of automobile rentals, the bounce back process permits a traveler to recognize reduced automobile rental rates while enabling a rental agency to more effectively manage its excess capacity. The CPO management system employing bounce back capability can be utilized to acquire any underlying product and/or service and bounce back product and/or service. |
| US07848935B2 |
Medical information event manager
An event management system and method detects the occurrence of events as a function, at least in part, of information and data gathered from monitoring one or more patients with a medical information system. Event detection processes can be defined and then triggered to cover any of a variety of circumstances. For instance, event detection processes can be defined that, when triggered, indicate that a certain patient (or patients) would make a suitable candidate for that clinical trial, a patient is a candidate for a certain type of treatment, or hospital resources are being utilized in a certain manner. That is, such events may relate to the efficiency or inefficiency in use of certain resources, or such events may concern usage under certain circumstances. |
| US07848934B2 |
Remote prescription refill system
A central station is provided to which the pharmacy can forward calls at the convenience of the pharmacy. A caller will call in to the pharmacy to request a refill and the call will be automatically routed to the central facility unbeknownst to the caller. The central station will obtain the refill information required, preferably by means of an automated computer system as is known in the art. This information can then be transferred to the pharmacist in a number of ways, such as by periodically faxing the information to the pharmacy. Voice messages could be flagged and the pharmacist would have to call into the central facility to obtain the voice mail message. Alternatively, a PC could be installed in the pharmacy having a reduced version of a complete, stand-alone program. The refill information can then be sent to the pharmacy by modem and the pharmacist could see a computer display of the refill orders and could hear voice messages. Alternatively, the information could be e-mailed to the pharmacy. Finally, a pager system may be utilized to alert the pharmacist to retrieve orders by telephone with a password. It should also be noted that orders could be taken by the central station over the Internet rather than merely through customer calls. The central station can communicate with a pharmacy management service to obtain prescription refill authorization. |
| US07848932B2 |
Stereo encoding apparatus, stereo decoding apparatus, and their methods
A stereo audio encoding apparatus capable of preventing degradation of the sound quality of a decoded signal, while reducing the encoding bit rate. A spatial information analyzer analyzes spatial information for each of a L channel signal and an R channel signal. A similarity raiser corrects, based on an analysis result of the spatial information analyzer, a difference between the spatial information of the L channel signal and that of the R channel signal, to raise a similarity between the L and R channel signals. A channel signal encoder uses a sound source common to the two channels to encode the L and R channel signals as raised in similarity and output the resultant single encoded information. A spatial information encoder encodes the analysis result of the spatial information analyzer to output the resultant encoded information. |
| US07848931B2 |
Audio encoder
An audio encoder, which is capable of encoding multiple-channel signals so that only a downmixed signal is decoded and of further generating specific auxiliary information necessary for dividing the downmixed signal, is provided.An audio encoder (10), which compresses and encodes audio signals of N-channels (N>1), includes a downmixed signal encoding unit (11) which encodes the downmixed signal obtained by downmixing the audio signals, and an auxiliary information generation unit (12a) which generates auxiliary information necessary for decoding the downmixed signal encoded by the downmixed signal encoding unit (11) into N-channel audio signals. The auxiliary information generation unit (12a) includes transformation units (121) and (122) which transform audio signals respectively into frequency domain signals, a detection unit (123) which detects phase difference information and gain ratio information each indicates a degree of difference between frequency domain signals, and a quantization unit (125) which quantizes, for each frequency band, the phase difference information and gain ratio information detected by the detection unit (123) using the quantization precision setting table (124). The quantization precision setting table (124) functions as a division unit which divides a frequency band of a frequency domain signal into plural sub-bands. |
| US07848927B2 |
Speech recognition device and method of recognizing speech using a language model
A speech recognition device is provided which includes: a language model storage unit which stores a language model indicating appearance probabilities of words or word sequences; an acoustic feature amount extracting unit and a checking unit which extract a feature amount of an inputted speech signal, and identifies the word or word sequence corresponding to the speech signal by checking the extracted feature amount with the language model stored in the language model storage unit; an obtained word signal receiving/analyzing unit which obtains and analyzes the word; and a language model adjusting unit which identifies the appearance probability of the word based on the time elapsed after obtaining the word by the obtained word signal receiving/analyzing unit and which adjusts the language model by reflecting the identified appearance probability on the language model stored in the language model storage unit. |
| US07848926B2 |
System, method, and program for correcting misrecognized spoken words by selecting appropriate correction word from one or more competitive words
A speech recognition system is provided where a user may more efficiently and easily correct a recognition error resulting from speech recognition. The system compares multiple inputted words with multiple stored words and determines a most-competitive word candidate. The system selects one or more competitive words that have competitive probabilities close to the competitive probability of the most-competitive word candidate and displays the one or more competitive words adjacent to the most-competitive word candidate. The system selects an appropriate correction word from the one or more competitive words and replaces one of the most competitive word candidate with the correction word. |
| US07848925B2 |
Scalable encoding apparatus, scalable decoding apparatus, scalable encoding method, scalable decoding method, communication terminal apparatus, and base station apparatus
A scalable encoding apparatus, a scalable decoding apparatus and the like are disclosed which can achieve a band scalable LSP encoding that exhibits both a high quantization efficiency and a high performance. In these apparatuses, a narrow band-to-wide band converter receives and converts a quantized narrow band LSP to a wide band, and then outputs the quantized narrow band LSP as converted (i.e., a converted wide band LSP parameter) to an LSP-to-LPC converter. The LSP-to-LPC converter converts the quantized narrow band LSP as converted to a linear prediction coefficient and then outputs it to a pre-emphasizer. The pre-emphasizer calculates and outputs the pre-emphasized linear prediction coefficient to an LPC-to-LSP converter. The LPC-to-LSP converter converts the pre-emphasized linear prediction coefficient to a pre-emphasized quantized narrow band LSP as wide band converted, and then outputs it to a prediction quantizer. |
| US07848923B2 |
Method for reducing decoder complexity in waveform interpolation speech decoding by converting dimension of vector
Provided is a method for converting a dimension of a vector. The vector dimension conversion method for vector quantization includes the steps of: extracting a specific parameter having a pitch period from an input speech signal and then generating a vector of a dimension that varies according to the pitch period; dividing an entire frequency domain of the generated vector of the variable dimension into at least two frequency domains; and converting the vector of the variable dimension into vectors of mutually different fixed dimensions according to the divided frequency domains. Thereby, not only an error due to the vector dimension conversion is suppressed but codebook memory required for the vector quantization is effectively reduced. |
| US07848922B1 |
Method and apparatus for a thin audio codec
An apparatus and method for encoding and decoding a voice signal. The apparatus includes an encoder configured to generate an output bitstream signal from an input voice signal. The output bitstream signal is associated with at least a first standard of a first plurality of CELP voice compression standards. Additionally, the apparatus includes a decoder configured to generate an output voice signal from an input bitstream signal. The input bitstream signal is associated with at least a first standard of a second plurality of CELP voice compression standards. The CELP encoder includes a plurality of codec-specific encoder modules. Additionally, the CELP encoder includes a plurality of generic encoder modules. The CELP decoder includes a plurality of codec-specific decoder modules. Additionally, the CELP decoder includes a plurality of generic decoder modules. |
| US07848921B2 |
Low-frequency-band component and high-frequency-band audio encoding/decoding apparatus, and communication apparatus thereof
An audio encoding apparatus capable of improving a frame cancellation error tolerance without increasing a number of bits of a fixed codebook in a CELP type audio encoding. A linear prediction analyzer analyzes an input digital speech signal and outputs linear predictive coefficients. A linear predictive coefficients quantizer quantizes the linear predictive coefficients. A low-frequency-band component encoder encodes a down-sampled linear-predictive residual signal by a pulse-code-modulation encoder and generates low-frequency-band component encoded information, while a high-frequency-band component encoder encodes an error signal between a linear-predictive residual signal and an up-sampled signal of a decoded down-sampled linear-predictive residual signal by a code-excited-linear-prediction encoder and generates high-frequency-band component encoded information. |
| US07848915B2 |
Apparatus for providing feedback of translation quality using concept-based back translation
A concept-based back translation system includes a target language semantic parser module, a source language semantic parser module, a bi-directional machine translation module, a relevancy judging module, and a back translation display module. |
| US07848911B2 |
Method of determining measurement uncertainties using circuit simulation
A method of determining a measurement uncertainty of a test system uses a test system model having a plurality of uncertainty terms entered into a simulator. The test system model is run on the simulator a sufficient number of iterations while randomly varying each of a first portion of the plurality of uncertainty terms within probability distributions to produce a statistically significant number of results of a selected parameter. The results are evaluated to determine a measurement uncertainty of the selected parameter. |
| US07848910B2 |
Method for analyzing the behavior of complex systems, especially internal combustion engines
A method for analyzing the behavior of complex systems, particularly internal combustion engines, wherein a model is established which shows the dependence of test variables on input variables, calibrating the model based on test values of the real system obtained at the test points subdividing into at least two partial models a first principal influential parameter is identified for the first partial model, an optimal value of the first principal influential parameter is determined at each test point, the first principal influential parameter is interpolated for all plausible constellations of input variables to calibrate the first partial model, another partial model is established to show another subset of test variables in accordance with the input variables and the previously determined first subset of test variables, an additional principal influential parameter is identified for the other partial model, and an optimal value of the additional principal influential parameter is determined at each test point. |
| US07848908B2 |
Method for optimizing acoustic comfort in a mobile vehicle passenger compartment
A method for optimizing sound and vibration comfort in a mobile passenger compartment, the method applied by a design team to carry out overall design of the passenger compartment and/or by at least one equipment supplier to carry out design of a portion of the passenger compartment. The method establishes target values to be achieved for well-identified comfort indices, defines requirements and input data relating to plural equipment suppliers to obtain a totality of information relating to the passenger compartment, estimates values of the comfort indices and compares them with the target values, and then modifies individually or in combination the input data to correlate them with the target values. |
| US07848904B2 |
Multidimensional sensor data analyzer
A multidimensional sensor data analyzer that includes: discretizing values in multidimensional sensor data at index locations in value surfaces that reside in a multidimensional value space; deriving surface components resulting from the intersection of a geometric beam shape function that describing the sensor beam with the value surfaces; determining minimum-maximum index location limits for the surface components; determining surface component index points by identifying the index locations that are located within the minimum-maximum index location limits for the surface components; and generating a beam value by performing a beam function using the values at the surface component index points. |
| US07848902B2 |
Method and apparatus for monitoring a thermal management system of an electro-mechanical transmission
Temperature of an electric power device of a hybrid transmission is managed based upon device temperatures and power flow, ambient temperature, and a cooling circuit flow rate. |
| US07848891B2 |
Modulation ratio determination with accommodation of uncertainty
Embodiments of the present invention relate to a system and method for detecting a blood characteristic in a patient. Embodiments of the present invention may comprise detecting a first modulating signal at a first wavelength, detecting a second modulating signal at a second wavelength, and determining a relative amplitude of the first and second modulating signals. Further, embodiments of the present invention may comprise regressing the first and second modulating signals relative to one another, wherein a first uncertainty value in the first modulating signal and a second uncertainty value in the second modulating signal are accommodated. |
| US07848880B2 |
Traffic information adaptive to a user's travel
A system, method, and computer-readable medium for providing a traffic information service user with traffic information adaptive to the user's travel are described. The user's origin information, such as departure location and departure time, are identified. Upon identifying the user's origin information, the user's expected arrival times at a plurality of distance segment ends are determined. Traffic information adaptive to the user's travel are output. The traffic information may pertain to travel time, traffic flow, traffic events. The user may receive traffic information via a plurality of communication devices, such as a personal computer, a portable navigation system, a phone, or the like. |
| US07848875B2 |
Engine automatic stop-start controller
A first ignition cylinder that performs ignition first is set based on an engine stop position in automatic start. Existence/nonexistence of a misfire in the first ignition cylinder is determined based on whether a difference ΔNe between engine rotation speed at a predetermined crank angle in an interval from timing immediately before the ignition to timing immediately after the ignition of the first ignition cylinder (e.g., at TDC of first ignition cylinder) and engine rotation speed at a predetermined crank angle before ignition of a second ignition cylinder (e.g., at TDC of second ignition cylinder) is equal to or smaller than a predetermined misfire determination threshold value Nef. When misfire time number of the first ignition cylinder exceeds a predetermined value, fuel supply to the first ignition cylinder is prohibited and the automatic start is started from the second ignition cylinder. |
| US07848873B2 |
Control apparatus for internal combustion engine
An electronic control unit 9 performs a delay control for extending the period from when an engine stop request is made to when the engine is actually stopped. During non-execution of the delay control, the electronic control unit 9 adjusts the opening degree of a throttle valve 38 according to an accelerator pedal depression degree. During the execution of the delay control, the electronic control unit 9 adjusts the opening degree of a throttle valve 38 such that the opening degree becomes less than the opening degree during the non-execution of the delay control. |
| US07848872B2 |
Method and apparatus for monitoring recirculated exhaust gas in an internal combustion engine
A method for controlling EGR gas flow in an internal combustion engine during ongoing operation includes determining an engine operating point and a preferred EGR fraction for a cylinder charge based upon the engine operating point. A feed-forward command for controlling an external EGR gas flowrate to an engine intake manifold based upon the preferred EGR fraction for the cylinder charge is determined. An EGR ratio in the intake manifold is determined. And, the external EGR gas flowrate is controlled based upon the estimated EGR ratio in the intake manifold and the feed-forward command for controlling the external EGR gas flowrate. |
| US07848871B2 |
Gas-mixture-state estimation apparatus for internal combustion engine and emission-generation-amount estimation apparatus
This apparatus equally divides an injection period TAU into three periods; i.e., front, intermediate, and rear periods, and assumes that first injection (mass Q(1)) corresponding to the “front period” is executed at one time at a fuel injection start timing, second injection (mass Q(2)) corresponding to the “intermediate period” is executed at one time when ⅓ TAU has elapsed after the first injection, and third injection (mass Q(3)) corresponding to the “rear period” is executed at one time when ⅓ TAU has elapsed after the second injection. A first gas mixture based on the first injection, a second gas mixture based on the second injection, and a third gas mixture based on the third injection are individually handled, and the excess air ratio of gas mixture, the state (temperature, etc.) of gas mixture, and the emission generation amounts in gas mixture are estimated for each gas mixture. |
| US07848868B2 |
Method and apparatus for pressure reducing valve to reduce fuel pressure in a common rail
It is a objective of the present invention to provide a control apparatus which is capable of compensating a delay time for opening a pressure reducing valve since an electronic control unit sends a command signal for driving the pressure reducing valve so as to discharge high pressure fuel in a fuel accumulating device of a fuel injection system for the internal combustion engine. The delay time control apparatus for opening a pressure reducing valve has a potential for avoiding an overshoot phenomenon in which an actual pressure of fuel accumulated in the fuel accumulating device overshoots a target value of fuel pressure during the increase the fuel pressure of the fuel accumulating device. |
| US07848866B2 |
Regulation of driving dynamics, featuring advanced build-up of pressure at the wheel to be regulated
A method for improving the efficiency of a driving dynamics regulating system which intervenes in the driving operation in critical driving situations by automatic braking intervention at selected wheels. It is possible for the reaction speed of the brake system 3 to be considerably increased if, before the actual regulating intervention, the imminent critical driving situation is already detected and a slight preparatory brake pressure is already built up at least one wheel at which a future regulating intervention is expected. |
| US07848855B2 |
Method for operating a system of modular structure, in particular a process automation system
There is described a method for operating a system of modular structure, which can be extended during operation by adding modules that consume electrical energy, in particular a process automation system, the system having a power supply, which supplies the other modules of the system with electrical energy, with at least one signal being generated and displayed before a further module that consumes electrical energy is added, from which signal it is possible to identify or derive the level of current electrical power, which the power supply can still supply to the further module to be added given the already added modules—residual power—and/or the level of power, which the power supply supplies currently to the already added modules and/or from which it can be identified or derived whether the module to be added can be added without overloading the power supply. |
| US07848842B2 |
Sewing machine and sewing machine capable of embroidery sewing
A sewing machine including a needle-swing mechanism that swings a needle bar; a cloth-feed mechanism that feeds a workpiece cloth by a feed dog; an imaging unit that captures an image of a baseline drawn on a surface of the workpiece cloth; a baseline-color detection portion that detects a baseline color of the baseline based on an image data of the baseline captured by the imaging unit; a first storage portion storing a mapping of a plurality of baseline colors to stitch data of a plurality of normal patterns; and a control portion that forms normal pattern stitches along the baseline by reading stitch data corresponding to the baseline color detected by the baseline-color detection portion from the first storage portion and controlling the needle-swing mechanism and the cloth-feed mechanism based on the stitch data read. |
| US07848840B2 |
Method of controlling process parameters for semiconductor manufacturing apparatus
Methods and systems for adaptively controlling process parameters in semiconductor manufacturing equipment. An embodiment provides for gain scheduling of PID controllers across recipe steps. One embodiment provides a method for controlling a chuck temperature during a semiconductor manufacturing process, the method employing a first set of proportional-integral-derivative (PID) values in a PID controller to control the chuck temperature at a first setpoint in a first step of a process recipe and employing a second set of PID values in the PID controller to control the chuck temperature at a second setpoint, different than the first setpoint, in a second step of the process recipe. The methods and systems provide reduced controller response times where process parameter setpoint between steps of a process recipe span a wide range. |
| US07848838B2 |
Digital assembler for digital materials
A digital assembler for creating three-dimensional objects from digital materials made out of discrete components comprises an assembly head, error correction mechanism, parts feeder, and a controller. The assembly head comprises several blades, each with a different function, that move in a linear direction as a unit, assembling the object line-by-line. One blade adds digital materials, another performs error recognition, another performs error removal, and another fills in new digital material where previously removed. In a method for building a structure out of digital materials, a new line is fed to the assembly head and added to the structure. Simultaneously, the new line is pressed down, the last line is checked for errors, the line before last is removed if errors were found during the last cycle, and the line second before last is replaced if it was removed during the previous cycle. |
| US07848835B2 |
High power laser flat panel workpiece treatment system controller
A pulsed DUV workpiece treatment apparatus and method for delivering light to irradiate the workpiece, for crystallization of a material on the workpiece, carried on a work stage, which may comprise a pulsed laser DUV light source and an optical train producing a very narrow width very elongated beam of light pulses with a set of parameters required to be maintained within a respective selected narrow range of values on a pulse to pulse basis is disclosed, which may comprise: a laser controller; a work stage controller; a system controller receiving process recipe control demands from a customer recipe control command generator and providing control signals to the laser controller and the workstage controller, which may comprise: a database driven process controller which may comprise: a database containing generic process command steps selectable by a user through an external process user interface. |
| US07848832B2 |
Alignment apparatus
To be able to restrain a height of a machine even when the machine is large-sized and smoothly move a table in XYθ directions.An alignment apparatus includes two translational freedom degree guide portion (13), one rotational freedom degree guide portion (12), a translational drive/translational/rotational freedom degree mechanism module (6) including a linear motor provided at one of the translational freedom degree guide portion (13), a machine base portion (7), a reference generator portion (8), a two-dimensional position sensor (9), a calculating portion of compensation value (10). At least three of the translational drive/translational/rotational freedom degree mechanism modules (6) are uniformly arranged to a table (4). |
| US07848824B2 |
Sealed medical electrode package
A sealed medical electrode package comprises first and second electrodes each comprising a conductive layer (14) disposed on one major surface of a flexible nonconductive backing sheet (10). The electrodes are disposed with their conductive layers (14) face-to-face and their backing sheets separably sealed together around their peripheral edges so that the backing sheets form a substantially gas-impermeable enclosure containing the conductive layers. In an alternative embodiment (FIG. 6) a respective electrical contact extends through each backing sheet into electrical contact with the respective conductive layer, and a substantially gas-impermeable packaging material encloses the electrodes. The packaging material has a respective aperture exposing each electrical contact, the periphery of each aperture being sealed to the backing sheet around the respective contact. |
| US07848822B2 |
Cardiac force sensor and methods of use
A method and apparatus permit sensing one or more forces exerted by one or more portions of a heart. A force transducer and displacement sensor are disclosed. A movement of one or more portions of a heart can be translated into one or more signals indicative of force. These signals can be used to provide information such as to diagnose or treat one or more conditions. |
| US07848816B1 |
Acquiring nerve activity from carotid body and/or sinus
An exemplary includes acquiring an electroneurogram of the right carotid sinus nerve or the left carotid sinus nerve, analyzing the electroneurogram for at least one of chemosensory information and barosensory information and calling for one or more therapeutic actions based at least in part on the analyzing. Therapeutic actions may aim to treat conditions such as sleep apnea, an increase in metabolic demand, hypoglycemia, hypertension, renal failure, and congestive heart failure. Other exemplary methods, devices, systems, etc., are also disclosed. |
| US07848810B1 |
Use of implantable sensors for proprioception and accurate sensor detection
Implantable systems, and methods for use therewith, are provided for using an implantable sensor for detecting body position and/or body movement, and using what is learned therefrom to improve accuracy of an implantable sensor that is sensitive to at least one of body position and/or body movement. Also provided are implantable systems, and methods for use therewith, that detect body position and/or body movement in order to monitor a condition and/or detect specific episodes. Other embodiments are also provided. |
| US07848807B2 |
Closed loop optimization of A-V and V-V timing
Embodiments of close loop optimization of atrio-ventricular (A-V) delay interval and/or inter-ventricular (V-V) timing are disclosed. An implantable medical device includes a housing that supports a processing means adapted for implantation in a patient. There can be two or more electrodes electrically coupled to the processing means where the two or more electrodes can be used for sensing a patient's cardiac signals, which include a far-field EGM. The processing means can determine a width of a P-wave from the sensed far-field EGM. Also included can be a means for delivering an adapted cardiac pacing therapy based upon the width of the P-wave, including revised A-V delay and/or V-V temporal intervals. |
| US07848804B1 |
Apparatus and related methods for capacitor reforming
An apparatus and related methods for reforming a capacitor. One method includes charging the capacitor to a first voltage value, allowing the capacitor to self discharge, measuring a time it takes for the capacitor to self discharge to a second voltage value, and determining whether to reform the capacitor depending upon the measured self-discharge time. |
| US07848797B2 |
Motor unit number estimation (MUNE) for the assessment of neuromuscular function
A method for the assessment of neuromuscular function by motor unit number estimation, comprising: (i) determining and controlling stimulation and data acquisition process via pre-configured electrode array so as to acquire stable and less uncertainty MU responses; (ii) pre-processing acquired MUs responses so as to attenuate noise, determine MUs activity region, and improve processing speed and accuracy; (iii) minimizing alternation effects by globally searching and comparing SMUPs; (iv) eliminating alternation effects by identifying alternating MUs directly; and (v) computing and reporting MUNE results, as well as the statistical description of these MUN estimates to evaluate its robustness. |
| US07848794B2 |
Device for detecting electrical potentials of the forehead region of a patent
A device for detecting electrical potentials in the forehead area of a patient has a transverse member adapted to rest against the forehead of the patient, a vertical member extending crosswise to the transverse member and a mask on the vertical member. Electrodes are provided on the transverse members at least at its ends and at the center at which the vertical bar crosses the transverse member. |
| US07848793B1 |
Monitoring for mitral valve regurgitation
Implantable systems, and methods for use therein, for monitoring for mitral valve regurgitation (MR) are provided. An electrogram (EGM) signal and a corresponding pressure signal are obtained, where the EGM signal is representative of electrical functioning of the patient's heart during a plurality of cardiac cycles, and the corresponding pressure signal is representative of pressure within the left atrium the patient's heart during the cardiac cycles. Windows of the pressure signal are defined, based on events detected in the EGM signal, and measurements from the windows are used to monitor for MR. |
| US07848787B2 |
Relative impedance measurement
A method for calibrating impedance includes coupling at least first, second, and third electrodes at respective locations to a surface of a body of a subject. A first current passing through the body between the first and second body-surface electrodes is measured, and a second current passing through the body between the first and third body-surface electrodes is measured. From the first and second currents, a contact factor is derived that is indicative of the impedance between at least one of the body-surface electrodes and the surface of the body. Also described are methods for sensing the position of a probe and for detecting tissue contact based on a relation between currents from the probe to body-surface electrodes. |
| US07848781B2 |
Techniques to manage contact information for a subscriber identity module
Techniques to manage contact information are described. An apparatus may comprise a mobile computing device. The mobile computing device may include a subscriber identity module having a first set of contact information. The mobile computing device may also include a contact management module. The contact management module may include a subscriber identity module cache manager to retrieve the first set of contact information from the subscriber identity module and store it in a subscriber identity module cache. The contact management module may also include a contact information database having a second set of contact information. The contact management module may further include a contact database manager to retrieve the first set of contact information from the contact information database and the second set of contact information from the subscriber identity module cache for a contact application. Other embodiments are described and claimed. |
| US07848778B2 |
Method and apparatus for adjusting reference oscillator frequency in a mobile wireless device
A method and apparatus for using a conventional oscillator in a cellular telephone transceiver as a source of a reference signal for a GPS receiver. In one embodiment, the method comprises using a voltage-controlled oscillator (“VCXO”) within a cellular telephone transceiver to generate a reference frequency signal for the GPS receiver. Circuitry within the telephone transceiver generates a frequency error signal. Both of these signals are coupled to GPS circuitry and used to control a carrier numerically controlled oscillator (“NCO”) and a code NCO. The NCOs produce a tuning signal and a timing signal, respectively. The GPS circuitry uses the NCO generated signals to process GPS signals. |
| US07848774B2 |
Method and apparatus for selecting service path in relay communication system
A method and apparatus for selecting a service path of a Mobile Station (MS) in a relay communication system. The method includes periodically transmitting, by a Base Station (BS), a preamble (or pilot) signal to the MS and Relay Stations (RSs) existing within a cell; measuring, by the RSs, a Signal-to-Interference and Noise Ratio (SINR) of a BS-RS link, and transmitting the measured SINR and the preamble (or pilot) signal to the MS; by the MS, measuring an SINR of each link using signals received from the BS and the RSs; and by the MS, computing throughput in consideration of the SINR of each link and frequency resources reused in the RSs existing within the cell, and selecting a service path having the highest throughput. |
| US07848771B2 |
Wireless terminals
A wireless terminal includes a housing (10) containing a substrate (12) having a ground plane, RF components mounted on the substrate, a PIFA (Planar Inverted-F Antenna) (16) carried by the substrate and coupled electrically to the RF components for transmitting and receiving signals and a notch antenna (14) in the substrate for receiving signals in a frequency band at least partially overlapping the transmission bandwidth of some of the signals transmitted by the PIFA. The notch antenna is de-activated when the PIFA (16) is being used for transmitting a signal lying within the said transmission bandwidth. |
| US07848763B2 |
Method for pulling geographic location data from a remote wireless telecommunications mobile unit
A method to remotely determine a location of a mobile unit without intervention by a user of the mobile unit is provided. The mobile unit may receive a location query, download location data from a GPS, and transmit the location data via a wireless telecommunications network. For example, a call center may initiate a location query using a voice channel call to the mobile unit. In addition, the mobile unit may select a mode of communication from a number of alternative modes of digital wireless communication based upon a determined characteristic of the transmission mode. By way of example, the determined characteristic could be a transmission speed, cost of transmission, or signal strength of the selected communication mode. Furthermore, the unit may be a battery pack or other accessory device attachable to a wireless telephone handset, or integrated within a mobile unit. |
| US07848762B2 |
Computationally-efficient estimation of the location of a wireless terminal based on pattern matching
A method of using a non-GPS-derived technique to estimate the location of an Assisted-GPS-enabled wireless terminal for the purposes of generating location-specific assistance data for the wireless terminal is disclosed. The wireless terminal then uses the assistance data to acquire and process one or more GPS signals and to derive information that is probative of the wireless terminal's location. The GPS-derived location information is then combined with non-GPS-derived location to form an estimate of the location of the wireless terminal that is better than can be derived from either alone. This combination of GPS-derived and non-GPS techniques is particularly useful when the wireless terminal can only acquire one or two GPS signals because it is not possible to determine the location of the wireless terminal with only two GPS signals alone. |
| US07848761B2 |
System and method for global positioning system (GPS) based presence
A telecommunications system includes a plurality of network clients (150) including a positioning controller (504) and a communications controller (502); and a positioning server (152) including a coordinating controller (161) for maintaining a database of network clients to be tracked and provide updates of position-related information to a presence server (104). The plurality of network clients (150) are configured to transmit position information received via the positioning controller (504) to the positioning server (104) using the communications controller (502). |
| US07848758B1 |
Dynamic allocation of carrier frequencies in wireless wide area networks
Methods and systems are provided for dynamic allocation of carrier frequencies in wireless wide area networks (WWANs). A first base station among a plurality of base stations in a WWAN determines that a level of load in a wireless coverage area exceeds a load threshold, and responsively (i) obtains a first keycode from a keycode library, wherein the first keycode then becomes unavailable to the other base stations of the plurality of base stations, (ii) identifies a carrier frequency, and (iii) uses the first keycode to activate the identified carrier frequency in the wireless coverage area. |
| US07848755B2 |
Method for recovering ARQ data in wireless portable internet system
In an Automatic Repeat reQuest (ARQ) method for recovering ARQ data by a target base station when handover of a mobile terminal is performed from a serving base station to the target base station in a portable Internet system is provided. First ARQ data, which includes a first service data unit (SDU), a first ARQ block sequence number, and a first sub-ARQ block sequence number, that are buffered in the serving base station are received and second ARQ data, which includes a second SDU, are received from the serving base station. The received first SDU is divided into ARQ blocks and is transmitted to the mobile terminal; and the received second SDU is divided into the ARQ blocks and is transmitted to the mobile terminal. |
| US07848754B2 |
Dual band/dual mode mobile communication terminal and control method thereof
The present invention relates to a dual band/dual mode mobile communication terminal, which can perform stable roaming between synchronous and asynchronous mobile communication networks. The mobile communication terminal of the present invention includes an antenna (410), an asynchronous RF device (420), a synchronous RF device (430), and a common module (440). The antenna (410) transmits/receives radio waves to/from an asynchronous mobile communication network (100) and a synchronous mobile communication network (200). The asynchronous RF device (420) performs asynchronous communication with the asynchronous mobile communication network (100) through the antenna (410). The synchronous RF device (430) performs synchronous communication with the synchronous mobile communication network (200) through the antenna (410). The common module (440) provides common resources at the time of wirelessly communicating with the synchronous and asynchronous mobile communication networks through the synchronous and asynchronous RF devices. |
| US07848752B2 |
Short-range wireless communication system and a handoff processing method therefor
Disclosed is a handoff processing method capable of restarting fast communications. The handoff processing method stores in a handoff buffer Host Control Interface (HCI) data and transmission data upon communications in a state where an Access Point is interlinked with an external device. Further, the method forwards the HCI data and the transmission data buffered in the handoff buffer to a new Access Point (AP) transmitting a message indicating setup completion of a connection if the message indicating setup completion of a connection with the external device is transmitted from the new AP after a handoff occurs as the external device moves. Accordingly, throughputs are not lowered despite handoff occurrences in poor wireless channel environments, so that service quality can be enhanced. |
| US07848749B2 |
Method and apparatus for activating a dormant mobile unit in a distributed network
The present invention provides a method of wireless telecommunication in a distributed network comprised of a plurality of access points. The method includes receiving information indicating that a dormant call session is to be activated. The method also includes providing an identifier indicative of the dormant call session. The identifier includes information indicative of an access point having information indicative of a state of the call session stored thereon. |
| US07848741B2 |
Method and system for interference detection
One or more electromagnetic energy measurements are generated. Each of these measurements corresponds to an available communications bandwidth for a communications device and indicates a frequency of a radio frequency (RF) signal source. From these measurement(s), one or more interference sources are identified. These measurements may include a series of electromagnetic energy measurements over a predetermined time period. An interference source may be identified when each measurement in the series of electromagnetic energy measurements indicates an RF energy source at the same frequency. Each of these measurements may be stored. In addition, statistics regarding these measurements may be generated. |
| US07848738B2 |
Teleconferencing system with multiple channels at each location
A method is disclosed that breaks the “one line, one location” paradigm of teleconferencing in the prior art. The teleconference bridge in the illustrative embodiment is able to utilize more than one audio channel from each location, where there are multiple signal sources present in the room. As a result, the bridge is able to determine acoustically whether two are more endpoints are collocated with each another. During an initialization sequence, the bridge transmits special audio signals to one or more endpoints present in a particular sound field; those endpoints then play the signals out of their loudspeakers. Based on a characteristic (e.g., amount of correlation, signal strength, etc.) of the signals received at each microphone present in the same sound field, the bridge determines whether to include or exclude signals that are received from a first endpoint when preparing a signal for transmission to a second endpoint during a conference call. |
| US07848737B2 |
Apparatus and method for fraud prevention when accessing through wireless local area networks
The present invention addresses the problem of detecting possible fraud situations where there may be a plurality of access sessions simultaneously active in a user session for a user, the access sessions established through a number of access points of one or more wireless local area networks (WLAN). Therefore, the present invention provides for a mechanism, which includes means and method, whereby user sessions suspicious of fraud are reported to the operator network holding a subscription for the user. Moreover, the present invention also facilitates support for Single Sign-On services for a user. |
| US07848732B2 |
Mobile communications devices including environmental hazard monitoring
Mobile communications devices include sensors for monitoring for environmental hazards that an individual carrying the mobile communications device may encounter when moving from place to place. Examples of such environmental hazards are smoke, poisonous gases including carbon monoxide, and the like. Upon detecting an environmental hazard, the mobile communications device of the individual may take some action. The mobile communications device may generate a local alert to call the attention of the individual to the environmental hazard. The mobile communications device may originate an outbound emergency communication to inform other parties such as emergency personnel that the environmental hazard exists. |
| US07848728B2 |
Broadband balanced frequency converter
A broadband balanced frequency converter (“BBFC”) in signal communication with a frequency source is disclosed. The BBFC may include a mixer and an active balancing element in signal communication with the mixer. |
| US07848723B2 |
Information processing apparatus and method, program and recording medium
An information processing apparatus executes processing based on received information conforming to IEEE 802.11n, and includes: an incident angle measuring unit acquiring a received signal and measuring an incident angle of the received signal's radio wave; a reliability estimating unit estimating reliability of a measurement result of the incident angle, by analyzing a state of occurrence of fading using a relationship between frequency and signal intensity of the received signal; and a processing unit executing or controlling processing utilizing the measurement result of the incident angle. The processing unit executes or controls the processing utilizing the measurement result of the incident angle if the estimating unit judges that the reliability of the measurement result of the incident angle is high, and prohibits the processing utilizing the measurement result of the incident angle if the estimating unit judges that the reliability of the measurement result of the incident angle is low. |
| US07848721B2 |
Antenna damping circuit and high frequency receiver employing same
An antenna damping circuit in which the frequency characteristics of damping amount can be made substantially flat by providing a resistor (Ra) between PIN diodes (D1, D2) having a resistance varying upon application of a control voltage (Vc) and a capacitive dummy antenna circuit (10), and setting its resistance high enough to neglect the capacity of the dummy antenna circuit (10) sufficiently when the dummy antenna circuit (10) is viewed from the side of the PIN diodes (D1, D2) thereby substantially eliminating the influence of capacity of the dummy antenna circuit (10). |
| US07848719B2 |
Ultra-wideband variable-phase ring-oscillator arrays, architectures, and related methods
Variable phase ring oscillators are described that provide a linear phase progression between adjacent elements in an antenna array by providing a symmetric ring configuration of tuned amplifiers and a single phase shifter. The ring topology is coupled to a single PLL that allows for direct modulation and demodulation of arbitrary waveforms without using RF up/down converting mixers. The PLL distributes the transmit waveforms to all antenna elements in the transmit mode and combines the received waveforms in the receive mode without any complicated power distribution network. Ultra-wideband architectures and methods are described that utilize a first reference signal source, a VPRO, and a second reference signal source. Related methods are controlling an array and beam steering are also described. |
| US07848717B2 |
Method and system for out of band predistortion linearization
The present invention discloses a method and a system for out-of-band predistortion linearization, comprising steps of: dividing base band inputted or intermediate frequency signal into an in-band signal branch and an out-of-band signal branch; processing the in-band signal to form RF (Radio Frequency) signal; processing the out-of-band signal to form out-of-band predistortion signal for pre-compensating the in-band signal; adding the in-band signal with the out-of-band predistortion signal, and taking the result as the input of RF power amplifier. The present invention compensates the nonlinear distortion of the RF power amplifier by a way of out-of-band compensating signal in a wireless communication environment, thereby avoiding the limitation of improving performance of conventional predistortion method, and solving the limitation of bandwidth and capability of the predistortion system caused by memory effect. |
| US07848716B2 |
Semiconductor integrated circuit for communication
The present invention provides a semiconductor integrated circuit for communication (RF IC) realizing high yield without deteriorating a carrier leak characteristic even when a modulation circuit is formed by using cheep parts with large variations. In a semiconductor integrated circuit (RF IC) including: an input circuit constructed by a differential amplifier circuit and a level shifter, which is provided on the ante stage of a mixer of a differential circuit called a Gilbert Cell; and a modulation circuit that performs modulation by adding an I/Q signal and a carrier wave signal, a calibration circuit for canceling a DC offset in an output of the input circuit is provided. |
| US07848714B2 |
Radio frequency circuit apparatus and radio frequency module
A radio frequency circuit apparatus and a radio frequency module which permit alleviation of the PA efficiency drop and are compatible with both a MIMO system and a conventional system are to be provided. They are provided with a plurality of power amplifiers for amplifying a transmit signal and the plurality of power amplifiers include at least two power amplifiers differing in maximum output power from each other, and at least one out of the plurality of power amplifiers is used according to the communication system. |
| US07848712B2 |
CMOS RF switch for high-performance radio systems
A wireless device includes high-performance CMOS RF switches that include serially connected transistors coupled between an input terminal and an output terminal, with an inductor coupled from the input to the output that resonates out the capacitance of the transistors to improve isolation. The transistors have a floating/bootstrapped body with remote body contacts. |
| US07848705B2 |
Information processing apparatus and information processing method having communication function
The present invention is an information processing apparatus which obtains identification information of an electronic device and makes communication with the electronic device via a network based on the identification information. When a portable telephone (11) is placed on an input display section (2) of a personal computer (1), a reader/writer built in the personal computer (1) reads a telephone number of the portable telephone (11) stored in an RF tag built in the portable telephone (11). Based on the telephone number, a telephone line is connected between the portable telephone (11) and the personal computer (1). Data is interchanged between the portable telephone (11) and the personal computer (1) via the telephone line. |
| US07848702B2 |
Emergency lighting system
An emergency system for providing an emergency function is described in which the system is required to provide an autonomous and self-diagnostic capability so the system can be tested when not in operation in an emergency situation. A plurality of emergency devices 14 are provided which have transmitters and receivers for producing a mesh network (FIG. 1). Each device 14 has a processor 60 for establishing a preferred wireless communication link of the mesh network to another device 14 for relaying signals and messages. The devices 14 are arranged in subnets 50 and the subnets are also grouped into groups of devices 14 which may cross various subnets 50 so that only one group of devices 14 can be tested at a particular time. |
| US07848698B2 |
Flight training and synthetic flight simulation system and method
A low-cost training and synthetic visualization system and method directed to improving an individual's airborne performance in general aviation, skydiving, and other aerial applications. The system is comprised of a self-contained mobile sensor and data storage device for recording the travel path, orientation, and forces acting upon an object as it moves through space, a desktop graphics software program for creating a playback of the recorded data on a three-dimensional representation of the environment through which the object moved, a means of linking the sensor and data storage device to the software program for the purpose of exchanging information, and a centralized data storage and retrieval system designed to accept, assimilate and redistribute the recorded data. |
| US07848696B2 |
Image forming apparatus
The invention provides an image forming apparatus wherein, when forming an image on transfer sheet, the transfer sheet is shifted across the width immediately before transfer of the image onto transfer sheet based on the position of a toner image formed on an intermediate transfer member as an image carrier, and the misalignment across the width is adjusted, thereby ensuring high-speed and high-precision adjustment of the position of the image formed on a single side or both sides. |
| US07848695B2 |
Toner brush with superimposed brushes for an electro-photographic printer and printer with the toner brush
A toner brush for a printer and a printer including the toner brush. The toner brush includes a substrate (e.g. a core cylinder) with a cleaning brush and a residual toner brush superimposed over one another. During printing the printer holds the residual toner brush against a photoconductor or photoconductive surface, e.g., a photoconductive drum. For deep cleaning, the printer moves the cleaning brush closer to the photoconductor surface and holds it against the surface during deep cleaning. Deep cleaning may be automatically or manually (e.g., by an operator) initiated. |
| US07848694B2 |
Image forming device, processing unit, and image forming method
An image forming device including toner image forming means that forms toner images on the surface of an image carrier, transfer means that transfers the toner images on the surface of the image carrier onto a transfer member, and a plate shaped cleaning blade. The cleaning blade is configured to contact the surface of the image carrier at a pressure of greater than 40 N/m and to scrape off residual toner remaining on the surface of the image carrier after the transfer process by the transfer means has been completed. The surface of the image carrier has a static coefficient of friction with a sheet as measured by the Euler belt type coefficient of friction measurement method of 0.5 or greater, and the cleaning blade has a static coefficient of friction with a polytetrafluoroethylene tape in the range 1.0 to 2.0. |
| US07848691B2 |
Transfer unit and image forming apparatus employing the same
A transfer unit, which transfers a toner image formed on at least one image support to a printing medium, and an image forming apparatus employing the same. The transfer unit includes: an intermediate transfer body to the toner image from the image support, which has a curved transfer surface and an ASKER-A hardness of from about 25° to 40°; a transfer member, which has an ASKER-C hardness of from about 45° to 70°, and which contacts the intermediate transfer body, with a printing medium being interposed therebetween, and transfers the toner image from the intermediate transfer body to the printing medium. The transfer unit may further include: a de-electrifying member having a DC power and an AC power concurrently applied thereto, to de-electrify the printing. |
| US07848688B2 |
Image-forming device
An image-forming device includes 1st to Mth photosensitive drums (which are arrayed in numeric order in a first direction), a forming unit, an image-carrying member, a detecting unit, and a calibrating unit. Each of the photosensitive drums has a circumferential length D and extends in a first direction. The forming unit forms a registration mark on each of the photosensitive drums. The registration marks are transferred onto the image-carrying member in the numeric order and are arrayed in the first direction. Neighboring registration marks are spaced by a distance L in the first direction. The detecting unit detects positions of the registration marks. The calibrating unit calibrates positions of the photosensitive drums based on the positions detected by the detecting unit. D=NxMxL+(M−1)xL. N being an integer not less than 0. |
| US07848685B2 |
Developer supply container and developer supplying system
A developer supply container detachably mountable to a developer receiving apparatus and settable in a developer receiving apparatus by a setting operation including at least a rotation toward a setting position, includes a containing portion for containing the developer; a rotatable discharging member for discharging the developer out of said containing portion; drive transmitting means, engageable with a driving gear provided in said developer receiving apparatus and rotatable in a direction opposite the setting direction, for transmitting a rotating force from said driving gear to said discharging member. |
| US07848683B2 |
Powder delivery member, and powder delivery apparatus, frame apparatus and image forming apparatus using the same, and manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing powder delivery member
A powder delivery member includes: a flexible axial core portion; and a powder delivering flexible vane portion formed on an outer periphery of the axial core portion. |
| US07848682B2 |
Powder supplier and image forming device
A powder supplier is provided. The supplier including: a non-cylindrical housing that stores a powder; a rotating member that is arranged rotatably inside the housing; a sheet-shaped conveying member that is fixed to the rotating member and has a free end side that differs from a fixed portion thereof, the sheet-shaped conveying member sweeping against inner walls of the housing due to rotation of the rotating member, and conveying the powder in an axial direction of the rotating member; a powder supply port provided in the housing at a downstream side of the direction in which the powder is conveyed; and an assisting member that is provided at a region of the conveying member opposite to the powder supply port and performs agitation of the powder and conveying of the powder to the powder supply port. |
| US07848674B2 |
Image forming apparatus
It is possible to provide a technique capable of attaching a reactor to a power source unit even upon shipping a package containing an image forming apparatus from a factory as well as opening the package and installing the image forming apparatus in a place for installment, by optionally attaching the reactor to the power source unit.An image forming apparatus includes a case to accommodate a main body of the image forming apparatus and having a bottom portion; and a power source unit provided with at least an AC filter unit and a DC output circuit unit, and a reactor space disposed in the bottom portion of the case, the reactor space being a space for installing a reactor between the AC filter unit and the DC output circuit unit. |
| US07848671B2 |
Image forming apparatus with multiple image forming portions and image transfers
An image forming apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention includes a first image forming portion, a second image forming portion, a secondary transfer device, a transfer power supply, a controller.The first and second image forming portions include image bearing members, chargers, development devices, and transfer members.The first charger charges the first image bearing member in the same polarity as a predetermined polarity.The second charger for charging the second image bearing member in a polarity opposite the predetermined polarity.The controller controls the transfer power supply such that the transfer voltage applied to the second transfer member in the second image forming portion is not changed nor turned on and off in a period during which the toner image is transferred to the intermediate transfer member in the first image forming portion. |
| US07848667B2 |
Waste toner collection apparatus and image forming apparatus
The waste toner flown into a waste toner box by way of a plurality of collection ports is leveled by means of a paddle. The waste toner collected in the waste toner box is supplied to a full condition sensing section arranged at a higher position so as to be piled up by means of an auxiliary paddle 42. A photodetector detects the waste toner that is accumulated higher at the position of the full condition sensing section than at the other area of the waste toner box to detect a full condition of the waste toner box. |
| US07848666B2 |
Image forming apparatus and image forming method
A control unit separately drives an image carrier driving unit that drives an image carrier motor, a developing roller driving unit that drives a developing roller motor, a developer stirring member driving unit that drives a developer stirring member motor, and a fan driving unit that drives a fan motor. The control unit causes the fan driving unit to operate if the image carrier driving unit or the developer stirring member driving unit is operating. |
| US07848664B2 |
Toner supply device and image forming apparatus
It is possible to estimate the quantity of toner remaining in the storage container by stopping the supply of toner from the storage container when the quantity of toner in the storage section is at a prescribed level, by starting the supply of toner after continuing to print as it is for a prescribed period of time, and by measuring the time taken for the quantity of toner to reach the prescribed level. |
| US07848661B2 |
Directly modulated laser optical transmission system with phase modulation
An optical transmitter for generating a modulated optical signal for transmission over a fiber optic link to a remote receiver including a laser; an input coupled to the laser for directly amplitude modulating the laser with an analog RF signal to produce an output optical signal including an amplitude modulated information-containing component; and a phase modulator coupled to the output of the laser for reducing the distortion present in the received optical signal at the remote receiver. |
| US07848660B1 |
VSB transmitter using locked filter
Systems and methods for generating spectrally efficient modulated optical signals are provided. Capacity of WDM optical communication links may be increased dramatically without changing the WDM channel plan thus minimizing modifications to optical amplifiers and passive optical components. A vestigial sideband (VSB) optical signal may be generated by filtering an amplitude modulated (AM) signal using a filter having a center frequency locked to the transmission frequency of a laser. |
| US07848659B2 |
Optical transmitting apparatus and optical communication system
A data modulator unit generates a DQPSK optical signal in accordance with a data signal. A phase shift unit provides a phase difference of π/2 between a pair of arms. A photodetector converts an output signal of the data modulator unit into an electrical signal. A filter is a low-pass filter with a cut-off frequency lower than a symbol frequency, and filters an output signal of the photodetector. A monitor unit detects power of an output signal of the filter. A phase difference control unit adjusts the amount of phase shift in the phase shift unit so as to minimize power of an output signal of the filter. |
| US07848654B2 |
Radio-over-fiber (RoF) wireless picocellular system with combined picocells
A radio-over-fiber (RoF) wireless picocellular system adapted to form an array of substantially non-overlapping individual picocells by operating adjacent picocells at different frequencies is operated to form one or more combined picocells. The combined picocells are formed from two or more neighboring picocells by the central head-end station operating neighboring picocells at a common frequency. Communication between the central head-end station and a client device residing within a combined picocell is enhanced by the availability of two or more transponder antenna systems. Thus, enhanced communication techniques such as antenna diversity, phased-array antenna networks and multiple-input/multiple-output (MIMO) methods can be implemented to provide the system with enhanced performance capability. These techniques are preferably implemented at the central head-end station to avoid having to make substantial changes to the wireless picocellular system infrastructure. |
| US07848645B2 |
Identifying or locating waveguides
The location or identification of a waveguide is determined, in particular where a disturbance is applied to the optical waveguide. This is achieved by: (a) monitoring the waveguide at a first location to sense a disturbance along the waveguide; (b) causing a disturbance to the waveguide at a second location; (c) transmitting a sensor signal to the second location; and (d) inferring, from the sensor signal, the presence or identity of the waveguide at the second location. |
| US07848642B1 |
Method and apparatus for capacity-efficient restoration in an optical communication system
A method and system provide capacity-efficient restoration within an optical fiber communication system. The system includes a plurality of nodes each interconnected by optical fibers. Each optical fiber connection between nodes includes at least three channel groups with different priority levels for restoration switching in response to a connection failure. The system maintains and restores full-capacity communication services by switching at least a portion of the channel groups from a first optical fiber connection to a second optical fiber connection system based on the priority levels assigned to the channel groups. Service reliability is effectively maintained without to incurring additional costs for dedicated spare optical fiber equipment by improving idle capacity utilization. |
| US07848641B2 |
Digital camera with left- or right-handed operation
A digital camera has a housing and an exposure circuit in the housing. The digital camera further includes a locating post fixed on the housing, a rotatable assembly, and a shutter button electronically connected to the exposure circuit. The rotatable assembly has a hole for passage of the locating post and can rotate round the locating post. The shutter button is disposed on a side of the rotatable assembly. The rotatable assembly may help users to select one of the left side and the right side of the digital camera as desired for left-handed or right-handed operation of the digital camera. |
| US07848640B2 |
Enclosure for electric equipment and imaging device
According to an enclosure for electric equipment of an aspect of the present invention, the enclosure having the plurality of accommodation portions accommodating separate contents, respectively, can be formed by one molding without assembling a plurality of components, which can reduce the number of assembling processes. Also, formation by one component eliminates a gap which would be generated by assembling components, which can improve enclosure strength and designability and reduce manufacturing costs. |
| US07848639B2 |
Solid-state image sensing device and electronic apparatus comprising same
A camera module 100a includes a lens unit 1a which includes a lens 11 and a lens holder 12 holding the lens 11 therein, and an image sensing unit 2a which includes a solid-state image sensor 24 and a transparent lid section 26 which is arranged so as to face the receiving surface of the solid-state image sensor 24, provided with a space S therebetween. The lens holder 12 blocks unnecessary light to the transparent lid section 26 by engaging the lens holder 12 with a whole periphery part of the transparent lid section 26. Thus, it is possible to provide a solid-state image sensing device, which realizes adequate camera function by blocking unnecessary light to the transparent lid section. |
| US07848636B2 |
Camera for microscope
A microscope digital camera includes a camera head unit and an operation display unit. A display portion of the operation display unit displays an observed image acquired by a microscope body. A CPU in an operated portion of the operation display unit detects a change of the observed image. By turning on an objective warning LED provided for the operated portion, notification information indicating a detection result of a change of the observed image by the CPU is output. |
| US07848633B2 |
Image taking system
In an image taking system, when a running image is to be taken by the use of a self-timer or an automatic image taking system, exposure conditions and a focusing position are determined according to result of detection of the predetermined objective body at least once between the time when instruction to take a running image is done and the time when the running image is actually taken. |
| US07848631B2 |
Imaging apparatus and method for controlling the same
An imaging apparatus includes an image sensor configured to capture an image of an object, a mechanical shutter including a second curtain and a second-curtain holding mechanism configured to electromagnetically hold the second curtain at an initial position prior to a travel, a first temperature sensor disposed within a predetermined range from the second-curtain holding mechanism, a second temperature sensor disposed outside the predetermined range from the second-curtain holding mechanism, a determination unit configured to determine an exposure time for the image sensor according to a brightness of the object, an adjustment unit configured to adjust the exposure time if a temperature difference between temperatures detected by the first and second temperature sensors is greater than a predetermined threshold, and an exposure control unit configured to perform exposure control for the image sensor based on the exposure time adjusted by the adjustment unit if the temperature difference is greater than the predetermined threshold. |
| US07848630B2 |
Autofocus adapter
An autofocus adapter is provided and includes an imaging adapter optical system placed on an optical axis of an imaging lens when the autofocus adapter is attached, and a focus state detection adapter optical system placed on an optical axis different from the optical axis of the imaging lens when the autofocus adapter is attached. The imaging adapter optical system has a light split prism for splitting subject light passing through the imaging lens into imaging subject light and the focus state detection subject light, a first lens group having a negative power as a whole and placed on the object side with respect to the light split prism, and a second lens group having a positive power as a whole and placed on the image side with respect to the light split prism. The focus state detection adapter optical system has a positive lens group having the same lens configuration as the second lens group in the imaging adapter optical system. |
| US07848629B2 |
Auto-focus system and auto-focus method thereof
An exemplary auto-focus method includes the following steps. An ambient brightness is measured before a pre-flash. Then, a pre-flash ambient brightness is also measured during the pre-flash is fired. A main flash ratio is subsequently calculated using the ambient brightness, the pre-flash ambient brightness, and a preset desired brightness. Next, an object distance is indexed using the calculated main flash ratio and a table. The table includes a collection of main flash ratios and a collection of object distances, where each flash ratio is associated with a corresponding object distance. Then an image distance corresponding to the indexed object distance is calculated using the imaging formula. The calculated image distance is converted into a number of focus steps of a focus lens. Finally, the focus lens is moved with a corresponding number of focus steps. |
| US07848625B2 |
Imaging system
An imaging system is provided that is capable of controlling a photographic operation to provide favorable images of a fundus of an eye to be examined. When a normal photographic mode is selected, a single operation of a shutter button causes a single trigger signal to be generated. On the other hand, when a stereo photographic mode is selected, a single operation of a shutter button causes two trigger signals to be generated in succession. The generated trigger signal triggers a switching device so that a position of a photographic stop is automatically switched to a position predetermined for the photographic mode, and the photographic light source is caused to emit light a number of times that corresponds to the selected photographic mode. In such a configuration, fundus images are automatically produced a set number of times by a single operation of the shutter. Therefore, a high-quality fundus image can be obtained without concerns that an appropriate moment to capture an image will be missed. |
| US07848617B2 |
Recording medium, method, and apparatus for reproducing text subtitle streams
A recording medium, method, and apparatus for reproducing text subtitle streams are disclosed. A buffer initially preloads a text subtitle stream including a dialog style segment defining a group of region styles and first and second dialog presentation segments. A text subtitle decoder initially presents a first region of dialog text included in the first dialog presentation segment in a graphics plane and reads a continuous presentation flag included in the second dialog presentation segment, which includes a second region of dialog text. The text subtitle decoder presents the second region of dialog text by preserving the presentation of the first region of dialog text in the graphics plane if the continuous segment indicates that continuous presentation is required between the first and second regions of the dialog text. |
| US07848612B2 |
Pausing media playback at appropriate intervals
A pause soon feature calls for providing media tags and pause points for pausing playback of media at appropriate intervals. The media tags and pause points may be resident in the media, the media player or in any combination thereof. |
| US07848610B2 |
Data processing system, reproduction apparatus, computer, reproduction method, program, and storage medium
A data processing system comprising a computer outputting to a reproduction apparatus data required for reproduction of a reproduction point in the reproduced data when receiving as input a first command designating a reproduction point of reproduced data and outputting to the reproduction apparatus a reproduction start command of the reproduction point when receiving as input a second command indicating the start of reproduction of the reproduction point designated by the first command after receiving as input the first command and a reproduction apparatus decoding data of the reproduction point based on the data input from the computer, storing the decoding result in a reproduction memory, and, when receiving as input the reproduction start command from the computer, reading, reproducing, and outputting the decoding results of the reproduction point from the reproduction memory. |
| US07848604B2 |
Fiber-optic cable and method of manufacture
A fiber-optic cable with low buffer insertion force, significant kink resistance, and improved thermal performance incorporating a dual layer buffer of a low density material beneath a continuous seamless high modulus material without compromising low smoke, toxicity, and flammability. |
| US07848600B2 |
Driving circuit of optical gate switch
A driving circuit of a semiconductor optical amplifier type gate switch constituting a matrix optical switch is provided with an operation amplifier into which a driving signal is input and from which a current corresponding to the driving signal is output, an inductance element provided at an output terminal of the operation amplifier, and a circuit composed of a diode element and a resistor element connected in parallel and provided between the inductance element and the semiconductor optical amplifier. |
| US07848596B2 |
Templated collage generation with occlusion costing
In a computer implemented method of generating a collage of images, image saliency data is received for a plurality of images that are to be collaged within a templated viewing region. The templated viewing region is generated by scaling a template relative to the plurality of images that are to be collaged. An initial collage layout is generated within the templated viewing region from the plurality of images. The initial collage layout is optimized, where the optimizing comprises iteratively adjusting the initial collage layout by selecting a minimized layout occlusion cost. |
| US07848595B2 |
Processing data pixels in a holographic data storage system
A method for processing data pixels in a holographic data storage system is disclosed. The method includes assigning predetermined reserved blocks throughout each data page, where each reserved block comprises known pixel patterns, determining position errors of the data page by computing the best match between regions of the data page and the predetermined reserved blocks, and compensating the data pixels at the detector in accordance with the corresponding position errors of the data page. |
| US07848594B2 |
Measurement method, transfer characteristic measurement method, adjustment method of exposure apparatus, and device manufacturing method
Exposure is performed with a reticle installed in an exposure apparatus, and a measurement mark on the reticle is transferred onto a wafer so as to form a first transferred image of the measurement mark (step 212). Then, the wafer is rotated (step 218), and then the measurement mark is transferred onto the wafer that has been rotated and a second transferred image of the measurement mark is formed (step 224). In this manner, the first transferred image and the second transferred image of the measurement mark each formed on the wafer are respectively imported by an SEM, according to a direction of the wafer with respect to the reticle during transfer of the measurement mark. Image processing having a common measurement direction is applied to each of the images that are imported without having to rotate the images, and the size of the first transferred image and the second transferred image in the measurement directions is measured. Accordingly, degradation of the size measurement accuracy of the mark due to the combination of image import and image processing can be prevented. |
| US07848592B2 |
Image fusion for radiation therapy
An image fusion method for medical applications, comprising: a. acquiring a first image with a planned radiation region; b. acquiring a second image with actual radiation region; c. determining if user defined landmarks have been placed on the first and second images, if user defined landmarks are present go to step (d), if not go to step (e); d. pre-transforming the first image or second image or both images; e. performing a first delineation step on the actual radiation region; f. determining if the delineation is correct, if yes go to step (g), if not go to step (h); g. fusing the first and second image and exit process; and h. selecting multiple contour points around the actual radiation region in the second image; i. performing a second delineation step on the actual radiation region and go to step (f). |
| US07848590B2 |
Image processing apparatus and method of removing regions or dividing portions of an input image to reduce computation
An image processing method includes determining one or more candidate pixels having variation of brightness in a first direction, among a plurality of pixels constituting an input image, the variation of brightness exceeding a first reference value, determining a certain region in which the total number of candidate pixels existing in a row of pixels in a second direction different from the first direction exceeds a second reference value, and generating an output image free from the determined certain region. |
| US07848588B2 |
Method and apparatus for judging direction of blur and computer-readable recording medium storing a program therefor
Without use of special hardware such as an angular rate sensor, a direction of blur can be judged with high accuracy. A parameter acquisition unit obtains weighting parameters for principal components representing directions of blur in a predetermined structure in an image by fitting to the structure a mathematical model generated by a method of Active Appearance Models (AAM) using a plurality of sample images representing the structure in different conditions of blur. A blur direction judgment unit judges the direction of blur based on the weighting parameters, and a blur width acquisition unit finds a width of blur based on an edge component found by an edge detection unit in the direction perpendicular to the direction of blur. A blur correction unit corrects the blur in the image based on the direction and the width of blur. |
| US07848586B2 |
System, medium, and method encoding and/or decoding image data
A system, medium, and method encoding and/or decoding image data. The image data encoding may include a transformer transforming pixel values of an image in the time domain to pixel values in the frequency domain, a quantization coefficient determiner determining a quantization coefficient corresponding to the number of bits per pixel of the image by adjusting a quantization variable defined by a user, a quantization unit quantizing the pixel values transformed by the transformer based on the quantization coefficient determined by the quantization coefficient determiner, and an entropy encoder generating a bitstream of the quantized pixel values. |
| US07848581B2 |
System and method for decoding and viewing of image files
System and method for memory efficient decode and viewing of compressed image files. A preferred embodiment comprises a decoder coupled to a data input, a resize unit coupled to the decoder, a memory coupled to the resize unit, and a reorder data unit coupled to the memory. The decoder decompresses image data that is provided by the data input, while the resize unit resizes the decompressed image data from a first size to a second size. The memory stores the resized image data and the reorder data unit rearranges the image data into a format suitable for display. By resizing the image data prior to subsequent processing, memory requirements (such as storage space and bandwidth) are reduced. |
| US07848579B2 |
Image coding device, method and computer program with data coding amount prediction
An image coding device in which entropy coding is applied to binarized data. An image coding unit codes image data; an entropy coding unit binarizes the coded image data and applies entropy coding to the binarized data; and a coding amount prediction unit obtains a predictive value corresponding to a coding amount of the image data on a predetermined data unit basis prior to the actual binarizing. A coding amount comparing unit compares the predictive value to a predetermined threshold value; a I_PCM decision unit outputs a selection signal indicating the image data on a predetermined data unit basis or I_PCM data, which is selected based on a result of the comparing; and an output selection unit and an output unit output the selected data indicated by the selection signal. |
| US07848577B2 |
Image processing methods, image management systems, and articles of manufacture
Image processing methods, image management systems, and articles of manufacture are described. According to one embodiment, an image processing method includes accessing image data of a plurality of images, defining a plurality of regions in individual ones of the images, wherein the regions individually comprise a plurality of image forming elements having a common characteristic, comparing a region of one of the images with respect to regions of a plurality of others of the images, and providing information indicative of similarities of the one image relative to the others of the images using results of the comparing. |
| US07848576B2 |
Image matching method, image matching apparatus, and program
To provide an image matching method, an image matching apparatus, and a program able to perform a matching images at a high accuracy. A Hough transform unit 15 performs a Hough transform processing to a registered image AIM and an image to be matched RIM, in detail, an image processing by which points in each image are transformed to a curved pattern and linear components in each image are transformed to a plurality of the overlapped curved-patterns, based on a distance ρ from a reference position to a shortest point in a straight line L passing through a point in the image and an angle θ between a straight line n0 passing though the reference position and the shortest point and a x-axis as a reference axis including the reference position, and generating a transformed image S1621 and a transformed image S1622. A judgment unit 164 performs a matching of the registered image AIM and the image to be matched RIM based on a degree of an overlap of the patterns in the transformed image S1621 and the transformed image S1622 and a matching or mismatching of the patterns in the same. |
| US07848575B2 |
Imaging apparatus
An imaging apparatus has the function of an optical zoom which optically converts the magnification of an image and the function of an electronic zoom which changes the size of an image by electrical signal processing. The function of the electronic zoom at least operates when the optical zoom is not set at the telephoto end. A total magnification is determined by changing magnification by the optical zoom and changing magnification by the electronic zoom. A pixel count s1 of an electronic imaging device, a pixel count s2 of a rectangle including the pixels on an imaging device which are used by the electronic zoom, and a pixel count s3 of an output satisfy s1≧s2>s3 or s1>s2≧s3. |
| US07848570B2 |
Memory reduction technique for statistics accumulation and processing
To provide a memory efficient method and system for statistical data accumulation and processing, data is divided into multiple data zones and divided into subgroups of memories. A separate memory bin is assigned for each of the subgroups, and this memory bin is shared between various two data zones in each subgroup for processing and accumulation. In this scheme, the histogram data in each location of the separate memory bin for the previously accumulated data zones is processed before updating the stored value for the data zone requiring data accumulation. |
| US07848561B2 |
Determining capability of an on-line sensor
Devices, systems and methods for determining capabilities of an on-line sensor are disclosed. The exemplary method may comprise the following acts. The method may generate an image of a sample texture with known characteristics. The method may transfer the image to an on-line sensor. The method may also analyze data generated by the on-line sensor to determine measured characteristics. The method may compare the measured characteristics to the known characteristics. |
| US07848560B2 |
Control of multiple frequency bands for digital image
A method of enhancing a digital image obtains the digital image, then decomposes the provided digital image according to a plurality of a number N frequency bands, including a low frequency band and more than one different higher frequency bands. Modified image data is formed by applying a gain function to image data for one or more of the N frequency bands according to a setting of a number M control points, wherein M is less than N. The modified image data for the N frequency bands are summed to form a reconstructed digital image. |
| US07848559B2 |
Discrete axial re-binning of time-of-flight positron emission tomography data
Axial rebinning methods are provided for 3D time-of-flight (TOF) positron emission tomography (PET), based on 2D data rebinning. Rebinning is performed separately for each axial plane parallel to the axis of the PET scanner. An analytical approach is provided that is based on a consistency condition for TOF-PET data with a gaussian profile. A fully discrete approach is also provided, wherein each 2D TOF-PET data is calculated as a linear combination of 3D TOF-PET data having the same sinogram coordinates s and φ. |
| US07848549B2 |
Digital image processing using face detection information
A method of processing a digital image using face detection within the image achieves one or more desired image processing parameters. A group of pixels is identified that correspond to an image of a face within the digital image. Default values are determined of one or more parameters of at least some portion of the digital image. Values are adjusted of the one or more parameters within the digitally-detected image based upon an analysis of the digital image including the image of the face and the default values. |
| US07848548B1 |
Method and system for robust demographic classification using pose independent model from sequence of face images
The invention provides a face-based automatic demographics classification system that is robust to pose changes of the target faces and to accidental scene variables, by using a pose-independent facial image representation which comprises multiple pose-dependent facial appearance models. Given a sequence of people's faces in a scene, the two-dimensional variations are estimated and corrected using a novel machine learning based method. We estimate the three-dimensional pose of the people, using a machine learning based approach. The face tracking module keeps the identity of the person using geometric and appearance cues, where multiple appearance models are built based on the poses of the faces. Each separately built pose-dependent facial appearance model is fed to the demographics classifier, which is trained using only the faces having the corresponding pose. The classification scores from the set of pose-dependent classifiers are aggregated to determine the final face category, such as gender, age, and ethnicity. |
| US07848547B2 |
Apparatus for detecting feature point and method of detecting feature point
An apparatus for detecting a feature point includes an image input unit that inputs an image of the target object; a three-dimensional shape information holding unit that stores three-dimensional shape information including reference feature points of a model relating to the target object; a correspondence relation acquiring unit that acquires a correspondence relation between the input image and the three-dimensional shape; a seek area acquiring unit that acquires image information of a seek area on the input image corresponding to an area including a point corresponding to the specific feature point in the model on the basis of the correspondence relation; and a feature point detecting unit that detects the position of the specific feature point in the input image from the image information. |
| US07848544B2 |
Robust face registration via multiple face prototypes synthesis
A face recognition and/or verification system including the step of registering a persons actual face wherein an image of the actual face is captured and synthesized to create a plurality of face prototypes, and wherein the face prototypes are stored for later analysis and comparison with a captured image to be recognized or verified. |
| US07848542B2 |
Optical flow based tilt sensor
A method is described for determining a description of motion of a moving mobile camera to determine a user input to an application. The method may involve capturing a series of images from a moving mobile camera and comparing stationary features present in the series of images. Optical flow analysis may be performed on the series of images to determine a description of motion of the moving mobile camera. Based on the determined motion, a user input to an application may be determined and the application may respond to the user input, for example, by updating a user interface of the application. |
| US07848541B2 |
Differential phase correlation
Acceleration of a set of three frames of video with N movers may be determined by generating an inverse Fourier transformation of a differential phase correlation matrix of the three frames. The resultant acceleration estimate may be integrated with the velocity and offset estimates for the second frame so as to provide an offset estimate for the third frame. The third frame may then be co-registered with a reference frame. This process may be repeated for subsequent frames so that subsequent frames may also be registered to the reference frame so that video jitter that was caused by platform shake may be reduced or eliminated. |
| US07848537B2 |
Voice coil bobbin, manufacturing method thereof and speaker device
A voice coil bobbin is formed by skinpass rolling of pure titanium. A manufacturing method of a voice coil bobbin includes a process which manufactures a rolled pure titanium material, a process which executes skinpass rolling of the rolled material, and a process which forms the rolled material after the skinpass rolling to manufacture the voice coil bobbin. For example, the rolled pure titanium material is manufactured by a standard manufacturing process of a normal rolled material defined by JISH4600, and the cold rolling for the purpose of the strengthening is executed. The cold rolling is executed under a condition of a rolling ratio equal to or larger than 60%. Thereby, it becomes possible to obtain double hardness of JIS No. 1-kind titanium material (TR270C) and tensile strength larger than double of the JIS No. 1-kind titanium material (TR270C) and close to 6-4 titanium. By applying this thin voice coil bobbin with the high strength, the speaker device applicable for the high power input can be obtained. |
| US07848536B2 |
Voice coil assembly, loudspeaker using the same, and method for producing the same
A voice coil assembly capable of realizing a flat thin loudspeaker having a high efficiency, reduced divided vibrations, a flat frequency response, and reduced operation defects. The voice coil assembly includes a plurality of internal-winding voice coils, each including a rectangular bobbin having a rectangular cross section and defining a rectangular space therein and an internal rectangular coil fixed to an inner wall surface of the rectangular bobbin defining the rectangular space, wherein an outer wall surface of the rectangular bobbin of one internal-winding voice coil is adhered and fixed to an outer wall surface of the rectangular bobbin of another internal-winding voice coil. |
| US07848535B2 |
Narrow directional microphone
There is provided a narrow directional microphone which houses a plurality of microphone units of a first-order pressure gradient type (condenser microphone) while achieving reduced weight and compact shape at the same time. The narrow directional microphone includes a cylindrical microphone case that is also used as an acoustic tube and two or more microphone units housed in the microphone case, each having a front acoustic terminal and a rear acoustic terminal. A hole communicating with the inside and outside of the microphone case is provided in the peripheral wall of the microphone case, and an acoustic resistance material is provided on the inside of the microphone case so as to close the hole. The microphone units are arranged adjacently on the rear end side of the microphone case with a predetermined gap being provided between the microphone unit and the inner peripheral surface of the microphone case in a state in which the front acoustic terminal side is directed to the tip end side of the microphone case. |
| US07848534B2 |
Sound system, method for controlling the sound system, and sound equipment
In each sound unit, when connection with another sound unit is detected, an input control signal is supplied to a control section and then supplied to the adjoining sound unit. Input clock signal is supplied to a PLL section, and an output clock signal from the PLL section is supplied to the adjoining sound unit. Input speaker output signal and microphone input signal are supplied to a speaker output signal processing section and microphone input signal processing section, respectively. The speaker output signal processing section performs predetermined signal processing on an input signal to output the resultant processed signal to a speaker array, and then performs internal delay compensation processing on the signal to output the resultant processed signal to the adjoining sound unit. The microphone input signal processing section calculates a sum of the input signal and sums of delayed signals of outputs from the microphone array and then performs internal delay compensation processing on the signal to output the resultant processed signal to the adjoining sound unit. |
| US07848532B2 |
Condenser microphone
To operate from any of phantom power sources of 12 V, 24 V and 48 V and secure a maximum output level according to each of the power sources. A condenser microphone including a microphone unit MU containing a diaphragm and a fixed pole, an FET Q1 of a built-in bias circuit type for operating as an impedance converter of the microphone unit MU and an output transformer TRS connected to a phantom power source with a midpoint of a primary winding of the output transformer TRS connected to a drain of the FET Q1 via a constant current diode D2, and a transistor Q2 of an emitter follower for current amplification connected between a source of the FET Q1 and a secondary winding of the output transformer TRS, wherein a diode D3 is connected between the source of the FET Q1 and a base of the transistor Q2 to have an anode thereof on the source side of the FET Q1 so as to provide forward voltage generated by the diode D3 to the base of the transistor Q2. |
| US07848531B1 |
Method and apparatus for audio loudness and dynamics matching
The overall loudness of an audio track is calculated by combining a number of weighted loudness measures for segments of the audio track, where the weight applied to each individual loudness measure is a function of the loudness measure. By comparing the original overall loudness measure to a desired overall loudness measure, a gain can be determined that will adjust the loudness level to the desired value. Also disclosed is a dynamic compression method that analyzes the dynamic characteristics of an audio track and determines appropriate compressor parameters. Additionally, the loudness of a post-compressor audio track can be estimated for any given compressor parameters, thus permitting post-compression loudness matching to be done even if the compression is performed in real-time. |
| US07848527B2 |
Dynamic power management in a portable media delivery system
A consumer electronic product (e.g., a portable media player ported to a media delivery accessory) is powered by a limited capacity DC power source (such as a battery or mini-fuel cell). The consumer electronic product limits the maximum allowable sound pressure level (SPL) that can be produced by the speakers. In one embodiment, the maximum allowable SPL is based upon an amount of stored energy available in the limited capacity DC power source. |
| US07848523B2 |
Systems and methods for added authentication in distributed network delivered half-duplex communications
In half-duplex communications over a wireless network, a user from a private organisation sends the request for half-duplex communication through a private server controlled by the private organisation. The private server sets up a private account with the wireless carrier and the user communicates via the private account. |
| US07848521B2 |
Transmitting and processing protected content
A method for transmission and storing of scrambled content in which the scrambled content is transmitted together with encrypted control words, the control words being used for descrambling the scrambled content, transmitting to a receiver/decoder the scrambled content and encrypted control words, said control words being encrypted by an exploitation key (KG), decrypting said encrypted control words in a removable security module with an exploitation key (KG), said removable security module being received by the receiver/decoder, characterised in that it further includes transmitting usage rules message (URM) to the receiver/decoder (2000), which usage rules (URM) impose usage constraints on the playback of the content stored on a mass storage device encrypting the decrypted encrypted control words and usage rules messages by a local key (KL) to produce encrypted control management messages (CMM) storing said scrambled content and encrypted control management message on the mass storage device of the receiver/decoder. |
| US07848515B2 |
Encryption protection method
A deterministic blinding method for cipher algorithms that employ key-mixing and substitution (S-box) operations uses a masking table constructed with a true mask and a plurality of dummy masks corresponding to every possible S-box input. Each mask is applied in the key-mixing operation (e.g., bitwise XOR) to the cipher key or to round subkeys to generate true and dummy keys or subkeys that are applied to the data blocks within the overall cipher algorithm or within individual cipher rounds. The mask values prevent side-channel statistical analyses from determining the true from the dummy keys or subkeys. The true mask is identifiable to the cipher but not by external observers. |
| US07848514B2 |
Table masking for resistance to power analysis attacks
Tables are defined to permit output masking for table look-ups to be carried out to resist power analysis attacks on cryptographic operations. A set of individually defined random values is used to mask each entry in a substitution table, defining a masked substitution table. A mask table is also defined such that the values of each entry, masked with the corresponding random value, is the value of a fixed mask. The masked substitution tables and the mask tables may be used in cryptographic operations to permit the output of table look-ups to be masked, without directly using the fixed mask value in the computations of the cryptographic operations. |
| US07848511B2 |
Telecommunications-terminal mute detection
The subject matter provides a method that enable detecting if a party engaged into a tele-conference call is attempting to engage into conversation while a microphone is in a mute mode. The method provides receiving of a signal. The signal is then analyzed to determining if a party is attempting to engage into conversation. If it is determined that the party is attempting to engage in the conversation then an alarm is transmitted indicating the mode of operation of the microphone. The transmitted alarm may be an audio alert or a visual alert. |
| US07848510B2 |
Method and system for recording automatic call distributor calls
A method for recording automatic call distributor calls includes receiving from a caller a call for distribution to one of a plurality of agents and distributing the call to a first agent of the plurality of agents for handling. The method includes creating a call signature associated with the call for recording verification and recording communications of the call to a recording file. The method also includes embedding the call signature in the recording file. |
| US07848508B1 |
Telecommunication system with improved area codes
An apparatus and/or method for routing telephone calls to a communications device of a particular subscriber within an area code. A preferred embodiment is a system for routing a telephone call from a caller to a specific communications device situated in an area identified by an area code, said system comprising: means for assigning a first telephone number to a particular subscriber; and means for routing the telephone call to the specific communications device of the particular subscriber; wherein said area code is a two-character U.S. postal state abbreviation. |
| US07848507B2 |
Method and apparatus for compositional control of end-to-end media in IP networks
A method and apparatus for controlling end-to-end media on packet networks such as Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) and Service over Internet Protocol (SoIP) networks are disclosed. The present method provides an algorithm to be run by channel terminations such that the media channel is controlled by compositional actions. For example, the servers that terminate the media channel are able to respond on behalf of an endpoint in order to effect the appropriate compositional action. The present method also enables each direction of a bi-directional media channel to be controlled independent of the media channel in the opposite direction. |
| US07848506B1 |
Selective call waiting service
A communications system is designed to present a number of options to a caller who is attempting to reach a call-waiting subscriber already busy on a first call. The options are presented to the caller via an announcement that offers the caller the alternative of either sending immediately a conventional call-waiting alert signal to the subscriber, or leaving a message that is automatically delivered to the subscriber immediately after the subscriber terminates the first call. |
| US07848504B2 |
Method and apparatus to validate a subscriber line
A method is described of providing validation data associated with a subscriber line of a telecommunication network using a validation system. The method includes obtaining line data of the subscriber line wherein the line data is suitable for interrogating a line identification database (LIDB). The method interrogates the LIDB with the line data to obtain reference subscriber data associated with the line data, and processes the reference subscriber data to obtain validation data associated with the subscriber line. The method includes identifying a local exchange carrier (LEC) associated with the subscriber line to determine if a billing arrangement exists between the validation system and the LEC. The invention extends to a subscriber line validation system to validate a subscriber line of a communication network. |
| US07848502B2 |
Method for implementing services on a network element based on multiple IDs
A method for implementing services on an ASON (automatic switched optical network) network element based on multiple IDs is disclosed, including: a network element setting an ID corresponding to a new service in local as an active ID; the network element advertising an ID information including the newly set active ID over the network by a routing protocol; each adjacent network element which is connected with the network element via a Traffic Engineering (TE) link acquiring the newly set active ID, setting the newly set active ID as its new opposite-end active ID of the TE link, and advertising over the network an link information which contains the new opposite-end active ID and its current active ID; when implementing the new service on the network, calculating paths based on the new active ID, and implementing the new service according to the calculation result. This method makes it possible to guarantee the normal operation of old services on an ASON network element while creating new services based on newly set IDs. |
| US07848498B2 |
Operating method for a support facility for a medical engineering system and objects corresponding herewith
An inquirer provides a support facility for a medical engineering system with a voice entry by means of a voice entry device. The support facility evaluates the voice entry by means of a voice recognition system and reacts correspondingly in that it outputs an acoustic output to the inquirer via an acoustic output device and an optical output via an optical device. |
| US07848494B2 |
System and method for capture and storage of forward and reverse link audio
A system and method for capturing and storing audio information from the forward or reverse link is disclosed. A communication device receives audio information via the forward or reverse link channel. The audio information is parsed and processed by voice recognition in order to translate the audio information into text information. Alternatively, the audio information may be recorded by the communication device and stored in memory for later processing. Once captured and translated, the text information can be edited and stored in various databases integral to the communication device. Additionally, when the text information comprises a telephone number, the communication device can place a call to that telephone number. |
| US07848490B2 |
Method for associating a wireless detector with an imaging apparatus
A method for obtaining an x-ray image stores an association between a digital radiology receiver panel, a label that is applied to one or more surfaces of the digital radiology receiver panel, and an x-ray imaging room. A response to an operator instruction designates the digital radiology receiver panel having the stored association as an active digital radiology receiver panel in the x-ray imaging room. Instructions are transmitted wirelessly to the active digital radiology receiver panel. Image data is obtained from the active digital radiology receiver panel following exposure to x-ray radiation. |
| US07848489B1 |
X-ray diffractometer having co-exiting stages optimized for single crystal and bulk diffraction
A diffractometer for X-ray diffraction measurements has two co-exiting sample stages which are mounted on the goniometer base simultaneously. A rotation stage is used for single crystal X-ray diffraction and an XYZ stage is used for general X-ray diffraction with bulky samples. The driving bases of both stages are located away from the instrument center so the measuring space in the vicinity of the instrument center is available to either of the two sample stages. With this arrangement, the rotation axis of the rotation stage stays aligned to the instrument center even when the XYZ stage is used for data collection. Therefore, realigning of the rotation stage to the instrument center is not necessary when switching the applications between the two stages. |
| US07848487B2 |
Methods for sterilizing biological materials containing non-aqueous solvents
Methods are disclosed for sterilizing biological materials to reduce the level of one or more active biological contaminants or pathogens therein, such as viruses, bacteria (including inter- and intracellular bacteria, such as mycoplasmas, ureaplasmas, nanobacteria, chlamydia, rickettsias), yeasts, molds, fungi, prions or similar agents responsible, alone or in combination, for TSEs and/or single or multicellular parasites. The methods involve sterilizing biological materials containing one or more non-aqueous solvents with irradiation. |
| US07848485B2 |
Trailer security inspection system
For a radiation imaging inspection system, apparatus, and/or method, the system, particularly a trailer security inspection system, includes a protective wall forming an inspection passage for passage of a trailer, a radiation imaging system effecting security inspection of the trailer passing through the inspection passage, and a fraction arrangement for hauling the trailer. |
| US07848484B2 |
Method and apparatus for sorting materials according to relative composition
Disclosed herein is a metal sorting device including an X-ray tube, a dual energy detector array, a microprocessor, and an air ejector array. The device senses the presence of samples in the x-ray sensing region and initiates identifying and sorting the samples. After identifying and classifying the category of a sample, at a specific time, the device activates an array of air ejectors located at specific positions in order to place the sample in the proper collection bin. |
| US07848483B2 |
Magnesium silicide-based multilayer x-ray fluorescence analyzers
The present invention provides a multilayer structure including a substrate having formed on a surface thereof at least one period of individual layers, the period having at least two layers including a first layer which includes magnesium silicide and a second layer which includes at least one of tungsten, tantalum, cobalt, nickel, copper, iron, chromium, alloys, oxides, borides, silicides, and nitrides of these elements, silicon, carbon, silicon carbide, boron, and boron carbide. If the period includes three layers, the second layer includes one of silicon, carbon, silicon carbide, boron, and boron carbide and a third layer includes one of tungsten, tantalum, cobalt, nickel, copper, iron, chromium, and alloys, oxides, borides, silicides, and nitrides of these elements, the second layer being disposed between the first and the third layers. If the period includes four layers, a fourth layer includes one of silicon, carbon, silicon carbide, boron, and boron carbide, the third layer being disposed between the second and fourth layers, and the fourth layer being disposed between the third layer of multilayer period n and the first layer of multilayer period n−1. |
| US07848474B2 |
Signal timing phase selection and timing acquisition apparatus and techniques
Signal timing phase selection and timing acquisition apparatus and techniques are disclosed. A timing phase that is most closely aligned with a phase of information carried by a received signal is selected from a plurality of timing phases. The selected timing phase may be used, for example, as a reference signal for a phase detector in a Phase-Locked Loop (PLL). The received signal may be sampled one or more times per timing phase. In a multiple-sample implementation, the samples may be used for timing phase selection, for detection of a known initial pattern of a burst of information to thereby detect the start time of a an information burst, or both. |
| US07848470B2 |
System and method for asymmetrically adjusting compensation applied to a signal
In one embodiment of the present invention, a method for adjusting a signal includes applying at least one of a loss compensation for frequency-dependent distortion and an offset compensation for DC-offset distortion to a signal before or after the distortion occurs to generate an output signal. The method also includes, using a clock signal, sampling the output signal to generate a plurality of data values and boundary values, each value comprising either a high value or a low value based on the sampling of the output signal. The method further includes, based only on the high or low value of one or more of the data values and boundary values, adjusting at least one of the loss compensation and the offset compensation applied to the signal, where if the at least one of the loss compensation and the offset compensation applied to the signal is to be increased, the at least one of the loss compensation and the offset compensation is increased by a first amount, if the at least one of the loss compensation and the offset compensation applied to the signal is to be decreased, the at least one of the loss compensation and the offset compensation is decreased by a second amount, and the magnitude of the first amount is not equal to the magnitude of the second amount. |
| US07848469B2 |
Receiver
A receiver for a telecommunication system, including a radio frequency unit connected to at least one antenna and configured to receive using a multitude of channels, and an estimator configured to estimate a first signal to interference and noise estimate dependent on a noise covariance matrix and channel vector, and estimate a second signal to interference and noise estimate dependent on the first signal to interference and noise estimate and a bias correction term. |
| US07848467B2 |
Signal processing system in wireless mobile communication system
In a wireless mobile communication system, functions of a base transceiver station is divided and served by transmission/reception devices for communicating with mobile stations, and a signal processing device for performing base band signal processes of a plurality of channels. A plurality of transmission/reception devices and a plurality of signal processing devices are connected via a communication network. Thereby, connection relationships among the transmission/reception devices and the signal processing devices can be flexibly changed. |
| US07848464B2 |
Method and apparatus for receiving data in a communication system
A method and apparatus for receiving data in a communication system is disclosed. Receiving a first signal from a transmitter, a first canceller cancels from the received first signal a second signal desired to be received from the transmitter. A second canceller detects and cancels an interference signal from the second signal-canceled first signal. A calculator calculates a Log Likelihood Ratio (LLR) of the interference signal-canceled first signal. |
| US07848461B2 |
Apparatus and method for signal reception in multiple input multiple output (MIMO) communication system
A method for signal reception in a Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO) communication system is provided. The method enhances the efficiency of signal reception in the MIMO system and simplifies the algorithms of signal reception and soft decoding metrics generation. In other words, soft decisions are generated according to correlations between metrics corresponding to least reliable bits based on MMSE linear estimation and noise variance estimation is provided to improve performance when an error is generated in channel matrix H estimation. |
| US07848452B2 |
Distortion compensating apparatus
A distortion compensating apparatus has an IQ imbalance compensation coefficient arithmetic circuit 31 for calculating, from correlation values of a transmission signal and a feedback signal, IQ imbalance compensation coefficients for compensating for IQ imbalance in a quadrature modulator 23; and an IQ imbalance compensator 21 for compensating for the IQ imbalance with respect to a distortion compensated signal output from a distortion compensator 11 according to the IQ imbalance compensation coefficients, and for outputting to the quadrature demodulator 23. |
| US07848447B2 |
Radio parameter group generating apparatus, transmitter and receiver
An apparatus for generating sets of radio parameters includes a first deriving unit deriving a set of radio parameters for specifying a symbol including an effective symbol part with the same period as the effective symbol part specified by another set of radio parameters and a guard interval part with a different period from the guard interval part specified by the other set of radio parameters. The apparatus further includes a second deriving unit deriving a set of radio parameters so that an occupancy proportion of the guard interval part in a single symbol specified by another set of radio parameters is equal to an occupancy proportion of the guard interval part in a single symbol specified by the other set of radio parameters. |
| US07848444B2 |
Wireless communication system, wireless communication apparatus, and wireless communication method
A wireless communication system is disclosed. The system performs data transmission from a first terminal including N antennas to a second terminal including M antennas using spatially multiplexed streams (N and M are integers larger than or equal to 2). |
| US07848439B2 |
Communication apparatus, communication system, and communication method
A communication apparatus capable of improving the spectrum usage rate of a system, especially, the spectrum usage rate in connection with both a fast fading and a channel estimation error as compared with the conventional sub-band adaptive method, while reducing the degree of the difficulty in achieving the adaptation, and further reducing the feedback overhead. In this apparatus, a sub-band group AMC parameter selecting part (318) selects an AMC parameter of each sub-band. An adaptive reception control part (503) must control an adaptive demodulating/decoding part (311), while controlling a parallel/serial converter (312) in a stage preceding the adaptive demodulation and decoding processes, and combining received symbols in the same sub-band group for demodulation and decoding. |
| US07848437B2 |
Sub-carrier diversity method on multi-band orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexing symbol
A sub-carrier diversity method on an MB-OFDM (multi-band orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexing) system repeatedly transmitting an identical frequency band of an identical symbol, including: setting a value of a TDS (time domain spreading) of sub-carriers depending on a transmission rate; and shifting the positions of the sub-carriers in a predetermined unit so that the sub-carriers diverge from one band to another. |
| US07848436B2 |
Method for detecting OFDM timing in OFDM system
A scheme for detecting a symbol timing (synchronization) of an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) system in which a transmitting end inserts a Cyclic Prefix (CP) and/or a Cyclic Suffix (CS) in an OFDM symbol for transmission, and a receiving end uses a new timing metric to detect a timing (synchronization) of the OFDM symbol based on a maximum value of the timing metric, whereby when applying the method for detecting the symbol timing of the OFDM system according to the present invention, the symbol timing can be obtained more precisely, to thusly enable stabilizing of performances of the OFDM system. |
| US07848435B2 |
NxN multiple-input multiple-output transceiver
An N×N multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) transceiver is provided. The transceiver includes a plurality of transceivers, each including at least one transceiver circuit; an oscillation unit which is configured to generate a differential signal which is supplied to the at least one transceiver circuit; a plurality of buffers, which are mounted in a bypass line between the at least one transceiver circuit and the oscillation unit and are configured to amplify and bypass the differential signal or input and amplify the differential signal; and a buffer control unit which is configured to control the plurality of buffers to bypass or input the differential signal. |
| US07848433B1 |
System and method for processing data with drift control
A system, method and computer-readable media are introduced that relate to data coding and decoding. A computing device encodes received data such as video data into a base layer of compressed video and an enhancement layer of compressed video. The computing device controls drift introduced into the base layer of the compressed video. The computing device, such as a scalable video coder, allows drift by predicting the base layer from the enhancement layer information. The amount of drift is managed to improve overall compression efficiency. |
| US07848426B2 |
Motion vector estimation method and encoding mode determining method
A motion vector estimation method and an encoding mode determining method for converting an input moving picture image into a compressed moving picture image suitable for a desired frame rate by re-determining a motion vector and a motion-compensated block type when the frame rate of the input moving picture image needs to be reduced. A method of estimating a motion vector of a motion vector of a macroblock of a current frame in a transcoder includes determining whether the motion vector of the macroblock of the current frame is created with reference to a macroblock of a dropped frame and estimating the motion vector of the macroblock of the current frame by tracing back a reference frame until an undropped frame is found, if the motion vector of the macroblock of the current frame is created with reference to the macroblock of the dropped frame. |
| US07848424B2 |
Control of frame types in video compression
A method of controlling frame types in a video compression system having I, P and B frames calculates activity figures of the video signal in vertical, vertical temporal and horizontal directions. Video sequences with low complexity in which the vertical activity within a field is less than the vertical-temporal activity within a frame are encoded without using B frames whereas sequences with high complexity, i.e. spatial detail, are encoded using B frames by the use of the invention, disadvantages associated with B frames are reduced by the selected use of B frames. |
| US07848423B2 |
Video encoding/decoding method and apparatus for motion compensation prediction
A video encoding apparatus includes selecting one combination, for each block of an input video signal, from a plurality of combinations. Each combination includes a predictive parameter and at least one reference picture number determined in advance for the reference picture. A prediction picture signal is generated in accordance with the reference picture number and predictive parameter of the selected combination. A predictive error signal is generated representing an error between the input video signal and the prediction picture signal. Encoding the predictive error signal, information of the motion vector, and index information indicating the selected combination is included. |
| US07848421B2 |
Video encoding/decoding method and apparatus for motion compensation prediction
A video encoding apparatus includes selecting one combination, for each block of an input video signal, from a plurality of combinations. Each combination includes a predictive parameter and at least one reference picture number determined in advance for the reference picture. A prediction picture signal is generated in accordance with the reference picture number and predictive parameter of the selected combination. A predictive error signal is generated representing an error between the input video signal and the prediction picture signal. Encoding the predictive error signal, information of the motion vector, and index information indicating the selected combination is included. |
| US07848416B2 |
Video signal encoding apparatus and video data encoding method
A video signal encoding apparatus comprises a decoding unit for decoding each compression still image data into a frame image; a supplementary information, extracting unit for extracting supplementary information added to each compression frame image data; a motion prediction process adoption judging unit for judging, on the basis of the supplementary information, whether the frame image can be subjected to a motion prediction process; and a compression moving image generating unit for selecting the inter-frame prediction encoding method and the intra frame encoding method on the basis of a judgement result by the motion prediction process adoption judging unit to generate the moving image data. |
| US07848413B2 |
Video encoding/decoding method and apparatus for motion compensation prediction
A video encoding method includes selecting one combination, for each block of an input video signal, from a plurality of combinations. Each combination includes a predictive parameter and at least one reference picture number determined in advance for the reference picture. A prediction picture signal is generated in accordance with the reference picture number and predictive parameter of the selected combination. A predictive error signal is generated representing an error between the input video signal and the prediction picture signal. Encoding the predictive error signal, information of the motion vector, and index information indicating the selected combination is included. |
| US07848412B2 |
Video encoding/decoding method and apparatus for motion compensation prediction
A video encoding apparatus includes selecting one combination, for each block of an input video signal, from a plurality of combinations. Each combination includes a predictive parameter and at least one reference picture number determined in advance for the reference picture. A prediction picture signal is generated in accordance with the reference picture number and predictive parameter of the selected combination. A predictive error signal is generated representing an error between the input video signal and the prediction picture signal. Encoding the predictive error signal, information of the motion vector, and index information indicating the selected combination is included. |
| US07848411B2 |
Moving picture prediction method, moving picture coding method and apparatus, and moving picture decoding method and apparatus
A moving picture prediction method for enabling a calculation amount and a storage capacity to be reduced in a prediction about a moving picture by scaling processing is provided. A method for predicting the value P of Time T from the value P0 of Time T0 and the value P1 of Time T1 includes a step of judging whether it is possible to generate a predictive value with a predetermined significant number of bits by scaling using Time T0, T1 and T (Step S90); a step of predicting the value P from the values P0 and P1 by scaling using Time T0, T1 and T when it is possible to generate a predictive value with the predetermined significant number of bits (Step S92); and a step of predicting the value P from the values P0 and P1 without using Time T0, T1 and T when it is impossible to generate a predictive value with the predetermined significant number of bits (Step S91). |
| US07848404B2 |
Current mode logic multi-tap feed-forward equalizer
A system and method are provided for feed-forward equalization (FFE) in a transmission system. The method accepts a serial stream of input digital data signals. For each input data signal, a temporal sequence of signals is generated. Each of the signals in the temporal sequence is selectively shaped. Shaping map include varying the degree of amplification, modifying the slew rate, or varying the time delay. The contributions of the selectively shaped signals in the temporal sequence are then selectively weighted, and a summed output signal is transmitted. |
| US07848402B1 |
Phase-adjusted pre-emphasis and equalization for data communication
Methods and circuits are provided for producing phase-adjusted pre-emphasis and equalization. In applications in which little or no phase distortion occurs during signal transmission, propagation, or reception, linear-phase pre-emphasis or equalization can be used to reduce or eliminate phase distortion introduced by the pre-emphasis or equalization. Linear phase, constant group delay FIR filters or circuits may have odd numbers of coefficients symmetrical about the middle coefficient. In applications in which signal phase distortion occurs, linear phase or non-linear phase pre-emphasis or equalization can be used to reduce or compensate for the phase distortion. Phase compensation may be effected using FIR pre-emphasis and equalization filters and circuits. Non-linear phase FIR filters may have different numbers and combinations of coefficients. |
| US07848399B2 |
Semiconductor integrated circuit
A semiconductor integrated circuit has first and second delay circuits that have n (n is an integer equal to or larger than 2) delay elements connected in series, respectively, and in which an identical input signal is inputted to delay elements at a first stage and output signals of delay elements at a kth (k is an integer satisfying a condition 1≦k≦n−1) stage are inputted to delay elements at a k+1th stage and a detection circuit that has n edge detecting units and a readout unit and in which a jth (j is an integer satisfying a condition 1≦j≦n) edge detecting unit is inputted with an output signal of a delay element at a jth stage of the first delay circuit and an output signal of a delay element at an n−j+1th stage of the second delay circuit, detects whether periods of rising or falling changes of the two signals overlap, and counts a number of times of the detection, and the readout unit reads out the counted number of times of the detection. |
| US07848398B2 |
System and method for dynamic allocation of spectrum
A communication system is provided for transmitting video, audio, and data content between two or more nodes of a communications network comprised party of twisted pair links. Also provided, is a telecommunication system for transmitting spectrum, comprising transmission bandwidths that carry signals such as, video, audio, data and other services, over twisted pairs of telephone wires. Such system being adopted to for dynamic assignment and management of frequency bands of spectrum over twisted pair links. |
| US07848397B2 |
Frequency coherence within a location network
Generating frequency coherence between a received reference positioning signal carrier component transmitted by at least one reference transmitter and a unique positioning signal carrier component generated by a positioning-unit device. The positioning-unit device receives a reference positioning signal and measures a frequency offset of the reference positioning signal carrier component relative to a common oscillator. Once a frequency offset is measured, the positioning-unit device adjusts a frequency steerable clock by an amount derived from the measured frequency offset. The positioning-unit device then generates a unique positioning signal carrier component at an aligned carrier frequency with the reference positioning signal carrier component. Furthermore, the positioning-unit device continuously adjusts the unique positioning signal carrier component by applying the measured frequency offset to the frequency steerable clock, which is reference to the common oscillator. Subsequently, the frequency of the adjusted unique positioning signal carrier component is aligned with the frequency of said reference positioning signal carrier component. |
| US07848395B2 |
Single oscillator transceiver
A frequency plan is provided for particular use in a transceiver. Advantageously, a single oscillator may be used to generate desired frequency signals. One or more power splitters receive the signal and equally divide the signal into first and second signals having a frequency substantially equal to the original. Multipliers on each arm of the transceiver receive a signal and increase the frequency of the signal. In one exemplary embodiment, multiple signals having different frequencies may be transmitted over the same cable due in part to the generated frequency separation between the signals. In another exemplary embodiment, multiple signals may be transmitted over multiple cables. Additionally, multiple signals over one or more cables may be transmitted at or below 3 GHz. |
| US07848393B2 |
Pilot signals for synchronization and/or channel estimation
The frame words of the embodiments are suitable for frame synchronization and/or channel estimation. By adding the autocorrelation and/or cross-correlation functions of frame words, double maximum values equal in magnitude and opposite polarity at zero and middle shifts are obtained. This property can be used to slot-by-slot, double-check frame synchronization timing, single frame synchronization and/or channel estimation and allows reduction of the synchronization search time. Further, the present invention allows a simpler construction of a correlator circuit for a receiver. A frame synchronization apparatus and method using an optimal pilot pattern is used in a wide band code division multiple Access (W-CDMA) next generation mobile communication system. |
| US07848383B2 |
Cold crucible induction furnace with eddy current damping
Apparatus and method are provided for damping the induced fluid flow, particularly in the region of the base plate, in an electrically conductive material that is heated and melted in a cold crucible induction furnace. Damping is accomplished by establishing a dc magnetic field such that flow of the electrically conductive liquid metal in that dc magnetic field would induce eddy currents in the liquid metal which would generate forces that tend to oppose the flow. The dc magnetic field may be established by dc current flow in the ac induction coil that induces current in the material, dc current flow in a separate dc coil, or coils, constructed to prevent excessive induced losses, by discrete magnets, or a combination of any of the three prior methods. |
| US07848378B2 |
Apparatus and method for monitoring power of a UV laser
An excimer laser includes a chamber for containing laser gas, electrodes in the chamber disposed to excite the laser gas, thereby producing optical emissions, first and second mirrors arranged to form a resonator cavity, and a detector disposed to receive a portion of light transmitted through the first mirror. The first mirror is more reflective than the second mirror. |
| US07848377B2 |
Vertical-cavity, surface-emission type laser diode and fabrication process thereof
A vertical-cavity, surface-emission-type laser diode includes an optical cavity formed of an active region sandwiched by upper and lower reflectors, wherein the lower reflector is formed of a distributed Bragg reflector and a non-optical recombination elimination layer is provided between an active layer in the active region and the lower reflector. |
| US07848375B1 |
Ridge waveguide laser with flared facet
Embodiments disclosed herein relate to a laser die. The laser die includes a base epitaxial portion, a mesa portion, and first and second facets, wherein at least one of the first and second facets is flared such that an area of the facet is increased. Embodiments disclosed herein also relate to a high-speed laser. The high-speed laser includes a substrate, an active region positioned above the substrate, a mesa positioned above the active region, and one or more facets, wherein at least one of the one or more facets includes a flared portion configured to increase an area of the facet. |
| US07848374B2 |
Light-emitting device and manufacturing method thereof
Provides is a semiconductor light-emitting device. The semiconductor light-emitting device includes a first conduction-type cladding layer, an active layer, and a second conduction-type cladding layer, on a substrate. Portions of the substrate and the first conduction-type cladding layer are removed. According to the light-emitting device having the above-construction, damage to a grown epitaxial layer is reduced, and a size of an active layer increases, so that a light-emission efficiency increases. Even when a size of a light-emitting device is small, a short-circuit occurring between electrodes can be prevented. Further, brightness and reliability of the light-emitting device are improved. |
| US07848373B2 |
Drive circuit for semiconductor light emitting element, and light source device, lighting device, monitor device, and image display device using the drive circuit
A drive circuit for a semiconductor light emitting element used for a light source device adapted to output a laser beam converted using a wavelength conversion element adapted to generate a second harmonic wave, includes a switching element connected to a power supply, an inductor having one end connected to the power supply via the switching element, and the other end connected to the ground, a first terminal disposed between the switching element and the inductor, to which a cathode terminal of the semiconductor light emitting element is connected, and a second terminal disposed between the other terminal of the inductor and the ground, to which an anode terminal of the semiconductor light emitting element is connected. |
| US07848371B2 |
Laser device formed by a stack of laser diodes
The laser device (22) is formed by a stack of laser diodes (4) arranged on plates (6) formed of a material that is electrically conductive and a good heat conductor. In order to obtain a high level of heat evacuation efficiency towards the cooling body (10) and to prevent electric short-circuiting problems, each plate has at the bottom end (24) thereof, an electrically insulating layer deposited on the surface thereof prior to being fixed to the cooling body by a securing material (26) that is preferably a good heat conductor, formed in particular by a braze layer. According to the invention, the insulating layer covers the end face of each plate and also goes up along the lateral faces of the latter over a certain height. The securing material is arranged under the end of the plate and also partially covers the insulating layer along the lateral faces of the plate. |
| US07848369B1 |
Optical modulator drive circuit with integrated low power output bias voltage control
A modulator drive circuit provides a modulator drive signal to modulate an optical signal for transport across a network infrastructure. The modulator drive circuit powered by an adjustable voltage source, such that the modulator drive signal is generated from a data signal and the adjustable voltage source, an AC component of the modulator drive signal being derived from the data signal while a DC component of the modulator drive signal being derived from the adjustable voltage source. An array of such modulator drive circuits are provided on a single substrate. |
| US07848362B2 |
Real time clock distribution and recovery
The present technology relates to protocols relative to utility meters associated with an open operational framework. More particularly, the present subject matter relates to protocol subject matter for advanced metering infrastructure, adaptable to various international standards, while economically supporting a 2-way mesh network solution in a wireless environment, such as for operating in a residential electricity meter field. The present subject matter supports meters within an ANSI standard C12.22/C12.19 system while economically supporting a 2-way mesh network solution in a wireless environment, such as for operating in a residential electricity meter field, all to permit cell-based adaptive insertion of C12.22 meters within an open framework. Cell isolation is provided through quasi-orthogonal sequences in a frequency hopping network. Additional features relate to apparatus and methodology subject matters relating to real time clock distribution and recovery. |
| US07848360B2 |
Method for transmitting synchronization messages in a communication network
There is described a method for transmitting synchronization messages in a communication network, the communication network comprising a plurality of network nodes communicating with one another, each containing an internal clock, which is timed with a node clock frequency assigned to the respective network node. The synchronization messages transmitted in the communication network serve to synchronize the times of the internal clocks of the network nodes and contain the pulse counter status of a synchronization clock operating at a predefined synchronization clock frequency. The pulse counter status is estimated by each network node and updated in the synchronization message. Changes in the synchronization clock frequency are taken into account when estimating the pulse counter status. Precise determination of the pulse counter status is achieved with the aid of an approximation of the change over time in the pulse ratio between synchronization clock frequency and node clock frequency by means of a function, with the result that the pulse ratio on transmission of a new synchronization message can be predicted and a precise current pulse counter status can be determined on the basis of the predicted pulse ratio. The method is particularly suitable for use in a communication network of an industrial automation system, whose components communicate with one another for example according to the Profinet standard. |
| US07848356B2 |
Frequency domain channel estimation in a single carrier frequency division multiple access system
A channel estimator for use in a receiver node receiving signals from a plurality of user terminals wherein each user terminal is allotted a respective set of transmission subcarriers and respective test signal sequences for transmission over the channel to be estimated. The channel estimator has stored therein information as to the respective sets of transmission subcarriers allotted to the user terminals for transmission as well as the discrete spectra of the respective test signal sequences allotted to the user terminals. Upon receiving from a plurality of user terminals signals including the respective test signal sequences transmitted over the channel by using the respective sets of transmission subcarriers allotted thereto, the estimator generates the discrete spectrum of the combined test signal received and performs channel estimation as a function of the discrete spectrum of the combined test signal and the discrete spectra of the test signal sequences allotted to the user terminals. A frequency domain channel estimation is performed for a single carrier frequency division multiple access system. |
| US07848349B2 |
Distribution of data to multiple recipients
In a trading system market data from a matching engine is distributed by a broker to a plurality of trading floors repeatedly every T seconds, typically one second. This one second distribution period is divided into a plurality of time slots and each trading floor is randomly assigned to a slot. Data for a given trading floor is calculated and distributed during the time slot assigned to that floor. The position of a trading floor relative to others is varied by swapping a pair of adjacent time slots every J distribution periods. |
| US07848348B2 |
System and method for managing network traffic
A system and method for managing network traffic is disclosed. A system that incorporates teachings of the present disclosure may include, for example, a data switch having a controller element to transmit telemetry data representative of bandwidth usage by one or more users of the data switch. Traffic for the data switch can be managed based at least in part on the bandwidth usage by higher bandwidth users of the data switch. Additional embodiments are disclosed. |
| US07848345B2 |
Communication network using code division multiplexing technology
A communication network which can use communication bandwidth effectively. Spreading codes of a first and a second code length are assigned for every communication terminal interfaces connected to the same communication network. The spreading codes of the first code length are used for data communications. The spreading codes of the second code length are used for the control communications between the interfaces and the server. The interfaces and the server receives mixed signals of the data and the control signals. When the received signals are decoded using the spreading code of the first code length, control signal components became equal to or lower than the noise level. When the received signals are decoded using the spreading code of the second code length, data components became equal to or lower than the noise level. Therefore, the interfaces and the server can extract one of these signal components. |
| US07848341B2 |
Switching arrangement and method with separated output buffers
Discloses a switching arrangement for packets of data, with several input ports and several output ports and which is determined for the transportation of incoming packets to one or more designated of the output ports and from there to a subsequent device. More particularly it relates to a switching arrangement and method wherein for each input port a set of output buffers is arranged, each set comprising an output buffer for each output port. |
| US07848331B2 |
Multi-level packet classification
A method for processing a packet that includes receiving the packet where the packet comprises a header, and traversing a flow table comprising a plurality of flow table entries (FTEs) for each FTE encountered during the traversal, obtaining a packet matching function associated with the FTE, applying the packet matching function associated with the FTE to the header to determine whether the packet matches the FTE, if the packet matches the FTE, send the packet to one selected from the group consisting of one of a plurality of receive rings (RRs) and a first sub-flow table, where the first sub-flow table is associated with the FTE, stopping the traversal of the flow table, and if the packet does not match the FTE continue the traversal of the flow table. |
| US07848328B2 |
Broadcast content encapsulation
Components of a transmitted service delivering multiple versions of content are mapped to streams carrying data for those multiple versions. The data streams are encapsulated into User Datagram Protocol (UDP) packets; the UDP destination port fields of the packets are given component-identifying values. A user equipment (UE) receiving the transmitted service identifies desired components based on the UDP destination port field values. The UE further encapsulates desired component UDP packets into Internet Protocol (IP) packets, and may assign component-identifying values to fields of the IP packets (e.g., the IP source address and/or IP destination address). |
| US07848325B2 |
Decoupled header and packet processing in IPSEC
An IPsec processor for performing IPsec processing of traffic packets is disclosed. The IPsec processor comprises a network processing module (500) and a hardware co-processing module (502) coupled to the network processing module (500) via an interface, the co-processing module (500) comprising a policy check processor (525), and a packet transform processor (526). The network processing module (500) is adapted for communicating a part of a packet to the policy check processor (525) via the interface, and if IPsec processing of the packet is required, communicating the packet to the packet transform processor (526) via the interface, and scheduling the IPsec processed said packet, received from the packet transform processor (526) via the interface, for forwarding. |
| US07848323B2 |
Method for transporting data packets, data network system, and network nodes
A method for transporting data packets, a data network system and network nodes are provided. According to the present invention, subframes are classified according to their forwarding paths when entering a network from an ingress node; subframes with the same forwarding path are encapsulated into a multiframe; the multiframe is transported via intermediate nodes; and the multiframe is de-encapsulated into the original subframes at an egress node. According to the present invention, traffic to enter the network is processed at an edge node of a network, so that small data packets (subframes) are encapsulated into a large data packet (multiframe) for increasing a minimum data packet length, and the subframes are recovered from the multiframe when the traffic exits the network for reducing the burden of traffic processing in a transport network. |
| US07848322B2 |
Device, system and method of UDP communication
Device, system and method of UDP communication. For example, an apparatus in accordance with an embodiment of the invention includes a non-kernel UDP protocol handler adapted to perform a UDP operation of a user mode application by bypassing the operating system kernel and directly accessing a communication adapter having an operating system bypass capability. |
| US07848315B2 |
End-to-end voice over IP streams for telephone calls established via legacy switching systems
When voice over Internet Protocol (IP) capabilities are added to a conventional network of voice switches, an IP network is normally used to replace individual trunks between voice switches and to replace telephone lines between telephones and their serving voice switches. As a result, calls across the upgraded network often pass across a series of IP hops. Accordingly, the problem of replacing a series of IP hops by a single hop, to avoid degradation of end-to-end voice quality due to repeated packetization/depacketization sequences and associated functions such as compression/decompression, is addressed. |
| US07848314B2 |
VOIP barge-in support for half-duplex DSR client on a full-duplex network
Providing VOIP barge-in support for a half-duplex DSR client on a full-duplex network by buffering, in a half-duplex DSR client, input audio from the full-duplex network; playing, through the half-duplex DSR client, the buffered input audio; pausing, during voice activity on the half-duplex DSR client, the playing of the buffered input audio; sending, during voice activity on the half-duplex DSR client, speech for recognition through the full-duplex network to a voice server; receiving in the half-duplex DSR client through the full-duplex network from the voice server notification of speech recognition, the notification bearing a time stamp; and, responsive to receiving the notification, resuming the playing of the buffered input audio, including playing only buffered VOIP audio data bearing time stamps later than the time stamp of the recognition notification. |
| US07848313B1 |
Method and apparatus for carrying telephony network traffic over an ATM network
A method that sends ATM source identification and an ATM-TDM correlation tag from an ATM source gateway to a telephony signaling control network; and then receives at an ATM destination gateway the ATM source identification and the ATM-TDM correlation tag as sent from the telephony signaling control network; and then sends the ATM-TDM correlation tag from the ATM destination gateway to the ATM source gateway to establish a connection between the ATM destination gateway and the ATM source gateway. |
| US07848305B2 |
Techniques for accessing a wireless communication system with tune-away capability
To access a first communication system, a terminal determines a transmission time for an access probe, an expected response time from the system, and a protected time interval based on the transmission time and/or expected response time. The terminal determines a starting time for sending the access probe such that the protected time interval does not overlap a tune-away interval in which the terminal is to monitor anther frequency/air-interface. This starting time may be set initially to the end of a prior access probe plus a pseudo-random wait duration and may be advanced forward or moved backward in time, if needed, by a time duration selected such that the protected time interval does not overlap the tune-away interval. |
| US07848304B2 |
Transmitting interleaved multiple data flows
Multiple transport channels (405, 406, 407) are multiplexed and transmitted in a single physical channel. A code (TFCI) is added to the transport channel data flows to indicate which processing schemes, from a set of available schemes, are being employed and the resultant blocks are interleaved. The depth of the interleaving is set in dependence on the transmission time intervals associated with the schemes in the set of processing schemes. |
| US07848300B1 |
Method and system to interface internet protocol (IP) based wireless devices with networks
A method and apparatus in which multiple Internet Protocol (IP) based wireless data transmissions are simultaneously provided between a wireless device and a server, including providing multiple antennas, multiple T/R units, multiple processors and multiple I/O ports on the wireless device. The method includes receiving multiple IP data packets on the I/O ports at substantially the same time, and sending multiple data packets from the wireless device to the server, whereby the transmission rate between the wireless device and the server is increased. |
| US07848296B2 |
Apparatus and method for generating channel information and apparatus and method for adaptive transmission employing the same
Provided are an apparatus and method for generating channel information and apparatus and method for adaptive transmission employing the same. The channel information generation apparatus comprises an estimator for estimating current channel information of a multi-carrier received signal for each path, a short-period channel information generator for predicting channel information after a predetermined minimum transmission delay time based on the current channel information estimated by the estimator to generate short-period channel information, and a long-period channel information generator for deriving statistic information of error between the channel information predicted by the short-period channel information generator and actual channel information at the time of transmission to produce long-period channel information. The invention is applied to mobile communication systems using multi-carrier. |
| US07848295B2 |
System and method for managing a band AMC subchannel in an orthogonal frequency division multiple access communication system
A method for allocating a band Adaptive Modulation and Coding (AMC) channel in a wireless communication system that divides a full frequency band into a plurality of subcarrier bands and includes subchannels, each of which is a set of a predetermined number of neighbor subcarrier bands. Upon recognizing a need for a band AMC channel, a subscriber station (SS) sends a request for allocation of the band AMC channel to a base station (BS). Upon receiving the band AMC channel allocation request, the BS determines if it can allocate the band AMC channel requested by the SS, considering a resource situation of the BS, and transmits information on the determination to the SS. |
| US07848294B2 |
Apparatus, method and computer program product providing signaling for power reuse
In one non-limiting, exemplary embodiment, a method includes: receiving information, by a user equipment, from a first network element of a plurality of network elements, wherein the information is descriptive of a power reuse pattern utilized by the plurality of network elements; identifying, using the received information, at least one frequency sub-band of a plurality of frequency sub-bands, wherein each network element of the plurality of network elements transmits at least one measurement signal in a channel on a frequency sub-band of the plurality of frequency sub-bands, wherein the measurement signals of the plurality of network elements are transmitted with different transmission powers, wherein the identified at least one frequency sub-band corresponds to a second network element of the plurality of network elements; and performing at least one power measurement of the identified at least one frequency sub-band. |
| US07848287B2 |
Bi-directional RLC non-persistent mode for low delay services
The transfer delay QoS attribute for delay-sensitive applications is enforced in radio access networks by determining the ongoing validity of incomplete data packets based on a maximum data transfer delay constraint. According to one embodiment, upper-layer packet data units (PDUs) associated with an application having a maximum data transfer delay constraint are transferred by starting a timer responsive to initial transmission of an RLC data block associated with one or more of the upper-layer PDUs. The timer is initialized to a timer value that is based on the maximum data transfer delay constraint. The RLC data block is retransmitted responsive to a received message indicating reception of the RLC data block is unacknowledged so long as the timer has not expired. The RLC data block is deleted from memory responsive to the timer expiring or a received message indicating reception of the RLC data block is acknowledged. |
| US07848282B2 |
Method and apparatus for high rate packet data transmission
In a data communication system capable of variable rate transmission, high rate packet data transmission improves utilization of the forward link and decreases the transmission delay. Data transmission on the forward link is time multiplexed and the base station transmits at the highest data rate supported by the forward link at each time slot to one mobile station. The data rate is determined by the largest C/I measurement of the forward link signals as measured at the mobile station. Upon determination of a data packet received in error, the mobile station transmits a NACK message back to the base station. The NACK message results in retransmission of the data packet received in error. The data packets can be transmitted out of sequence by the use of sequence number to identify each data unit within the data packets. |
| US07848280B2 |
Tunnel overhead reduction
Reduction of overhead normally caused by the addition of a second IP header in case of tunneling between a home agent and a mobile node located in a foreign network is achieved by replacing an encapsulated first IP header by a tunnel identifier. The home agent and the mobile node agree on a tunnel identifier value at the time of binding update and acknowledgement. The tunnel identifier may be used independently at the home agent and at the mobile node to reconstruct the first IP header, which identifies a correspondent node. Because the encapsulated first IP header is not terminated at either of the home agent or mobile node, overhead reduction is not impacted by eventual transmission error or loss between these two nodes. |
| US07848279B2 |
User equipment
The invention describes user equipment for communicating data in a communications system comprising a set of user equipment; comprising a transceiver arranged to receive a first data packet over a communications data channel and an associated second data packet over a communications control channel. The second data packet comprises a first identifier arranged to identify a subset of the set of user equipment and the first data packet comprises a second identifier arranged to identify at least one of the subset of user equipment. The user equipment further comprising a processor arranged to determine from the second data packet first identifier if the said user equipment is one of the said subset of user equipment and from the second identifier if the said user equipment is said the at least one of the subset of user equipment. Wherein the processor is further arranged to decode the first data packet if the processor determines the said user equipment is one of the said subset of user equipment and is the said at least one of the subset of user equipment. |
| US07848274B2 |
Content distribution method and relay apparatus
A relay apparatus 30 issues a new sub-address at a timing when mobile phones (10a, 10b) requested content from a CP server apparatuses (20a, 20b), that is, at a timing when a sub-address is required. The content specified by this sub-address is distributed from the CP server apparatuses via the relay apparatus (30) to the mobile phones. In system of the present invention it is possible to utilize the same sub-address many times for different content items. It is therefore possible to avoid increasing the number of digits of the sub-address as well as the complexity of the sub-address structure, in a case where the types of content or the number of content items increases. |
| US07848261B2 |
Systems and methods for providing a quiescing protocol
The systems and methods of the present invention provide a quiescing protocol. In one embodiment, nodes of a system utilize the protocol to complete processing until they reach a consistent state. In one embodiment, a coordinator initiates the quiescing process and the nodes communicate with each other to determine whether their messages have been processed and communicate with the coordinator to determine when all of the messages have been processed. |
| US07848259B2 |
Systems and methods for inferring services on a network
Systems and methods are disclosed for managing services on a network. In one exemplary embodiment, the method includes receiving topologically relevant network information concerning nodes, interfaces, connections and/or protocols; resolving conflicts in the received information; determining and storing a network topology from the received and resolved information; and inferring one or more services based on the stored topology. |
| US07848255B2 |
Controller apparatus, mobile terminal, and communication control method for changing topology
A controller apparatus of this invention includes a topology information managing unit configured to manage topology information showing a topology, a location information acquiring unit configured to acquire location information on a plurality of mobile terminals, a link information acquiring unit configured to acquire link information at the mobile terminals, a determining unit configured to determine a way to change the topology, based on the location information, the link information and the topology information, and a transmitting unit configured to generate instruction information for changing the topology, based on the determined way to change the topology, and to transmit the instruction information to a certain mobile terminal. |
| US07848250B2 |
Wireless communication apparatus and wireless communication method enabling switching of communication channel
A wireless communication apparatus includes a transmission and reception unit, a monitoring unit, and a control unit. The transmission and reception unit transmits and receives a frame to and from a wireless communication terminal. The monitoring unit monitors an interference signal in a first communication channel. The control unit selects a second communication channel and a third communication channel. The second and the third communication channels are different from the first communication channel. The transmission and reception unit transmits an instruction frame to the wireless communication terminal when the monitoring unit detects the interference signal in the first communication channel. The instruction frame includes information on the second and third communication channels and instructs the wireless communication terminal to switch the communication channel from the first communication channel to at least one of the second and third communication channels. |
| US07848243B2 |
Method and system for estimating modem and fax performance over packet networks
A system and method for providing service quality metrics related to the quality of service provided by a Voice over Internet Protocol (“VoIP”) network to voiceband modems or fax machines communicating over the VoIP network. The system utilizes a multi-state Markov model to evaluate the quality of service provided by the VoIP network and provides an assessment of the suitability of the network to carry voiceband data traffic. |
| US07848242B2 |
Methods and apparatus for testing adaptive timing characteristics of packet-based timing protocol
Methods and apparatus for testing adaptive timing characteristics of a packet-based timing protocol are provided. A packet delay variation test sequence is applied to packet-based traffic as the packet-based traffic passes through a packet delay variation generator during transmission between nodes. Adaptive timing characteristics at a node that receives the packet-based traffic are evaluated in accordance with the packet delay variation test sequence. |
| US07848239B2 |
Network system capable of dynamically controlling data flow and its method
A network system capable of dynamically controlling a data flow is disclosed. The network system includes: a forwarding unit, for receiving a packet and for providing a QoS (quality of service) function; and a processor, for accessing data from the forwarding unit through an interface and setting at least one parameter of the forwarding unit. The interface is coupled between the forwarding unit and the processor, and the processor executes a software program to set the at least one parameter of the forwarding unit.In this way, the forwarding unit can classify received packets into different QoS levels according to their transmission properties, and can provide different forwarding methods and QoS services to reduce the amount of the output queues physically. |
| US07848237B2 |
System and method for selective packet discard for the transport of multiple transportation streams of streaming media in packet-based networks
A system and method is provided for reducing the bandwidth of MPEG transport streams during transmission over a packet-switched network. The system and method identifies characteristics of a plurality of media fragments disposed within each of a plurality of packets of a transport stream, and aggregates the characteristics into a summary value for each of the packets. The summary value is correlated to a priority weighting identifiable by a network element. Each of the packets is marked with the priority weighting, so that the packets may be selectively dropped by a network element in accordance with their priority weightings to reduce the bandwidth of the transport stream. |
| US07848235B2 |
Detecting network evasion and misinformation
Network evasion and misinformation detection are disclosed. Techniques are provided for network security, including determining whether a particular packet, segment, frame, or other data encapsulation has been retransmitted. By detecting and tracking retransmits, the packet may be compared to the original packet to determine whether an attack exists. By evaluating the original data stream and a copy of the original data stream modified with the retransmitted packet, an evasion or misinformation attempt may be detected, invoking pattern or signature matching to determine whether an attack is attempted against a target host. |
| US07848234B2 |
Allocating access across shared communication medium to user classes
A method of providing network access across a shared communications medium between competing users includes the step of allocating network access for each user for a future time interval. Features include forecasting network access of the users in a future time interval, and prioritizing the users for allocating network access to the users. The network access allocations represent network access allowances available to the users during the future time interval, and further may represent network access usage. Classes of users can be allocated network access first, and then each user allocated network access from the class allocation. Users with high network access usage are identified and solicited to modify service level agreements under which network access is provided. Network Access is also provided to user classes under class service level agreements entered into, for instance, by a service provider on behalf of the users. |
| US07848233B2 |
Method and a communication platform for packet communication between a service provider in a first network and a radio communication device in a second network
The present invention relates to a communication platform for packet communication between at least one service provider in a first network and a radio communication device in a second network, the second network comprises a first network node provided to, at least partly, handle communication between the radio communication device and a gateway located in the second network. The gateway is provided to handle communication between the second network and the communication platform, and the communication platform comprises an application programming interface provided to handle two-way communication between the service provider and the radio communication device. |
| US07848231B2 |
Packet communication network and packet communication method
A packet communication network is connected between a first external network and a second external network. The packet communication network includes a classifier, a parallel network that includes a plurality of physically or logically independent networks, and a multiplexing router. The classifier classifies a packet input from the first external network to one of the networks in the parallel network. Each of the networks in the parallel network transmits the packet to the multiplexing router. The multiplexing router multiplexes a packet received from the networks in the parallel network and outputs the multiplexed packet to the second external network. |
| US07848227B2 |
Retransmit timeout suppression in large scale networks
A method, apparatus, and network communication node for suppressing transmission of a request packet, in the context of a request-response network protocol, if a packet in response to a currently pending request packet is present in an input process queue in a network communication node are presented. One embodiment of the present invention provides this capability by pre-processing an incoming packet to determine whether the packet is designated as being in response to a pending request. |
| US07848224B2 |
Method and apparatus for constructing a repair path for multicast data
A method is disclosed for constructing a repair path for multicast data around a non-available component in a data communications network having as components nodes and links therebetween. The method comprises the step performed at a repairing node, of receiving from a notifying node in a network, a notification identifying the notifying node and components through which the notifying node can be reached. The method further comprises the steps of deriving, from the notification, a network repair address for use in the event of non-availability of a component identified in the notification; and constructing a repair path for multicast data for the repair address. |
| US07848223B2 |
Redundantly connected wireless sensor networking methods
Methods and devices for operating a wireless network including redundant communication. Methods involving redundantly connected nodes are discussed including addressing methods and/or methods of creating groups for such redundant communication. The use of primary and secondary redundant connections is discussed. Also, devices for implementing such methods. |
| US07848220B2 |
System for modeling digital pulses having specific FMOP properties
A system samples data of a digital pulse. The system includes a processor, an integrator, and a converter. The processor computes a discrete Fourier transform of frequency data of the digital pulse. The discrete Fourier transform includes a first output. The integrator integrates the first output to produce phase data. The phase data includes a second output. The converter applies an inverse discrete Fourier transform to the second output to produce a continuous signal that may be sampled at a predetermined time instant. |
| US07848218B2 |
Virtual multi-antenna method for OFDM system and OFDM-based cellular system
Provided are a virtual multi-antenna method for an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system and an OFDM-based cellular system. The virtual multi-antenna method includes grouping sub-carriers in a frequency domain of an OFDM symbol and generating at least one group including G sub-carriers; and regarding the G sub-carriers included in the at least one group as multiple channels used in a multi-antenna technique and virtually applying the multi-antenna technique to the transmission and reception of the OFDM symbol. The virtual multi-antenna method can effectively reduce an interference signal and obtain the effects of a spatial division multiple access (SDMA) technique without physically using multiple antennas. |
| US07848216B2 |
Optical disc and physical address format
An optical disc medium comprises a track groove, along which main information is recorded. The track groove is divided into a plurality of blocks. The plurality of blocks each include a plurality of frames. The plurality of frames each include one shape of wobbles indicating sub information, among a plurality of prescribed shapes of wobbles. The plurality of blocks each have address information. The address information is represented by a string of at least one piece of sub information represented by the shape of wobbles of at least one of the plurality of frames. |
| US07848215B2 |
Optical recording medium, information recording apparatus and information reproduction apparatus
An optical-recording medium is provided with at least a first recording layer for recording information optically; and a second recording layer for recording information optically by a light beam that passes through said first recording layer; wherein the track pitch of a recording track that is formed on said second recording layer is narrower than the track pitch of a recording track that is formed on said first recording layer. |
| US07848211B2 |
Objective lens apparatus, optical pickup apparatus, and optical disc driving apparatus
An objective lens apparatus is disclosed. The apparatus includes: a first objective lens with a first numerical aperture, which is capable of focusing a laser light on a first optical record medium with a first cover layer of a first thickness; a second objective lens with a second numerical aperture smaller than the first numerical aperture, which is capable of focusing the laser light on a second optical record medium with a second cover layer of a second thickness larger than the first thickness; a third objective lens with a third numerical aperture smaller than the second numerical aperture, which is capable of focusing the laser light on a third optical record medium with a third cover layer of a third thickness larger than the second thickness; and a lens holder which holds the first objective lens, the second objective lens, and the third objective lens. |
| US07848210B2 |
Optical head and optical disk apparatus
An optical head includes: a first optical element having an optical characteristic of reflecting a light of a first wavelength and transmitting lights of second and third wavelengths, on the first optical element the light of the first wavelength from a first light source being incident; and a second optical element having an optical characteristic of transmitting the light of the first wavelength, reflecting the light of the second or the third wavelength in a first polarization state and transmitting the light of the second or the third wavelength in a second polarization state, a first surface on which the light reflected by the first optical element is incident, a second surface on which the lights of the second and the third wavelengths from second and third light sources are incident, and a third surface emitting the first, the second and the third lights incident from the first and the second surfaces. |
| US07848205B2 |
Information-recording medium and optical information-recording/reproducing device
An information-recording medium having a substrate and a recording part formed on the substrate allowing three-dimensional formation of recording pits, the recording part, comprising multiple recording layers, in which the recording pits are formed with a converged recording light at a wavelength of λ2 and reproduced with a converged reproducing light with a wavelength λ1 shorter than the wavelength λ2, and intermediate layers alternately laminated between the recording layers, wherein the reflectance at the recording light wavelength of λ2 in the unrecorded region is smaller than the reflectance at the reproducing light wavelength of λ1 in the unrecorded regions of the recording layers. |
| US07848202B2 |
Apparatus for manufacturing information record medium, information record medium, information recording apparatus and information recording method
On an information record medium (10, 11), record information can be recorded one time or a plurality of times by a predetermined record format. An apparatus for manufacturing the information record medium by using a stamper (27, 28) is provided with an embossed pit array forming device (20 to 26, 50) for forming on the stamper as an embossed pit array, pre-record data (SFi) which is a predetermined data row to disable overwriting on the record information in a pre-record area, which is set in advance in a range including an area (13c) assigned to information required to control a reproduction of the record information, which is recorded by the predetermined record format. |
| US07848201B2 |
Information recording apparatus that can achieve uniform signal characteristics and overwriting characteristics over an entire surface of an optical disk medium
In an information recording method and apparatus, when performing recording by using multiple pulses defined by erase powers Pe1 and Pe2 for forming a space part between mark parts, the set values of the erase powers Pe1 and Pe2 are updated at predetermined intervals in accordance with a recording linear velocity. |
| US07848196B2 |
Power determining method, single-sided multilayer optical disk, recording method, computer program product, computer-readable medium, and optical disk apparatus
A power determining method is disclosed for determining the light emitting power of a light source upon recording information on an optical disk having plural rewritable recording layers, the method involving obtaining an optimum erasing power with respect to an optimum recording power by recording test data on the optical disk. |
| US07848195B2 |
Method for transmitting a write strategy to a laser driver
The invention relates to a method for transmitting a write strategy to a laser driver, and to a pickup and an apparatus for writing to or reading from and writing to optical recording media using such method.According to the invention, the method has the steps of: transmitting an encrypted write strategy to the laser driver; and decrypting the transmitted write strategy with a decryption key stored in a first memory of the laser driver. |
| US07848191B2 |
Optical disk apparatus
An optical disk apparatus is provided with a recording/reading unit that records data and reads recorded data with respect to an optical disk. Further, the optical disk apparatus is provided with a control unit that judges whether an account name recorded on the optical disk matches an account name selected by the operation unit. The control unit permits the recording/reading unit to record data to the optical disk if the account names match. And the control unit prohibits the recording/reading unit from recording data to the optical disk if it is judged that the account names do not match. |
| US07848189B2 |
Optical disk apparatus controlling focus and tracking drive in gap and recorded area when adjusting write power
It is an optical disk apparatus that comprises: a laser drive device for outputting a test power larger than a prescribed value in a gap section; an optical pickup for forming a beam spot on a disk and detecting reflected light; a focus error detector for detecting position shift between a recording face of the information recording medium and the beam spot; a focus control device for controlling the position shift; and a focus drive device for driving an objective lens in directions far from and close to the disk, wherein, in the gap section, the focus drive device keeps a focus drive output level of right before the laser drive device outputs the test power, and sets a recording power such that the emitted light power becomes the prescribed value. |
| US07848183B2 |
Information processing device and method, and recording medium for reducing replication time between a source and a destination
An information processing device performing replication of data between recording media so that valid information recorded in a first recording medium is recorded in a second recording medium, the information processing device includes a replication control unit controlling the replication of the data so that only information of an allocation space which is an area having the valid information recorded therein is read from the first recording medium serving as a replication source and the read valid information is written in the second recording medium serving as a replication destination. |
| US07848182B2 |
Recording medium, access apparatus, access method, and program
A recording medium is provided, which comprises at least one recording area. The at least one recording area is composed of at least one adjustment area and at least one positional information recording area. The at least one adjustment area is an area for adjustment an access parameter for accessing the recording medium. Positional information indicating a position of the at least one adjustment area is recorded in the at least one positional information recording area. |
| US07848181B2 |
Method and apparatus for optimizing optical disc navigators
The present invention provides a method and apparatus for optimizing optical disc navigators. According to the present invention, the optical disc player sets the optimum optical disc navigator that can be realized as the optical disc navigator for playing the optical disc by testing and adjusting basing on the optical disc navigator resources that are retrieved from the optical disc playing system (including the optical disc player, optical disc and network or other storage media) and the functions that can be realized by the default optical disc navigator within the optical disc playing system, so as to achieve the purpose of fully utilizing the resources and smooth playing. |
| US07848177B2 |
Semiconductor integrated circuit device
The semiconductor integrated circuit device includes: a first latch which can hold an output signal of the X decoder and transfer the signal to the word driver in a post stage subsequent to the X decoder; a second latch which can hold an output signal of the Y decoder and transfer the signal to the column multiplexer in the post stage subsequent to the Y decoder; and a third latch which can hold an output signal of the sense amplifier and transfer the signal to the output buffer in the post stage subsequent to the sense amplifier. The structure makes it possible to pipeline-control a series of processes for reading data stored in the non-volatile semiconductor memory, and enables low-latency access even with access requests from CPUs conflicting. |
| US07848175B2 |
Calibration of memory driver with offset in a memory controller and memory device interface in a communication bus
A method and system are provided for coupling a DRAM and a memory controller during driver training to reduce mismatches by controlling impedances within the system environment. The memory device, which is typically the device initializing a bit level voltage on a data net, is adjusted through altering what appears to be the reference voltage value to the memory device. A current driven to the memory device is varied in small increments while impedance training is rerun until a desired value is achieved to set the 0 level voltage on the data net. |
| US07848173B1 |
Address decoder
An address decoder includes N predecoders that receive and logically combine a clock signal and respective address signals to periodically provide respective addresses and complementary addresses. N is an integer greater than one. A first decoder receives the respective addresses and complementary addresses and generates a decoder output based on the received respective addresses and complementary addresses. |
| US07848172B2 |
Memory circuit having reduced power consumption
A memory circuit having reduced power consumption includes a plurality of memory sub-arrays and a shared circuit coupled to each of the memory sub-arrays. Each memory sub-array includes at least one row circuit, at least one column circuit, and a plurality of memory cells operatively coupled to the row and column circuits. The row and column circuits are operative to provide selective access to one or more of the memory cells. The shared circuit includes circuitry, external to the memory sub-arrays, which is operative to control one or more functions of the memory sub-arrays as a function of at least one control signal supplied to the memory circuit. The memory circuit is operative, with at least one of the memory sub-arrays operative, with one or more of the memory sub-arrays powered and concurrently with one or more of the memory sub-arrays unpowered. |
| US07848168B2 |
Semiconductor memory device having refresh mode and method for driving the same
A semiconductor memory device can control the toggling of signals corresponding to internal addresses during an auto-refresh mode. The semiconductor memory device includes an internal address generator configured to generate a plurality of first word line driving information signals and a plurality of first to seventh address information signals, which are sequentially activated in response to a driving signal and a refresh signal, a toggle controller configured to generate first and second toggle control signals in response to the third to sixth address information signals during an auto-refresh mode or a self-refresh mode, and a driving controller configured to generate a plurality of bit line driving signals and a plurality of second word line driving information signals corresponding to the first to third and seventh address information signals in response to the first and second toggle control signals. |
| US07848167B2 |
Apparatus and method for generating wide-range regulated supply voltages for a flash memory
A voltage regulator is provided. The voltage regulator provides an output voltage that is proportional to a digital multi-bit select signal. The voltage regulator includes a coarse voltage regulator and a fine voltage regulator. The coarse voltage regulator provides a coarse output voltage based on an output of a voltage divider selected based on the most significant bits of the select signal. The fine voltage regulator provides the output voltage from the coarse output voltage. The output of the fine voltage regulator is adjusted by adjusting the output of an adjustable current source that is provided to a resistor that is coupled between the output and one of the inputs of the fine voltage regulator. |
| US07848161B2 |
Semiconductor memory device
A semiconductor memory device comprising a memory cell array of cross-point type having memory cells each composed of a variable resistive element for storing information in the form of variation of the electrical resistance. The operating current in the programming operation is reduced. Main data lines (GDL0 to GDL7) for supplying predetermined data line voltages to each of the corresponding data lines (DL0 to DL7) of the memory cell arrays (BK0 to BK3) arranged at least in the row direction extend in the row direction and are connected to the corresponding data lines (DL0 to DL7) through individual data line selecting transistors (TD0k to TD7k) in the memory cell arrays (BK0 to BK3). The number of data lines (DL0 to DL7) of the memory cell arrays (BK0 to BK3) is equal to the largest number of memory cells in which data is simultaneously programmed in one write operation. |
| US07848159B2 |
Non-volatile memory systems and methods including page read and/or configuration features
A high speed voltage mode sensing is provided for a digital multibit non-volatile memory integrated system. An embodiment has a local source follower stage followed by a high speed common source stage. Another embodiment has a local source follower stage followed by a high speed source follower stage. Another embodiment has a common source stage followed by a source follower. An auto zeroing scheme is used. A capacitor sensing scheme is used. Multilevel parallel operation is described. |
| US07848158B2 |
Methods and apparatuses for programming flash memory using modulated pulses
Methods and apparatuses for programming non-volatile semiconductor memory devices by using modulated pulses are disclosed. An apparatus may have a pulse generator, to create a sequence of pulses and set a threshold voltage of a non-volatile memory cell, and a pulse coupler. The apparatus may have a threshold verifier capable of verifying that the threshold voltage is set within an acceptable voltage range of a target threshold voltage. A pulse width modulator in some apparatuses may modulate the pulse durations early in the sequence when programming fast bits and late in the sequence when programming slow bits. An apparatus may generate a sequence of pulses, apply the sequence of pulses to a memory cell to set a threshold voltage of the memory cell, and modulate one or more of pulses in the sequence the parameters of pulse duration, pulse separation time, and step voltage magnitude. |
| US07848145B2 |
Three dimensional NAND memory
A monolithic, three dimensional NAND string includes a first memory cell located over a second memory cell, a select transistor, a first word line of the first memory cell, a second word line of the second memory cell, a bit line, a source line, and a select gate line of the select transistor. The first and the second word lines are not parallel to the bit line, and the first and the second word lines extend parallel to at least one of the source line and the select gate line. |
| US07848143B2 |
Memory controller controlling semiconductor storage device and semiconductor device
A memory controller controls a semiconductor storage device including nonvolatile memory cells. The controller includes a generating circuit, and a selection circuit. The generating circuit generates first data based on a second data. The selection circuit retains a cumulative value whose each digit is a cumulative result in each bit of data which is already written in the memory cells. The selection circuit selects one of the first data. A selected first data has a better average of digits in a sum of each bit of the selected first data and each digit of the cumulative value than an unselected first data. The selection circuit retains the sum concerning the selected first data as the new cumulative value. |
| US07848140B2 |
Flash memory array system including a top gate memory cell
A memory system includes memory cells arranged in sectors. A decoder corresponding to a sector disables memory cells having a defective top gate. The decoder may include a low voltage or high voltage latch for the disabling. A top gate handling algorithm is included. The memory system may include dynamic top gate coupling. A programming algorithm and waveforms with top gate handling is included. |
| US07848133B2 |
Phase change memory with bipolar junction transistor select device
A phase change memory may be organized with a global word line coupled to a plurality of blocks, each with a plurality of phase change memory cells arranged in rows and columns. Thus, one global word line may be common to a plurality of blocks. The global word line may be coupled to a word line decoder that is responsible for pulling the word line to ground. Each of the blocks, on the other hand, is coupled to a bitline selector through a bitline. Each block may have its own local word line coupled to the global word line. In some cases, this architecture reduces the minimum capacity of the memory. |
| US07848131B2 |
High speed ferroelectric random access memory
For realizing high speed ferroelectric random access memory, bit line is multi-divided for reducing parasitic capacitance, so that the bit line is quickly charged or discharged by a memory cell including a ferroelectric capacitor when reading. Particularly, a non-inverting local sense amp is devised for reducing area, such that the memory cell is read by the local sense amp through a lightly loaded local bit line, and the local sense amp is read by a global sense amp through a global bit line. By the sense amps, a voltage difference in the local bit line is converted to a time difference for differentiating data “1” and data “0”, and buffered data path is used for achieving fast data transfer. Additionally, various alternative circuits and memory cell structures for implanting the memory are described. |
| US07848129B1 |
Dynamically partitioned CAM array
A content addressable memory (CAM) device includes a comparand register, a CAM array, and partition logic. The comparand register has inputs to receive a search key, and outputs coupled to the CAM array, which includes a plurality of individually selectable sub-arrays. Each sub-array includes a number of rows of CAM cells and a control circuit, wherein each row of CAM cells is coupled to a match line, and wherein the control circuit has an input to receive a corresponding sub-array enable signal. The partition logic has an input to receive a partition select signal, and is configured to generate the sub-array enable signals in response to the partition select signal. The control circuits selectively propagate the search key through the sub-arrays in response to the sub-array enable signals. |
| US07848127B2 |
Direct-current power supply apparatus with improved power factor
First and second rectification circuits are connected to a commercial AC power supply by a reactor. A load is connected between the output terminal on the positive side of the first rectification circuit and the output terminal on the negative side of the second rectification circuit. While the voltage or the commercial AC power supply remains at the positive level, a current flows through a path constituted by one of the diodes of the first rectification circuit and one of the diodes of the second rectification circuit. While the voltage of the commercial AC power supply remains at the negative level, too, a current flows through the path constituted by one of the diodes of the first rectification circuit and one of the diodes of the second rectification circuit. |
| US07848122B2 |
Terminator for reducing differential-mode and common-mode voltage reflections in AC motor drives
A terminator reduces reflections on power lines connecting an inverter to an AC motor by providing a differential-mode reflection damping element and at least one common-mode reflection damping element, the latter including a series capacitance to substantially reduce power dissipation in the resistance of the damping elements. |
| US07848119B2 |
Direct current to direct current converter
An exemplary DC to DC converter (2) includes a transistor (29), a first rectifying and filtering circuit (21), a pulse generating circuit (27) and a transformer (25). The first rectifying and filtering circuit transforms an external AC voltage to a first DC voltage. The transformer includes a primary winding (251), an assistant winding (252) connected with the primary winding in a flyback mode, and a secondary winding (253). The first DC voltage is connected to ground via the primary winding, the transistor in series. The pulse generating circuit includes a controlling terminal, a diode, a resistor, and a capacitor. One terminal of the assistant winding is connected to ground, and the other terminal of the assistant winding is connected to an anode of the diode. A cathode of the diode is connected to ground via the resistor and the capacitor in series. The controlling terminal is connected to gate electrode of the transistor. |
| US07848111B2 |
Slide type electronic device
A slide type electronic device includes a first device body, a second device body stacked on the first device body, and a slide mechanism provided between the first and second device bodies. The first device body has first and second input interfaces located at different positions. The slide mechanism enables the second device body to slide relative to the first device body in different directions to permit access to one of the first and second input interfaces. |
| US07848107B2 |
Heatsink mounting system
A heatsink system (10) is provided for containing and engaging a heatsink (16) against a heat generating component, typically an IC chip (18). The system (10) includes a rectangular integrally formed resilient frame (12) defining a cavity (26) in which the heatsink (16) is contained. The frame (12) includes a pair of opposed lateral sides (30) and a pair of opposing gripping sides (28) with L-shaped corner blocks (32) depending from the intersections thereof. The gripping sides (28) include centrally positioned grip handles (38) extending upward and grip blocks (34) depending therefrom, each grip block (34) having a grip tongue (36) at the lower extent thereof extending inward into the cavity (26). Inward pressure on the grip handles (38) forces the grip tongues (36) outward to release objects captured thereby. |
| US07848106B2 |
Temperature control within disk drive testing systems
A disk drive testing system cooling circuit includes a plurality of test racks. Each of the test racks include a test slot compartment and a test electronics compartment. Each of the test slot compartments includes multiple test slots, and one or more cooling conduits configured to convey a cooling liquid toward the test slots. Each of the test electronics compartments includes test electronics configured to communicate with the test slots for executing a test algorithm, and a heat exchanger in fluid communication with the one or more cooling conduits. The heat exchanger is configured to cool an air flow directed toward the test electronics. |
| US07848104B2 |
Power module
A power module includes a power device having a top electrode and a bottom electrode, an upper metal block connected to the top electrode, a lower metal block connected to the bottom electrode, a resin covering the power device, the upper metal block and the lower metal block so as to expose a upper surface of the upper metal block and a lower surface of the lower metal block, an upper terminal-cooling power-applying block connected to the upper metal block, a lower terminal-cooling power-applying block connected to the lower metal block, an upper terminal connected to the upper terminal-cooling power-applying block, a lower terminal connected to the lower terminal-cooling power-applying block, and a insulating case covering all elements so as to expose a part of the upper terminal and a part of the lower terminal. |
| US07848101B2 |
System and method for cooling electronic systems
A cooling system for cooling a plurality of electronic components comprises a centralized source comprising at least one micro cooler configured to deliver a flow of a cooling medium and a plurality of baffles configured to redistribute the cooling medium over the electronic components. The electronic components are situated in an enclosure. |
| US07848098B2 |
Hard disk bracket and electronic device employing the same
A hard disk bracket for fixing a hard disk defining a plurality of positioning holes in two opposite sidewalls thereof includes a chassis and two substantially parallel rows of fixing members projecting from the chassis, spaced from each other, and receiving the hard disk therebetween. Each row of the fixing portion includes at least resilient two limiting portions each including a positioning pin received in the corresponding positioning hole to fix the hard disk and at least one supporting portion including a supporting plate parallel to the chassis to support the hard disk. The at least two limiting portions align with the at least one supporting portion. A distance between the surface of the chassis and the positioning pin is greater than that between the surface of the chassis and the supporting plate. |
| US07848097B2 |
Fixing device for hard disk
A fixing device for fixing a hard disk includes a fixing bracket and a wire clip for fastening the hard disk to the fixing bracket. The fixing bracket includes a supporting body to which the hard disk is attached and two fixing arms respectively at two opposite sides of the supporting body for sandwiching the hard disk therebetween. The clip includes two pressing parts engaging with the fixing bracket and the hard disk, resting on a top surface of the hard disk and urging the hard disk towards the supporting body, and a locking part extending downwardly from two ends of the two pressing parts and spanning over an end of the fixing bracket to reach a bottom surface of the supporting body and engage with the fixing bracket, thereby fastening the hard disk to the fixing bracket firmly. |
| US07848095B2 |
Structure of mounting electronic device into housing
In a structure of mounting an electronic device into a housing according to the present invention, the electronic device has the following structure. First and second storage devices are connected to respective connecting parts provided on a substrate. Convex portions provided on a first supporting member are fitted from above into a gap between the first storage device and the substrate and a gap between the second storage device and the substrate, respectively. Convex portions provided on a second supporting member are fitted from below into the gap between the first storage device and the substrate and the gap between the second storage device and the substrate, respectively. The electronic device into which the first and second supporting members are fitted is inserted into the housing from an opening thereof, and fixed within the housing by the housing and a cover. |
| US07848087B2 |
Electronic device
An electronic device is described. The electronic device includes a housing, a printed circuit board mounted in the housing, an earphone and a retracting mechanism. The earphone includes a connecting cable and a head member. One end of the connecting cable is connected to the printed circuit board, the other is connected to the head member. The retracting mechanism includes a receiving compartment and a receiving space communicating with the receiving compartment. The receiving compartment receives the connecting cable therein. The head member is received in and fixed to the receiving space. |
| US07848083B2 |
Solid electrolytic capacitor and method for manufacturing same
The invention relates to a substrate for solid electrolytic capacitor and a method for producing solid electrolytic capacitors using the substrate. By reducing at least part of the porous layer on the surface between the anode part region and the cathode part region of the substrate and preferably filling the dent generated by the reduction with a masking material, a structure ensuring insulation between the anode and the cathode can be obtained and solid electrolytic capacitors excellent in leakage current property and reliability can be obtained. |
| US07848082B2 |
Solid capacitor and manufacturing method thereof
A solid capacitor and the manufacturing method thereof are disclosed. The solid capacitor consists of a dielectric layer and two electrodes. A plurality of holes formed by an opening process is disposed on surface of the dielectric layer. The two electrodes connect with the dielectric layer by the holes. By means of a plurality of high temperature volatile matters, the plurality of holes is formed on surface of the dielectric layer during sintered process. The holes are connected with the outside so as to increase surface area of the dielectric layer and further the capacity is increased. And the solid capacitor stores charge by physical means. Moreover, the solid capacitor can be stacked repeatedly to become a multilayer capacitor. |
| US07848081B2 |
Lithium-ion capacitor
The invention provides a negative electrode material for use with a lithium-ion capacitor, which is high in energy density, output density and excellent in durability. When graphite of which an average distance between 002 lattice planes thereof is within a range from 0.335 nm to 0.337 nm is used for an active material of a negative electrode of a lithium-ion capacitor, the energy density of the capacitor is increased. The output characteristic and the cycle durability can be improved when D10, D50 and D90 are set within predetermined ranges. |
| US07848080B2 |
Electrolytic capacitor
The electrolytic capacitor includes a capacitor element and an electrolyte solution with which the capacitor element is impregnated. The capacitor element is composed of a positive electrode made of a valve metal, an etched negative electrode containing copper, and a separator disposed therebetween. The electrolyte solution contains complex salt of an azole ring compound with copper ions. |
| US07848079B1 |
Multi-capacitor assembly
A capacitor assembly comprises a capacitor housing wherein a relatively larger main capacitor and at least one relatively smaller secondary capacitor can be enclosed and include an efficient and simple combination of electrical connections from the multiple capacitors to an external electrical connection interface. Another aspect includes a capacitor housing wherein volumetric efficiency is enhanced by the arrangement of the multi-capacitors within a given volume of a cavity of the housing. For a given size main capacitor and one or more secondary capacitors, the total volume of space occupied by those capacitors and the housing is minimized to take up minimum room in an electrical box. |
| US07848074B2 |
Electronic circuit breaker and method
An electronic circuit breaker has an input, an output, and a switch electrically connected between the input and the output. The electronic circuit breaker monitors the energy dissipated by the switch and opens the switch when the energy reaches a threshold value in order to protect the switch. The electronic circuit breaker also monitors the current through the switch and opens the switch when necessary to protect the load. |
| US07848064B2 |
Enhanced anti-parallel-pinned sensor using thin ruthenium spacer and high magnetic field annealing
An anti-parallel pinned sensor is provided with a spacer that increases the anti-parallel coupling strength of the sensor. The anti-parallel pinned sensor is a GMR or TMR sensor having a pure ruthenium or ruthenium alloy spacer. The thickness of the spacer is less than 0.8 nm, preferably between 0.1 and 0.6 nm. The spacer is also annealed in a magnetic field that is 1.5 Tesla or higher, and preferably greater than 5 Tesla. This design yields unexpected results by more than tripling the pinning field over that of typical AP-pinned GMR and TMR sensors that utilize ruthenium spacers which are 0.8 nm thick and annealed in a relatively low magnetic field of approximately 1.3 Tesla. |
| US07848063B2 |
Yoke-type magnetic head and magnetic disk apparatus
According to one embodiment, a yoke-type magnetic head for reading out magnetic information from a medium in which information is magnetically recorded in a track direction, the head includes a magnetic pole which is provided on a plane perpendicular to a linear recording direction and has an opposing surface facing the medium, a saturation magnetic flux density Bs1, and a volume V1, a sub yoke which is formed on the plane by being connected to the magnetic pole, and has a length SYW in a direction perpendicular to the linear recording direction longer than a length SYH in a direction perpendicular to a surface of the medium, and a saturation magnetic flux density Bs2 and a volume V2, the product Bs2V2 of which is larger than the product Bs1V1, and a magnetoresistance effect film which is formed between the sub yoke and the opposing surface, and abuts the magnetic pole. |
| US07848061B2 |
Current perpendicular to plane (CPP) magnetoresistive sensor with back flux guide
A current perpendicular to plane (CPP) magnetoresistive sensor having a free layer that is magnetically coupled with a magnetic shield, thereby providing the free layer with a large effective flux guide. Sensor performance is improved by virtually eliminating demagnetization fields at the back edge of the sensor. The free layer can be magnetically connected with the shield by a magnetic coupling layer or shunt structure that is disposed between the free layer and the shield behind the capping layer. |
| US07848058B2 |
Voice coil damper
A voice coil for a voice coil motor of a hard disk drive comprises an inner surface of the voice coil, which bounds a central space of the voice coil. A first outer surface of the voice coil is substantially parallel to a second outer surface of the voice coil. A constrained layer damper is attached to the inner surface of the voice coil by a coupler. The constrained layer damper comprises a first constraining layer coupled to a first surface of a viscoelastic damping layer. A second constraining layer is coupled to a second surface of the viscoelastic damping layer. The constrained layer damper is curved in a direction that is substantially perpendicular to the first outer surface of the voice coil and the second outer surface of the voice coil. |
| US07848057B1 |
Disk drive with air-actuated load/unload ramp
Various air-actuated components of a disk drive are disclosed. For instance, an air-actuated load/unload ramp may be used by a disk drive and which is movable between a parked position and an operational position. An air-actuated ramp lock may be used by a disk drive to lock a movable load/unload ramp (e.g., one that may move between a parked position and an operational position). Finally, an air-actuated head positioner assembly may be used by a disk drive to lock a head positioner assembly in its parked position. In each of these cases, air currents generated by a rotation of one or more disks used by the disk drive provide the motive force for moving the noted air-actuated component at least generally from one position to another. |
| US07848055B2 |
Magnetic head with an electrode film including different film thicknesses
The present invention relates to a perpendicular recording magnetic head. A main magnetic pole film of a perpendicular recording element is a plated film formed on an electrode film and having a small width portion and a large width portion. The small width portion is a portion for emitting a perpendicular magnetic field from a front end thereof, while the large width portion is portion being continuous with a rear end of the small width portion and having an increased width. The electrode film is different in film thickness between beneath a portion of the plated film forming at least the front end of the small width portion and beneath a portion of the plated film forming the large width portion. |
| US07848053B2 |
Magnetic head and magnetic disk storage apparatus mounting the head
Embodiments in accordance with the present invention provide a magnetic head in which broadening of the effective track width can be decreased without reducing the write-field intensity and a variation of the track width can be decreased. A main pole consists of a pole tip having a part which provides the write track-width and a yoke part recessed from the air beating surface in the element height direction, and the pole tip consists of a pole tip at the trailing side where the width in the track-width direction is large and a pole tip at the leading side where the width in the track width direction is small. Moreover, the throat height of the pole tip at the trailing side is made greater than the throat height of the pole tip at the leading side. |
| US07848045B1 |
VCM PWM control architecture for power saving in hard disk drives
The power required by a voice coil motor (VCM) to maintain the head in the data region of a disk drive during an idle mode is further reduced. The current supplied to the VCM is switched on and off. This takes advantage of the inherent inductance in the VCM, which maintains a current after the current supply is switched off. The current will slowly decay, with it being switched on again before it reaches a level where the average value won't offset the flex bias. In one embodiment, the current is maintained in a single direction, to offset the flex bias which pushes in one direction. Digital switches are used to reduce the power consumption of the control circuitry. |
| US07848042B1 |
Decoupling magneto-resistive asymmetry and offset loops
Removing magneto-resistive asymmetry (MRA) from a signal is disclosed. Removing MRA includes determining an estimated offset error associated with error due to offset in the signal, determining an estimated signal error associated with error due to offset and MRA in the signal, and removing at least a portion of MRA from the signal based at least in part on the estimated offset error and the estimated signal error. |
| US07848041B2 |
Method and apparatus for correcting data errors in a disk drive
According to one embodiment, a disk drive that includes a disk and a disk controller is provided which effectively correct data errors that are generated at the time of reproducing data. The disk has a data-recording area constituted by a set of magnetic dots that are physically separated from one another. The disk controller uses error-correcting codes to determine an error that shows a change in the total number of bits in a data-bit string of the data set reproduced. |
| US07848040B2 |
Magnetic recording disk and disk drive with amplitude-type servo fields having patterned alternating-polarity servo islands for read/write head positioning
A magnetic recording disk drive has a disk with pre-patterned nondata servo sectors extending generally radially across the data tracks for use in positioning the read/write heads on the data tracks. The servo sectors include a synchronization pattern of generally radially directed magnetized marks, a first field of generally radially directed magnetized stripes, and a second field of generally radially directed magnetized stripes. Each stripe in each of the two fields comprises a plurality of radially spaced discrete islands, each island having a radial height of approximately Tp, where Tp is the spacing of the track centerlines in the radial direction. In the first field, the islands are centered at a track centerline, and in the second field the islands are centered at the midline between two adjacent track centerlines. The marks and islands are discrete magnetized regions separated by nonmagnetic spaces. The marks in the synchronization pattern and the stripes in the two fields have alternating polarity of magnetizations in the along-the-track direction. |
| US07848038B1 |
Boosted write driver for transmission line with reduction in parasitic effect of protection devices
A driver for driving a load over a transmission line, such as driving the magnetic head of a hard disk drive. The driver includes a signal switch for switching the signal to the load during a signal period, and a boost switch for boosting the signal during a boost period, so as to decrease rise time of the signal at the load by deliberately injecting an overshoot. A switchable protection device protects the signal switch and the boost switch. The protection device includes a reflection-suppression switch which is pulsed during a time corresponding to the expected return of a reflection corresponding to the overshoot signal, so as to force the protection device into saturation mode. Since the protection device is in the saturation mode during the return reflection of the boost signal, the returned reflection sees a matched impedance and thus reduces a re-reflection back to the load. |
| US07848037B2 |
Media defect removal in disk drive head testing
A method for testing a hard disk drive is described. The method includes determining a number of defects associated with a portion of recordable media associated with a hard disk drive. The method further includes comparing the number of determined defects to a threshold number of defects and provided the number of determined defects is greater than the threshold number of defects, determining that the portion of the disk comprises disk defects. |
| US07848035B2 |
Single-use lens assembly
An optical assembly includes an output optical element having a thermally conductive and optically transmissive material and a thermal conduit in thermal communication with the output optical element and having at least one surface configured to be in thermal communication with at least one heat dissipating surface of a light delivery apparatus. The optical assembly further includes a coupling portion configured to be placed in at least two states. In a first state, the coupling portion is attached to the apparatus such that the at least one surface of the thermal conduit is in thermal communication with the at least one heat dissipating surface. In a second state, the coupling portion is detached from the apparatus after having been attached to the apparatus in the first state and in which the coupling portion is configured to prevent re-attachment of the coupling portion to the apparatus. |
| US07848033B2 |
Optical concentrator
Apparatus for concentrating light rays arriving from at least one opening onto a receiver, individual beams of the light rays each arriving at the apparatus substantially collimated, the apparatus including a respective Fresnel lens assembly for each opening, the Fresnel lens assembly including a first Fresnel lens, and a second Fresnel lens, the first Fresnel lens being located between the opening and the receiver, the second Fresnel lens being located between the first Fresnel lens and the receiver, the first Fresnel lens collimating the light rays arriving from the opening, the second Fresnel lens converging the collimated light rays onto the receiver, the opening being located in front of the Fresnel lens assembly, on the focal plane of the first Fresnel lens, centered on the focal point of the first Fresnel lens, and the receiver being located behind the Fresnel lens assembly, on the focal point of the second Fresnel lens. |
| US07848030B2 |
Image forming optical system and electronic image pickup apparatus using image forming optical system
In an image forming optical system having a positive lens group, a negative lens group, and an aperture stop, the positive lens group being disposed at an image-plane side of the aperture stop and having a cemented lens, and when a straight line indicated by Nd=α×νd+β (where, α=−0.017) is set, Nd and νd of at least one lens forming the cemented lens are included in both an area which is determined by a line when a lower limit value is in a range of a following conditional expression (1), and a line when an upper limit value is in a range of the following conditional expression (1), and in an area determined by following conditional expressions (2) and (3) 1.45<β<2.15 (1) 1.30 |
| US07848020B2 |
Thin-film design for positive and/or negative C-plate
Thin-film coatings, which for example have alternating layers of high and low refractive index materials, are shown to function as both positive and negative C-plates, in dependence upon the incident radiation. In particular, the shape of the retardance versus angle of incidence profile is found to be determined, at least in part, by the phase thickness of the thin film coating (i.e., the optical thickness in terms of the wavelength of the incident radiation, which may, for example, be expressed in degrees, radians, or as the number of quarter wavelengths). These thin film coatings are optionally integrated into anti-reflection coatings, thin film interference filters and/or other components to improve efficiency and/or functionality. |
| US07848013B2 |
Optical fiber amplification system
An optical fiber amplifier pumping technique based on multiple stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) for optical communication systems includes a plurality of pump signals with increasing wavelength which are injected into a fiber. The wavelengths of such pump signals are such that, in cascade, each pump signal of the plurality is amplified by the pump signal of wavelength immediately shorter, while it amplifies that with the wavelength immediately higher with the pump signal of highest wavelength which, in turn, pumps a remote rare earth doped optical fiber amplifier. |
| US07848012B2 |
Method and apparatus for continuous wave harmonic laser
An apparatus for producing coherent, continuous wave, ultraviolet light, includes one or more source lasers in the visible or near-infrared frequency range. The apparatus also includes one or more frequency conversion stages. Each of the one or more frequency conversion stages includes one or more reflectors, an optical resonator, one or more waveguide components, or one or more fiber optic components. At least one of the one or more frequency conversion stages includes a huntite-type aluminum double borate nonlinear optical material to produce light having a wavelength between 190 and 350 nm. The huntite-type aluminum double borate material has a composition given by MAl3B4O12, where M is one or a plural combination of elements {Sc, La, Y, or Lu}. |
| US07848011B2 |
Wavelength converting element
A wavelength converting element which does not generate crystal destruction and output saturation of a second harmonic due to a third harmonic generated inside the element is provided. The wavelength converting element receives a fundamental wave which is light having a wavelength (lambda), outputs the second harmonic which is light having a wavelength (lambda/2), and has a crystal including at least one element selected from a group composed of Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Eu, Gd, Ho, Yb, and Lu as an additive. |
| US07848009B2 |
Image display medium and image display device
An image display medium includes a pair of substrates, a liquid that is enclosed between the substrates, first colored particles, second colored particles and third colored particles. The first colored particles are colored a first color and move in response to an electric field that is formed between the substrates. The second colored particles are colored a second color and move in an opposite direction of the first colored particles. The third colored particles are colored a third color, are configured to have a particle diameter such that the third colored particles move through clearances between the first colored particles and the second colored particles in a state in which the first colored particles and the second colored particles have aggregated together, and move in response to an electric field that is formed between the substrates. |
| US07848007B2 |
Electrophoretic medium and process for the production thereof
A two-phase electrophoretic medium comprises a continuous phase and a discontinuous phase. The discontinuous phase comprises a plurality of droplets, each of which comprises a suspending fluid and at least one particle disposed within the suspending fluid and capable of moving through the fluid upon application of an electric field to the electrophoretic medium. The continuous phase surrounds and encapsulates the discontinuous phase. To reduce the humidity sensitivity of the medium, a non-ionizable or crystalline polymer may be used as the continuous phase. |
| US07848006B2 |
Electrophoretic displays with controlled amounts of pigment
An electrophoretic medium has walls defining a microcavity containing an internal phase. This internal phase comprises electrophoretic particles suspended in a suspending fluid and capable of moving therethrough upon application of an electric field to the electrophoretic medium. The average height of the microcavity differs by not more than about 5 μm from the saturated particle thickness of the electrophoretic particle divided by the volume fraction of the electrophoretic particles in the internal phase. |
| US07848005B2 |
Spatial light modulator implemented with a mirror array device
The present invention provides a spatial light modulator, comprising: a plurality of row lines each connected to a plurality of memory circuits; and a plurality of word lines and a plurality of plate lines connected to the memory circuits for selecting and controlling sets of the memory circuits connected to the selected row lines at pre-designated times for each of the row lines. |
| US07847997B2 |
Projection apparatus for scanningly projection
A projection apparatus for scanningly projecting an image onto an image field by means of a radiation beam includes a modulator for modulating an intensity of the radiation beam such that the intensity of the radiation beam changes in a time interval during which a scan point to which the radiation beam is directed sweeps a pixel of the image field. |
| US07847996B2 |
Electro-wetting display device
An exemplary electro-wetting display (EWD) device (30) includes a first substrate (31), a second substrate (39) facing the first substrate, a hydrophobic insulator (36) provided between the first and second substrates, a first fluid (33), a second fluid (32) and colored layers (38). The first fluid and the second fluid are immiscible and disposed between the hydrophobic insulator and the first substrate. The second fluid is electro-conductive or polar. The first fluid is located between the hydrophobic insulator and the second fluid. Colored layers may be located between the hydrophobic insulator and the second substrate. |
| US07847994B2 |
Light scanning system and image forming apparatus
A light scanning system and an image forming apparatus including the same, the light scanning system including: one or more light sources to emit light; a deflector to deflect the emitted light; and one or more f-θ lenses to focus the deflected light onto a photosensitive medium, wherein the light emitted by the one or more light sources is obliquely incident on a plane perpendicular to a rotational axis of the deflector, and the f-θ lens satisfies −0.5 |
| US07847992B2 |
Method and apparatus for recording one-step, full-color, full-parallax, holographic stereograms
Methods and devices for creating and printing variable size and variable resolution holographic stereograms and holographic optical elements can generate one-step, full-color, full-parallax holographic stereograms using a reference beam-steering system that allows a reference beam to expose a holographic recording material from different angles. One method includes selecting, for each of a plurality of viewing zones, a respective scene; generating a computer model of each scene; and determining, for each of a plurality of elemental holograms for a holographic stereogram, viewing zone mask volumes. For each elemental hologram and for each viewing zone mask volume, an image is rendered of the selected scene enclosed by the viewing zone mask volume. The rendering is based at least in part on the computer model of the selected scene. After the rendering is complete for each of the viewing zone mask volumes, a composite rendered image is generated for the elemental holograms. |
| US07847991B2 |
Holographic storage medium
Holographic storage medium which avoids the interference between a reference beam and a reconstructed object beam, wherein the holographic storage medium has a holographic storage layer on top of a reflective layer, and wherein the reflective layer has non-reflective areas as well as reflective areas for coupling a reference beam out of the optical path of a reconstructed object beam. |
| US07847985B2 |
Image-reading apparatus and method
An image-reading apparatus includes a first light-receiving device that receives light reflected from a sheet, a second light-receiving device disposed a predetermined distance from the first light-receiving device along a sheet-transfer direction, a first lighting unit that illuminates a readout position to be read by the first light-receiving device, a second lighting unit that illuminates a readout position to be read by the second light-receiving device, a delay unit that delays one of a first signal output from the first light-receiving device and a second signal output from the second light-receiving device, a correction signal generation unit that generates a correction signal by reference to a difference between the first signal and the second signal, one of which has been delayed by the delay unit, and a correcting unit that corrects for at least one of the first signal and the second signal by using the correction signal. |
| US07847983B2 |
Image reading apparatus
An image reading apparatus comprises an original placement portion on which an original is to be placed, optical unit for optically scanning the original on the original placement portion while moving relative to the original placement portion and a guide member that guides movement of the optical unit. The optical unit includes a sliding member having a screw portion that slides in contact with the guide member and a screw hole portion to which the sliding member is mounted. The screw portion of the sliding member is plastically deformable and screwed into the screw hole portion while being plastically deformed. |
| US07847979B2 |
Printer having differential filtering smear correction
In a method and printing apparatus, a receiver is moved in a travel direction relative to a print engine. The print engine has a predetermined profile of smear in the travel direction at a plurality of sites on the receiver. Each site corresponds to a respective one of the pixels. A digital image to be printed with the print engine is received and digitally filtered based on the profile to provide a filtered image. The filtering is localized, non-symmetrical, and at least partially compensatory of the smear. As the receiver is moved, the filtered image is printed on the receiver, the printing being modulated in accordance with the filtered image. |
| US07847977B2 |
Apparatus for determining respective amounts of respective recording materials used in reproducing a color defined by color signals
To provide a prepared color separation table for an inkjet printing apparatus that suppresses unevenness due to differences in the color of regular reflected light when a printing medium surface used for printing pigment-based inks is irradiated with light and which can output a high quality image. It is a printing apparatus that can carry out printing using recording materials and when reproducing a color of a predetermined color region using numerous types of the said recording materials with different regular reflected light colors it uses at least one type of the recording materials over the entire area in the predetermined color region. |
| US07847976B2 |
Image output color management system and method
Disclosed is an image output device color management system. The color management system includes a 2 dimensional principle component analysis (PCA) compensation method for reducing the number of measurement required for re-profiling a device, such as a printer. |
| US07847974B2 |
Systems and methods for dynamically limiting total colorant coverage in a color rendering system
Systems and methods for dynamically limiting total colorant coverage in multi-colorant rendering. Two polyhedra are defined: one contains all the colors that exceed the total colorant limit, and another is within the colorant limit that contains the results of the colorant limitation process. Data is received to identify a specified contone color, which is processed to decide whether it is inside one of the polyhedra. If the specified contone color is not within either polyhedra, the specified contone color is used in the rendering process. Alternatively, if the specified contone color is within one of the polyhedra, the value representing the specified contone color is compressed into the second polyhedra volume to obtain a resultant contone color that is used in the rendering process. |
| US07847973B2 |
Color mapping circuit
A system and method that provide full color mapping of video images with minimal distortion to the image. A two-dimensional look up table may be used to map a certain number of colors, and for colors that are not represented by entries in the table, the four closest entries to the desired color may be interpolated to provide mapping for the color, thus achieving full color mapping. The method may also provide the ability to map colors in partial bypass and full bypass conditions. In a full bypass condition the color goes through the system unchanged, and the system may be capable of mapping the brightness of the color by interpolating the luminance values of the closest table entries. |
| US07847972B2 |
Paper transport mechanism with a capping mechanism
The invention provides for a paper transport mechanism for a pagewidth printer. The mechanism includes an electric motor and a sheet feed roller, a paper drive roller and pinch wheels operatively actuated by the motor to feed paper through a media path defined through the printer. The mechanism also includes an ink cartridge with integral printhead arranged in the media path, and a capping mechanism configured to cap the printhead. The motor is configured to drive the paper drive roller and the pinch wheels at a start and an end of the media path when running in a forward direction, and to drive the sheet feed roller when reversed, such that the sheet feed roller engages a topmost sheet from a sheet feeder of the printer and transports said sheet to the paper drive roller. |
| US07847970B1 |
System and method for reception, analysis, and annotation of prescription data
An exemplary medication order processing system (10) includes a plurality of nursing stations (12, 14, 16). Physician orders prescribing medications for patients are faxed from the nursing stations to a computer which is included in an interchange fax station (28) located at the pharmacy. Physician orders for medications are selectively sent to either a priority or normal fax number based on the urgency associated with delivering the medication to the patient. The interchange fax station is operative to prioritize the orders and to present them to pharmacists working at pharmacist work stations (40, 42). Pharmacist work stations are enabled to review, electronically annotate, and input orders reviewed at the pharmacy work station into a pharmacy order system of the facility. Input to the pharmacy order system results in the medication being administered to the patient. Pharmacists are also enabled to handle discrepancies and to present issues to the originators of the orders so as to resolve questions before the input of the medication order into the pharmacy order system. |
| US07847969B2 |
Display printing system and program stored on a computer readable medium
In template information to be used for selection of a template, a printer model and an individual printer are identified in a PRINTER MODEL column and the kind of printing media loaded in the printer is identified in a KIND OF MEDIA column and a TEMPLATE USED column is provided to correspond to a combination of a printer model and a kind of media. In the TEMPLATE USED column, templates are stored in reverse chronological order of use and the frequency of use of each template is also stored. When a template is used, the history and frequency of use of each template are updated in the TEMPLATE USED column which corresponds to the relevant printer model, individual printer and kind of printing media. |
| US07847967B2 |
Adaptive de-spooling system for partial brute force collation
A system for partial brute force collation of a print job includes a printing device having ROPM capability and memory. The printing device receives at least a portion of the document from a source device. The memory stores at least a portion of the document. The printing device has a memory printing mode and a brute force collation mode. In the memory printing mode the portion of the document stored in memory is printed. In the brute force collation mode any portion of the document not stored in memory is printed. The system can also alternate between the memory printing mode and the brute force collation mode for each of the N copies of the electronic document of the print job such that the resulting printed output is collated. |
| US07847966B2 |
Information processing system, printing device and content access system
There is provided an information processing system, which comprises a printing unit, a link information print control unit configured such that when first contents which has a first address and contains an object to which a second address is assigned as a link target address are printed, it causes the printing unit to print link information indicating that the first address is a link source address and the second address is the link target address, a link information obtaining unit configured to obtain the link information printed by the printing unit, a second content access unit configured to access second contents to which the second address is assigned in accordance with the link information, and a link source address notification unit configured to notify the link target address of information on the first address in response to execution of access by the second content access unit. |
| US07847963B2 |
Printing system, image reading apparatus and controlling method of the system
A printing system in which a print job is generated from original image data which have been read by an image reading apparatus, and the print job is transmitted to a printing apparatus to effect printing, wherein the printing apparatus includes a detecting unit that detects the cancellation of processing of the print job, and a job notifying unit that transmits to the image reading apparatus a job cancellation notification that the print job has been canceled, in correspondence with the detection of the cancellation of processing of the print job, and wherein the image reading apparatus aborts the read processing of the original in correspondence with the reception of the job cancellation notification transmitted from the job notifying unit. |
| US07847962B2 |
E-mail printing device and e-mail printing system and confirmation notifying method and storage medium storing confirmation notifying program
An e-mail print processing device that performs printing of an e-mail and a file attached to the e-mail received via a network, including: a reception history storage unit that stores a reception history of e-mails; a display unit that displays a list of the reception history of the e-mails stored in the reception history storage unit; a selection unit that selects by a user's operation an e-mail of which printing is confirmed from the reception history list of the e-mails displayed by the display unit; a confirmation notice generation unit that generates a confirmation notice of the e-mail selected by the selection unit; and a confirmation notice sending unit that sends the confirmation notice generated by the confirmation notice generation unit. |
| US07847961B2 |
Printing system, printing apparatus, information processor, printing program, and printing method
The printing system includes a printer 22 having: first input means 32 for receiving input of attribute data which indicate attributes pertaining to printing, second input means 32 for receiving input of fixation data which indicate whether or not to fix at least a portion of the print attributes corresponding to the attribute data, storage means 46 for storing the attribute data and the fixation data having been input by means of the first and second input means, and transmission means 50 for transmitting the attribute data and the fixation data stored in the storage means to the information processor upon request from the information processor; request means 91 for making a request to the transmission means of the printing apparatus for transmission of the attribute data and the fixation data; receiving means 96 for receiving the attribute data and the fixation data having been transmitted upon request from the request means; display means 98 for displaying the fixation data and the attribute data; and prohibition means for, when the fixation data indicate fixing of at least a portion of the print attributes, prohibiting changing of attribute data corresponding to the fixed print attributes. |
| US07847960B2 |
Managing reading conditions in an image reading apparatus
In order to enable setting of a reading condition from an external apparatus, an image reading apparatus includes a reading unit reading a document and outputting an image data in accordance with a given reading condition, a communication unit communicating with an external apparatus through a communication line, a user interface unit receiving an instruction input from a user, and a control unit controlling the reading unit, the communication unit and the user interface unit, and the control unit includes an associating portion associating, when a reading condition is received from the external apparatus through the communication unit, the received reading condition with a one-touch key provided at the user interface unit. |
| US07847957B2 |
Image processing apparatus, image processing method, and program
The present invention discloses an image processing method and an image processing apparatus which is capable of preventing wasteful consumption of toner and an increase in processing time when a page including information not desired by a user such as an advertisement on a Web page is printed. According to the image forming method of the present invention, the image forming method includes a mode for printing image data without change and a mode for simplifying and printing the image data or not printing the image data, and executes print processing according to a mode set by the user. |
| US07847951B2 |
Spectral domain phase microscopy (SDPM) dual mode imaging systems and related methods and computer program products
Some embodiments of the present invention provide optical coherence tomography systems including an OCT engine and a processor. The OCT engine is configured to provide both standard OCT imaging and spectral domain phase microscopy (SDPM) imaging. The processor is coupled to the OCT engine and is configured to use a first signal processing method when the OCT engine is configured to provide standard OCT imaging and a second signal processing method when the OCT engine is configured to provide SDPM imaging. Related methods and computer program products are also provided. |
| US07847948B2 |
Tactile sensor based on coupled surface plasmon resonance
Systems and methods for sensing an applied local tactile pressure are disclosed. The methods can include directing light onto a tactile sensing element that includes a metal nanoparticle layer. The methods can further include receiving at least a portion of the light scattered from the metal nanoparticle layer. The methods can further include determining a local pressure exerted on the tactile sensing element based at least in part on a change in a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectrum of the received portion of the scattered light. |
| US07847938B2 |
Alignment system for optical lithography
An alignment system for optical lithography uses cameras fixed to a movable stage and to a lithography unit to view unique microscopic non-uniformities that are inherent to the surface of a work piece, e.g., metal or ceramic microcrystalline grains, for position referencing. Stage cameras image two sites on the work piece through windows in the stage to establish original position templates. After the work piece has been repositioned, e.g., reversed topside-down, the same two sites are again viewed and template matching establishes the transformed coordinates of the work piece, e.g. by a lithography unit camera under which the stage moves to approximate site locations. Two corner cameras can serve as a coarse positioning mechanism. The alignment system is particular useful for backside alignment in printed circuit board lithography. |
| US07847937B1 |
Optical measurment systems and methods
An optical measurement system includes a rotating element ellipsometer comprising a radiant source and a rotating optical element coupled to the radian source, an optical system to provide a modulated pump beam, a detection system optically coupled to the ellipsometer and a signal analyzer. The rotating element ellipsometer is configured to deliver a probe beam to a measurement spot on a sample and to measure one or more ellipsometric parameters of the sample at one or more discrete wavelengths or wavelength ranges, or a plurality of wavelengths across a wavelength range. Methods for determining sample characteristics from radiation scattered, reflected, diffracted or otherwise emitted from a sample surface using the optical measurement systems are also disclosed. |
| US07847935B2 |
Method and apparatus for gas concentration quantitative analysis
An FTIR measurement is conducted on a background gas to obtain a single beam spectrum SB(BG) [C] and a synthetic single beam spectrum SSB(BG)[D], and an FTIR measurement is conducted on a sample gas to obtain a single beam spectrum SB(Samp)[E] and a synthetic single beam spectrum SSB(Samp)[F]. A double synthetic absorbance spectrum DSAbs of the sample gas as expressed by the following formula (Step T9) is calculated to obtain a concentration of a trace component (impurity) contained in the sample gas: DSAbs =−log[SB(Samp) SSB(BG)/SSB(Samp) SB(BG)] |
| US07847933B2 |
Cars microscopy and spectroscopy using ultrafast chirped pulses
Linear chirped pulses in a Raman excitation scheme provide selective excitation of only one target transition (single mode) in a molecule without disturbing any other transitions or molecules. Selectivity is guaranteed by the adiabaticity of the pulse excitation, which allows manipulation by only a resonant mode while leaving all of the other modes unperturbed. This in turn allows for enhanced imaging or spectroscopic analysis of a sample that contains one or more of the molecules. |
| US07847923B2 |
Differentiation of flow cytometry pulses and applications
A method of analyzing pulses from a flow cytometer in which particles in a fluid pass through an excitation volume of an electromagnetic radiation and interact with the electromagnetic radiation to generate signals in the form of pulses includes generating a time-dependent pulse indicative of the characteristics of one or more particles passing through the excitation volume of the electromagnetic radiation, determining a measurement window by selecting a portion of the pulse with a starting point and an ending point above a predetermined value, and calculating a first derivative of the pulse with respect to time over the measurement window. |
| US07847920B2 |
Illumination system and polarizer for a microlithographic projection exposure apparatus
An illumination system for illuminating a reticle that moves along a scanning direction in a microlithographic projection exposure apparatus has an optical axis and an optical component producing an illumination angle distribution of the projection light. In accordance with the illumination angle distribution, a plurality of poles is illuminated in a pupil plane of the illumination system. The poles form an arrangement that is only mirror-symmetrical with respect to an axis that is orthogonal to the optical axis of the illumination, but neither parallel nor perpendicular to the scanning direction. |
| US07847918B2 |
Illumination optical system, exposure method and designing method
Exposure for performing patterning in which micropatterns differing in pitch exist in close vicinity to one another is handled, and micropatterns are formed with high accuracy with sufficient manufacture process margins without using a photomask complicated in manufacturing process at high manufacture cost like an alternating phase shift mask. A light intensity distribution of irradiation light constituted of double pole illuminations is formed to correspond to L&S patterns. The double pole illumination is constituted of a pair of illumination modes, and the double pole illumination is constituted of a pair of illumination modes. |
| US07847914B2 |
Thin film transistor array panel and method for repairing liquid crystal display including the same
A thin film transistor (TFT) array panel, a liquid crystal display (LCD), and a method of repairing a TFT array panel with a defective pixel is disclosed. When a white defect occurs such that a pixel is always in a white state, a corresponding pixel electrode is supplied with the predetermined voltage applied to a corresponding storage electrode line so that the pixel becomes permanently dark, which may not be easily detected. The connection between the pixel electrode and the storage electrode line is provided by illuminating a laser beam from a common electrode panel through a contact hole in the TFT array panel to electrically couple the storage electrode and the pixel electrode. Advantageously, a backlight unit or chassis does not need to be separated or disassembled from the LCD when repairing the defect. Furthermore, the color filter stripes and the light blocking member are not damaged, thereby improving the reliability of the repair. |
| US07847906B2 |
Liquid crystal display
A liquid crystal display is provided, which includes: a first substrate; a first signal line formed on the first substrate and extending in a first direction; a second signal line formed on the first substrate, intersecting the first signal line, and including a curved portion and a rectilinear portion connected to the curved portion; a first thin film transistor connected to the first signal line and the second signal line; a pixel electrode connected to the first thin film transistor; a second substrate facing the second substrate; and a common electrode formed on the second substrate and having an opening facing the second signal line. |
| US07847905B2 |
FFS mode LCD and method of manufacturing the same
Provided are a fringe field switching (FFS) mode liquid crystal display (LCD) and a method of manufacturing the same. The FFS mode LCD includes a second transparent electrode having a plurality of slits and bars, disposed apart from a first transparent electrode with an insulating layer interposed between the first and second transparent electrodes, in a pixel region to apply a voltage level to a liquid crystal layer and control an amount of transmitted light. From a plan view, bar-shaped patterns having a specific width in a direction substantially parallel to a length direction of the slits are formed in the middles of the respective slits or in the middles of bars. |
| US07847904B2 |
Liquid crystal display device and electronic appliance
A pixel electrode or a common electrode is a light-transmissive conductive film; therefore, it is formed of ITO conventionally. Accordingly, the number of manufacturing steps and masks, and manufacturing cost have been increased. An object of the present invention is to provide a semiconductor device, a liquid crystal display device, and an electronic appliance each having a wide viewing angle, less numbers of manufacturing steps and masks, and low manufacturing cost compared with a conventional device. A semiconductor layer of a transistor, a pixel electrode, and a common electrode of a liquid crystal element are formed in the same step. |
| US07847901B2 |
Liquid crystal display
A liquid crystal display includes a substrate, a pixel electrode disposed on the substrate and including a first subpixel electrode and a second subpixel electrode, and a common electrode facing the pixel electrode. The first subpixel electrode comprises a first edge, a second edge disposed opposite the first edge, and two first oblique edges substantially parallel to each other, the first oblique edges making an oblique angle with the first edge and the second edge and meeting the first edge. The second subpixel electrode comprises a first edge, a second edge disposed opposite the first edge, and two first oblique edges substantially parallel to or substantially perpendicular to the first oblique edges of the first subpixel electrode, the first oblique edges of the second subpixel electrode meeting the first edge of the second subpixel electrode. The first edge of the first subpixel electrode is adjacent to the first edge of the second subpixel electrode, and a length of the first edge of the first subpixel electrode is different from a length of the first edge of the second subpixel electrode. The first oblique edges of the first subpixel electrode are offset from the first oblique edges of the second subpixel electrode. |
| US07847891B2 |
Liquid crystal display
A liquid crystal display is provided. The liquid crystal display includes a first substrate and a second substrate facing and spaced apart from each other in a predetermined distance, in which the second substrate has a first area in which color filters are formed over a plurality of pixel regions and a second area in which the color filters are formed at each of the plurality of pixel regions. |
| US07847890B2 |
OCB mode liquid crystal display comprising edges of adjacent color filters being sawtoothed so as to form a sawtoothed step structure
An optical compensated bend (OCB) mode liquid crystal display (LCD) includes a pixel electrode, a color filter, a common electrode and a liquid crystal layer. The pixel electrode is formed on the first substrate of the OCB mode LCD. The color filter is formed on the second substrate of the OCB mode LCD. The common electrode is formed on the color filter. The liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between the first substrate and the second substrate. A step structure is formed on the second structure, so that the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer are twisted into the bend state from the splay state uniformly and quickly. |
| US07847889B2 |
Panel for display device with light blocking on blue color filter and liquid crystal display
Panels for a display device, a liquid crystal display, and methods to manufacture the same are disclosed. A light blocking member on a first panel advantageously overlaps a transistor and an opaque element on a second panel for advantageously reducing or eliminating light leakage, thereby allowing for sharp viewing contrast. |
| US07847881B2 |
Diffusion plate, backlight assembly, liquid crystal display having the same and method of forming thereof
A diffusion plate that is capable of improving a display quality, and a backlight assembly and a liquid crystal display (“LCD”) including the same are disclosed. The diffusion plate includes a base layer including of a first optically transparent resin and a first coating layer provided on a first surface of the base layer. The first coating layer includes a second optically transparent resin and random embossings. The first surface including the embossings has a 60° gloss of 15% or less. A method of forming a diffusion plate includes forming a base layer including a first optically transparent resin, providing random embossings on the base layer and sizing the diffusion plate to predetermined dimensions. |
| US07847879B2 |
Liquid crystal display module having a top frame with curved corners and at least one side surface that is folded back and against itself to provide a double-layered thickness
A liquid crystal display module includes a bottom frame having a bottom surface and first to fourth side surfaces; a backlight unit disposed on the bottom surface of the bottom frame; a liquid crystal panel over the backlight unit; a main frame surrounding a side of the backlight unit and a side of the liquid crystal panel; and a top frame surrounding an edge of the liquid crystal panel and having a top surface and first to fourth side surfaces, wherein each of corners of the first to fourth side surfaces of the top frame has a curved shape, and wherein the first side surface of the top frame has a double-layered structure and the top surface has a single-layered structure such that the first side surface has a thickness twice that of the top surface. |